WO2020192061A1 - Procédé et système de mesure de quantité d'échange d'air - Google Patents

Procédé et système de mesure de quantité d'échange d'air Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020192061A1
WO2020192061A1 PCT/CN2019/109047 CN2019109047W WO2020192061A1 WO 2020192061 A1 WO2020192061 A1 WO 2020192061A1 CN 2019109047 W CN2019109047 W CN 2019109047W WO 2020192061 A1 WO2020192061 A1 WO 2020192061A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
space
measured
tracer gas
gas
air exchange
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Application number
PCT/CN2019/109047
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
张渊
刘群
李永国
杨彪
于伟跃
乔太飞
侯建荣
丘丹圭
韩丽红
吴涛
陈建利
俞杰
张计荣
Original Assignee
中国辐射防护研究院
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by 中国辐射防护研究院 filed Critical 中国辐射防护研究院
Priority to JP2021560291A priority Critical patent/JP7236561B2/ja
Publication of WO2020192061A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020192061A1/fr

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
    • G01F1/76—Devices for measuring mass flow of a fluid or a fluent solid material
    • G01F1/78—Direct mass flowmeters

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of nuclear safety and civil safety, and in particular to a method and system for measuring air exchange in a main control room of a nuclear power plant.
  • the main control room of some nuclear facilities pays more attention to the unfiltered air leakage in this space. It is an important parameter related to the safety of the main control room staff.
  • the American ASTM E741 standard recommends The tracer gas dilution method is a standard test method for measuring the air exchange volume in a single area.” All nuclear power plants in the United States require the measurement of the unfiltered air leakage in the main control room to ensure that the staff in the main control room do not work under accident conditions. Will be exposed to radiation and chemical poisons that exceed the design standards.
  • the air exchange characteristics of the space to be measured can be measured by injecting tracer gas. Specifically, the air exchange volume, total air inlet volume and total air volume of the space to be measured can be measured by the tracer gas dilution method. The total air volume is then used to subtract the air volume filtered by the radioactive aerosol and iodine filtered by the emergency ventilation system accident handling unit of the nuclear power plant’s main control room to obtain the unfiltered air internal leakage. This unfiltered air internal leakage The amount is the most important source of radiation and chemical toxicant hazards to the operators of the main control room, and various measures must be taken to control it to the minimum.
  • the American ASTM E741 standard recommends three tracer gas test methods to measure the internal leakage of unfiltered air in the main control room. They are the concentration decay method, the constant injection method and the constant concentration method. In fact, the most commonly used is constant injection.
  • American companies often failed to achieve the concentration balance of the constant injection method that satisfies the mass conservation condition when performing the tracer test of the leakage measurement in the main control room. In many cases, they use the unbalanced concentration data measured in the tracer test but use the mass conservation formula to calculate the air exchange volume. This is a method that is adopted due to the available test time limit in the main control room. Obviously unreasonable but helpless approach.
  • Cfinal is the tracer gas concentration at the end of the test time
  • Cinitial is the tracer gas concentration at the beginning of the test time
  • Ttest is the test time period
  • Qtracer is the amount of tracer gas injected during the test time
  • Vzone is the air volume of the tested space .
  • C 2 and C 1 are the tracer gas concentrations corresponding to the test time t 2 and t 1 respectively.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to correct this unreasonable item in the ASTM E741 standard and invent a new function fitting data processing method.
  • the fitting function the limit value is solved to obtain the final equilibrium concentration that meets the requirements of the law of conservation of mass.
  • the correct air exchange volume result is to correct this unreasonable item in the ASTM E741 standard and invent a new function fitting data processing method.
  • the limit value is solved to obtain the final equilibrium concentration that meets the requirements of the law of conservation of mass.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method and system for measuring air exchange volume, which can accurately measure the air exchange volume in a single space related to safety.
  • a method for measuring air exchange volume including:
  • step S5 the air exchange volume in the space to be measured is calculated by any of the following methods:
  • step S1 the tracer gas is injected into the air inlet pipe connected to the space to be measured through the tracer gas constant injection device.
  • the tracer gas constant injection device includes: two gas cylinders, a three-way valve, a stabilizing valve, a steady flow valve, two needle valves, and two mass A flow meter and two multi-point injection devices, wherein the two gas cylinders are respectively connected to the two inlets of the three-way valve, the outlet of the three-way valve is connected to the inlet of the pressure stabilizing valve, and the The outlet of the pressure stabilizing valve is connected to the inlet of the steady flow valve, the outlet of the steady flow valve is respectively connected to the inlets of the two needle valves, and the outlet of each needle valve is connected to the inlet of a mass flow meter.
  • the outlet of the mass flow meter is connected with a multi-point injection device, and the two multi-point injection devices are both connected with the air pipe;
  • the pressure is stabilized through the pressure stabilizing valve, the release amount is adjusted and controlled through the steady flow valve, and the two needle valves are passed through The corresponding injection position is selected and the flow reading is obtained through the corresponding mass flow meter, and is released into the air duct through the two multi-point injection devices.
  • the multi-point injection device includes: a main pipe and a series of branch pipes connected to the main pipe, each branch pipe is provided with a first preset number of injection holes , Used to form a uniform distribution of the injected tracer gas on the cross section of the wind pipe.
  • step S3 gas sampling is performed on the space to be measured by a multi-point sampling device.
  • the multi-point sampling device includes: a main pipe and a series of branch pipes connected to the main pipe, each branch pipe is provided with a second preset number of sampling holes , Used to collect samples evenly at multiple points on the cross section of the air duct.
  • step S5 further includes:
  • a measuring system for air exchange volume including:
  • the injection module is used to inject the tracer gas into the space to be measured by the constant injection method
  • the measurement module is configured to measure the concentration of the tracer gas in the space to be measured, and determine whether the tracer gas in the space to be measured and the air in the space to be measured are evenly mixed according to the concentration;
  • the sampling module is used to sample the gas in the space to be tested and record the sampling time after determining that the tracer gas in the space to be tested is evenly mixed with the air in the space to be tested, and to check the indications in the sampled gas Measure the concentration of trace gas;
  • the fitting module is used to perform function fitting on the corresponding relationship between the concentration of the tracer gas in the sampling gas and the sampling time to obtain a fitting function
  • the calculation module is used to calculate the air exchange volume of the space to be measured according to the fitting function and the injection amount of the tracer gas in the space to be measured.
  • the calculation module specifically uses any of the following methods to calculate the air exchange volume in the space to be measured:
  • the beneficial effect of the present invention is that compared with the method recommended by ASTM E741, the method and system provided by the present invention can accurately measure the air exchange volume of a single space related to safety by using the constant injection method, especially when measuring nuclear power plants.
  • the internal leakage of unfiltered air in the main control room is of great significance. In addition to obtaining accurate measurement results, it can also greatly shorten the unavailable time of the system and reduce the interference to the main control room.
  • the test time can be greatly shortened, and the test time can be controlled within 0.5 to 4 hours, which is far less than the high-low constant used by other companies.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a method for measuring air exchange volume provided in an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a tracer gas constant injection device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an air exchange volume measurement system provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a method for measuring air exchange volume includes:
  • the air exchange volume of the space to be measured is calculated.
  • step S5 the air exchange volume of the space to be measured is calculated by any of the following methods:
  • the method of the present invention can accurately measure the air exchange volume of a single space related to safety, especially when measuring the internal leakage of unfiltered air in the main control room of a nuclear power plant. In addition to obtaining accurate measurement results, it can also greatly shorten the unavailable time of the system and reduce the interference to the main control room.
  • the tracer gas can be injected into the air inlet pipe connected to the space to be measured by the tracer gas constant injection device.
  • the specific structure of the tracer gas constant injection device is as follows.
  • the tracer gas constant injection device includes: a first gas cylinder 1, a second gas cylinder 2, a three-way valve 3, a stabilizing valve 4, a steady flow valve 5, a first needle valve 6, a second needle Valve 7, first mass flow meter 8, second mass flow meter 9, first multi-point injection device 10, second multi-point injection device 11, wherein two gas cylinders are respectively connected to two inlets of three-way valve 3 ,
  • the outlet of the three-way valve 3 is connected with the inlet of the regulator valve 4, the outlet of the regulator valve 4 is connected with the inlet of the steady flow valve 5, and the outlet of the steady flow valve 5 is connected to the inlets of two needle valves, each needle valve
  • the outlets of are connected to the inlet of a mass flow meter, the outlet of each mass flow meter is connected to a multi-point injection device, and the two multi-point injection devices are connected to the air pipe;
  • the pressure is stably released through the pressure stabilizing valve 4, and the release amount is adjusted and controlled through the steady flow valve 5.
  • the corresponding injection position is selected through the two needle valves and The corresponding mass flow meter obtains the flow reading and is released into the air duct through two multi-point injection devices.
  • the tracer gas constant injection device must be able to ensure continuous and stable gas release (flow deviation should not be greater than 2%), and the release amount can be finely adjusted. Not only that, the entire system must also have a high degree of air tightness.
  • the multi-point injection device includes: a main pipe and a series of branch pipes connected to the main pipe, and each branch pipe is provided with a first preset number of injection holes for uniformly forming the injected tracer gas on the cross section of the air pipe distributed.
  • step S3 gas sampling is performed on the space to be measured by a multi-point sampling device.
  • the multi-point sampling device includes: a main pipe and a series of branch pipes connected to the main pipe, each branch pipe is provided with a second preset number of sampling holes for uniformly collecting samples at multiple points on the cross section of the air pipe.
  • the method further includes:
  • This value is the volume of unfiltered air entering the main control room of the nuclear power plant. It contains radioactivity under accident conditions that have not been filtered and adsorbed by high-efficiency filters and iodine adsorbers, which is a key parameter related to the radiation safety of the main control room personnel.
  • the present invention can also be applied to the measurement of the air exchange volume in the civil space of non-nuclear facilities that have received safety concerns.
  • an air exchange volume measurement system includes:
  • the injection module is used to inject the tracer gas into the space to be measured by the constant injection method
  • the measurement module is used to measure the concentration of the tracer gas in the space to be measured, and determine whether the tracer gas in the space to be measured and the air in the space to be measured are evenly mixed according to the concentration;
  • the sampling module is used to sample the space to be measured and record the sampling time after determining that the tracer gas in the space to be measured is evenly mixed with the air in the space to be measured, and to measure the concentration of the tracer gas in the sampled gas;
  • the fitting module is used to perform function fitting on the corresponding relationship between the concentration of the tracer gas in the sampling gas and the sampling time to obtain a fitting function
  • the calculation module is used to calculate the air exchange volume of the space to be measured according to the fitting function and the injection volume of the tracer gas in the space to be measured.
  • the calculation module specifically uses any of the following methods to calculate the air exchange volume in the space to be measured:

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé et un système de mesure d'une quantité d'échange d'air. Le procédé consiste : S1 à injecter un gaz traceur dans un espace testé au moyen d'un procédé d'injection constante; S2 à mesurer une concentration du gaz traceur dans l'espace testé, et à déterminer, en fonction de la concentration, si le gaz traceur dans l'espace a été mélangé uniformément avec l'air dans l'espace; S3 si le gaz traceur dans l'espace testé est déterminé comme ayant été mélangé uniformément avec l'air dans l'espace, à acquérir un échantillon de gaz provenant de l'espace et à enregistrer un temps d'échantillonnage, et à mesurer une concentration du gaz traceur dans l'échantillon de gaz; S4 à effectuer un ajustement de fonction sur une relation de correspondance entre la concentration du gaz traceur dans l'échantillon de gaz et le temps d'échantillonnage, et à obtenir une fonction d'ajustement; et S5 à calculer une quantité d'échange d'air de l'espace testé en fonction de la fonction d'ajustement et d'une quantité du gaz traceur injecté dans l'espace. Le système comprend un module d'injection, un module de mesure, un module d'échantillonnage, un module d'ajustement et un module de calcul. Le procédé et le système permettent, grâce au procédé d'injection constante, une mesure précise d'une quantité d'échange d'air lié à la sécurité dans un seul espace.
PCT/CN2019/109047 2019-03-28 2019-09-29 Procédé et système de mesure de quantité d'échange d'air WO2020192061A1 (fr)

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CN113358174A (zh) * 2021-05-18 2021-09-07 国核电站运行服务技术有限公司 空间自由容积测量方法
CN114295300A (zh) * 2021-11-25 2022-04-08 中国核电工程有限公司 核电站主控室可居留区自由容积和内漏量测量系统及方法

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CN110057416B (zh) * 2019-03-28 2020-12-18 中国辐射防护研究院 一种空气交换量的测量方法及系统
CN111307393B (zh) * 2020-03-11 2022-02-11 华东建筑设计研究院有限公司 一种渗透风现场测试方法
CN113551736A (zh) * 2021-06-02 2021-10-26 中煤科工集团淮北爆破技术研究院有限公司 超大型不规则容器的容积标定装置及方法
CN113639791B (zh) * 2021-07-29 2023-07-14 中国辐射防护研究院 一种多区域空间内漏量测量试验装置
CN114838879A (zh) * 2022-03-25 2022-08-02 中国辐射防护研究院 一种用恒定浓度法测量核电站主控室气体内漏量的方法

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CN114295300A (zh) * 2021-11-25 2022-04-08 中国核电工程有限公司 核电站主控室可居留区自由容积和内漏量测量系统及方法

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