WO2020192050A1

WO2020192050A1 - V2r communication test system and test method based on 5g technology

Info

Publication number: WO2020192050A1
Application number: PCT/CN2019/107330
Authority: WO
Inventors: 赵祥模; 王润民; 张心睿; 徐志刚; 孙朋朋; 李东武; 朱宇
Original assignee: 长安大学
Priority date: 2019-03-22
Filing date: 2019-09-23
Publication date: 2020-10-01
Also published as: CN109981771A

Abstract

The present invention discloses a vehicle to roadside (V2R) communication test system based on 5G technology. The network element function is realized by means of virtualization and softwarization, which can greatly increase network transmission rate, guarantee dense concurrence of network message by means of a network terminal under the environment of Internet of Vehicles (IOV), and meet the requirements of ultralow time delay of IOV application. The system cloud server adopts virtualization technology to reduce the number of servers. In consideration of safety, a plurality of network slices are divided to provide dedicated logic network of safe isolation and high automatic control, thereby greatly increasing network security as well as guaranteeing information security of IOV applications and privacy of user data. An edge cloud server sinks part of business to the network edge, thereby greatly increasing the business processing speed of IOV based on roadside devices as well as providing lower transmission time delay. A test platform can be used for verifying the actual effectiveness of 5G technology applied in IOV applications, and providing support to 5G-based IOV device layout and network design in real scenes.

Description

Vehicle-road communication test system and test method based on 5G technology

Technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of vehicle networking, and relates to a vehicle-to-road communication test platform and a test method, in particular to a vehicle-to-road communication test system and a test method based on 5G technology.

Background technique

In recent years, traffic safety, travel efficiency, and environmental protection issues have become increasingly prominent due to the continuous increase in the number of vehicles, making the research and development of the Internet of Vehicles related fields receive extensive attention. The core technology of the Internet of Vehicles-V2X wireless communication technology, can realize non-line-of-sight sensing and vehicle information sharing technologies that are difficult to complete in the intelligent development of a single car. At present, the internationally mature V2X wireless communication technology is a dedicated short-range communication technology based on IEEE 802.11p. However, this technology has the problems that the communication distance is short, the network capacity is small, and the communication quality is difficult to guarantee under non-line-of-sight conditions. In contrast, 5G (fifth generation mobile communication) technology has the advantages of low latency (as low as 1ms), high reliability (up to 99.99%), large capacity, and communication quality assurance in complex non-line-of-sight environments. Therefore, more and more research institutions and scholars are focusing on 5G-based Internet of Vehicles technology, but there is no test technology system and test method for Internet of Vehicles under 5G network. For this reason, the realization of the The testing and scientific evaluation of 5G network performance is an important prerequisite for accelerating the application of 5G to the industrialization and commercialization of the Internet of Vehicles.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a vehicle-to-road communication test system and test method based on 5G technology to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art.

To achieve the above objective, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

A vehicle-to-road communication test system based on 5G technology, including 5G core network, cloud server, 5G base station, test road and vehicle-mounted unit; 5G base station is set on the side of the test road;

The 5G core network uses NFV technology and SDN technology to implement network element functions through software on a common commercial server, and realizes the data exchange between the cloud server and the on-board unit;

The cloud server is used to start tasks and send control signals to the vehicle-mounted unit, and uses NFV technology to divide various functions into different slices to realize slice data processing;

The 5G base station is used for the relay and forwarding of the wireless access point, assists the vehicle-mounted unit to communicate with the 5G core network, and is used for the roadside unit to communicate with the vehicle-mounted unit in real-time in a high-speed operation environment and broadcast to the vehicles within the range Traffic information and provide positioning for the on-board unit;

The test road provides a test site for the test vehicle, and there is a camera on the test road for obtaining real-time video images of the test scene;

The vehicle-mounted unit is used to receive the cloud server control signal and select the test scenario according to the control signal to control the vehicle to run according to the set program and feed back the running information to the cloud server.

Further, cloud servers include 5G core cloud servers and 5G edge cloud servers;

The 5G core cloud server includes access and mobility management slices, session management slices, and user plane management slices; access and mobility management slices are responsible for terminal mobility and access management; session management slices are responsible for session management; user plane management slices are responsible for User plane function management;

The 5G edge cloud server includes web slices, PDN slices, video surveillance slices, data storage slices, and data processing slices. Web slices are responsible for the information setting and query processing of the entire system; PDN slices are responsible for the exchange services and data distribution of the entire public network; video surveillance The slice is responsible for the video data collection in the vehicle-to-road communication test test site, and controls the on-site peripheral video acquisition equipment to achieve the purpose of collecting on-site data and forwarding; the data storage slice stores the data in a centralized manner, and uses a disk array for data storage; The processing slice processes, analyzes and forwards the data collected by the on-site vehicle-mounted unit.

Furthermore, the 5G core network follows the principle of separation of the control plane and the user plane. The 5G core network control plane functions are executed by the 5G core cloud server, and some of the functions of the 5G core network user plane are executed by the 5G core cloud server. The 5G core network user plane Another part of the function is sinking to the 5G edge cloud server to complete the execution.

Furthermore, the 5G base station is based on the multi-antenna large-scale input and output technology. The 5G base station is equipped with 128 antennas to form multiple groups of antenna arrays. The element spacing of the antenna array is half of the receiving wavelength.

Further, the vehicle-mounted unit includes a local application unit, a communication control unit, a middleware unit, and a physical antenna unit; the local application unit is used to select test project scenarios according to the test needs of the test user; the communication control unit is used to control the local application unit and the middleware The data transmission of the unit, while ensuring the link quality of the information exchange; the middleware unit is used to shield the difference in the physical bottom of the communication, and provide a unified interface for the communication control unit; the physical antenna unit is used to communicate with the 5G base station and other vehicle-mounted units Communication.

Further, the communication control unit includes a communication control module and a data transmission module.

Further, the middleware unit includes a 5G radio frequency drive module, a positioning drive module, a 5G radio frequency module and a positioning module.

Further, the physical antenna unit includes a 5G antenna and a GPS antenna.

A vehicle-to-road communication test method of a 5G technology-based vehicle-to-road communication test system includes the following steps:

Step 1) Move the test vehicle with the on-board unit to the test site;

Step 2) Complete the device software initialization, and wait for the test to start after confirming that the network connection is normal;

Step 3) The cloud server starts the task, and sends the control signal to the on-board unit according to the test item. The on-board unit completes the test task according to the control signal instruction. The on-board unit simultaneously records the vehicle driving information and feeds it back to the cloud server until the test task is completed;

Step 4) Transfer all data and logs stored in the 5G edge cloud server to the computer for analysis and processing, so as to obtain the test results

Further, the test items include 5G car-to-vehicle communication test, 5G car-to-vehicle communication test and 5G car-to-vehicle application function test;

5G car network communication test:

Step 1-1) The 5G edge cloud server continuously sends 32KB UDP data packets to the vehicle-mounted unit for iperf packet filling test, and sends the measured data files including network throughput and packet loss rate to the data storage slice storage record , Suspend the test after driving around the field for two weeks;

Step 1-2) The 5G edge cloud server makes a continuous ping request to the vehicle-mounted unit, continuously sends 32-byte data and sends the measured delay data to the data processing slice for processing, and sends the result to the data storage slice for storage Record and complete the test;

5G IoV communication test:

Step 2-1) Carry out 5G vehicle-to-vehicle communication test, perform iperf server-side and client-side configuration, and further select test scenarios. The test scenarios include the car-following scenario and the vehicle meeting scenario, and the test of two vehicles equipped with on-board units Cars, namely Car A and Car B, drive according to the speed and direction required by the selected scene;

Step 2-2) Car A uses the vehicle-mounted unit of Car B as the target to continuously send 32KB UDP data packets for iperf packet filling test, upload the data file including network throughput and packet loss rate to the 5G edge cloud server for data processing After the slice completes the data processing, the test will be interrupted after driving around the field for two weeks;

Step 2-3) Car A makes a continuous ping request to the on-board unit of car B, continuously sends 32-byte data and delivers the measured delay data to the data processing slice for processing, and sends the result to the data storage slice for storage Record and complete the test;

5G Internet of Vehicles application function test:

Step 3-1) Carry out 5G vehicle networking application function test, two test vehicles equipped with on-board units, one vehicle as the pilot vehicle, and the other vehicle as the rear fleet vehicle, driving according to the application scenario requirements;

Step 3-2) The pilot vehicle requests navigation from the 5G edge cloud server according to the destination address input by the test user;

Step 3-3) During the driving process, the preceding vehicle continuously sends its own driving state information and control commands to the following vehicle;

Step 3-4) Before reaching the destination, the entire fleet of vehicles sends real-time driving status information including location information, speed, acceleration, and vehicle conditions to the 5G edge cloud server. After reaching the destination, the data is stored and recorded.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects:

The present invention is a vehicle-to-road communication test system based on 5G technology, which includes 5G core network, cloud server, 5G base station, test road, and vehicle-mounted unit; through the 5G core network, NFV technology and SDN technology are adopted on a general commercial server through software. Realize the network element function, realize the data exchange between the cloud server and the on-board unit; adopt the virtualization and software method to realize the network element function, which can significantly increase the network transmission rate and ensure that the dense network terminal in the Internet of Vehicles environment concurrently sends network messages. To meet the ultra-low latency requirements of complex and huge Internet of Vehicles applications, the system cloud server adopts virtualization technology to reduce the number of servers. In terms of security, by dividing multiple network slices, it provides a securely isolated and highly automated dedicated logic network. Greatly improve network security, ensure the information security of IoV applications and user data privacy. Edge cloud servers will sink part of the business to the edge of the network, which can significantly increase the processing speed of IoV applications based on roadside devices and provide lower Transmission delay, the test platform can be used to verify the actual utility of 5G technology in the application of the Internet of Vehicles, and provide support for the deployment of 5G-based Internet of Vehicles equipment and network design in real scenarios.

A vehicle-to-road communication test method based on 5G technology, using the advantages of 5G's ultra-large capacity and ultra-low latency, to provide a reference for the design and development of future 5G vehicle networking traffic applications, and to meet the needs of 5G performance testing in the field of vehicle-to-vehicle communications Demand, based on the test method of the present invention, 5G Internet of Vehicles testers can systematically test the communication performance of the 5G network on the test platform. The unified standard test based on the real environment can provide the tester with reliable test data and greatly promote the 5G network. Research and application in the field of vehicle-to-road communication.

Description of the drawings

Figure 1 is an overall structure diagram of a vehicle-to-road communication test platform based on 5G technology.

Figure 2 is a block diagram of the data interaction function of the on-board unit.

Figure 3 is a working flow chart of the vehicle networking communication test platform of the present invention.

Figure 4 is a flow chart of the vehicle-to-road communication performance test of the present invention.

Figure 5 is a flow chart of the vehicle-to-vehicle communication performance test of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a flow chart of the formation driving test of the 5G Internet of Vehicles application of the present invention.

detailed description

The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, and provide a vehicle-to-road communication test system and test method based on 5G technology. This method introduces the 5th generation mobile communication technology into the vehicle networking system to provide a real environment The vehicle-to-road communication test platform and test method are used to quantitatively evaluate the network performance parameters in the process of vehicle-to-road information interaction, provide core technical parameters for 5G-based car networking safety and non-safe transportation applications, and to improve the car networking communication network performance Provide a brand-new technology to provide a brand-new idea and verification platform for vehicle-to-road communication applications.

As shown in Figure 1, a 5G technology-based car networking communication test system includes 5G core network, 5G core cloud server, 5G edge cloud server, 5G base station, test road and vehicle-mounted unit; 5G core network, 5G core cloud server , The 5G edge cloud server is deployed on a general-purpose commercial server. The internal virtual machine is connected through the network function virtualization (NFV, Network Function Virtualization) technology and the software defined network (SDN, Software Defined Network) technology, and the SDN controller performs the mapping to establish 5G The connection between the core network, the 5G core cloud server and the 5G edge cloud server; the wireless signal of the 5G base station covers the entire test road; the test road is equipped with a high-definition camera through the gantry, and the high-definition camera is connected to the 5G edge cloud server; the installation of the vehicle unit On the test vehicle, the on-board unit communicates with the 5G base station wirelessly.

5G core network

The 5G core network is placed in a computer room within a radius of 5m from the 5G base station. The 5G core network uses NFV technology and SDN technology to implement network element functions on a common commercial server through software; to achieve data exchange between cloud servers and on-board units;

Cloud Server

Cloud servers include 5G core cloud servers and 5G edge cloud servers. The cloud servers use NFV technology to divide various functions into different slices. As shown in Figure 1, 5G core cloud servers include access and mobility management slices, session management slices, and users Plane management slice; access and mobility management slice is responsible for terminal mobility and access management; session management slice is responsible for session management; user plane management slice is responsible for user plane function management; 5G edge cloud server includes Web slice, PDN slice, and video Monitoring slices, data storage slices, and data processing slices. Web slices are responsible for the information setting and query processing of the entire system; PDN slices are responsible for the exchange services and data distribution of the entire public network; video monitoring slices are responsible for video data in the vehicle-to-road communication test test site Acquisition, control the on-site peripheral video acquisition equipment to achieve the purpose of collecting on-site data and forwarding; data storage slices centrally store data, and use disk arrays for data storage to ensure data reliability; data processing slices are used for on-site vehicle-mounted units The collected data is processed, analyzed and forwarded;

The 5G core network follows the principle of separation of the control plane and the user plane. The 5G core network control plane functions are executed by the 5G core cloud server, some of the 5G core network user plane functions are executed by the 5G core cloud server, and the 5G core network user plane is another part of the function. Sink to the 5G edge cloud server to complete execution, speeding up the processing speed;

5G base station

The 5G base station is installed on the side of the test road. The specific installation distance in this application is 150m, as shown in Figure 1. Based on the multi-antenna large-scale input and output technology, the 5G base station is equipped with 128 antennas to form multiple groups of antenna arrays. The element spacing of the antenna array is half the receiving wavelength, and the antenna array is about 28.3cm high. The antenna is placed outside the computer room within a radius of 5m from the 5G base station. The antenna is mounted at a height of 25m. The base station power supply cable and optical fiber enter the indoor computer room through the feeder window. The power cord is connected to the DC distribution unit; the 5G base station is not only used for the middle of the wireless access point. Following the forwarding function, it assists the vehicle to communicate with the Internet, and is also used to act as a road side unit (RSU, Road Side Unit) to communicate with the onboard unit (OBU, Onboard Unit) in a high-speed operating environment, and broadcast to the area where it is. The internal vehicles release traffic information and can also provide precise positioning, enabling OBU to reduce positioning errors in non-line of sight (NLOS, Non-Line of Sight) complex environments.

Test road

The test road is a high-speed circular runway with a total length of 2.4km, the test lane is 8m wide, and the design speed is 120 kilometers per hour. It is located in the vehicle-to-road communication test site. The test site is 1,100 meters long from east to west and 260 meters wide from north to south; four roadside cabinets are installed in quarters of the high-speed circular runway for the access of strong and weak currents. The driveway gantry and gantry are installed at a distance of 100m from the 5G base station. The width is 8m, the height is 3.4m, and it straddles the test lane. The gantry is equipped with a high-definition camera that can upload real-time video images of the test scene to the video surveillance slice of the 5G edge cloud server through 5G wireless signals; the gantry is installed with a speed indicator . The speed indicator is used as a speed reminder sign to remind the test driver of the real-time vehicle speed. It is used to remind the driver of the test speed during the test. The driver can verify the current test speed according to the information on the speed indicator.

On-board unit

The vehicle-mounted unit includes a local application unit, a communication control unit, a middleware unit and a physical antenna unit, as shown in Figure 2. The local application unit, the communication control unit and the middleware unit are arranged in the control machine of the vehicle-mounted unit, and the physical antenna unit is arranged in the physical antenna of the vehicle-mounted unit. The local application unit is used to select test project scenarios according to the testing needs of the test user; the communication control unit includes a communication control module and a data transmission module, the communication control unit is used to control the data transmission between the local application unit and the middleware unit, and at the same time ensure the information exchange Link quality; the middleware unit includes 5G radio frequency drive module, positioning drive module, 5G radio frequency module and positioning module; the middleware unit is between the communication control unit and the physical antenna unit, which is used to shield the difference in the physical bottom of the communication and is the communication control The unit provides a unified interface; the physical antenna unit includes a 5G antenna and a GPS antenna, which are used for communication with 5G base stations and other vehicle-mounted units; the vehicle-mounted unit software consists of a series of 5G car networking test software pre-installed in the control machine , Responsible for sending, receiving, signaling tracking and data input and output during the test process. The operator and the vehicle-mounted unit can interact with each other and manually select various 5G car networking test functions.

The 5G core network, 5G core cloud server, 5G edge cloud server, and video monitoring management platform in the vehicle-to-road communication test system are all indoor equipment, placed in a computer room within a radius of 5m from the 5G base station. The computer room covers an area of 25 square meters. In addition to the key indoor equipment of the vehicle-to-road communication test platform, it also needs to be equipped with firewall equipment, cabinets, cabinet power supplies, video surveillance management monitoring screens, air conditioning equipment, ventilation equipment, and fire fighting equipment.

The above-mentioned 5G technology-based vehicle networking communication test platform workflow is shown in Figure 3, including:

Step 1-1) Power on the hardware equipment in the system and move the test vehicle with the on-board unit to the test site;

Step 1-2) Complete the device software initialization, confirm that the network connection is normal and wait for the test to start;

Step 2-1) Carry out 5G car-to-vehicle network communication test, carry out iperf server and client configuration, and the test car drives along the test lane at the speed and direction required by the test project;

Step 2-2) The 5G edge cloud server continuously sends 32KB UDP data packets to the vehicle-mounted unit for iperf packet filling test, and sends the measured data files including network throughput and packet loss rate to the data storage slice storage record , Suspend the test after driving around the field for two weeks;

Step 2-3) The 5G edge cloud server makes a continuous ping request to the on-board unit, continuously sends 32-byte data and sends the measured delay data to the data processing slice for processing, and sends the result to the data storage slice for storage recording;

Step 3-1) Carry out 5G car-to-vehicle communication test, carry out iperf server and client configuration, and further select test scenarios. The test scenarios include the car-following scenario and the vehicle meeting scenario, and the test of two vehicles equipped with on-board units Cars, namely Car A and Car B, drive according to the speed and direction required by the selected scene;

Step 3-2) Car A uses the vehicle-mounted unit of Car B as the target to continuously send 32KB UDP data packets for iperf packet filling test, upload the data files including network throughput and packet loss rate to the 5G edge cloud server for data processing After the slice completes the data processing, the test will be interrupted after driving around the field for two weeks;

Step 3-3) Car A makes a continuous ping request to the on-board unit of car B, continuously sends 32-byte data and delivers the measured delay data to the data processing slice for processing, and sends the result to the data storage slice for storage recording;

Step 4-1) Carry out 5G Internet of Vehicles application function test, two test vehicles equipped with on-board units, one vehicle as the pilot vehicle, and the other vehicle as the rear fleet vehicle, driving according to the application scenario requirements;

Step 4-2) The pilot vehicle requests navigation from the 5G edge cloud server according to the destination address input by the test user;

Step 4-3) During the driving process, the preceding vehicle continuously sends its own driving state information and control commands to the following vehicle;

Step 4-4) Before reaching the destination, the entire fleet of vehicles sends real-time driving status information including location information, speed, acceleration, and vehicle conditions to the 5G edge cloud server, and after reaching the destination, all data is stored and recorded;

Step 5) Transmit all data and logs stored in the 5G edge cloud server to the computer for analysis and processing, thereby obtaining detailed test results.

In the test method of the present invention, the test items include vehicle-to-road communication performance test, vehicle-to-vehicle communication performance test, 5G Internet of Vehicles application-formation driving test; the vehicle-to-road communication performance test content includes: vehicle-mounted unit and 5G edge cloud server Wireless network performance during vehicle movement, specific performance indicators include network throughput, transmission delay, and packet loss rate; the vehicle-to-vehicle communication performance test includes: car-following scenario communication test, meeting scenario communication test, and the test content includes : The wireless network performance of two vehicles equipped with on-board equipment during the movement. Specific performance indicators include network throughput, transmission delay, and packet loss rate; the formation driving means that vehicles based on high-precision positioning and V2X technology move in formation according to a certain order and rules, and the information of the preceding vehicle obtained by the following vehicle passing Accelerate or decelerate to maintain a very small following distance (2-5m), thereby reducing fuel consumption and carbon dioxide emissions. The test content includes real-time vehicle driving status information of the fleet, and the driving status information includes position information, speed, acceleration, and vehicle conditions.

A detailed example is given below:

1) Vehicle-to-road communication performance test

The test object is the wireless network performance of the vehicle-mounted unit and the 5G edge cloud server during vehicle movement. Specific performance indicators include network throughput, transmission delay and packet loss rate.

Prefabricated conditions: The system is powered up and running normally, the vehicle-mounted unit is connected to the base station network normally, and successfully attached. The 5G edge cloud server runs the iperf client, and the vehicle-mounted unit runs the iperf server.

The vehicle-to-road communication performance test process is shown in Figure 4. The specific test includes the following steps:

a) The on-board unit runs the iperf server, enter the command iperf-sup 9999 to start the iperf server on the local port 9999, and run in udp mode; the 5G edge cloud server runs the iperf client, enter the command iperf-c 59.74. 140.117(server-ip)-p 9999-i 1-u to enable the iperf client to send a 32KB UDP data packet to the iperf server;

b) On the test road, the test vehicle runs at a constant speed of 30km/h;

c) The 5G edge cloud server performs iperf packet filling test with the on-board unit as the target;

d) The 5G edge cloud server records the download speed of the vehicle-mounted unit, and sends the test data to the data processing slice for processing and analysis; the data processing slice delivers the processed data to the data storage slice for storage and recording;

e) Interrupt the iperf test after two weeks around the test site;

f) The 5G edge cloud server makes a continuous ping request to the on-board unit, enter the command ping-t 59.74.140.117 (server-ip) to realize that the 5G edge cloud server continuously sends 32-byte data to the on-board unit until the end is pressed Ctrl+C , To return the ping test result to the 5G edge cloud server data processing slice;

g) The data processing slice calculates the network delay based on the ping raw data, and submits all data to the data storage slice for storage records;

h) Increase the test speed by 30km/h, repeat (a)-(f) until the 120km/h speed test is completed, and record the system throughput, transmission delay and packet loss rate;

i) The 5G edge cloud server draws a speed-throughput change curve, a speed-transmission delay change curve, and a speed-packet loss rate change curve based on the data obtained above.

2) Vehicle-to-vehicle communication performance test

The test object is the wireless network performance of two in-vehicle devices during vehicle movement. Specific performance indicators include network throughput, transmission delay and packet loss rate.

Prefabrication conditions: The system is powered on and running normally, and the 5G terminal network on the two vehicles is connected normally. Among them, the on-board unit of car A runs the iperf client, and the on-board unit of car B runs the server side, and responds to the ping request of the on-board unit of car A.

The vehicle-to-vehicle communication performance test process is shown in Figure 5. The specific test includes the following steps:

A. The throughput, transmission delay, and packet loss rate of the two test vehicles during vehicle-to-vehicle communication are tested in the car-following scenario.

a) The on-board unit of car B runs the server side, enter the command iperf-sup 9999 to start iperf on the local port 9999, and run in udp mode; the on-board unit of car A runs iperf client, enter the command iperf-c 59.74. 140.117(server-ip)-p 9999-i 1-u to enable the iperf client to send a 32KB UDP data packet to the iperf server;

b) On the test road, cars A and B are in the same lane one after the other at a constant speed of 30km/h, keeping a safe following distance and driving in the same direction;

c) Car A takes the on-board unit of car B as the target for iperf packet filling test;

d) The on-board unit of B car records the download speed, and sends the data information to the 5G edge cloud server data processing slice for processing, and the data processing slice delivers the processed data to the data storage slice for storage and recording;

e) Interrupt the iperf test after two weeks around the test site;

f) Car A makes a continuous ping request to the on-board unit of car B, enter the command ping-t 59.74.140.117 (server-ip) to realize that car A continuously sends 32-byte data to the on-board unit of car B until the end is pressed Ctrl+C , Upload the ping test result to the 5G edge cloud server data processing slice;

B. Tests of throughput, transmission delay and packet loss rate during vehicle-to-vehicle communication between two test vehicles in a vehicle-to-vehicle meeting scenario:

a) The on-board unit of car B runs the server side, enter the command iperf-s-u-p 9999 to start iperf on the local port 9999, and run in udp mode. The on-board unit of car A runs the iperf client, and enter the command iperf-c 59.74.140.117(server-ip)-p 9999-i 1-u to realize that the iperf client sends a 32KB UDP data packet to the iperf server;

b) On the test road, two cars A and B travel around the field in reverse at a constant speed of 30km/h;

e) Interrupt the iperf test after two weeks around the test site;

h) Increase the test speed by 30km/h, repeat (a)-(f) until the test at 120km/h speed is completed, and record the system throughput, transmission delay and packet loss rate;

3) 5G Internet of Vehicles application-formation driving.

The test object is real-time vehicle driving status information of the fleet, and the driving status information includes position information, speed, acceleration, and vehicle conditions.

Pre-conditions: The entire fleet is equipped with on-board units, and the 5G edge cloud server has the function of providing local data services, such as local high-precision map download, vehicle information and roadside information release.

The typical application of 5G Internet of Vehicles-the formation driving test process is shown in Figure 6, which specifically includes the following steps:

a) All vehicles in the entire fleet request time synchronization from the 5G core cloud server;

b) The pilot vehicle sends a local high-precision map request to the 5G edge cloud server through the on-board unit;

c) The 5G edge cloud server responds, and the pilot car downloads the local high-precision map;

d) Leading car sends the destination address to the 5G edge cloud server to request navigation;

e) The 5G edge cloud server plans the driving route according to the current road conditions and other environmental information, and sends the route to the pilot vehicle;

f) The pilot vehicle leads the entire fleet to drive according to the planned driving route;

g) During driving, the front vehicle continuously sends its own driving status information and control commands to the rear vehicle;

h) After receiving the information, the rear vehicle adjusts its speed to keep a minimum following distance (2-5m) from the vehicle ahead;

i) The entire fleet of vehicles will continue to send their driving status information to the 5G edge cloud server after the test starts until they reach the destination;

j) The 5G edge cloud server draws a position-time curve, a speed-time curve, and an acceleration-time curve based on the data obtained above.

The professional abbreviations involved in the present invention are given below:

Fifth Generation Mobile Networks (5th Generation Mobile Networks, referred to as 5G)

Network Function Virtualization (NFV)

Software Defined Network (Software Defined Network, SDN)

Public Data Network (PDN)

Road Side Unit (RSU)

On Board Unit (OBU)

Non-Line of Sight (Non-Line of Sight, NLOS for short)

Mobile Edge Computing (Mobile Edge Computing, MEC for short)

Network Performance Analysis Tools (Internet Performance Analysis Tools, iperf for short)

Claims

A vehicle-to-road communication test system based on 5G technology, which is characterized by comprising a 5G core network, a cloud server, a 5G base station, a test road, and a vehicle-mounted unit; the 5G base station is set on the side of the test road;

The 5G core network uses NFV technology and SDN technology to implement network element functions through software on a common commercial server, and realizes the data exchange between the cloud server and the on-board unit;

The cloud server is used to start tasks and send control signals to the vehicle-mounted unit, and uses NFV technology to divide various functions into different slices to realize slice data processing;

The 5G base station is used for the relay and forwarding of the wireless access point, assists the vehicle-mounted unit to communicate with the 5G core network, and is used for the roadside unit to communicate with the vehicle-mounted unit in real-time in a high-speed operation environment and broadcast to the vehicles within the range Traffic information and provide positioning for the on-board unit;

The test road provides a test site for the test vehicle, and there is a camera on the test road for obtaining real-time video images of the test scene;

The vehicle-mounted unit is used to receive the cloud server control signal and select the test scenario according to the control signal to control the vehicle to run according to the set program and feed back the running information to the cloud server.
The vehicle-to-road communication test system based on 5G technology according to claim 1, wherein the cloud server includes a 5G core cloud server and a 5G edge cloud server;

The 5G core cloud server includes access and mobility management slices, session management slices, and user plane management slices; access and mobility management slices are responsible for terminal mobility and access management; session management slices are responsible for session management; user plane management slices are responsible for User plane function management;

The 5G edge cloud server includes web slices, PDN slices, video surveillance slices, data storage slices, and data processing slices. Web slices are responsible for the information setting and query processing of the entire system; PDN slices are responsible for the exchange services and data distribution of the entire public network; video surveillance The slice is responsible for the video data acquisition in the vehicle-to-road communication test test site, and controls the on-site peripheral video acquisition equipment to achieve the purpose of collecting on-site data and forwarding; the data storage slice stores the data in a centralized manner, and uses a disk array for data storage; The processing slice processes, analyzes and forwards the data collected by the on-site vehicle-mounted unit.
The vehicle-to-road communication test system based on 5G technology according to claim 2, characterized in that the 5G core network follows the principle of separation of control plane and user plane, and 5G core network control plane functions are performed by the 5G core cloud server. Part of the functions of the core network user plane is performed by the 5G core cloud server, and another part of the functions of the 5G core network user plane is submerged to the 5G edge cloud server for execution.
The vehicle-road communication test system based on 5G technology according to claim 1, characterized in that the 5G base station is based on multi-antenna large-scale input and output technology, and the 5G base station is equipped with 128 antennas to form multiple antenna arrays. The array element spacing is half of the receiving wavelength.
The vehicle-to-road communication test system based on 5G technology according to claim 1, wherein the vehicle-mounted unit includes a local application unit, a communication control unit, a middleware unit and a physical antenna unit; the local application unit is used to test users according to Select the test project scenario for the test requirements; the communication control unit is used to control the data transmission between the local application unit and the middleware unit, and at the same time guarantee the link quality of the information exchange; the middleware unit is used to shield the physical bottom difference of the communication and provide the communication control unit Unified interface; the physical antenna unit is used for communication with 5G base stations and other vehicle-mounted units.
The vehicle-to-road communication test system based on 5G technology according to claim 5, wherein the communication control unit includes a communication control module and a data transmission module.
The vehicle-to-road communication test system based on 5G technology according to claim 5, wherein the middleware unit includes a 5G radio frequency drive module, a positioning drive module, a 5G radio frequency module and a positioning module.
The vehicle-to-road communication test system based on 5G technology according to claim 5, wherein the physical antenna unit includes a 5G antenna and a GPS antenna.
A vehicle-to-road communication test method based on a 5G technology-based vehicle-to-road communication test system according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

Step 1) Move the test vehicle with the on-board unit to the test site;

Step 2) Complete the device software initialization, and wait for the test to start after confirming that the network connection is normal;

Step 3) The cloud server starts the task, and sends the control signal to the on-board unit according to the test item. The on-board unit completes the test task according to the control signal instruction. The on-board unit simultaneously records the vehicle driving information and feeds it back to the cloud server until the test task is completed;

Step 4) All data and logs stored in the 5G edge cloud server are transferred to the computer for analysis and processing, so as to obtain the test results.
The vehicle-to-vehicle communication test method based on 5G technology according to claim 9, wherein the test items include 5G vehicle-to-vehicle communications test, 5G vehicle-to-vehicle communications test, and 5G vehicle-to-vehicle communications test function;

5G car network communication test:

Step 1-1) The 5G edge cloud server continuously sends 32KB UDP data packets to the vehicle-mounted unit for iperf packet filling test, and sends the measured data files including network throughput and packet loss rate to the data storage slice storage record , Suspend the test after driving around the field for two weeks;

Step 1-2) The 5G edge cloud server makes a continuous ping request to the vehicle-mounted unit, continuously sends 32-byte data and sends the measured delay data to the data processing slice for processing, and sends the result to the data storage slice for storage Record and complete the test;

5G IoV communication test:

Step 2-1) Carry out 5G vehicle-to-vehicle communication test, perform iperf server-side and client-side configuration, and further select test scenarios. The test scenarios include the car-following scenario and the vehicle meeting scenario, and the test of two vehicles equipped with on-board units Cars, namely Car A and Car B, drive according to the speed and direction required by the selected scene;

Step 2-2) Car A uses the vehicle-mounted unit of Car B as the target to continuously send 32KB UDP data packets for iperf packet filling test, upload the data file including network throughput and packet loss rate to the 5G edge cloud server for data processing After the slice completes the data processing, the test will be interrupted after driving around the field for two weeks;

Step 2-3) Car A makes a continuous ping request to the on-board unit of car B, continuously sends 32-byte data and delivers the measured delay data to the data processing slice for processing, and sends the result to the data storage slice for storage Record and complete the test;

5G Internet of Vehicles application function test:

Step 3-1) Carry out 5G vehicle networking application function test, two test vehicles equipped with on-board units, one vehicle as the pilot vehicle, and the other vehicle as the rear fleet vehicle, driving according to the application scenario requirements;

Step 3-2) The pilot vehicle requests navigation from the 5G edge cloud server according to the destination address input by the test user;

Step 3-3) During the driving process, the preceding vehicle continuously sends its own driving state information and control commands to the following vehicle;

Step 3-4) Before reaching the destination, the entire fleet of vehicles sends real-time driving status information including location information, speed, acceleration, and vehicle conditions to the 5G edge cloud server. After reaching the destination, the data is stored and recorded.