WO2020189746A1 - Feed additive, pig feed, and pig production method - Google Patents
Feed additive, pig feed, and pig production method Download PDFInfo
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- WO2020189746A1 WO2020189746A1 PCT/JP2020/012178 JP2020012178W WO2020189746A1 WO 2020189746 A1 WO2020189746 A1 WO 2020189746A1 JP 2020012178 W JP2020012178 W JP 2020012178W WO 2020189746 A1 WO2020189746 A1 WO 2020189746A1
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- Prior art keywords
- feed
- pig
- pigs
- nucleic acid
- additive
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Links
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/153—Nucleic acids; Hydrolysis products or derivatives thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/30—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for swines
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/60—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for weanlings
Definitions
- the present invention relates to feed additives and feeds suitable for raising pigs, and methods for producing pigs using these.
- compound feed is used as feed for pigs.
- the compound feed contains various ingredients devised in order to promote the growth of pigs and raise healthy pigs.
- Vaccines may be given to prevent infectious diseases. However, many vaccines are also expensive for pig farming, and inoculation requires a great deal of labor. Furthermore, vaccines may be ineffective or ineffective due to differences in strains.
- drugs such as antibiotics and vaccines are used as a disease control, and although they have a certain degree of usefulness, it is required to be as independent as possible from such drugs.
- the present invention provides a feed additive, a feed and a method for producing pigs, which can contribute to the breeding of healthy pigs with as little dependence as possible on drugs such as antibiotics and vaccines. That is the issue.
- a feed additive for porcine immunity activation containing a nucleic acid component.
- the nucleic acid component derived from the feed additive is blended so that the weight ratio of the nucleic acid component to the main feed is 0.01 to 5.00% (W / W). Feed for pigs.
- [4] The feed according to the above [3], which is used for immune activation of pigs.
- [5] The feed according to the above [3] or [4], which is used for feeding pigs after weaning.
- [6] A pig production method in which a main feed containing a vegetable feed and / or an animal feed is fed in combination with the feed additive according to the above [1] or [2].
- [7] The method for producing pigs according to the above [6], wherein the feed additive is fed to pigs during or after the weaning period.
- the feed additive of the present invention contains a nucleic acid component as an active ingredient.
- the nucleic acid component contained in the feed additive of the present invention may be a nucleic acid or a nucleotide which is a constituent unit thereof.
- the type of sugar constituting the nucleic acid component may be either deoxyribose or ribose. That is, the nucleic acid component may be either deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) or ribonucleic acid (RNA).
- the types of bases constituting the nucleic acid component mainly include adenine, guanine, thymine, cytosine, and uracil, that is, the types of nucleosides constituting the nucleic acid component include adenine, guanosine, cytosine, uridine, and thymidine.
- the phosphoric acid constituting the nucleotide may be monophosphoric acid or may be composed of a plurality of phosphoric acids.
- a commercially available product may be used as the nucleic acid component.
- the nucleic acid component one type may be blended alone, or a plurality of kinds may be mixed and blended.
- ribonucleic acid and nucleotides can be preferably used. Either one of the ribonucleic acid and the nucleotide may be used alone, or both may be used.
- the origin of the nucleic acid component is not particularly limited and may be artificially synthesized or derived from a natural product.
- those extracted or purified from microorganisms such as yeast may be used.
- the nucleic acid component thus synthesized, extracted or purified can be in a form that is easily absorbed when the pig eats it.
- biological resources for example, wood sugar contained in wood as waste materials, microorganisms such as yeast are propagated to obtain nucleic acid components, which are blended and used as feed additives of the present invention, waste materials are used. It is possible to convert what was supposed to be a useful substance and contribute to the formation of a sustainable recycling-oriented society.
- the feed additive may be in a form generally adopted as an additive.
- Forms of feed additives include, for example, powders, granules, mashes, pellets, crumbles, flakes and the like.
- the form of the feed additive may be a single form or a mixed form of two or more forms as described above, such as a mixture of pellets and flakes, a mixture of mash and pellets, etc. May be.
- the feed additive of the present invention contains water, oil, a pH adjuster, an antioxidant, a preservative, a coloring material, a fragrance, an excipient, vitamins, hormones, amino acids, and antibiotics as optional components as required.
- a substance, an antibacterial agent, or the like may be blended.
- the pig feed of the present invention includes a main feed containing a vegetable feed and / or an animal feed, and the feed additive of the present invention.
- the feed additive is blended in the pig feed so that the weight ratio of the nucleic acid component derived from the feed additive to the main feed is 0.01 to 5.00% (W / W).
- the main feed includes vegetable feed and / or animal feed.
- the vegetable feed is a feed derived from plants, and examples thereof include corn, mylo, barley, wheat, cassava, rice bran, bran, soybean meal, rapeseed meal, rice, rice bran, and beet, and processed products thereof.
- the animal feed is an animal-derived feed, and examples thereof include fish meal, pork meal, chicken meal, skim milk powder, and concentrated whey. These may be used alone or in combination.
- the pig feed or main feed of the present invention may contain an inorganic component such as calcium carbonate in addition to the vegetable feed and the animal feed.
- an inorganic component such as calcium carbonate
- a mixed feed, a mixed feed, a roughage or the like generally used for pig farming may be used.
- water, oil, pH adjuster, antioxidant, preservative, coloring material, fragrance, excipient, vitamins, hormones, etc. Amino acids, antibiotics, antibacterial agents and the like may be blended.
- the lower limit of the nucleic acid component added by the feed additive is at least 0.01% (W / W) or more, preferably 0.03% (W / W) or more as a weight ratio with respect to the main feed. It is more preferably 0.04% (W / W) or more, and further preferably 0.05% (W / W) or more.
- the upper limit of the amount of the nucleic acid component added by the feed additive is at most 5.00% (W / W), preferably 3.00% (W / W) or less, as a weight ratio with respect to the main feed. It is preferably 2.00% (W / W) or less, and more preferably 1.00% (W / W) or less.
- the pig feed of the present invention contains a feed additive for pig immunity activation, it may be used as a feed for pig immunity activation.
- the immunity of pigs can be easily activated by performing the essential step in pig breeding of feeding, which contributes to the breeding of healthy pigs. Can be done.
- the immunity of pigs can be activated by such a method, the need to rely on antibiotics and vaccines can be reduced or eliminated.
- the feed for pigs of the present invention can be fed at any stage of the growth stage of pigs, but is preferably fed to pigs during the weaning period or later. It is believed that the pig feed of the present invention can effectively activate systemic immunity. In general, pigs immediately after weaning rarely suffer from systemic bacterial diseases such as pneumonia, and often suffer exclusively from intestinal infections. Therefore, it is preferable to start feeding the pig feed of the present invention from the late weaning stage when the pig feed is susceptible to systemic diseases.
- a main feed containing a vegetable feed and / or an animal feed and a feed additive containing a nucleic acid component are fed in combination.
- the term “combination” refers to (1) a form in which the feed additive and the main feed are fed separately, and (2) a mixed fertilizer (or compound fertilizer) in which the feed additive and the main feed are mixed. It is used in the sense that it includes both forms of salary.
- the timing of feeding each of them may be the same or different.
- the feed additive is fed so that the weight ratio of the nucleic acid component to the main feed to be fed is generally 0.01 to 5.00% (W / W).
- the daily salary more preferably each salary, is paid at the ratio.
- the preferable ratio of the weight of the nucleic acid component to the weight of the main feed is the same as the value described for the pig feed of the present invention.
- the method for producing pigs of the present invention is suitable for pigs during the weaning period or later, as described above for the pig feed of the present invention.
- the following experiment was conducted to examine the immunostimulatory effect by administering the nucleic acid component to weaning piglets.
- RNA-M manufactured by Nippon Paper Industries, Ltd.
- NPC nucleotide manufactured by Nippon Paper Industries, Ltd.
- Test group> The test animals were divided into the following 1 to 3 groups and tested.
- the observation period was from 0 to 7 days after the start of the test. During the study period, clinical observations (health, appetite, posture, diarrhea, death) and feed intake measurements were performed daily. Weight was measured 0 and 7 days after the start of the test. After the above breeding was completed, 6 piglets were introduced again under the same conditions, and repeated tests were conducted.
- Alveolar macrophage activation > Alveolar lavage fluid was collected at autopsy. Immediately after collection, the following operations were carried out to examine the macrophage phagocytosis activity. The cells were seeded on a 24-well plate so that the number of viable cells in the alveolar lavage fluid was 1 ⁇ 10 6 cells / mL. Similarly, FITC-labeled A. After culturing pureuropneumoniae, heat-killed cells or S. cerevisiae. After culturing Choleraesus, 200 ⁇ g / mL of heat-killed cells was added at a final concentration. A Blank section without addition was also provided. The culture was carried out in 3 repetitions. After culturing in a 5% CO 2 incubator for 4 hours, the number of macrophages phagocytosed by FITC-labeled pathogens was measured with a flow cytometer.
- Table 1 shows the measurement results of alveolar macrophage activity, total IgA concentration and total IgG concentration in blood at autopsy.
- the measurement results for leukocytes, lymphocytes and lymphocyte surface markers in blood are shown in Tables 2-1 to 2-3.
- the measurement results for leukocytes, lymphocytes and lymphocyte surface markers in splenocytes are shown in Tables 3-1 to 3-3.
- the phagocytic ability of alveolar macrophages tended to be activated by feeding RNAM or nucleotides.
- the total IgG concentration in plasma also tended to be enhanced by feeding RNAM or nucleotides.
- the number of CD3 + CD4 + CD8 + cells which is an index of mature T lymphocytes, is RNAM or even in lymphocytes in blood and spleen. The value was increased by feeding nucleotides, and the CD21 + cell number, which is an index of B cells, also tended to be increased.
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Abstract
The present invention addresses the problem of providing a feed additive, feed, and a pig production method that can contribute to the rearing of healthy pigs with as little reliance on chemicals, such as antibiotics and vaccines, as possible. According to the present invention, a nucleic acid ingredient is used as an immunoactive feed additive for pigs. A pig feed is made by adding the feed additive to principal feed that includes plant-based feed and/or animal-based feed. The feed additive is added such that the ratio of the weight of the nucleic acid ingredient to the weight of the principal feed is 0.01%–5.00% (W/W).
Description
本発明は、豚の飼育に適した飼料添加剤および飼料、ならびにこれらを用いた豚の生産方法に関する。
The present invention relates to feed additives and feeds suitable for raising pigs, and methods for producing pigs using these.
一般的に、豚用の飼料としては、いわゆる配合飼料が用いられている。配合飼料は、豚の生育を促進し、且つ、健康な豚を飼育するために、さまざまな成分が工夫されて配合されている。
Generally, so-called compound feed is used as feed for pigs. The compound feed contains various ingredients devised in order to promote the growth of pigs and raise healthy pigs.
養豚を含む畜産業では、病気を防ぐ観点から、抗生物質などの薬剤を投与することが知られている。しかし、抗生物質は養豚用としては高価なものが多く、生産コストを上昇させる一因となる。また、抗生物質は、使用を継続するうちにウイルスや菌などが薬剤耐性を獲得して効果が失われる可能性がある。さらに、人の食品となる豚に対し抗生物質を飼料に配合して大量に摂食させることについては、人に対する影響について懸念の声もある。
In the livestock industry including pig farming, it is known to administer drugs such as antibiotics from the viewpoint of preventing diseases. However, many antibiotics are expensive for pig farming, which contributes to an increase in production costs. In addition, as antibiotics continue to be used, viruses and fungi may acquire drug resistance and lose their effects. In addition, there are concerns about the impact on humans of feeding large amounts of antibiotics in feeds for pigs, which are human food.
感染症等の予防のためワクチンを接種することもある。しかし、ワクチンもまた養豚用としては高価なものが多く、しかも接種には多大な労力がかかる。さらにワクチンは、菌株の違いなどによって、効果がないか効果が乏しい場合がある。
Vaccines may be given to prevent infectious diseases. However, many vaccines are also expensive for pig farming, and inoculation requires a great deal of labor. Furthermore, vaccines may be ineffective or ineffective due to differences in strains.
以上のように、病害対策として抗生物質やワクチンなどの薬剤利用がなされており、一定の有用性はあるものの、このような薬剤にできるだけ依存しないようにすることが求められている。
As described above, drugs such as antibiotics and vaccines are used as a disease control, and although they have a certain degree of usefulness, it is required to be as independent as possible from such drugs.
抗生物質やワクチンにできるだけ依存せずに病気を予防するための他の手段が提案されている。例えば、ラクトバチルス・カゼイの菌体を有効成分とする養豚飼料用補助剤を飼料に配合することが提案されている（例えば、特許文献１）。また、所定の中鎖脂肪酸を細胞性免疫活性化剤として豚用飼料に配合することが提案されている（例えば、特許文献２）。
Other measures have been proposed to prevent the disease as little as possible depending on antibiotics and vaccines. For example, it has been proposed to add an auxiliary agent for pig feed containing Lactobacillus casei as an active ingredient to the feed (for example, Patent Document 1). Further, it has been proposed to add a predetermined medium-chain fatty acid as a cell-mediated immune activator to pig feed (for example, Patent Document 2).
また、飼料効率を向上させるために、家畜に核酸を投与することが提案されている（例えば、特許文献３）。飼料効率の改善により、体重増加などの効果を得ることができる。
Further, it has been proposed to administer nucleic acid to livestock in order to improve feed efficiency (for example, Patent Document 3). By improving the feed efficiency, effects such as weight gain can be obtained.
以上のように、病気の予防や飼料効率の向上などの観点から豚用の飼料に様々な成分を配合することが試みられてきた。しかしながら、豚において、核酸の給与と免疫性との関係については明らかになっていなかった。
As described above, it has been attempted to add various ingredients to the feed for pigs from the viewpoint of preventing diseases and improving feed efficiency. However, the relationship between nucleic acid feeding and immunity in pigs has not been clarified.
以上のような状況に鑑み、本発明は、抗生物質やワクチンなどの薬剤にできるだけ依存することなく、健康な豚の飼育に寄与することができる飼料添加剤、飼料および豚の生産方法を提供することを課題とする。
In view of the above circumstances, the present invention provides a feed additive, a feed and a method for producing pigs, which can contribute to the breeding of healthy pigs with as little dependence as possible on drugs such as antibiotics and vaccines. That is the issue.
本発明者等は、鋭意研究の結果、下記の手段によって上記課題を解決できることを見出し、本願発明を完成させるに至った。
〔１〕核酸成分を含む、豚の免疫活性化用の飼料添加剤。
〔２〕前記核酸成分が、リボ核酸および／またはヌクレオチドを含む、上記〔１〕に記載の飼料添加剤。
〔３〕植物性飼料および／または動物性飼料を含む主飼料と、上記〔１〕または〔２〕に記載の飼料添加剤とを含む、豚用飼料であって、
当該豚用飼料中、前記飼料添加剤に由来する核酸成分は、前記主飼料に対する前記核酸成分の重量比率が０．０１～５．００％（Ｗ／Ｗ）となるように配合されている、豚用飼料。
〔４〕豚の免疫活性化用である、上記〔３〕に記載の飼料。
〔５〕離乳後の豚に給与用である、上記〔３〕または〔４〕に記載の飼料。
〔６〕植物性飼料および／または動物性飼料を含む主飼料と、上記〔１〕または〔２〕に記載の飼料添加剤とを併用して給与する豚の生産方法であって、給与される前記主飼料に対する前記飼料添加剤に由来する核酸成分の重量比率が０．０１～５．００％（Ｗ／Ｗ）となるように前記飼料添加剤を給与する、豚の生産方法。
〔７〕離乳期またはそれ以後の豚に、前記飼料添加剤を給与する、上記〔６〕に記載の豚の生産方法。 As a result of diligent research, the present inventors have found that the above problems can be solved by the following means, and have completed the present invention.
[1] A feed additive for porcine immunity activation containing a nucleic acid component.
[2] The feed additive according to the above [1], wherein the nucleic acid component contains ribonucleic acid and / or nucleotides.
[3] A pig feed containing a main feed containing a vegetable feed and / or an animal feed and the feed additive according to the above [1] or [2].
In the pig feed, the nucleic acid component derived from the feed additive is blended so that the weight ratio of the nucleic acid component to the main feed is 0.01 to 5.00% (W / W). Feed for pigs.
[4] The feed according to the above [3], which is used for immune activation of pigs.
[5] The feed according to the above [3] or [4], which is used for feeding pigs after weaning.
[6] A pig production method in which a main feed containing a vegetable feed and / or an animal feed is fed in combination with the feed additive according to the above [1] or [2]. A method for producing pigs, wherein the feed additive is fed so that the weight ratio of the nucleic acid component derived from the feed additive to the main feed is 0.01 to 5.00% (W / W).
[7] The method for producing pigs according to the above [6], wherein the feed additive is fed to pigs during or after the weaning period.
〔１〕核酸成分を含む、豚の免疫活性化用の飼料添加剤。
〔２〕前記核酸成分が、リボ核酸および／またはヌクレオチドを含む、上記〔１〕に記載の飼料添加剤。
〔３〕植物性飼料および／または動物性飼料を含む主飼料と、上記〔１〕または〔２〕に記載の飼料添加剤とを含む、豚用飼料であって、
当該豚用飼料中、前記飼料添加剤に由来する核酸成分は、前記主飼料に対する前記核酸成分の重量比率が０．０１～５．００％（Ｗ／Ｗ）となるように配合されている、豚用飼料。
〔４〕豚の免疫活性化用である、上記〔３〕に記載の飼料。
〔５〕離乳後の豚に給与用である、上記〔３〕または〔４〕に記載の飼料。
〔６〕植物性飼料および／または動物性飼料を含む主飼料と、上記〔１〕または〔２〕に記載の飼料添加剤とを併用して給与する豚の生産方法であって、給与される前記主飼料に対する前記飼料添加剤に由来する核酸成分の重量比率が０．０１～５．００％（Ｗ／Ｗ）となるように前記飼料添加剤を給与する、豚の生産方法。
〔７〕離乳期またはそれ以後の豚に、前記飼料添加剤を給与する、上記〔６〕に記載の豚の生産方法。 As a result of diligent research, the present inventors have found that the above problems can be solved by the following means, and have completed the present invention.
[1] A feed additive for porcine immunity activation containing a nucleic acid component.
[2] The feed additive according to the above [1], wherein the nucleic acid component contains ribonucleic acid and / or nucleotides.
[3] A pig feed containing a main feed containing a vegetable feed and / or an animal feed and the feed additive according to the above [1] or [2].
In the pig feed, the nucleic acid component derived from the feed additive is blended so that the weight ratio of the nucleic acid component to the main feed is 0.01 to 5.00% (W / W). Feed for pigs.
[4] The feed according to the above [3], which is used for immune activation of pigs.
[5] The feed according to the above [3] or [4], which is used for feeding pigs after weaning.
[6] A pig production method in which a main feed containing a vegetable feed and / or an animal feed is fed in combination with the feed additive according to the above [1] or [2]. A method for producing pigs, wherein the feed additive is fed so that the weight ratio of the nucleic acid component derived from the feed additive to the main feed is 0.01 to 5.00% (W / W).
[7] The method for producing pigs according to the above [6], wherein the feed additive is fed to pigs during or after the weaning period.
本発明によれば、簡便に豚の免疫を活性化し、健康な豚の飼育に寄与することができる。
According to the present invention, it is possible to easily activate the immunity of pigs and contribute to the breeding of healthy pigs.
以下、本発明の実施形態について説明する。なお、特に断りない限り、数値範囲について「ＡＡ～ＢＢ」という記載は、「ＡＡ以上、ＢＢ以下」であることを示す（ここで、「ＡＡ」および「ＢＢ」は任意の数値を示す）。また、下限および上限の単位は、特に断りない限り、後者（すなわち、ここでは「ＢＢ」）の直後に付された単位と同じである。
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described. Unless otherwise specified, the description of "AA to BB" in the numerical range indicates "AA or more and BB or less" (here, "AA" and "BB" indicate arbitrary numerical values). Moreover, the unit of the lower limit and the upper limit is the same as the unit attached immediately after the latter (that is, "BB" here) unless otherwise specified.
１．飼料添加剤
本発明の飼料添加剤は、核酸成分を有効成分として含む。本発明の飼料添加剤に含まれる核酸成分は、核酸またはその構成単位であるヌクレオチドでありうる。核酸成分を構成する糖の種類は、デオキシリボースおよびリボースのいずれでもよい。すなわち、核酸成分はデオキシリボ核酸（ＤＮＡ）およびリボ核酸（ＲＮＡ）のいずれでもよい。核酸成分を構成する塩基の種類としては、主にアデニン、グアニン、チミン、シトシン、ウラシルが挙げられ、すなわち核酸成分を構成するヌクレオシドの種類としては、アデノシン、グアノシン、シチジン、ウリジン、チミジン、が挙げられる。ヌクレオチドを構成するリン酸は、一リン酸であっても、複数のリン酸で構成されていてもよい。核酸成分として、市販品を用いてもよい。核酸成分は、１種を単独で配合してもよいし、複数種を混合して配合してもよい。核酸成分としては、好ましくは、リボ核酸およびヌクレオチドを用いうる。リボ核酸およびヌクレオチドは、いずれか一方を単独で用いてもよいし、双方を用いてもよい。 1. 1. Feed additive The feed additive of the present invention contains a nucleic acid component as an active ingredient. The nucleic acid component contained in the feed additive of the present invention may be a nucleic acid or a nucleotide which is a constituent unit thereof. The type of sugar constituting the nucleic acid component may be either deoxyribose or ribose. That is, the nucleic acid component may be either deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) or ribonucleic acid (RNA). The types of bases constituting the nucleic acid component mainly include adenine, guanine, thymine, cytosine, and uracil, that is, the types of nucleosides constituting the nucleic acid component include adenine, guanosine, cytosine, uridine, and thymidine. Be done. The phosphoric acid constituting the nucleotide may be monophosphoric acid or may be composed of a plurality of phosphoric acids. A commercially available product may be used as the nucleic acid component. As the nucleic acid component, one type may be blended alone, or a plurality of kinds may be mixed and blended. As the nucleic acid component, ribonucleic acid and nucleotides can be preferably used. Either one of the ribonucleic acid and the nucleotide may be used alone, or both may be used.
本発明の飼料添加剤は、核酸成分を有効成分として含む。本発明の飼料添加剤に含まれる核酸成分は、核酸またはその構成単位であるヌクレオチドでありうる。核酸成分を構成する糖の種類は、デオキシリボースおよびリボースのいずれでもよい。すなわち、核酸成分はデオキシリボ核酸（ＤＮＡ）およびリボ核酸（ＲＮＡ）のいずれでもよい。核酸成分を構成する塩基の種類としては、主にアデニン、グアニン、チミン、シトシン、ウラシルが挙げられ、すなわち核酸成分を構成するヌクレオシドの種類としては、アデノシン、グアノシン、シチジン、ウリジン、チミジン、が挙げられる。ヌクレオチドを構成するリン酸は、一リン酸であっても、複数のリン酸で構成されていてもよい。核酸成分として、市販品を用いてもよい。核酸成分は、１種を単独で配合してもよいし、複数種を混合して配合してもよい。核酸成分としては、好ましくは、リボ核酸およびヌクレオチドを用いうる。リボ核酸およびヌクレオチドは、いずれか一方を単独で用いてもよいし、双方を用いてもよい。 1. 1. Feed additive The feed additive of the present invention contains a nucleic acid component as an active ingredient. The nucleic acid component contained in the feed additive of the present invention may be a nucleic acid or a nucleotide which is a constituent unit thereof. The type of sugar constituting the nucleic acid component may be either deoxyribose or ribose. That is, the nucleic acid component may be either deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) or ribonucleic acid (RNA). The types of bases constituting the nucleic acid component mainly include adenine, guanine, thymine, cytosine, and uracil, that is, the types of nucleosides constituting the nucleic acid component include adenine, guanosine, cytosine, uridine, and thymidine. Be done. The phosphoric acid constituting the nucleotide may be monophosphoric acid or may be composed of a plurality of phosphoric acids. A commercially available product may be used as the nucleic acid component. As the nucleic acid component, one type may be blended alone, or a plurality of kinds may be mixed and blended. As the nucleic acid component, ribonucleic acid and nucleotides can be preferably used. Either one of the ribonucleic acid and the nucleotide may be used alone, or both may be used.
核酸成分の由来は特に制限はなく、人工合成したものでもよいし、天然物由来のものであってもよい。例えば、酵母などの微生物から抽出または精製したものを用いてもよい。このように合成、抽出または精製した核酸成分は、豚が摂食した際に、吸収されやすい形態とすることができる。廃材とされた生物資源、例えば廃材とされた木材に含まれる木質糖分を用いて酵母などの微生物を増殖し、核酸成分を得て、本発明の飼料添加物として配合して用いることにより、廃材とされていたものを有用物質に転換することができ、持続可能な循環型社会の形成に寄与することができる。
The origin of the nucleic acid component is not particularly limited and may be artificially synthesized or derived from a natural product. For example, those extracted or purified from microorganisms such as yeast may be used. The nucleic acid component thus synthesized, extracted or purified can be in a form that is easily absorbed when the pig eats it. By using biological resources as waste materials, for example, wood sugar contained in wood as waste materials, microorganisms such as yeast are propagated to obtain nucleic acid components, which are blended and used as feed additives of the present invention, waste materials are used. It is possible to convert what was supposed to be a useful substance and contribute to the formation of a sustainable recycling-oriented society.
飼料添加剤は、一般に添加剤として採用される形態でありうる。飼料添加剤の形態としては、例えば、粉体、顆粒、マッシュ、ペレット、クランブル、およびフレークなどが挙げられる。飼料添加剤の形態は、単一形態であってもよいし、上記のような形態のうちの２つ以上の形態のものの混合形態、例えば、ペレットとフレークの混合物、マッシュとペレットの混合物など、としてもよい。本発明の飼料添加剤には、必要に応じ任意成分として、水分、油分、ｐＨ調整剤、酸化防止剤、防腐剤、色材、香料、賦形剤、ビタミン類、ホルモン類、アミノ酸類、抗生物質、抗菌剤などを配合してもよい。
The feed additive may be in a form generally adopted as an additive. Forms of feed additives include, for example, powders, granules, mashes, pellets, crumbles, flakes and the like. The form of the feed additive may be a single form or a mixed form of two or more forms as described above, such as a mixture of pellets and flakes, a mixture of mash and pellets, etc. May be. The feed additive of the present invention contains water, oil, a pH adjuster, an antioxidant, a preservative, a coloring material, a fragrance, an excipient, vitamins, hormones, amino acids, and antibiotics as optional components as required. A substance, an antibacterial agent, or the like may be blended.
２．飼料
本発明の豚用飼料は、植物性飼料および／または動物性飼料を含む主飼料と、上記本発明の飼料添加剤とを含む。飼料添加剤は、当該飼料添加剤に由来する核酸成分の主飼料に対する重量比率が０．０１～５．００％（Ｗ／Ｗ）となるように、豚用飼料中に配合される。 2. 2. Feed The pig feed of the present invention includes a main feed containing a vegetable feed and / or an animal feed, and the feed additive of the present invention. The feed additive is blended in the pig feed so that the weight ratio of the nucleic acid component derived from the feed additive to the main feed is 0.01 to 5.00% (W / W).
本発明の豚用飼料は、植物性飼料および／または動物性飼料を含む主飼料と、上記本発明の飼料添加剤とを含む。飼料添加剤は、当該飼料添加剤に由来する核酸成分の主飼料に対する重量比率が０．０１～５．００％（Ｗ／Ｗ）となるように、豚用飼料中に配合される。 2. 2. Feed The pig feed of the present invention includes a main feed containing a vegetable feed and / or an animal feed, and the feed additive of the present invention. The feed additive is blended in the pig feed so that the weight ratio of the nucleic acid component derived from the feed additive to the main feed is 0.01 to 5.00% (W / W).
主飼料は、植物性飼料および／または動物性飼料を含む。植物性飼料は、植物由来の飼料であり、例えば、トウモロコシ、マイロ、大麦、小麦、キャッサバ、米ぬか、ふすま、大豆かす、菜種かす、米、米ぬか、およびビート、並びにこれらの加工品などが挙げられる。また、動物性飼料は、動物由来の飼料であり、例えば、魚粉、ポークミール、チキンミール、脱脂粉乳、および濃縮ホエーなどが挙げられる。これらは一種を単独で用いてもよいし、混合して用いてもよい。
The main feed includes vegetable feed and / or animal feed. The vegetable feed is a feed derived from plants, and examples thereof include corn, mylo, barley, wheat, cassava, rice bran, bran, soybean meal, rapeseed meal, rice, rice bran, and beet, and processed products thereof. .. The animal feed is an animal-derived feed, and examples thereof include fish meal, pork meal, chicken meal, skim milk powder, and concentrated whey. These may be used alone or in combination.
本発明の豚用飼料または主飼料は、植物性飼料および動物性飼料の他に、例えば炭酸カルシウムなどの無機成分を含んでいてもよい。主飼料は、養豚用に一般に用いられている混合飼料、配合飼料、または粗飼料などを用いてもよい。また、本発明の豚用飼料または主飼料には、必要に応じ任意成分として、水分、油分、ｐＨ調整剤、酸化防止剤、防腐剤、色材、香料、賦形剤、ビタミン類、ホルモン類、アミノ酸類、抗生物質、抗菌剤などを配合してもよい。
The pig feed or main feed of the present invention may contain an inorganic component such as calcium carbonate in addition to the vegetable feed and the animal feed. As the main feed, a mixed feed, a mixed feed, a roughage or the like generally used for pig farming may be used. Further, in the pig feed or main feed of the present invention, as necessary, water, oil, pH adjuster, antioxidant, preservative, coloring material, fragrance, excipient, vitamins, hormones, etc. , Amino acids, antibiotics, antibacterial agents and the like may be blended.
飼料添加剤により添加される核酸成分の下限量は、主飼料に対する重量比率として、少なくとも０．０１％（Ｗ／Ｗ）以上であり、好ましくは０．０３％（Ｗ／Ｗ）以上であり、より好ましくは０．０４％（Ｗ／Ｗ）以上であり、さらに好ましくは０．０５％（Ｗ／Ｗ）以上である。飼料添加剤により添加される核酸成分の上限量は、主飼料に対する重量比率として、高々５．００％（Ｗ／Ｗ）であり、好ましくは３．００％（Ｗ／Ｗ）以下であり、より好ましくは２．００％（Ｗ／Ｗ）以下であり、さらに好ましくは１．００％（Ｗ／Ｗ）以下である。このような下限より少ない場合には、飼料添加剤を添加した効果が現れにくい。他方、このような上限を超えると、かえって炎症反応を活性化させすぎる可能性があり、体重の増加や小腸絨毛高さなどについて、好ましくない影響がでることがありうる。
The lower limit of the nucleic acid component added by the feed additive is at least 0.01% (W / W) or more, preferably 0.03% (W / W) or more as a weight ratio with respect to the main feed. It is more preferably 0.04% (W / W) or more, and further preferably 0.05% (W / W) or more. The upper limit of the amount of the nucleic acid component added by the feed additive is at most 5.00% (W / W), preferably 3.00% (W / W) or less, as a weight ratio with respect to the main feed. It is preferably 2.00% (W / W) or less, and more preferably 1.00% (W / W) or less. When it is less than such a lower limit, the effect of adding the feed additive is unlikely to appear. On the other hand, if such an upper limit is exceeded, the inflammatory reaction may be activated too much, which may have an unfavorable effect on weight gain, small intestinal villus height, and the like.
本発明の豚用飼料は、豚の免疫活性化用の飼料添加剤を配合するため、豚の免疫活性化用の飼料としてもよい。本発明の豚用飼料によれば、飼料を与えるという豚の飼育において必須の工程を行うことに伴って、簡便に豚の免疫を活性化することができ、健康な豚の飼育に寄与することができる。また、このような手法によって豚の免疫を活性化できるため、抗生物質やワクチンに頼る必要性を低減または不要にすることができる。
Since the pig feed of the present invention contains a feed additive for pig immunity activation, it may be used as a feed for pig immunity activation. According to the pig feed of the present invention, the immunity of pigs can be easily activated by performing the essential step in pig breeding of feeding, which contributes to the breeding of healthy pigs. Can be done. In addition, since the immunity of pigs can be activated by such a method, the need to rely on antibiotics and vaccines can be reduced or eliminated.
本発明の豚用飼料の給与は豚の成育段階のどの段階でも行いうるが、好ましくは、離乳期またはそれ以後の豚に給与される。本発明の豚用飼料は、全身性の免疫を効果的に活性化しうると考えられる。一般に、離乳直後の豚は、肺炎などの全身性の細菌性疾患に罹ることは希であり、もっぱら腸管感染症に罹患することが多い。したがって、本発明の豚用飼料は、全身性の疾患に罹りやすくなる離乳後期から供与し始めることが好ましい。
The feed for pigs of the present invention can be fed at any stage of the growth stage of pigs, but is preferably fed to pigs during the weaning period or later. It is believed that the pig feed of the present invention can effectively activate systemic immunity. In general, pigs immediately after weaning rarely suffer from systemic bacterial diseases such as pneumonia, and often suffer exclusively from intestinal infections. Therefore, it is preferable to start feeding the pig feed of the present invention from the late weaning stage when the pig feed is susceptible to systemic diseases.
３．豚の生産方法
本発明の他の一実施形態として、上記本発明の飼料添加剤を用いた豚の生産方法が提供される。 3. 3. Pig Production Method As another embodiment of the present invention, a pig production method using the feed additive of the present invention is provided.
本発明の他の一実施形態として、上記本発明の飼料添加剤を用いた豚の生産方法が提供される。 3. 3. Pig Production Method As another embodiment of the present invention, a pig production method using the feed additive of the present invention is provided.
本発明の豚の生産方法では、植物性飼料および／または動物性飼料を含む主飼料と、核酸成分を含む飼料添加剤とを併用して給与する。ここで、「併用」との用語は、（１）飼料添加剤と主飼料とを別々に給与する形態と、（２）飼料添加剤と主飼料とを混合し、混合肥料（または配合肥料）として給与する形態の双方を含む意味で用いる。飼料添加剤と主飼料とを別々に用いる場合において、それぞれを給与するタイミングは、同じであってもよいし、異なっていてもよい。
In the pig production method of the present invention, a main feed containing a vegetable feed and / or an animal feed and a feed additive containing a nucleic acid component are fed in combination. Here, the term "combination" refers to (1) a form in which the feed additive and the main feed are fed separately, and (2) a mixed fertilizer (or compound fertilizer) in which the feed additive and the main feed are mixed. It is used in the sense that it includes both forms of salary. When the feed additive and the main feed are used separately, the timing of feeding each of them may be the same or different.
飼料添加剤は、給与される主飼料に対する核酸成分の重量比率として、総じて、０．０１～５．００％（Ｗ／Ｗ）となるように給与される。好ましくは、１日の中での給与、より好ましくは毎回の給与において、当該比率で給与する。
The feed additive is fed so that the weight ratio of the nucleic acid component to the main feed to be fed is generally 0.01 to 5.00% (W / W). Preferably, the daily salary, more preferably each salary, is paid at the ratio.
主飼料の重量に対する核酸成分の重量の好ましい比率については、上記本発明の豚用飼料にて説明した数値と同様である。また、本発明の豚の生産方法は、上記本発明の豚用飼料のところで説明したのと同様に、離乳期またはそれ以後の豚に対して好適である。
The preferable ratio of the weight of the nucleic acid component to the weight of the main feed is the same as the value described for the pig feed of the present invention. In addition, the method for producing pigs of the present invention is suitable for pigs during the weaning period or later, as described above for the pig feed of the present invention.
以下に実施例を挙げて本発明について具体的に説明するが、本発明の技術的範囲が下記の実施例に限定されるものではない。
The present invention will be specifically described below with reference to examples, but the technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
核酸成分を離乳期の仔豚へ投与して、免疫活性効果について検討を行うために、以下の実験を行った。
The following experiment was conducted to examine the immunostimulatory effect by administering the nucleic acid component to weaning piglets.
＜１．供試動物＞
一般的な一貫経営農場で飼育されている交雑種仔豚（２１日齢）、１２頭（雌雄各６頭）を供試動物として用いた。 <1. Test animal>
Hybrid piglets (21 days old) and 12 (6 males and 6 females) bred on a general integrated farm were used as test animals.
一般的な一貫経営農場で飼育されている交雑種仔豚（２１日齢）、１２頭（雌雄各６頭）を供試動物として用いた。 <1. Test animal>
Hybrid piglets (21 days old) and 12 (6 males and 6 females) bred on a general integrated farm were used as test animals.
＜２．基礎飼料、添加飼料、および核酸成分＞
基礎飼料として、ＳＤＳ Ｎｏ．１（フィード・ワン社製）を用いた。
基礎飼料に所定量の核酸成分を配合して、添加飼料を用意した。基礎飼料に添加するＲＮＡとして、酵母由来の核酸であるＲＮＡ－Ｍ（日本製紙社製）を用いた。基礎飼料に添加するヌクレオチドとして、酵母由来の核酸であるＮＰＣ ヌクレオチド（日本製紙社製）を用いた。 <2. Basic feed, supplemental feed, and nucleic acid components>
As a basal feed, SDS No. 1 (manufactured by Feed One Co., Ltd.) was used.
An additive feed was prepared by blending a predetermined amount of nucleic acid components with the basal feed. As RNA to be added to the basal feed, RNA-M (manufactured by Nippon Paper Industries, Ltd.), which is a nucleic acid derived from yeast, was used. As the nucleotide added to the basal feed, NPC nucleotide (manufactured by Nippon Paper Industries, Ltd.), which is a nucleic acid derived from yeast, was used.
基礎飼料として、ＳＤＳ Ｎｏ．１（フィード・ワン社製）を用いた。
基礎飼料に所定量の核酸成分を配合して、添加飼料を用意した。基礎飼料に添加するＲＮＡとして、酵母由来の核酸であるＲＮＡ－Ｍ（日本製紙社製）を用いた。基礎飼料に添加するヌクレオチドとして、酵母由来の核酸であるＮＰＣ ヌクレオチド（日本製紙社製）を用いた。 <2. Basic feed, supplemental feed, and nucleic acid components>
As a basal feed, SDS No. 1 (manufactured by Feed One Co., Ltd.) was used.
An additive feed was prepared by blending a predetermined amount of nucleic acid components with the basal feed. As RNA to be added to the basal feed, RNA-M (manufactured by Nippon Paper Industries, Ltd.), which is a nucleic acid derived from yeast, was used. As the nucleotide added to the basal feed, NPC nucleotide (manufactured by Nippon Paper Industries, Ltd.), which is a nucleic acid derived from yeast, was used.
＜３．試験群＞
上記供試動物を、以下の１群から３群に分けて、試験に供試した。
１群：被験物質無給与の対照群、
２群：ＲＮＡＭ ０．１％添加飼料給与群
３群：ヌクレオチド ０．１％添加飼料給与群
計：３群×４頭 <3. Test group>
The test animals were divided into the following 1 to 3 groups and tested.
Group 1: Control group without test substance,
Group 2: RNAM 0.1% feed feed group 3 groups: Nucleotide 0.1% feed feed group Total: 3 groups x 4 heads
上記供試動物を、以下の１群から３群に分けて、試験に供試した。
１群：被験物質無給与の対照群、
２群：ＲＮＡＭ ０．１％添加飼料給与群
３群：ヌクレオチド ０．１％添加飼料給与群
計：３群×４頭 <3. Test group>
The test animals were divided into the following 1 to 3 groups and tested.
Group 1: Control group without test substance,
Group 2: RNAM 0.1% feed feed group 3 groups: Nucleotide 0.1% feed feed group Total: 3 groups x 4 heads
＜４．飼育＞
養豚場で飼育されている健康な１腹の母豚から、健康な哺乳期の２１日齢仔豚を６頭選抜した。導入時に体重測定を行い、体重及び性別が均一になるように配慮して、上述のように、２頭ずつ３群に群分けした。実験施設内に個体毎に飼育できる代謝ケージを設置し、その中に１頭ずつ収容して個体管理を行った。保温灯で温度管理した。導入時（試験開始後０日）から剖検時（試験開始後７日）まで各群所定の飼料を給餌した。飼料及び飲水は試験期間を通して自由摂取とした。 <4. Breeding>
Six 21-day-old piglets with a healthy lactation period were selected from one healthy lactating sow raised in a pig farm. Weight was measured at the time of introduction, and two animals were divided into three groups as described above in consideration of uniform weight and gender. A metabolic cage that can be bred for each individual was set up in the experimental facility, and one animal was housed in the cage to manage the individual. The temperature was controlled with a heat insulating lamp. From the time of introduction (0 days after the start of the test) to the time of autopsy (7 days after the start of the test), the prescribed feed for each group was fed. Feed and drinking water were free intake throughout the test period.
養豚場で飼育されている健康な１腹の母豚から、健康な哺乳期の２１日齢仔豚を６頭選抜した。導入時に体重測定を行い、体重及び性別が均一になるように配慮して、上述のように、２頭ずつ３群に群分けした。実験施設内に個体毎に飼育できる代謝ケージを設置し、その中に１頭ずつ収容して個体管理を行った。保温灯で温度管理した。導入時（試験開始後０日）から剖検時（試験開始後７日）まで各群所定の飼料を給餌した。飼料及び飲水は試験期間を通して自由摂取とした。 <4. Breeding>
Six 21-day-old piglets with a healthy lactation period were selected from one healthy lactating sow raised in a pig farm. Weight was measured at the time of introduction, and two animals were divided into three groups as described above in consideration of uniform weight and gender. A metabolic cage that can be bred for each individual was set up in the experimental facility, and one animal was housed in the cage to manage the individual. The temperature was controlled with a heat insulating lamp. From the time of introduction (0 days after the start of the test) to the time of autopsy (7 days after the start of the test), the prescribed feed for each group was fed. Feed and drinking water were free intake throughout the test period.
観察期間は試験開始後０から７日までとした。試験期間中は毎日臨床的な観察（元気、食欲、姿勢、下痢、死亡）及び飼料摂取量測定を行った。試験開始後０及び７日に体重を測定した。上記飼育終了後に、再度仔豚を６頭、同条件で導入し、反復試験を行った。
The observation period was from 0 to 7 days after the start of the test. During the study period, clinical observations (health, appetite, posture, diarrhea, death) and feed intake measurements were performed daily. Weight was measured 0 and 7 days after the start of the test. After the above breeding was completed, 6 piglets were introduced again under the same conditions, and repeated tests were conducted.
＜５．剖検＞
剖検直前に頸静脈から全頭採血を行った。 <5. Autopsy>
Immediately before autopsy, whole head blood was collected from the jugular vein.
剖検直前に頸静脈から全頭採血を行った。 <5. Autopsy>
Immediately before autopsy, whole head blood was collected from the jugular vein.
ペントバルビタールを過剰量注射後、開腹し、腹部大静脈からヘパリン血を採取した。その後、放血致死させた。開腹後、各臓器及び組織の異常を肉眼的に観察した。回腸、盲腸及び直腸内容物を採取した。肺、腎臓、肝臓、脾臓、腸間膜リンパ節及びその他異常部位を採取して１０％中性緩衝ホルマリンで固定した。また、小腸、肺洗浄液及び脾臓はＲＮＡ－ｌａｔｅｒに浸漬し、凍結保存した。
After injecting an excessive amount of pentobarbital, the abdomen was opened and heparin blood was collected from the abdominal vena cava. After that, he was exsanguinated. After laparotomy, abnormalities in each organ and tissue were visually observed. The contents of the ileum, cecum and rectum were collected. Lungs, kidneys, liver, spleen, mesenteric lymph nodes and other abnormal sites were collected and fixed with 10% neutral buffered formalin. The small intestine, lung lavage fluid and spleen were immersed in RNA-later and cryopreserved.
＜６．肺胞マクロファージ活性化＞
剖検時に肺胞洗浄液を採取した。採取後、即下記の操作を実施し、マクロファージ貪食活性について検討を行った。肺胞洗浄液中の生細胞数を１×１０6個／ｍＬとなるように２４穴プレートに播種した。同様にＦＩＴＣラベルしたＡ．ｐｒｅｕｒｏｐｎｅｕｍｏｎｉａｅ培養後加熱死菌体またはＳ．Ｃｈｏｌｅｒａｅｓｕｉｓ培養後加熱死菌体を終濃度で２００μｇ／ｍＬ添加した。添加しないＢｌａｎｋ区も設けた。培養は３反復で実施した。５％ＣＯ2インキュベーター内で４時間培養後、ＦＩＴＣラベルした病原菌を貪食したマクロファージ数をフローサイトメーターで計測した。 <6. Alveolar macrophage activation>
Alveolar lavage fluid was collected at autopsy. Immediately after collection, the following operations were carried out to examine the macrophage phagocytosis activity. The cells were seeded on a 24-well plate so that the number of viable cells in the alveolar lavage fluid was 1 × 10 6 cells / mL. Similarly, FITC-labeled A. After culturing pureuropneumoniae, heat-killed cells or S. cerevisiae. After culturing Choleraesus, 200 μg / mL of heat-killed cells was added at a final concentration. A Blank section without addition was also provided. The culture was carried out in 3 repetitions. After culturing in a 5% CO 2 incubator for 4 hours, the number of macrophages phagocytosed by FITC-labeled pathogens was measured with a flow cytometer.
剖検時に肺胞洗浄液を採取した。採取後、即下記の操作を実施し、マクロファージ貪食活性について検討を行った。肺胞洗浄液中の生細胞数を１×１０6個／ｍＬとなるように２４穴プレートに播種した。同様にＦＩＴＣラベルしたＡ．ｐｒｅｕｒｏｐｎｅｕｍｏｎｉａｅ培養後加熱死菌体またはＳ．Ｃｈｏｌｅｒａｅｓｕｉｓ培養後加熱死菌体を終濃度で２００μｇ／ｍＬ添加した。添加しないＢｌａｎｋ区も設けた。培養は３反復で実施した。５％ＣＯ2インキュベーター内で４時間培養後、ＦＩＴＣラベルした病原菌を貪食したマクロファージ数をフローサイトメーターで計測した。 <6. Alveolar macrophage activation>
Alveolar lavage fluid was collected at autopsy. Immediately after collection, the following operations were carried out to examine the macrophage phagocytosis activity. The cells were seeded on a 24-well plate so that the number of viable cells in the alveolar lavage fluid was 1 × 10 6 cells / mL. Similarly, FITC-labeled A. After culturing pureuropneumoniae, heat-killed cells or S. cerevisiae. After culturing Choleraesus, 200 μg / mL of heat-killed cells was added at a final concentration. A Blank section without addition was also provided. The culture was carried out in 3 repetitions. After culturing in a 5% CO 2 incubator for 4 hours, the number of macrophages phagocytosed by FITC-labeled pathogens was measured with a flow cytometer.
＜７．イムノグロブリン濃度の測定＞
剖検時の回腸および盲腸内容物中の総ＩｇＡ濃度をＥＬＩＳＡで測定した。剖検時血漿中の総ＩｇＧ濃度をＥＬＩＳＡで測定した。分析はＯｇａｗａ ｅｔ ａｌ．（２０１４）に準拠して行った。 <7. Measurement of immunoglobulin concentration>
Total IgA concentrations in the ileal and cecal contents at autopsy were measured by ELISA. The total IgG concentration in plasma at autopsy was measured by ELISA. The analysis was performed by Ogawa et al. This was done in accordance with (2014).
剖検時の回腸および盲腸内容物中の総ＩｇＡ濃度をＥＬＩＳＡで測定した。剖検時血漿中の総ＩｇＧ濃度をＥＬＩＳＡで測定した。分析はＯｇａｗａ ｅｔ ａｌ．（２０１４）に準拠して行った。 <7. Measurement of immunoglobulin concentration>
Total IgA concentrations in the ileal and cecal contents at autopsy were measured by ELISA. The total IgG concentration in plasma at autopsy was measured by ELISA. The analysis was performed by Ogawa et al. This was done in accordance with (2014).
＜８．成熟リンパ球の割合＞
剖検時に採取した血液及び一部の脾臓は、即下記の操作を実施した。
赤血球をＡＣＫ ｌｙｓｉｎｇ ｂｕｆｆｅｒを用いて除去し、ＨＢＳＳで２回洗浄後、ＲＰＭＩ １６４０培地に細胞を懸濁し、単位当たりの細胞数をカウントし、記録した（血液なら１ｍＬ中、脾臓なら１ｇ中）。適宜希釈後、ＣＤ３、ＣＤ４、ＣＤ８、ＣＤ２１抗体で染色し、各抗体の陽性細胞数を速やかにＢＤ ＡｃｃｕｒｉTM Ｃ６ フローサイトメーターで解析した。ＣＤ３＋ＣＤ４＋ＣＤ８＋陽性細胞割合が多いと、成熟したＴリンパ球が多いと判断できる。ＣＤ２１陽性細胞割合でＢ細胞割合が判る。 <8. Percentage of mature lymphocytes>
The blood and some spleens collected at the time of autopsy were immediately subjected to the following operations.
Erythrocytes were removed using an ACK lysing buffer, washed twice with HBSS, cells were suspended in RPMI 1640 medium, and the number of cells per unit was counted and recorded (1 mL for blood, 1 g for spleen). After appropriate dilution, the cells were stained with CD3, CD4, CD8, and CD21 antibodies, and the number of positive cells for each antibody was promptly analyzed with a BD Accuri TM C6 flow cytometer. When the ratio of CD3 + CD4 + CD8 + positive cells is high, it can be judged that there are many mature T lymphocytes. The B cell ratio can be determined from the CD21 positive cell ratio.
剖検時に採取した血液及び一部の脾臓は、即下記の操作を実施した。
赤血球をＡＣＫ ｌｙｓｉｎｇ ｂｕｆｆｅｒを用いて除去し、ＨＢＳＳで２回洗浄後、ＲＰＭＩ １６４０培地に細胞を懸濁し、単位当たりの細胞数をカウントし、記録した（血液なら１ｍＬ中、脾臓なら１ｇ中）。適宜希釈後、ＣＤ３、ＣＤ４、ＣＤ８、ＣＤ２１抗体で染色し、各抗体の陽性細胞数を速やかにＢＤ ＡｃｃｕｒｉTM Ｃ６ フローサイトメーターで解析した。ＣＤ３＋ＣＤ４＋ＣＤ８＋陽性細胞割合が多いと、成熟したＴリンパ球が多いと判断できる。ＣＤ２１陽性細胞割合でＢ細胞割合が判る。 <8. Percentage of mature lymphocytes>
The blood and some spleens collected at the time of autopsy were immediately subjected to the following operations.
Erythrocytes were removed using an ACK lysing buffer, washed twice with HBSS, cells were suspended in RPMI 1640 medium, and the number of cells per unit was counted and recorded (1 mL for blood, 1 g for spleen). After appropriate dilution, the cells were stained with CD3, CD4, CD8, and CD21 antibodies, and the number of positive cells for each antibody was promptly analyzed with a BD Accuri TM C6 flow cytometer. When the ratio of CD3 + CD4 + CD8 + positive cells is high, it can be judged that there are many mature T lymphocytes. The B cell ratio can be determined from the CD21 positive cell ratio.
剖検時血液中の肺胞マクロファージ活性、総ＩｇＡ濃度および総ＩｇＧ濃度についての測定結果を表１に示す。血液における白血球、リンパ球およびリンパ球表面マーカーについての測定結果を表２－１～２－３に示す。脾細胞における白血球、リンパ球およびリンパ球表面マーカーについての測定結果を表３－１～３－３に示す。
Table 1 shows the measurement results of alveolar macrophage activity, total IgA concentration and total IgG concentration in blood at autopsy. The measurement results for leukocytes, lymphocytes and lymphocyte surface markers in blood are shown in Tables 2-1 to 2-3. The measurement results for leukocytes, lymphocytes and lymphocyte surface markers in splenocytes are shown in Tables 3-1 to 3-3.
＜９．結果＞
表１に示されるように、肺胞マクロファージの貪食能は，ＲＮＡＭ又はヌクレオチドを給与することで活性化する傾向が認められた。また、血漿中の総ＩｇＧ濃度もＲＮＡＭ又はヌクレオチドを給与することで生産亢進する傾向が認められた。表２－１～表２－３、および表３－１～表３－３に示されるように、血液中及び脾臓中のリンパ球でも，成熟Ｔリンパ球の指標であるＣＤ３＋ＣＤ４＋ＣＤ８＋細胞数がＲＮＡＭ又はヌクレオチドを給与することで高値化しており、またＢ細胞の指標であるＣＤ２１＋細胞数も高値化する傾向を示した。 <9. Result>
As shown in Table 1, the phagocytic ability of alveolar macrophages tended to be activated by feeding RNAM or nucleotides. In addition, the total IgG concentration in plasma also tended to be enhanced by feeding RNAM or nucleotides. As shown in Tables 2-1 to 2-3 and Tables 3-1 to 3-3, the number of CD3 + CD4 + CD8 + cells, which is an index of mature T lymphocytes, is RNAM or even in lymphocytes in blood and spleen. The value was increased by feeding nucleotides, and the CD21 + cell number, which is an index of B cells, also tended to be increased.
表１に示されるように、肺胞マクロファージの貪食能は，ＲＮＡＭ又はヌクレオチドを給与することで活性化する傾向が認められた。また、血漿中の総ＩｇＧ濃度もＲＮＡＭ又はヌクレオチドを給与することで生産亢進する傾向が認められた。表２－１～表２－３、および表３－１～表３－３に示されるように、血液中及び脾臓中のリンパ球でも，成熟Ｔリンパ球の指標であるＣＤ３＋ＣＤ４＋ＣＤ８＋細胞数がＲＮＡＭ又はヌクレオチドを給与することで高値化しており、またＢ細胞の指標であるＣＤ２１＋細胞数も高値化する傾向を示した。 <9. Result>
As shown in Table 1, the phagocytic ability of alveolar macrophages tended to be activated by feeding RNAM or nucleotides. In addition, the total IgG concentration in plasma also tended to be enhanced by feeding RNAM or nucleotides. As shown in Tables 2-1 to 2-3 and Tables 3-1 to 3-3, the number of CD3 + CD4 + CD8 + cells, which is an index of mature T lymphocytes, is RNAM or even in lymphocytes in blood and spleen. The value was increased by feeding nucleotides, and the CD21 + cell number, which is an index of B cells, also tended to be increased.
Claims (7)
- 核酸成分を含む、豚の免疫活性化用の飼料添加剤。 A feed additive for porcine immunity activation that contains a nucleic acid component.
- 前記核酸成分が、リボ核酸および／またはヌクレオチドを含む、請求項１に記載の飼料添加剤。 The feed additive according to claim 1, wherein the nucleic acid component contains ribonucleic acid and / or nucleotides.
- 植物性飼料および／または動物性飼料を含む主飼料と、請求項１または２に記載の飼料添加剤とを含む、豚用飼料であって、
当該豚用飼料中、前記飼料添加剤に由来する核酸成分は、前記主飼料に対する前記核酸成分の重量比率が０．０１～５．００％（Ｗ／Ｗ）となるように配合されている、豚用飼料。 A pig feed comprising a main feed containing a vegetable feed and / or an animal feed and a feed additive according to claim 1 or 2.
In the pig feed, the nucleic acid component derived from the feed additive is blended so that the weight ratio of the nucleic acid component to the main feed is 0.01 to 5.00% (W / W). Feed for pigs. - 豚の免疫活性化用である、請求項３に記載の飼料。 The feed according to claim 3, which is used for activating the immunity of pigs.
- 離乳後の豚に給与用である、請求項３または４に記載の飼料。 The feed according to claim 3 or 4, which is for feeding pigs after weaning.
- 植物性飼料および／または動物性飼料を含む主飼料と、請求項１または２に記載の飼料添加剤とを併用して給与する豚の生産方法であって、給与される前記主飼料に対する前記飼料添加剤に由来する核酸成分の重量比率が０．０１～５．００％（Ｗ／Ｗ）となるように前記飼料添加剤を給与する、豚の生産方法。 A method for producing pigs, wherein a main feed containing a vegetable feed and / or an animal feed is fed in combination with the feed additive according to claim 1 or 2, and the feed for the main feed to be fed. A method for producing pigs, wherein the feed additive is fed so that the weight ratio of the nucleic acid component derived from the additive is 0.01 to 5.00% (W / W).
- 離乳期またはそれ以後の豚に、前記飼料添加剤を給与する、請求項６に記載の豚の生産方法。 The method for producing pigs according to claim 6, wherein the feed additive is fed to pigs during the weaning period or later.
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH07184595A (en) * | 1993-12-28 | 1995-07-25 | Nippon Paper Ind Co Ltd | Yeast extract composition and its production and feed containing the same |
| JP2001340055A (en) * | 2000-03-31 | 2001-12-11 | Nippon Paper Industries Co Ltd | Method for feeding livestock and poultry and artificial milk composition for feeding |
| JP2002045122A (en) * | 2000-05-26 | 2002-02-12 | Ajinomoto Co Inc | Feed for livestock |
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| JPH03266944A (en) * | 1990-03-19 | 1991-11-27 | Sanyo Kokusaku Pulp Co Ltd | Artificial milk composition for domestic animal and poultry and production thereof |
| JP4287763B2 (en) * | 2003-03-31 | 2009-07-01 | 株式会社興人 | Method for increasing the 5'-nucleotide content in sow milk, sow feed additive and sow feed |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH07184595A (en) * | 1993-12-28 | 1995-07-25 | Nippon Paper Ind Co Ltd | Yeast extract composition and its production and feed containing the same |
| JP2001340055A (en) * | 2000-03-31 | 2001-12-11 | Nippon Paper Industries Co Ltd | Method for feeding livestock and poultry and artificial milk composition for feeding |
| JP2002045122A (en) * | 2000-05-26 | 2002-02-12 | Ajinomoto Co Inc | Feed for livestock |
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