WO2020182099A1 - 一种pir传感器信号触发方法和装置 - Google Patents

一种pir传感器信号触发方法和装置 Download PDF

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WO2020182099A1
WO2020182099A1 PCT/CN2020/078459 CN2020078459W WO2020182099A1 WO 2020182099 A1 WO2020182099 A1 WO 2020182099A1 CN 2020078459 W CN2020078459 W CN 2020078459W WO 2020182099 A1 WO2020182099 A1 WO 2020182099A1
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pir sensor
voltage threshold
reaches
monitoring signal
signal generated
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French (fr)
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吴肇杰
黄海江
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Hangzhou Hikvision Digital Technology Co Ltd
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Hangzhou Hikvision Digital Technology Co Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING SYSTEMS, e.g. PERSONAL CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
    • G08B13/18—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength
    • G08B13/189—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems
    • G08B13/19—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems using infrared-radiation detection systems
    • G08B13/191—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems using infrared-radiation detection systems using pyroelectric sensor means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING SYSTEMS, e.g. PERSONAL CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B29/00—Checking or monitoring of signalling or alarm systems; Prevention or correction of operating errors, e.g. preventing unauthorised operation
    • G08B29/18—Prevention or correction of operating errors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING SYSTEMS, e.g. PERSONAL CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B29/00—Checking or monitoring of signalling or alarm systems; Prevention or correction of operating errors, e.g. preventing unauthorised operation
    • G08B29/18—Prevention or correction of operating errors
    • G08B29/185—Signal analysis techniques for reducing or preventing false alarms or for enhancing the reliability of the system

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of security technology, in particular to a method and device for triggering PIR sensor signals.
  • the working principle of the PIR (Passive Infrared Ray, pyroelectric infrared sensor) sensor is to focus the human body's thermal radiation on the pyroelectric element through a lens, so that the pyroelectric element changes in level with the change of the heat radiation.
  • the alarm in the installation environment of the PIR sensor can be realized. For example, when a person enters the monitoring area of the PIR sensor, the PIR sensor is prompted to produce a level change, and then an alarm is triggered by the level change of the PIR sensor.
  • the PIR sensor is a component that passively monitors the level of thermal radiation, when a heat source similar to human thermal radiation is generated in the area monitored by the PIR sensor, an alarm will be triggered falsely, which limits the application of the PIR sensor.
  • the heat radiation generated by non-human heat sources such as hot air has a wavelength similar to that of the human body. It can also be collected by the PIR sensor and output a level similar to or higher than that triggered by human heat radiation, so that when hot air blows through the PIR sensor, Make the PIR sensor trigger an alarm. Therefore, PIR sensors can hardly be used in outdoor environments.
  • the present application provides a PIR sensor signal triggering method and device to generate an accurate human body monitoring trigger signal based on the monitoring signal of the PIR sensor, and avoid false signal triggering caused by interference such as hot air.
  • a PIR sensor signal trigger method including:
  • the monitoring signal generated by the PIR sensor alternately reaches the first voltage threshold and the second voltage threshold.
  • a trigger signal is generated.
  • the PIR sensor is a bipolar PIR sensor.
  • the first voltage threshold is greater than the second voltage threshold
  • the duration of the preset time range belongs to a duration range of 2 seconds to 6 seconds.
  • the set number of times is 2 times, or 3 times, or 4 times.
  • the monitoring signal generated by the PIR sensor alternately reaches the first voltage threshold and the first voltage threshold within the preset time range that is counted when the monitoring signal generated by the PIR sensor reaches the first voltage threshold.
  • generating a trigger signal includes:
  • the monitoring signal generated by the PIR sensor reaches the first voltage threshold, whenever it is detected that the monitoring signal generated by the PIR sensor reaches the first voltage threshold, and In the previous count, it was detected that the monitoring signal generated by the PIR sensor reached the second voltage threshold, and the number of times the monitoring signal generated by the PIR sensor reached the threshold was increased by 1, and whenever the PIR was detected
  • the monitoring signal generated by the sensor reaches the second voltage threshold, and in the previous count, it was detected that the monitoring signal generated by the PIR sensor reached the first voltage threshold, and it was recorded that the monitoring signal generated by the PIR sensor reached
  • the number of thresholds is increased by one, and the number of times the monitoring signal generated by the PIR sensor reaches the threshold is the first time when starting to count and record;
  • a trigger signal is generated.
  • the PIR sensor signal triggering method and device of the present application uses the characteristics of different shapes of the human body and heat sources such as hot air to generate different waveforms for the PIR sensor, and is based on the waveform generated by the human body to the PIR sensor.
  • the monitoring signal generated by the PIR sensor reaches the first voltage threshold
  • the monitoring signal generated by the PIR sensor alternately reaches the first voltage threshold and
  • a trigger signal is generated, thereby realizing accurate identification of the human body waveform and signal triggering.
  • the waveform generated by the human body to the PIR sensor can alternately reach the first voltage threshold and the second voltage threshold within the preset time range, and the heat source such as hot air cannot alternately reach the first voltage threshold and the first voltage threshold within the preset time range.
  • Two voltage threshold setting times, through this voltage threshold setting, the recognition of the human body waveform is realized.
  • the PIR sensor signal trigger method and device of the present application can be applied to the existing bipolar PIR sensor equipment, and there is no need to modify the existing bipolar PIR sensor equipment, only the signal of the existing bipolar PIR sensor equipment
  • the output terminal can be connected to the device that realizes the PIR sensor signal trigger method and device function of the embodiment of the present application, and has high compatibility with the existing bipolar PIR sensor equipment, and there is no need for the existing bipolar PIR sensor equipment
  • the transformation saves the investment in the transformation of the existing bipolar PIR sensor equipment.
  • FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a method for triggering a PIR sensor signal according to an embodiment of the application
  • FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of a PIR sensor signal trigger device according to an embodiment of the application
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an existing bipolar PIR sensor device
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the waveform change of the existing bipolar PIR sensor equipment caused by hot air;
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the waveform changes caused by the human body to the existing bipolar PIR sensor equipment
  • FIG. 6 is the relationship between the voltage offset value, the first voltage threshold value and the second voltage threshold value set in the embodiment of the application;
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of recording X1 point when the interference waveform reaches the first voltage threshold in the embodiment of the application;
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of recording X2 points when the interference waveform reaches the second voltage threshold in the embodiment of the application;
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of recording X3 point when the interference waveform in the embodiment of the application reaches the first voltage threshold again;
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of recording X4 points when the interference waveform reaches the second voltage threshold again in the embodiment of the application;
  • FIG. 11 is a logic flow chart when the number of times n is set to 3 in an embodiment of the application.
  • the method for triggering a PIR sensor signal in an embodiment of the present application includes:
  • Step 1 Set the first voltage threshold and the second voltage threshold
  • Step 2 Within the preset time range when the monitoring signal generated by the PIR sensor reaches the first voltage threshold, the number of times the monitoring signal generated by the PIR sensor alternately reaches the first voltage threshold and the second voltage threshold reaches the set When the number of times, a trigger signal is generated.
  • the starting time of the preset time range is the time when the monitoring signal generated by the PIR sensor reaches the first voltage threshold.
  • the end time of the preset time range can be determined. For example, if the duration of the preset time range is 2 seconds, the end time of the preset time range is to start timing when the monitoring signal reaches the first voltage threshold The next 2 seconds correspond to the moment.
  • the setting of the first voltage threshold and the second voltage threshold ensures that the number of times that the waveform generated by the human body to the PIR sensor alternately reaches the first voltage threshold and the second voltage threshold within the preset time range can reach the set number of times; except for the human body
  • the waveform generated by other heat sources (such as hot air) to the PIR sensor cannot alternately reach the first voltage threshold and the second voltage threshold within the preset time range, and/or other heat sources other than the human body (such as hot air)
  • the number of times that the waveform generated by the PIR sensor alternately reaches the first voltage threshold and the second voltage threshold cannot reach the set number of times.
  • the trigger signal can be sent to multiple devices to trigger the operation of the corresponding device.
  • the trigger signal can be sent to the alarm device to trigger the alarm of the alarm device, and the trigger signal can also be sent to the light control device to trigger the lighting of the electric light.
  • the PIR sensor may be a bipolar PIR sensor.
  • the monitoring signal generated by the PIR sensor is generated by the PIR sensor and amplified by an operational amplifier circuit electrically connected to the PIR sensor.
  • the first voltage threshold is greater than the second voltage threshold; or, the first voltage threshold is less than the second voltage threshold.
  • the duration of the preset time range is 2 seconds
  • the monitoring signal generated by the PIR sensor alternately reaches the first voltage within 2 seconds from the moment when the monitoring signal generated by the PIR sensor reaches the first voltage threshold.
  • the number of thresholds and the second voltage threshold reaches the set number of times.
  • the length of the preset time range is 6 seconds
  • the monitoring signal generated by the PIR sensor alternately reaches the first voltage within 6 seconds from the moment when the monitoring signal generated by the PIR sensor reaches the first voltage threshold. Whether the number of thresholds and the second voltage threshold reaches the set number of times.
  • the set number of times is 2, or 3 times, or 4 times.
  • the set number of times is 2, it can be detected that the monitoring signal generated by the PIR sensor alternately reaches the first voltage threshold within the preset time range from the moment the monitoring signal generated by the PIR sensor reaches the first voltage threshold. And the number of times the second voltage threshold has reached 2 times.
  • the set number of times is 4, it can be detected that the monitoring signal generated by the PIR sensor alternately reaches the first voltage threshold within the preset time range from the moment when the monitoring signal generated by the PIR sensor reaches the first voltage threshold. And the number of times the second voltage threshold has reached 4 times.
  • the current timing time When it is detected that the monitoring signal generated by the PIR sensor reaches the second voltage threshold, if the current timing time does not reach 6 seconds, the number of times the monitoring signal generated by the PIR sensor reaches the threshold can be recorded as the second time. If the current timing time When it reaches 6 seconds, you can stop timing and counting.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a PIR sensor signal triggering device, as shown in FIG. 2, including a setting module 11, a recording module 12 and a signal triggering module 13.
  • the setting module 11 is used to set the first voltage threshold and the second voltage threshold.
  • the recording module 12 is used for recording the number of times that the monitoring signal generated by the PIR sensor reaches the first voltage threshold and the second voltage threshold alternately within the preset time range when the monitoring signal generated by the PIR sensor reaches the first voltage threshold.
  • the signal trigger module 13 is used to generate a trigger signal when the number of times the monitoring signal generated by the PIR sensor recorded by the recording module 12 alternately reaches the first voltage threshold and the second voltage threshold reaches a set number of times.
  • the thermal radiation emitted from the outside passes through the optical assembly 21 and is focused on the first pyroelectric element 221 and the second pyroelectric element 222.
  • the thermal radiation energy received by the first pyroelectric element 221 and the second pyroelectric element 222 is At the same time, the energies cancel each other out, so that no electrical signal output is generated, and the source S of the MOS transistor 23 only outputs the voltage of the bias value.
  • the signal amplified by the operational amplifier 24 is defined as a PIR sensor The generated monitoring signal.
  • the embodiment of this application is based on the difference in the characteristics of the interference waveform formed by the human body and the hot air on the bipolar PIR sensor device, especially the trigger signal is generated based on the characteristics of the interference waveform formed by the human body on the bipolar PIR sensor device.
  • the embodiment mainly includes the following steps.
  • the interference waveform signal formed by the PIR sensor device is an AC signal with a bias. First, determine the voltage bias value V 0 of the signal.
  • the first voltage threshold V 1 is higher than the voltage offset value V 0
  • the second voltage threshold V 2 is lower than the voltage offset value V 0
  • the first voltage threshold V 1 may be lower than the voltage offset value V 0
  • the second voltage threshold V 2 may be higher than the voltage offset value V 0 .
  • FIG. 11 shows a logic flow chart when the number of times n is set to 3 in an embodiment of the present application, and the flow includes:
  • Step a start sampling, then go to step b or step b';
  • Step b Judge whether the interference waveform reaches the first voltage threshold, if yes, go to step c, otherwise return to step a;
  • Step c record X 1 point, then go to step d;
  • Step d continue sampling, and enter step e;
  • Step e Judge whether the interference waveform reaches the second voltage threshold, if yes, go to step f, otherwise go to step k;
  • Step f record X 2 points, then go to step g;
  • Step g continue sampling, and enter step h;
  • Step h judge whether the interference waveform reaches the first voltage threshold, if yes, go to step i, otherwise go to step l;
  • Step i record X 3 points, then go to step j;
  • Step j Generate a trigger signal and start the next cycle
  • Step k Judge whether the timing time reaches the set time range T, if it is, the loop ends, otherwise it returns to step d;
  • Step 1 Determine whether the timing time reaches the set time range T, if it is, the loop ends, otherwise it returns to step g;
  • Step b' judge whether the interference waveform reaches the second voltage threshold, if yes, go to step c', otherwise return to step a;
  • Step c' record X 1 point, then go to step d';
  • Step d' continue sampling, and enter step e';
  • Step e' judge whether the interference waveform reaches the first voltage threshold, if yes, go to step f', otherwise go to step k';
  • Step f' record X 2 points, and then go to step g';
  • Step g' continue sampling, and enter step h';
  • Step h' judge whether the interference waveform reaches the second voltage threshold, if yes, go to step i', otherwise go to step l';
  • Step i' record X 3 points, then go to step j';
  • Step j' generate a trigger signal, and start the next cycle
  • Step k' judge whether the timing time reaches the set time range T, if yes, the loop ends, otherwise, return to step d';
  • Step l' judge whether the timing time reaches the set time range T, if yes, the loop ends, otherwise, return to step g'.
  • the three sets of comparative test environments are sunny outdoor environments, the total test duration is 3 days, the PIR sensor is placed in an outdoor open-air environment, and someone passes through the test area within 3 days, and the number of passes recorded 60 times, then the three sets of comparative tests are as follows As shown in the table.
  • Group B Group C Number of alarms 60 126 1822 Number of false positives 0 66 1762
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides an electronic device for executing the method for triggering a PIR sensor signal.
  • the electronic device includes: at least one processor and a memory.
  • the memory and at least one processor are communicatively connected, for example, the memory and at least one processor are connected through a bus.
  • the memory stores instructions executable by at least one processor, and the instructions are executed by the at least one processor, so that the at least one processor executes the steps in the method for triggering the PIR sensor signal as described above.
  • the embodiments of the present application also provide a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium.
  • the non-volatile computer-readable storage medium stores instructions. When the instructions are executed by the processor, the processor executes the The PIR sensor signal triggers the steps in the method.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a computer program product containing instructions, which when running on a computer, causes the computer to execute each step in the method for triggering the PIR sensor signal as described above.
  • the method and device for triggering the PIR sensor signal in the embodiments of the present application utilize the characteristics of different waveforms generated by the human body and hot air on the PIR sensor, and based on the waveform generated by the human body on the PIR sensor, by setting the first voltage threshold and the second voltage threshold. Voltage threshold, within the preset time range when the monitoring signal generated by the PIR sensor reaches the first voltage threshold, the number of times the monitoring signal generated by the PIR sensor alternately reaches the first voltage threshold and the second voltage threshold reaches the set When the number of times, a trigger signal is generated, thereby realizing accurate identification of the human body waveform and signal triggering.
  • the first voltage threshold and the second voltage threshold are when the human body moves within the effective detection range of the PIR sensor, the waveform generated by the subsequent amplification device of the PIR sensor can alternately reach the set number of times within a certain period of time, and heat sources such as hot air within a certain period of time The voltage threshold cannot be reached for the set number of times alternately.
  • the method and device for triggering PIR sensor signals in the embodiments of the present application can be applied to the existing bipolar PIR sensor equipment, and there is no need to modify the existing bipolar PIR sensor equipment, and only need to be used in the existing bipolar PIR sensor equipment.
  • the signal output end of the PIR sensor can be connected to the device that realizes the PIR sensor signal trigger method and device function of the embodiment of the present application. It has high compatibility with the existing bipolar PIR sensor equipment and does not need to be used for the existing bipolar PIR Transformation of the sensor equipment saves the investment in the transformation of the existing bipolar PIR sensor equipment.

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Abstract

本申请公开了一种PIR传感器信号触发方法和装置，包括：设置第一电压阈值和第二电压阈值；在PIR传感器所产生的监测信号达到第一电压阈值的时刻开始计时的预设时间范围内，PIR传感器所产生的监测信号交替达到第一电压阈值和第二电压阈值的次数达到设定次数时，产生触发信号。其中，第一电压阈值和第二电压阈值为人体对PIR传感器所产生的波形在预设时间范围内所能达到设定次数并且除人体以外的其他热源对PIR传感器所产生的波形在预设时间范围内无法达到设定次数的电压阈值。本申请利用人体和热风等热源对PIR传感器所产生的波形不同的特点，实现了对人体波形的准确识别和信号触发。

Description

一种PIR传感器信号触发方法和装置
本申请要求于2019年03月11日提交中国专利局、申请号为201910178824.0发明名称为“一种PIR传感器信号触发方法和装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请是关于安防技术领域，尤其是关于一种PIR传感器信号触发方法和装置。
背景技术
PIR(Passive Infrared Ray，热释电红外传感器)传感器的工作原理是通过透镜将人体热辐射聚焦到热释电元件上，使得热释电元件随着热辐射量的变化产生相应的电平变化，通过对电平变化的监测，可以实现PIR传感器安装环境中的报警。如当人员进入PIR传感器的监控区域后，促使PIR传感器产生电平变化，进而通过PIR传感器的电平变化触发报警。
但是，由于PIR传感器是一种被动监测热辐射产生电平变化的元件，使得PIR传感器所监控区域内产生与人体热辐射相近似的热源时，导致错误触发报警，从而限制了PIR传感器的应用。如热风等非人体热源产生的热辐射波长与人体相近，也能被PIR传感器所采集，并输出与人体热辐射触发的相近或更高幅度的电平，从而当有热风吹过PIR传感器时，使得PIR传感器触发报警。因此，PIR传感器几乎无法应用于室外环境中。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本申请提供一种PIR传感器信号触发方法和装置，以基于PIR传感器的监测信号产生准确的人体监控触发信号，避免如热风等干扰导致的错误信号触发。
本申请的技术方案是这样实现的：
一种PIR传感器信号触发方法，包括：
设置第一电压阈值和第二电压阈值；
在所述PIR传感器所产生的监测信号达到所述第一电压阈值的时刻开始 计时的预设时间范围内，所述PIR传感器所产生的监测信号交替达到所述第一电压阈值和所述第二电压阈值的次数达到设定次数时，产生触发信号。
进一步，所述PIR传感器为双极型PIR传感器。
进一步，所述PIR传感器所产生的监测信号由所述PIR传感器产生并由电连接于所述PIR传感器的运算放大电路进行放大。
进一步，所述第一电压阈值大于所述第二电压阈值；或者
所述第一电压阈值小于所述第二电压阈值。
进一步，所述预设时间范围的时长属于2秒至6秒的时长范围。
进一步，所述设定次数为2次，或者3次，或者4次。
进一步，所述在所述PIR传感器所产生的监测信号达到所述第一电压阈值的时刻开始计时的预设时间范围内，所述PIR传感器所产生的监测信号交替达到所述第一电压阈值和所述第二电压阈值的次数达到设定次数时，产生触发信号，包括：
在所述PIR传感器所产生的监测信号达到所述第一电压阈值的时刻开始计时的预设时间范围内，每当检测到所述PIR传感器所产生的监测信号达到所述第一电压阈值，且前一次计数时是检测到所述PIR传感器所产生的监测信号达到所述第二电压阈值，记录所述PIR传感器所产生的监测信号达到阈值的次数增加1次，以及每当检测到所述PIR传感器所产生的监测信号达到所述第二电压阈值，且前一次计数时是检测到所述PIR传感器所产生的监测信号达到所述第一电压阈值，记录所述PIR传感器所产生的监测信号达到阈值的次数增加1次，其中，当开始计时记录所述PIR传感器所产生的监测信号达到阈值的次数为第1次；
当所记录的所述PIR传感器所产生的监测信号达到阈值的次数达到设定次数时，产生触发信号。
从上述方案可以看出，本申请的PIR传感器信号触发方法和装置，利用人体和热风等热源形状的不同而对PIR传感器所产生的波形不同的特点，并基于人体对PIR传感器所产生的波形，通过设置第一电压阈值和第二电压阈值，在 PIR传感器所产生的监测信号达到第一电压阈值的时刻开始计时的预设时间范围内，PIR传感器所产生的监测信号交替达到第一电压阈值和第二电压阈值的次数达到设定次数时，产生触发信号，从而实现了对人体波形的准确识别和信号触发。其中人体对PIR传感器所产生的波形在预设时间范围内能够交替达到第一电压阈值和第二电压阈值设定次数，并且热风等热源在预设时间范围内无法交替达到第一电压阈值和第二电压阈值设定次数，通过这种电压阈值的设定，实现了对人体波形的识别。本申请的PIR传感器信号触发方法和装置可应用于现有的双极型PIR传感器设备，不需要对现有双极型PIR传感器设备进行改造，只需要在现有双极型PIR传感器设备的信号输出端接入实现本申请实施例的PIR传感器信号触发方法和装置功能的装置即可，与现有的双极型PIR传感器设备的兼容性高，并且无需对现有的双极型PIR传感器设备进行改造，节省了针对现有的双极型PIR传感器设备进行改造的投入。
附图说明
此处的附图被并入说明书中并构成本说明书的一部分，示出了符合本申请的实施例，并与说明书一起用于解释本申请的原理。在附图中：
图1为本申请实施例的PIR传感器信号触发方法的流程图；
图2为本申请实施例的PIR传感器信号触发装置的结构图；
图3为现有双极型PIR传感器设备的结构示意图；
图4为热风对现有双极型PIR传感器设备所产生的波形变化示意图；
图5为人体对现有双极型PIR传感器设备所产生的波形变化示意图；
图6为本申请实施例中设定的电压偏置值、第一电压阈值和第二电压阈值的关系；
图7为本申请实施例中的干扰波形到达第一电压阈值时记录X1点的示意图；
图8为本申请实施例中的干扰波形到达第二电压阈值时记录X2点的示意图；
图9为本申请实施例中的干扰波形再次到达第一电压阈值时记录X3点的 示意图；
图10为本申请实施例中的干扰波形再次到达第二电压阈值时记录X4点的示意图；
图11为本申请实施例中设定次数n为3时的逻辑流程图；
通过上述附图，已示出本申请明确的实施例，后文中将有更详细的描述。这些附图和文字描述并不是为了通过任何方式限制本申请构思的范围，而是通过参考特定实施例为本领域技术人员说明本申请的概念。
具体实施方式
为了使本申请的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下参照附图并举实施例，对本申请作进一步详细说明。
如图1所示，本申请实施例的PIR传感器信号触发方法，包括：
步骤1、设置第一电压阈值和第二电压阈值；
步骤2、在PIR传感器所产生的监测信号达到第一电压阈值的时刻开始计时的预设时间范围内，PIR传感器所产生的监测信号交替达到第一电压阈值和第二电压阈值的次数达到设定次数时，产生触发信号。
其中，预设时间范围的开始时刻为PIR传感器所产生的监测信号达到第一电压阈值的时刻。根据预设时间范围的时长，可以确定预设时间范围的结束时刻，例如，预设时间范围的时长为2秒，则预设时间范围的结束时刻为，从监测信号达到第一电压阈值开始计时后的2秒对应的时刻。
第一电压阈值和第二电压阈值的设置保证了：人体对PIR传感器所产生的波形在预设时间范围内交替达到第一电压阈值和第二电压阈值的次数能够达到设定次数；除人体以外的其他热源(如热风等热源)对PIR传感器所产生的波形在预设时间范围内不能交替达到第一电压阈值和第二电压阈值，和/或除人体以外的其他热源(如热风等热源)对PIR传感器所产生的波形交替达到第一电压阈值和第二电压阈值的次数不能够达到设定次数。通过这种电压阈值的设定，实现了对人体波形的识别。
在可选实施例中，触发信号可以发送给多种设备，以触发相应设备的操 作。例如，触发信号可以发送给报警设备，以触发报警设备的报警，触发信号还可以发送给灯控装置，以触发电灯照明。
在可选实施例中，PIR传感器可以为双极型PIR传感器。
在可选实施例中，PIR传感器所产生的监测信号由PIR传感器产生并由电连接于PIR传感器的运算放大电路进行放大。
在可选实施例中，第一电压阈值大于第二电压阈值；或者，第一电压阈值小于第二电压阈值。
在可选实施例中，预设时间范围的时长属于2秒至6秒的时长范围。
例如，当预设时间范围的时长为2秒时，可以检测从PIR传感器所产生的监测信号达到第一电压阈值的时刻开始计时的2秒内，PIR传感器所产生的监测信号交替达到第一电压阈值和第二电压阈值的次数，是否达到设定次数。
或者，当预设时间范围的时长为6秒时，可以检测从PIR传感器所产生的监测信号达到第一电压阈值的时刻开始计时的6秒内，PIR传感器所产生的监测信号交替达到第一电压阈值和第二电压阈值的次数，是否达到设定次数。
在可选实施例中，设定次数为2次，或者3次，或者4次。
例如，当设定次数为2次时，可以检测从PIR传感器所产生的监测信号达到第一电压阈值的时刻开始计时的预设时间范围内，PIR传感器所产生的监测信号交替达到第一电压阈值和第二电压阈值的次数，是否达到2次。
或者，当设定次数为4次时，可以检测从PIR传感器所产生的监测信号达到第一电压阈值的时刻开始计时的预设时间范围内，PIR传感器所产生的监测信号交替达到第一电压阈值和第二电压阈值的次数，是否达到4次。
在可选实施中，上述步骤2可以包括以下步骤：在PIR传感器所产生的监测信号达到第一电压阈值的时刻开始计时的预设时间范围内，每当检测到PIR传感器所产生的监测信号达到第一电压阈值，且前一次计数时是检测到PIR传感器所产生的监测信号达到第二电压阈值，记录PIR传感器所产生的监测信号达到阈值的次数增加1次，以及每当检测到PIR传感器所产生的监测信号达到第二电压阈值，且前一次计数时是检测到PIR传感器所产生的监测信号达到第 一电压阈值，记录PIR传感器所产生的监测信号达到阈值的次数增加1次；当所记录的PIR传感器所产生的监测信号达到阈值的次数达到设定次数时，产生触发信号。
其中，当开始计时记录PIR传感器所产生的监测信号达到阈值的次数为第1次。
例如，设定次数为4次，预设时间范围的时长为6秒。
当检测到PIR传感器所产生的监测信号达到第一电压阈值时，开始计时，并记录PIR传感器所产生的监测信号达到阈值的次数为第1次。
当检测到PIR传感器所产生的监测信号达到第二电压阈值时，如果当前的计时时间未达到6秒，可以记录PIR传感器所产生的监测信号达到阈值的次数为第2次，如果当前的计时时间达到6秒，可以停止计时、停止计数。
在记录PIR传感器所产生的监测信号达到阈值的次数为第2次的情况下，后续，当检测到PIR传感器所产生的监测信号再次达到第一电压阈值时，如果当前的计时时间未达到6秒，可以记录PIR传感器所产生的监测信号达到阈值的次数为第3次，如果当前的计时时间达到6秒，可以停止计时、停止计数。
在记录PIR传感器所产生的监测信号达到阈值的次数为第3次的情况下，后续，当检测到PIR传感器所产生的监测信号再次达到第二电压阈值时，如果当前的计时时间未达到6秒，记录PIR传感器所产生的监测信号达到阈值的次数为第4次，即，达到设定次数，此时，可以产生触发信号。
本申请实施例还提供了一种PIR传感器信号触发装置，如图2所示，包括设置模块11、记录模块12和信号触发模块13。其中，设置模块11用于设置第一电压阈值和第二电压阈值。记录模块12用于在PIR传感器所产生的监测信号达到第一电压阈值的时刻开始计时的预设时间范围内，记录PIR传感器所产生的监测信号交替达到第一电压阈值和第二电压阈值的次数。信号触发模块13用于在记录模块12所记录的PIR传感器所产生的监测信号交替达到第一电压阈值和第二电压阈值的次数达到设定次数时，产生触发信号。
本申请实施例的PIR传感器报警方法和装置适用于现有双极型PIR传感器设备。图3示出了现有双极型PIR传感器设备的结构示意图。该双极型PIR 传感器设备包括光学组件21、热释电元22、MOS管23和运算放大器24。其中，光学组件21包括透镜211和滤光片212，其中，滤光片212例如菲涅耳滤光片阵列，其中，菲涅耳滤光片阵列等效为多个透镜。热释电元22包括第一热释电元221和第二热释电元222，第一热释电元221和第二热释电元222的相同极性相连，例如图3所示中，第一热释电元221的正极和第二热释电元222的正极相连。MOS管23的栅极G连接于两个热释电元中的一个热释电元的负极，另一个热释电元的负极接地，例如图3所示中，MOS管23的栅极G连接于第一热释电元221的负极，而第二热释电元222的负极接地GND。MOS管23的源极S连接于运算放大器24的输入端，MOS管23的漏极D接入电源电压。运算放大器24的输出端输出PIR传感器的监测信号。
外界所发射的热辐射通过光学组件21，聚焦到第一热释电元221和第二热释电元222，当第一热释电元221和第二热释电元222接收的热辐射能量相同时，能量互相抵消，从而不产生电信号输出，MOS管23的源极S只输出偏置值的电压。只有当第一热释电元221和第二热释电元222所接收的热辐射能量不同时，才有电信号输出，当照射到第二热释电元222的辐射大于第一热释电元221时，MOS管23的源极S输出高于偏置值的电压，当照射到第二热释电元222的辐射小于第一热释电元221时，MOS管23的源极S输出低于偏置值的电压。在人体经过双极型PIR传感器设备时，人体热辐射通过菲涅耳滤光片阵列中的一个等效透镜而聚焦到第一热释电元221和第二热释电元222上时，MOS管23将输出正偏置电压、0、负偏置电压、0，当人体通过菲涅耳滤光片阵列中的下一个等效透镜而聚焦到第一热释电元221和第二热释电元222上时，MOS管23的输出信号会重复上一个信号周期而输出正偏置电压、0、负偏置电压、0。因为，MOS管23的源极S输出的电压幅度非常低，因此需要经过运算放大器24的放大才能够被检测到，在本申请实施例中，将经过运算放大器24放大后的信号定义为PIR传感器所产生的监测信号。
现有的双极型PIR传感器设备，一旦监测信号的震荡幅度高于一设定阈值或者低于另一设定阈值时，则判定有人体活动，产生触发信号进行报警等操作，对于这种触发模式，在室内应用不会出现误报警的问题，但是一旦应用于户外环境，则非常容易受到阳光和热风的干扰而产生误报，由于热风等 非人体热源产生的热辐射波长与人体产生的热辐射相近似，也能被热释电元采集到，并能够输出与人体热辐射触发的相近或更高幅度的电平，进而也能达到上述的高于一设定阈值或者低于另一设定阈值的效果，进而产生了错误的报警。
在实际测试中，发明人发现，外界环境中热风所产生的波形，与人体所产生的波形特征并不相同，对于热风，由于风的体积较大，在经过透镜后所产生的投影面积较大，由于第一热释电元221和第二热释电元222反向串联，对于同时入射的能量会相互抵消，只在热风出现的初期电压有一个正向或者负向的变化，后面的信号组逐渐趋近到中间的偏置值，如图4所示。
而对于人体来说，人体的体积较小，并且在实际使用时，滤光片212往往采用菲涅耳滤光片阵列(即多个菲涅尔透镜)、或者滤光片212采用内表面为小球透镜组成的透镜阵列，因此人体在经过透镜后所产生的投影面积较小，由于第一热释电元221和第二热释电元222反向串联，所以当入射能量顺序照射在第一热释电元221和第二热释电元222上时，产生的电压波形会形成围绕着中间偏置值交替变化的波形，如图5所示。因此，通过对这个波形特征的判断，能够实现双极型PIR传感器设备在户外环境中对人体的分辨，减少PIR传感器设备的误报。
本申请实施例正是基于人体和热风对双极型PIR传感器设备所形成的干扰波形特征的不同，特别是基于人体对双极型PIR传感器设备所形成的干扰波形的特点产生触发信号，本申请实施例，主要包括以下步骤。
1)PIR传感器设备所形成的干扰波形信号是带偏置的交流信号，首先确定信号的电压偏置值V 0。
2)根据实际探测范围需要，确定第一电压阈值V 1和第二电压阈值V 2，如图6所示。其中，第一电压阈值V 1高于电压偏置值V 0，第二电压阈值V 2低于电压偏置值V 0。在其他实施例中，第一电压阈值V 1可以低于电压偏置值V 0，并且第二电压阈值V 2可以高于电压偏置值V 0。
3)当人体对双极型PIR传感器设备所形成的干扰波形到达第一电压阈值V 1或者第二电压阈值V 2时，记录1次到达阈值的次数并开始计时。例如图7 所示实施例中，当人体对双极型PIR传感器设备所形成的干扰波形到达第一电压阈值V 1(高阈值)时，记录X 1点并开始计时。
4)之后，当人体对双极型PIR传感器设备所形成的干扰波形到达第二电压阈值V 2或者第一电压阈值V 1时，再记录1次到达阈值的次数，此时已经记录了2次到达阈值的次数。例如图8所示实施例中，当人体对双极型PIR传感器设备所形成的干扰波形到达第二电压阈值V 2(低阈值)时，记录X 2点。
5)之后，当人体对双极型PIR传感器设备所形成的干扰波形再次到达第一电压阈值V 1或者第二电压阈值V 2时，再记录1次到达阈值的次数，此时已经记录了3次到达阈值的次数。例如图9所示实施例中，当人体对双极型PIR传感器设备所形成的干扰波形再次到达第一电压阈值V 1(高阈值)时，记录X 3点。
6)之后，当人体对双极型PIR传感器设备所形成的干扰波形再次到达第二电压阈值V 2或者第一电压阈值V 1时，再记录1次到达阈值的次数，此时已经记录了4次到达阈值的次数。例如图10所示实施例中，当人体对双极型PIR传感器设备所形成的干扰波形再次到达第二电压阈值V 2(低阈值)时，记录X 4点。
依照上述过程继续记录后续的到达阈值的次数。
7)从第一次记录到达阈值的次数开始计时，如果在设定时间范围T内，记录的到达阈值的次数达到(大于等于)设定次数n时，产生触发信号，以触发报警设备报警或者触发其他设备的相应操作。例如针对图7至图10的过程，从X 1点开始计时，如果在时间范围T内，检测到记录点(X 1、X 2、X 3……X n)的数量大于设定次数n时，产生触发信号，以触发报警设备报警或者触发其他设备的相应操作。优选地，2秒≤T的时长≤6秒，n可以为2，或者，也可以为3，或者，也可以为4，这种T和n的设定次数可以达到消除大部分热风和日光的干扰的效果。
图11示出了本申请实施例中设定次数n为3时的逻辑流程图，该流程包括：
步骤a、开始采样，之后进入步骤b或步骤b’；
步骤b、判断干扰波形是否达到第一电压阈值，如果是则进入步骤c，否则返回步骤a；
步骤c、记录X 1点，之后进入步骤d；
步骤d、继续采样，并进入步骤e；
步骤e、判断干扰波形是否达到第二电压阈值，如果是则进入步骤f，否则进入步骤k；
步骤f、记录X 2点，之后进入步骤g；
步骤g、继续采样，并进入步骤h；
步骤h、判断干扰波形是否达到第一电压阈值，如果是则进入步骤i，否则进入步骤l；
步骤i、记录X 3点，之后进入步骤j；
步骤j、产生触发信号，并开始下一个循环；
步骤k、判断计时时间是否到达设定时间范围T，如果是则循环结束，否则返回步骤d；
步骤l、判断计时时间是否到达设定时间范围T，如果是则循环结束，否则返回步骤g；
步骤b’、判断干扰波形是否达到第二电压阈值，如果是则进入步骤c’，否则返回步骤a；
步骤c’、记录X 1点，之后进入步骤d’；
步骤d’、继续采样，并进入步骤e’；
步骤e’、判断干扰波形是否达到第一电压阈值，如果是则进入步骤f’，否则进入步骤k’；
步骤f’、记录X 2点，之后进入步骤g’；
步骤g’、继续采样，并进入步骤h’；
步骤h’、判断干扰波形是否达到第二电压阈值，如果是则进入步骤i’，否则进入步骤l’；
步骤i’、记录X 3点，之后进入步骤j’；
步骤j’、产生触发信号，并开始下一个循环；
步骤k’、判断计时时间是否到达设定时间范围T，如果是则循环结束，否则返回步骤d’；
步骤l’、判断计时时间是否到达设定时间范围T，如果是则循环结束，否则返回步骤g’。
采用本申请实施例的PIR传感器信号触发方法和装置进行实际三组对比测试；其中，A组设定T的时长为5秒，n＝3时触发报警；B组设定T的时长为5秒，n＝2时触发报警；C组设定只要产生X1点就触发报警。三组对比测试环境为室外晴天环境，测试总时长为3天，PIR传感器置于室外露天环境，在3天时间内有人从测试区域经过，并且记录经过人次为60次，则三组对比测试如下表所示。
  A组 B组 C组
报警次数 60 126 1822
误报次数 0 66 1762
可以看出，最优实施例采用设定T的时长为5秒，n＝3时触发报警能够达到避免误报警的最优效果。
本申请实施例还同时提供一种执行PIR传感器信号触发方法的电子设备，该电子设备包括：至少一个处理器以及存储器。存储器和至少一个处理器通信连接，例如存储器和至少一个处理器通过总线连接。存储器存储有可被至少一个处理器执行的指令，所述指令被至少一个处理器执行，以使至少一个处理器执行如上述说明中的PIR传感器信号触发方法中的各个步骤。
本申请实施例还同时提供一种非易失性计算机可读存储介质，该非易失性计算机可读存储介质存储指令，该指令在由处理器执行时使得所述处理器执行如上述说明中的PIR传感器信号触发方法中的各个步骤。
本申请实施例还同时提供一种包含指令的计算机程序产品，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行如上述说明中的PIR传感器信号触发方法中的各个步骤。
本申请实施例的PIR传感器信号触发方法和装置，利用人体和热风等热源对PIR传感器所产生的波形不同的特点，并基于人体对PIR传感器所产生的波形，通过设置第一电压阈值和第二电压阈值，在PIR传感器所产生的监测信号达到第一电压阈值的时刻开始计时的预设时间范围内，PIR传感器所产生的监测信号交替达到第一电压阈值和第二电压阈值的次数达到设定次数时，产生触发信号，从而实现了对人体波形的准确识别和信号触发。其中第一电压阈值和第二电压阈值为人体在PIR传感器有效检测范围内活动时，PIR传感器的后继放大装置所产生的波形在一定时间内能够交替达到设定次数并且热风等热源在一定时间内无法交替达到设定次数的电压阈值，通过这种电压阈值的设定，实现了对人体波形的识别。本申请实施例的PIR传感器信号触发方法和装置可应用于现有的双极型PIR传感器设备，不需要对现有双极型PIR传感器设备进行改造，只需要在现有双极型PIR传感器设备的信号输出端接入实现本申请实施例的PIR传感器信号触发方法和装置功能的装置即可，与现有的双极型PIR传感器设备的兼容性高，并且无需对现有的双极型PIR传感器设备进行改造，节省了针对现有的双极型PIR传感器设备进行改造的投入。
以上所述仅为本申请的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本申请，凡在本申请的精神和原则之内，所做的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本申请保护的范围之内。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种PIR传感器信号触发方法，包括：
    设置第一电压阈值和第二电压阈值；
    在所述PIR传感器所产生的监测信号达到所述第一电压阈值的时刻开始计时的预设时间范围内，所述PIR传感器所产生的监测信号交替达到所述第一电压阈值和所述第二电压阈值的次数达到设定次数时，产生触发信号。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的PIR传感器信号触发方法，其特征在于：
    所述PIR传感器为双极型PIR传感器。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的PIR传感器信号触发方法，其特征在于：
    所述PIR传感器所产生的监测信号由所述PIR传感器产生并由电连接于所述PIR传感器的运算放大电路进行放大。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的PIR传感器信号触发方法，其特征在于：
    所述第一电压阈值大于所述第二电压阈值；或者
    所述第一电压阈值小于所述第二电压阈值。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的PIR传感器信号触发方法，其特征在于：
    所述预设时间范围的时长属于为2秒至6秒的时长范围。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的PIR传感器信号触发方法，其特征在于：
    所述设定次数为2次，或者3次，或者至4次。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的PIR传感器信号触发方法，其特征在于，所述在所述PIR传感器所产生的监测信号达到所述第一电压阈值的时刻开始计时的预设时间范围内，所述PIR传感器所产生的监测信号交替达到所述第一电压阈值和所述第二电压阈值的次数达到设定次数时，产生触发信号，包括：
    在所述PIR传感器所产生的监测信号达到所述第一电压阈值的时刻开始计时的预设时间范围内，每当检测到所述PIR传感器所产生的监测信号达到所述第一电压阈值，且前一次计数时是检测到所述PIR传感器所产生的监测信号 达到所述第二电压阈值，记录所述PIR传感器所产生的监测信号达到阈值的次数增加1次，以及每当检测到所述PIR传感器所产生的监测信号达到所述第二电压阈值，且前一次计数时是检测到所述PIR传感器所产生的监测信号达到所述第一电压阈值，记录所述PIR传感器所产生的监测信号达到阈值的次数增加1次，其中，当开始计时记录所述PIR传感器所产生的监测信号达到阈值的次数为第1次；
    当所记录的所述PIR传感器所产生的监测信号达到阈值的次数达到设定次数时，产生触发信号。
  8. 一种PIR传感器信号触发装置，包括：
    第一热释电元和第二热释电元，所述第一热释电元和所述第二热释电元的相同极性相连；
    MOS管，所述MOS管的栅极G连接于两个热释电元中的一个热释电元的负极，所述MOS管的漏极接入电源电压；
    运算放大器，所述运算放大器的输入端与所述MOS管的源极S连接，所述运算放大器的输出端输出PIR传感器的监测信号；
    处理器，用于执行：
    获取预先设置第一电压阈值和第二电压阈值，所述第一电压阈值和所述第二电压阈值用于指示所述PIR传感器检测到人体；
    获取所述运算放大器输出的PIR传感器的监测信号；
    在所述PIR传感器所产生的监测信号达到所述第一电压阈值的时刻开始计时的预设时间范围内，所述PIR传感器所产生的监测信号交替达到所述第一电压阈值和所述第二电压阈值的次数达到设定次数时，产生触发信号。
PCT/CN2020/078459 2019-03-11 2020-03-09 一种pir传感器信号触发方法和装置 Ceased WO2020182099A1 (zh)

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