WO2020177635A1 - 一种高效散热的储电装置的电芯结构 - Google Patents

一种高效散热的储电装置的电芯结构 Download PDF

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WO2020177635A1
WO2020177635A1 PCT/CN2020/077258 CN2020077258W WO2020177635A1 WO 2020177635 A1 WO2020177635 A1 WO 2020177635A1 CN 2020077258 W CN2020077258 W CN 2020077258W WO 2020177635 A1 WO2020177635 A1 WO 2020177635A1
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Prior art keywords
storage device
heat dissipation
power storage
electrode
heat
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PCT/CN2020/077258
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English (en)
French (fr)
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林中尉
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苏州阿福机器人有限公司
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Priority claimed from CN201910165204.3A external-priority patent/CN109860951A/zh
Priority claimed from CN201920276785.3U external-priority patent/CN209401799U/zh
Application filed by 苏州阿福机器人有限公司 filed Critical 苏州阿福机器人有限公司
Publication of WO2020177635A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020177635A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES OR LIGHT-SENSITIVE DEVICES, OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
    • H01G11/14—Arrangements or processes for adjusting or protecting hybrid or EDL capacitors
    • H01G11/18—Arrangements or processes for adjusting or protecting hybrid or EDL capacitors against thermal overloads, e.g. heating, cooling or ventilating
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES OR LIGHT-SENSITIVE DEVICES, OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
    • H01G11/22—Electrodes
    • H01G11/26—Electrodes characterised by their structure, e.g. multi-layered, porosity or surface features
    • H01G11/28—Electrodes characterised by their structure, e.g. multi-layered, porosity or surface features arranged or disposed on a current collector; Layers or phases between electrodes and current collectors, e.g. adhesives
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
    • H01M10/0585—Construction or manufacture of accumulators having only flat construction elements, i.e. flat positive electrodes, flat negative electrodes and flat separators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/654—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells located inside the innermost case of the cells, e.g. mandrels, electrodes or electrolytes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6554—Rods or plates
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Definitions

  • This patent relates to a battery cell of a power storage device, specifically, a cell structure of a power storage device that can efficiently dissipate heat.
  • the battery cell In the process of using the battery cell of the electric storage device composed of the sheet electrode and the diaphragm, the problem of self-heating is common, and the work of the battery cell often needs to be within a certain temperature range to maintain high efficiency, performance and life. Therefore, the battery cell must have good heat exchange capacity, that is: when it generates heat and needs to dissipate heat, its internal heat can be smoothly transferred to the outside, and when its own temperature is low and needs to be raised, the external heat can be smooth To the inside of itself.
  • the conventional structure is, as shown in Figure 1, the sheet-shaped positive electrode 1, the separator 2, the negative electrode 3, the separator 2 are arranged at equal intervals, and the electrode heat passes through the thickness direction of the material constituting the battery (shown by the arrow in the figure), Layer by layer, because the material composition of the cell contains insulating materials, the thermal resistance along the thickness of the material is large, the temperature difference between the center and the outer surface of the cell is large, and the heat transfer is not smooth, which affects the cell The ability of the battery will also cause uneven internal temperature of the battery, which will directly affect the working performance and life of the material, causing the local performance of the battery to decay quickly, affecting the short battery life and poor safety.
  • the purpose of this patent is to provide a battery cell structure for a high-efficiency heat-dissipating power storage device, which can improve the heat exchange capacity of the cell, greatly improve the internal temperature balance of the power storage device, and make the working conditions of the materials basically balanced, which can be extended The life of the storage device can also improve safety.
  • the cell structure of the energy storage device with efficient heat dissipation described in this patent includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a separator between the positive electrode and the negative electrode.
  • Each positive electrode or each negative electrode is connected to a heat dissipation plate, or each positive electrode is connected to one The heat dissipation electrode plates are connected, and each negative electrode is connected with another heat dissipation electrode plate.
  • the power storage device is a battery.
  • the power storage device is a capacitor.
  • the positive electrode or the negative electrode is a sheet electrode.
  • the power storage device is composed of sheet-shaped components.
  • the electrode heat dissipation plate can be used only for heat dissipation (in this state, an electrode sheet connected to the electrode is required for electrical connection, which is a conventional technical state and does not need to be described here), or it can be used for storage at the same time
  • the electrode of the device is used.
  • the electricity storage device refers to a device capable of storing electricity composed of sheet electrodes and diaphragms, such as various lithium ion batteries, super capacitors, and the like.
  • the structure of the electricity storage device may also include an insulating layer, electrolyte, various additives, etc., which belongs to the prior art. The number and arrangement of the diaphragms of the electricity storage device do not affect the protection scope of this patent.
  • the diaphragm may be an independent film or a film with a certain insulating ability (the ability to isolate electrons or ions) attached to a certain electrode.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a conventional battery cell structure
  • the protection scope of the structure of the present invention is based on the claims, and it is not affected by the additional devices installed in the power storage device for safety and performance improvement, and it is not affected by the electrode extraction structure of the power storage device.

Abstract

本专利提供一种高效散热的储电装置的电芯结构，它能够改善电芯的热交换能力，大幅度改善储电装置内部温度均衡度，使材料的工作条件基本均衡，可延长储电装置的寿命，同时可以提高安全性。该高效散热的储电装置的电芯结构，包括正极、负极、位于正极与负极之间的隔膜，各正极或各负极均与一个散热极板相连，或者，各正极均与一个散热极板相连，各负极均与另一个散热极板相连。

Description

一种高效散热的储电装置的电芯结构 技术领域
本专利涉及储电装置的电芯，具体地说，是一种能够高效散热的储电装置的电芯结构。
背景技术
电芯是储电装置的基本单元。
由片状电极和隔膜构成的储电装置的电芯使用过程中，普遍存在着自身发热的问题，而电芯的工作往往需要在一定温度范围内才能保持较高的效率和性能以及寿命，为此，电芯必须有较好的热交换能力，即：当自身发热而需要散热时，其自身内部的热量能够畅顺的传递到外部，当自身温度较低需要升温时，外部的热量能够顺畅地传递到自身内部。
目前，对于储电装置如电池组来说，其散热结构公开较多。但是对于组成储电装置的基本单元即电芯来说，其散热性却鲜有人考虑。
以锂电池为例，在电池大功率放电时，电池内部的电芯由于化学反应以及内阻等产生的热量，要向外扩散，以免由于温度过高导致热失控。常规的结构是，参见图1所示，片状的正极1、隔膜2、负极3隔膜2等间隔排列的电芯，电极热量通过构成电芯的材料的厚度方向(图中箭头所示)，一层层向外传递，由于电芯的材料组成中包含绝缘材料，因此沿着材料厚度方向的热阻很大，电芯从中心到外部表面的温差大，热量传递不畅，从而影响电芯的能力发挥，也会导致电池内部温度的不均匀，会直接影响材料的工作性能和寿命，导致电池内部的局部的性能快速衰减，影响电池寿命短，另外安全性较差。
发明内容
本专利的目的是提供一种高效散热的储电装置的电芯结构，它能够改善电芯的热交换能力，大幅度改善储电装置内部温度均衡度，使材料的工作条件基本均衡， 可延长储电装置的寿命，同时可以提高安全性。
本专利所述的高效散热的储电装置的电芯结构，包括正极、负极、位于正极与负极之间的隔膜，各正极或各负极均与一个散热极板相连，或者，各正极均与一个散热极板相连，各负极均与另一个散热极板相连。
上述的高效散热的储电装置的电芯结构，散热极板采用导热性能好的金属材料制成。
上述的高效散热的储电装置的电芯结构，储电装置为电池。
上述的高效散热的储电装置的电芯结构，储电装置为电容。
上述的高效散热的储电装置的电芯结构，所述正极或者负极均为片状电极。
上述的高效散热的储电装置的电芯结构，储电装置由薄片状零部件构成。
本专利的有益效果：本创新结构是将构成的电芯的正极和/或负极，以尽可能大的面积延伸且连接到外部的散热极板上，由于电极材质具有很好的导热能力，该结构使热量沿着电极材料快速传递到散热极板，外部系统可通过散热极板对储电装置进行热管理，可大幅度减轻电芯中的非金属材料对热传递的影响，改善电芯的热交换能力，大幅度改善储电装置内部温度均衡度，使材料的工作条件基本均衡，可延长储电装置的寿命，提高电芯的热平衡能力同时可以提高安全性。
所述的电极散热板，既可以仅用作散热(该状态下需要另外设置与电极相连的电极片用于电连接，这是常规技术状态，此处不需说明)，也可同时作为储电装置的电极使用。所述的储电装置是指由薄片电极和隔膜等构成的能够储存电的装置，如各种锂离子电池、超级电容等。所述的储电装置的构成中，还可以包括绝缘层、电解质、各种添加剂等，这属于现有技术。所述的储电装置的隔膜数量和设置不影响本专利的保护范围。
所述的隔膜，既可以是独立的膜，也可以是在某个电极上附着的具有一定的绝缘能力(隔绝电子或离子的能力)的膜。
所述的散热结构，既可以是正负极同时接到不同的散热极板，也可以是任何一 个电极连接到散热极板。
附图说明
图1是常规的电芯结构示意图；
图2是本专利的高效散热的储电装置的电芯结构示意图。
具体实施方式
参见图2所示的高效散热的电池电芯，片状的正极1、隔膜2、负极3、隔膜2间隔排列，各正极均与一个金属散热极板4相连，各负极均与另一个金属散热极板5相连。该电芯散热时，是从正极向金属散热极板4进行热传递(参见图中箭头)，从负极向金属散热极板5进行热传递(参见图中箭头)，热传递是沿着电极宽度方向的进行的。
本发明所述的结构的保护范围以权利要求为准，不受储电装置为了安全、性能提高等考虑设置的附加装置的影响，也不受储电装置的电极引出结构的影响。

Claims (6)

  1. 一种高效散热的储电装置的电芯结构，包括正极、负极、位于正极与负极之间的隔膜，其特征是：各正极或各负极均与一个散热极板相连，或者，各正极均与一个散热极板相连，各负极均与另一个散热极板相连。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的高效散热的储电装置的电芯结构，其特征是：散热极板采用导热性能好的材料制成。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的高效散热的储电装置的电芯结构，其特征是：储电装置为电池。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的高效散热的储电装置的电芯结构，其特征是：储电装置为电容。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的高效散热的储电装置的电芯结构，其特征是：所述正极或者负极均为片状电极。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的高效散热的储电装置的电芯结构，其特征是：储电装置为由薄片状零部件构成。
PCT/CN2020/077258 2019-03-05 2020-02-28 一种高效散热的储电装置的电芯结构 WO2020177635A1 (zh)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201910165204.3A CN109860951A (zh) 2019-03-05 2019-03-05 一种高效散热的储电装置的电芯结构
CN201920276785.3U CN209401799U (zh) 2019-03-05 2019-03-05 一种高效散热的储电装置的电芯结构
CN201910165204.3 2019-03-05
CN201920276785.3 2019-03-05

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2009060697A1 (ja) * 2007-11-05 2009-05-14 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha 電池ユニット
CN203026593U (zh) * 2010-09-03 2013-06-26 三菱重工业株式会社 电池
CN207409606U (zh) * 2017-02-21 2018-05-25 深圳市格瑞普电池有限公司 易于散热的锂离子电池组
CN109860951A (zh) * 2019-03-05 2019-06-07 苏州阿福机器人有限公司 一种高效散热的储电装置的电芯结构

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2009060697A1 (ja) * 2007-11-05 2009-05-14 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha 電池ユニット
CN203026593U (zh) * 2010-09-03 2013-06-26 三菱重工业株式会社 电池
CN207409606U (zh) * 2017-02-21 2018-05-25 深圳市格瑞普电池有限公司 易于散热的锂离子电池组
CN109860951A (zh) * 2019-03-05 2019-06-07 苏州阿福机器人有限公司 一种高效散热的储电装置的电芯结构

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