WO2020173158A1 - Pcb drilling method and drilling device - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed are a PCB drilling method and a drilling device. The PCB drilling method comprises: S10, a tool (7) is grabbed and changed by a tool changing mechanism (S10); the tool (7) is judged to be a small or a large blade (S20); the relative positions of a presser foot (6) and a tool nose are automatically configured with the standard length L1 of small blades or the standard length L2 of large blades as a reference (S30); and drilling is performed to corresponding hole sites on the tool (7) (S40). Two different standards are established for small blades and large blades respectively; a distance between the presser foot (6) and the tool nose is adjusted according to the actually grabbed tool (7). At the starting position of drilling, the distance between the tool nose of all drilling tools (7) and the presser foot is the same, ensuring the compatibility for tools (7) of different lengths during processing, improving the drilling precision and reducing the drilling cost.

Description

A PCB drilling method and drilling method: prepare

This disclosure requires the priority of a Chinese patent application filed with the Chinese Patent Office with an application number of 201910151346.4 on February 28, 2019, and a Chinese patent application filed with the Chinese Patent Office with an application number of 201911076159.0 on November 6, 2019. The above The entire content of the application is incorporated into this disclosure by reference. Technical field

This application relates to the technical field of PCB processing, for example, to a PCB drilling method and drilling equipment. Background technique

The spindle of the PCB drilling machine and the chip suction cover in the related technology are connected to the spindle clamp. The bottom of the spindle is used to install drilling tools. The Z-axis motor drives the spindle clamp to move up and down to achieve drilling. The chip suction cover sucks chips. The hood cylinder is connected to the spindle clamp, and the dust hood is connected to the vacuum pipeline through the suction pipe elbow to suck away the dust generated during drilling. The presser foot is fixed at the bottom of the chip suction cover, and the presser foot is used to press the workpiece when drilling; the bottom of the chip suction cover is provided with a through hole, and the presser foot is connected to the through hole to form a cavity together with the chip suction cover; At the bottom of the spindle and inside the presser foot. When the tool is drilled downwards, the presser foot presses the workpiece, and sucks the dust into the cavity from the inner side of the presser foot and sucks it away through the vacuum line.

Since the PCB board needs to process a large number of holes, and the size of the holes is different, the tool needs to be replaced frequently during the processing. In the related technology, when drilling, when all drilling tools are in the initial state of drilling, the chip suction cover and the spindle need to maintain the same relative position. This relative position is usually defined as the distance from the presser foot to the tip of the tool. The distance from the presser foot to the tip of the tool is an important indicator that affects the accuracy and speed of drilling. The setting value is usually adjusted to about l-2mm, and it will remain unchanged after setting. , All tools are processed at this distance. In order to ensure a constant distance from the presser foot to the tool tip, all tools are set to the same length.

The PCB drilling tool in the related technology is divided into three parts from top to bottom (refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2): clamping section 2’, transition section 3’, and processing section 4’. The clamping section 2'is clamped in the spindle chuck, usually with a standard diameter and length. Usually, to ensure a standard clamping length, a plastic collar 1'is installed at the standard position of the tool, above the collar 1' To clamp the length inside the chuck (clamping section 2'), outside the collar 1'is the length of the exposed chuck (including the transition section 3'and the processing section 4'). Machining section 4'is the part with cutting edges and chip flutes for machining. The middle is the transition section 3'. The length of the processing section 4'varies with the diameter. Generally, the smaller the diameter, the tool has poor rigidity. The shorter the length of the processing section 4', the longer the intermediate transition section 3'.

In practical applications, the transition section 3'in the middle of the tool has no positive effect on the drilling process. If the length of the transition section 3'can be reduced, the length of the tool's overall exposed chuck can be reduced, so that the deflection error during the height drilling process can be reduced, and the drilling accuracy can be improved. In addition, reducing the length of the redundant transition section 3'can also reduce the length of the tool, and also reduce the cost of the tool. At present, most of the tools used for PCB drilling are micro-hole drills with a small diameter (refer to Figure 1), but a small part are drills with a relatively large diameter (refer to Figure 2). Generally speaking, the blade of a large knife The length of the knife is longer, and the blade length of the small knife is shorter. However, in order to adapt to the related technology that the chip suction cover of the drilling machine and the spindle maintain the same relative position, the tool lengths of the big knife and the small knife need to be maintained at a uniform size, which leads to It is not compatible with drilling tools of different lengths, and tools with large diameters and long processing sections must be accommodated. In order to accommodate the part of the drill bit with a larger diameter, the length of the micro drill needs to be increased, and changing the length of the micro drill has a great impact on the accuracy and cost of PCB drilling.

Therefore, there is an urgent need for a PCB drilling method and drilling equipment to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

The present application provides a PCB drilling method, which is compatible with tools of different lengths, improves drilling accuracy, and reduces drilling costs.

This application adopts the following technical solutions:

A PCB drilling method includes the following steps:

Step S10, the tool changing mechanism grabs the tool and changes the tool;

Step S20: Determine whether the tool is a small knife or a big knife;

Step S30: Taking the standard length of the small knife L1 or the standard length of the big knife L2 as a reference, the system automatically configures the relative position of the presser foot and the tool tip;

Step S40, drilling holes corresponding to the tool;

Step S50: Repeat the above steps S10-S40 until all the hole positions are processed.

Optionally, in step S20, determining that the tool is a small knife or a large knife includes:

If the diameter of the tool is greater than d, it is a big tool;

If the diameter of the tool is less than or equal to d, it is a small knife.

As an option, in step S30, after the system automatically configures the relative position of the presser foot and the tool tip, it also includes: taking the standard length of the small knife L1 or the standard length of the big knife L2 as a reference, the system automatically configures the tool measuring height. Optionally, after step S30, before step S40, the method further includes:

Measure the length and diameter of the tool.

As an option, the system automatically configures the relative position of the presser foot and the tool tip in step S30 as follows: configure the relative position of the presser foot and the tool tip by adjusting the height of the chip suction cover. Optionally, the height adjustment of the dust suction cover is:

If the tool is a big knife, adjust the position of the chip suction cover to the first height;

If the tool is a small knife, adjust the position of the chip suction cover to the second height;

Wherein, the difference between the first height and the second height is L2-L1.

Alternatively, the position of the dust suction cover is adjusted by a multi-stroke cylinder or electric cylinder.

As an option, the system in step S30 automatically configures the relative position of the presser foot and the tool tip as follows: configure the relative position of the presser foot and the tool tip by adjusting the height of the spindle.

Optionally, the height of the adjustment spindle is:

If the tool is a big knife, adjust the position of the spindle to the first distance;

If the tool is a small knife, adjust the position of the spindle to the second distance;

Wherein, the difference between the first distance and the second distance is L2-L1.

This application also provides a PCB drilling method, including the following steps:

Step S10, the tool changing mechanism grabs the tool and changes the tool;

Step S20: Determine whether the tool is a small knife or a big knife;

Step S30: When the tool is a small knife, automatically configure the relative position of the presser foot and the tip of the tool based on the standard length L1 of the small knife; when the tool is a large knife, take the standard length L2 of the large knife as the reference, Automatically configure the relative position of the presser foot and the tip of the tool;

Step S40: Drill holes corresponding to the tool.

As an option, in step S20, determining that the tool is a small knife or a large knife includes:

If the standard diameter of the tool is greater than d, it is a big tool;

If the standard diameter of the tool is less than or equal to d, it is a small knife;

Among them, d is the critical value of the standard diameter of the big knife and the small knife.

As an option, in step S20, determining that the tool is a small knife or a large knife includes:

If the standard length of the tool is greater than L, it is a big tool;

If the standard length of the tool is less than or equal to L, it is a small knife;

Among them, L is the critical value of the standard length of the big knife and the small knife.

As an option, in step S30, automatically configuring the relative position of the presser foot and the tip of the tool includes: adjusting the height of the chip suction cover to configure the relative position of the presser foot and the tip of the tool.

As an option, the adjusting the height of the dust suction cover includes:

If the tool is a big knife, adjust the position of the chip suction cover to the first height;

If the tool is a small knife, adjust the position of the chip suction cover to the second height; Wherein, the difference between the first height and the second height is L2-LL

As an option, the position of the dust suction cover is adjusted by a multi-stroke cylinder or electric cylinder.

As an option, in step S30, automatically configuring the relative position of the presser foot and the tip of the tool includes: configuring the relative position of the presser foot and the tip of the tool by adjusting the height of the spindle.

As an option, the adjusting the height of the main shaft includes:

If the tool is a big knife, adjusting the position of the spindle to the first distance;

If the tool is a small knife, adjusting the position of the spindle to the second distance;

Wherein, the difference between the first distance and the second distance is L2-L1.

As an option, in step S30, before the automatic configuration of the relative positions of the presser foot and the tip of the tool, the method further includes:

Measure the actual length L'and actual diameter d'of the tool;

If the tool is a big one, judge whether |L'-L2| and/or |d'-d2| are within the tolerance range, if yes, proceed to the next step, if not, re-execute step S10 or alarm;

If the tool is a small knife, judge whether |L'-L1| and/or |d'-dl| are within the tolerance range, if yes, proceed to the next step, if not, re-execute step S10 or alarm;

Among them, dl is the standard diameter of the small knife, and d2 is the standard diameter of the big knife.

As an option, after automatically configuring the relative position of the presser foot and the tip of the tool in step S30, the method further includes:

Based on the standard length of the small knife L1 or the standard length of the big knife L2, according to the difference between the actual length L'of the tool and the standard length of the small knife L1 or the standard length L2 of the big knife, the tool is automatically configured relative to the machine table. the height of.

This application also provides a drilling device, which is compatible with tools of different lengths, improves drilling accuracy, and reduces drilling costs.

This application adopts the following technical solutions:

A drilling device, the device adopts the aforementioned PCB drilling method, the drilling device includes: a spindle clamp configured to move relative to the PCB board to be processed;

A chip suction cover slidably connected to the spindle clamp, a ring-shaped presser foot is provided at the bottom of the chip suction cover; a main shaft is connected to the spindle clamp, and the tool is connected to the bottom of the main shaft and is located inside the presser foot; and

A drive assembly is connected to the spindle clamp and the output end is connected to the chip suction cover or the spindle, and the drive assembly is configured to adjust the distance from the presser foot to the tip of the tool. This application also provides a drilling device, which includes:

The spindle clamp is configured to move relative to the PCB board to be processed;

A chip suction cover, which is slidably connected with the spindle clamp;

Presser foot, the presser foot is arranged at the bottom of the dust suction cover, and the presser foot is ring-shaped;

A spindle, connected with the spindle clamp;

A cutter, the cutter is connected to the spindle and is located inside the presser foot; and

The drive assembly is connected with the spindle clamp, and the output end of the drive assembly is connected with the chip suction cover, and the drive assembly is configured to drive the chip suction cover to adjust the pressure foot to the tool The distance of the tool tip.

This application also provides a drilling device, which includes:

The spindle clamp is configured to move relative to the PCB board to be processed;

A dust suction cover connected with the spindle clamp;

Presser foot, the presser foot is arranged at the bottom of the dust suction cover, and the presser foot is ring-shaped;

The main shaft is slidably connected with the main shaft clamp;

A cutter, the cutter is connected to the spindle and is located inside the presser foot; and

A drive assembly connected to the spindle clamp, and the output end of the drive assembly is connected to the spindle, the drive assembly is configured to drive the spindle to adjust the distance from the presser foot to the tip of the tool .

This application provides a PCB drilling method and drilling equipment. The PCB drilling method includes: the tool change mechanism grabs the tool and changes the tool; judging that the tool is a small knife or a big knife; taking the standard length of the small knife L1 or the standard length L2 of the big knife as a reference, automatically configuring the presser foot and the tip of the tool The relative position of the tool; drill the hole corresponding to the tool; change the tool and repeat the above steps until the processing is completed. This application establishes two different sets of benchmarks for small knives and big knives, and adjusts the distance between the presser foot and the tip of the tool according to the actual tool grabbed. At the starting position of drilling, the tip distance of all drilling tools is from the presser foot The distance is the same, and it can be compatible with tools of different lengths during processing, and because the small tool becomes shorter, the dynamic deflection under the high-speed rotation of the spindle will be reduced, and the rigidity will also increase, which will improve the accuracy of drilling. At the same time, reducing the length of the tool holder can also reduce the cost of the tool. Description of the drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the knife provided in this application;

Figure 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the broad knife provided by the present application; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the drilling equipment provided by the present application;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the driving assembly provided by the present application;

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram from another angle of Fig. 4;

6 is a cross-sectional view of part of the structure of the drilling equipment provided by the present application when it is in the tool change position; FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the part of the structure when the drilling equipment provided by the present application is in the initial position of the knife drilling;

Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view of part of the structure of the drilling equipment provided by the present application when it is in the initial position of the big knife drilling;

Figure 9 is the first flow chart of the PCB drilling method provided by this application;

Figure 10 is the second flowchart of the PCB drilling method provided by this application;

Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the drilling cycle of the PCB drilling method of the present application.

In the picture:

1', sleeve ring; 2', clamping section; 3', transition section; 4', processing section;

1. Spindle clamp; 2. Z-axis motor; 3. Chip suction cover; 4. Spindle; 5. Drive components; 51. First cylinder; 52-Second cylinder; 6. Presser foot; 7. Cutter; 8. Knife Library. detailed description

The technical solutions of the present application will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and specific implementations.

This embodiment provides a drilling device that is compatible with tools of different lengths, improves drilling accuracy, and reduces drilling costs. As shown in Figure 3, the drilling equipment includes a spindle clamp 1, a Z-axis motor 2, a chip suction cover 3, a spindle 4, and a drive assembly 5. Among them, the spindle clamp 1 is connected to the Z-axis motor 2, and the Z-axis motor 2 drives the spindle clamp 1 to move, so that the spindle clamp 1 is raised and lowered relative to the PCB board to be processed; the chip suction cover 3 is slidably connected to the spindle clamp 1 and the chip suction cover 3 An annular presser foot 6 is provided at the bottom of the presser foot 6, and the inside of the presser foot 6 communicates with the inside of the dust suction cover 3, and the dust suction cover 3 is connected to the negative pressure device through a dust suction pipe; the spindle 4 is connected to the spindle clamp 1, and the tool 7 is connected to The bottom of the main shaft 4 is located inside the presser foot 6. The drive assembly 5 is connected to the spindle clamp 1 and the output end of the drive assembly 5 is connected to the chip suction cover 3. The drive assembly 5 is configured to adjust the distance between the presser foot 6 and the tip of the tool 7 by moving the chip suction cover 3.

In some embodiments, the driving assembly 5 may be a multi-stroke cylinder or an electric cylinder, so as to provide at least two different driving positions to meet different distance adjustments.

As shown in FIG. 4, the driving assembly 5 is a single-ended three-position cylinder, which includes a first cylinder 51 and a second cylinder

52. The fixed end of the first cylinder 51 is connected to the spindle clamp 1, and the output end of the second cylinder 52 is connected to the first cylinder The cylinder body of the cylinder 51 is connected, and the output end of the first cylinder 51 is connected to the dust suction cover 3. The driving assembly 5 has three driving positions, the first driving position is that the output ends of the two cylinders are not extended, the second driving position is that the output ends of one of the cylinders are extended, and the third driving position is two The output ends of the cylinders are all extended. As shown in Figure 5, the working process of the single-ended three-position cylinder is:

Intake from the A port and exhaust from the B and C ports, the piston of the second cylinder 52 pushes the cylinder rod to extend, thereby driving the first cylinder 51 to move, so that the front end of the cylinder rod reaches the second driving position, thereby driving the suction The chip cover 3 reaches the second driving position;

Intake from ports A and B, and exhaust from port C, the pistons of the first cylinder 51 and the second cylinder 52 jointly push the cylinder rod to extend, so that the front end of the cylinder rod reaches the third driving position, thereby driving the chip suction cover 3 Reach the third driving position;

Intake from port C and exhaust from ports A and B, the pistons of the first cylinder 51 and the second cylinder 52 retract together, so that the front end of the cylinder rod reaches the first driving position, which in turn drives the chip suction cover 3 to the first drive position. One drive position.

In this embodiment, the three driving positions of the driving assembly 5 are shown in Figures 6-8, the first driving position is the tool change position (refer to Figure 6), and the second driving position is the drill of the knife. The initial position of the hole (refer to Figure 7), and the third driving position is the initial position of the drill hole (refer to Figure 8). As shown in Figures 6-8, the height of the spindle 4 remains unchanged. When in the tool change position, the tool 7 needs to be exposed out of the presser foot 6 for a certain distance. At this time, the output end of the drive assembly 5 is in the first drive position; When the initial drilling position and the initial drilling position of the big knife, the tool 7 does not expose the presser foot 6, and the tip of the tool 7 needs to keep a fixed distance from the bottom end surface of the presser foot 6. Therefore, the driving position of the output end of the driving assembly 5 is different. For example, if the total stroke length of the drive assembly 5 is 25mm, the three positions can be 0mm stroke, 15mm stroke and 25mm stroke (the value represents the extension distance of the output end of the drive assembly 5). Among them, the 0mm stroke is the tool change position, the 15mm stroke is the initial drilling position of the small knife, and the 25mm stroke is the initial drilling position of the big knife. A drill of the same length as in the related technology can be used at the initial position of the big knife drilling hole. A tool with a length of 10mm shorter than that in the related technology can be used at the initial position of the knife hole.

This embodiment only takes two tools with different lengths as an example to illustrate that the drive assembly 5 has three drive positions. In some other embodiments, the cylinder 51 in the drive assembly 5 can be replaced with an electric cylinder with more precise stroke adjustment. The adjustment of the position of the dust suction cover 3 through the electric cylinder enables the driving assembly 5 to have more driving positions, so as to be able to adapt to three or more types of tools 7.

Therefore, when designing the tool 7, the length of the tool with the smaller diameter does not have to be adapted to the tool with the larger diameter The length of the knife can be designed to be shorter, which is beneficial to improve the rigidity and service life of the knife. And because the knife becomes shorter, the dynamic deflection under the high-speed rotation of the spindle 4 will decrease, and the rigidity will increase, which will improve the accuracy of drilling. At the same time, reducing the length of the tool holder can also reduce the cost of the tool.

In other embodiments, the drive assembly 5 is connected to the spindle clamp, and the output end of the drive assembly 5 is connected to the spindle. The drive assembly 5 is configured to drive the spindle to adjust the distance from the presser foot to the tip of the tool. At this time, the spindle The clamp 1 and the main shaft 4 are slidably connected for relative movement. For example, an air floating structure can be arranged between the two to realize relative movement. During this adjustment process, the presser foot can be fixed, and the tool can be moved by the movement of the spindle, thereby realizing the adjustment of the distance between the tip of the tool and the presser foot.

As shown in Figure 3, the drilling equipment also includes a tool magazine 8 and a tool changing mechanism. The tool magazine 8 is arranged on one side of the spindle clamp 1, and a plurality of tools 7 are sequentially placed in the tool magazine 8, and the tool changing mechanism is set to The tool 7 in the tool magazine 8 is installed at the bottom of the spindle 4, and the tool 7 installed at the bottom of the spindle 4 is put back in the tool magazine 8 to realize the tool change. When changing the tool, the presser foot 6 moves upward relative to the spindle 4, so that the bottom of the spindle 4 protrudes from the presser foot 6—a certain distance is exposed, which is convenient for tool change.

As shown in Figure 9, the above drilling equipment performs the following steps in sequence when drilling:

Step S10, the tool changing mechanism grabs the tool and changes the tool;

Step S20: Judge whether the tool is a small knife or a big knife;

Step S30: When the tool is a small knife, automatically configure the relative position of the presser foot and the tip of the tool 7 based on the standard length of the small knife L1; when the tool is a large knife, use the standard length L2 of the large knife as the reference, automatically Configure the relative position of the presser foot and the tool tip;

Step S40: Drill holes corresponding to the tool.

This application establishes two different sets of benchmarks for small knives and large knives, respectively. Adjust the distance between the presser foot 6 and the tool tip of the tool 7 according to the tool 7 actually grabbed. At the starting position of drilling, the tip of all drilling tools The distance from the presser foot is the same, and it can be compatible with tools of different lengths during processing. And because the small knife becomes shorter, the dynamic deflection under high-speed rotation of the spindle 4 will be reduced, and the rigidity will increase, thereby improving the accuracy of drilling . At the same time, reducing the length of the tool holder can also reduce the cost of the tool 7.

In some embodiments, referring to FIG. 10, in step S20, determining that the tool 7 is a small knife or a big knife includes:

If the standard diameter of tool 7 is greater than d, it is a big tool;

If the standard diameter of tool 7 is less than or equal to d, it is a small knife.

Among them, since the tool 7 is installed in the tool magazine 8 in a certain order, each position in the tool magazine 8 is preset with diameter data matching the diameter of the inserted tool 7. When the tool changer mechanism automatically grabs the tool according to the setting program. When the tool 7 is taken, the standard diameter of the tool 7 can be automatically distinguished as being greater than d or less than or equal to d (where d is the preset standard diameter critical value of the big knife and the small knife), thereby distinguishing the big knife and the small knife. It should be pointed out that in this embodiment, all the big knives are knives of the same length (standard diameter is d2, standard length is L2), all small knives are also knives of the same length (standard diameter is dl, standard length is L1 ).

In addition, in other embodiments, in step S20, determining that the tool 7 is a small knife or a large knife may also include:

If the standard length of tool 7 is greater than L, it is a big knife;

If the standard length of tool 7 is less than or equal to L, it is a small knife.

Among them, since the tools 7 are installed in the tool magazine 8 in a certain order, each position in the tool magazine 8 is preset with length data that matches the length of the inserted tool 7, when the tool change mechanism automatically grabs the tool according to the setting program. When the tool 7 is taken, the standard length of the tool 7 can be automatically distinguished as being greater than L or less than or equal to L (where L is the pre-set critical value of the standard length of the large knife and the small knife), thereby distinguishing between the large knife and the small knife. It should be pointed out that in this embodiment, all the big knives are knives of the same length (standard diameter is d2, standard length is L2), all small knives are also knives of the same length (standard diameter is dl, standard length is L1 ).

Regardless of the standard diameter or standard length of the tool, it can be preliminarily judged whether the tool is a big knife or a small knife.

After step S20 determines that tool 7 is a small knife or a big knife, proceed to step S30. In some embodiments, the small knife is based on its standard length L1, and the big knife is based on its standard length L2. The device automatically configures the relative position of the presser foot 6 to the tip of the tool 7.

In this embodiment, the presser foot 6 is arranged at the bottom of the dust suction cover 3, and the relative position of the presser foot and the tool tip can be configured by adjusting the height of the dust suction cover 3. In some embodiments, adjusting the height of the chip suction cover 3 includes: if the tool 7 is a large knife, adjusting the position of the chip suction cover 3 to the first height; if the tool 7 is a small knife, adjusting the position of the chip suction cover 3 to the first height Two heights; where the difference between the first height and the second height is (L2-L1), it should be noted that the first height and the second height are based on the table of the machine, from the table to the dust hood The distance from the bottom surface. When configuring the relative position of the presser foot 6 and the tool tip by adjusting the height of the chip suction cover 3, the position of the spindle 4 remains unchanged, that is, the position of the tool remains unchanged. Adjusting the height of the dust suction cover 3 can keep the presser foot at a proper distance from the tool tip. When the difference between the first height and the second height is (L2-L1), whether it is a big knife or a small knife, the position of the presser foot from the tool tip is always the same. In this embodiment, the position of the dust hood 3 is adjusted by a multi-stroke cylinder or an electric cylinder, which can realize the adjustment of multiple positions.

It is understandable that "L2-L1" refers to the difference between the standard length of the big knife L2 and the standard length of the small knife L1, that is, the calculation result of the standard length of the big knife L2 minus the standard length L1 of the small knife. In other embodiments, the relative position of the presser foot and the tip of the tool 7 can also be configured by adjusting the height of the spindle 4. In some embodiments, adjusting the height of the spindle 4 includes: if the tool 7 is a large tool, adjusting the position of the spindle 4 to a first distance; if the tool 7 is a small tool, adjusting the position of the spindle 4 to a second distance. Wherein, the difference between the first distance and the second distance is (L2-L1). It should be noted that the first distance and the second distance are the distances from the table surface to the bottom surface of the spindle based on the table surface of the machine table. When configuring the relative position of the presser foot and the tool tip by adjusting the height of the spindle, the position of the chip suction cover remains unchanged, that is, the position of the presser foot remains unchanged. Adjusting the height of the spindle can keep the tip of the tool at a proper distance from the presser foot. When the difference between the first distance and the second distance is (L2-L1), whether it is a big knife or a small knife, the position of the tip of the knife from the presser foot is always the same.

In step S30, before automatically configuring the relative position of the presser foot 6 and the tip of the tool 7, it also includes: measuring the actual length L'and the actual diameter d'of the tool. Among them, L'and d'are the actual length and actual diameter of the tool 7. Since each tool 7 has some accuracy errors during the machining process, the actual length and actual diameter of each tool 7 may be different. By measuring L’ and d’, it is possible to accurately judge whether the tool is grasped accurately. After measuring L'and d', if the tool 7 is a big knife, it is necessary to judge whether |L'-L2| and/or |d'-d2| are within the tolerance range, if so, proceed to the next step, and then proceed Configure the distance between the presser foot 6 and the tip of the tool, if not, then re-execute step S10 or call for manual processing; if the tool is a small knife, judge whether |L'-L1| and/or |d'-dl | Within the tolerance range, if yes, proceed to the next step, that is, configure the distance between the presser foot 6 and the tool tip, if not, then re-execute step S10 or alarm for manual processing. Among them, the tolerance ranges mentioned above are all preset, and the values of the tolerance ranges need to be selected and set according to actual conditions. For example, the tolerance range of the above diameter is 0-0.05mm, and the tolerance range of the length is 0-0.5mm.

It is understandable that "|L'-L1|" refers to the absolute value of the difference between the actual length L'and the standard length of the knife L1; "|d'-dl|" refers to the actual diameter d'and The absolute value of the difference between the standard diameter dl of the knife.

By measuring L'and d', the judgment of the tool is made more accurate, so that the distance between the presser foot 6 and the tool tip can be configured more accurately to ensure that the tool meets the range of the reference system, and the stable operation of the equipment is not prone to failure .

In step S30, after automatically configuring the relative position of the presser foot 6 and the tool tip, it also includes: taking the standard length of the small knife L1 or the standard length L2 of the big knife as a reference, according to the actual length L'of the tool and the standard length of the small knife L1 or the standard length L2 of the big knife. Difference, automatically configure the height of the tool relative to the machine table. In practical applications, a tool measuring device is installed on the machine. After the system configures the distance between the presser foot and the tool tip, the spindle 4, the presser foot 6 and the tool 7 move along the Z axis until the tool tip reaches When the measuring position of the tool detector is detected and the tool position is detected by the laser in the tool detector, the position of the tip of the tool is measured to confirm Determine the distance between the tool and the plane of the machine table to prepare for drilling.

In step S40, the PCB board is drilled, combined with the drilling equipment shown in FIG. 3, during processing, the spindle clamp 1 is lowered, and the presser foot 6 presses the workpiece, and then the spindle clamp 1 continues to descend and drives the spindle 4 to descend , Thereby driving the tool 7 down and drilling. When the machining of a hole is completed, the spindle clamp 1 rises until the tool 7 and the presser foot 6 are separated from the PCB board. If there are holes to be processed by the tool 7 on the PCB board, the spindle clamp 1 will move to the corresponding position and continue drilling. When the tool 7 finishes processing all holes with the same diameter, the system judges whether there are any holes to be machined, thereby judging whether the tool needs to be changed, if yes, repeat the above steps S10-S40, if not, the program ends, and the drilling is performed carry out.

Drilling equipment is a device that requires very high drilling efficiency and accuracy. Under normal circumstances, each spindle can process 8-10 holes or more per second, so the distance between the presser foot 6 and the tool tip is critical The index has very strict requirements. If the distance is too large, the distance between the tool tip and the workpiece will be large, and the Z-axis drilling action distance will increase, which greatly affects efficiency; if the distance is too small, the tool tip will easily scratch the cover of the workpiece or precede the presser foot 6 Press the workpiece tightly, which can easily cause accuracy deviation and even break the tool. Therefore, the distance from the tool tip to the presser foot 6 is usually set in the range of l-2mm and remains unchanged, which limits the tool length in related technologies to a uniform length. Conversely, if a small knife with a shorter length is used for processing under the structure of the related art, the distance between the presser foot 6 and the tool tip will be increased, thereby significantly reducing the efficiency of drilling processing.

As shown in FIG. 11, it is a schematic diagram of the drilling cycle of the PCB drilling method of this application, where t0-t6 is an entire drilling cycle, _t0 -t3 is the Z-axis movement process of the drilling cycle, and the xy-axis stops. In some embodiments, during tO-tl, the Z axis quickly moves downward from the initial position of the drilling to approach the board surface of the PCB board. At the tl position, the presser foot approaches the board surface of the PCB board for a very small distance (this distance can be Setting), at this time the Z axis speed reaches the set drilling processing feed rate (the feed rate is one of the important process parameters of drilling, mainly determined by the tool diameter, spindle speed and plate characteristics), but usually this speed is very high slow.

In some embodiments, tl' can be considered as the tip of the knife starts to contact the surface of the PCB board to start the formal cutting process. Therefore, the distance from the presser foot to the tool tip is included in the tl-tl' process. If the distance from the presser foot to the tool tip increases, the Z-axis speed at this time is very slow, so the time of tl' will be greatly increased.

tl-t2 is the cutting process, t2-t3 Z axis decelerates and returns. Return to the initial height when it reaches the t3 position. t4-t5 is the synchronous movement of the xy axis, and the Z axis is stationary.

t3-t4, t5-t6 is the delay time.

Among them, the unit of time t is s, and the unit of speed v is m/s.

As mentioned earlier, during tl-tl', the Z axis travels at a very slow feed rate through a displacement including the distance from the presser foot to the tool tip. When the solution of this application is not adopted, the distance will change due to the length of the knife It is very long, so the ti-tr of each hole becomes very long, which ultimately leads to a significant decrease in drilling efficiency. After adopting the solution of the present application, it can be ensured that the displacement of the ti-tr segment when using a small knife is the same as that of a large knife, so the efficiency is not affected.

In this embodiment, tools of different lengths are used to drill holes with different requirements, and during the drilling process, the chip suction cover 3 and the presser foot 6 are cleverly used to ensure the safety of the tools:

1) Before the tool tip touches the workpiece to be drilled, the presser foot 6 first touches the workpiece to be drilled, and flattens the workpiece to be drilled to ensure that the fine tool tip does not deflect, slide or even break when it contacts the workpiece to be drilled. , Especially for the tip of a knife;

2) During the drilling process, it is always in contact with the workpiece to be drilled, so that the chip suction cover 3, the workpiece to be drilled and the presser foot 6 are combined to form a cavity, and the dust suction pipe connected with the chip suction cover 3 can be used for drilling At the same time, the presser foot 6 is provided with an air duct for air intake, which can form a rotating air flow field and take away the dust together with the vacuum negative pressure to improve the reliability of dust collection; and the dust can be carried Heat dissipation reduces the temperature of the tool, which is helpful for fast, efficient and accurate drilling;

3) After drilling, the tool is lifted away from the workpiece with the spindle. In order to improve the overall drilling efficiency, the distance between the tool tip and the workpiece is generally required to be as small as possible; in order to ensure that the tool tip does not scratch the workpiece, the thin cover on the surface of the workpiece is not damaged The vacuum negative pressure is brought up. At this time, the presser foot 6 is required to block the cover of the workpiece surface. After the presser foot 6 leaves the workpiece, the x and y axes can move to the next drilling position for the next drilling, so as to ensure that every Stability and reliability during secondary drilling and changing drilling positions.

Obviously, the above-mentioned embodiments of the present application are only used to clearly illustrate the examples of the present application, and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other changes or modifications in different forms can be made on the basis of the above description. There is no need and cannot give an exhaustive list of all implementation methods.

Claims

WO 2020/173158 Claims PCT/CN2019/121608

1. A PCB drilling method, including the following steps:

Step S10, the tool changing mechanism grabs the tool and changes the tool;

Step S20: Determine whether the tool is a small knife or a big knife;

Step S30: When the tool is a small knife, automatically configure the relative position of the presser foot and the tip of the tool based on the standard length L1 of the small knife; when the tool is a large knife, take the standard length L2 of the large knife as the reference, Automatically configure the relative position of the presser foot and the tip of the tool;

Step S40: Drill holes corresponding to the tool.

2. The PCB drilling method according to claim 1, wherein, in step S20, determining that the tool is a small knife or a big knife comprises:

If the standard diameter of the tool is greater than d, it is a big tool;

If the standard diameter of the tool is less than or equal to d, it is a small knife;

Among them, d is the critical value of the standard diameter of the big knife and the small knife.

3. The PCB drilling method according to claim 1, wherein, in step S20, determining that the tool is a small knife or a big knife comprises:

If the standard length of the tool is greater than L, it is a big tool;

If the standard length of the tool is less than or equal to L, it is a small knife;

Among them, L is the critical value of the standard length of the big knife and the small knife.

4. The PCB drilling method according to claim 1, wherein, in step S30, automatically configuring the relative position of the presser foot and the tip of the tool comprises: adjusting the height of the chip suction cover to configure the presser foot and the tip of the tool relative position.

5. The PCB drilling method according to claim 4, wherein said adjusting the height of the dust suction cover comprises:

If the tool is a big knife, adjust the position of the chip suction cover to the first height;

If the tool is a small knife, adjust the position of the chip suction cover to the second height;

Wherein, the difference between the first height and the second height is L2-L1.

6. The PCB drilling method according to claim 5, wherein the position of the chip suction cover is adjusted by a multi-stroke cylinder or an electric cylinder.

7. The PCB drilling method according to claim 1, wherein, in step S30, automatically configuring the relative position of the presser foot and the tip of the tool comprises: configuring the relative position of the presser foot and the tip of the tool by adjusting the height of the spindle position.

8. The PCB drilling method according to claim 7, wherein the adjusting the height of the spindle comprises: If the tool is a big knife, adjusting the position of the spindle to the first distance;

If the tool is a small knife, adjusting the position of the spindle to the second distance;

Wherein, the difference between the first distance and the second distance is L2-L1.

9. The PCB drilling method according to claim 1, in step S30, before the automatically configuring the relative position of the presser foot and the tip of the tool, the PCB drilling method further comprises:

Measure the actual length L'and actual diameter d'of the tool;

If the tool is a big knife, judge whether |L'-L2| and |d'-d2| are within the tolerance range, if not, execute step S10 again or alarm;

If the tool is a small knife, it is judged whether |L'-L1| and |d'-dl| are within the tolerance range, if not, step S10 is executed again or an alarm is issued;

Among them, dl is the standard diameter of the small knife, and d2 is the standard diameter of the big knife.

10. The PCB drilling method according to claim 1, in step S30, before the automatically configuring the relative position of the presser foot and the tip of the tool, the PCB drilling method further comprises:

Measure the actual length L'of the tool;

If the tool is a big one, judge whether |L'-L2| is within the tolerance range, if not, execute step S10 again or give an alarm;

If the tool is a small knife, it is judged whether |L'-L1| is within the tolerance range, if not, step S10 is executed again or an alarm is issued.

11. The PCB drilling method according to claim 1, in step S30, before the automatically configuring the relative position of the presser foot and the tip of the tool, the PCB drilling method further comprises:

Measure the actual diameter of the tool d';

If the tool is a big one, judge whether |d'-d2| is within the tolerance range, and if not, execute step S10 again or give an alarm;

If the tool is a small knife, judge whether |d'-dl| is within the tolerance range, if not, execute step S10 again or give an alarm;

Among them, dl is the standard diameter of the small knife, and d2 is the standard diameter of the big knife.

12. The PCB drilling method according to any one of claims 9-11, in step S30, after automatically configuring the relative positions of the presser foot and the tip of the tool, the PCB drilling method further comprises:

Based on the standard length of the small knife L1 or the standard length of the big knife L2, according to the difference between the actual length L'of the tool and the standard length of the small knife L1 or the standard length L2 of the big knife, the tool is automatically configured relative to the machine table. the height of.

13. A kind of drilling equipment, the drilling equipment includes:

The spindle clamp is configured to move relative to the PCB board to be processed;

A chip suction cover, which is slidably connected with the spindle clamp;

Presser foot, the presser foot is arranged at the bottom of the dust suction cover, and the presser foot is ring-shaped;

A spindle, connected with the spindle clamp;

A cutter, the cutter is connected to the spindle and is located inside the presser foot; and

The drive assembly is connected with the spindle clamp, and the output end of the drive assembly is connected with the chip suction cover, and the drive assembly is configured to drive the chip suction cover to adjust the pressure foot to the tool The distance of the tool tip.

14. A drilling equipment, the drilling equipment comprising:

The spindle clamp is configured to move relative to the PCB board to be processed;

A dust suction cover connected with the spindle clamp;

Presser foot, the presser foot is arranged at the bottom of the dust suction cover, and the presser foot is ring-shaped;

The main shaft is slidably connected with the main shaft clamp;

A cutter, the cutter is connected to the spindle and is located inside the presser foot; and

A drive assembly connected to the spindle clamp, and the output end of the drive assembly is connected to the spindle, the drive assembly is configured to drive the spindle to adjust the distance from the presser foot to the tip of the tool .