WO2020166108A1 - Distribution method for biomass fuel containing palm kernel shell, and distribution center for biomass fuel containing palm kernel shell - Google Patents

Abstract

Provided is a method for stably supplying, to a customer, a biomass fuel containing a palm kernel shell having a predetermined quality specification.　The distribution method for biomass fuel containing palm kernel shell comprises: a step (a) for receiving an unprocessed fuel from a supply source; a step (b) for performing, on the unprocessed fuel, a separation process to remove fiber portions of the palm kernel shell; a step (c) for determining whether the biomass fuel obtained in step (b) is a reception product fuel exhibiting higher odorousness than shipping-standard odorousness, or a product fuel exhibiting odorousness that is within the shipping-standard odorousness; a step (d) for executing predetermined deodorization processing on the reception product fuel, thereby generating the product fuel; a step (e) for specifying, according to the quality of the product fuel, a storage destination from among a plurality of product holding sites, and storing the product fuel therein; and a step (f) for shipping the product fuel stored in the product holding site to a shipping destination.

Description

Biomass fuel distribution method containing palm palm shells and biomass fuel distribution base containing palm palm shells

The present invention relates to a distribution method of a biomass fuel containing palm palm shells, and a distribution base for carrying out the method.

Due to the enforcement of the Act on Special Measures for Renewable Energy, renewable energy such as tree trunks and branches, cutting chips, bark chips, sawdust, bark, construction waste materials, etc. can be used for power generation boilers and cement clinker burning equipment. Technology development for use as an alternative fuel is underway. In particular, from the viewpoint of quantity stability and calorific value, the use of biomass derived from the palm oil industry in Malaysia and Indonesia is being actively promoted.

Palm Kernel Shell (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “PKS”) is a by-product of the palm oil industry, generating more than 10 million tons per year and having a high calorific value of more than 4000 Kcal/kg. In addition, since it has a desirable characteristic as a renewable resource that the amount of ash when burned is small, it is being actively used as a biomass fuel.

On the other hand, since PKS contains a large amount of various fatty acids including lower fatty acids such as caprylic acid and capric acid, when dealing with a large amount of PKS, odor countermeasures are necessary. For example, the following Patent Document 1 discloses a method for storing palm palm seed shells, which comprises performing a heat treatment at a temperature of 80° C. or higher using extracted steam generated from a power generation facility, and then storing the resulting palm palm seed shells. .. Further, in Patent Document 2 below, a handling method including a heat treatment step at 115° C. or higher, adjusting the total water content of palm palm seed shells to 7 to 15% by mass, and further adjusting the oil content to 10 mg or less per 1 g of PKS. Is disclosed.

JP, 2016-43335, A JP, 2016-93790, A

However, the method disclosed in Patent Document 1 or Patent Document 2 requires a heat source in a storage place, a treatment place, etc. for deodorizing PKS, and intends to utilize PKS as a biomass fuel. The above restrictions will occur. Further, it is not a drastic countermeasure technique for stably supplying PKS to consumers.

The present invention has been made in view of the problems in distribution of PKS including the problem of odor, and in particular, it is possible to stably supply a biomass fuel containing palm palm shells having a predetermined quality characteristic to consumers. The purpose is to provide a possible method. Further, the present invention is a distribution base for realizing such a method (hereinafter, referred to as “distribution base”), and suppresses generation of unpleasant odor of PKS so that it can be installed in the suburbs of the demand area. The purpose is to provide a distribution base with functions.

The biomass fuel containing palm palm shell (PKS) in the present invention refers to a woody biomass fuel containing 50 mass% or more of PKS, which is woody biomass derived from the palm oil industry. In the biomass fuel containing this PKS, as a mixture other than PKS, for example, palm trunks (Oil Palm Trunk, OPT), foliage (Oil Palm Palm Fronds, OPF), PKS such as empty fruit bunch (EFB), etc. Other woody biomass derived from the palm oil industry, and woodchips or wood pellets mixed with PKS mixed with PKS as one of the deodorizing methods in the biomass fuel distribution method of the present invention as described below. ..

The present invention is a method for distributing a biomass fuel containing palm palm shells,
A step (a) of receiving a pre-processed fuel, which is a biomass fuel containing palm coconut shells, which is a raw material of a product fuel which is a biomass fuel containing palm coconut shells that can be shipped, from a supply source;
A step (b) of performing a separation treatment on the unprocessed fuel received in the step (a) to remove a fiber portion of palm palm shells;
A step (c) of determining whether the biomass fuel obtained in the step (b) is an accepted fuel having an odor higher than the odor that can be shipped or the product fuel having an odor within the odor that can be shipped When,
A step (d) of generating the product fuel by performing a predetermined deodorizing process on the received product fuel;
A step (e) of identifying a storage location of the product fuel from a plurality of product storage areas according to the quality of the product fuel and storing the product fuel in the identified product storage area;
The method may further include the step (f) of shipping the product fuel stored in the product storage to a shipping destination.

According to the above method, a biomass fuel containing palm palm shells (PKS) (hereinafter referred to as “pre-processing fuel”) that is carried in with varying degrees of odor intensity is received at one location and the odor is received. After being deodorized by being appropriately treated according to its strength, it is stored in different storage locations depending on the quality of the fuel. In addition, the "fuel before processing" here refers to the biomass fuel containing PKS in the state before removing the fiber part of a palm palm shell.

For example, Tenera spp. (main production areas) cultivated so that the proportion of endocarp in the palm palm fruit is small and the proportion of mesocarp (Mesocarp) is large so that the yield of palm oil is high , Malaysia has a strong odor, while Dura, which has a large proportion of endocarp in the fruit and a small proportion of mesocarp relative to Tenera, has a weak odor. .. In addition, the unprocessed fuel causes self-heating due to oxidation of oil, etc., so that the temperature inside the hold during shipping is about 90°C. If the temperature environment is around 90° C., it is possible to inactivate various bacteria that cause odor, but if the humidity in the hold is high, the inactivation of such bacteria will be insufficient.

In the process (a), the unprocessed fuel brought in from the palm coconut shell supply sites such as Malaysia and Indonesia and other biomass fuel distribution bases is first subjected to separation treatment in the process (b). By this separation treatment, PKS contained in the unprocessed fuel is separated into a shell portion having a weak odor intensity and a whisker-shaped fiber portion having a strong odor intensity.

Biomass fuel containing PKS composed of separated PKS shells (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “PKS fuel”) has an odor that is directly shipped to consumers (hereinafter referred to as “shippable odor”). It means that the product cannot be shipped as it is because it does not satisfy the odor that can be shipped, and that deodorization processing is required. This difference in odor intensity is due to the palm palm varieties that produced PKS as a by-product, the temperature and humidity conditions of the storage environment in which the unprocessed fuel had passed before the receiving step (a), and the like. In the present specification, among the PKS fuels that have undergone the step (b), the fuel showing an odor within the odor capable of being shipped as in the former is referred to as a “product fuel”, and the odor having a higher odor than the odor as in shipping as in the latter. Is referred to as "received fuel".

The PKS fuel from which the fiber portion has been separated (removed) is determined to be a received fuel or a product fuel according to the level of odor in step (c).

The PKS fuel judged to be an accepted fuel in the step (c) is subjected to a predetermined deodorizing treatment in the step (d), and becomes a product fuel showing an odor within the odor that can be shipped. As described above, according to the distribution method of the present invention, the deodorizing process can be performed in the base (distribution base) having a function of receiving and storing the unprocessed fuel, and therefore the supply source such as the palm coconut shell supply place Even if the PKS fuel, in which the fiber portion is separated from the unprocessed fuel that has been delivered from the market, does not satisfy the odor that can be shipped, the fuel with the odor suppressed to the extent that it can be shipped (product fuel ) Can be converted to.

Note that the step (d) is not limited to the PKS fuel determined as the received fuel in the step (c), and the fiber portion has already been removed at the time of acceptance in the step (a), and the odor that can be shipped is higher than the odor. The PKS fuel, which has been previously known to have a high odor, that is, the received fuel, may be executed.

Product fuel is stored in the storage location (product storage) according to quality in the process (e). For this reason, even when the customer side orders a product fuel of a specific quality (hereinafter referred to as "required quality"), the stock amount of the product fuel satisfying the required quality in the distribution base is It can be recognized in a short time. Even if the inventory quantity is less than the demand quantity, the received fuel before deodorization processing is stored in the received goods storage area, and as described above, the deodorization processing is performed in the distribution base. As a result, product fuel can be generated, and thus the demand amount can be covered. In this way, the received fuel is deodorized as necessary, and then the product fuel is shipped to the shipping destination (step (f)).

The product fuel to be stored in the product storage in the step (e) may include any one of the following (i) to (iii).
(I) PKS fuel determined to be a product fuel in step (c);
(Ii) PKS fuel converted into product fuel as a result of being subjected to deodorizing treatment in step (d);
(Iii) A PKS fuel in which the fiber portion has already been removed at the time of acceptance in step (a), and it is known in advance that the odor is within the odor that can be shipped, that is, the product fuel.

As described above, according to the distribution method of the present invention, the deodorizing process is executed as necessary in the base that receives and stores the fuel, so that the odor problem is likely to occur in a suburb of the city, for example. Even then, the fuel can be stored. In addition, the PKS fuel may be classified into a product fuel and a received fuel in advance according to the level of the odor, and the deodorizing process may be performed only on the PKS fuel determined to be the received fuel. This eliminates the need for large-scale equipment for realizing the deodorizing process.

Therefore, according to the distribution method of the present invention, it becomes possible to flexibly construct a distribution base (distribution base) of PKS fuel and promote the use of PKS.

The fiber part of PKS separated in the step (b) is not included in the product fuel in the distribution method of the present invention. The fiber portion of such PKS is subjected to deodorizing treatment by heating in a facility different from that of the distribution base of the present invention, and then used as it is or as a binder of pelletized biomass fuel, etc. You can use it as.

The predetermined deodorizing process in the step (d) is a process for mixing the received fuel with wood chips or wood pellets of a species other than palm palm, a deodorant spraying process, and an air venting process at room temperature. One or more processes selected from As the wood chips or wood pellets other than palm palm, for example, wood chips or wood pellets having a deodorizing effect such as cedar, cypress, larch, red pine, and cherry can be adopted.

According to the above method, without using a separate heat source, the deodorizing process is performed on the received fuel having an odor higher than the odor that can be shipped, and a product fuel having an odor within the odor that can be shipped is generated. Therefore, large-scale equipment is not required to execute the deodorizing process.

The step (f) includes
A step (f1) of specifying one or more product storage areas in which the product fuels satisfying quality standards according to the requirements of the shipping destination are stored;
The product fuel stored in the product storage area specified in the step (f1) may be shipped to the shipping destination (f2).

In order to meet the order from the consumer, the product fuel judged in the step (c), the product fuel generated through the deodorizing process in the step (d), or the product fuel accepted in the step (a). In some cases, the product fuel may be shipped without being stored in the product storage area. Then, at this time, there is a case where it is desired to confirm whether or not the product fuel to be shipped satisfies the quality required by the consumer.

For cases like this,
The step (f) includes
Extracting at least a portion of the product fuel (f3);
A step (f4) of analyzing the calorific value and/or a predetermined chemical component of the product fuel extracted in the step (f3);
On the basis of the analysis result of the step (f4), the product is classified according to the range to which one or more indexes selected from the group consisting of the content of alkali metal, the content of chlorine, the content of water, and the calorific value of the product fuel belong. A step (f5) of specifying the quality of the fuel,
There may be provided a step (f6) of confirming that the quality of the product fuel specified in the step (f5) satisfies the quality standard according to the request of the shipping destination.

By the way, as mentioned above, the product fuel is stored in different product areas depending on the quality. Therefore, it is premised that the product fuel stored in each product storage area satisfies the quality assumed by the product storage area. Therefore, by shipping the product fuel stored in the product yard corresponding to the quality that satisfies the demanded quality of the customer, it is normally expected that the quality demanded by the customer will be satisfied. However, even if the product fuel is taken out from the product storage area and shipped, there is a possibility that the quality may change due to moisture absorption during the storage period. It is also assumed that you want to make sure that the above conditions are met.

For cases like this,
The step (f) includes
A step (f1) of specifying one or more product storage areas in which the product fuels satisfying quality standards according to the requirements of the shipping destination are stored;
A step (f2) of shipping the product fuel stored in the product storage specified in the step (f1) to the shipping destination,
Comprising the steps (f3) to (f6) described above,
The step (f3) may include a step of extracting at least a part of the product fuel stored in the product storage specified in the step (f1).

The step (c) is
A step (c1) of extracting at least a part of the biomass fuel obtained in the step (b),
A step (c2) of performing odor measurement on the biomass fuel extracted in the step (c1),
There may be provided a step (c3) of identifying whether or not the odor indicated by the biomass fuel is within the shipmentable odor based on the range to which the measurement result of the step (c2) belongs.

The step (c2) can be a step of measuring the odor of the extracted biomass fuel (PKS fuel) using an odor measuring device such as an odor sensor.

Further, in the step (c), if the odor exhibited by the biomass fuel in the step (c3) exceeds the odor that can be shipped, it is determined that the biomass fuel is the accepted fuel, and the product storage area is set. May have a step (c4) of storing in another receiving item storage space. In this case, the step (d) relating to the deodorizing process may be performed on the received fuel that is stored in the received product storage.

The step (e) includes
Extracting at least a part of the product fuel (e1),
A step (e2) of analyzing the calorific value and/or a predetermined chemical component of the product fuel extracted in the step (e1);
On the basis of the analysis result of the step (e2), the product is classified according to the range to which one or more indexes selected from the group consisting of the content of alkali metal, the content of chlorine, the content of water, and the calorific value of the product fuel belong. It may have a step (e3) of specifying the quality of the fuel.

The step (a) includes a step of receiving the unprocessed fuel transported by land or sea from the supplier,
The step (f) may include a step of transporting the product fuel to the shipping destination by land transportation or ocean transportation.

In this case, the supply source is a palm coconut shell supply place or a first distribution base different from a distribution base that receives the unprocessed fuel in the step (a), and the shipping destination is a biomass fuel demand area or the above. It may be a second physical distribution base different from the physical distribution base.

The present invention is a biomass fuel distribution base containing palm palm shells,
A shipping facility for shipping product fuel, which is a biomass fuel containing palm palm shells that can be shipped, to a shipping destination,
A receiving facility for receiving a pre-processing fuel, which is a biomass fuel containing palm palm shells, which is a raw material of the product fuel, from a supplier,
Separation equipment for removing the fiber portion of the palm palm shell from the unprocessed fuel,
An odor measuring facility for measuring the odor of a biomass fuel containing palm palm shells from which the fiber portion has been removed from the unprocessed fuel by the separation facility,
The odor measured by the odor measuring equipment is the biomass fuel exhibiting a higher odor than the odor that can be shipped, a predetermined deodorizing process is performed on the received fuel, and the odor within the shipmentable odor is displayed. Deodorizing treatment equipment for producing product fuel,
The odor measured by the odor measuring equipment is an odor that is within the shipmentable odor, or the product fuel that has been suppressed to an odor within the shipmentable odor by performing the deodorizing treatment is stored by quality. It is characterized by having a product storage area.

According to the biomass fuel distribution base including palm palm shells configured as described above, a storage base and shipping base for stabilizing the supply of biomass fuel including PKS will be realized. It is expected that the quality of the biomass fuel demanded by the consumer will differ depending on the usage situation of the consumer on the assumption that the odor is sufficiently suppressed. Therefore, it is desirable to store and ship product fuel that satisfies various required qualities from a plurality of consumers. According to the biomass fuel distribution base including palm palm shells of the present invention, the fuel (product fuel) in a state in which odor is suppressed is stored according to quality, so that the product fuel satisfying the quality demanded by the user is stored. Is easy to identify.

If the stock quantity of the product fuel that satisfies the quality demanded by the customer is insufficient with respect to the demand quantity, for example, the product fuel may be generated by deodorizing the received fuel. By coordinating with a plurality of distribution bases in the suburbs, it is possible to secure a predetermined amount of product fuel that satisfies the required quality, and thus it is possible to cover the demand amount.

The distribution base may have an incoming goods storage space for storing the incoming fuel as well as the product storage space. In this case, the total of the amount of the product fuel that can be stored in the product storage and the amount of the received fuel that can be stored in the reception storage is preferably 5,000 t or more, and 10,000 t or more. Is more preferable, and 20,000 t or more is particularly preferable. Due to the storage capacity of the biomass fuel containing this palm palm shell, for example, required fuel for several days in a 75 MW class biomass power generation boiler can be stocked.

The odor measuring equipment may be equipment capable of continuous measurement.

Since the biomass fuel distribution base including palm palm shells of the present invention has an odor measuring facility, the strength of the odor emitted by the PKS fuel can be specified in real time after removing the PKS fiber portion from the unprocessed fuel. Thereby, the storage location of the PKS fuel after removing the fiber portion of the palm palm shell can be appropriately designated between the product storage area and the received product storage area. In particular, when a large number of incoming lots are received, the odor intensity of PKS fuel varies depending on the storage location in the hold, as described above. Therefore, it is desirable that the odor intensity of the carried PKS fuel can be continuously measured.

The deodorizing treatment equipment is a mixing equipment that mixes wood chips or wood pellets made of a tree species other than palm palm with the received fuel, a spraying equipment that sprays a deodorant on the received fuel, the received Any one or more of ventilation equipment for ventilating normal temperature air to the product fuel may be provided.

With these deodorization processing equipment, it is possible to convert the received fuel that does not satisfy the shippable odor into a product fuel that satisfies the shippable odor without having a separate heat source.

The biomass fuel distribution base containing palm palm shells may have an analytical facility for analyzing the product fuel with respect to the calorific value and/or a predetermined chemical component.

With this configuration, product fuels can be analyzed in the distribution base, and the quality of each product fuel can be specified. As a result, it is possible to properly specify the product storage area where the product fuel is stored. Furthermore, the distribution base of the biomass fuel containing palm coconut shell of the present invention is equipped with an analytical facility, so that the load for the transportation means such as a ship or a truck, that is, the quality of the product fuel stored in the product storage area can be improved. It is possible to ship while confirming or after confirming the quality of the loaded product, and it is possible to prevent the shipment of the product fuel that does not satisfy the quality required by the consumer.

The analysis equipment for analyzing the product fuel conveyed to the product storage and the analysis equipment for analyzing the product fuel stored in the product storage may be common equipment. Separate facilities may be used.

The receiving facility may have a function of receiving wood chips or wood pellets of a tree species other than palm palm, and the receiving item storage is a function of storing wood chips or wood pellets of a tree species other than palm palm. May be included.

As a result, it becomes possible to mix wood chips or wood pellets of a tree species other than palm palm with the received fuel at the distribution base, even if the PKS fuel had an odor higher than the odor that can be shipped. Even the odor that can be shipped can be suppressed.

The biomass fuel distribution base including palm palm shells may have a port cargo handling facility installed on the coast, and the port cargo handling facility may constitute the shipping facility and the receiving facility.

The receiving facility has a function of receiving the unprocessed fuel, the received fuel, or the product fuel, which is transported by a ship or a transportation vehicle from the palm coconut shell supply source or the first distribution base as the supply source. Then
The shipping facility has a function of shipping the unprocessed fuel, the received fuel, or the product fuel to a biomass fuel demand area or a second distribution base as the shipping destination by a ship or a transportation vehicle. It doesn't matter.

This makes it possible to mix-load the product fuels stored in other adjacent distribution bases when one customer's distribution base cannot handle the quantity ordered by the customer, and it is possible to efficiently supply product fuels to consumers. Can be supplied.

According to the present invention, an unpleasant odor is suppressed, and it becomes possible to stably supply a biomass fuel containing palm palm shells having an appropriate quality.

It is a block diagram which shows typically the structure of one Embodiment of the distribution base of the biomass fuel containing palm palm shells which concerns on this invention. It is a flow chart which shows typically the flow of processing of the distribution method of the biomass fuel containing palm palm shell concerning the present invention. 3 is a flowchart showing an example of the flow of processing included in step S40 in FIG. It is a block diagram which shows typically an example of a structure of a deodorization processing equipment. 3 is a flowchart showing an example of the flow of processing included in step S60 in FIG. 2. 3 is a flowchart showing an example of the flow of processing included in step S70 in FIG.

An embodiment of a distribution method of a biomass fuel containing palm palm shells and a distribution base of a biomass fuel containing palm shells according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings as needed. In the following, each of them may be simply referred to as a “distribution method” or a “distribution base”.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram schematically showing the configuration of an embodiment of a distribution base according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a flow chart schematically showing the flow of processing of the physical distribution method according to the present invention.

The distribution base 1 shown in FIG. 1 has a receiving facility 3, a separating facility 4, an odor measuring facility 5, a receiving product storage facility 6, a deodorizing treatment facility 7, a product storage facility 8 and a shipping facility 9. The physical distribution base 1 shown in FIG. 1 is one mode for carrying out the physical distribution method shown in FIG.

Note that in the following description, the reference numerals of each step described in the flowchart shown in FIG. 2 are appropriately referred to.

The distribution base 1 has a function of receiving the unprocessed fuel or PKS fuel transported from the supplier at the receiving facility 3 and storing the same, and shipping the stored PKS fuel from the shipping facility 9 to the shipping destination. Here, as described above, the PKS fuel is classified into a product fuel and a received product fuel. Product fuel is a biomass fuel containing palm coconut shell (PKS) (where the odor is suppressed within the odor range that can be shipped and is ready to be shipped, and the received fuel is the odor that can be shipped. The unprocessed fuel refers to a raw material of PKS fuel, which is a biomass fuel containing PKS having a fiber portion, which is a raw material of a PKS fuel, which has been conveyed from a supply source.

As will be described later, the unprocessed fuel has a whisker-like fiber portion with a strong odor, and in the distribution base 1, processing is performed to remove this fiber portion from the unprocessed fuel. However, some PKS fuel with the fiber portion removed still has an odor higher than the odor that can be shipped, and such a fuel corresponds to the “received fuel”. The product fuel is a fuel that has an odor within the range of odors that can be shipped only by the process of removing the fiber part from the unprocessed fuel, or the received fuel has been deodorized. Includes both fuels that start to show odors that are within the shipping odor range.

The above-mentioned received fuel and product fuel may be collectively referred to simply as "PKS fuel".

Here, as a supply source of the unprocessed fuel, palm palm shell supply place 40 (40A, 40B, 40C,...) And a distribution base 41 (41A, 41B, 41C,...) Of biomass fuel different from the distribution base 1 are provided. ...) is assumed. In the following, the distribution base 41 may be referred to as a “first distribution base 41” to distinguish it from the distribution base 1.

Note that product fuel may be supplied from the first distribution base 41 for the purpose of accommodating fuel to the distribution base 1. When the first physical distribution base 1 does not have the function of performing the deodorizing process, the received fuel may be supplied from the first physical distribution base 41 to the physical distribution base 1. Furthermore, in the palm coconut shell supply source 40, when the equipment for removing the fiber portion described later and the equipment for performing deodorizing treatment are provided, the palm coconut shell supply source 40 to the distribution base 1 Incoming fuel and product fuel may also be supplied.

Further, as a shipping destination of the product fuel, a fuel consumer 50 (50A, 50B, 50C,...) And a biomass fuel distribution base 51 (51A, 51B, 51C,...) Different from the distribution base 1 are assumed. It In the following, the physical distribution base 51 may be referred to as a “second physical distribution base 51” to distinguish it from the physical distribution base 1 and the first physical distribution base 41.

The palm coconut shell supply area 40 is assumed to be a place for supplying biomass fuel containing palm coconut shells, and specifically, Southeast Asian countries such as Malaysia and Indonesia. Further, the first distribution base 41 is supposed to be a place for supplying the unprocessed fuel, the received product fuel, or the product fuel for the purpose of accommodating the PKS fuel to the distribution base 1, and specifically, It has the same function as the distribution base 1. For example, in the distribution of PKS fuel between the first distribution base 41 and the distribution base 1, inventory adjustment between the distribution bases, horizontal holding at a distribution base where it is difficult to handle cargo on a large ship, and order quantity This is carried out as one aspect when dealing with the inventory quantity of a plurality of distribution bases.

The fuel consumer 50 is assumed to be the place where the PKS fuel (particularly product fuel) is scheduled to be used (fuel demand place) itself, or the business entity (company, municipality, etc.) having this fuel demand place. An example of such a fuel demand place is a biomass power plant. In the following, for simplicity, it is assumed that the fuel demander 50 is the fuel demand place itself.

Further, the second distribution base 51 is supposed to be a place where PKS fuel is supplied, and specifically, has the same function as the distribution base 1 and the first distribution base 41.

The palm coconut shell produces a good calorific value of 4000 kcal/kg or more when dried, has a low content of chlorine and alkali that are repellent components as fuel, and has an annual production of 10 million tons or more. And so on, it has very favorable properties as a biomass fuel. However, in Malaysia and Indonesia, which are cited as examples of the above-mentioned palm palm shell supply area 40, although some palm palm shells are used as boiler fuel at local palm oil factories, etc., a considerable amount remains unused. It is abandoned and can be said to be a valuable unused biomass resource.

Note that the calorific value in this description refers to the true calorific value (lower calorific value) described in JIS Z7302-2 "Waste solidified fuel-Part 2: Calorific value test method".

The palm palm shell is a so-called seed shell that encloses a kernel (Endocarp), and is crushed to about half because it has undergone the process of taking out the core inside the palm palm shell supply site 40. It is an aggregate of plant fibers having a corresponding mechanical strength with a particle size of 5 mm to 40 mm. Therefore, it is a woody biomass fuel that does not need to be processed into pellets or the like to impart mechanical strength, and can be used as a figure.

<<Step S10, Step S20>>
As described above, the distribution base 1 receives the unprocessed fuel or PKS fuel shipped from the source such as the palm palm shell supply source 40 or the first distribution base 41 in the receiving facility 3 (steps S10 and S20). .. Step S20 corresponds to the above step (a).

From the sources such as the palm palm shell supply source 40 and the first distribution base 41, the pre-processing fuel, that is, the biomass fuel containing palm palm shells that needs to undergo a predetermined process at the time of shipment is sent to the distribution base 1. Supplied. As another example, as described above, a case where the received fuel or the product fuel is supplied to the distribution base 1 from the supply source, particularly the first distribution base 41, is also assumed. In the latter mode, for example, as described above, the stock amount in the distribution base 1 is small, and the demand for the fuel consumer 50 is received by receiving the product fuel from another nearby distribution base (first distribution base 41). Respond to cases where you cover.

It is preferable that the receiving facility 3 includes a receiving facility 3a for ocean transport and a receiving facility 3b for land transport. The marine transportation receiving facility 3a receives the unprocessed fuel or PKS fuel transported to the logistics base 1 by the marine transportation means 91 such as a ship from a source such as the palm palm shell supply source 40 or the first logistics base 41. A facility to accept. In addition, the land transportation receiving facility 3b is processed by a land transportation means 92 represented by a transportation vehicle such as a truck from a supply source such as a palm palm shell supply source 40 or a first distribution station 41 to the distribution station 1. It is a facility for receiving pre-fuel or PKS fuel.

More specifically, the shipping facility 3a is composed of, for example, a port cargo handling facility installed on the coast, and is preferably equipped with a dedicated wharf. The marine transportation receiving facility 3a is not particularly limited as long as it is a facility capable of receiving bulk goods, and a general unloader such as a glove bucket type, a continuous mechanical type, or a pneumatic can be used. In particular, the glove bucket type is preferable from the viewpoint of being able to handle products of various shapes and sizes.

Note that some ships are equipped with a cargo handling crane. As described above, in order to enable the reception of the unprocessed fuel or the PKS fuel that has been conveyed by the cargo ship equipped with the crane, the shipping facility 3a for shipping has a receiving hopper provided with a conveyor. I don't mind.

With this, for example, it becomes possible to receive a large amount of unprocessed fuel from the palm palm shell supply source 40 to the distribution base 1 through the shipping means 91. Further, by using the shipping facility 9a for shipping described later as the receiving facility 3a for shipping, a large amount of product fuel can be shipped to the shipping destination (fuel consumer 50, second distribution base 51) through the ship. .. Thereby, the physical distribution cost can be reduced.

In addition, the receiving facility 3b for land transportation is not particularly limited as long as it is a facility capable of unloading from various trucks of dump type (bounce type) and floor moving type (walking floor or slide deck), and a conveyor is attached. The receiving hopper etc. can be used effectively. As described above, by providing the receiving facility 3 with the receiving facility 3b for land transportation, it becomes possible to build the distribution base 1 even in an inland area where the port cargo handling facility cannot be installed, and to promote the use of biomass fuel including PKS. Can contribute. Further, the shipping facility 9b for land transportation, which will be described later, may also be used as the receiving facility 3b for land transportation.

That is, the receiving facility 3 provided in the distribution base 1 may be provided with both the ocean receiving facility 3a and the land receiving facility 3b, or may be provided with only one of them.

<<Step S30>>
In this step S30, the fiber portion is removed from the unprocessed fuel received by the receiving facility 3. This step S30 corresponds to the above step (b). In addition, as described above, the received fuel or the product fuel may be supplied from the supplier to the distribution base 1. In this case, the received fuel is received by the receiving facility 3 with the fiber portion already removed. Therefore, this step S30 is omitted. Although FIG. 2 illustrates the case where step S40 is executed after step S30 is omitted and the case where step S60 is executed, the difference between them will be described later.

-The palm shell has a whisker-shaped fiber part, and the ratio of the odor emitted from the fiber part to the odor emitted from the palm shell is large. Therefore, the fiber portion of the unprocessed fuel received by the receiving facility 3 is separated and removed by the separating facility 4.

The separation facility 4 is a facility that can separate the fiber portion from the unprocessed fuel, and is not particularly limited as long as it is a dry type, and various types of sieves such as a vibrating screen, an in-plane screen, a rotary screen (Trommel), and a wind power selection. A machine can be used, and it is preferable to use a sieve from the viewpoint of easy operation. When a sieve is used as the separation equipment 4, the mesh opening of the sieve is preferably 0.6 mm to 11.2 mm from the viewpoint of separation accuracy of the fiber portion. As described above, when a sieve having an opening of 0.6 mm to 11.2 mm is used, the fiber portion passes through the sieve, and the rest remains on the sieve. It should be noted that the unprocessed fuel was dried due to being exposed to the normal atmosphere for a considerable period from the time when the palm oil and fat was extracted at the palm palm shell supply site 40 to the time when it was carried into the distribution base 1, and thus the unprocessed PKS The bonded state of the fiber portion is extremely brittle, and the fiber portion can be easily separated by using the above-mentioned separation equipment.

The ratio of the fiber portion in PKS is usually 1% by mass or less, and most of the unprocessed fuel received in step S20 remains on the sieve. Odor of the remaining portion on the sieve becomes lower than that at the time of receiving at the distribution base 1 because the fiber portion having a strong odor is removed.

The palm palm fiber portion separated from the unprocessed fuel in the separation facility 4 has a strong odor as it is. Therefore, for example, heat treatment at 80° C. or higher using the extraction steam described in Patent Document 1 or Alternatively, it may be used as a biomass fuel after being sufficiently deodorized by the heat treatment at 115° C. or higher described in Patent Document 2 above. In that case, you may use as a binder at the time of shaping|molding pellet-form biomass fuel. It should be noted that this heat treatment is an unnecessary process when the distribution base 1 according to the present invention produces the PKS fuel (product fuel) to be shipped, and is only a process performed to produce another biomass fuel. is there. That is, the equipment for performing this heat treatment may not be provided in the physical distribution base 1 according to the present invention.

<<Step S40>>
In step S30, the odor is reduced as described above by removing the fiber portion from the unprocessed fuel. As a result, as the PKS fuel after step S30 is executed, there is a PKS fuel that has an odor (shippable odor) that can be shipped to the consumer as it is (that is, a product fuel), but it can still be shipped. There are some products that cannot be shipped as they are (that is, received fuel) because they do not satisfy the odor.

In this step S40, it is determined whether or not this PKS fuel has an odor within the range of odors that can be shipped. This step S40 corresponds to the above step (c). The PKS fuel determined to have an odor higher than the odor that can be shipped in step S40 may be transported to the received product storage area 6 as the received product fuel.

Note that, as described above, the PKS fuel with the fiber portion already removed may be supplied to the distribution base 1 from the supply source (palm palm shell supply place 40, first distribution base 41). In this case, the PKS fuel received in step S20 does not need to be subjected to the fiber portion removing step in step S30. However, since it is unclear whether or not this PKS fuel exhibits an odor within the shipping odor, this step S40 is executed.

Furthermore, as described above, it has been clarified that the fiber portion has already been removed from the supply source (palm palm shell supply source 40, first distribution base 41) and that the odor is within the odor that can be shipped. The PKS fuel (that is, the product fuel) in the open state may be supplied to the distribution base 1. Particularly, this corresponds to a case where the product fuel is stored in the first distribution base 41 and the product fuel is exchanged with the distribution base 1. In such a case, step S60 is executed for the PKS fuel (product fuel) received in step S20 without passing through step S30, step S40, and step S50. Steps S50 and S60 will be described later.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing an example of the flow of processing included in step S40. In the example illustrated in FIG. 3, step S40 includes steps S41, S42, S43, and S44. As will be described later, step S44 may be omitted.

First, the odor of the PKS fuel with the fiber portion already removed is measured by the odor measuring equipment 5 (step S41). At this time, a part of the PKS fuel may be extracted, and then the odor measurement may be performed on the extracted PKS fuel. Step S41 corresponds to step (c1) and step (c2).

Note that, as described above, the fiber part of the PKS may have been removed at the time of acceptance in step S20. In this case, step S41 is executed after step S20.

As shown in FIG. 3, the reason that the odor is measured in step S41 is that it is used for comparison with the odor that can be shipped in the next step S42. Here, the “shippable odor” in the present specification means that the odor of the product fuel at the time of arriving below the fuel consumer 50 is −1 “in the 9-step pleasantness/discomfort degree display method in olfactory measurement. "Slightly uncomfortable".

There are instrumental analysis methods such as gas chromatograph method and olfactory measurement methods such as three-point comparison odor bag method as the official methods for evaluating the strength and intensity of odor, but these official methods require complicated measurement operations. However, since the evaluation result cannot be confirmed in real time, it is difficult to use it as a management method in the distribution base 1.

From the above viewpoint, the odor measuring equipment 5 is preferably an odor sensor using a metal oxide semiconductor gas sensor. Further, the odor sensor using such a metal oxide semiconductor gas sensor is preferable as the odor measuring equipment 5 because it has the features that the measurement operation is simple, the result can be obtained in a short time, and that continuous measurement is possible.

As one of the specific modes of the odor measuring method for PKS fuel using the odor measuring equipment 5, the PKS fuel is shielded from the outside air such as a hooded conveyor (belt conveyor, chain conveyor, etc.) and the odor is not diffused. It is possible to use a method of measuring odor while being transported in the distribution base 1 by the transportation facility. As a more specific example, the detection unit of the odor measuring equipment 5 is installed at a position upstream from the center of the conveyor in the conveyor hood.

For example, the odor of the PKS fuel is determined to be the odor that can be shipped by using the indication value of the odor measuring equipment 5 used when the step of the 9-step comfort/discomfort degree display method, which was confirmed in advance, is -1. It is determined whether or not it is satisfied (steps S42 and S43).

For example, when KALMOR-Σ (manufactured by Calmore) is used as the odor measuring equipment 5, when the atmospheric measurement value (blank) in a place where PKS fuel does not exist is 200, 10% of pulverized coal is mixed with PKS fuel to give an unpleasant odor. Since the odor sensor indication value when the amount is reduced to an acceptable level is 600, the threshold value 600 may be adopted as the index of the odor measuring equipment 5.

If the odor of the PKS fuel measured by the odor measuring equipment 5 is within the odor that can be shipped (Yes in step S43), step S60 described below is executed. On the other hand, when the odor of the PKS fuel measured by the odor measuring equipment 5 is higher than the odor that can be shipped (No in step S43), it is determined that the PKS fuel is the accepted fuel, and the accepted product storage 6 is displayed. It is transported and stored (step S44). The received product fuel stored in the received product storage 6 is subjected to deodorization processing so as to satisfy the odor that can be shipped in step S50 described later. Step S43 corresponds to step (c3), and step S44 corresponds to step (c4).

As described above, the physical distribution base 1 has the received product storage space 6 and the product storage space 8. The receiving item storage area 6 is a place for storing PKS fuel (acceptable product fuel) having an odor higher than the odor value that can be shipped, and the product receiving area 8 stores PKS fuel (product fuel) having an odor value within the available odor value. It is a place to do.

Note that the PKS fuel determined to be the received fuel in step S43 is not temporarily stored in the received product storage area 6, that is, step S44 is not executed, and immediately related to step S50 described later. The deodorizing process may be executed. In FIG. 3, a case where the processing is performed in such a flow is shown by a broken line with an arrow.

<<Step S50>>
Next, a deodorizing process is performed on the received fuel, which is a PKS fuel exhibiting an odor higher than the odor that can be shipped, and is improved to a PKS fuel (product fuel) exhibiting an odor within the odor that can be shipped. This step S50 corresponds to the step (d). As shown in FIG. 1, the physical distribution base 1 is provided with a deodorizing processing facility 7 for executing this step S50.

Note that, as described above with reference to FIG. 3, this step S50 may be executed for the received fuel that has been stored in the received product storage area 6, and is determined as the received fuel in step S43. After being processed, it may be executed as it is without being stored in the received goods storage 6. Further, although omitted in FIG. 2 for the purpose of avoiding complication, in step S20, the odor of the fuel received at the distribution base 1 is higher than the odor that can be shipped although the fiber portion is originally removed. That is, if it is clear that the fuel is the received fuel, this step S50 may be executed after step S20 without passing through steps S30 and S40.

Deodorization processing includes mixing with wood chips or wood pellets of species other than palm palm, spraying deodorant, and aerating at ambient temperature. In step S50, all of these processes may be executed, or only some of these processes may be executed.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram schematically showing an example of the configuration of the deodorization processing facility 7. In the example shown in FIG. 4, the deodorization treatment facility 7 includes a mixing facility 71 for mixing the received fuel with wood chips or wood pellets of a species other than palm palm, and the received fuel with a deodorant. It is provided with a spraying facility 72 for spraying, and a ventilation facility 73 for ventilating the received fuel at room temperature atmosphere.

As described above, the mixing facility 71 is a facility for dry-mixing the received fuel and the wood chips or wood pellets of tree species other than palm palm, and is not limited to the device mode as long as the above mixing function is achieved. Instead, heavy machines such as wheel loaders, mixers with blades, and rotary sieves can be effectively used.

The wood chips or wood pellets of tree species other than the palm palm have a strong aroma, or by adsorbing an odor component of an unpleasant odor, have an effect of reducing the unpleasant odor emitted from the received fuel. Chips and pellets made of cedar, cypress, larch, red pine, cherry, etc. are preferred. Since the wood chips and the like are mixed with the received fuel (PKS fuel) and shipped as biomass fuel, the size is 5 cm or less on the long side equivalent to PKS, and the water content is 20% by mass or less. Those are preferable.

The mixing ratio of the received fuel and the wood chips of tree species other than palm coconut may be set so that the content of palm coconut shell in the biomass fuel after mixing is 50% by mass or more.

The deodorant spraying facility 72 is a facility for spraying a specific deodorant on the received fuel, and is not limited to the device mode as long as it has the spraying function or the chemical spraying function. The spray type and the addition type can be effectively used.

As the deodorant used in the deodorant spraying facility 72, a disinfecting deodorant by ozone oxidizing power such as ozone mist, a neutralizing deodorant such as vegetable essential oil or chlorine dioxide is preferably used. it can. In particular, the deodorizing method using ozone can be continuously performed by preparing an ozone generator, so that the running cost for purchasing a medicine can be suppressed.

The room-temperature air ventilation facility 73 is a facility for drying the received fuel and deodorizing it. Generally, the biomass fuel containing PKS (particularly the unprocessed fuel) transported from the palm coconut shell supply source 40 to the distribution base 1 contains about 25% by mass of water, and the moisture content is 8% by mass or less. With this, the unpleasant odor emitted by PKS can be reduced to an acceptable level. A simple method to reduce the moisture content of the biomass fuel containing PKS (herein the received fuel) to 8% by mass or less is to expose the received fuel to the ambient temperature atmosphere in a rain-free environment. is there. More specifically, it may be simply left to stand in a place where natural drying such as sun drying or indoor drying can be performed, or more efficiently, a gas outlet is provided under the floor of the place where the received fuel is placed. A ventilation pipe is installed, or a ventilation pipe with a gas outlet is directly inserted into the pile of incoming fuel to force the ambient temperature air into the incoming fuel. Just blow the air.

In addition, in the example shown in FIG. 4, the deodorizing treatment facility 7 includes a mixing facility 71, a deodorant spraying facility 72, and a ventilating facility 73 for normal temperature air, but these facilities ( 71, 72, 73) may be provided.

<<Step S60>>
The received product fuel deodorized in step S50 becomes a product fuel exhibiting an odor within a shippable odor, and together with the fuel determined to exhibit an odor within a shippable odor in step S40 (more specifically, step S43), It is stored in the product storage area 8. At this time, the product fuel is stored in the product storage 8 which is different for each quality. This step S60 corresponds to the step (e).

As described above, it is clarified that the fiber portion has already been removed from the supply source (palm palm shell supply source 40, first distribution base 41) and that the odor is within the odor that can be shipped. The PKS fuel (that is, the product fuel) in the open state may be supplied to the distribution base 1. In this case, as shown in FIG. 2, after the product fuel is received by the distribution base 1 in step S20, steps S30, S40 and S50 are omitted and step S60 is executed.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing an example of the flow of processing included in step S60. In the example illustrated in FIG. 5, step S60 includes steps S61, step S62, step S63, step S64, and step S65. As will be described later, in step S20, when the product fuel is received by the distribution base 1 from the supply source (palm palm shell supply place 40, first distribution base 41), step S61, step S62, and step S62. S63 may be omitted. In FIG. 5, a case where the processing is performed in such a flow is shown by a broken line with an arrow.

First, a part of the product fuel is extracted from the product fuel transported to the product storage area 8 (step S61). For example, as shown in FIG. 1, the distribution base 1 may include a product fuel sampler 12 for executing step S61. The product fuel sampler 12 is a sampling device for analysis/test, and the sampling method is not particularly limited as long as a highly representative sample can be collected. Generally, as described in JIS K 0060 “Industrial waste collection method” and JIS M 8100 “Powder lump mixture-Sampling method general rule”, the total flow of target products falling into the outlet of conveyor or feeder A sampler that can be sampled from the width is preferably used. This step S61 corresponds to the step (e1).

Next, the extracted product fuel is analyzed (step S62). For example, as shown in FIG. 1, the distribution base 1 may include the analysis equipment 11 for executing step S62.

The analysis facility 11 is not particularly limited as long as it is a device that can handle the required test/analysis items, and a general-purpose test device or analysis device can be used. Further, the analysis facility 11 may have an unmanned configuration using a robot handling automation system or the like. As an example, the analysis facility 11 has a function of testing/analyzing the amount of alkali metal, the amount of chlorine, the amount of water, and the amount of heat generation of the product fuel.

The measurement of the amount of chemical components contained in the product fuel (alkali metal, chlorine, etc.) is not particularly limited as long as it is an analysis method that can obtain the desired amount of chemical components, but from the viewpoint of versatility and analysis accuracy, the sample or It is preferable to use an absorptiometric analysis method, an emission spectroscopic analysis method, an atomic absorption spectrometric analysis method, or an ICP emission spectroscopic analysis method for a solution obtained by completely dissolving an incinerated sample with an acid. For the chlorine content, the test method of JIS Z7302-6 “Waste solidified fuel-Part 6: Total chlorine content test method” can be used. The ashing of the product fuel is preferably carried out at a low temperature of 600° C. or lower from the viewpoint of preventing dissipation of volatile components such as alkali.

Further, for the measurement of the water content (or water content) contained in the product fuel, for example, the method described in JIS Z7302-3 “Waste solidified fuel-Part 3: Water content test method” can be used. .. Specifically, the mass before and after heating when heating at a drying chamber temperature of 107±2° C. for 1 hour may be used. Further, instrumental analysis such as thermobalance analysis (TG) can also be used.

For measurement of the calorific value of the product fuel, for example, the method described in JIS Z7302-2 “Waste solidified fuel-Part 2: Calorific value test method” can be used.

However, the analysis equipment 11 does not have to have all the analysis functions of the amount of alkali metal, the amount of chlorine, the amount of water (moisture content), and the amount of heat generation contained in the above product fuel, and at least of these, It only needs to have one or more analysis functions.

The method of transporting the product fuel extracted by the product fuel sampler 12 to the installation location of the analysis facility 11 is not particularly limited, but an air pipe system or the like capable of automatically transporting a sample is suitable. used.

Next, the quality of the target product fuel is specified based on the result analyzed by the analysis facility 11 (step S63). Step S63 corresponds to the step (e3).

As a method of specifying the quality of product fuel, it is sufficient to use any quality item and any number of levels in each quality item. For example, when selecting three items of heat generation amount, water amount, and alkali content, the two items of heat generation amount and water amount are classified into two levels, large and small, according to a specific threshold value, and the required quality from the fuel consumer 50. The fine alkali content can be classified into 3 levels of large, medium and small, and a method of classifying into 12 types (=2×2×3) as a whole can be adopted. The chlorine content may be included in the classification item.

Next, based on the quality of the product fuel identified in step S63, the product storage area 8 that is the storage location of the product fuel is selectively specified from among the product storage areas (8a, 8b,... ). Step S64). As described above, the quality of the product fuel to be stored is different in each product storage area 8. The information on the quality of the product fuel assigned to each product storage area 8 may be stored in advance in a storage unit of an information processing device (not shown) or on paper. Based on the stored information, the product storage area 8 where the product fuel is stored is specified.

Then, the product fuel is transported to and stored in the specified product storage area 8 (step S65). It should be noted that, for the transportation of the product fuel in the field, heavy equipment such as a wheel loader or a bulldozer or pneumatic feeding can be used, but from the viewpoint of efficiency, work safety, prevention of woody biomass fuel scattering, equipment cost, etc. It is preferable to use conveyors such as a screw conveyor and a chain conveyor. Since PKS, wood chips, wood pellets, and the like easily cause a clogging condition called bridging, it is preferable to devise a device for preventing clogging of baffles and the like at a portion having a narrowed path.

The product storage area 8 (8a, 8b,...) Is not particularly limited as long as it can store the product fuel without causing rain-wetting and the like, and does not hinder loading and unloading. The buildings and silos can be used effectively. Further, from the viewpoint of preventing water from getting wet and preventing spontaneous ignition during the storage period, a storage facility provided with a product fuel pile turning-back device as described in, for example, Japanese Patent No. 6381836 is more preferable. When a building with a roof is used as the product storage area 8, a plurality of product fuels can be stored in one building as long as the product fuels classified by quality can be managed so as not to be mixed with each other.

Depending on the supply source of the biomass fuel including PKS (palm palm shell supply source 40, first distribution base 41), the function of analyzing the quality of the biomass fuel supplied to the distribution base 1 (particularly the product fuel here). In this case, the supplier may notify the distribution base 1 of information relating to the quality of the PKS fuel (product fuel) supplied to the distribution base 1. .. In this case, the product storage area 8 to be the storage destination may be specified based on the notified information relating to the quality of the PKS fuel, and the product fuel may be stored in the specified product storage area 8. (Steps S64 and S65). In this case, the analysis processing (step S61, step S62, step S63) for the product fuel may not necessarily be performed in the distribution base 1. In FIG. 5, the case where step S64 is executed after the end of step S20 is shown by a broken line indicates the flow corresponding to this processing. Particularly, in this case, as shown in FIG. 2, after the fuel is received in step S20, step S60 may be executed without executing steps S30, S40, and S50.

<<Step S70>>
Next, the product fuel stored in the product storage area 8 is shipped to the shipping destination (fuel consumer 50, second distribution base 51). This step S70 corresponds to the step (f).

FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing an example of the flow of processing included in step S70. In the example shown in FIG. 6, step S70 includes steps S71, step S72, step S73, step S74, step S75, and step S76.

Each fuel customer 50 (50A, 50B, 50C,...) Gives information about the specific quality (required quality) to order. In the distribution base 1, first, the product storage area 8 in which the product fuel satisfying the required quality is stored is specified (step S71). This step S71 corresponds to the step (f1).

Next, a part of the product fuel is extracted from the large amount of product fuel stored in the specified product storage area 8 (step S72). This step S72 corresponds to the step (f3).

For example, as shown in FIG. 1, the distribution base 1 may include a sampler 13 for shipping products for executing step S72. The shipping product sampler 13 may have the same configuration as the product fuel sampler 12 described above. The product fuel sampler 12 may also function as the shipping product sampler 13.

Next, the extracted product fuel is analyzed (step S73). This step S73 corresponds to the step (f4). In the example shown in FIG. 1, the case where the product fuel extracted by the sampler 13 for shipped products is analyzed by the analysis equipment 11 similar to step S62 is illustrated. However, the distribution base 1 may be provided with a dedicated analytical facility 11 to be executed in step S73, in addition to the analytical facility 11 used in step S62.

Next, based on the result analyzed by the analysis equipment 11, the quality to which the product fuel extracted by the shipping sampler 13 belongs is specified, and whether or not the specified quality satisfies the required quality is confirmed. (Step S74). This step S74 corresponds to step (f5) and step (f6). When the target product fuel does not satisfy the required quality, the process may return to step S71 to specify another product storage area 8 in which the target product fuel is stored again.

When it is confirmed in step S74 that the target product fuel satisfies the required quality, a large amount of product fuel stored in the product storage area 8 is transported to the shipping facility 9 (step S75).

The shipping facility 9 preferably comprises a shipping facility 9a for shipping by sea and a shipping facility 9b for shipping by land. The shipping facility 9a for shipping by sea is not particularly limited as long as it is a facility such as a ship loader for bulk loading, a crane for a container or a flexible container, a hoist, or the like, which is capable of shipping according to the packing form. Further, the shipping facility 9b for land transportation is not particularly limited as long as it is a facility such as a hopper for loading bulk trucks, a forklift handling flexible containers, and the like, which is capable of shipping by package type.

However, the shipping facility 9 provided in the physical distribution base 1 may be provided with only one of the shipping facility 9a for shipping by sea and the shipping facility 9b for shipping by land.

Then, the product fuel is supplied from the shipping facility 9a for shipping to the fuel demander 50 (50A, 50B, 50C,...) Or the second distribution base 51 (51A, 51B, 51C,. ) To the fuel consumer 50 (50A, 50B, 50C,...) Or the second distribution base 51 (51A, 51B) by the land transportation means 94 represented by a transportation vehicle such as a truck from the land transportation facility 9b. , 51C,... (Step S76). This step S76 corresponds to the step (f2).

Note that the properties of the product fuel are considered to be unlikely to deteriorate during storage unless water gets wet. The quality of the product fuel stored in the product storage area 8 is analyzed and specified when the product storage area 8 of the storage destination is determined in step S60. Therefore, in many cases, the product fuel stored in the product storage area 8 still maintains the quality associated with the product storage area 8 in which the product fuel is stored, even immediately before the shipment. From this point of view, step S72 and step S73 may be omitted, and in step S74, it may be possible to simply check whether or not the quality of the product fuel associated with the product storage area 8 of the storage destination satisfies the required quality. ..

Further, from the shipping facility 9a for shipping by sea or the shipping facility 9b for shipping by land, to the second distribution base 51 (51A, 51B, 51C,... ), PKS showing a odor higher than the odor that can be shipped in addition to the product fuel. A fuel (received fuel) or a biomass fuel containing PKS (pre-processing fuel) before the fiber portion is removed may be shipped.

In addition, the amount of PKS fuel (received product fuel) that can be stored in the received product storage area 6 provided in the distribution base 1 and the amount of PKS fuel (product fuel) that can be stored in the product storage area 8 (8a, 8b, 8c,... ). The total amount and the amount is preferably 5,000 t or more, more preferably 10,000 t or more, and particularly preferably 20,000 t or more. When the distribution base 1 has such a storage capacity, for example, required fuel for several days in a 75 MW class biomass power generation boiler can be stocked.

In the following, specific test examples are shown to explain the present invention in more detail, but the present invention is not limited to the modes of these test examples.

As a sample, a Malaysian Tenera PKS (a1) (calorific value: 4800 kcal/kg) and a shell part obtained by separating a whisker-shaped fiber part from the PKS using a sieve with a mesh size of 1.7 mm ( a2) (calorific value: 4800 kcal/kg), the separated whisker-shaped fiber part (a3), and the shell part (a2) mixed with equal parts of red pine chips (water content: 30% by mass). (A4) (calorific value: 4000 kcal/kg), and a chip mixture B (a5) in which chips obtained by drying the chips of the red pine to a water content of 0.8 mass% were mixed in equal amounts in the shell (a2) (heat generation) Amount: 4750 kcal/kg) was prepared.

PKS(a1) corresponds to the unprocessed fuel accepted at the distribution base 1 in step S20. The shell portion (a2) corresponds to the PKS fuel (herein the received fuel) in which the fiber portion is separated from the unprocessed fuel in step S30. The fiber portion (a3) separated here is a fuel that is not used as a PKS fuel, and as described above, can be used as another biomass fuel such as a binder for pelletized biomass fuel.

Further, both the chip mixed product A (a4) and the chip mixed product B (a5) are PKS fuels (here, the deodorized processing is performed on the received fuel by the deodorizing processing facility 7 in step S50). Product fuel). The chip mixed product B (a5) is different from the chip mixed product A (a4) in the content of the deodorizing process.

The odor intensity of each of the samples a1 to a5 was measured according to the water content. The water content was measured according to JIS Z 7302-3 “Waste solidified fuel-Part 3: Water content test method”, that is, when the sample was heated and dried at 107±2° C. for 1 hour. The difference in mass before and after the drying was defined as the water content by the mass percentage with respect to the sample. The odor intensity was measured by the following procedure. Table 1 shows the measurement results of the odor intensity according to the water content of each sample. In addition, in the indicated value of the odor sensor used for measuring the intensity of the odor, the intensity of the odor that a person can tolerate discomfort is 600 or less.

<<Measurement procedure of odor intensity>>
(I) 100 g of the sample was sealed in a 1 L poly container.
(Ii) It was allowed to stand for 1 day under a constant temperature environment of 30°C.
(Iii) Using a flex pump, the gas in the poly container enclosing the sample was sampled in a 3 L gas bag.
(Iv) The odor intensity of the gas in the collected gas bag was measured using an odor sensor (NeoSigma manufactured by Calmore Co., Ltd.).

From Table 1, the following five points are confirmed.
(I) The tangible PKS(a1) has a strong odor even when the water content is dried up to 12% by mass.
(Ii) The odor of PKS is weakened by removing the fiber portion.
(Iii) If the moisture content of the PKS shell portion from which the fiber portion has been removed is 8 mass% or less, the odor is weakened to an acceptable level.
(Iv) Mixing wood chips is effective in reducing the odor from PKS.
(V) The drier the wood chips used for mixing, the greater the effect of reducing the odor from PKS.

Next, I examined the strength of the odor when water was added to the shell that was once dried to reduce the odor. This is to confirm whether or not a measure to prevent water wetting is required for the storage of PKS after the deodorizing process is performed.

A sample was prepared by drying the shell part (a2) of the PKS until the water content became 0% by mass, and then spraying water so as to have a predetermined water content. The measuring method of the odor intensity is the same as the above test. The results are shown in Table 2. In Table 2, the indicated value 400 of the odor sensor when the water content is 0% by mass indicates a substantially odorless state.

From Table 2, the following two points are further confirmed.
(Vi) The stronger the odor of PKS, the stronger the water content.
(Vii) In comparison with the results in Table 1, the relationship between the water content of PKS and the intensity of odor is reversible, and it is preferable that the storage facility for PKS has a function of preventing water wetting.

1: Logistics base for biomass fuel including palm palm shells 3: Receiving equipment 3a: Receiving equipment for sea transportation 3b: Receiving equipment for land transportation 4: Separation equipment 5: Odor measuring equipment 6: Receiving equipment storage 7: Deodorization treatment equipment 8 (8a, 8b, 8c, 8d,...): Product storage area 9: Shipping equipment 9a: Shipping equipment for sea transportation 9b: Shipping equipment for land transportation 11: Analytical equipment 12: Sampler for product fuel 13: Sampler for shipping 40 ( 40A, 40B, 40C,...): Palm coconut shell supply area 41 (41A, 41B, 41C,...): Other distribution base (first distribution base)
50 (50A, 50B, 50C,...): Fuel consumer 51 (51A, 51B, 51C,...): Other distribution base (second distribution base)
71: Mixing equipment 72: Deodorant spraying equipment 73: Room temperature atmospheric ventilation equipment 91: Sea transportation means 92: Land transportation means 93: Sea transportation means 94: Land transportation means

Claims (17)

1. A method of distributing a biomass fuel containing palm palm shells,
   A step (a) of receiving a pre-processed fuel, which is a biomass fuel containing palm coconut shells, which is a raw material of a product fuel which is a biomass fuel containing palm coconut shells that can be shipped, from a supply source;
   A step (b) of performing a separation treatment on the unprocessed fuel received in the step (a) to remove a fiber portion of palm palm shells;
   A step (c) of determining whether the biomass fuel obtained in the step (b) is an accepted fuel having an odor higher than the odor that can be shipped or the product fuel having an odor within the odor that can be shipped When,
   A step (d) of generating the product fuel by performing a predetermined deodorizing process on the received product fuel;
   A step (e) of identifying a storage location of the product fuel from a plurality of product storage areas according to the quality of the product fuel and storing the product fuel in the identified product storage area;
   A method of distributing a biomass fuel containing palm coconut shells, comprising a step (f) of shipping the product fuel stored in the product storage to a shipping destination.
2. The step (f) includes
   A step (f1) of specifying one or more product storage areas in which the product fuels satisfying quality standards according to the requirements of the shipping destination are stored;
   The palm coconut shell according to claim 1, further comprising a step (f2) of shipping the product fuel stored in the product storage specified in the step (f1) to the shipping destination. Distribution method of biomass fuel including.
3. The step (f) includes
   Extracting at least a portion of the product fuel (f3);
   A step (f4) of analyzing the calorific value and/or a predetermined chemical component of the product fuel extracted in the step (f3);
   On the basis of the analysis result of the step (f4), the product is determined according to the range to which one or more indexes selected from the group consisting of the content of alkali metal, the content of chlorine, the content of water, and the calorific value of the product fuel belong. A step (f5) of specifying the quality of the fuel,
   The method according to claim 1, further comprising a step (f6) of confirming that the quality of the product fuel identified in the step (f5) satisfies a quality standard according to the request of the shipping destination. Distribution method of biomass fuel containing palm palm shells.
4. The step (f) includes
   A step (f1) of specifying one or more product storage areas in which the product fuels satisfying quality standards according to the requirements of the shipping destination are stored;
   The process includes a step (f2) of shipping the product fuel stored in the product storage area specified in the step (f1) to the shipping destination.
   The palm according to claim 3, wherein the step (f3) includes a step of extracting at least a part of the product fuel stored in the product storage specified in the step (f1). Distribution method of biomass fuel containing palm shells.
5. The predetermined deodorizing process in the step (d) is a mixing process of the received fuel with wood chips or wood pellets of a tree species other than palm palm, a deodorant spraying process, and an aeration process at ambient temperature. The method for distributing a biomass fuel containing palm palm shells according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the method is one or more treatments selected from the above.
6. The step (c) includes
   A step (c1) of extracting at least a part of the biomass fuel obtained in the step (b),
   A step (c2) of performing odor measurement on the biomass fuel extracted in the step (c1),
   3. The method according to claim 1, further comprising a step (c3) for identifying whether or not the odor indicated by the biomass fuel is within the shipmentable odor, based on the range to which the measurement result of the step (c2) belongs. 6. A method for distributing a biomass fuel containing the palm palm shell according to any one of 5 above.
7. In the step (c), if the odor exhibited by the biomass fuel in the step (c3) exceeds the odor that can be shipped, it is determined that the biomass fuel is the accepted fuel, and the product storage is The method for distributing a biomass fuel containing palm coconut shells according to claim 6, characterized in that the method comprises a step (c4) of storing the biomass fuel in another receiving item storage area.
8. The step (e) includes
   Extracting at least a part of the product fuel (e1),
   A step (e2) of analyzing the calorific value and/or a predetermined chemical component of the product fuel extracted in the step (e1);
   On the basis of the analysis result of the step (e2), the product is classified according to the range to which one or more indexes selected from the group consisting of the content of alkali metal, the content of chlorine, the content of water, and the calorific value of the product fuel belong. The method for distributing a biomass fuel containing palm coconut shells according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the method comprises the step (e3) of specifying the quality of the fuel.
9. The step (a) includes a step of receiving the unprocessed fuel transported by land or sea from the supplier,
   The palm coconut shell according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the step (f) includes a step of transporting the product fuel to the shipping destination by land transportation or ocean transportation. Biomass fuel distribution method.
10. The step (a) includes a step of receiving the unprocessed fuel from a palm coconut shell supply source as a supply source or a first distribution base to a distribution base,
    10. The step (f) includes a step of shipping the product fuel from the distribution base to a biomass fuel demand area or a second distribution base as the shipping destination. A method for distributing a biomass fuel containing the palm palm shell according to any one of 1.
11. A distribution base for biomass fuels containing palm palm shells,
    A shipping facility for shipping product fuel, which is a biomass fuel containing palm palm shells that can be shipped, to a shipping destination,
    A receiving facility for receiving a pre-processing fuel, which is a biomass fuel containing palm palm shells, which is a raw material of the product fuel, from a supplier,
    Separation equipment for removing the fiber portion of the palm palm shell from the unprocessed fuel,
    An odor measuring facility for measuring the odor of a biomass fuel containing palm palm shells from which the fiber portion has been removed from the unprocessed fuel by the separation facility,
    The odor measured by the odor measuring equipment is the biomass fuel exhibiting a higher odor than the odor that can be shipped, a predetermined deodorizing process is performed on the received fuel, and the odor within the shipmentable odor is displayed. Deodorizing treatment equipment for producing product fuel,
    The odor measured by the odor measuring equipment is an odor that is within the shipmentable odor, or the product fuel that has been suppressed to an odor within the shipmentable odor by performing the deodorizing treatment is stored by quality. A distribution base for biomass fuel including palm palm shells, which has a product storage area.
12. The biomass fuel distribution base including palm coconut shell according to claim 11, characterized in that, in addition to the product storage area, there is an incoming product storage area for storing the received fuel.
13. 13. The total of the amount of the product fuel that can be stored in the product storage area and the amount of the received fuel that can be stored in the reception storage area is 5,000 tons or more, 13. Logistics base for biomass fuel containing palm palm shells.
14. The deodorizing treatment facility is a mixing facility that mixes wood chips or wood pellets made of a tree species other than palm palm with the received fuel, a spraying device that sprays a deodorant on the received fuel, the received Logistics of biomass fuel containing palm husks according to any one of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that it is provided with any one or more of ventilation equipment for ventilating normal temperature air to the product fuel. base.
15. The biomass fuel containing palm coconut shells according to any one of claims 11 to 14, characterized in that it has an analytical facility for analyzing the calorific value and/or a predetermined chemical component of the product fuel. Logistics base.
16. It has a port cargo handling facility installed on the coast,
    The biomass fuel distribution base including palm coconut shells according to any one of claims 11 to 15, wherein the port cargo handling equipment constitutes the shipping equipment and the receiving equipment.
17. The receiving facility has a function of receiving the unprocessed fuel, the received fuel, or the product fuel, which is transported from a palm coconut shell supply source as the supply source or another first distribution base by a ship or a transportation vehicle. Have
    The shipping facility has a function of shipping the unprocessed fuel, the received fuel, or the product fuel to a biomass fuel demand area or another second distribution base as the shipping destination by a ship or a transportation vehicle. A biomass fuel distribution base containing palm palm shells according to any one of claims 11 to 16, characterized by having.
    

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