JP2020132681A - Physical distribution method for biomass fuel containing palm coconut shell, and physical distribution base for biomass fuel containing palm coconut shell - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a method for stably supplying a biomass fuel containing palm coconut shells having a predetermined quality specification to consumers.SOLUTION: The physical distribution method for a biomass fuel containing palm coconut shells includes a step (a) of accepting a fuel before treated from a supply source, a step (b) of subjecting the fuel before treated to separation treatment to remove fiber parts of the palm coconut shells, a step (c) of determining whether the biomass fuel obtained in the step (b) is an acceptance product fuel showing a higher odor than a shippable odor or a product fuel showing an odor within a shippable odor, a step (d) of subjecting the acceptance product fuel to predetermined deodorization treatment to thereby produce the product fuel, a step (e) of specifying a storage destination of the product fuel among a plurality of product storage sites according to the quality to store it, and a step (f) of shipping the product fuels stored in a product yard to shipping destinations.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to a method for distributing biomass fuel containing palm coconut shells, and a distribution base for implementing the method.

Due to the enforcement of the Act on Special Measures Concerning Renewable Energy, biomass such as tree trunks and branches, cutting chips, bark chips, sardines, bark, and construction waste, which are renewable energies, can be used for power generation boilers and cement cleaner firing equipment. Technological development for use as an alternative fuel is underway. In particular, from the viewpoint of quantity stability and calorific value, the use of biomass derived from the palm oil industry in Malaysia and Indonesia is being actively promoted.

Palm Kernel Shell (hereinafter sometimes referred to as "PKS") generates more than 10 million tons per year as a by-product of the palm oil industry and has a high calorific value of more than 4000 Kcal / kg. However, since it has a desirable characteristic as a renewable resource that the amount of ash when fired is small, it is being actively used as a biomass fuel.

On the other hand, since PKS contains a large amount of fatty acids including lower fatty acids such as caprylic acid and capric acid, it is necessary to take measures against odor when handling a large amount of PKS. For example, Patent Document 1 below discloses a method for storing palm coconut seed husks, which comprises heat-treating at a temperature of 80 ° C. or higher using bleed steam generated from a power generation facility and then storing it. .. Further, Patent Document 2 below includes a handling method for adjusting the total water content of palm palm seed husks to 7 to 15% by mass and further adjusting the oil content to 10 mg or less per 1 g of PKS, which includes a heat treatment step at 115 ° C. or higher. Is disclosed.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2016-43335 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2016-93790

However, the method disclosed in Patent Document 1 or Patent Document 2 requires a heat source at a storage place, a treatment place, or the like for the deodorizing treatment of PKS, and aims to utilize PKS as a biomass fuel. There will be restrictions on the above. Moreover, it is not a drastic countermeasure technology for stable supply of PKS to consumers.

The present invention has been made in view of the logistics problems of PKS including the problem of odor, and in particular, stable supply of biomass fuel containing palm coconut shell having predetermined quality characteristics to consumers. The purpose is to provide a method that can be done. Further, the present invention is a distribution base for realizing such a method (hereinafter, referred to as a “distribution base”), and suppresses the generation of an unpleasant odor of PKS so that it can be installed in the suburbs of a demand area. The purpose is to provide a logistics base with functions.

In the present invention, the biomass fuel containing palm coconut shell (PKS) refers to a woody biomass fuel containing 50% by mass or more of PKS, which is woody biomass derived from the palm oil industry. In this biomass fuel containing PKS, as a mixture other than PKS, for example, PKS such as palm tree trunk (Oil Palm Trunk, OPT), foliage (Oil Palm Fronds, OPF), and empty fruit bunch (Empty Fruit Bunch, EFB). Woody biomass derived from the palm oil industry other than palm oil industry, and woody chips or wood pellets of tree species other than palm palm mixed with PKS as one deodorizing method in the biomass fuel distribution method of the present invention as described later can be mentioned. ..

The present invention is a method for distributing biomass fuel containing palm coconut shells.
The step (a) of accepting the unprocessed fuel, which is a biomass fuel containing palm coconut shells, which is a raw material of the product fuel which is a biomass fuel containing palm coconut shells that can be shipped, from the supplier.
The step (b) of removing the fiber portion of the palm coconut shell by performing a separation treatment on the unprocessed fuel received in the step (a).
Step (c) of determining whether the biomass fuel obtained in the step (b) is a received product fuel having an odor higher than the shipable odor or a product fuel having an odor within the shipable odor. When,
The step (d) of producing the product fuel by executing a predetermined deodorizing treatment on the received product fuel, and
A step (e) of specifying the storage destination of the product fuel from a plurality of product storage areas according to the quality of the product fuel and storing the product fuel in the specified product storage area.
It is characterized by having a step (f) of shipping the product fuel stored in the product storage to the shipping destination.

According to the above method, biomass fuel containing palm coconut shell (PKS) (hereinafter referred to as "pre-processed fuel"), which is brought in with various degrees of odor intensity, is received at one place and odor is received. After being deodorized by applying appropriate treatment according to the strength of the fuel, it is stored in a different storage location depending on the quality as fuel. The term "pre-processed fuel" as used herein refers to a biomass fuel containing PKS in a state before the fiber portion of the palm coconut shell is removed.

For example, the Tenera variety (main production area) has been cultivated so that the proportion of inner pericarp (Endocarp) in the fruit of palm palm is small and the proportion of middle pericarp (Mesocarp) is large so that the yield of palm oil is high. Malaysia) has a strong odor, while Dura (mainly produced in Indonesia), which has a large proportion of inner pericarp in the fruit and a small proportion of middle pericarp, has a weak odor. .. Further, since the unprocessed fuel generates self-heating due to oxidation of oil and the like, the temperature inside the hold during sea transportation becomes about 90 ° C. In a temperature environment of around 90 ° C., it is possible to inactivate various germs that cause odor, but when the humidity in the hold is high, the inactivation of such germs becomes insufficient.

In the step (a), the unprocessed fuel brought in from the palm coconut shell supply areas such as Malaysia and Indonesia and other biomass fuel distribution bases is first subjected to the separation treatment in the step (b). By this separation treatment, the PKS contained in the unprocessed fuel is separated into a shell portion having a weak odor intensity and a whisker-shaped fiber portion having a strong odor intensity.

Biomass fuel containing PKS consisting of separated PKS shells (hereinafter, may be referred to as “PKS fuel”) has an odor that can be shipped to consumers as it is (hereinafter referred to as “shippable odor”). ) Is shown, and the ones that cannot be shipped as they are because they do not satisfy the odor that can be shipped, and those that require deodorant treatment are assumed. Such a difference in odor intensity is due to the variety of palm palm produced as a by-product of PKS, the temperature and humidity conditions of the storage environment where the unprocessed fuel has passed by the receiving step (a), and the like. In the present specification, among the PKS fuels after the step (b), the fuel having an odor within the shipable odor as in the former is referred to as "product fuel", and the odor higher than the shipable odor as in the latter. The fuel indicating the above is called "accepted fuel".

In the step (c), the PKS fuel from which the fiber portion has been separated (removed) is determined to be a received product fuel or a product fuel according to the level of odor.

The PKS fuel determined to be the received fuel in the step (c) is subjected to a predetermined deodorizing treatment in the step (d) to become a product fuel showing an odor within the shippable odor. As described above, according to the distribution method of the present invention, the deodorizing treatment can be performed in the base (distribution base) having a function of receiving and storing the unprocessed fuel, so that the supply source such as the palm coconut shell supply area can be used. Even if the PKS fuel, whose fiber part is separated from the unprocessed fuel brought in from, does not satisfy the odor that can be shipped, the odor is suppressed to the extent that it can be shipped (product fuel). ) Can be converted.

The step (d) is not limited to the PKS fuel determined as the received fuel in the step (c), and the fiber portion has already been removed at the time of acceptance in the step (a), and the odor that can be shipped is higher than that of the odor that can be shipped. A PKS fuel that has a high odor, that is, a PKS fuel that is known to be a received fuel in advance, may also be executed.

The product fuel is stored in a storage location (product storage area) according to the quality in the process (e). Therefore, even when a product fuel of a specific quality (hereinafter referred to as "required quality") is ordered from the consumer side, the inventory amount of the product fuel satisfying the required quality in the distribution base is determined. It can be recognized in a short time. Even if the inventory amount is less than the demand amount, the received item fuel before the deodorizing treatment is stored in the receiving item storage area, and the deodorizing processing is performed in the distribution base as described above. This can be used to generate product fuel, which can meet the demand. In this way, the received fuel is deodorized as necessary, and then the product fuel is shipped to the shipping destination (step (f)).

The product fuel to be stored in the product storage area in the step (e) may include any one of the following (i) to (iii).
(I) PKS fuel determined to be the product fuel in step (c);
(Ii) PKS fuel converted into product fuel as a result of deodorizing treatment in step (d);
(Iii) A PKS fuel whose fiber portion has already been removed at the time of acceptance in step (a) and whose odor is within the odor that can be shipped, that is, that it is a product fuel.

As described above, according to the distribution method of the present invention, deodorant treatment is performed as necessary in the base where fuel is received and stored, so that a place where odor problems are likely to occur, for example, in the suburbs of an urban area. Even so, fuel can be stored. Further, the PKS fuel can be classified into a product fuel and a received product fuel in advance according to the level of the odor, and the deodorizing treatment can be performed only on the PKS fuel determined to be the received product fuel. This eliminates the need for large-scale equipment as equipment for realizing deodorant treatment.

Therefore, according to the distribution method of the present invention, it is possible to flexibly construct a distribution base (distribution base) for PKS fuel, and it is possible to promote the use of PKS.

The fiber portion of the PKS separated in the step (b) is not included in the product fuel in the distribution method of the present invention. The fiber portion of the PKS is subjected to deodorizing treatment by heating in a facility different from that of the distribution base of the present invention, and then is used as it is or as a binder for pelletized biomass fuel, and is separately used as a biomass fuel. You may use it as.

The predetermined deodorizing treatment in the step (d) includes a mixing treatment of the received fuel with wood chips or wood pellets of a tree species other than palm palm, a spraying treatment of a deodorant, and an air aeration treatment at room temperature. It may be one or more processes selected from. As the wood chips or wood pellets of a tree species other than palm palm, for example, wood chips or wood pellets of a tree species having a deodorizing effect such as cedar, cypress, larch, red pine, and cherry can be adopted.

According to the above method, without using a separate heat source, the received product fuel showing an odor higher than the shipable odor is deodorized to generate a product fuel showing an odor within the shipable odor. This eliminates the need for large-scale equipment to perform the deodorant treatment.

The step (f) is
A step (f1) of identifying one or more product storage sites where the product fuel that meets the quality standard according to the requirements of the shipping destination is stored.
The product fuel stored in the product storage area specified in the step (f1) may have a step (f2) of shipping to the shipping destination.

In addition, in order to respond to orders from consumers, the product fuel determined in the process (c), the product fuel produced through the deodorant treatment in the process (d), or the product fuel received in the process (a). In some cases, you may want to ship the product fuel as it is without storing it in the product storage area. At this time, it may be desired to confirm whether the product fuel to be shipped satisfies the quality required by the consumer.

For such cases,
The step (f) is
The step (f3) of extracting at least a part of the product fuel and
A step (f4) of analyzing the calorific value and / or a predetermined chemical component of the product fuel extracted in the step (f3).
Based on the analysis result of the step (f4), the product depends on the range to which one or more indexes selected from the group consisting of the alkali metal content, chlorine content, water content, and calorific value of the product fuel belong. The process of identifying fuel quality (f5) and
It may have a step (f6) of confirming that the quality of the product fuel specified in the step (f5) meets the quality standard according to the requirements of the shipping destination.

By the way, as described above, product fuels are stored in different product storage areas depending on the quality. Therefore, it is premised that the product fuel stored in each product yard meets the quality assumed by the product yard. Therefore, it is usually expected that the quality required by the consumer is satisfied by shipping the product fuel stored in the product storage area corresponding to the quality required by the consumer. However, even when the product fuel is taken out from the product storage area and shipped, there is a possibility that the quality may change due to moisture absorption during the storage period, so the quality of the product fuel is the quality required by the consumer before shipping. It is also assumed that you want to confirm that the above conditions are met just in case.

For such cases,
The step (f) is
A step (f1) of identifying one or more product storage sites where the product fuel that meets the quality standard according to the requirements of the shipping destination is stored.
In the step (f2) of shipping the product fuel stored in the product storage area specified in the step (f1) to the shipping destination,
It has the above-mentioned steps (f3) to (f6).
The step (f3) may include a step of extracting at least a part of the product fuel stored in the product storage area specified in the step (f1).

In addition, the said step (c) is
The step (c1) of extracting at least a part of the biomass fuel obtained in the step (b) and
In the step (c2) of measuring the odor of the biomass fuel extracted in the step (c1),
Based on the range to which the measurement result of the step (c2) belongs, the step (c3) for specifying whether or not the odor exhibited by the biomass fuel is within the shipable odor may be included.

The step (c2) can be a step of measuring the odor of the extracted biomass fuel (PKS fuel) by using an odor measuring facility such as an odor sensor.

Further, in the step (c), when the odor indicated by the biomass fuel exceeds the shipable odor in the step (c3), it is determined that the biomass fuel is the received fuel, and the product storage area is set. May have a step (c4) of storing in another receiving goods storage place. In this case, the step (d) related to the deodorizing treatment may be performed on the received product fuel stored in the received product storage area.

The step (e) is
The step (e1) of extracting at least a part of the product fuel and
A step (e2) of analyzing the calorific value and / or a predetermined chemical component of the product fuel extracted in the step (e1).
Based on the analysis result of the step (e2), the product depends on the range to which one or more indexes selected from the group consisting of the alkali metal content, chlorine content, water content, and calorific value of the product fuel belong. It may have a step (e3) of specifying the quality of the fuel.

The step (a) includes a step of receiving the unprocessed fuel transported by land or sea from the supplier.
The step (f) may include a step of transporting the product fuel to the shipping destination by land transportation or sea transportation.

In this case, the supply source is a palm coconut shell supply area or a first distribution base different from the distribution base that receives unprocessed fuel in the step (a), and the shipping destination is the biomass fuel demand area or the said. It may be a second distribution base different from the distribution base.

The present invention is a distribution base for biomass fuel containing palm coconut shells.
A shipping facility for shipping product fuel, which is a biomass fuel containing palm palm shells that can be shipped, to the shipping destination,
A receiving facility that accepts unprocessed fuel, which is a biomass fuel containing palm coconut shells, which is a raw material for the product fuel, from a supplier.
Separation equipment for removing the fiber part of palm palm shell from the unprocessed fuel,
An odor measuring facility for measuring the odor of a biomass fuel containing palm coconut shells from which the fiber portion has been removed from the unprocessed fuel by the separation facility, and an odor measuring facility.
The odor measured by the odor measuring facility is higher than the odor that can be shipped. The biomass fuel, which is the received product fuel, is subjected to a predetermined deodorizing treatment to show the odor within the odor that can be shipped. Deodorant treatment equipment for producing product fuel,
The odor measured by the odor measuring facility is the odor within the shipable odor, or the product fuel whose odor is suppressed within the shipable odor by the deodorizing treatment is stored according to quality. It is characterized by having a product storage area.

According to the distribution base for biomass fuel containing palm palm husks having the above configuration, a storage base and shipping base for stabilizing the supply of biomass fuel containing PKS will be realized. The quality of the biomass fuel required by the consumer is expected to differ depending on the usage status of the consumer on the premise that the odor is sufficiently suppressed. Therefore, it is desirable to be able to store and ship product fuels that satisfy various quality requirements from a plurality of consumers. According to the distribution base of biomass fuel containing palm coconut shell of the present invention, the fuel (product fuel) in a state where the odor is suppressed is stored according to the quality, so that the product fuel satisfying the quality required by the consumer. Is easy to identify.

In addition, if the inventory of product fuel that satisfies the quality required by consumers is insufficient for the demand, for example, product fuel may be generated by deodorizing the received fuel. By cooperating with a plurality of distribution bases in the suburbs, it is possible to secure a predetermined amount of product fuel that satisfies the required quality, and thereby it is possible to meet the demand amount.

The distribution base may have a receiving goods storage place for storing the received goods fuel in addition to the product storage place. In this case, the total of the amount of the product fuel that can be stored in the product storage and the amount of the received fuel that can be stored in the receiving product storage is preferably 5,000 tons or more, preferably 10,000 tons or more. Is more preferable, and 20,000 tons or more is particularly preferable. The storage capacity of biomass fuel containing palm coconut shells allows, for example, to stock several days' worth of fuel in a 75 MW class biomass power generation boiler.

The odor measuring equipment may be equipment capable of continuous measurement.

Since the distribution base of the biomass fuel containing the palm coconut shell of the present invention has an odor measuring facility, the intensity of the odor emitted by the PKS fuel can be specified in real time after removing the fiber portion of the PKS from the unprocessed fuel. As a result, the storage location of the PKS fuel after removing the fiber portion of the palm coconut shell can be appropriately specified between the product storage area and the received product storage area. In particular, when a large number of incoming lots are received, the strength of the odor of the PKS fuel differs depending on the storage location in the hold, so the strength of the odor varies even if the PKS fuel of the same receiving lot is received. Therefore, it is desirable to be able to continuously measure the odor intensity of the carried-in PKS fuel.

The deodorizing treatment equipment is a mixing equipment that mixes wood chips or wood pellets made of a tree species other than palm palm with the received product fuel, a spraying equipment that sprays a deodorant on the received product fuel, and the receiving product. It may be provided with any one or more of ventilation facilities for ventilating the air at room temperature with respect to the product fuel.

According to these deodorizing treatment facilities, the received fuel that does not satisfy the shipable odor can be converted into the product fuel that satisfies the shipable odor without having a separate heat source.

The distribution base for biomass fuel containing palm coconut shells may have an analysis facility for analyzing the calorific value and / or a predetermined chemical component of the product fuel.

According to such a configuration, the product fuel can be analyzed in the distribution base, and the quality of each product fuel can be specified. As a result, it is possible to appropriately specify the product storage location where the product fuel is stored. Further, the distribution base of the biomass fuel containing the palm coconut shell of the present invention is equipped with an analysis facility, so that the quality of the cargo to be transported to a means of transportation such as a ship or a truck, that is, the quality of the product fuel stored in the product storage area It is possible to ship the product fuel while confirming the above, or after confirming the quality of the cargo, and it is possible to prevent the shipment of product fuel that does not satisfy the quality required by the consumer.

The analysis equipment that analyzes the product fuel transported to the product yard and the analysis equipment that analyzes the product fuel stored in the product yard may be common equipment, respectively. It may be a separate facility.

The receiving facility may have a function of receiving wood chips or wood pellets of a tree species other than palm palm, and the receiving goods storage facility may have a function of storing wood chips or wood pellets of a tree species other than palm palm. It may have.

This makes it possible to mix wood chips or wood pellets of tree species other than palm palm with the received fuel at the distribution base, even if the PKS fuel has a higher odor than the shipable odor. However, it is possible to suppress the odor that can be shipped.

The biomass fuel distribution base containing palm coconut shells may have a port cargo handling facility installed on the coast, and the port cargo handling facility may constitute the shipping facility and the receiving facility.

The receiving facility has a function of receiving the unprocessed fuel, the received product fuel, or the product fuel transported from the palm coconut shell supply site or the first distribution base as the supply source by a ship or a transportation vehicle. And
The shipping facility has a function of shipping the unprocessed fuel, the received fuel, or the product fuel to the biomass fuel demanding area or the second distribution base as the shipping destination by a ship or a transportation vehicle. It doesn't matter.

This makes it possible to mix product fuels stored by other adjacent distribution bases when one distribution base cannot meet the order volume from consumers, and efficient product fuels for consumers. Can be supplied.

According to the present invention, an unpleasant odor is suppressed, and a biomass fuel containing palm coconut shell having an appropriate quality can be stably supplied.

It is a block diagram which shows typically the structure of one Embodiment of the distribution base of the biomass fuel which contains the palm coconut shell which concerns on this invention. It is a flowchart which shows typically the process flow of the distribution method of the biomass fuel containing palm coconut shell which concerns on this invention. It is a flowchart which shows an example of the process flow included in step S40 in FIG. It is a block diagram which shows typically an example of the structure of a deodorizing treatment facility. It is a flowchart which shows an example of the process flow included in step S60 in FIG. It is a flowchart which shows an example of the process flow included in step S70 in FIG.

A method for distributing biomass fuel containing palm coconut shells and an embodiment of a distribution base for biomass fuel containing palm coconut shells according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings as appropriate. In the following, they may be simply abbreviated as "distribution method" and "distribution base", respectively.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram schematically showing a configuration of an embodiment of a distribution base according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a flowchart schematically showing a processing flow of the distribution method according to the present invention.

The distribution base 1 shown in FIG. 1 has a receiving facility 3, a separating facility 4, an odor measuring facility 5, a receiving product storage area 6, a deodorizing processing facility 7, a product storage facility 8, and a shipping facility 9. The distribution base 1 shown in FIG. 1 is an aspect for implementing the distribution method shown in FIG.

In the following description, the reference numerals of the steps described in the flowchart shown in FIG. 2 are appropriately referred to.

The distribution base 1 has a function of receiving and storing unprocessed fuel or PKS fuel transported from the supply source at the receiving facility 3 and shipping the stored PKS fuel from the shipping facility 9 to the shipping destination. Here, as described above, the PKS fuel is classified into a product fuel and a received product fuel. The product fuel is a biomass fuel containing palm coconut shell (PKS), and the odor is suppressed within the shipable odor and is ready to be shipped. The received fuel is the odor that can be shipped. Refers to something that exceeds. Further, the unprocessed fuel refers to a biomass fuel containing PKS having a fiber portion, which is a raw material of PKS fuel and has been transported from a supplier.

As will be described later, the unprocessed fuel has whisker-shaped fiber portions having a strong odor, and a process of removing the fiber portions from the unprocessed fuel is performed in the distribution base 1. However, even if the PKS fuel has the fiber portion removed, there are still fuels that exhibit a higher odor than the odor that can be shipped, and such fuel corresponds to the "accepted fuel". The product fuel is a fuel that shows an odor within the odor that can be shipped only by removing the fiber part from the unprocessed fuel, or the received fuel is deodorized. Includes both fuels that have come to exhibit an odor within the shipable odor.

The above-mentioned received fuel and product fuel may be collectively referred to as "PKS fuel".

Here, as the supply source of the unprocessed fuel, the palm coconut shell supply area 40 (40A, 40B, 40C, ...) And the biomass fuel distribution base 41 (41A, 41B, 41C, ...) Different from the distribution base 1. ‥) Is assumed. Hereinafter, the distribution base 41 may be referred to as a “first distribution base 41” in order to distinguish it from the distribution base 1.

In addition, product fuel may be supplied from the first distribution base 41 for the purpose of accommodating fuel to the distribution base 1. Further, when the first distribution base 41 does not have the function of performing the deodorizing treatment, the received fuel may be supplied from the first distribution base 41 to the distribution base 1. Further, when the palm coconut shell supply area 40 has equipment for removing the fiber portion described later and equipment for performing deodorizing treatment, the palm coconut shell supply area 40 can be used from the palm coconut shell supply area 40 to the distribution base 1. Accepted fuel or product fuel may be supplied.

Further, as the shipping destination of the product fuel, a fuel consumer 50 (50A, 50B, 50C, ...) And a biomass fuel distribution base 51 (51A, 51B, 51C, ...) Different from the distribution base 1 are assumed. To. In the following, the distribution base 51 may be referred to as a “second distribution base 51” in order to distinguish it from the distribution base 1 and the first distribution base 41.

The palm coconut shell supply area 40 is assumed to be a supply location for biomass fuel containing palm coconut shells, and specifically, Southeast Asian countries such as Malaysia and Indonesia. Further, the first distribution base 41 is assumed to be a place for supplying unprocessed fuel, received fuel, or product fuel for the purpose of accommodating PKS fuel to the distribution base 1. It has the same function as the distribution base 1. For example, the distribution of PKS fuel between the first distribution base 41 and the distribution base 1 is performed for inventory adjustment between distribution bases, horizontal holding to a distribution base where cargo handling by a large ship is difficult, and order quantity. This is done as an aspect when dealing with the inventory amount of a plurality of distribution bases.

The fuel consumer 50 is assumed to be the place where PKS fuel (particularly product fuel) is planned to be used (fuel demand place) itself, or an entity (company, local government, etc.) having this fuel demand place. A biomass power plant is an example of such a fuel demand place. In the following, for the sake of simplicity, the fuel consumer 50 will be described as the fuel demand location itself.

Further, the second distribution base 51 is assumed to be a place where the PKS fuel is supplied, and specifically, has the same functions as the distribution base 1 and the first distribution base 41.

When the palm coconut shell is dried, it generates a good calorific value of 4000 kcal / kg or more, has a low content of chlorine and alkali, which are repellent components as fuel, and generates an annual amount of 10 million tons or more. Etc., it has very preferable properties as a biomass fuel. However, in Malaysia and Indonesia, which are examples of the above-mentioned palm palm shell supply area 40, although some palm palm shells are used as boiler fuel in local palm oil factories, a considerable amount remains unused. It has been discarded and can be said to be a valuable unused biomass resource.

The calorific value in this description means the true calorific value (lower calorific value) described in JIS Z 7302-2 "Waste solidified fuel-Part 2: Calorific value test method".

The palm coconut shell is an inner pericarp (Endocarp) that wraps the kernel (Kernel), a so-called seed shell, and is crushed to about half because it has undergone a process of taking out the inner core at the palm coconut shell supply area 40. An aggregate of plant fibers having a particle size of 5 mm to 40 mm and having appropriate mechanical strength. Therefore, it is not necessary to process it into pellets or the like to impart mechanical strength, and it is a woody biomass fuel that can be used as it is.

<< Step S10, Step S20 >>
As described above, the distribution base 1 receives the unprocessed fuel or the PKS fuel shipped from the supplier such as the palm coconut shell supply area 40 or the first distribution base 41 at the receiving facility 3 (steps S10 and S20). .. Step S20 corresponds to the above step (a).

From suppliers such as the palm coconut shell supply area 40 and the first distribution base 41, unprocessed fuel, that is, biomass fuel containing palm coconut husks, which needs to be subjected to a predetermined treatment at the time of shipment, is supplied to the distribution base 1. Be supplied. As another example, as described above, it is assumed that the received fuel or the product fuel is supplied to the distribution base 1 from the supply source, particularly the first distribution base 41. In the latter aspect, for example, as described above, the inventory amount in the distribution base 1 is small, and the demand for the fuel consumer 50 is obtained by receiving the accommodation of product fuel from another distribution base (first distribution base 41) in the vicinity. Correspond to the case of covering.

The receiving facility 3 is preferably provided with a receiving facility for sea transportation 3a and a receiving facility for land transportation 3b. The sea transportation receiving facility 3a receives unprocessed fuel or PKS fuel transported from a supplier such as the palm palm shell supply area 40 or the first distribution base 41 to the distribution base 1 by a sea transportation means 91 such as a ship. It is a facility for accepting. Further, the land transportation receiving facility 3b is processed to be transported from a supplier such as the palm palm shell supply area 40 or the first distribution base 41 to the distribution base 1 by a land transportation means 92 represented by a transportation vehicle such as a truck. Equipment for accepting pre-fuel or PKS fuel.

More specifically, the sea transportation receiving facility 3a is composed of, for example, a port cargo handling facility installed on the coast, and is preferably provided with a dedicated wharf. The sea transportation receiving facility 3a is not particularly limited as long as it is a facility capable of receiving bulk cargo, and a general unloader such as a grab bucket type, a continuous mechanical type, or a pneumatic can be used. In particular, the grab bucket type is preferable from the viewpoint of being able to handle products of various shapes and sizes.

Some ships are equipped with a crane for cargo handling. As described above, in order to enable the reception of unprocessed fuel or PKS fuel transported by the cargo ship equipped with the crane, the sea transportation receiving facility 3a is provided with a receiving hopper equipped with a conveyor. It doesn't matter.

As a result, for example, from the palm coconut shell supply area 40, it becomes possible to receive a large amount of unprocessed fuel to the distribution base 1 through the sea transportation means 91. Further, by making the sea transportation shipping equipment 9a, which will be described later, also used as the sea transportation receiving equipment 3a, a large amount of product fuel can be shipped to the shipping destinations (fuel consumer 50, second distribution base 51) through the ship. .. As a result, the distribution cost can be reduced.

In addition, the land transportation receiving facility 3b is not particularly limited as long as it can handle unloading from various trucks of dump type (jump-up type) and floor moving type (walking floor or slide deck), and a conveyor is attached. The accepted hopper, etc. can be used effectively. In this way, by equipping the receiving facility 3 with the receiving facility 3b for land transportation, it is possible to construct the distribution base 1 even in the inland area where the port cargo handling facility cannot be installed, and to promote the use of biomass fuel including PKS. Can contribute. Further, the land transportation shipping equipment 9b, which will be described later, may also be used as the land transportation receiving equipment 3b.

That is, the receiving facility 3 provided in the distribution base 1 may be provided with both the receiving facility 3a for sea transportation and the receiving facility 3b for land transportation, or may be provided with only one of them.

<< Step S30 >>
In this step S30, the fiber portion is removed from the unprocessed fuel received in the receiving facility 3. This step S30 corresponds to the above step (b). As described above, the received fuel or the product fuel may be supplied from the supply source to the distribution base 1, and in this case, the fuel is received by the receiving facility 3 with the fiber portion already removed. Therefore, this step S30 is omitted. In FIG. 2, a case where step S40 is executed and a case where step S60 is executed after step S30 is omitted are illustrated, but the difference between them will be described later.

The palm coconut shell has a whisker-shaped fiber portion, and the odor emitted from the fiber portion accounts for a large proportion of the odor emitted from the palm coconut shell. Therefore, the fiber portion of the unprocessed fuel received by the receiving facility 3 is separated and removed by the separation facility 4.

The separation facility 4 is a facility that can separate the fiber part from the unprocessed fuel, and is not particularly limited as long as it is a dry type, and various sieves such as a vibration sieve, an in-plane sieve, a rotary sieve (Trommel), and wind power sorting. It is preferable to use a sieve because it can be used by a machine or the like and is easy to operate. When a sieve is used as the separation facility 4, the opening of the sieve is preferably 0.6 mm to 11.2 mm from the viewpoint of separation accuracy of the fiber portion. As described above, when a sieve having an opening of 0.6 mm to 11.2 mm is used, the fiber portion passes through the sieve and the remaining portion remains on the sieve. The unprocessed fuel was normally exposed to the atmosphere for a considerable period of time after the palm oil and fat was squeezed at the palm coconut shell supply area 40 until it was delivered to the distribution base 1, and the fuel was dried in PKS. The bonded state of the fiber portion is very brittle, and the fiber portion can be easily separated by using the above-mentioned separation equipment.

The proportion of the fiber portion in the PKS is usually 1% by mass or less, and most of the unprocessed fuel received in step S20 remains on the sieve. The remaining portion on the sieve has a lower odor than the state at the time of acceptance at the distribution base 1 due to the removal of the fiber portion having a strong odor.

The palm palm pattern fiber portion separated from the unprocessed fuel by the separation facility 4 has a strong odor as it is. Therefore, for example, heat treatment at 80 ° C. or higher using the extracted steam described in Patent Document 1 is performed. The fuel may be used as a biomass fuel after being sufficiently deodorized by the heat treatment at 115 ° C. or higher described in Patent Document 2. At that time, it may be used as a binder when molding pelletized biomass fuel. It should be noted that this heat treatment is an unnecessary process when producing the PKS fuel (product fuel) scheduled to be shipped by the distribution base 1 according to the present invention, and is a process performed only for producing another biomass fuel. is there. That is, the equipment for performing this heat treatment may not be provided in the distribution base 1 according to the present invention.

<< Step S40 >>
In step S30, the fiber portion is removed from the unprocessed fuel, so that the odor is reduced as described above. As a result, as the PKS fuel after step S30 is executed, there is a fuel having an odor (shippable odor) that can be shipped to the consumer as it is (that is, a product fuel), but it can still be shipped. Some products cannot be shipped as they are (that is, received fuel) because they do not satisfy the odor.

In this step S40, it is determined whether or not the PKS fuel has an odor within the odor that can be shipped. This step S40 corresponds to the above step (c). The PKS fuel determined in step S40 to exhibit an odor higher than the odor that can be shipped may be transported to the receiving product storage area 6 as the receiving product fuel.

As described above, the supply source (palm palm shell supply area 40, first distribution base 41) may supply PKS fuel from which the fiber portion has already been removed to the distribution base 1. In this case, the PKS fuel received in step S20 does not need to perform the fiber portion removing step according to step S30. However, since it is unclear whether or not the PKS fuel exhibits an odor within the shipping odor, this step S40 is executed.

Further, as described above, it has been clarified that the fiber portion has already been removed from the supply source (palm palm shell supply area 40, first distribution base 41) and the odor is within the odor that can be shipped. The PKS fuel (that is, the product fuel) in the state of being in the state may be supplied to the distribution base 1. In particular, it corresponds to the case where the product fuel is stored in the first distribution base 41 and the product fuel is interchanged with the distribution base 1. In such a case, for the PKS fuel (product fuel) received in step S20, step S60 is executed without going through step S30, step S40, and step S50. Step S50 and step S60 will be described later.

FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing an example of the processing flow included in step S40. In the example shown in FIG. 3, step S40 includes the processes of step S41, step S42, step S43, and step S44. As will be described later, step S44 may be omitted.

First, the odor of the PKS fuel in which the fiber portion has already been removed is measured by the odor measuring facility 5 (step S41). At this time, it is also possible that a part of the PKS fuel is extracted and then the odor is measured for the extracted PKS fuel. Step S41 corresponds to step (c1) and step (c2).

As described above, the fiber portion of the PKS may be removed at the time of acceptance in step S20. In this case, step S41 is executed after step S20.

As shown in FIG. 3, the odor is measured in step S41 because it is used for comparison with the odor that can be shipped in the next step S42. Here, the “shippable odor” in the present specification means that the odor of the product fuel at the time of arrival under the fuel consumer 50 has a 9-step pleasure / discomfort display method in olfactory measurement. It means that it is more than "somewhat unpleasant".

As methods for evaluating the intensity and intensity of odor, there are instrumental analysis methods such as gas chromatography and olfactory measurement methods using the three-point comparison odor bag method, but these official methods are complicated to measure. At the same time, it is difficult to use it as a management method in the distribution base 1 because the evaluation result cannot be confirmed in real time.

From the above viewpoint, the odor measuring facility 5 is preferably an odor sensor using a metal oxide semiconductor gas sensor. Further, an odor sensor using such a metal oxide semiconductor gas sensor is preferable as an odor measuring facility 5 because it is capable of continuous measurement in addition to the features that the measurement operation is simple and the result can be obtained in a short time.

As one of the specific embodiments of the odor measurement method for PKS fuel using the odor measurement facility 5, the specifications are such that the PKS fuel is blocked from the outside air of a conveyor with a hood (belt conveyor, chain conveyor, etc.) and the odor does not diffuse. A method of measuring odor while transporting the inside of the distribution base 1 by the transport equipment of the above can be used. As a more specific example, a detection unit of the odor measuring facility 5 is installed at a position upstream from the center of the conveyor in the conveyor hood.

For example, the odor of the PKS fuel determines the odor that can be shipped, using the indicated value of the odor measuring facility 5 used when the stage of the 9-step comfort / discomfort display method is -1, which has been confirmed in advance, as an index. Whether or not they are satisfied is determined (step S42, step S43).

For example, when KALMOR-Σ (manufactured by Calmore) is used as the odor measuring facility 5, the atmospheric measurement value (blank) in a place where PKS fuel does not exist is 200, and 10% of pulverized coal is mixed with PKS fuel to give an unpleasant odor. Since the odor sensor indicated value is 600 when the fuel is reduced to an acceptable level, a threshold value of 600 may be adopted as the index of the odor measuring facility 5.

If the odor of the PKS fuel measured by the odor measuring facility 5 is within the odor that can be shipped (Yes in step S43), step S60 described later is executed. On the other hand, when the odor of the PKS fuel measured by the odor measuring facility 5 is higher than the odor that can be shipped (No in step S43), it is determined that the PKS fuel is the received product fuel, and the receiving product storage area 6 is set. Transported and stored (step S44). The received product fuel stored in the received product storage area 6 is deodorized so as to satisfy the odor that can be shipped in step S50 described later. Step S43 corresponds to step (c3) and step S44 corresponds to step (c4).

As described above, the distribution base 1 has a receiving goods storage area 6 and a product storage area 8. The received product storage area 6 is a place for storing the PKS fuel (received product fuel) having an odor higher than the shipable odor, and the product storage area 8 is a place for storing the PKS fuel (product fuel) having an odor within the shipable odor. It is a place to do.

The PKS fuel determined to be the received product fuel in step S43 is immediately related to step S50, which will be described later, without being temporarily stored in the received product storage area 6, that is, without executing step S44. It does not matter if the deodorizing treatment is performed. In FIG. 3, the case where the processing is performed in such a flow is shown by a broken line with an arrow.

<< Step S50 >>
Next, a deodorizing treatment is performed on the received product fuel, which is a PKS fuel showing an odor higher than the shipable odor, and the fuel is improved to a PKS fuel (product fuel) showing an odor within the shipable odor. This step S50 corresponds to the step (d). As shown in FIG. 1, the distribution base 1 is provided with a deodorizing treatment facility 7 for executing this step S50.

As described above with reference to FIG. 3, this step S50 may be executed for the received product fuel stored in the received product storage area 6, and is determined to be the received product fuel by step S43. After that, it may be executed as it is without being stored in the receiving goods storage area 6. Further, although omitted in FIG. 2 for the purpose of avoiding complication, in step S20, the fuel in the state of being accepted at the distribution base 1 has an odor higher than the shipable odor although the fiber portion is originally removed. That is, when it is clear that the fuel is the received fuel, the step S50 may be executed after the step S20 without going through the steps S30 and S40.

The deodorizing treatment includes mixing with wood chips or wood pellets of tree species other than palm palm, spraying a deodorant, and ventilating the air at room temperature. In step S50, all of these processes may be executed, or only some of these processes may be executed.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram schematically showing an example of the configuration of the deodorizing treatment facility 7. In the example shown in FIG. 4, the deodorizing treatment facility 7 uses a mixing facility 71 for mixing wood chips or wood pellets of tree species other than palm palm with the received fuel, and a deodorant for the received fuel. It is provided with a spraying facility 72 for spraying and a ventilation facility 73 for ventilating the air at room temperature to the received fuel.

As described above, the mixing facility 71 is a facility for dry-mixing the received fuel and wood chips or wood pellets of a tree species other than palm palm, and is limited to the device mode as long as the above mixing function is performed. However, heavy machinery such as wheel loaders, mixers with blades, rotary sieves, etc. can be effectively used.

Wood chips or wood pellets of tree species other than the above palm palm have the effect of weakening the unpleasant odor emitted from the received fuel by strongly emitting a preferable scent or adsorbing an odorous component of an unpleasant odor. , Sugi, Hinoki, Larch, Japanese red pine, Sakura and the like, and chips and pellets are preferable. Since the wood chips and the like are mixed with the received fuel (PKS fuel) and shipped as biomass fuel, the size is the same as PKS, the long side is 5 cm or less, and the water content is 20% by mass or less. Those are preferable.

The mixing ratio of the received fuel and wood chips of tree species other than palm coconut may be set so that the content of palm coconut shell in the mixed biomass fuel is 50% by mass or more.

The deodorant spraying facility 72 is a facility for spraying a specific deodorant on the received fuel, and is not limited to the device mode as long as it performs the above spraying function or the chemical spraying function. The spray type, additive type, etc. can be effectively used.

As the deodorant used in the deodorant spraying facility 72, a disinfectant deodorant using ozone oxidizing power such as ozone mist, a neutralizing deodorant such as vegetable essential oil or chlorine dioxide, etc. are preferably used. it can. In particular, since the deodorizing method using ozone can be continuously performed by preparing an ozone generator, the running cost of drug purchase can be suppressed.

The room temperature air ventilation facility 73 is a facility for the purpose of drying and deodorizing the received fuel. Generally, a biomass fuel containing PKS (particularly unprocessed fuel) transported from the palm palm shell supply area 40 to the distribution base 1 contains about 25% by mass of water, but the water content is 8% by mass or less. By setting this, the unpleasant odor emitted by the PKS can be reduced to an acceptable level. A simple method for reducing the water content of biomass fuel containing PKS (here, the received fuel) to 8% by mass or less is to expose the received fuel to the air at room temperature in an environment where rain does not occur. is there. More specifically, it may be simply placed in a storage place where natural drying such as sun drying or indoor drying can be performed, or more efficiently, a gas outlet is provided under the floor of the storage place for the received fuel. Install a ventilation pipe, insert a ventilation pipe with a gas outlet directly into the pile of the received fuel, forcibly ventilate the air at room temperature into the fuel received, or use a blower to blow the air at room temperature into the pile of the received fuel. Just blow the air.

In the example shown in FIG. 4, the deodorizing treatment facility 7 is shown to include a mixing facility 71, a deodorant spraying facility 72, and a room temperature air ventilation facility 73. It may be provided with at least one of 71, 72, 73).

<< Step S60 >>
The received fuel deodorized in step S50 becomes a product fuel showing an odor within the shipable odor, and together with the fuel determined in step S40 (more specifically, step S43) to show an odor within the shipable odor. It is stored in the product storage area 8. At this time, the product fuel is stored in the product storage area 8 which differs according to the quality. This step S60 corresponds to the step (e).

As described above, it has been clarified that the fiber portion has already been removed from the supply source (palm palm shell supply area 40, first distribution base 41) and that the odor is within the odor that can be shipped. The PKS fuel (that is, the product fuel) in the state of being in the state may be supplied to the distribution base 1. In such a case, as shown in FIG. 2, after the product fuel is received by the distribution base 1 in step S20, step S30, step S40, and step S50 are omitted, and this step S60 is executed.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing an example of the processing flow included in step S60. In the example shown in FIG. 5, step S60 includes the processes of step S61, step S62, step S63, step S64, and step S65. As will be described later, in step S20, when the product fuel is received by the distribution base 1 from the supply source (palm palm shell supply area 40, first distribution base 41), steps S61, step S62, and step. S63 may be omitted. In FIG. 5, the case where the processing is performed in such a flow is shown by a broken line with an arrow.

First, a part of the product fuel is extracted from the product fuel transported to the product storage area 8 (step S61). For example, as shown in FIG. 1, the distribution base 1 may include a sampler 12 for product fuel for executing step S61. The product fuel sampler 12 is a sampling device for analysis / testing, and the sampling method is not particularly limited as long as a highly representative sample can be sampled. Generally, as described in JIS K 0060 "Industrial waste sampling method" and JIS M 8100 "Powder mass mixture? Sampling method general rules", the entire flow of the target product that falls into the outlet of the conveyor or feeder. A sampler that can be collected from the width is preferably adopted. This step S61 corresponds to the step (e1).

Next, an analysis is performed on the extracted product fuel (step S62). For example, as shown in FIG. 1, the distribution base 1 may be provided with an analysis facility 11 for executing step S62.

The analysis facility 11 is not particularly limited as long as it can handle the required test / analysis items, and a general-purpose test device or analysis device can be used. Further, the analysis facility 11 may have an unmanned configuration using a robot handling automation system or the like. As an example, the analysis facility 11 has a function of testing and analyzing the amount of alkali metal, chlorine content, water content, and calorific value of the product fuel.

The measurement of the amount of chemical components (alkali metal, chlorine, etc.) contained in the product fuel is not particularly limited as long as it is an analysis method that can obtain the desired amount of chemical components, but from the viewpoint of versatility and analysis accuracy, the sample or It is preferable to use an absorptiometry analysis method, an luminescence spectroscopic analysis method, an atomic absorption spectrophotolysis method or an ICP luminescence spectroscopic analysis method for a solution obtained by completely dissolving an incinerated sample with an acid. For the chlorine content, the test method of JIS Z 7302-6 "Waste solidified fuel-Part 6: Total chlorine content test method" can be used. The incineration of the product fuel is preferably carried out at a low temperature of 600 ° C. or lower from the viewpoint of preventing the dissipation of volatilized components such as alkali.

Further, for the measurement of the water content (or water content) contained in the product fuel, for example, the method described in JIS Z 7302-3 "Waste solidified fuel-Part 3: Moisture test method" can be used. .. Specifically, the mass before and after heating when heated at a drying chamber temperature of 107 ± 2 ° C. for 1 hour may be used. Furthermore, instrumental analysis such as thermal balance analysis (TG) can also be used.

Further, for the measurement of the calorific value of the product fuel, for example, the method described in JIS Z 7302-2 "Waste solidified fuel-Part 2: Calorific value test method" can be used.

However, the analysis facility 11 does not have to have all the analysis functions of the amount of alkali metal, the amount of chlorine, the amount of water (moisture content), and the calorific value contained in the product fuel, and at least among these. It suffices to have one or more analysis functions.

The method for transporting the product fuel extracted by the sampler 12 for product fuel to the installation location of the analysis facility 11 is not particularly limited, but a pneumatic tube system or the like capable of automatically transporting a sample is preferable. used.

Next, the quality of the target product fuel is specified based on the result analyzed by the analysis facility 11 (step S63). Step S63 corresponds to step (e3).

As a method for specifying the quality of the product fuel, any quality item and an arbitrary number of levels in each quality item may be used. For example, when sorting by three items of calorific value, water content and alkali content, the two items of calorific value and water content are classified into two levels, large and small according to a specific threshold value, and the quality required by the fuel consumer 50. It is possible to adopt a method of classifying the fine alkali content into 3 levels of large, medium and small, and classifying into 12 types (= 2 × 2 × 3) in total. Chlorine content may be included in the classification items.

Next, based on the quality of the product fuel specified in step S63, the product storage area 8 which is the storage destination of the product fuel is selectively specified from each product storage area (8a, 8b, ...) ( Step S64). As described above, the quality of the product fuel to be stored is different in each product storage area 8. Information on the quality of the product fuel assigned to each product storage area 8 may be stored in advance in a storage unit of an information processing device (not shown) or on paper. Based on this stored information, the product storage area 8 where the product fuel is stored is specified.

Then, the product fuel is transported and stored in the specified product storage area 8 (step S65). Heavy machinery such as wheel loaders and bulldozers and pneumatic feeding can be used to transport product fuel in the field, but from the viewpoints of efficiency, work safety, prevention of scattering of woody biomass fuel, equipment cost, etc., belt conveyors , It is preferable to use conveyors such as screw conveyors and chain conveyors. Since PKS, wood chips, wood pellets, and the like are likely to cause a clogged state called bridging, it is preferable to take measures to prevent clogging of the obstruction plate and the like at places where the route is narrowed.

The product storage area 8 (8a, 8b, ...) Is not particularly limited as long as it can store the product fuel without causing rain or the like and does not interfere with receiving or paying the cargo, and has a roof. Buildings and silos can be used effectively. Further, from the viewpoint of preventing spontaneous combustion during the storage period as well as preventing water wetting, a storage facility provided with a product fuel pile turning device, for example, as described in Japanese Patent No. 6381836, is more preferable. When a covered building is used as the product storage area 8, a plurality of product fuels can be stored in one building as long as the product fuels classified by quality can be managed so as not to be mixed with each other.

Depending on the source of the biomass fuel including PKS (palm coconut shell supply area 40, first distribution base 41), the function of analyzing the quality of the biomass fuel (particularly the product fuel in this case) supplied to the distribution base 1. At this time, the supplier may notify the distribution base 1 of information on the quality of the PKS fuel (product fuel) supplied to the distribution base 1. .. In this case, the product storage area 8 as the storage destination may be specified based on the notified information on the quality of the PKS fuel, and the product fuel may be stored in the specified product storage area 8. (Step S64, step S65). In this case, the analysis processing (step S61, step S62, step S63) for the product fuel may not necessarily be performed in the distribution base 1. In FIG. 5, the case where the step S64 is executed after the end of the step S20 is shown by the broken line indicates the flow corresponding to this process. In particular, in this case, as shown in FIG. 2, after the fuel is received in step S20, step S60 may be executed without executing steps S30, S40, and S50.

<< Step S70 >>
Next, the product fuel stored in the product storage area 8 is shipped to the shipping destinations (fuel consumer 50, second distribution base 51). This step S70 corresponds to the step (f).

FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing an example of the processing flow included in step S70. In the example shown in FIG. 6, step S70 includes the processes of step S71, step S72, step S73, step S74, step S75, and step S76.

Each fuel consumer 50 (50A, 50B, 50C, ...) And the like gives information on the specific quality (required quality) to be ordered. At the distribution base 1, first, a product storage area 8 in which product fuel satisfying the required quality is stored is specified (step S71). This step S71 corresponds to the step (f1).

Next, a part of the product fuel is extracted from the large amount of product fuel stored in the specified product storage area 8 (step S72). This step S72 corresponds to the step (f3).

For example, as shown in FIG. 1, the distribution base 1 may include a sampler 13 for shipping products for executing step S72. The shipping product sampler 13 can have the same configuration as the product fuel sampler 12 described above. The product fuel sampler 12 may also serve as the shipping product sampler 13.

Next, analysis is performed on the extracted product fuel (step S73). This step S73 corresponds to the step (f4). In the example shown in FIG. 1, a case where the product fuel extracted by the sampler 13 for shipment is analyzed by the same analysis facility 11 as in step S62 is shown. However, the distribution base 1 may be provided with a dedicated analysis facility 11 for execution in step S73, in addition to the analysis facility 11 used in step S62.

Next, based on the result analyzed by the analysis facility 11, the quality to which the product fuel extracted by the sampler 13 for shipment belongs is specified, and it is confirmed whether or not the specified quality satisfies the required quality. (Step S74). This step S74 corresponds to the step (f5) and the step (f6). If the target product fuel does not meet the required quality, the process may return to step S71 to specify another product storage area 8 in which the target product fuel is stored again.

When it is confirmed in step S74 that the target product fuel satisfies the required quality, a large amount of product fuel stored in the product storage area 8 is transported to the shipping facility 9 (step S75).

The shipping facility 9 is preferably provided with a shipping facility for sea transportation 9a and a shipping facility for land transportation 9b. The shipping equipment 9a for sea transportation is not particularly limited as long as it can be shipped according to the packing style, such as a ship loader for bulk loading, a crane or hoist for containers or flexible containers. Further, the land transportation shipping facility 9b is not particularly limited as long as it can be shipped according to the packing style, such as a hopper for loading on a loose truck and a forklift that handles flexible containers and the like.

However, the shipping facility 9 provided in the distribution base 1 may include only one of the shipping facility 9a for sea transportation and the shipping facility 9b for land transportation.

Then, the product fuel is delivered from the shipping facility 9a for sea transportation by the sea transportation means 93 such as a ship to the fuel consumer 50 (50A, 50B, 50C, ...) Or the second distribution base 51 (51A, 51B, 51C, ...). ), And the fuel consumer 50 (50A, 50B, 50C, ...) Or the second distribution base 51 (51A, 51B) by the land transportation means 94 represented by a truck or other transportation vehicle from the land transportation shipping facility 9b. , 51C, ...) (Step S76). This step S76 corresponds to the step (f2).

It is considered that there is almost no possibility that the properties of the product fuel will change during storage unless it gets wet with water. Further, the quality of the product fuel stored in the product storage area 8 is analyzed and specified when the storage destination product storage area 8 is determined in step S60. Therefore, in many cases, the product fuel stored in the product storage area 8 continues to ensure the quality associated with the product storage area 8 in which the product fuel is stored even immediately before shipment. From this point of view, steps S72 and S73 may be omitted, and in step S74, it may be simply confirmed whether or not the quality of the product fuel associated with the product storage area 8 at the storage destination satisfies the required quality. ..

Further, from the shipping facility 9a for sea transportation or the shipping facility 9b for land transportation, PKS showing a higher odor than the odor that can be shipped to the second distribution base 51 (51A, 51B, 51C, ...) In addition to the product fuel. Fuel (received product fuel) or biomass fuel (pre-processed fuel) containing PKS before the fiber portion is removed may be shipped.

The amount of PKS fuel (received product fuel) that can be stored in the receiving product storage area 6 provided in the distribution base 1 and the PKS fuel (product fuel) that can be stored in the product storage area 8 (8a, 8b, 8c, ...). The total with the amount is preferably 5,000 tons or more, more preferably 10,000 tons or more, and particularly preferably 20,000 tons or more. By providing such a storage capacity, the distribution base 1 can stock the required fuel for several days in, for example, a 75 MW class biomass power generation boiler.

Hereinafter, specific test examples will be shown in order to explain the present invention in more detail, but the present invention is not limited to the aspects of these test examples.

As a sample, a shell portion obtained by separating a whiskers-like fiber portion from the PKS using a Malaysian Tenera PKS (a1) (calorific value: 4800 kcal / kg) and a sieve having an opening of 1.7 mm (a shell portion (calorific value: 4800 kcal / kg)). a2) (calorific value: 4800 kcal / kg), separated whisker-shaped fiber portion (a3), and shell portion (a2) mixed with equal amounts of red pine chips (moisture content: 30% by mass). (A4) (calorific value: 4000 kcal / kg) and chip mixture B (a5) (heat generation) in which the chips of the red pine dried to a water content of 0.8% by mass are mixed in equal amounts in the shell portion (a2). Amount: 4750 kcal / kg) was prepared.

The PKS (a1) corresponds to the unprocessed fuel accepted at distribution base 1 in step S20. The shell portion (a2) corresponds to the PKS fuel (here, the received fuel) in which the fiber portion is separated from the unprocessed fuel in step S30. The fiber portion (a3) separated here is a fuel that is not used as a PKS fuel, and as described above, it can be used as another biomass fuel such as a binder for pelletized biomass fuel.

Further, both the chip mixture A (a4) and the chip mixture B (a5) are PKS fuels (here, the received fuel is deodorized by the deodorizing treatment equipment 7 in step S50). Corresponds to product fuel). The chip mixed product B (a5) is different from the chip mixed product A (a4) in the content of the deodorizing treatment.

For the above samples a1 to a5, the intensity of odor according to the water content was measured. The water content is measured by a method based on JIS Z 7302-3 "Waste solidified fuel-Part 3: Moisture test method", that is, when the sample is heated and dried at 107 ± 2 ° C. for 1 hour. The difference in mass before and after drying was taken as the water content by the mass percentage with respect to the sample. The intensity of the odor was measured by the following procedure. Table 1 shows the measurement results of the odor intensity of each sample according to the water content. In the indicated value of the odor sensor used for measuring the intensity of the odor, the intensity of the odor that a person can tolerate discomfort is 600 or less.

<< Procedure for measuring odor intensity >>
(I) 100 g of the sample was sealed in a 1 L plastic container.
(Ii) It was allowed to stand for 1 day in a constant temperature environment of 30 ° C.
(Iii) Using a flex pump, the gas in the plastic container containing the sample was collected in a 3 L gas bag.
(Iv) The intensity of the odor of the gas in the collected gas bag was measured using an odor sensor (NeoSigma manufactured by Calmore Co., Ltd.).

From Table 1, the following five points are confirmed.
(I) The tangible PKS (a1) has a strong odor even when the moisture content is dried to 12% by mass.
(Ii) The odor of PKS is weakened by removing the fiber portion.
(Iii) If the water content of the shell portion of the PKS from which the fiber portion has been removed is 8% by mass or less, the odor is weakened to an acceptable level.
(Iv) Mixing wood chips is effective in reducing the odor from PKS.
(V) The more dried the wood chips used for mixing, the greater the effect of reducing the odor from the PKS.

Next, the strength of the odor when water was added to the shell portion that had been dried once to weaken the odor was examined. This is for confirming the necessity of water wetting prevention measures for the storage of PKS after the deodorizing treatment is carried out.

The sample was prepared by drying the shell portion (a2) of the PKS until the water content became 0% by mass, and spraying water so as to have a predetermined water content. The method for measuring the intensity of odor is the same as the above test. The results are shown in Table 2. In Table 2, the indicated value 400 of the odor sensor when the water content is 0% by mass indicates an almost odorless state.

From Table 2, the following two points are further confirmed.
(Vi) The intensity of the odor of PKS is stronger as the water content is higher.
(Vii) Compared with the results in Table 1, the relationship between the water content of PKS and the intensity of odor is reversible, and it is preferable that the storage equipment of PKS has a function of preventing water from getting wet.

1: Logistics base for biomass fuel containing palm palm shells 3: Receiving equipment 3a: Receiving equipment for sea transportation 3b: Receiving equipment for land transportation 4: Separation equipment 5: Odor measurement equipment 6: Receiving goods storage area 7: Deodorizing treatment equipment 8 (8a, 8b, 8c, 8d, ...): Product storage area 9: Shipping equipment 9a: Shipping equipment for sea transportation 9b: Shipping equipment for land transportation 11: Analysis equipment 12: Sampler for product fuel 13: Sampler for shipping products 40 ( 40A, 40B, 40C, ...): Palm palm shell supply area 41 (41A, 41B, 41C, ...): Other distribution bases (first distribution base)
50 (50A, 50B, 50C, ...): Fuel consumer 51 (51A, 51B, 51C, ...): Other distribution base (second distribution base)
71: Mixing equipment 72: Deodorant spraying equipment 73: Room temperature air ventilation equipment 91: Sea transportation means 92: Land transportation means 93: Sea transportation means 94: Land transportation means

Claims (17)

A method of distributing biomass fuel containing palm coconut shells.
The step (a) of accepting the unprocessed fuel, which is a biomass fuel containing palm coconut shells, which is a raw material of the product fuel which is a biomass fuel containing palm coconut shells that can be shipped, from the supplier.
The step (b) of removing the fiber portion of the palm coconut shell by performing a separation treatment on the unprocessed fuel received in the step (a).
Step (c) of determining whether the biomass fuel obtained in the step (b) is a received product fuel having an odor higher than the shipable odor or a product fuel having an odor within the shipable odor. When,
The step (d) of producing the product fuel by executing a predetermined deodorizing treatment on the received product fuel, and
A step (e) of specifying the storage destination of the product fuel from a plurality of product storage areas according to the quality of the product fuel and storing the product fuel in the specified product storage area.
A method for distributing biomass fuel containing palm coconut shells, which comprises a step (f) of shipping the product fuel stored in the product storage to a shipping destination. The step (f) is
A step (f1) of identifying one or more product storage sites where the product fuel that meets the quality standard according to the requirements of the shipping destination is stored.
The palm coconut shell according to claim 1, further comprising a step (f2) of shipping the product fuel stored in the product yard specified in the step (f1) to the shipping destination. Logistics method of including biomass fuel. The step (f) is
The step (f3) of extracting at least a part of the product fuel and
A step (f4) of analyzing the calorific value and / or a predetermined chemical component of the product fuel extracted in the step (f3).
Based on the analysis result of the step (f4), the product depends on the range to which one or more indexes selected from the group consisting of the alkali metal content, chlorine content, water content, and calorific value of the product fuel belong. The process of identifying fuel quality (f5) and
The first aspect of the present invention, wherein the product fuel specified in the step (f5) includes a step (f6) for confirming that the quality of the product fuel meets the quality standard according to the requirements of the shipping destination. Logistics method for biomass fuel containing palm palm husks. The step (f) is
A step (f1) of identifying one or more product storage sites where the product fuel that meets the quality standard according to the requirements of the shipping destination is stored.
It has a step (f2) of shipping the product fuel stored in the product storage area specified in the step (f1) to the shipping destination.
The palm according to claim 3, wherein the step (f3) includes a step of extracting at least a part of the product fuel stored in the product yard specified in the step (f1). Logistics method for biomass fuel containing coconut shells. The predetermined deodorizing treatment in the step (d) includes a mixing treatment of the received fuel with wood chips or wood pellets of a tree species other than palm palm, a spraying treatment of a deodorant, and an aeration treatment of air at room temperature. The method for distributing a biomass fuel containing palm coconut shell according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the treatment is one or more selected from. The step (c) is
The step (c1) of extracting at least a part of the biomass fuel obtained in the step (b) and
In the step (c2) of measuring the odor of the biomass fuel extracted in the step (c1),
Claims 1 to 1, which include a step (c3) of specifying whether or not the odor exhibited by the biomass fuel is within the shipable odor based on the range to which the measurement result of the step (c2) belongs. 5. The method for distributing biomass fuel containing palm coconut shells according to any one of 5. In the step (c), when the odor indicated by the biomass fuel exceeds the shipable odor in the step (c3), it is determined that the biomass fuel is the received fuel, and the product storage area The method for distributing biomass fuel containing palm coconut shells according to claim 6, further comprising a step (c4) of storing in another receiving goods storage place. The step (e) is
The step (e1) of extracting at least a part of the product fuel and
A step (e2) of analyzing the calorific value and / or a predetermined chemical component of the product fuel extracted in the step (e1).
Based on the analysis result of the step (e2), the product depends on the range to which one or more indexes selected from the group consisting of the amount of alkali metal contained, the amount of chlorine contained, the amount of water contained, and the calorific value of the product fuel belong. The method for distributing a biomass fuel containing a palm coconut shell according to any one of claims 1 to 7, further comprising a step (e3) for specifying the quality of the fuel. The step (a) includes a step of receiving the unprocessed fuel transported by land or sea from the supplier.
The palm coconut shell according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the step (f) includes a step of transporting the product fuel to the shipping destination by land transportation or sea transportation. Logistics method for biomass fuel. The step (a) includes a step of receiving the unprocessed fuel from the palm coconut shell supply area or the first distribution base as the supply source to the distribution base.
The step (f) includes a step of shipping the product fuel from the distribution base to the biomass fuel demand area or the second distribution base as the shipping destination, according to claims 1 to 9. The method for distributing biomass fuel containing palm coconut shells according to any one of the above items. A distribution base for biomass fuel containing palm coconut shells
A shipping facility for shipping product fuel, which is a biomass fuel containing palm palm shells that can be shipped, to the shipping destination,
A receiving facility that accepts unprocessed fuel, which is a biomass fuel containing palm coconut shells, which is a raw material for the product fuel, from a supplier.
Separation equipment for removing the fiber part of palm palm shell from the unprocessed fuel,
An odor measuring facility for measuring the odor of a biomass fuel containing palm coconut husks from which the fiber portion has been removed from the unprocessed fuel by the separation facility, and an odor measuring facility.
The odor measured by the odor measuring facility is higher than the odor that can be shipped. The biomass fuel, which is the received product fuel, is subjected to a predetermined deodorizing treatment to show the odor within the odor that can be shipped. Deodorant treatment equipment for producing product fuel,
The odor measured by the odor measuring facility is the odor within the shipable odor, or the product fuel whose odor is suppressed within the shipable odor by the deodorizing treatment is stored according to quality. A distribution base for biomass fuel containing palm coconut shells, which is characterized by having a product storage area. The distribution base for biomass fuel containing palm coconut shells according to claim 11, further comprising a receiving goods storage place for storing the received goods fuel in addition to the product storage place. The twelfth aspect of claim 12, wherein the total amount of the product fuel that can be stored in the product storage and the amount of the received fuel that can be stored in the receiving product storage is 5,000 tons or more. Biomass fuel distribution base including palm coconut shells. The deodorizing treatment equipment is a mixing equipment that mixes wood chips or wood pellets made of a tree species other than palm palm with the received product fuel, a spraying equipment that sprays a deodorant on the received product fuel, and the receiving product. Distributing biomass fuel containing palm coconut shell according to any one of claims 11 to 13, characterized in that it is provided with at least one of the ventilation facilities for ventilating the air at room temperature to the product fuel. base. The biomass fuel containing palm coconut shell according to any one of claims 11 to 14, characterized in that it has an analytical facility for analyzing the calorific value and / or a predetermined chemical component with respect to the product fuel. Logistics base. It has a port cargo handling facility installed on the coast,
The distribution base for biomass fuel containing palm coconut shells according to any one of claims 11 to 15, wherein the port cargo handling facility constitutes the shipping facility and the receiving facility. The receiving facility has a function of receiving the unprocessed fuel, the received product fuel, or the product fuel transported from the palm palm shell supply site as the supply source or another first distribution base by a ship or a transportation vehicle. Have,
The shipping facility has a function of shipping the unprocessed fuel, the received fuel, or the product fuel to the biomass fuel demanding area or another second distribution base as the shipping destination by a ship or a transport vehicle. The distribution base for biomass fuel containing palm coconut shells according to any one of claims 11 to 16, characterized in that it has.

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