CN110945546B

CN110945546B - Logistics method and logistics base of biomass fuel containing palm coconut shells

Info

Publication number: CN110945546B
Application number: CN201980003039.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 浜田航绮; 田原裕太; 菅谷秀幸
Original assignee: Taiheiyo Cement Corp
Current assignee: Taiheiyo Cement Corp
Priority date: 2019-02-13
Filing date: 2019-07-24
Publication date: 2021-04-06
Anticipated expiration: 2039-07-24
Also published as: CN110945546A

Abstract

The invention provides a method for stably supplying biomass fuel containing palm coconut shells with specified quality to consumers. A method for logistics of biomass fuel containing palm coconut shells, comprising: a step (a) of receiving a pre-processed fuel from a supplier; a step (b) of removing a fiber portion of the coconut shell of the palm tree by subjecting the fuel to a separation treatment before processing; a step (c) of judging whether the biomass fuel obtained in the step (b) is a acceptance material fuel showing a higher odor than an odor capable of being delivered or a product fuel showing an odor within the odor capable of being delivered; a step (d) of generating a product fuel by performing a predetermined deodorization process on the material fuel to be tested; a step (e) of designating a storage destination of the product fuel from among the plurality of product placement locations according to the quality of the product fuel, and storing the product fuel in the designated product placement location; and (f) delivering the product fuel stored in the product placement location to a delivery destination.

Description

Logistics method and logistics base of biomass fuel containing palm coconut shells

Technical Field

The invention relates to a logistics method of biomass fuel containing palm coconut shells and a logistics base for implementing the method.

Background

Due to the implementation of the japanese renewable energy special measure act, etc., the development of technologies for using biomass such as trunks and branches of trees, chips, bark chips, sawdust, bark, building waste, etc., which are renewable energy, as an alternative fuel for power generation boilers or cement clinker firing equipment is currently in progress. In particular, from the viewpoint of the number stability and calorific value, the utilization of biomass from the palm oil industry in malaysia and indonesia is being actively promoted.

Palm coconut shells (hereinafter also referred to as "PKS") are a by-product of the Palm oil industry, and are expected to be used as a renewable resource, because they generate not only million tons per year but also a high calorific value (calorific value) of 4000Kcal/kg or more, and have a characteristic such that they have a small amount of ash at the time of so-called firing (calcination), and the like, and thus their use as a biomass fuel is actively promoted.

On the other hand, since PKSs contain a large amount of various fatty acids such as lower fatty acids such as caprylic acid, capric acid, etc., it is necessary to take a method and means for coping with odor (bad odor) when handling PKSs in large quantities. For example, patent document 1 listed below discloses a method for storing palm coconut seed shells, which is characterized in that palm coconut seed shells are stored after being heat-treated at a temperature of 80 ℃ or higher using extracted steam generated from a power generation facility. Further, patent document 2 listed below discloses a treatment method comprising a step of performing heat treatment at 115 ℃ or higher, wherein the total water content of the palm coconut seed shells is adjusted to 7 to 15 mass%, and further the oil content is adjusted to 10mg or less per gram of PKS.

Documents of the prior art

Patent document

Patent document 1: japanese patent laid-open publication No. 2016-43335

Patent document 2: japanese patent laid-open publication No. 2016-93790

Disclosure of Invention

Problems to be solved by the invention

However, the method disclosed in patent document 1 or patent document 2 requires a heat source in a storage place, a treatment place, or the like to perform deodorization treatment on PKS, which becomes a limiting factor in realizing utilization of PKS as a biomass fuel. Moreover, this is not a fundamental countermeasure technique in stably supplying PKSs to consumers.

The present invention has been made in view of the problems in the logistics of PKS including the odor problem; in particular, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method for stably supplying biomass fuel containing palm coconut shells having predetermined quality characteristics to consumers. In addition, it is another object of the present invention to provide a logistics base (hereinafter, referred to as "logistics base") for implementing the above method, which can be installed in the suburbs of a desired place and has a function of suppressing the generation of unpleasant odors from PKSs.

The biomass fuel containing palm coconut shells (PKS) in the present invention is a woody biomass fuel containing 50 mass% or more of PKS derived from the palm oil industry. In the biomass fuel containing the PKS, examples of the mixture other than the PKS include: woody biomass derived from Palm Oil industry other than PKS, such as Palm tree trunks (OPT), stems and leaves (OPF), and Empty Ears (EFB), and woody chips (wood chips) or woody particles of tree species other than Palm coconut, which are mixed with PKS as a method of deodorization in the method of logistics of the biomass fuel of the present invention as described later.

Means for solving the problems

The invention relates to a logistics method of biomass fuel containing palm coconut shells, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:

a step (a) of receiving a pre-processing fuel as a biomass fuel containing palm coconut shells from a supplier (supply source), the pre-processing fuel being used as a raw material of a shippable production fuel, wherein the production fuel is the biomass fuel containing palm coconut shells;

a step (b) of removing a fiber fraction of the coconut shell of the palm tree by subjecting the pre-processed fuel received in the step (a) to a separation treatment;

a step (c) of determining the biomass fuel obtained in the step (b): said biomass fuel is an acceptance material fuel exhibiting an odor greater than an odor of shippable, or said article fuel exhibiting an odor within said odor of shippable;

a step (d) of generating the product fuel by performing a predetermined deodorization process on the acceptance material fuel;

a step (e) of designating a storage destination of the product fuel from a plurality of product placement locations according to the quality of the product fuel, and storing the product fuel in the designated product placement location; and

and (f) delivering the product fuel stored in the product placement location to a delivery object (delivery destination).

Based on the above method, biomass fuel containing palm coconut shells (PKS) (hereinafter, referred to as "pre-process fuel") delivered at various degrees of odor intensity is received at one site and, after appropriate treatment is applied for deodorization according to the odor intensity, stored at various storage sites according to the quality of the fuel. In addition, the "pre-processed fuel" as used herein refers to a biomass fuel containing PKS in a state before the fiber portion of the coconut shell of the palm tree is removed.

For example, it is said that a Tenera species (mainly malaysia) obtained by improving the variety of palm coconut fruits by reducing the proportion of Endocarp (endocarrp) and increasing the proportion of Mesocarp (Mesocarp) in order to increase the yield of palm oil has a strong odor, and a Dura species (mainly indonesia) having a large proportion of Endocarp and a small proportion of Mesocarp in the fruits has a weak odor relative to the Tenera species. Further, self-heating (self-heating) of the fuel before processing occurs due to factors such as oxidation of oil components, and the temperature in the ship cabin during marine delivery reaches about 90 ℃. If the temperature environment is about 90 ℃, the mixed bacteria causing odor can be inactivated; however, if the humidity in the cabin is high, inactivation of these bacteria becomes insufficient.

The pre-processed fuel transported from the coconut shell supply area of palm trees such as Malaysia, Indonesia and the like in the step (a) and other logistics bases of biomass fuel is first separated and treated in the step (b). By this separation treatment, PKS contained in the fuel before processing is separated into a shell portion having a weak odor intensity and a fibrous whisker portion having a strong odor intensity.

A PKS-containing biomass fuel (hereinafter sometimes also referred to as "PKS fuel") composed of the shell portion of the PKS obtained by the separation is assumed to be: a fuel showing a smell (hereinafter referred to as "detectable smell") to the extent that it can be directly delivered to a customer, and a fuel that does not satisfy the detectable smell, cannot be directly delivered, and requires a deodorizing treatment. This difference in odor intensity is caused by the species and type of palm coconut as a by-product PKS, the temperature and humidity conditions of the storage environment to which the fuel is subjected before the processing step (a), and the like. In the present specification, among PKS fuels after the step (b), a fuel showing an odor within an observable odor as in the former is referred to as a "product fuel", and a fuel showing an odor higher than the observable odor as in the latter is referred to as an "acceptance material fuel".

In the step (c), whether the PKS fuel from which the fiber portion has been separated (removed) is a material fuel or a product fuel is judged according to the level of the odor.

In the step (d), the PKS fuel judged as the acceptable material fuel in the step (c) is subjected to a predetermined deodorization treatment so as to become a product fuel showing an odor within the detectable odor. As described above, according to the logistics method of the present invention, since the deodorization treatment can be performed in the base (logistics base) having the function of receiving and storing the fuel before processing, the PKS fuel obtained by separating the fiber portion of the fuel before processing transported from the supplier such as the palm coconut shell supply place can be converted into the fuel (product fuel) in a state in which the odor is suppressed to a level that allows the fuel to be delivered even if the odor does not satisfy the deliverable odor.

In addition, the step (d) may be set as follows: not limited to the PKS fuel judged as the acceptance material fuel in the process (c), it may be performed for the case where the fiber part has been removed at the time of reception in the process (a) and it can be known in advance that the odor is higher than the odor of the shipment, that is, the PKS fuel belonging to the acceptance material fuel.

In the step (e), the product fuel is stored in a storage destination (product placement location) corresponding to the quality. Therefore, even when a product fuel of a predetermined quality (hereinafter referred to as "required quality") is ordered from the customer side, the stock amount of the product fuel satisfying the required quality in the logistics base can be identified in a short time. Also, even when the stock quantity is less than the required quantity, since the certified material fuel before the deodorization processing is stored in the certified material placement site and the deodorization processing can be performed in the logistics base as described above to generate the product fuel, the supply required quantity can be satisfied thereby. As described above, the product fuel is delivered to the delivery destination (delivery destination) after the deodorization treatment is performed on the acceptance material fuel as necessary (step (f)).

The product fuel to be stored in the product placement location in step (e) may be set to include any one of the following items (i) to (iii).

(i) The PKS fuel judged as the product fuel in the step (c);

(Ii) the PKS fuel converted into a product fuel by performing a deodorization treatment in the step (d);

(iii) the PKS fuel that has been removed from the fiber portion at the time of reception in step (a) and that has an odor within the detectable odor, i.e., belongs to the product fuel, can be known in advance.

As described above, the logistics method based on the present invention performs the deodorization process as needed in the base where the fuel is received and stored, and thus the fuel can be stored in a place where the odor problem is not likely to occur, such as suburbs of urban areas. In addition, the following method can be adopted: the PKS fuel is classified into a product fuel and an approved material fuel in advance according to the level of the odor, and only the PKS fuel judged to be the approved material fuel is subjected to the deodorization treatment. Therefore, a large-scale apparatus is not required as an apparatus for realizing the deodorization treatment.

Therefore, based on the logistics method of the present invention, it is possible to flexibly construct logistics sites (logistics bases) for PKS fuel and to facilitate the utilization of PKS.

In addition, the fiber fraction of the PKS isolated in step (b) is not included in the product fuel in the logistics process of the present invention. The fiber portion of the PKS can be effectively used as biomass fuel in another way, such as directly after deodorization treatment by heating or the like using a facility different from the logistics base of the present invention, or using a binder or the like used for granular biomass fuel.

The predetermined deodorizing treatment in the step (d) may be one or more treatments selected from a mixing treatment with wood chips or wood particles of a tree species other than palm coconut, a deodorizing agent scattering treatment, and a normal temperature air ventilation treatment, which are performed on the acceptable material fuel. As the wood chips or wood particles of the species other than palm coconut, for example, wood chips or wood particles of the species such as cedar, cypress, larch, Korean pine, and cherry tree, which have a deodorizing effect, can be used.

Based on the above method, a deodorizing treatment is performed on a certified material fuel showing an odor higher than an exploitable odor without using an additional heat source to generate a product fuel showing an odor within the exploitable odor, and thus a large-scale apparatus is not required to perform the deodorizing treatment.

The step (f) may be performed by:

a step (f1) of designating one or more of the product placement locations in which the product fuel satisfying a quality standard corresponding to the request of the delivery destination is stored; and

a step (f2) of delivering the product fuel stored in the product placement location specified in the step (f1) to the delivery destination.

In order to meet the order of the customer, the product fuel determined in the step (c), the product fuel generated by the deodorization treatment in the step (d), or the product fuel received in the step (a) may be directly shipped without being stored in the product storage place. In this case, it is sometimes desired to confirm whether or not the product fuel to be delivered has achieved the quality demanded by the customer.

In order to cope with this, the step (f) may be set to include:

a step (f3) of extracting at least a part of the product fuel;

a step (f4) of analyzing the product fuel extracted in the step (f3) with respect to the calorific value and/or the predetermined chemical composition;

a step (f5) of specifying the quality of the product fuel based on the analysis result of the step (f4) and according to a range to which one or more indicators selected from the group consisting of the alkali metal content, the chlorine content, the moisture content, and the calorific value of the product fuel belong; and

a step (f6) of confirming that the quality of the product fuel specified in the step (f5) satisfies a quality standard corresponding to the request of the delivery destination.

Incidentally, as described above, the product fuel is stored in different product placement places by quality. Therefore, it is premised that the product fuel stored in each product placement site satisfies the quality assumed by the product placement site. It is presumed that the quality demanded by the customer is usually satisfied by shipping the product fuel stored in the product storage location corresponding to the quality satisfactory to the quality demanded by the customer. However, the following is also envisaged: even when the product fuel is taken out from the product placement site and shipped, there may be a problem of quality change due to moisture absorption or the like during storage; therefore, before shipping, it is sometimes necessary to check the quality of the product fuel to meet the quality demanded by the customer for the sake of caution.

In order to cope with this, the step (f) may be set to include:

a step (f1) of designating one or more of the product placement locations in which the product fuel satisfying a quality standard corresponding to the request of the delivery destination is stored;

a step (f2) of delivering the product fuel stored in the product placement location specified in the step (f1) to the delivery destination; and

the above-mentioned steps (f3) to (f 6); and is

The step (f3) may be set to include: extracting at least a part of the product fuel stored in the product placement site specified in the process (f 1).

The step (c) may include:

a step (c1) of extracting at least a part of the biomass fuel obtained in the step (b);

a step (c2) of performing odor measurement on the biomass fuel extracted in the step (c 1); and

a step (c3) of specifying whether or not the odor exhibited by the biomass fuel is within the detectable odor based on the range to which the measurement result of the step (c2) belongs.

The step (c2) can be set to a step in which the odor of the extracted biomass fuel (PKS fuel) is measured using odor measurement equipment such as a sensor.

Further, the step (c) may be set to include: a step (c4) of, when the odor exhibited by the biomass fuel in the step (c3) exceeds the shippable odor, determining that the biomass fuel is the acceptable material fuel and storing the acceptable material fuel in an acceptable material storage location other than the product storage location. In this case, the step (d) related to the deodorization treatment may be set as follows: the acceptance material fuel stored in the acceptance material placing site is executed.

The step (e) may be set to include:

a step (e1) of extracting at least a part of the product fuel;

a step (e2) of analyzing the product fuel extracted in the step (e1) with respect to the calorific value and/or the predetermined chemical composition; and

and (e3) specifying the quality of the product fuel based on the analysis result of the step (e2), wherein the specification is based on a range to which one or more indicators selected from the group consisting of the alkali metal content, the chlorine content, the moisture content, and the calorific value of the product fuel belong.

The step (a) may be set to include a step of receiving the pre-processed fuel transported from the supplier by land or sea, and

the step (f) may be set to include a step of transporting the product fuel to the delivery destination by land transportation or sea transportation.

In this case, the supplier may be set as a palm coconut shell supplier or a first material flow base different from the material flow base receiving the fuel before processing in the process (a); the delivery destination may be set to a biomass fuel demand place or a second logistics base different from the logistics base.

The invention relates to a logistics base of biomass fuel containing palm coconut shells, which is characterized by comprising the following components:

a delivery device for delivering a product fuel, which is a biomass fuel containing palm-coconut shells and can be delivered, to a delivery object;

a receiving device that receives a pre-process fuel from a supplier, the pre-process fuel being a raw material used as the product fuel and being a biomass fuel containing palm coconut shells;

separation equipment for removing the fiber fraction of palm coconut shells from the pre-processed fuel;

an odor measurement device that measures an odor of a biomass fuel containing palm coconut shells obtained by removing the fiber fraction from the pre-process fuel by the separation device;

a deodorization processing device for performing a prescribed deodorization processing on a certified material fuel to generate the product fuel, and the certified material fuel is the biomass fuel and the odor measured by the odor measuring device shows an odor higher than an odor that can be emitted, the product fuel shows an odor within the odor that can be emitted; and

a product placement place where the product fuel is stored by quality classification, and an odor of the product fuel measured by the odor measuring device is an odor within the odor that can be issued, or an odor that is suppressed within the odor that can be issued by performing the deodorization treatment.

Based on the logistics base of biomass fuel containing palm coconut shells with the above configuration, a storage base and a delivery base for stabilizing the supply of biomass fuel containing PKS are realized. The quality of the biomass fuel required by the customer is assumed to vary depending on the use status of the customer on the premise that the odor is sufficiently suppressed. Therefore, the product fuel satisfying various quality demands of many demanders is preferentially stored in advance and made into a form capable of being shipped. The logistics base based on the biomass fuel containing palm coconut shells of the invention stores the fuel (product fuel) with the odor in the suppressed state according to the quality classification, so that the product fuel meeting the demand quality of the demander can be easily specified.

If the stock quantity of the product fuel for satisfying the demanded quality of the demanded person is insufficient with respect to the demanded quantity, the product fuel can be produced by, for example, performing a deodorization process on the acceptable material fuel or can be supplied in accordance with the demanded quantity by cooperating with a plurality of neighboring logistics bases to ensure a predetermined quantity of the product fuel satisfying the demanded quality.

The logistics base can be set as follows: in addition to the article placement site, there is also provided an acceptance material placement site for storing the acceptance material fuel. The total of the amount of the product fuel that can be stored in the product placement site and the amount of the acceptable material fuel that can be stored in the acceptable material placement site is preferably 5 kilotons or more, more preferably 1 kiloton or more, and particularly preferably 2 kilotons or more. By the storage capacity of the biomass fuel containing palm coconut shells, it is possible to store a fuel required for several days, for example, for a 75MW class boiler for biomass power generation.

The odor measuring device may be a device capable of continuous measurement.

The logistics base of biomass fuel containing palm coconut shells of the invention has odor measuring equipment, so that the odor intensity emitted by PKS fuel can be specified in real time after the fiber part of PKS is removed from the fuel before processing. Thus, the storage destination of the PKS fuel after removing the fiber part of the palm coconut shell can be appropriately specified between the product placement location and the acceptance material placement location. In particular, when a large number of incoming lots are received, as described above, the odor intensity of PKS fuel varies depending on the storage location in the ship's hold, so that even PKS fuel in the same receiving lot has a deviation in odor intensity, it is preferable to be able to continuously measure the odor intensity of the PKS fuel being transported.

The deodorization processing apparatus may be configured to have: the acceptance material fuel is mixed with any one or more of a mixing device for mixing wood chips or wood particles from a species of trees other than palm coconuts, a dispersing device for dispersing a deodorant for the acceptance material fuel, and a ventilating device for ventilating the acceptance material fuel with air at normal temperature.

Based on these deodorizing treatment apparatuses, an acceptance material fuel that does not satisfy a shippable odor can be converted into a product fuel that satisfies a shippable odor without the need for an additional heat source.

The logistics base of biomass fuel containing palm coconut shells can be set to have the following characteristics: an analysis device for performing an analysis regarding the calorific value and/or a prescribed chemical composition for the product fuel.

According to this configuration, the product fuel can be analyzed in the logistics base, and the quality of each product fuel can be specified. This enables the product placement location to be designated as the destination of storage of the product fuel. Further, the logistics base of biomass fuel containing palm coconut shells of the present invention has an analysis device, and thus can deliver goods while confirming the quality of the loaded goods (i.e., the product fuel stored in the product placement site) loaded on a transportation means such as a ship or a truck, or can deliver goods after confirming the quality of the loaded goods, and can prevent delivery of product fuel that does not satisfy the quality demanded by customers.

Further, the analyzing device for analyzing the product fuel transported to the product storage location and the analyzing device for analyzing the product fuel stored in the product storage location may be shared devices or may be individual devices.

The receiving apparatus may be configured to have a function of receiving wood chips or wood particles of a species other than palm coconuts; in addition, the acceptance material placing place may be set to have a function of storing wood chips or wood particles of a species other than palm coconuts.

Based on this, wood chips or wood particles of tree species other than palm coconut can be mixed in the acceptance material fuel in the logistics base, and even in the case where the PKS fuel shows a higher odor than the odor of the shipment, the odor can be suppressed within the odor of the shipment.

The logistics base of the biomass fuel containing palm coconut shells can be set as follows: the harbor cargo handling facility is provided in a coast, and the harbor cargo handling facility constitutes the shipping facility and the receiving facility.

The receiving device may be configured to: having a function of receiving the pre-process fuel, the acceptance material fuel or the product fuel transported by a ship or a transport vehicle from a palm coconut shell supply place or a first logistics base as the supply party;

the delivery device may be set to: has a function of delivering the pre-processed fuel, the acceptance material fuel or the product fuel to a biomass fuel demand site or a second logistics site as the delivery object by a ship or a transport vehicle.

Based on this, when the order amount of the demanded person cannot be met in one logistics base, the product fuel stored in other adjacent logistics bases can be mixed and loaded, and the product fuel can be efficiently supplied to the demanded person.

Effects of the invention

According to the present invention, a biomass fuel containing palm coconut shells, which has a suppressed unpleasant odor and has an appropriate quality, can be stably supplied.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a block diagram schematically showing the configuration of one embodiment of the logistics base of biomass fuel containing palm coconut shells in the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a flow diagram schematically illustrating the flow of the process of the logistics method of biomass fuel containing palm coconut shells in the present invention;

fig. 3 is a flowchart showing an example of the flow of the processing included in step S40 in fig. 2;

FIG. 4 is a block diagram schematically showing an example of the configuration of the deodorization processing device;

fig. 5 is a flowchart showing an example of the flow of the processing included in step S60 in fig. 2;

fig. 6 is a flowchart showing an example of the flow of the processing included in step S70 in fig. 2.

Detailed Description

Hereinafter, embodiments of a method for logistics of biomass fuel containing palm coconut shells and a logistics base of biomass fuel containing palm coconut shells according to the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings as appropriate. Further, these are sometimes hereinafter abbreviated as "logistics method", "logistics base", respectively.

Fig. 1 is a block diagram schematically showing the configuration of an embodiment of the logistics base in the present invention. Fig. 2 is a flow chart schematically showing the flow of processing of the stream method in the present invention.

The logistics base 1 shown in fig. 1 has a receiving facility 3, a separating facility 4, an odor measuring facility 5, an acceptance material placing site 6, a deodorization processing facility 7, an article placing site 8, and a delivery facility 9. The logistics base 1 shown in fig. 1 is one way to implement the logistics method shown in fig. 2.

Note that in the following description, reference will be made as appropriate to the symbols of the respective steps described in the flowchart shown in fig. 2.

The logistics base 1 has the following functions: pre-processed fuel or PKS fuel to be transported from a supplier) is received and stored in the receiving apparatus 3, and the stored PKS fuel is shipped to a shipping object by the shipping apparatus 9. Here, as described above, PKS fuels are classified into product fuels and acceptance material fuels. The product fuel is biomass fuel containing palm coconut shell (PKS), and the odor of the product fuel is suppressed within the detectable odor, so that the product fuel can be delivered; acceptance material fuel refers to fuel that has an odor exceeding the shippable odor. In addition, the pre-process fuel refers to a raw material of the PKS fuel and is a biomass fuel containing the PKS with the fiber fraction in an as-is state transported from a supplier.

As will be described later, the pre-process fuel has a fibrous portion in the form of a whisker having a strong odor, and the pre-process fuel is subjected to a treatment for removing the fibrous portion in the logistics base 1. Among them, even the PKS fuel in a state where the fiber portion is removed, there still exists a fuel showing a higher odor than an observable odor, which corresponds to "accepted material fuel". The product fuel comprises the following two fuels: a fuel obtained by performing only a treatment for removing a fiber portion from a fuel before processing to thereby exhibit an odor within an odor that can be issued; or a fuel obtained by deodorizing the acceptance material fuel to display an odor within an allowable odor.

The above "acceptance material fuel" and "product fuel" are sometimes collectively referred to as "PKS fuel" only.

Here, as a supplier (supply source) of the pre-processing fuel, it is assumed that: a palm coconut shell supply place 40(40A, 40B, 40C, … …), and a biomass fuel base 41(41A, 41B, 41C, … …) different from the base 1. Hereinafter, the "stream base 41" is sometimes referred to as "first stream base 41" to distinguish from "stream base 1".

Further, there may be a case where the product fuel is supplied from the first logistics base 41 for the purpose of fuel fusion (temporary interfusion) with respect to the logistics base 1. In addition, when the first logistics base 1 does not have the function of performing the deodorization processing, there may be a case where the material acceptance fuel is supplied from the first logistics base 41 to the logistics base 1. Further, when the palm-tree coconut shell supply site 40 includes a device for removing a fiber portion and a device for performing deodorization, which will be described later, there may be a case where the acceptance material fuel and the product fuel are supplied from the palm-tree coconut shell supply site 40 to the logistics base 1.

Further, the delivery target of the product fuel is assumed to be: fuel demanders 50(50A, 50B, 50C, …); and a material flow base 51(51A, 51B, 51C, … …) of biomass fuel different from the material flow base 1. Hereinafter, the "logistics base 51" is sometimes referred to as a "second logistics base 51" to distinguish from the "logistics base 1" and the "first logistics base 41".

The palm coconut shell supply place 40 is assumed as a supply place of biomass fuel containing palm coconut shells, specifically southeast asian countries such as malaysia, indonesia, and the like. The first logistics base 41 is assumed to be a site for supplying fuel before processing, fuel for acceptance materials, or fuel for products for the purpose of melting PKS fuel with respect to the logistics base 1, and specifically has the same function as the logistics base 1. For example, distribution of PKS fuel between the first distribution base 41 and the distribution base 1 is performed as one aspect of dealing with inventory adjustment between distribution bases, re-transportation to a distribution base where a large ship is difficult to load and unload, and resolution of an order amount with an inventory amount of a plurality of distribution bases.

The fuel demander 50 is conceived as: the location where the PKS fuel, particularly the manufactured fuel, is planned to be utilized (the fuel demand location) itself, or the business entity (business, autonomous entity, etc.) having the fuel demand location. As an example of such a fuel demand site, biomass power generation is given. Hereinafter, for the sake of simplicity, description will be made in such a manner that the fuel demander 50 is the fuel demand site itself.

The second logistics base 51 is assumed to be a location where PKS fuel is supplied, and specifically has the same function as the logistics base 1 and the first logistics base 41.

Palm coconut shells have very preferred properties as biomass fuels: drying produces a good calorific value of 4000kcal/kg or more, and chlorine, alkali, and the like are contained in a small amount as evasive components of the fuel, and the annual amount of generation (output) is ten million tons or more. However, in malaysia and indonesia, which are exemplified as the above-mentioned palm coconut shell supply site 40, although a part of the palm coconut shells are effectively used as a boiler fuel in a local palm oil plant or the like, a considerable amount of the palm coconut shells are not used and are directly discarded, and thus, the palm coconut shells are valuable unutilized biomass resources.

Note that the calorific value in the present description refers to JIS Z7302-2 "waste solidified fuel — part 2: net calorific value (lower calorific value) described in calorific value test method ".

The palm coconut shell is a so-called seed shell which is an Endocarp (endocarrap) covering a Kernel (Kernel), and is an aggregate of plant fibers having a particle size of 5mm to 40mm and a corresponding mechanical strength, which is obtained by crushing about half of the palm coconut shell at a supply place 40 of the palm coconut shell through a step of removing the Kernel from the palm coconut shell. Therefore, it is a woody biomass fuel that can be utilized in an existing state without being processed into particles (pellets) or the like to impart mechanical strength.

Step S10 and step S20

As described above, the logistics base 1 receives the pre-process fuel or the PKS fuel delivered from the supplier such as the palm coconut shell supplier 40, the first logistics base 41, and the like in the receiving facility 3 (step S10, step S20). Step S20 corresponds to step (a) described above.

The biomass fuel containing palm coconut shells, which is a fuel before processing, that is, a biomass fuel containing palm coconut shells that needs to be subjected to predetermined processing at the time of shipment, is supplied to the logistics base 1 from a supply source such as a palm coconut shell supply place 40 or a first logistics base 41. In addition, as another example, as described above, it is also conceivable that there are cases where: the material fuel, the product fuel, is supplied from the supply side, particularly the first material flow base 41, to the material flow base 1. In the latter aspect (mode), for example, as described above, the case where the stock amount in the logistics base 1 is small and the product fuel is supplied to meet the demand of the fuel consumer 50 by receiving the melting of the product fuel from the other logistics base (the first logistics base 41) in the vicinity is dealt with.

The reception device 3 preferably has a marine reception device 3a and a land reception device 3 b. The marine vessel receiving facility 3a is a facility for receiving the pre-processing fuel or PKS fuel transported from the supplier such as the palm-tree coconut shell supply site 40 or the first logistics base 41 to the logistics base 1 by the marine vessel 91 such as a ship. The land transportation reception device 3b is a device for receiving the pre-process fuel or PKS fuel transported from the supplier such as the palm-tree coconut shell supply site 40 or the first logistics base 41 to the logistics base 1 by a land transportation means 92 represented by a transportation vehicle such as a truck.

More specifically, the marine receiving facility 3a is preferably configured by, for example, an estuary cargo handling facility provided at a coast portion, and has a dedicated dock. The sea receiver 3a is not particularly limited as long as it can receive bulk cargo, and a general unloader such as a grab bucket type, a continuous mechanical type, or a pneumatic type can be used. In particular, a grab bucket is preferable from the viewpoint of being able to handle loads of various shapes and sizes.

In addition, some ships are equipped with cranes for loading and unloading goods. In this way, the marine vessel receiving facility 3a may have a receiving hopper with a conveyor attached thereto so as to receive the pre-processing fuel or PKS fuel transported by a cargo ship equipped with a crane.

Thus, for example, pre-process fuel may be received in large quantities from the palm coconut shell supply site 40 to the logistics base 1 via the marine vessel 91. Further, by using the marine receiving facility 3a also as a marine delivery facility 9a described later, a large amount of product fuel can be delivered to the delivery destination (the fuel consumer 50, the second logistics base 51) by the ship. Thereby, the logistics cost can be reduced.

The land transportation receiver 3b is not particularly limited as long as it can be unloaded from various trucks of a Dump (Dump) type or a road traveling type (or slide dock), and a receiving hopper or the like having a conveyor attached thereto can be effectively used. As such, in the case where the receiving apparatus 3 has the land-use receiving apparatus 3b, the logistics base 1 can be constructed even in an inland area or the like where the bay cargo-handling apparatus cannot be provided, and can contribute to promotion of utilization of the biomass fuel containing PKS. Further, it is also possible to construct a land use shipping apparatus 9b described later to serve as the land use receiving apparatus 3 b.

The receiving device 3 of the logistics base 1 can be set as: both the marine use receiving apparatus 3a and the land use receiving apparatus 3b may be provided, or only either one of them may be provided.

Step S30

In this step S30, a process of removing a fiber portion is performed for the pre-processed fuel received in the reception apparatus 3. Step S30 corresponds to step (b) described above. Further, as described above, there is a case where the acceptance material fuel, the product fuel, is supplied from the supply direction to the logistics base 1; in this case, the reception is performed by the reception device 3 in a state where the fiber part has been removed, and therefore this step S30 is omitted. Fig. 2 illustrates the case where step S40 is executed after step S30 is omitted, and the case where step S60 is executed, and differences therebetween are described later.

The palm coconut shell has a fibrous portion, and the proportion of the odor emitted from the fibrous portion is large relative to the odor emitted from the palm coconut shell. Therefore, for the pre-processed fuel received by the receiving device 3, the fiber portion is separated and removed by the separating device 4.

The separation device 4 is a device capable of separating a fiber fraction from the pre-processed fuel, and is not particularly limited as long as it is a dry device, and various sieves such as a vibrating sieve, an in-plane sieve, and a rotary sieve (trommel), and an air separator can be used. In the case of using a sieve as the separation apparatus 4, the mesh (pore diameter) of the sieve used is preferably 0.6mm to 11.2mm from the viewpoint of the separation precision of the fiber part. Thus, when a screen having a mesh opening of 0.6mm to 11.2mm is used, the fiber portion penetrates the screen while the remaining portion remains on the screen. In addition, since the fuel before processing is usually dried by being exposed to normal air for a reasonable period of time after palm oil is extracted from the palm coconut shell supply place 40 and before being transported to the logistics base 1, the bonding state of the fiber part on the PKS becomes very weak, and the fiber part can be easily separated by the above-mentioned separation equipment.

The proportion of the fiber fraction in the PKS is typically below 1 mass%, and a substantial portion of the pre-process fuel received in step S20 remains on the screen. By removing the strong odour fibre fraction, the odour is reduced in the remaining part of the sieve compared to the situation when received in the logistics base 1.

In addition, since the fibrous portion of the coconut palm stalks separated from the pre-processed fuel in the separation equipment 4 has strong odor when it is left as it is, it can be set as follows: for example, the biomass fuel is used after being sufficiently deodorized by a heating treatment at 80 ℃ or higher using extracted steam as described in patent document 1 and a heating treatment at 115 ℃ or higher as described in patent document 2. In this case, the binder can also be used as a binder in forming the granular biomass fuel. The heat treatment is not necessary for producing the predetermined PKS fuel (product fuel) delivered by the logistics base 1 of the present invention, but is merely a treatment for producing another biomass fuel. That is, the logistics base 1 of the present invention may not have a facility for performing the heat treatment.

Step S40

In step S30, as described above, the odor is reduced in the case where the fiber portion is removed from the pre-processed fuel. As a result, there are fuels (i.e., product fuels) having a smell (i.e., an off-flavor) to the extent that they can be directly delivered to customers as PKS fuels after execution of step S30, and there are also fuels (i.e., acceptance material fuels) that cannot be directly delivered because they do not satisfy the off-flavor.

In step S40, it is determined whether the odor of the PKS fuel falls within the detectable odor. Step S40 corresponds to step (c) described above. Further, it can be set that: in step S40, the PKS fuel determined to have a smell higher than the smell of the material that can be delivered is transported to the acceptance material placement site 6 as the acceptance material fuel.

As described above, the PKS fuel obtained by removing the fiber portion may be supplied from the supplier (the palm coconut shell supplier 40, the first logistics base 41) to the logistics base 1. At this time, the process of removing the fiber part in the step S30 is not required for the PKS fuel received in the step S20. However, since it is not clear whether or not the PKS fuel shows an odor within the detectable odor, the present step S40 is executed.

Further, as described above, PKS fuel (i.e., product fuel) from which the fiber portion has been removed and which is in a state in which the odor is clearly shown to be within the detectable odor is sometimes supplied from the supplier (the palm coconut shell supplier 40, the first logistics base 41) to the logistics base 1. In particular, the product fuel is stored in the first logistics base 41, and the case such as the blending of the product fuel with respect to the logistics base 1 is dealt with. In this case, step S60 is performed for the PKS fuel (product fuel) received in step S20 without going through steps S30, S40, and S50. The steps S50 and S60 will be described later.

Fig. 3 is a flowchart showing an example of the flow of the processing included in step S40. In the example shown in fig. 3, step S40 includes the processes of step S41, step S42, step S43, and step S44. As described later, step S44 may be omitted.

First, the odor of the PKS fuel in a state where the fiber part has been removed is measured by the odor measuring device 5 (step S41). In this case, the following may be set: after a portion of the PKS fuel is extracted, an odor measurement is performed on the extracted PKS fuel. The step S41 corresponds to the step (c1) and the step (c 2).

Further, as described above, at the time of reception in step S20, removal of the fiber part of the PKS is sometimes performed. In this case, step S41 is performed after step S20.

As shown in fig. 3, the odor is measured in step S41 for comparison with the detectable odor in the next step S42. Here, the term "detectable smell" in the present specification means that the smell of the product fuel at the time of arrival at the fuel consumer 50 is not less than "slight discomfort" corresponding to a grade of-1 in the ninth-grade comfort/discomfort level notation in the olfaction measurement.

As methods for evaluating the concentration and intensity of odor, instrumental analysis methods such as gas chromatography and olfactometry methods of three-point comparison odor bag method are known (standard methods), but these known methods are complicated in measurement operation and cannot confirm the evaluation result in real time, and therefore, are difficult to be used as a management method in the logistics base 1.

From the above viewpoint, the odor measuring device 5 is preferably an odor sensor using a metal oxide semiconductor gas sensor. In addition, as an odor sensor used for such a metal oxide semiconductor gas sensor, the odor measuring device 5 is preferable because it has not only features of simplicity of measurement operation, short time to obtain a result, and the like, but also continuous measurement.

As one of specific aspects (modes) of the odor measurement method of the PKS fuel using the odor measurement device 5, the following method can be utilized: the odor is measured while the PKS fuel is transported in the logistics base 1 by a transport facility having a specification that blocks outdoor air without diffusing the odor, such as a conveyor with a hood (a belt conveyor, a chain conveyor, etc.). As a more specific example, the detection portion of the odor measuring device 5 is provided at a position on the upstream side from the center of the conveyor within the conveyor cover.

For example, it is determined whether or not the odor of the PKS fuel satisfies the detectable odor using, as an index, the indicated value of the odor measuring device 5 used when the nine-level comfort and discomfort level indication is at the level of-1 (step S42, step S43).

For example, when 5KALMOR- Σ (manufactured by Karumoa Inc. (カルモア) is used as the odor measuring device, in the case where the atmospheric measurement value (blank) for a place where PKS fuel does not exist is 200, the odor sensor indicated value is 600 when a fine coal of one (10%) is mixed in the PKS fuel to reduce the uncomfortable odor to an acceptable level, whereby the threshold value 600 can be adopted in the index of the above-described odor measuring device 5.

When the odor of the PKS fuel measured by the odor measuring device 5 is within the detectable odor (yes in step S43), step S60 described later is executed. On the other hand, when the odor of the PKS fuel measured by the odor measuring device 5 is higher than the detectable odor (no in step S43), the PKS fuel is judged as the approved material fuel and is transported and stored to the approved material placement site 6 (step S44). The acceptance material fuel stored in the acceptance material placement site 6 is subjected to deodorization processing in step S50 described later so that the odor satisfies the odor requirement for delivery. Step S43 corresponds to step (c3), and step S44 corresponds to step (c 4).

As described above, the logistics base 1 has the acceptance material placing site 6 and the article placing site 8. The certified material placing place 6 is a place where PKS fuel (certified material fuel) showing a higher odor than an exploitable odor is stored; the product placement site 8 is a place where PKS fuel (product fuel) showing an odor within the detectable odor is stored.

Further, it can be set that: the deodorization process of step S50 described later is directly performed on the PKS fuel determined as the certified material fuel in step S43 without being temporarily stored in the certified material placement site 6 (i.e., step S44 is not performed). The case where the processing is executed in the above-described flow is shown by a broken line with an arrow in fig. 3.

Step S50

Next, a deodorization process is performed on the acceptance material fuel, which is the PKS fuel showing a higher odor than the cargo-smelling odor, so as to improve it to a PKS fuel (product fuel) showing an odor within the cargo-smelling odor. Step S50 corresponds to step (d). As shown in fig. 1, the logistics base 1 has a deodorization processing device 7 for performing this step S50.

Further, referring to fig. 3, as described above, this step S50 may be set to be executed for the acceptance material fuel stored in the acceptance material placing site 6; alternatively, the following may be set: the process is executed directly after the acceptance of the material fuel is judged by step S43, and is not stored in the acceptance material placement site 6. Further, although not shown in fig. 2 to avoid complication, the setting in step S20 may be: in the case where the fuel in the state of being received in the logistics base 1 has originally removed the fiber part but still shows an odor higher than an offensive odor of a shipment, that is, when it is clear that the material fuel is accepted, this step S50 is performed after step S20 without going through steps S30 and S40.

The deodorization treatment comprises the following steps: mixing with wood chips or wood particles of species other than palm coconut, dispersion of deodorizer, and ventilation of ambient air. Note that, in step S50, all of these processes may be executed, or only a part of them may be executed.

Fig. 4 is a block diagram schematically showing an example of the configuration of the deodorization processing device 7. In the example shown in fig. 4, it is configured for the deodorization processing device 7 to have: a mixing device 71 for mixing wood chips or wood particles of species other than palm coconut with the acceptance material fuel, a dispersing device 72 for dispersing a deodorant in the acceptance material fuel, and a ventilating device 73 for ventilating the acceptance material fuel with air at normal temperature.

As described above, the mixing device 71 is a device for dry-mixing the approved material fuel and the wood chips or wood particles of the species other than palm coconuts, and the device form is not limited as long as the above-described mixing function can be achieved, and heavy machinery such as a wheel loader, a blade mixer, a rotary screen, and the like can be effectively used.

For wood chips or wood particles of species other than palm coconut as described above, chips (chips) or particles (granules) derived from materials such as cedar, cypress, larch, red pine, and cherry tree, which strongly emit desired flavors or adsorb odor components of unpleasant odors, etc., and which have a reducing effect on the unpleasant odors emitted from the fuel of an acceptance material, are preferable. The wood chips and the like are shipped as biomass fuel by being mixed with certified material fuel (PKS fuel), and therefore, it is preferable that the wood chips have a long side of 5cm or less and a water content of 20 mass% or less, which are equivalent in size to PKS.

The mixing ratio of the acceptance material fuel and wood chips of tree species other than palm coconut can be set so that the content of palm coconut shells in the biomass fuel after mixing becomes 50 mass% or more.

The deodorant scattering device 72 is a device for scattering a specified deodorant into the acceptable material fuel, and is not limited to the device type as long as the above-described scattering function or the drug spraying function can be performed, and a spray type, scattering type, additive type device, and the like can be effectively used.

Among the deodorizers used in the deodorizer dispersing device 72, there can be preferably used: ozone mist and other ozone oxidizing power-based sterilizing deodorants, plant essential oils, chlorine dioxide and other neutralizing deodorants, and the like. In particular, since the deodorization method using ozone can be continuously performed by providing an ozone generator, the operation cost for purchasing chemicals can be reduced.

The normal temperature air ventilation device 73 is a device for drying the acceptance material fuel to thereby achieve deodorization. In general, the biomass fuel containing PKS (particularly, pre-processing fuel) delivered from the palm coconut shell supply site 40 to the logistics base 1 contains moisture in an amount of about 25 mass%, but by controlling the moisture content to 8 mass% or less, the unpleasant odor emitted from PKS can be reduced to an acceptable level. As a simple method for controlling the moisture content of the PKS-containing biomass fuel (here, the acceptance material fuel) to 8 mass% or less, the acceptance material fuel is exposed to normal-temperature air in an environment that is not wetted by rain. More specifically, the test material fuel may be simply left standing in a place where natural drying such as sun drying or indoor drying is possible, or more effectively, forced ventilation with normal temperature air may be performed in the test material fuel by using a ventilation duct having an air blowing port provided under the ground of the place where the test material fuel is placed, or by directly inserting a ventilation duct having an air blowing port into the test material fuel, or by blowing normal temperature air into the test material fuel by using an air blower.

In the example shown in fig. 4, the deodorization processing device 7 is configured as all devices including the mixing device 71, the dispersing device 72 for the deodorant, and the normal temperature air ventilation device 73, and at least one of these devices (71, 72, 73) may be configured.

Step S60

The acceptance material fuel deodorized in step S50 is formed as a product fuel showing an odor within an odor that can be delivered, and is stored in the product storage place 8 together with the fuel judged in step S40 (more specifically, step S43) to show an odor within an odor that can be delivered. At this time, the product fuel is stored in the product storage place 8 that is classified into different products according to quality. Step S60 corresponds to step (e).

Further, as described above, PKS fuel (i.e., product fuel) from which the fiber portion has been removed and which is in a state in which the odor has been clearly shown to be within the detectable odor is sometimes supplied from the supplier (palm coconut shell supplier 40, first logistics base 41) to the logistics base 1. In this case, as shown in fig. 2, the present step S60 is performed after the product fuel is received in the logistics base 1 in step S20, omitting the steps S30, S40 and S50.

Fig. 5 is a flowchart showing an example of the flow of the processing included in step S60. In the example shown in fig. 5, step S60 is configured to include the processing of step S61, step S62, step S63, step S64, and step S65. Further, as will be described later, in the case where the product fuel is received from the supplier (the palm coconut shell supplier 40, the first logistics base 41) to the logistics base 1 in step S20, step S61, step S62 and step S63 may be omitted. The case where the processing is executed in the above-described flow is shown by a broken line with an arrow in fig. 5.

First, a part of the product fuel is extracted from the product fuel transported to the product placement site 8 (step S61). For example, as shown in fig. 1, the logistics base 1 may have a sampler 12 for product fuel for performing step S61. The sampler 12 for product fuel is a sample collecting device for analysis and test, and the sampling method and the like are not particularly limited as long as a highly representative sample can be collected. In general, as described in JIS K0060 "collection method of industrial waste" and JIS M8100 "general rule of powder mix-sampling method", it is preferable to use a sampler capable of collecting objects falling from a falling port of a conveyor or a feeder over a total flow width. This step S61 corresponds to step (e 1).

Next, the extracted product fuel is analyzed (step S62). For example, as shown in fig. 1, the logistics base 1 may have an analysis apparatus 11 for performing step S62.

The analyzer 11 is not particularly limited as long as it can cope with a desired test and analysis item, and a general-purpose test device or analysis device can be used. The analysis device 11 may be configured to be unmanned by a robot operation automation system or the like. As an example, the analyzing device 11 has a function of testing and analyzing the alkali metal content, chlorine content, moisture content, and calorific value of the product fuel described above.

In the measurement of the amount of chemical components (alkali metal, chlorine, etc.) contained in the product fuel, there is no particular limitation as long as an analysis method capable of obtaining a desired amount of chemical components is employed, but from the viewpoint of versatility and analysis accuracy, it is preferable to use an absorption spectrophotometry, an emission spectrophotometry, an atomic absorption spectrophotometry, or an ICP emission spectrophotometry relating to a solution in which a sample or an ashed sample is completely dissolved with an acid. In addition, the chlorine content can be measured using JIS Z7302-6 "waste solidified fuel — part 6: test methods in Total chlorine content test methods ". It is noted that ashing of the product fuel is preferably performed at a low temperature of 600 ℃ or lower from the viewpoint of preventing dissipation of volatile components such as alkali.

In addition, for the measurement of the amount of water (or the water content) contained in the product fuel, for example, JIS Z7302-3 "waste solidified fuel-part 3: the method described in "Water test method". Specifically, the mass before and after heating in the case of heating at a drying chamber temperature of 107 ± 2 ℃ for 1 hour may be used. Furthermore, the analysis can be performed by an instrument such as a thermobalance analysis (TG).

In the measurement of the calorific value of the product fuel, for example, JIS Z7302-2 "waste solidified fuel — part 2: the method described in the calorific value test method ".

The analyzing device 11 does not necessarily have all of the analyzing functions of the alkali metal amount, the chlorine amount, the moisture amount (water content), and the calorific value contained in the product fuel, and may have at least one of the analyzing functions.

The method for transporting the product fuel extracted by the product fuel sampler 12 to the installation site of the analyzer 11 is not particularly limited, and a pneumatic transfer tube system or the like capable of automatically transporting a sample is preferably used.

Next, based on the result of the analysis performed by the analysis device 11, the quality of the target product fuel is specified (step S63). This step S63 corresponds to step (e 3).

The quality of the product fuel may be specified by any quality item and any number of grades in each quality item. For example, the following method can be employed: when the three items of the calorific value, the moisture content and the alkali content are screened, the two items of the calorific value and the moisture content are considered to be divided into two levels with the sizes determined by specific threshold values; the fine alkali content classification of the quality demanded from the fuel consumer 50 is classified into three classes, i.e., large, medium, and small, and the whole is classified into 12 classes (2 × 2 × 3). The classified items may also include chlorine content.

Next, based on the quality of the product fuel specified in step S63, the product placement location 8 as the storage destination of the product fuel is selectively specified from among the product placement locations (8a, 8b, … …) (step S64). As described above, the quality of the product fuel to be stored differs in each product placement site 8. The information on the quality of the product fuel distributed to each product placement site 8 may be stored in advance on a storage section or a paper surface of an information processing device not shown in the drawings. The product placement site 8 as the storage destination of the product fuel is specified based on the stored information.

Then, the product fuel is transported to the designated product placement site 8 and stored (step S65). In transportation at the place where the product fuel is produced, heavy equipment such as a wheel loader and a bulldozer, or pneumatic pushing can be used, but from the viewpoints of efficiency, work safety, prevention of scattering of woody biomass fuel, and equipment cost, conveyors such as a belt conveyor, a screw conveyor, and a chain conveyor are preferably used. Note that PSK, wood chips, wood particles (wood grains), and the like are likely to cause a clogging state called Bridging (Bridging), and therefore, it is preferable to take measures such as a baffle to prevent clogging in a place having a narrow path or the like in advance.

The product storage place 8(8a, 8b, … …) is not particularly limited as long as it can store the fuel of the product without causing it to be wetted by rain or the like and can smoothly carry out the receiving and loading, and a roofed building or silo (ensiling tower) can be effectively used. From the viewpoint of preventing water from getting wet and spontaneous combustion during storage, a storage facility having a turning device for a pile of product fuel as described in patent No. 6381836 or the like is more preferable. Note that, in the case of using a roofed building as the product placement site 8, a plurality of product fuels can be stored in one building as long as management can be performed so that product fuels classified by quality do not mix with each other.

Further, it is also possible to set: depending on the supplier of the biomass fuel containing PKS (palm coconut shell supply site 40, first logistics base 41), there may be a case where the supplier has a function of analyzing the quality of the biomass fuel (in particular, product fuel in this case) supplied to the logistics base 1, and at this time, the supplier can notify the logistics base 1 of information relating to the quality of the PKS fuel (product fuel) supplied to the logistics base 1. In this case, it can be set as: based on the thus notified quality-related information of the PKS fuel, the product placement location 8 as the storage destination is specified, and the product fuel is stored in the specified product placement location 8 (step S64, step S65). In this case, it may be set that the analysis processing of the product fuel is not performed in the logistics base 1 (step S61, step S62, step S63). In fig. 5, the case where step S64 is executed after step S20 is ended is shown by a broken line, thereby indicating a flow corresponding to this processing. In particular, in this case, it is possible to set: as shown in fig. 2, step S60 is performed after the fuel is received in step S20, without performing step S30, step S40, and step S50.

Step S70

Then, the product fuel stored in the product placement site 8 is delivered to the delivery destination (fuel consumer 50, second logistics base 51). Step S70 corresponds to step (f).

Fig. 6 is a flowchart showing an example of the flow of the processing included in step S70. In the example shown in fig. 6, step S70 includes the processing of step S71, step S72, step S73, step S74, step S75, and step S76.

Each fuel consumer 50(50A, 50B, 50C, … …) or the like provides information relating to a specific quality of order (quality of demand). In the logistics base 1, the product placement site 8 storing the product fuel satisfying the required quality is first designated (step S71). This step S71 corresponds to step (f 1).

Next, a part of the product fuel is extracted from the large amount of product fuel stored in the designated product placing place 8 (step S72). This step S72 corresponds to step (f 3).

For example, as shown in fig. 1, the logistics base 1 may have a sampler 13 for shipment for performing step S72. The sampler 13 for the shipment product can be configured in the same manner as the sampler 12 for the product fuel described above. Note that the sampler 12 for product fuel may double as the sampler 13 for product.

Next, the extracted product fuel is analyzed (step S73). This step S73 corresponds to step (f 4). In the example shown in fig. 1, the case where the product fuel extracted in the sampler 13 for shipment is analyzed by the same analyzing device 11 as that in step S62 is shown. Here, the logistics base 1 may have a dedicated analysis device 11 for performing the processing in step S73, which is different from the analysis device 11 used in step S62.

Next, based on the result of the analysis performed by the analyzing device 11, the quality of the product fuel extracted by the sampler 13 for the shipment item is specified, and it is confirmed whether or not the specified quality satisfies the required quality (step S74). The step S74 corresponds to the step (f5) and the step (f 6). Note that, when the target product fuel does not satisfy the required quality, the process may return to step S71 to newly designate another product placement site 8 in which the target product fuel is stored.

In step S74, if it is confirmed that the target product fuel has reached the required quality, a large amount of the product fuel stored in the product storage location 8 is transported to the delivery facility 9 (step S75).

The shipping device 9 preferably has a marine shipping device 9a and a land shipping device 9 b. The shipping facility 9a for sea use is not particularly limited as long as it is a facility capable of shipping according to the packaging system, such as a ship loader for bulk cargo, a crane or a crane for containers or bulk bags, or the like. The land transportation shipping facility 9b is not particularly limited as long as it can be shipped according to a packaging method, such as a hopper for loading bulk trucks and a forklift for handling bulk bags.

The delivery device 9 of the logistics base 1 may have only one of the marine delivery device 9a and the land delivery device 9 b.

The product fuel is delivered from the marine delivery facility 9a to the fuel consumers 50(50A, 50B, 50C, … …) or the second logistics base 51(51A, 51B, 51C, … …) by a marine vehicle 93 such as a ship, and is delivered from the land delivery facility 9B to the fuel consumers 50(50A, 50B, 50C, … …) or the second logistics base 51(51A, 51B, 51C, … …) by a land vehicle 94 represented by a transport vehicle such as a truck (step S76). This step S76 corresponds to step (f 2).

Note that, as long as the product fuel is not wetted with water, the properties of the product fuel are considered to be substantially not deteriorated during storage. When the product placement location 8 as the storage destination is determined in step S60 as the product fuel stored in the product placement location 8, the quality thereof is analyzed and specified. Therefore, the product fuel stored in the product storage location 8 will, in most cases, continuously ensure quality corresponding to the product storage location 8 in which the product fuel is stored even at the time of shipment. From this viewpoint, steps S72 and S73 may be omitted, and in step S74, it is only checked whether or not the quality of the product fuel associated with the product placement site 8 as the storage destination satisfies the required quality.

In addition to the product fuel, PKS fuel (acceptance material fuel) showing a higher odor than the odor of delivery that can be issued, and biomass fuel (pre-process fuel) containing PKS before the fiber portion is removed can be delivered from the marine delivery apparatus 9a or the land delivery apparatus 9B to the second logistics base 51(51A, 51B, 51C, … …).

Note that the total of the amount of PKS fuel (approved material fuel) that can be stored in the approved material placement site 6 of the logistics base 1 and the amount of PKS fuel (product fuel) that can be stored in the product placement site 8(8a, 8b, 8c, … …) is preferably 5 kilotons or more, more preferably 1 ten thousand tons or more, and particularly preferably 2 ten thousand tons or more. By providing the logistics base 1 with such storage capacity, it is possible to stock, for example, fuel required for several days of a boiler for 75MW class biomass power generation.

Examples

Hereinafter, specific test examples are shown to describe the present invention in more detail, but the present invention is not limited to the embodiments of these test examples.

The following were prepared as samples: PKS (a1) (calorific value: 4800kcal/kg) of Tenera species produced in Malaysia, a shell portion (a2) (calorific value: 4800kcal/kg) obtained by separating a fibrous part in whisker form from the PKS using a sieve having a mesh opening of 1.7mm, a fibrous part in whisker form (a3) obtained by separation, a chip mixture A (a4) (calorific value: 4000kcal/kg) obtained by mixing equal amounts of Korean pine chips (moisture content: 30 mass%) in the shell portion (a2), and a chip mixture B (a5) (calorific value: 4750kcal/kg) obtained by mixing equal amounts of Korean pine chips (chips obtained by drying the Korean pine chips to a moisture content of 0.8 mass%) in the shell portion (a 2).

The PKS (a1) corresponds to the pre-process fuel received by the logistics base 1 in step S20. The shell portion (a2) corresponds to the PKS fuel (here, the approved material fuel) obtained in step S30 by separating the fiber portion from the pre-processed fuel. Note that the fiber fraction (a3) separated here is a fuel that is not used as a fuel for PKS, and may be a fuel that is used as another biomass fuel such as a binder for granular biomass fuel, as described above.

In addition, both the chip blend a (a4) and the chip blend B (a5) correspond to the PKS fuel (product fuel here) obtained by subjecting the approved material fuel to the deodorization processing by the deodorization processing apparatus 7 in step S50. Chip mixture B (a5) differs in the content of the deodorizing treatment as compared with chip mixture a (a 4).

The odor intensity classified by the water content was measured for the above samples a1 to a 5. In addition, the water content was measured by using JIS Z7302-3 "waste solid fuel — third part: the moisture test method "is a method in which the moisture content is determined by using the mass percentage of the mass difference between the sample before and after drying and the sample after heating and drying at 107. + -. 2 ℃ for 1 hour. The odor intensity was measured by the following procedure. The measurement results of the odor intensity classified by the water content of each sample are shown in table 1. Note that, in the indicated value of the odor sensor used for the measurement of the odor intensity, the odor intensity which is acceptable to be uncomfortable is 600 or less.

Measurement procedure for odor intensity

(i) 100g of the sample was sealed in a 1L plastic container.

(ii) The mixture was left standing in a constant temperature environment of 30 ℃ for 1 day.

(iii) The gas in the plastic container in which the sample was enclosed was collected in a 3L air bag using a flexible pump.

(iv) The odor intensity of the gas collected in the air bag was measured using an odor sensor ("ネオシグマ (Neo Sigma)") manufactured by Karumoa Inc (ltd. カルモア).

TABLE 1

The following five points were confirmed from table 1.

(i) The odor was strong even when the existing PKS (a1) was dried to a water content of 12% by mass.

(ii) PKS reduces odor in the case of removal of the fiber fraction.

(iii) If the water content of the shell portion of the PKS from which the fiber portion has been removed reaches 8 mass% or less, the odor is reduced to an acceptable level.

(iv) In the case of mixed wood chips, it is effective in reducing odor emanating from PKS.

(v) The higher the degree of drying of the wood chips used for mixing, the greater the reduction in odor emissions from the PKS.

Next, the odor intensity when moisture was added to the shell portion which was once dried to reduce the odor was examined. This is to confirm whether or not a countermeasure against wetting by water is required for storage of the PKS subjected to the deodorization processing.

The PKS shell (a2) was dried to a water content of 0 mass%, and then water was dispersed so that the water content reached a predetermined level, thereby preparing a sample. The odor intensity was measured in the same manner as in the above test. The results are shown in Table 2. In table 2, the indicated value of the odor sensor having a water content of 0 mass% is 400, which shows a state of almost no odor.

TABLE 2

The following two points are further confirmed from table 2.

(vi) The intensity of the odor of PKS becomes stronger as the moisture content increases.

(vii) In contrast to the results of table 1, the relation between the moisture content and the odor intensity of the PKS is reversible, and it is preferable that the storage facility of the PKS has a function of preventing moisture.

Description of reference numerals

1: logistics base of biomass fuel containing palm coconut shells

3: receiving apparatus

3 a: receiving equipment for sea transport

3 b: land transportation receiving equipment

4: separation apparatus

5: odor measuring equipment

6: place for placing acceptance materials

7: deodorization treatment equipment

8(8a, 8b, 8c, 8d … …): product placement site

9: delivery device

9 a: shipping equipment for marine use

9 b: land transportation delivery equipment

11: analytical device

12: sampler for product fuel

13: sample thief for goods

40(40A, 40B, 40C, … …): supply place for coconut shell of palm tree

41(41A, 41B, 41C, … …): other logistics base (first logistics base)

50(50A, 50B, 50C, …): fuel demander

51(51A, 51B, 51C, … …): other logistics base (the second logistics base)

71: mixing apparatus

72: deodorant dispensing apparatus

73: normal temperature atmosphere ventilation equipment

91: marine vehicle

92: land transport tool

93: marine vehicle

94: land transport tool

Claims

1. A logistics method of biomass fuel containing palm coconut shells is characterized by comprising the following steps:

a step (a) of receiving a pre-processed fuel as a biomass fuel containing palm coconut shells from a supplier, the pre-processed fuel being used as a raw material of a shippable product fuel, wherein the product fuel is the biomass fuel containing palm coconut shells;

a step (f) of delivering the product fuel stored in the product placement location to a delivery destination.

2. The method for logistics of biomass fuel containing palm coconut shells according to claim 1, wherein the process (f) comprises:

3. The method for logistics of biomass fuel containing palm coconut shells according to claim 1, wherein the process (f) comprises:

a step (f3) of extracting at least a part of the product fuel;

4. The method of claim 3, wherein step (f) comprises:

a step (f2) of delivering the product fuel stored in the product placement location specified in the step (f1) to the delivery destination;

the step (f3) includes: extracting at least a part of the product fuel stored in the product placement site specified in the process (f 1).

5. The logistics method of biomass fuel containing palm coconut shells according to any one of claims 1 to 4,

the predetermined deodorization treatment in the step (d) is one or more selected from a group consisting of a mixing treatment with wood chips or wood particles of a tree species other than palm coconut, a deodorant scattering treatment, and a normal temperature air ventilation treatment, which are performed on the acceptable material fuel.

6. The method for logistics of biomass fuel containing palm coconut shells according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the process (c) comprises:

7. The method for logistics of biomass fuel containing palm coconut shells according to claim 6, wherein the process step (c) comprises:

a step (c4) of, when the odor exhibited by the biomass fuel in the step (c3) exceeds the shippable odor, determining that the biomass fuel is the acceptable material fuel and storing the acceptable material fuel in an acceptable material storage location other than the product storage location.

8. The method for logistics of biomass fuel containing palm coconut shells according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the process (e) comprises:

a step (e1) of extracting at least a part of the product fuel;

9. The logistics method of biomass fuel containing palm coconut shells according to any one of claims 1 to 4,

said step (a) comprises a step of receiving said pre-processed fuel transported from said supplier by land or sea; and is

The step (f) includes a step of transporting the product fuel to the delivery destination by land transportation or sea transportation.

10. The logistics method of biomass fuel containing palm coconut shells according to any one of claims 1 to 4,

the step (a) includes: a process of receiving the pre-processed fuel from a palm coconut shell supplier or a first logistics base as the supplier to a logistics base; and is

The step (f) includes: and a step of delivering the product fuel from the logistics base to a biomass fuel demand site or a second logistics base which is the delivery target.

11. A logistics facility for biomass fuel containing palm coconut shells is characterized by comprising:

12. The logistics facilities of biomass fuel containing palm coconut shells according to claim 11,

in addition to the article placement site, there is additionally an acceptance material placement site storing the acceptance material fuel.

13. The logistics facilities of biomass fuel containing palm coconut shells according to claim 12,

the total of the amount of the product fuel that can be stored in the product placement site and the amount of the acceptable material fuel that can be stored in the acceptable material placement site is 5 kilotons or more.

14. The logistics facilities of biomass fuel containing palm coconut shells according to any one of claims 11 to 13,

the deodorization processing device is provided with: the acceptance material fuel is mixed with any one or more of a mixing device for mixing wood chips or wood particles from a species of trees other than palm coconuts, a dispersing device for dispersing a deodorant for the acceptance material fuel, and a ventilating device for ventilating the acceptance material fuel with air at normal temperature.

15. The logistics facility of biomass fuel containing palm coconut shells according to any one of claims 11 to 13, comprising:

and an analysis device for analyzing the calorific value and/or the predetermined chemical composition of the product fuel.

16. The logistics facilities of biomass fuel containing palm coconut shells according to any one of claims 11 to 13,

has a cargo handling equipment for estuary arranged at the coast, and

the bay cargo handling device constitutes the shipping device and the receiving device.

17. The logistics facilities of biomass fuel containing palm coconut shells according to any one of claims 11 to 13,

the receiving apparatus has: a function of receiving the pre-process fuel, the acceptance material fuel or the product fuel transported by a ship or a transport vehicle from a palm coconut shell supply place or other first logistics base as the supply party; and is

The delivery device has: a function of delivering the pre-processed fuel, the acceptance material fuel, or the product fuel to a biomass fuel demand site or other second logistics site as the delivery subject by a ship or a transport vehicle.