WO2020160629A1

WO2020160629A1 - Fluid pressure transmission

Info

Publication number: WO2020160629A1
Application number: PCT/BG2019/000003
Authority: WO
Inventors: Драгомир КОНСТАНТИНОВ
Original assignee: Драгомир КОНСТАНТИНОВ
Priority date: 2019-02-04
Filing date: 2019-02-04
Publication date: 2020-08-13

Abstract

A fluid pressure transmission is a source of a directed propulsive force that can be controlled in terms of its direction and intensity in a pressurized fluid medium, and can be used in transportation, travel and energy generation. It consists of one or more drive modules; on the front side and/or on several other sides are hypobaric chambers equipped with devices for controlling the internal pressure thereof; each hypobaric chamber has a loosely pendent membrane wall and a piston facing same; each piston is attached to one end of a cable or similar (belt, chain or band); the cable passes via a stationary support to arrive at the rear part of an engine module, where it is rigidly fastened to a built-in clamp. The invention functions under the effect of a fluid with a fixed isotropic pressure of the sort widely found in nature (atmospheric and hydrostatic pressure, a space vacuum) or is provided with simple technical means for prolonged periods of service (pressure vessels, magnetic fields, etc.).

Description

Fluid pressure transmission

Possesses those {hniki

Fluid pressure transmission is a device that can serve as a source of directional driving force, controlled in direction and intensity, for transportation purposes and for generating energy in any fluid under pressure.

State of technology

The existence of such devices is currently unknown.

The essence of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a device serving as a source of directed driving force, controlled in direction and intensity, for transport purposes and for generating energy in any fluid medium under pressure.

The task is achieved using a device consisting of the following elements:

- one or more drive modules with front, back, top, bottom, and side;

- on the front side and / or on one of the upper, lower and lateral sides there are sealed hypobaric chambers, which are connected by means of air ducts with a device for controlling their internal pressure, internal or external;

- each hypobaric chamber has a free hanging membrane wall;

- in each hypobaric chamber there is a piston located in front of its membrane wall;

- a piston consists of a piston head and one or more piston rods;

- every ; the piston rod can move linearly through the piston bore and an attachment to one end with one or more flexible attachment means such as a rope, belt, chain or tape;

- a fixed support is located between the piston head and the position of attachment of the flexible attachment to the piston rod;

- the flexible fastening means passes through the fixed support and is fixed on the rear side to an embedded fastener such as a clip; - in another embodiment, one or more drive modules are located on a rotor rotating on a transverse axis;

- in another embodiment, one or more drive modules are installed on a rotating motorized stand, on the transverse control axis, and with an additional control axis parallel to the plane of rotation of the stand | ⁿ R ^ich each of the two control axes has a rotation angle of 360 °;

- in another embodiment, one or more pairs of drive modules are located on parallel transverse control axes attached to a common frame;

- in another embodiment, one or more drive modules are located in an aqueous environment;

- in another embodiment, one or more drive modules are located in a hyperbaric chamber subjected to external mechanical pressure;

- in another embodiment, one or more drive modules are located in a hyperbaric chamber filled with ferrofluid, which is exposed to a magnetic field with permanent magnets or electromagnets.

Description: figures

Fig L is a longitudinal section of a drive module with one sealed hypobaric chamber with a compressor for controlling its internal pressure, a membrane wall, a piston in a piston channel, and with two steel ropes with fixed supports rigidly fastened to built-in clamps.

Fig. 2 is a top view of a device with three drive modules built into a horizontal rotor with a vertical axis in a hydraulic chamber with a piston.

Fig. 3 is a top view of a device with two drive modules mounted on rotating motorized racks with additional horizontal control axes located in a hyperbaric chamber. 4 is a top view of a device with three drive modules embedded in a horizontal rotor with a vertical axis in a ferrofluid hyperbaric chamber exposed to magnetic fields.

Implementation examples

One example of a device of the present invention is shown in FIG. 1. The device consists of! the following elements:

- drive module (1) with front side (2), back side (3), top side (4), bottom side (5) and sides (6);

- on the upper side (4) there is a sealed hypobaric chamber (7) connected by means of an air duct (8) to the compressor (9) for a controlled decrease and increase of its internal pressure;

- the hypobaric chamber (7) has an external free-hanging membrane wall

(ten);

- in the hypobaric chamber (7) in front of its membrane wall (10) there is a piston (11), which contains the piston head (12) and the piston rod (13);

- the piston rod (13) can move linearly through the piston channel (14);

- in its lower part, the piston rod (13) is attached to one end of two steel ropes (15);

- the ropes (15) are bent on fixed supports (16), which are closer to the piston head (12), i.e. up from their attachment point to the piston rod (13) and then down to the underside (5) where they are rigidly attached to the integral clamps (17).

During device operation, initially the pressure in the hypobaric chamber (7) is equal to the external atmospheric pressure, and the drive module (1) is at rest. Then the compressor (9) turns on and begins to reduce the internal pressure in the hypobaric chamber (7). In this case, the membrane wall (10) begins to press on a pressure proportional to the difference between the two pressures, and begins to compress inward until it sticks to the piston head (12). The piston head (12) and piston rod (13) transmit pressure through the piston bore (14) to one end of the ropes (15). Then the ropes (15) are pulled with a force equal to their transmitted pressure, and, in turn, exert this force on the supports (16) - in the downward direction, and on the clamps (17) - in the upward direction. As a result, the sum of the forces on the drive module (1) changes in the following two points:

A. A portion of the Atmospheric Pressure, directed downward (F down), is transferred from the upper side (4) to the support (16), but continues to equalize with the rising atmospheric pressure (F up) on the lower side (5);

B. At the same time, a new and non-equilibrium upward force (F up +) begins to be applied to the clamps (17).

Thus, the drive module (1) begins to experience a directional lifting force equal to the product of the piston head surface (12) and a positive difference between the external atmospheric pressure and the internal pressure of the hypobaric chamber (7), until the compressor (9) relieves this difference or does not turn its mark (if the internal pressure exceeds the atmospheric pressure) .: The direction of the directional force can be changed by changing the position of the drive module (1) by external mechanical action.

In another example (Fig. 2), the device contains the following elements:

- three drive modules (1), each of which has a front side (2), a back side (B), an upper side (4), a lower side (5) and sides (6), arranged in circular symmetry in a horizontal rotor ( 18) on a vertical axis (19) inside the hyperbaric chamber (20), which is acted upon by the pressure of the hydraulic piston (21);

- in each drive module (1) there is one sealed hypobaric chamber (7) equipped with an air duct (8) that leaves the rotor (18) through its axis (19) to the common compressor (9) for a controlled and synchronous decrease and increase of the internal pressure of all hypobaric chambers (7);

- each hypobaric chamber (7) has four external freely hanging membrane walls (10) oriented towards each of the upper sides (4), lower sides (5) and lateral sides (6);

- each hypobaric chamber (7) has four pistons (11) located in front of each of its membrane walls (10), each of which consists of a piston head (12) and a piston rod (13);

- each piston rod (13) moves linearly through the piston bore (14); - each piston rod (13) is attached to one end of the wire rope (15);

- each rope (15) is bent through the fixed support (16) closest to the corresponding piston head (12) from the point of its attachment to the piston rod (13), and then reaches the corresponding rear side (3), where it is rigidly attached to the built-in fastener such as clamp (17).

At the beginning of its operation, the hydraulic piston (21) begins to increase the pressure on the water in the hyperbaric chamber (20), and the compressor (9) begins to reduce the air pressure in all hypobaric chambers (7). As a result, each diaphragm wall (10) is compressed inwardly until it engages with the corresponding piston head (12). In turn, each piston head (12) transmits a differential pressure across the corresponding piston rod (13) to the corresponding rope (15). Each rope (15) is tensioned, thus transferring this pressure to its respective support (16) in outward, inward or vertical directions. In this case, each rope (15) bends around its support (16) at an angle of 90 °, so the pressure on it is; at an angle of 45 ° to the centerline of the corresponding drive module (1). Also, each rope (15) transfers the same pressure to the corresponding clamps (17) on each of the rear sides (3) in the general direction, horizontal and transverse to the radius of the rotor (18), directed to the corresponding front side (2) of each hypobaric chamber (7) ...

Thus, in each drive module (1), two pairs of opposite piston-rope systems are located perpendicular to each other in the left-right and up-down directions. In this configuration, the applied direct force F front from the ropes (15) to the clamps (17) is 2 E, where E is the pressure on one individual piston (11) (that is, the full tension on each rope (15) is transferred to the corresponding clamp (17 )):

C: F front = 2E

At the same time, the return force from the ropes (15) on the supports (16) is at an angle of 45 °, and its net return component is:

D: F back 2E x cos (45 °) = l / 2E From S. and V. it follows that the net difference between the right and reverse force in a pair of opposite piston-rope systems with an angle of 90 ° is positive, and amounts to approximately 0.6 E. With the acceleration determined by this force, multiplied by the number of all such pairs (in this case - 6 pairs), the rotor (18) starts to rotate, and this rotation can be used to generate electrical energy. The applied acceleration will also increase due to the radial distance of the drive modules (1) from the axis (19) and its leverage effect. This accelerating rotation continues until the pressures in the hyperbaric chamber (20) and the hypobaric chambers (7) are equalized.

In another example (Fig. 3), the device contains the following elements:

- two drive modules (1), each of which has a front side (2), a back side (3), an upper side (4), a lower side (5) and sides (6);

- each: of the drive modules (1) is mounted on a motorized rotating support; (24) with a vertically located control axis (22) and an additional horizontal control axis (23), each of which has 360 ° rotational freedom;

- two supports (24) are located in a hyperbaric chamber (20), which has a piston (21) to regulate its internal pressure, inside the device in an airless space;

- on each of the front sides (2) there is a sealed hypobaric chamber (7) connected to the air duct (8) passing through the horizontal additional control axis (23) to a common valve (9) leading to the surrounding airless space;

- each hypobaric chamber (7) has a free hanging membrane wall (10);

- in each hypobaric chamber (7) on its membrane wall (10) there is a piston (P), which contains the piston head (12) and the piston rod (13);

- each piston rod (13) moves linearly through the piston bore (14);

- each piston rod (13) is attached to one end of the wire rope (15);

- each rope (15) is bent through the fixed support (16) and subsequently pulled back to the corresponding rear side (3), where it is rigidly attached to the built-in fastener (17). At the beginning of its operation, the piston (21) begins to increase the pressure on the fluid in the hyperbaric chamber (20), and the valve (9) begins to controllably release air from two hypobaric chambers (7) in the surrounding airless space. Then each of the! of two membrane walls (10) coalesces to the maximum extent under the influence of the I pressure difference of the hyperbaric chamber (20) and vacuum in two hypobaric chambers (7), and the same difference is transmitted through the piston heads (12) and piston rods (13) to one end of the rope (15). Each rope (15) is tensioned, thus transferring the same pressure to the corresponding support (16) and to the corresponding fasteners (17) on each of the two back sides (3). As a result, each drive module (1) receives a single-axis acceleration directed towards its front side (2) and transfers it to its support (24) and, therefore, to the spacecraft hull. The direction of this acceleration depends on the position of each of the drive modules (1), exactly oriented on two control axes (22) and (23) to each of their supports (24). This allows the two drive modules (1) to be with front edges (2) parallel and in either direction, the result! what their acceleration is summed up; or opposite each other - whereby their acceleration is mutually neutralized; or at other angles in arbitrary planes _, and in the range 0-360 °, whereby their accelerations are summed vectorially. This pairwise linear acceleration continues to be transmitted to the spacecraft until the pressure in the hyperbaric chamber (20) equals with the pressure! ⁱⁿ hypobaric chambers (7).

In another Example (Figure 4), the device contains the following elements:

;

- three drive modules (1), each of which has a front side (2), a back side (3), an upper side (4), a lower side (5) and sides (6) arranged in circular symmetry on the rotor (18) on the axis (19), inside the hydraulic chamber (20), filled with ferrofluid and exposed to a magnetic field with permanent magnets (21);

- each drive module (1) contains one sealed hypobaric chamber

(7);

- each: the hypobaric chamber (7) has four external free-hanging membrane walls (10) oriented towards each of their upper sides (4), lower sides (5) and lateral sides (6); - in each L hypobaric chamber (7) there are four pistons (11) located

;

in front of each of its membrane walls (10), each of which consists of a valve head (12) and a piston rod (13);

- each piston rod (13) moves linearly through the piston bore (14);

- each piston rod (13) is attached to one end of a wire rope (15);

- each rope (15) is bent through the fixed support (16) closest to the corresponding piston head (12) from the point of its attachment to the piston rod (13), and then reaches the corresponding rear side (3) where it is rigidly attached to the built-in fastener such as clamp (17).

At the beginning of their operation, permanent magnets (21) approach the hydraulic chamber (20), thereby exposing the ferrofluid in it to a stronger effect of their magnetic fields, which is an increase in its surface pressure. As a result, each diaphragm wall (10) is compressed inwardly until it engages with the corresponding piston head (12). In turn, each piston head (12) transmits a differential pressure across the corresponding piston rod (13) to the corresponding rope (15). Each rope (15) is tensioned, thus transferring this pressure to its respective support (16) in outward, inward or vertical directions. In this case, each rope (15) bends around its support

(16) at a 90 ° angle, so the pressure on it is at a 45 ° angle with respect to the centerline of the corresponding drive module (1). Also each rope (15)

! ⁴

transfers the same pressure to the corresponding clamps (17) on each of the rear sides (3) in the general direction, horizontal and transverse to the radius of the rotor (18), directed to the corresponding front side (2) of each hypobaric chamber (7).

As a result, the rotor (18) will rotate with an acceleration equal to the vector sum of these two forces (as explained above in relation to the similar configuration in FIG. 2), which rotation can be used to generate electrical energy. The applied acceleration will also increase due to the radial distance of the engine modules (1) from the axis (19) and its leverage effect. This accelerating rotation continues until the pressures in the hydraulic chamber (20) and hypobaric chambers (7) are equalized by adjusting the strength of the magnetic fields of the magnets (21). Application of the invention

The invention is applicable as a source of directional driving force, controlled in direction and intensity, in any fluid medium under pressure. It is applicable to transportation, power generation and other mass-production machines (lifts, water and sewage, robotics and automation, etc.). The invention provides an efficient, affordable and inexpensive alternative to all types of existing energy combustion systems or renewable energy sources and vehicles. The only condition for its operation is the presence of a fluid medium with a fixed isotropic (two-sided) pressure, which is directly and unlimitedly available in nature (atmospheric pressure, hydrostatic pressure, space vacuum) or can be provided by simple technical means and minimal energy consumption for long periods of operation ( mechanical force, levers, weights, springs, magnetic fields, pressure vessels, etc.). Due to its simple design and widely available components for its mass production, the invention has an advantage over all kinds of existing power generators and drive systems.

Designation list

1 Primary module

2 Front side

3 Back side

4 Mountain side

5 Bottom side

6 SIDE SIDES

7 Pressurized hypobaric chamber

8 Air duct

9 A device for monitoring the internal pressure of a sealed hypobaric chamber (compressor, valve or vacuum pump)

10 Membrane walls

11 Piston Piston head

Piston rod

Piston channel

Flexible means of attachment (rope, strap, chain or tape)

Fixed support

I _h

Built-in fasteners (clamp)

Rotor

Fixed axis

Hyperbaric chamber

Fluid pressure control device

Axis | control

Additional OS control

Rotating stand

Claims

1 · The device, which is the transmission of fluid pressure and is designed to generate a driving force controlled in its direction and intensity; forces in any fluid medium under pressure,

differs in that it contains:

- one or more drive modules 1 with front side 2, back side 3, top side 4, bottom side 5 and sides 6;

- on the front side 2 and / or on some of the top 4, bottom 5 and side walls 6 there are sealed hypobaric chambers 7, which are connected by means of air ducts 8! with a device for controlling their internal pressure 9, internal or external; i

- each g obaric chamber 7 has a free hanging membrane wall 10;

- in each hypobaric chamber 7 there is a piston 11 located in front of its membrane wall 10;

- the piston 11 contains a piston head 12 and one or more piston rods 13;

each piston rod 13 is movable linearly through the piston bore 14 and is attached to one end by one or more flexible attachment means 15 such as a rope, belt, chain or strip;

- the fixed support 16 is located between the piston head 12 and the position of attachment of the flexible attachment means 15 to the piston rod 13;

- the flexible attachment means 15 extends through the fixed support 16 and is rigidly fixed on the rear side 3 to the built-in fastener, such as the clip 17.

2. Device according to claim 1,

differs in that it contains:

one or more drive modules 1 are mounted on a rotor 18 rotating on a transverse stationary axis 19.

3. Device according to claim 1,

differs in that:

one or more drive modules 1 are mounted on a rotating motorized support 24 on the control axis 22, and from an additional axis controls 23, parallel to the plane of rotation of the stand 24, each of the two axes 22 and 23 has a freedom of rotation through 360 °.

4. The device according to any of the previous claims,

differs in that:

one or: several pairs of drive modules 1 are located on parallel transverse control axes 22 attached to a common frame.

5. The device according to any of the previous claims,

differs in that:

one or more drive modules 1 are located in an aqueous environment.

6. Device according to any one of claims 1-4,

distinguish "in that:

one or more drive modules 1 are located in a hyperbaric chamber 20 subjected to external mechanical pressure.

7. Device according to any one of claims 1-4,

differs in that:

one or more drive modules 1 are located in a hyperbaric chamber 20 filled with ferrofluid, which is exposed to a magnetic field by permanent magnets or electromagnets 21.