WO2020159163A1 - Procédé et appareil d'identification de paquet dans un système de communication sans fil - Google Patents

Procédé et appareil d'identification de paquet dans un système de communication sans fil Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020159163A1
WO2020159163A1 PCT/KR2020/001182 KR2020001182W WO2020159163A1 WO 2020159163 A1 WO2020159163 A1 WO 2020159163A1 KR 2020001182 W KR2020001182 W KR 2020001182W WO 2020159163 A1 WO2020159163 A1 WO 2020159163A1
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ppdu
type
sta
field
sig
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PCT/KR2020/001182
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English (en)
Korean (ko)
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임동국
최진수
박은성
장인선
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엘지전자 주식회사
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/30—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes
    • H04W4/40—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes for vehicles, e.g. vehicle-to-pedestrians [V2P]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W84/00—Network topologies
    • H04W84/02—Hierarchically pre-organised networks, e.g. paging networks, cellular networks, WLAN [Wireless Local Area Network] or WLL [Wireless Local Loop]
    • H04W84/10—Small scale networks; Flat hierarchical networks
    • H04W84/12—WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks]

Definitions

  • the present specification relates to a technique for transmitting and receiving data in wireless communication, and more particularly, to a method and apparatus for receiving and identifying a packet based on the type of STA in a wireless LAN system.
  • Wireless network technologies may include various types of wireless local area networks (WLANs).
  • WLAN can be used to interconnect neighboring devices together by employing widely used networking protocols.
  • the various technical features described herein can be applied to any communication standard, such as WiFi or, more generally, any of the IEEE 802.11 wireless protocol families.
  • the new communication standard may be a Next Generation Vehicular (NGV) standard that is currently being discussed.
  • NSV Next Generation Vehicular
  • PPDUs physical protocol data units
  • the transmitting and receiving STA station has used an auto-detection rule to identify the type/format of the transmitting and receiving PPDU.
  • NGV Next Generation Vehicular
  • DSRC 802.11p standard
  • NGV Next Generation Vehicular
  • DSRC 802.11p standard
  • wide bandwidth (20 MHz) transmission is considered, rather than conventional 10 MHz transmission, to improve 2x throughput.
  • the NGV standard must support operations such as interoperability/backward compatibility/coexistence with the existing 802.11p standard.
  • an 802.11p standard and interoperability operation are supported, and a method for efficiently transmitting an NGV signal can be proposed.
  • An example according to the present specification relates to a method and/or apparatus for identifying a packet in a wireless communication system.
  • the receiving STA may receive a first type of Physical Protocol Data Unit (PPDU) from the transmitting STA.
  • PPDU Physical Protocol Data Unit
  • the receiving STA is based on the type of the transmitting STA determined by whether at least one symbol of the PPDU of the first type includes at least one extra tone.
  • the PPDU of the type can be decoded.
  • This specification proposes a technical feature supporting a situation in which a 5.9 GHz band is used in various wireless LAN systems (eg, IEEE 802.11bd systems). Based on various examples of the present specification, throughput improvement and high speed of Dedicated Short Range Communication (DSRC) 802.11p may be supported for smooth V2X support in the 5.9 GHz band.
  • DSRC Dedicated Short Range Communication
  • the receiving STA in the WLAN system may configure a packet and identify it based on the type of the transmitting STA.
  • the receiving STA in the WLAN system may configure a packet and identify it based on the type of the transmitting STA.
  • FIG. 1 shows an example of a transmitting device and/or a receiving device of the present specification.
  • WLAN wireless LAN
  • 3 is a diagram for explaining a general link setup process.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of a PPDU used in the IEEE standard.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the arrangement of a resource unit (RU) used on a 20MHz band.
  • RU resource unit
  • FIG. 6 is a view showing the arrangement of a resource unit (RU) used on the 40MHz band.
  • RU resource unit
  • FIG. 7 is a view showing the arrangement of a resource unit (RU) used on the 80MHz band.
  • RU resource unit
  • FIG. 11 shows an example of a trigger frame.
  • FIG. 13 shows an example of a sub-field included in a per user information field.
  • 16 shows an example of a channel used/supported/defined within a 5 GHz band.
  • FIG. 17 shows an example of a channel used/supported/defined within a 6 GHz band.
  • 19 shows a modified example of the transmitting device and/or receiving device of the present specification.
  • 21 is a diagram for distinguishing BPSK and QBPSK.
  • FIG. 23 shows a frame format of a frame according to the 802.11p standard.
  • 24 shows a format of a frame according to the 802.11bd standard.
  • 25 shows another format of a frame according to the 802.11bd standard.
  • 26 shows another format of a frame according to the 802.11bd standard.
  • 29 shows another format of a frame according to the 802.11bd standard.
  • 30 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the transmitting STA.
  • 31 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the receiving STA.
  • a or B (A or B) may mean “only A”, “only B”, or “both A and B”.
  • a or B (A or B)” in this specification may be interpreted as “A and/or B (A and/or B)”.
  • “A, B or C (A, B or C)” means “only A”, “only B”, “only C”, or any combination of “A, B and C” ( any combination of A, B and C).
  • slash (/) or comma (comma) used in this specification may mean “and/or” (and/or).
  • A/B may mean “A and/or B”. Accordingly, “A/B” may mean “only A”, “only B”, or “both A and B”.
  • A, B, C may mean “A, B, or C”.
  • At least one of A and B may mean “only A”, “only B”, or “both A and B”. Also, in this specification, the expression “at least one A or B (at least one of A and B)” or “at least one A and/or B (at least one of A and/or B)” means “at least one. A and B (at least one of A and B).
  • “at least one of A, B and C” means “only A”, “only B”, “only C”, or “A, B and C”. Any combination of (A, B and C). Also, “at least one of A, B and/or C” or “at least one of A, B and/or C” It may mean “at least one of A, B and C”.
  • control information EHT-Signal
  • EHT-Signal EHT-Signal
  • control information EHT-Signal
  • EHT-signal EHT-signal
  • the following example of the present specification can be applied to various wireless communication systems.
  • the following example of the present specification may be applied to a wireless local area network (WLAN) system.
  • WLAN wireless local area network
  • this specification may be applied to the IEEE 802.11a/g/n/ac standard, or the IEEE 802.11ax standard.
  • this specification may be applied to the newly proposed EHT standard or IEEE 802.11be standard.
  • an example of the present specification may be applied to a new wireless LAN standard that improves the EHT standard or IEEE 802.11be.
  • an example of the present specification may be applied to a mobile communication system.
  • LTE Long Term Evolution
  • 3GPP 3rd Generation Partnership Project
  • 5G NR 5th Generation NR standard communication system based on the 3GPP standard.
  • FIG. 1 shows an example of a transmitting device and/or a receiving device of the present specification.
  • STA relates to at least one STA (station).
  • STA (110, 120) herein is a mobile terminal (mobile terminal), a wireless device (wireless device), a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU), user equipment (UE), It may also be called various names such as a mobile station (MS), a mobile subscriber unit, or simply a user.
  • STAs 110 and 120 of the present specification may be referred to as various names such as a network, a base station, a Node-B, an access point (AP), a repeater, a router, and a relay.
  • the STAs 110 and 120 of the present specification may be called various names such as a receiving device, a transmitting device, a receiving STA, a transmitting STA, a receiving device, and a transmitting device.
  • the STAs 110 and 120 may perform an access point (AP) role or a non-AP role. That is, the STAs 110 and 120 of the present specification may perform functions of an AP and/or a non-AP.
  • the AP may also be indicated as an AP STA.
  • the STAs 110 and 120 of the present specification may support various communication standards other than the IEEE 802.11 standard. For example, it may support a communication standard (eg, LTE, LTE-A, 5G NR standard) according to the 3GPP standard. Also, the STA of the present specification may be implemented with various devices such as a mobile phone, a vehicle, and a personal computer. In addition, the STA of the present specification may support communication for various communication services such as voice calls, video calls, data communication, and self-driving, autonomous-driving.
  • a communication standard eg, LTE, LTE-A, 5G NR standard
  • the STA of the present specification may be implemented with various devices such as a mobile phone, a vehicle, and a personal computer.
  • the STA of the present specification may support communication for various communication services such as voice calls, video calls, data communication, and self-driving, autonomous-driving.
  • the STAs 110 and 120 may include a medium access control (MAC) compliant with the IEEE 802.11 standard and a physical layer interface to a wireless medium.
  • MAC medium access control
  • the STAs 110 and 120 will be described below based on the drawing (a) of FIG. 1.
  • the first STA 110 may include a processor 111, a memory 112, and a transceiver 113.
  • the illustrated processor, memory, and transceiver may each be implemented as separate chips, or at least two or more blocks/functions may be implemented through one chip.
  • the transceiver 113 of the first STA performs a signal transmission/reception operation. Specifically, an IEEE 802.11 packet (eg, IEEE 802.11a/b/g/n/ac/ax/be, etc.) can be transmitted and received.
  • IEEE 802.11a/b/g/n/ac/ax/be, etc. can be transmitted and received.
  • the first STA 110 may perform an intended operation of the AP.
  • the processor 111 of the AP may receive a signal through the transceiver 113, process the received signal, generate a transmission signal, and perform control for signal transmission.
  • the memory 112 of the AP may store a signal (ie, a received signal) received through the transceiver 113 and may store a signal (ie, a transmitted signal) to be transmitted through the transceiver.
  • the second STA 120 may perform an intended operation of the Non-AP STA.
  • the non-AP transceiver 123 performs a signal transmission/reception operation.
  • an IEEE 802.11 packet eg, IEEE 802.11a/b/g/n/ac/ax/be, etc.
  • IEEE 802.11a/b/g/n/ac/ax/be, etc. can be transmitted and received.
  • the processor 121 of the Non-AP STA may receive a signal through the transceiver 123, process the received signal, generate a transmission signal, and perform control for signal transmission.
  • the memory 122 of the non-AP STA may store a signal (ie, a received signal) received through the transceiver 123 and may store a signal (ie, a transmitted signal) to be transmitted through the transceiver.
  • the operation of the device indicated as the AP may be performed in the first STA 110 or the second STA 120.
  • the operation of the device indicated by the AP is controlled by the processor 111 of the first STA 110 and by the processor 111 of the first STA 110.
  • Related signals may be transmitted or received via the controlled transceiver 113.
  • control information related to the operation of the AP or the transmission/reception signal of the AP may be stored in the memory 112 of the first STA 110.
  • the operation of the device indicated by the AP is controlled by the processor 121 of the second STA 120 and controlled by the processor 121 of the second STA 120.
  • Related signals may be transmitted or received through the transceiver 123.
  • control information related to the operation of the AP or the transmission/reception signal of the AP may be stored in the memory 122 of the second STA 110.
  • the operation of the device indicated as non-AP in the following specification may be performed by the first STA 110 or the second STA 120.
  • the operation of the device indicated as non-AP is controlled by the processor 121 of the second STA 120, and the processor of the second STA 120 ( 121), a related signal may be transmitted or received through the transceiver 123 controlled by the controller.
  • control information related to the operation of the non-AP or transmission/reception signals of the AP may be stored in the memory 122 of the second STA 120.
  • the operation of the device marked as non-AP is controlled by the processor 111 of the first STA 110, and the processor of the first STA 120 ( The related signal may be transmitted or received through the transceiver 113 controlled by 111).
  • control information related to the operation of the non-AP or the transmission/reception signal of the AP may be stored in the memory 112 of the first STA 110.
  • (transmission/reception) STA may mean the STAs 110 and 120 of FIG. 1.
  • STA transmission/reception
  • first STA, second STA, STA1, STA2, AP, first AP, second AP, AP1, AP2, (transmission/reception) Terminal, (transmission /Reception) device, (transmission/reception) apparatus, and a device displayed as a network may also mean STAs 110 and 120 of FIG. 1.
  • an operation in which various STAs transmit and receive signals may be performed in the transceivers 113 and 123 of FIG. 1.
  • an operation in which various STAs generate a transmission/reception signal or perform data processing or calculation in advance for a transmission/reception signal may be performed in the processors 111 and 121 of FIG. 1.
  • an example of an operation of generating a transmission/reception signal or performing data processing or operation in advance for a transmission/reception signal is: 1) Determining bit information of a subfield (SIG, STF, LTF, Data) field included in a PPDU /Acquisition/Configuration/Calculation/Decoding/Encoding operation, 2) Time resource or frequency resource (for example, subcarrier resource) used for subfields (SIG, STF, LTF, Data) fields included in the PPDU.
  • Determining/configuring/retrieving 3) a specific sequence used for a subfield (SIG, STF, LTF, Data) field included in the PPDU (eg, pilot sequence, STF/LTF sequence, applied to SIG Extra sequence), etc., determining/configuring/retrieving operations, 4) power control operations and/or power saving operations applied to STAs, 5) operations related to determination/acquisition/configuration/operation/decoding/encoding of ACK signals It can contain.
  • various STAs use various information used for determination/acquisition/configuration/operation/decoding/encoding of transmission/reception signals (for example, information related to fields/subfields/control fields/parameters/powers). It may be stored in the memory 112, 122 of FIG.
  • FIG. 1 (a) The apparatus/STA of the above-described FIG. 1 (a) may be modified as shown in FIG. 1 (b).
  • STAs 110 and 120 of the present specification will be described based on the auxiliary drawing (b) of FIG. 1.
  • the transceivers 113 and 123 illustrated in the sub-view (b) of FIG. 1 may perform the same function as the transceiver illustrated in the sub-view (a) of FIG. 1 described above.
  • the processing chips 114 and 124 illustrated in the sub-view (b) of FIG. 1 may include processors 111 and 121 and memories 112 and 122.
  • the processors 111 and 121 and memories 112 and 122 shown in the sub-view (b) of FIG. 1 are the processors 111 and 121 and memories 112 and 122 shown in the above-described sub-view (a) of FIG. 1. ).
  • the STA, the receiving device, the transmitting device, the receiving Apparatus, and/or the transmitting Apparatus means the STAs 110 and 120 shown in (a)/(b) of FIG. 1, or (b) of the FIG. ) May mean processing chips 114 and 124. That is, the technical features of the present specification may be performed on the STAs 110 and 120 shown in (a)/(b) of FIG.
  • the technical feature that the transmitting STA transmits the control signal is that the control signals generated by the processors 111 and 121 shown in the sub-views (a)/(b) of FIG. 1 are the sub-views of FIG. 1 (a )/(b) can be understood as a technical feature transmitted through the transceivers 113 and 123 shown.
  • a technical feature in which the transmitting STA transmits the control signal is a technical feature in which a control signal to be transmitted to the transceivers 113 and 123 from the processing chips 114 and 124 illustrated in the sub-figure (b) of FIG. 1 is generated. Can be understood.
  • a technical feature in which the receiving STA receives the control signal may be understood as a technical feature in which the control signal is received by the transceivers 113 and 123 illustrated in the sub-figure (a) of FIG. 1.
  • a technical feature in which the receiving STA receives the control signal is that the control signal received in the transceivers 113 and 123 shown in the sub-view (a) of FIG. 1 is a processor shown in the sub-view (a) of FIG. 1 ( 111, 121).
  • a technical feature in which the receiving STA receives the control signal is a processing chip shown in the control diagram shown in FIG. 1, the control signal received in the transceivers 113 and 123 shown in the secondary view (b) of FIG. 1. It can be understood as a technical feature obtained by (114, 124).
  • the software code 115 and 125 may be included in the memories 112 and 122.
  • the software codes 115 and 125 may include instructions that control the operation of the processors 111 and 121.
  • the software codes 115 and 125 may be included in various programming languages.
  • the processors 111 and 121 or the processing chips 114 and 124 illustrated in FIG. 1 may include application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), other chipsets, logic circuits, and/or data processing devices.
  • the processor may be an application processor (AP).
  • the processors 111 and 121 or the processing chips 114 and 124 illustrated in FIG. 1 include a digital signal processor (DSP), a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), and a modem (modulator). and demodulator).
  • DSP digital signal processor
  • CPU central processing unit
  • GPU graphics processing unit
  • modem modulator
  • demodulator demodulator
  • SNAPDRAGONTM series processors manufactured by Qualcomm®, EXYNOSTM series processors manufactured by Samsung®, and Apple® It may be an A series processor, a HELIOTM series processor manufactured by MediaTek®, an ATOMTM series processor manufactured by INTEL®, or an enhanced processor.
  • the uplink may refer to a link for communication from a non-AP STA to an AP STA, and an uplink PPDU/packet/signal may be transmitted through the uplink.
  • a downlink may mean a link for communication from an AP STA to a non-AP STA, and a downlink PPDU/packet/signal may be transmitted through the downlink.
  • WLAN wireless LAN
  • FIG. 2 shows the structure of an infrastructure basic service set (BSS) of the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE) 802.11.
  • BSS infrastructure basic service set
  • IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers
  • the wireless LAN system may include one or more infrastructure BSSs 200 and 205 (hereinafter, BSS).
  • BSS (200, 205) is a set of APs and STAs, such as an access point (AP) and STA1 (Station, 200-1) that can successfully communicate with each other through synchronization, and does not indicate a specific area.
  • the BSS 205 may include one or more combineable STAs 205-1 and 205-2 in one AP 230.
  • the BSS may include at least one STA, APs 225 and 230 providing a distributed service, and a distributed system (DS, 210) connecting multiple APs.
  • DS distributed system
  • the distributed system 210 may connect multiple BSSs 200 and 205 to implement an extended service set (ESS) 240.
  • ESS 240 may be used as a term indicating one network formed by connecting one or several APs through the distributed system 210.
  • APs included in one ESS 240 may have the same service set identification (SSID).
  • the portal 220 may serve as a bridge that performs a connection between a WLAN network (IEEE 802.11) and another network (eg, 802.X).
  • IEEE 802.11 IEEE 802.11
  • 802.X another network
  • a network between APs 225 and 230 and a network between APs 225 and 230 and STAs 200-1, 205-1 and 205-2 may be implemented.
  • a network that establishes a network between STAs without APs 225 and 230 to perform communication is defined as an ad-hoc network or an independent basic service set (BSS).
  • FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram showing the IBSS.
  • IBSS is a BSS operating in an ad-hoc mode. Since IBSS does not include an AP, there is no centralized management entity that performs management functions centrally. That is, STAs 250-1, 250-2, 250-3, 255-4, and 255-5 in IBSS are managed in a distributed manner. In IBSS, all STAs (250-1, 250-2, 250-3, 255-4, 255-5) may be made of mobile STAs, and access to a distributed system is not allowed, so a self-contained network (self-contained) network).
  • 3 is a diagram for explaining a general link setup process.
  • the STA may perform a network discovery operation.
  • the network discovery operation may include a scanning operation of the STA. That is, in order for the STA to access the network, it is necessary to find a network to participate.
  • the STA must identify a compatible network before participating in a wireless network, and the network identification process existing in a specific area is called scanning. There are two types of scanning methods: active scanning and passive scanning.
  • the STA performing scanning transmits a probe request frame and waits for a response to search for which AP exists in the vicinity while moving channels.
  • the responder transmits a probe response frame to the STA that has transmitted the probe request frame in response to the probe request frame.
  • the responder may be the STA that last transmitted the beacon frame (beacon frame) in the BSS of the channel being scanned.
  • the AP since the AP transmits the beacon frame, the AP becomes a responder, and in the IBSS, the STAs in the IBSS rotate and transmit the beacon frame, so the responder is not constant.
  • an STA that transmits a probe request frame on channel 1 and receives a probe response frame on channel 1 stores BSS-related information included in the received probe response frame and then transmits the next channel (for example, number 2).
  • Channel to scan (ie, probe request/response transmission/reception on channel 2) in the same manner.
  • the scanning operation may be performed by a passive scanning method.
  • An STA performing scanning based on passive scanning may wait for a beacon frame while moving channels.
  • the beacon frame is one of the management frames in IEEE 802.11, and is transmitted periodically to inform the presence of the wireless network and allow STAs performing scanning to find the wireless network and participate in the wireless network.
  • the AP serves to periodically transmit the beacon frame
  • STAs in the IBSS rotate and transmit the beacon frame.
  • the STA performing scanning stores information on the BSS included in the beacon frame and records beacon frame information in each channel while moving to another channel.
  • the STA receiving the beacon frame may store BSS-related information included in the received beacon frame and move to the next channel to perform scanning in the next channel in the same manner.
  • the STA discovering the network may perform an authentication process through step SS320. Such an authentication process may be referred to as a first authentication process in order to clearly distinguish the security setup operation of step S340 described later.
  • the authentication process in S320 may include a process in which the STA transmits an authentication request frame to the AP, and in response, the AP sends an authentication response frame to the STA.
  • the authentication frame used for authentication request/response corresponds to a management frame.
  • the authentication frame includes the authentication algorithm number, authentication transaction sequence number, status code, challenge text, robust security network (RSN), and finite cycle group (Finite Cyclic). Group).
  • the STA may transmit an authentication request frame to the AP.
  • the AP may determine whether to allow authentication for the corresponding STA based on the information included in the received authentication request frame.
  • the AP may provide the result of the authentication process to the STA through the authentication response frame.
  • the successfully authenticated STA may perform a connection process based on step S330.
  • the connection process includes a process in which the STA transmits an association request frame to the AP, and in response, the AP transmits an association response frame to the STA.
  • the connection request frame includes information related to various capabilities, beacon listening interval, service set identifier (SSID), supported rates, supported channels, RSN, and mobility domain. , Supported operating classes, TIM broadcast request, and information on interworking service capabilities.
  • connection response frame includes information related to various capabilities, status codes, association ID (AID), support rate, enhanced distributed channel access (EDCA) parameter set, received channel power indicator (RCPI), and received signal to noise (RSNI) Indicator), mobility domain, timeout interval (association comeback time (association comeback time)), overlapping (overlapping) BSS scan parameters, TIM broadcast response, QoS map, and other information.
  • AID association ID
  • EDCA enhanced distributed channel access
  • RCPI received channel power indicator
  • RSNI received signal to noise
  • mobility domain timeout interval (association comeback time (association comeback time)), overlapping (overlapping) BSS scan parameters, TIM broadcast response, QoS map, and other information.
  • step S340 the STA may perform a security setup process.
  • the security setup process of step S340 may include, for example, a process of performing a private key setup through 4-way handshaking through an Extensible Authentication Protocol over LAN (EAPOL) frame. .
  • EAPOL Extensible Authentication Protocol over LAN
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of a PPDU used in the IEEE standard.
  • PHY protocol data units As illustrated, various types of PHY protocol data units (PPDUs) have been used in standards such as IEEE a/g/n/ac. Specifically, the LTF and STF fields included a training signal, and SIG-A and SIG-B included control information for a receiving station, and the data field contained user data corresponding to a PSDU (MAC PDU/Aggregated MAC PDU). Was included.
  • PPDUs PHY protocol data units
  • the HE PPDU according to FIG. 4 is an example of a PPDU for multiple users, and the HE-SIG-B is included only for multiple users, and the corresponding HE-SIG-B may be omitted in the PPDU for a single user.
  • HE-PPDU for multiple users is a legacy-short training field (L-STF), legacy-long training field (L-LTF), legacy-signal (L-SIG), High efficiency-signal A (HE-SIG-A), high efficiency-signal-B (HE-SIG-B), high efficiency-short training field (HE-STF), high efficiency-long training field (HE-LTF) , Data field (or MAC payload) and PE (Packet Extension) field.
  • L-STF legacy-short training field
  • L-LTF legacy-long training field
  • L-SIG legacy-signal
  • HE-SIG-A High efficiency-signal A
  • HE-SIG-B high efficiency-short training field
  • HE-LTF high efficiency-long training field
  • PE Packet Extension
  • the resource unit may include a plurality of subcarriers (or tones).
  • the resource unit may be used when transmitting signals to multiple STAs based on the OFDMA technique. Also, when transmitting a signal to one STA, a resource unit may be defined.
  • the resource unit can be used for STF, LTF, data field, etc.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the arrangement of a resource unit (RU) used on a 20MHz band.
  • RU resource unit
  • Resource Units corresponding to different numbers of tones (ie, subcarriers) may be used to configure some fields of the HE-PPDU. For example, resources may be allocated in units of RU shown for HE-STF, HE-LTF, and data fields.
  • 26-units i.e., units corresponding to 26 tones
  • Six tones may be used as a guard band in the leftmost band of the 20 MHz band, and five tones may be used as a guard band in the rightmost band of the 20 MHz band.
  • 7 DC tones are inserted into the central band, that is, the DC band, and 26-units corresponding to each of 13 tones may exist to the left and right of the DC band.
  • 26-units, 52-units, and 106-units may be allocated to other bands.
  • Each unit can be assigned for a receiving station, ie a user.
  • the RU arrangement of FIG. 5 is utilized not only for a situation for multiple users (MU), but also for a situation for single users (SU).
  • MU multiple users
  • SU single users
  • one 242-unit is used. It is possible to use and in this case 3 DC tones can be inserted.
  • FIG. 6 is a view showing the arrangement of a resource unit (RU) used on the 40MHz band.
  • RU resource unit
  • examples of FIG. 6 may also be 26-RU, 52-RU, 106-RU, 242-RU, 484-RU, and the like.
  • 5 DC tones can be inserted into the center frequency, 12 tones are used as a guard band in the leftmost band of the 40 MHz band, and 11 tones are used in a rightmost band of the 40 MHz band. It can be used as a guard band.
  • 484-RU when used for a single user, 484-RU can be used. Meanwhile, the fact that the specific number of RUs can be changed is the same as the example of FIG. 4.
  • FIG. 7 is a view showing the arrangement of a resource unit (RU) used on the 80MHz band.
  • RU resource unit
  • examples of FIG. 7 may also be used of 26-RU, 52-RU, 106-RU, 242-RU, 484-RU, 996-RU, etc. have.
  • 7 DC tones can be inserted into the center frequency, 12 tones are used in the leftmost band of the 80 MHz band as a guard band, and 11 tones are located in the rightmost band of the 80 MHz band. It can be used as a guard band. It is also possible to use 26-RUs with 13 tones located on the left and right sides of the DC band.
  • 996-RU when used for a single user, 996-RU can be used, in which case 5 DC tones can be inserted.
  • the RU arrangement (ie, RU location) illustrated in FIGS. 5 to 7 may be applied to a new wireless LAN system (eg, an EHT system) as it is.
  • a new wireless LAN system eg, an EHT system
  • the arrangement of the RU for 80 MHz is repeated twice or the arrangement of the RU for 40 MHz (that is, the example of FIG. 6) is 4 times It can be repeated.
  • the arrangement of the RU for 80 MHz (example of FIG. 7) may be repeated 4 times or the arrangement of the RU for 40 MHz (ie, example of FIG. 6) may be repeated 8 times. have.
  • One RU of the present specification may be allocated for only one STA (eg, non-AP). Or, a plurality of RUs may be allocated for one STA (eg, non-AP).
  • the RU described herein may be used for UL (Uplink) communication and DL (Downlink) communication.
  • the transmitting STA eg, AP
  • the second STA may be allocated a second RU (for example, 26/52/106/242-RU).
  • the first STA may transmit the first Trigger-based PPDU based on the first RU
  • the second STA may transmit the second Trigger-based PPDU based on the second RU.
  • the first/second trigger-based PPDU is transmitted to the AP in the same time period.
  • the transmitting STA (eg, AP) allocates a first RU (eg, 26/52/106/242-RU, etc.) to the first STA, and A second RU (for example, 26/52/106/242-RU, etc.) may be allocated to the 2 STAs. That is, the transmitting STA (for example, the AP) can transmit the HE-STF, HE-LTF, and Data fields for the first STA through the first RU in one MU PPDU, and the second STA through the second RU. The HE-STF, HE-LTF, and Data fields for 2 STAs may be transmitted.
  • a first RU eg, 26/52/106/242-RU, etc.
  • a second RU for example, 26/52/106/242-RU, etc.
  • the HE-STF, HE-LTF, and Data fields for 2 STAs may be transmitted.
  • HE-SIG-B Information on the arrangement of the RU may be signaled through HE-SIG-B.
  • the HE-SIG-B field 810 includes a common field 820 and a user-specific field 830.
  • the common field 820 may include information commonly applied to all users (ie, user STAs) receiving SIG-B.
  • the user-individual field 830 may be referred to as a user-individual control field.
  • the user-individual field 830 may be applied to only some of a plurality of users when SIG-B is delivered to a plurality of users.
  • the common field 920 and the user-individual field 930 may be separately encoded.
  • the common field 920 may include N*8 bits of RU allocation information.
  • the RU allocation information may include information regarding the location of the RU. For example, when a 20 MHz channel is used as shown in FIG. 5, the RU allocation information may include information on which RU (26-RU/52-RU/106-RU) is arranged in which frequency band. .
  • up to nine 26-RUs may be allocated to a 20 MHz channel.
  • the RU allocation information of the common field 820 is set as “00000000” as shown in Table 8
  • nine 26-RUs may be allocated to the corresponding channel (ie, 20 MHz).
  • the RU allocation information of the common field 820 is set as “00000001”
  • seven 26-RUs and one 52-RU are arranged in corresponding channels. That is, in the example of FIG. 5, 52-RU is allocated on the rightmost side and 7 26-RU are allocated on the left side.
  • Table 1 shows only a part of RU locations that can be displayed by RU allocation information.
  • RU allocation information may include an example of Table 2 below.
  • “01000y2y1y0” is related to an example in which 106-RU is allocated to the left-most side of a 20 MHz channel, and 5 26-RU are allocated to the right.
  • a number of STAs (eg, User-STA) may be assigned to the 106-RU based on the MU-MIMO technique.
  • up to 8 STAs (eg, User-STA) may be allocated, and the number of STAs (eg, User-STA) allocated to the 106-RU is 3 bit information (y2y1y0) ).
  • the 3-bit information (y2y1y0) is set to N
  • the number of STAs (eg, User-STA) allocated to the 106-RU based on the MU-MIMO technique may be N+1.
  • a plurality of different STAs may be assigned to a plurality of RUs.
  • a plurality of STAs may be allocated based on the MU-MIMO technique.
  • the user-individual field 830 may include a plurality of user fields.
  • the number of STAs (eg, User STAs) allocated to a specific channel may be determined based on RU allocation information of the common field 820. For example, when the RU allocation information of the common field 820 is “00000000”, one User STA may be allocated to each of the nine 26-RUs (that is, a total of nine User STAs are allocated). That is, up to 9 User STAs may be allocated to a specific channel through OFDMA. In other words, up to 9 User STAs may be assigned to a specific channel through a non-MU-MIMO technique.
  • a plurality of User STAs are allocated through the MU-MIMO technique to 106-RUs disposed at the left-most side, and five 26-RUs disposed at the right side thereof.
  • Five user STAs may be allocated through a non-MU-MIMO technique. This case is embodied through the example of FIG. 9.
  • RU allocation is set to “01000010” as shown in FIG. 9, based on Table 2, 106-RU is allocated to the left-most of a specific channel and 5 26-RU are allocated to the right. Can be.
  • a total of three User STAs can be allocated to the 106-RU through the MU-MIMO technique.
  • the user-individual field 830 of HE-SIG-B may include 8 User fields.
  • Eight User fields may be included in the order shown in FIG. 9. Also, as illustrated in FIG. 8, two user fields may be implemented as one user block field.
  • the user fields illustrated in FIGS. 8 and 9 may be configured based on two formats. That is, the User field related to the MU-MIMO technique may be configured in the first format, and the User field related to the non-MU-MIMO technique may be configured in the second format. Referring to the example of FIG. 9, User fields 1 to User field 3 may be based on the first format, and User fields 4 to User Field 8 may be based on the second format.
  • the first format or the second format may include bit information of the same length (for example, 21 bits).
  • Each User field may have the same size (for example, 21 bits).
  • a User Field of the first format (format of MU-MIMO technique) may be configured as follows.
  • the first bit (eg, B0-B10) in the User field is the identification information of the User STA to which the corresponding User field is assigned (eg, STA-ID, partial AID, etc.) It may include.
  • the second bit (eg, B11-B14) in the User field may include information regarding spatial configuration.
  • an example of the second bit may be as shown in Tables 3 to 4 below.
  • information about the number of spatial streams for the user station (user STA) may be composed of 4 bits.
  • information on the number of spatial streams for the user station (user STA) may support up to eight spatial streams.
  • information on the number of spatial streams ie, second bits, B11-B14 may support up to four spatial streams for one User STA.
  • the third bit (ie, B15-18) in the User field (ie, 21 bits) may include Modulation and Coding Scheme (MCS) information.
  • MCS information can be applied to a data field in a PPDU that includes the corresponding SIG-B.
  • MCS MCS information
  • MCS index MCS field used in this specification may be indicated by specific index values.
  • MCS information may be indicated by index 0 to index 11.
  • the MCS information is information about the constellation modulation type (eg, BPSK, QPSK, 16-QAM, 64-QAM, 256-QAM, 1024-QAM, etc.), and coding rate (eg, 1/2, 2/ 3, 3/4, 5/6, etc.).
  • Information on the channel coding type eg, binary convolutional code (BCC) or low density parity check code (LDPC) may be excluded from the MCS information.
  • BCC binary convolutional code
  • LDPC low density parity check code
  • the fourth bit (ie, B19) in the User field (ie, 21 bits) may be a Reserved field.
  • the fifth bit (ie, B20) in the User field may include information regarding a coding type (eg, BCC or LDPC). That is, the fifth bit (ie, B20) may include information about the type of channel coding (eg, BCC or LDPC) applied to the data field in the PPDU including the corresponding SIG-B.
  • a coding type eg, BCC or LDPC
  • the fifth bit (ie, B20) may include information about the type of channel coding (eg, BCC or LDPC) applied to the data field in the PPDU including the corresponding SIG-B.
  • the above-described example relates to the User Field of the first format (format of MU-MIMO technique).
  • An example of the User field in the second format (format of the non-MU-MIMO technique) is as follows.
  • the first bit (eg, B0-B10) in the User field of the second format may include identification information of the User STA.
  • the second bit (eg, B11-B13) in the user field of the second format may include information on the number of spatial streams applied to the corresponding RU.
  • the third bit (eg, B14) in the user field of the second format may include information on whether a beamforming steering matrix is applied.
  • the fourth bit (eg, B15-B18) in the User field of the second format may include Modulation and Coding Scheme (MCS) information.
  • the fifth bit (eg, B19) in the User field of the second format may include information on whether DCM (Dual Carrier Modulation) is applied.
  • the sixth bit (ie, B20) in the User field of the second format may include information regarding a coding type (eg, BCC or LDPC).
  • the transmitting STA may perform channel access through contending (ie, backoff operation) and transmit a trigger frame 1030. That is, the transmitting STA (eg, AP) may transmit the PPDU including the Trigger Frame 1330.
  • a trigger-based (TB) PPDU is transmitted after a delay of SIFS.
  • TB PPDUs 1041 and 1042 may be transmitted at the same time, and may be transmitted from a plurality of STAs (eg, User STAs) in which an AID is indicated in Trigger frame 1030.
  • STAs eg, User STAs
  • the ACK frame 1050 for the TB PPDU may be implemented in various forms.
  • an orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) technique or a MU MIMO technique may be used, and OFDMA and MU MIMO techniques may be used simultaneously.
  • OFDMA orthogonal frequency division multiple access
  • the trigger frame of FIG. 11 allocates resources for uplink multiple-user transmission (MU) transmission, and may be transmitted from an AP, for example.
  • the trigger frame may consist of a MAC frame and may be included in the PPDU.
  • Each field illustrated in FIG. 11 may be partially omitted, and other fields may be added. Also, the length of each field may be changed differently from that shown.
  • the frame control field 1110 of FIG. 11 includes information on the version of the MAC protocol and other additional control information, and the duration field 1120 is time information for NAV setting or an identifier of the STA (eg For example, AID) may be included.
  • the RA field 1130 includes address information of a receiving STA of a corresponding trigger frame, and may be omitted if necessary.
  • the TA field 1140 includes address information of an STA (eg, AP) that transmits the trigger frame, and the common information field 1150 is applied to a receiving STA that receives the trigger frame.
  • Contains control information For example, a field indicating the length of the L-SIG field of the uplink PPDU transmitted corresponding to the trigger frame or the SIG-A field of the uplink PPDU transmitted corresponding to the trigger frame (ie, HE-SIG-A Field) may include information that controls the content.
  • the common control information information on the length of the CP of the uplink PPDU transmitted corresponding to the trigger frame or information on the length of the LTF field may be included.
  • the individual user information field may be referred to as an “assignment field”.
  • the trigger frame of FIG. 11 may include a padding field 1170 and a frame check sequence field 1180.
  • Each of the individual user information (per user information) fields 1160#1 to 1160#N shown in FIG. 11 may include a plurality of sub-fields again.
  • FIG. 12 shows an example of a common information field of a trigger frame. Some of the subfields of FIG. 12 may be omitted, and other subfields may be added. Also, the length of each of the illustrated sub-fields can be changed.
  • the illustrated length field 1210 has the same value as the length field of the L-SIG field of the uplink PPDU transmitted corresponding to the corresponding trigger frame, and the length field of the L-SIG field of the uplink PPDU indicates the length of the uplink PPDU.
  • the length field 1210 of the trigger frame can be used to indicate the length of the corresponding uplink PPDU.
  • cascade indicator field 1220 indicates whether a cascade operation is performed.
  • Cascade operation means that downlink MU transmission and uplink MU transmission are performed together in the same TXOP. That is, after the downlink MU transmission is performed, it means that the uplink MU transmission is performed after a predetermined time (for example, SIFS).
  • a predetermined time for example, SIFS.
  • AP transmission device
  • a plurality of transmission devices eg, non-AP
  • the CS request field 1230 indicates whether a state of a radio medium or NAV should be considered in a situation in which a receiving device receiving a corresponding trigger frame transmits a corresponding uplink PPDU.
  • the HE-SIG-A information field 1240 may include information that controls the content of the SIG-A field (ie, the HE-SIG-A field) of the uplink PPDU transmitted corresponding to the trigger frame.
  • the CP and LTF type field 1250 may include information on the length and CP length of the LTF of the uplink PPDU transmitted in response to the corresponding trigger frame.
  • the trigger type field 1060 may indicate the purpose for which the corresponding trigger frame is used, for example, normal triggering, triggering for beamforming, request for Block ACK/NACK, and the like.
  • the trigger type field 1260 of the trigger frame indicates a basic type trigger frame for normal triggering.
  • a basic type trigger frame may be referred to as a basic trigger frame.
  • the user information field 1300 of FIG. 13 shows an example of a sub-field included in a per user information field.
  • the user information field 1300 of FIG. 13 may be understood as any one of the individual user information fields 1160#1 to 1160#N mentioned in FIG. 11. Some of the sub-fields included in the user information field 1300 of FIG. 13 may be omitted, and other sub-fields may be added. Also, the length of each of the illustrated sub-fields can be changed.
  • the user identifier (User Identifier) field 1310 of FIG. 13 indicates an identifier of an STA (ie, a receiving STA) corresponding to per user information, and an example of the identifier is an association identifier (AID) of the receiving STA It can be all or part of the value.
  • a RU Allocation field 1320 may be included. That is, when the receiving STA identified by the user identifier field 1310 transmits the TB PPDU in response to the trigger frame, the TB PPDU is transmitted through the RU indicated by the RU allocation field 1320.
  • the RU indicated by the RU Allocation field 1320 may be the RU shown in FIGS. 5, 6, and 7.
  • the subfield of FIG. 13 may include a coding type field 1330.
  • the coding type field 1330 may indicate a coding type of TB PPDU. For example, when BCC coding is applied to the TB PPDU, the coding type field 1330 is set to '1', and when LDPC coding is applied, the coding type field 1330 can be set to '0'. have.
  • the sub-field of FIG. 13 may include an MCS field 1340.
  • the MCS field 1340 may indicate an MCS technique applied to TB PPDU. For example, when BCC coding is applied to the TB PPDU, the coding type field 1330 is set to '1', and when LDPC coding is applied, the coding type field 1330 can be set to '0'. have.
  • the transmitting STA may allocate 6 RU resources as illustrated in FIG. 14 through a trigger frame.
  • the AP includes first RU resources (AID 0, RU 1), second RU resources (AID 0, RU 2), third RU resources (AID 0, RU 3), and fourth RU resources (AID 2045, RU) 4), the fifth RU resource (AID 2045, RU 5), the sixth RU resource (AID 3, RU 6) can be allocated.
  • Information regarding AID 0, AID 3, or AID 2045 may be included, for example, in the user identification field 1310 of FIG. 13.
  • Information about RU 1 to RU 6 may be included in the RU allocation field 1320 of FIG. 13, for example.
  • the first to third RU resources of FIG. 14 may be used as a UORA resource for an associated STA
  • the fourth to fifth RU resources of FIG. 14 for an un-associated STA It may be used as a UORA resource
  • the sixth RU resource of FIG. 14 may be used as a resource for a normal UL MU.
  • the ODMA (OFDMA random access BackOff) counter of STA1 is decreased to 0, so that STA1 randomly selects the second RU resources (AID 0, RU 2).
  • the OBO counter of STA2/3 is greater than 0, uplink resources are not allocated to STA2/3.
  • STA1 in FIG. 14 is an associated STA, there are a total of 3 eligible RA RUs for STA1 (RU 1, RU 2, and RU 3), and accordingly, STA1 decreases the OBO counter by 3, resulting in an OBO counter. It became zero.
  • STA2 in FIG. 14 is an associated STA, there are a total of 3 eligible RA RUs for STA2 (RU 1, RU 2, RU 3), and accordingly, STA2 reduces the OBO counter by 3, but the OBO counter is 0. It is in a larger state.
  • STA3 in FIG. 14 is a non-associated STA, there are a total of 2 eligible RA RUs for STA3 (RU 4, RU 5), and accordingly, STA3 reduces the OBO counter by 2, but the OBO counter is It is greater than zero.
  • the 2.4 GHz band may be referred to by other names such as the first band (band).
  • the 2.4 GHz band may mean a frequency region in which channels having a center frequency adjacent to 2.4 GHz (eg, channels having a center frequency within 2.4 to 2.5 GHz) are used/supported/defined.
  • the 2.4 GHz band may include multiple 20 MHz channels.
  • 20 MHz in the 2.4 GHz band may have multiple channel indices (eg, index 1 to index 14).
  • the center frequency of a 20 MHz channel to which channel index 1 is allocated may be 2.412 GHz
  • the center frequency of a 20 MHz channel to which channel index 2 is allocated may be 2.417 GHz
  • the 20 MHz to which channel index N is allocated The center frequency of the channel may be (2.407 + 0.005*N) GHz.
  • the channel index may be called various names such as a channel number. The specific values of the channel index and the center frequency can be changed.
  • the illustrated first frequency domain 1510 to the fourth frequency domain 1540 may each include one channel.
  • the first frequency domain 1510 may include a channel 1 (a 20 MHz channel having an index 1).
  • the center frequency of channel 1 may be set to 2412 MHz.
  • the second frequency domain 1520 may include channel 6.
  • the center frequency of channel 6 may be set to 2437 MHz.
  • the third frequency domain 1530 may include channel 11.
  • the center frequency of the channel 11 may be set to 2462 MHz.
  • the fourth frequency domain 1540 may include channel 14. At this time, the center frequency of the channel 14 may be set to 2484 MHz.
  • 16 shows an example of a channel used/supported/defined within a 5 GHz band.
  • the 5 GHz band may be referred to by other names such as the second band/band.
  • the 5 GHz band may refer to a frequency range in which channels having a center frequency of 5 GHz or more and less than 6 GHz (or less than 5.9 GHz) are used/supported/defined.
  • the 5 GHz band may include a plurality of channels between 4.5 GHz and 5.5 GHz. The specific numerical values shown in FIG. 16 may be changed.
  • the plurality of channels in the 5 GHz band includes UNII (Unlicensed National Information Infrastructure)-1, UNII-2, UNII-3, and ISM.
  • UNII-1 can be called UNII Low.
  • UNII-2 may include frequency domains called UNII Mid and UNII-2Extended.
  • UNII-3 can be called UNII-Upper.
  • Multiple channels may be set in the 5 GHz band, and the bandwidth of each channel may be variously set to 20 MHz, 40 MHz, 80 MHz, or 160 MHz.
  • the 5170 MHz to 5330 MHz frequency range/range in UNII-1 and UNII-2 may be divided into eight 20 MHz channels.
  • the 5170 MHz to 5330 MHz frequency domain/range can be divided into four channels through the 40 MHz frequency domain.
  • the 5170 MHz to 5330 MHz frequency domain/range may be divided into two channels through the 80 MHz frequency domain.
  • the 5170 MHz to 5330 MHz frequency domain/range may be divided into one channel through the 160 MHz frequency domain.
  • FIG. 17 shows an example of a channel used/supported/defined within a 6 GHz band.
  • the 6 GHz band may be referred to by other names such as third band/band.
  • the 6 GHz band may mean a frequency domain in which channels with a center frequency of 5.9 GHz or higher are used/supported/defined.
  • the specific numerical values shown in FIG. 17 may be changed.
  • the 20 MHz channel in FIG. 17 may be defined from 5.940 GHz.
  • the left-most channel of the 20 MHz channel of FIG. 17 may have an index 1 (or a channel index, a channel number, etc.), and a center frequency of 5.945 GHz may be allocated. That is, the center frequency of the index N channel may be determined as (5.940 + 0.005*N) GHz.
  • the index (or channel number) of the 20 MHz channel in FIG. 17 is 1, 5, 9, 13, 17, 21, 25, 29, 33, 37, 41, 45, 49, 53, 57, 61, 65, 69, 73, 77, 81, 85, 89, 93, 97, 101, 105, 109, 113, 117, 121, 125, 129, 133, 137, 141, 145, 149, 153, 157, 161, 165, 169, 173, 177, 181, 185, 189, 193, 197, 201, 205, 209, 213, 217, 221, 225, 229, 233.
  • the index of the 40 MHz channel of FIG. 17 is 3, 11, 19, 27, 35, 43, 51, 59, 67, 75, 83, 91, 99, 107, 115, 123, 131, 139, 147, 155, 163, 171, 179, 187, 195, 203, 211, 219, 227.
  • the PPDU of FIG. 18 may be called various names such as an EHT PPDU, a transmitting PPDU, a receiving PPDU, a first type or an N-type PPDU.
  • EHT PPDU transmitting PPDU
  • receiving PPDU receives a packet data packet
  • N-type PPDU receives a packet data packet
  • it can be used in a new wireless LAN system with an improved EHT system and/or an EHT system.
  • the sub-field of FIG. 18 may be changed to various names.
  • the SIG A field may be called an EHT-SIG-A field
  • the SIG B field an EHT-SIG-B
  • the STF field an EHT-STF field
  • the LTF field an EHT-LTF field.
  • the subcarrier spacing of the L-LTF, L-STF, L-SIG, and RL-SIG fields of FIG. 18 may be set to 312.5 kHz, and the subcarrier spacing of the STF, LTF, and Data fields may be set to 78.125 kHz. That is, the subcarrier index of the L-LTF, L-STF, L-SIG, and RL-SIG fields may be displayed in 312.5 kHz units, and the subcarrier index of the STF, LTF, and Data fields may be displayed in 78.125 kHz units.
  • the SIG A and/or SIG B fields of FIG. 18 may include additional fields (eg, SIG C or one control symbol, etc.).
  • the subcarrier spacing of all/part of the SIG A and SIG B fields and all/part of the additionally defined SIG field may be set to 312.5 kHz. Meanwhile, subcarrier spacing for a part of the newly defined SIG field may be determined as a preset value (for example, 312.5 kHz or 78.125 kHz).
  • the PPDU of FIG. 18 may have the same L-LTF and L-STF fields.
  • the L-SIG field of FIG. 18 may include, for example, 24-bit bit information.
  • the 24-bit information may include a rate field of 4 bits, a reserved bit of 1 bit, a length field of 12 bits, a parity bit of 1 bit, and a tail bit of 6 bits.
  • the 12-bit Length field may include information on the number of octets of the PSDU (Physical Service Data Unit).
  • the value of the 12-bit Length field may be determined based on the type of PPDU. For example, if the PPDU is a non-HT, HT, VHT PPDU or an EHT PPDU, the value of the Length field may be determined in multiples of 3.
  • the value of the Length field may be determined as “multiple of 3 + 1” or “multiple of 3 +2”.
  • the value of the Length field can be determined as a multiple of 3 for non-HT, HT, VHT PPDU or EHT PPDU, and the value of the Length field for HE PPDU is a multiple of 3 + 1 or multiple of 3 +2”.
  • the transmitting STA may apply BCC encoding based on a code rate of 1/2 to the 24-bit information of the L-SIG field. Thereafter, the transmitting STA may acquire 48 bits of BCC encoded bits. For the 48-bit coded bit, BPSK modulation may be applied to generate 48 BPSK symbols. The transmitting STA may map 48 BPSK symbols to positions excluding pilot subcarriers ⁇ subcarrier index -21, -7, +7, +21 ⁇ and DC subcarrier ⁇ subcarrier index 0 ⁇ .
  • the transmitting STA may further map the signals of ⁇ -1, -1, -1, 1 ⁇ to the subcarrier index ⁇ -28, -27, +27, +28 ⁇ .
  • the above signal can be used for channel estimation for a frequency domain corresponding to ⁇ -28, -27, +27, +28 ⁇ .
  • the transmitting STA may generate the RL-SIG generated in the same way as the L-SIG.
  • BPSK modulation may be applied to RL-SIG.
  • the receiving STA can know that the received PPDU is an HE PPDU or an EHT PPDU based on the presence of the RL-SIG.
  • EHT-SIG-A or one control symbol may be inserted.
  • the symbol (i.e., EHT-SIG-A or one control symbol) contiguous to the RL-SIG may include 26 bits of information, and may include information for identifying the type of the EHT PPDU.
  • EHT PPDU type information may be included in a symbol subsequent to RL-SIG.
  • Symbols subsequent to the RL-SIG may include, for example, information about the length of the TXOP and information about the BSS color ID.
  • the SIG-A field may be configured in succession to a symbol (eg, one control symbol) consecutive to the RL-SIG.
  • a symbol subsequent to RL-SIG may be a SIG-A field.
  • the SIG-A field is 1) a DL/UL indicator, 2) a BSS color field that is an identifier of a BSS, 3) a field including information on the remaining time of the current TXOP section, 4) a bandwidth.
  • Bandwidth field including information
  • 5) Field including information on MCS technique applied to SIG-B 6) Contains information related to whether dual subcarrier modulation technique is applied to SIG-B Indication field, 7) a field including information on the number of symbols used for SIG-B, 8) a field including information on whether SIG-B is generated over the entire band, 9) LTF/STF Field including information on the type of 10, and information on a field indicating the length of the LTF and the length of the CP.
  • SIG-B of FIG. 18 may include the technical characteristics of HE-SIG-B shown in the example of FIGS. 8 to 9 as it is.
  • the STF of FIG. 18 may be used to improve automatic gain control estimation in a multiple input multiple output (MIMO) environment or OFDMA environment.
  • the LTF of FIG. 18 can be used to estimate a channel in a MIMO environment or an OFDMA environment.
  • the STF of FIG. 18 can be set to various types.
  • a first type that is, 1x STF
  • the STF signal generated based on the first type STF sequence may have a period of 0.8 ⁇ s, and the period signal of 0.8 ⁇ s may be repeated 5 times to become a first type STF having a length of 4 ⁇ s.
  • a second type that is, 2x STF
  • a second type that is, 2x STF
  • STF among STFs may be generated based on a second type STF sequence in which non-zero coefficients are arranged at eight subcarrier intervals.
  • the STF signal generated based on the second type STF sequence may have a period of 1.6 ⁇ s, and the period signal of 1.6 ⁇ s may be repeated 5 times to become a second type EHT-STF having a length of 8 ⁇ s.
  • a third type ie, 4x EHT-STF
  • the STF signal generated based on the third type STF sequence may have a period of 3.2 ⁇ s, and the period signal of 3.2 ⁇ s may be repeated 5 times to become a third type EHT-STF having a length of 16 ⁇ s.
  • the EHT-LTF field may have first, second, and third types (ie, 1x, 2x, 4x LTF).
  • the first/second/third type LTF field may be generated based on an LTF sequence in which non-zero coefficients are arranged at 4/2/1 subcarrier intervals.
  • the first/second/third type LTF may have a time length of 3.2/6.4/12.8 ⁇ s.
  • various lengths of GI eg, 0.8/1/6/3.2 ⁇ s may be applied to the first/second/third type LTF.
  • Information about the type of STF and/or LTF may be included in the SIG A field and/or SIG B field of FIG. 18.
  • the PPDU of FIG. 18 may support various bandwidths.
  • the PPDU of FIG. 18 may have a bandwidth of 20/40/80/160/240/320 MHz.
  • some of the fields of FIG. 18 (eg, STF, LTF, data) may be configured based on the RU shown in FIGS. 5 to 7 and the like.
  • all fields of the PPDU of FIG. 18 may occupy the entire bandwidth.
  • some fields (eg, STF, LTF, data) of FIG. 18 are illustrated in FIGS. 5 to 7 and the like.
  • the STF, LTF, and data fields for the first receiving STA of the PPDU may be transmitted and received through the first RU
  • the STF, LTF, and data fields for the second receiving STA of the PPDU may be transmitted and received through the second RU.
  • the location of the first/second RU may be determined based on FIGS. 5 to 7 and the like.
  • the PPDU of FIG. 18 may be determined (or identified) as an EHT PPDU based on the following method.
  • the receiving STA may determine the type of the received PPDU as the EHT PPDU based on the following. For example, 1) the first symbol after the L-LTF signal of the received PPDU is BPSK, 2) the RL-SIG where the L-SIG of the received PPDU is repeated is detected, and 3) the length of the L-SIG of the received PPDU. When the result of applying “modulo 3” to the value is detected as “0”, the received PPDU may be determined as the EHT PPDU. When the received PPDU is determined to be the EHT PPDU, the receiving STA is based on the bit information included in the symbol after RL-SIG in FIG.
  • the receiving STA is 1) the first symbol after the L-LTF signal, which is the BSPK, 2) the result of applying RL-SIG identical to the L-SIG in the L-SIG field and 3) “modulo 3”. Based on the L-SIG including the Length field set to “0”, the received PPDU can be determined as the EHT PPDU.
  • the receiving STA may determine the type of the received PPDU as HE PPDU based on the following. For example, 1) the first symbol after the L-LTF signal is BPSK, 2) the RL-SIG where the L-SIG is repeated is detected, and 3) “modulo 3” is applied to the length value of the L-SIG. When the result is detected as “1” or “2”, the received PPDU may be determined as the HE PPDU.
  • the receiving STA may determine the type of the received PPDU as non-HT, HT and VHT PPDU based on the following. For example, 1) if the first symbol after the L-LTF signal is BPSK, and 2) when the RL-SIG in which the L-SIG is repeated is not detected, the received PPDU is determined to be non-HT, HT and VHT PPDU. Can. In addition, even if the receiving STA detects repetition of RL-SIG, when the result of applying “modulo 3” to the length value of L-SIG is detected as “0”, the received PPDU is non-HT, HT, and VHT PPDU. It can be judged as.
  • the signal represented by transmission/reception/upward/downward data may be a signal transmitted and received based on the PPDU of FIG. 18.
  • the PPDU of FIG. 18 can be used to transmit and receive various types of frames.
  • the PPDU of FIG. 18 can be used for a control frame.
  • control frame may include a request to send (RTS), a clear to send (CTS), a Power Save-Poll (PS-Poll), a BlockACKReq, a BlockAck, a NDP (Null Data Packet) announcement, and a Trigger Frame.
  • RTS request to send
  • CTS clear to send
  • PS-Poll Power Save-Poll
  • BlockACKReq BlockAck
  • NDP Null Data Packet
  • Trigger Frame a Trigger Frame.
  • the PPDU of FIG. 18 can be used for a management frame.
  • An example of a management frame may include a Beacon frame, (Re-)Association Request frame, (Re-)Association Response frame, Probe Request frame, Probe Response frame.
  • the PPDU of FIG. 18 can be used for a data frame.
  • the PPDU of FIG. 18 may be used to simultaneously transmit at least two or more of a control frame, a management frame, and a data frame.
  • 19 shows a modified example of the transmitting device and/or receiving device of the present specification.
  • Each device/STA in the sub-views (a)/(b) of FIG. 1 may be modified as shown in FIG. 19.
  • the transceiver 630 of FIG. 19 may be the same as the transceivers 113 and 123 of FIG. 1.
  • the transceiver 630 of FIG. 19 may include a receiver and a transmitter.
  • the processor 610 of FIG. 19 may be the same as the processors 111 and 121 of FIG. 1. Alternatively, the processor 610 of FIG. 19 may be the same as the processing chips 114 and 124 of FIG. 1.
  • the memory 150 of FIG. 19 may be the same as the memories 112 and 122 of FIG. 1. Alternatively, the memory 150 of FIG. 19 may be a separate external memory different from the memories 112 and 122 of FIG. 1.
  • the power management module 611 manages power for the processor 610 and/or the transceiver 630.
  • the battery 612 supplies power to the power management module 611.
  • the display 613 outputs the results processed by the processor 610.
  • Keypad 614 receives input to be used by processor 610.
  • the keypad 614 may be displayed on the display 613.
  • the SIM card 615 may be an integrated circuit used to securely store an international mobile subscriber identity (IMSI) used to identify and authenticate subscribers in mobile phone devices such as mobile phones and computers and keys associated therewith. .
  • IMSI international mobile subscriber identity
  • the speaker 640 may output sound-related results processed by the processor 610.
  • the microphone 641 may receive a sound-related input to be used by the processor 610.
  • an example of the type (ie, format) of a PPDU used in a wireless LAN system includes non-HT, HT, VHT, HE PPDU, and the like.
  • the illustrated first type PPDU 2010 is a non-HT PPDU defined in the IEEE 802.11a standard, etc.
  • the illustrated second type PPDU 2020 and the third type PPDU 2030 are defined in the IEEE 802.11n standard.
  • the illustrated fourth type PPDU 2040 is a VHT PPDU defined in the IEEE 802.11ac standard
  • the illustrated fifth type PPDU 2050 and the sixth type PPDU 2060 are the HE PPDU defined in the IEEE 802.11ax standard. to be.
  • All types of PPDUs shown in FIG. 20 include L-STF and L-LTF fields.
  • Each of the L-STF and L-LTF fields may be transmitted through two symbols (eg, OFDM symbol). That is, each of the L-STF and L-LTF fields may have a transmission time of 8 us.
  • All types of PPDUs shown in FIG. 20 include an L-SIG field or an HT-SIG1 field that is continuous to the L-LTF field.
  • the L-SIG field or the HT-SIG1 field shown in FIG. 20 may be transmitted through one symbol.
  • the HT-SIG1 field of the third type PPDU 2030 may be modulated based on a quadrature binary phase shift keying (QBPSK) constellation.
  • QBPSK quadrature binary phase shift keying
  • the QBPSK constellation may be a constellation rotated by 90 degrees counterclockwise based on the BPSK constellation.
  • the QBPSK constellation may be a constellation rotated by 90 degrees counterclockwise based on the BPSK constellation.
  • the receiving STA can identify that the received PPDU is a third type PPDU when QBPSK is applied to a symbol received after the L-LTF field. have.
  • the receiving STA may identify that the received PPDU is one of the first, second, fourth, fifth, and sixth type PPDUs.
  • PPDUs of the fifth and sixth types may be identified/detected by the receiving STA based on the following example.
  • PPDUs of the fifth and sixth types are RL-SIGs (Repeated L-SIGs) in which L-SIGs are repeated in a field subsequent to the L-SIG field.
  • RL-SIGs Remote L-SIGs
  • three SIG fields exist after the L-SIG field.
  • the receiving STA identifies that the received PPDU is the fifth and sixth types of PPDUs when L-SIG is repeated as it is in a symbol subsequent to the L-SIG field and three SIG fields exist after the L-SIG field. Can be detected.
  • the PPDU 2050 of the fifth type is BPSK that is applied to the third SIG field after the L-SIG field
  • the PPDU 2060 of the sixth type is applied to the third SIG field after the L-SIG field.
  • the constellation is QBPSK. Accordingly, the receiving STA may distinguish PPDUs of the fifth and sixth types from each other based on whether the constellation applied to the third SIG field after the L-SIG field is BPSK or QPBSK.
  • a field consecutive to the L-SIG field does not repeat the L-SIG as it is, and a BPSK is applied to the first symbol consecutive to the L-SIG, and the second continuous to the first symbol QBPSK is applied to the symbol. Accordingly, the receiving STA may identify the fourth type of PPDU based on whether the L-SIG field is repeated and/or whether QBPSK is applied to the second symbol.
  • the receiving STA can identify/detect the second type of PPDU from other types of PPDUs. Also, as described above, since PPDUs of the second to sixth types all have distinguishable characteristics, PPDUs that are not identified/detected as PPDUs of the second to sixth types may be identified/detected as PPDUs of the first type. have.
  • the specific order of the above-described identification/detection method may be changed. That is, when uniquely configuring the number/constellation of symbols after L-LTF as shown in FIG. 20, the receiving STA can accurately identify the type of the PPDU received through various methods.
  • the 5.9 GHz DSRC is a short-to-medium-range communications service that supports both public safety and private work in roadside vehicles and vehicle-to-vehicle communications environments. DSRC is intended to complement cellular communication by providing very high data rates in situations where it is important to minimize the latency of the communication link and separate relatively small communication areas.
  • the PHY and MAC protocols are also based on the IEEE 802.11p amendment for wireless access in a vehicle environment (WAVE).
  • 802.11p uses the PHY of 802.11a by 2x down clocking. That is, a signal is transmitted using a 10 MHz bandwidth instead of a 20 MHz bandwidth. Numerology comparing 802.11a and 802.11p is as follows.
  • the DSRC band has a control channel and a service channel, and data transmission of 3,4.5,6,9,12,18,24,27 Mbps is possible, respectively. If there is an optional 20MHz channel, transmission of 6,9,12,18,24,36,48,54 Mbps is possible. 6,9,12 Mbps must be supported in all services and channels.
  • the control channel the preamble is 3 Mbps, but the message itself is 6 Mbps.
  • Channels 174 and 176 and channels 180 and 182 are channels 175 and 181 at 20 MHz, respectively, if authorized by a frequency coordination agency. The rest is reserved for future use.
  • OBUs On Board Units
  • Channel 178 is a control channel, and all OBUs automatically search for a control channel and receive notification, data transmission, and warning messages from the RSU (Road Side Unit). All data of the control channel must be transmitted within 200ms and repeated at a predefined cycle. In the control channel, public safety alerts take precedence over all private messages. Private messages larger than 200ms are sent over the service channel.
  • a private message or a long public safety message is transmitted through the service channel.
  • a channel sensing technique Carrier Sense Multiple Access (CSMA)
  • CSMA Carrier Sense Multiple Access
  • FIG. 23 shows a frame format of a frame according to the 802.11p standard.
  • a frame (or packet) according to the 802.11p standard may support inter-vehicle communication in a 5.9 GHz band.
  • the 11p frame 2300 is synchronized (or sync) and AGC. It may include a signal field (or SIG field) 2330 including information on the STF 2310 for (Automatic Gain Control), the LTF 2300 for channel estimation, and/or the Data field 2340.
  • the data field 2340 may be configured to include 16 bits constituting a service field.
  • the 11p frame 2300 may be configured for 10 MHz bandwidth by applying the same OFMDM numerology as the 802.11a standard.
  • the 802.11p standard may be applied by 2x down clocking OFDM numerology for a 20MHz bandwidth according to the 802.11a standard. Therefore, the symbol of the 11p frame 2300 may be set longer than the symbol of the frame according to the 802.11a standard.
  • the symbol of the 11p frame 2300 may have a symbol duration of 8 us.
  • the 11p frame 2300 may have a length twice as long as a frame according to the 802.11a standard.
  • 24 shows a format of a frame according to the 802.11bd standard.
  • the sub-views (a)/(b) of FIG. 24 show frames (hereinafter, 11bd frames) according to the 802.11bd standard. Specifically, the sub-view (a) of FIG. 24 shows an 11bd frame at 10 MHz. The sub-view (b) of FIG. 24 shows an 11bd frame at 20 MHz.
  • the frame according to the 802.11bd standard may be configured to operate in the 5.9 GHz Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) band to be interoperable with the 802.11p standard.
  • ITS Intelligent Transportation Systems
  • a device supporting the 802.11bd standard (hereinafter referred to as 11bd device) checks whether there is a device supporting the 802.11p standard (hereinafter referred to as an 11p device) through transmission and reception of a preamble detection, probe request/response, or CTS/RTS signal. Can.
  • the 11bd device may transmit an 11bd frame (or 11bd PPDU) when there is no 11p device nearby.
  • the 11bd device may transmit an 11bd frame (or 11bd PPDU) based on the presence or absence of an 11p device around the 11bd device.
  • the 11bd device may transmit the 11bd frame shown in FIG. 24 to reduce the effect on the hidden node.
  • 25 shows another format of a frame according to the 802.11bd standard.
  • the 11bd frame 2500 may be configured with 10 MHz.
  • an 11bd frame may include a preamble part of an 11p frame.
  • the 11bd frame 2500 may include an L-STF 2510, an L-LTF 2520, or an L-SIG (or L-SIG field) 2530.
  • the 11bd frame is RL-SIG (or RL-SIG field) 2540, NGV-SIG (or NGV-SIG field) 2550, RNGV-SIG (or RNGV-SIG field) 2560, NGV-STF 2570, NGV-LTF 2580 or NGV Data (or NGV-Data field) 2590.
  • the RL-SIG 2540 may be located after the L-SIG 2530.
  • the RL-SIG 2540 may be a field in which the L-SIG 2530 is repeated.
  • the RL-SIG 2540 may be modulated in the same way as the L-SIG 2530.
  • the NGV-SIG 2550 may be associated with transmission information.
  • the NGV-SIG 2550 may include transmission information.
  • the NGV-SIG 2550 may include information about bandwidth, MCS, Nss, Midamble periodicity, LDPC Extra symbol, LTF format, or tail bit. BCC encoding based on a coding rate of 1/2 may be applied to the NGV-SIG 2550.
  • the RNGV-SIG 2560 may be a field in which the NGV-SIG 2550 is repeated.
  • the RNGV-SIG 2560 may be modulated in the same way as the NGV-SIG 2550.
  • the NGV-STF 2570 may be configured by 2x downclocking the 20 MHz VHT-STF according to the 802.11ac standard.
  • the NGV-LTF 2580 may be configured by 2x downclocking the 20 MHz VHT-LTF according to the 802.11ac standard.
  • 26 shows another format of a frame according to the 802.11bd standard.
  • the 11bd frame 2600 may be configured with 20 MHz.
  • 11bd frame 2600 is L-STF (2610), L-LTF (2620), L-SIG (2630), RL-SIG (2640), NGV-SIG (2650), RNGV-SIG (2660), NGV- STF 2670, NGV-LTF 2680, or NGV Data 2690.
  • the L-STF 2610, the L-LTF 2620, or the L-SIG 2630 may be configured by replicating in 10 MHz units.
  • the RL-SIG 2640, NGV-SIG 2650, or RNGV-SIG 2660 may also be configured by duplication of 10 MHz units.
  • the NGV-STF 2670 may be configured by 2x down clocking the 40MHz VHT-STF according to the 802.11ac standard.
  • the NGV-LTF 2680 may be configured by 2x downclocking the 40MHz VHT-LTF according to the 802.11ac standard.
  • an example of the present specification relates to an 11bd frame (or 11bd PPDU).
  • the 11bd frame can be used in various wireless communication systems, for example, in an IEEE 802.11bd wireless LAN system.
  • the 11bd frame can be called with various names.
  • the 11bd frame may be referred to as an NGV frame, NGV PPDU, 11bd PPDU, or the like.
  • the 11bd frame may be called various names such as a first type PPDU, a transmitting PPDU, a receiving PPDU, and a wireless LAN PPDU.
  • an 11bd frame may also be called an 11bd PPDU.
  • the 11bd PPDU may include at least one symbol.
  • the at least one symbol may include various fields.
  • the at least one symbol may include an L-SIG (or L-SIG field).
  • the at least one symbol may include NGV-SIG (or NGV-SIG field).
  • L-SIG or NGV-SIG can be called by various names.
  • L-SIG may be called various names such as a first control field, a transmission control field, a reception control field, a wireless LAN control field, or a legacy control field.
  • the 5.9 GHz band may be variously expressed as an NGV band, a reception band, and a transmission band.
  • the 11bd device may support the first type PPDU and the second type PPDU.
  • the first type PPDU may include a legacy PPDU (eg, a PPDU according to the 802.11p standard).
  • the second type PPDU may include NGV PPDU (eg, PPDU according to 802.11bd standard).
  • the 11bd device may mean a device supporting the 802.11bd standard.
  • the 11bd device can support not only the 802.11bd standard but also the 802.11p standard.
  • the 11p device may support only the first type PPDU among the first type PPDU and the second type PPDU.
  • an 11p device can support only legacy PPDUs among legacy PPDUs and NGV PPDUs.
  • the 11p device may mean a device supporting the 802.11p standard.
  • the 11p device may not support the 802.11bd standard.
  • 11bd frame is configured according to bandwidth
  • the 11bd frame may be configured based on bandwidth (BW) to support interoperability with the 802.11p standard.
  • BW bandwidth
  • the 11bd frame may include at least one of L-STF, L-LTF, L-SIG, or NGV data field. Additionally, the 11bd frame may further include RL-SIG, NGV-SIG, RNGV-SIG, NGV-STF or NGV-LTF, as shown in FIG. 26.
  • the NGV data field may be transmitted by using a 20MHz tone plan according to the 802.11ac standard.
  • the 11bd device may add an extra tone to the L-SIG.
  • the 11bd device can perform channel estimation for the NGV data field.
  • a tone index to which an extra tone is added may be configured as [-28 -27 27 28].
  • the extra tone may be power boosted to have the same tone power as the L-LTF.
  • a mid-amble can be added to the NGV data field.
  • the number of symbols of the mid-amble may be composed of two symbols in the same way as the L-LTF.
  • the number of symbols of the mid-amble may be set as follows by the number of spatial streams (NSS).
  • the number of symbols in the mid-amble can be set based on the number of spatial streams (NSS).
  • NSS 1-iii)-a
  • one OFDM symbol may be set as a mid-amble.
  • the mid-amble configured as 1-iii)-d 1-iii)-a to 1-iii)-c may be transmitted at intervals of one of 2, 4, 6, or 8 OFDM symbols.
  • Mid-amble may be composed of an L-LTF sequence.
  • the mid-amble may be configured such that bits identical to extra tones added to the L-SIG are added at both ends of the L-LTF.
  • coefficients for extra tones may be configured as [-1 -1 -1 1].
  • coefficients for extra tones may be configured as [1 1 -1 -1].
  • the 11bd frame may include at least one of L-STF, L-LTF, L-SIG, or NGV data field. Additionally, the 11bd frame may further include RL-SIG, NGV-SIG, RNGV-SIG, NGV-STF or NGV-LTF, as shown in FIG. 26.
  • L-STF, L-LTF and/or L-SIG may be configured by duplication.
  • L-STF, L-LTF and/or L-SIG may be configured by replicating in 10 MHz units.
  • the NGV data field may be transmitted through the entire bandwidth (entire bandwidth). For example, the NGV data field may be transmitted through a bandwidth of 20 MHz. In other words, L-STF, L-LTF and/or L-SIG may be transmitted through 20 MHz by being replicated in 10 MHz units. The NGV data field can be transmitted over the entire 20 MHz bandwidth.
  • the L-part ie, L-STF, L-LTF and/or L-SIG
  • the L-part can be duplicated by using a tone plan according to the 802.11p standard.
  • an NGV signal field may be included for information transmission on the NGV data field.
  • NGV-SIG may be configured in the same way as L-part.
  • the NGV-SIG may be configured to have the same modulation scheme and/or MCS as the L-part.
  • BPSK modulation may be applied to NGV-SIG in the same way as L-part.
  • the same MCS as the L-part may be applied to the NGV-SIG.
  • the 11bd device can perform channel estimation for the NGV data field by using L-LTF or NGV-LTF.
  • L-LTF when L-LTF is used when performing channel estimation, the 11bd device may perform channel estimation by adding at least one extra tone to the L-SIG. In other words, the 11bd device may perform channel estimation by adding at least one extra tone to the L-SIG based on the L-LTF.
  • the 11bd device when transmitting an 11bd frame of 20MHz, the 11bd device needs to perform channel estimation for a tone in which the L-LTF is not transmitted due to duplication of the L-part. Accordingly, the 11bd device performs channel estimation by using the last tone index [26] (or extra tone index [28]) of the upper 10 MHz and the first tone index [-26] (or extra tone index [-28]) of the lower 10 MHz. It can be done.
  • the 11bd device may perform interpolation based on the last tone index [26] of the upper 10 MHz and the first tone index [-26] of the lower 10 MHz.
  • the 11bd device can perform channel estimation by using interpolated tones.
  • channel estimation for a tone related to DC of 10 MHz may be performed based on interpolation using adjacent tones.
  • channel estimation for a tone related to DC at 10 MHz may be performed based on interpolation using tone index [-1] or tone index [1].
  • channel estimation for a tone related to DC at 10 MHz may be performed based on interpolation using two tones of tone index [-1] and tone index [1].
  • the NGV data field can be constructed by using various tone plans.
  • 2-iv)-a NGV data field may be configured based on a 20 MHz tone plan according to the 802.11ac standard.
  • the carrier spacing of the NGV data field can be set to 312.5 kHz.
  • the 11bd device may configure the mid-amble as 20 MHz VHT-LTF.
  • the 11bd device may be configured by adding three coefficients to both sides of the L-LTF sequence for the mid-amble.
  • the added coefficient value can be set to various values.
  • the coefficient value can be set to a value that minimizes the peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR).
  • PAPR peak-to-average power ratio
  • 2-iv)-b NGV data field may be configured based on a 40 MHz tone plan according to the 802.11ac standard.
  • the carrier spacing of the NGV data field can be set to 156.25 kHz.
  • the mid-amble when transmitting a mid-amble from an 11bd device, the mid-amble may be configured as a 40MHz VHT-LTF sequence. According to one embodiment, the mid-amble may be configured by using an L-LTF sequence.
  • the sequence for the mid-amble can be configured in various ways.
  • L-LTF sequence [1, 1, -1, -1, 1, 1, -1, 1, -1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, -1, -1, 1, 1, -1, 1, -1, 1, 1, -1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, -1, -1, 1, 1, -1, 1, 1, -1, 1, -1, 1, -1, 1, -1, 1, -1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1]
  • mid-amble sequence [L-LTF sequence x1 x2 x3 x4 0 0 0 x5 x6 x7 x8 L-LTF sequence]
  • the tone index for 8 coefficient values is a tone index of upper 10 MHz [27 28 29 30] and a tone index of low 10 MHz [ -30 -29 -28 -27].
  • [x1 x2 x3 x4] may be a tone index [27 28 29 30] of upper 10 MHz.
  • [x5 x6 x7 x8] may be a low 10 MHz tone index [-30 -29 -28 -27].
  • the coefficient value may be configured as a first value (eg, ⁇ 1 ⁇ ) or a second value (eg, ⁇ -1 ⁇ ).
  • the coefficient value may be configured as a value that minimizes PAPR.
  • 11bd frame is configured according to L-SIG
  • the 11bd device may configure a field for transmitting information on the NGV data field. For example, when transmitting an 11bd frame, the 11bd device may use an L-SIG (or L-SIG field) to transmit information about the NGV data field.
  • L-SIG or L-SIG field
  • an L-SIG (or L-SIG field) may be used to transmit control information for demodulation and decoding of a data field.
  • the L-SIG can be configured with 24 bits.
  • L-SIG is composed of a rate field of 4 bits, a reserved bit of 1 bit, a length field of 12 bits, a parity bit of 1 bit, and a signal tail field of 6 bits.
  • the rate field may include transmission rate information.
  • the length field may indicate the number of octets of the PSDU. In other words, the length field may include information regarding the number of octets of the PSDU.
  • the rate field of 4 bits may be described as bit-0 to bit-3 (or bits 0-3).
  • a spare bit of 1 bit may be described as bit-4.
  • the configuration of the L-SIG and information included in the L-SIG may be reconstructed.
  • a configuration of the L-SIG and a method of reconstructing information included in the L-SIG may be described.
  • an 11bd frame (or 11bd PPDU) may be configured in two formats.
  • the first format may be a frame format for reducing sensitivity.
  • the second format may be a frame format for improving throughput.
  • features used as mandatory for each frame format may be determined in advance.
  • the 11bd device may indicate the first format or the second format to other 11bd devices. In other words, the 11bd device may transmit information regarding the first format or the second format to other 11bd devices. Another 11bd device that has received the information on the first format or the second format can check the determined features based on the frame format.
  • bit-4 of the L-SIG when bit-4 of the L-SIG is set to a first value (for example, ⁇ 0 ⁇ ), the 11bd device may indicate that the transmitted frame format is a frame format for high throughput.
  • bit-4 of the L-SIG when bit-4 of the L-SIG is set to a second value (for example, ⁇ 1 ⁇ ), the 11bd device may indicate that the transmitted frame format is a frame format for lower sensitivity.
  • the 11bd device may transmit information on a frame format through bit-4 of L-SIG.
  • the 11bd device may set bit-4 of the L-SIG as a first value (for example, ⁇ 0 ⁇ ).
  • the 11bd device may set bit-4 of L-SIG to a second value (for example, ⁇ 1 ⁇ ).
  • the 11bd device can check the frame format of the received frame based on bit-4 of the L-SIG. For example, the 11bd device can confirm that the frame format of the received frame is a frame format for high throughput, based on bit-4 of the L-SIG being the first value. For another example, the 11bd device may confirm that the frame format of the received frame is a frame format for lower sensitivity based on bit-4 of the L-SIG being the second value.
  • the 11bd device can further indicate the following information through bit-4.
  • bit-4 when bit-4 is set to a first value (for example, ⁇ 0 ⁇ ), bit-4 may indicate/indicate a frame format (HT frame format) for high throughput. .
  • information that may be set as mandatory may be information regarding bandwidth.
  • the 11bd device can acquire information on bandwidth based on bit-4.
  • bit-4 may include both frame format and bandwidth information. Therefore, a bandwidth set in a frame format for high throughput may be set as a first bandwidth (eg, 20 MHz).
  • the bandwidth set in the frame format for lower sensitivity may be set as the second bandwidth (eg, 10 MHz).
  • a bandwidth of a frame having an HT frame format may be set to 20 MHz.
  • the 11bd device may indicate that the bandwidth of the frame to be transmitted is 20 MHz.
  • the 11bd device can confirm that the bandwidth of the received frame is 20 MHz. In other words, the 11bd device can confirm that the bandwidth of the received frame is 20 MHz, based on bit-4 being the first value.
  • bit-4 when bit-4 is set to a second value (for example, ⁇ 1 ⁇ ), bit-4 indicates a frame format (LS frame format) for lower sensitivity/ Can be represented.
  • the information that can be further set as mandatory may be information regarding bandwidth or dual carrier modulation (DCM).
  • a bandwidth of a frame having an LS frame format may be set to 10 MHz.
  • the 11bd device may indicate that when bit-4 is set as the second value, the bandwidth of the frame to be transmitted is 10 MHz.
  • the 11bd device can confirm that the bandwidth of the received frame is 10 MHz. In other words, the 11bd device can confirm that the bandwidth of the received frame is 10 MHz, based on bit-4 being the second value.
  • the 11bd device may indicate that DCM is applied in a frame to be transmitted when bit-4 is set as a second value.
  • the 11bd device can confirm that DCM is applied in the received frame. In other words, the 11bd device can confirm that DCM is applied in the received frame based on bit-4 being the second value.
  • a bandwidth of a frame having an LS frame format is set to 10 MHz
  • DCM may be applied to a frame having the LS frame format.
  • the 11bd device may indicate that the frame to be transmitted is 10 MHz and DCM is applied when bit-4 is set as the second value.
  • the 11bd device can confirm that the received frame is 10 MHz and DCM is applied. In other words, the 11bd device can confirm that the received frame is 10 MHz and DCM is applied to the received frame based on bit-4 being the second value.
  • the 4 bit rate field may include other information in addition to the information indicated by the Format indication.
  • the information indicated by the format indication may include information indicated through bit-4. In other words, the information indicated by the format indication may include information included in bit-4.
  • 1-C-i) 4 bit rate field may be configured as shown in Table 6.
  • Bits 0-3 may include various information.
  • Bit 0-3 may include encoding type information, modulation type information, and coding rate information.
  • the encoding type can be called in various terms.
  • the encoding type may also be referred to as a coding type, channel coding type, or forward error correction (FEC) coding type.
  • FEC forward error correction
  • the modulation type can be called in various terms.
  • the modulation type may also be called modulation order, constellation mapping type/scheme.
  • Format indication (Bits 0-3) is set to a second value (eg, ⁇ 1 ⁇ ) (eg, bit-4 is set to a second value)
  • DCM may be applied.
  • BCC + BPSK + 1/2, BCC + QPSK + 1/2 and BCC + 16QAM + 1/2 among the rate fields may be used. Therefore, only 4 bit information corresponding to BCC + BPSK + 1/2, BCC + QPSK + 1/2 and BCC + 16QAM + 1/2 among the rate fields can be transmitted.
  • Format indication when Format indication is set to a second value (for example, ⁇ 1 ⁇ ), BCC is applied and a coding rate can be set to 1/2. Therefore, the 11bd device may set bits 0-3 to one of ⁇ 1101 ⁇ , ⁇ 0101 ⁇ , or ⁇ 1001 ⁇ when Format indication is set to a second value (for example, ⁇ 1 ⁇ ).
  • 256QAM may be applied to support high throughput (HT).
  • HT high throughput
  • a 4 bit rate field may be configured. 4 bit rate field configuration may be configured as shown in Table 7.
  • the 11bd device may transmit information on the bandwidth of the frame to be transmitted by using bit-4, which is a reserved bit of L-SIG.
  • bit-4 of the L-SIG may include information on the bandwidth of the transmitted frame.
  • bit-4 when bit-4 is set to a first value (for example, ⁇ 0 ⁇ ), bit-4 may indicate a bandwidth of 10 MHz.
  • bit-4 when bit-4 is set to a second value (eg, ⁇ 1 ⁇ ), bit-4 may indicate a bandwidth of 20 MHz.
  • the bandwidth information indicated by the first and second values described above is only an example, and the bandwidth information indicated by the first value and the second value may be changed.
  • Other information on the 2-A 11bd frame may be configured and transmitted as follows through a 4 bit field.
  • the 11bd device configures a 4 bit rate field based on the bandwidth and can transmit/instruct information on 11bd frame transmission.
  • information included in the 4 bit rate field may be configured as shown in Table 8.
  • the 4 bit rate field may include information about an encoding method, a modulation method, a coding rate, and whether DCM is applied.
  • information included in the 4 bit rate field may be configured as shown in Table 9.
  • the 4 bit rate field may include information about an encoding method, a modulation method, and an encoding rate.
  • the 11bd device may configure information indicated (or indicated) through a 4 bit rate field based on bandwidth.
  • the 11bd device may indicate (or transmit) information on the 11bd frame by using the rate field and the reserved bit together. That is, the 11bd device may indicate information on the 11bd frame based on a total of 5 bits combining the rate field and reserved bits. According to an embodiment, DCM may be applied for lower sensitivity only when an 11bd frame is transmitted at 10 MHz.
  • the 5 bit information table may be configured as shown in Table 10. Bits 0-4 may mean rate fields and reserved bits.
  • a 5 bit information table may be configured as shown in Table 11.
  • 256 QAM for high throughput can be used only in 20MHz transmission, which is a wide bandwidth transmission. Therefore, if 256QAM is not considered, a 5 bit information table may be configured as shown in Table 11.
  • a 5 bit information table may be configured as shown in Table 12.
  • a 5 bit information table may be configured as shown in Table 13.
  • 3-C Case 3-DCM is applied only to the BCC 1/2 rate, and when transmitting 20MHz, the BCC can be applied only to the mandatory data rate.
  • mandatory data rates may include BPSK+1/2, QPSK+1/2 and 16QAM+1/2.
  • a 5 bit information table may be configured as shown in Table 14.
  • a 5 bit information table may be configured as shown in Table 15.
  • the 11bd device can transmit an 11bd frame by using only LDPC.
  • the 11bd device uses LDPC, there is an effect of increasing performance at a high coding rate. Therefore, whether to apply DCM for high MCS and robust transmission can be indicated as follows by using the rate field of the L-SLG field.
  • the rate field of the L-SLG field may include information on whether DCM is applied.
  • 11bd device can reuse the indication for data rate indication of the existing BCC.
  • the 11bd device may indicate by using a rate field that does not use an indication for 256 QAM and DCM.
  • the transmission information of the 11bd frame according to the rate field value may be configured as shown in Table 16.
  • the transmission information of the 11bd frame according to the rate field value may be configured as shown in Table 17.
  • transmission information of an 11bd frame according to a rate field value when configuring transmission information of an 11bd frame according to a rate field value, except for some information, transmission information of an 11bd frame according to a rate field value may be configured. For example, except for QPSK + 3/4, which is not currently used in WLAN, transmission information of an 11bd frame according to a rate field value may be configured. For example, when the rate field is set to ⁇ 0111 ⁇ in Table 17, the rate field set to ⁇ 0111 ⁇ may indicate (or indicate) reserved.
  • Third embodiment Method for indicating (or indicating) that an 11p PPDU (or 11p frame) has been transmitted from an 11bd device
  • the receiving STA can receive the PPDU of the first type from the transmitting STA. Thereafter, the receiving STA may decode the PPDU of the first type based on the type of the transmitting STA determined by whether at least one symbol of the PPDU of the first type includes at least one extra tone. .
  • the above-described receiving STA may include an 11bd device.
  • the above-described first type of PPDU may include a legacy PPDU.
  • the legacy PPDU may include an 11p PPDU.
  • at least one symbol may include an L-SIG (or L-SIG field).
  • L-SIG or L-SIG field.
  • the receiving STA may be described through an 11bd device that is an example of the receiving STA.
  • the first type of PPDU may be described through an 11p PPDU that is an example of the first type of PPDU.
  • the at least one symbol may be described through L-SIG, which is an example of at least one symbol.
  • the 11bd device can transmit an 11p PPDU to fully support interoperability with the 11p device. For example, when an 11bd device transmits an 11bd PPDU, the 11p device cannot decode the 11bd PPDU. Therefore, the 11bd device may transmit an 11p PPDU when there is at least one 11p device nearby.
  • the 11bd device when it transmits an 11p PPDU, it may repeatedly transmit the 11p PPDU.
  • the 11bd device may repeatedly transmit the 11p PPDU based on the presence of the first type STA around the 11bd device. For example, the 11bd device may repeatedly transmit an 11p PPDU within a designated time. As another example, the 11bd device may repeatedly transmit the 11p PPDU a specified number of times.
  • the 11p PPDU may be transmitted again after a specified time (eg, SIFS, PIFS, or DIFS).
  • the second 11bd device may receive an 11p PPDU. Therefore, the second 11bd device may have a problem in which it is unknown whether the device transmitting the 11p PPDU is an 11p device or an 11bd device. Therefore, even when the 11bd device transmits the 11p PPDU, the 11p PPDU can include information indicating that the 11p PPDU has been transmitted from the 11bd device and transmit the 11p PPDU.
  • bit-4 which is a reserved bit
  • the 11bd device uses bit-4, which is a reserved bit of the L-SIG (or L-SIG field), as a second value (eg, ⁇ 1 ⁇ ) instead of the first value (eg, ⁇ 0 ⁇ ).
  • bit-4 which is a reserved bit of the L-SIG (or L-SIG field)
  • the 11p device can ignore the information of bit-4 when receiving the 11p PPDU. Therefore, even if the 11bd device changes the value of bit-4 and then sends an 11p PPDU, it may not affect the 11p device.
  • the 11bd device may indicate (or indicate) whether an 11p PPDU is transmitted from the 11bd device based on the bit-4 value. That is, bit-4 of L-SIG may include information related to whether an 11p PPDU is transmitted from an 11bd device.
  • the 11bd device receiving the 11p PPDU may determine whether the received 11p PPDU is sent by the 11bd device or the 11p device based on bit-4 in the L-SIG of the 11p PPDU. For example, the 11bd device can confirm that the received 11p PPDU is transmitted by the 11p device, based on that bit-4 is set as the first value. For another example, the 11bd device may confirm that the received 11p PPDU is transmitted from the 11bd device based on the bit-4 being set as the second value.
  • the 11bd device can determine/acquire/identify the capability (or capability information) of the device transmitting the 11p PPDU by using the reserved bit of the L-SIG included in the 11p PPDU. Therefore, the 11bd device can determine whether an 11p device exists in its vicinity.
  • the 11bd device determines that there is an 11p device in its periphery, and when transmitting a signal, can determine whether to use the 11p PPDU or the 11bd PPDU. In other words, the 11bd device may transmit a signal through one of the 11p PPDU and the 11bd PPDU based on whether or not there is an 11p device in its periphery.
  • the data field may include a service field, PSDU, tail bits and/or PAD bits.
  • the service field may be described through FIG. 28.
  • a service field may be included in a data field.
  • the service field may consist of 16 bits.
  • first 7 bits (bit-0 to bit-6) transmitted may be set to a first value (for example, ⁇ 0 ⁇ ) for scrambler initialization.
  • the remaining 9 bits (bit-7 to bit-15) may be set as reserved bits for future use.
  • the 11p device may set the 9 bits (bit-7 to bit-15) to a first value (eg, ⁇ 0 ⁇ ) and transmit an 11p PPDU. Also, another 11p device receiving the 11p PPDU may ignore the 9 bits in the 11p PPDU.
  • the 11bd device can indicate 11bd capability by using reserved 9 bits of the service field.
  • the 11bd device may transmit 11p PPDU by including information on 11bd capability in reserved 9 bits of a service field.
  • the second 11bd device receiving the 11p PPDU may confirm/determine/identify that the 11p PPDU is transmitted from the 11bd device.
  • the method of performing 11bd capability indication may be configured as follows.
  • the 11bd device can indicate that the 11p PPDU is transmitted from the 11bd device by using a sequence composed of 9 bits.
  • the 11bd device may transmit the 11bd PPDU by including information indicating that the 11p PPDU is transmitted from the 11bd device in a sequence composed of 9 bits.
  • the 11bd device may set all 9 bits, which are the reserved bits, to a second value (eg, ⁇ 1 ⁇ ) and indicate 11bd capability (11bd capability information). have.
  • the 11bd device may indicate that the 11p PPDU is transmitted from the 11bd device by using some bits of the 9 bits, which are the reserved bits.
  • the 11bd device may indicate that the 11p PPDU is transmitted from the 11bd device by using the MSB (Most Significant Bit) or LSB (Least Significant Bit).
  • the MSB or LSB for 11bd Capability indication may be configured as 1 bit or 2 bits.
  • all of the MSB for 11bd Capability indication may be set to a second value (eg, ⁇ 1 ⁇ ).
  • all LSBs for the 11bd Capability indication may be set to a second value (eg, ⁇ 1 ⁇ ).
  • 2-B-iii)-b MSB or LSB for 11bd Capability indication is only one example, and the length of MSB or LSB may be set to various lengths of 9 bits or less.
  • an example in which both MSB or LSB for 11bd Capability indication is set to a second value is one example and may be variously set.
  • MSB or LSB may be continuously set to ⁇ 1 ⁇ .
  • MSB or LSB may be set to a sequence of a specific length rather than a second value.
  • the above-described receiving STA can decode the PPDU of the first type based on the type of the transmitting STA determined by whether at least one symbol of the PPDU of the first type includes at least one extra tone. .
  • the at least one extra tone may be set to [-28, -27, 27, 28]. According to an embodiment, the at least one extra tone may be set to one of a first value and a second value. According to an embodiment, the receiving STA may check whether the average power of at least one extra tone exceeds a specified value. The receiving STA may confirm that the at least one symbol includes the at least one extra tone based on the average power of at least one extra tone exceeding a specified value.
  • the at least one extra tone may be related to the type of the transmitting STA.
  • the at least one extra tone may be related to whether the transmitting STA is one of the first type and the second type.
  • the at least one extra tone may be set based on the transmission STA being the first type.
  • the at least one extra tone may be related to whether the transmitting STA repeatedly transmits the PPDU of the first type.
  • the at least one extra tone may be set based on the transmission STA repeatedly transmitting the PPDU of the first type.
  • the receiving STA may determine the type of the transmitting STA through at least one extra tone. Accordingly, the receiving STA has an effect of confirming that the first type PPDU is a signal transmitted by the STA of the second type. In addition, the receiving STA has an effect of confirming that the first type PPDU will be repeatedly transmitted.
  • the receiving STA may determine the type of the transmitting STA through at least one extra tone. Accordingly, the receiving STA has an effect of confirming that the first type PPDU is a signal transmitted by the STA of the second type. In addition, the receiving STA has an effect of confirming that the first type PPDU will be repeatedly transmitted.
  • the 11bd device may transmit the 11p PPDU after adding at least one extra tone to the L-SIG and/or data. At least one extra tone may be set as four tones.
  • the 11bd device may transmit an 11p PPDU with a signal on tone index [-28 -27, 27 28] of L-SIG and/or Data.
  • the second 11bd device receiving the 11p PPDU may recognize/confirm that the device sending the 11p PPDU is an 11bd device when the power of the extra tone of the L-SIG and/or data exceeds a certain value (ie, threshold). have. Further, the second 11bd device may recognize/confirm that the received 11p PPDU will be repeatedly transmitted.
  • the coefficient set to the first value (eg, ⁇ 1 ⁇ ) or the second value (eg, ⁇ -1 ⁇ ) may be applied to all of the at least one extra tone (eg, 4 tone).
  • all of the at least one extra tone (eg, 4 tone) may be set to a first value (eg, ⁇ 1 ⁇ ) or a second value (eg, ⁇ -1 ⁇ ). have. Accordingly, at least one extra tone may be set to one of the first value and the second value.
  • the constant value (that is, threshold) may be used/applied/regulated/set as a value to which a certain ratio of an average power value of at least one extra tone (eg, 4 tone) is applied.
  • the predetermined value ie, threshold
  • the predetermined value may be set to a value corresponding to 70% of the average power.
  • the predetermined value ie, threshold
  • the predetermined value may be set based on various ratios.
  • the predetermined value (ie, threshold) may be used/applied/regulated/set with a value of 50% or more of the average power.
  • the 11bd device may configure/create an 11bd PPDU by including a field including information about 11bd in an 11bd PPDU.
  • the 11bd device uses the field included in the 11p PPDU to indicate/transmit information on 11bd transmission, and includes 11bd PPDU by including a field containing information on 11bd in an 11bd PPDU (or 11bd frame).
  • An example of an 11bd PPDU can be described through FIG. 29.
  • 29 shows another format of a frame according to the 802.11bd standard.
  • an auxiliary view (a) of FIG. 29 may show an example of an 11bd PPDU of 10 MHz. 29 may show an example of a 20 MHz 11bd PPDU. 29(a)/(b), the NGV-SIG may be configured as at least a part of the following fields (or information). In other words, in FIG. 29(a)/(b), the NGV-SIG may include at least one field (or information) among the following fields (or information).
  • the Format field may be configured with an information bit indicating whether a frame format for high throughput or a frame format for lower sensitivity.
  • the Format field may include information on whether the frame format is for high throughput or the frame format is for lower sensitivity.
  • the 11bd device may indicate the bandwidth at which the signal is transmitted as either 10 MHz or 20 MHz.
  • the Bandwidth field may include information about a bandwidth through which a signal is transmitted.
  • MCS Modulation and coding scheme
  • the MCS field may include information on the MCS used for 11bd PPDU transmission.
  • information on the MCS may include information on BPSK, QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM, and/or 256QAM.
  • MCS levels supported in the 802.11bd standard may be configured as shown in Table 18.
  • the 11bd device may indicate whether BCC or LDPC is used as an encoding method.
  • the coding field may include information on whether BCC or LDPC is used as an encoding method.
  • the 11bd device may indicate information regarding the guard interval based on the GI field.
  • the GI field may include information on guard interval.
  • the GI field may be set to one of a first value (eg ⁇ 0 ⁇ ) and a second value (eg ⁇ 1 ⁇ ).
  • the 11bd device may indicate two of three GIs of 1.6us, 2.4us, or 3.2us based on the GI field. For example, 1.6us and 3.2us of GI may be used. In this case, the 11bd device may set the GI field to a first value (for example, ⁇ 0 ⁇ ) when 1.6us is used as a GI. Also, when 3.2us is used as a GI, the 11bd device may set the GI field to a second value (for example, ⁇ 1 ⁇ ).
  • the Mid-amble period field may include information about a period on which the Mid-amble symbol is carried.
  • the mid-amble period can be set in two cases. For example, the mid-amble period may be set to '4 and 8'or '5 and 10'. For example, the mid-amble period may be set to '4 and 8'. In this case, when the mid-amble period is set to 4, the 11bd device may set the Mid-amble period field to a first value (for example, ⁇ 0 ⁇ ). In addition, when the mid-amble period is set to 8, the 11bd device may set the Mid-amble period field to a second value (for example, ⁇ 1 ⁇ ).
  • the 11bd device may indicate information on whether to use the extra symbol when using LDPC based on the LDPC extra symbol field.
  • the LDPC extra symbol field may include information on whether an extra symbol is used.
  • the 11bd device may indicate information on whether DCM is applied to 11bd data based on the DCM field.
  • the DCM field may include information on whether DCM is applied.
  • the Pre-FEC padding factor field may include information about the Pre-FEC padding factor.
  • the 11bd device may indicate information about whether or not the PE is clear.
  • the PE_disambiguity field may include information about whether the PE is clear.
  • the CRC field can be used for error checking of NGV-SIG.
  • Tail field 6bit
  • Tail field may be set to the same value.
  • all Tail fields may be set to a first value (eg, ⁇ 0 ⁇ ).
  • the bit size of the above-mentioned 12 fields is only an example, and the bit size may be variously set. Also, the above-described fields may be called in various terms.
  • the Format field may be called a format bit, format information, format field, or format information field.
  • NGV-SIG in the structure of the 11bd PPDU of FIG. 29 described above may be transmitted using the same tone plan as L-SIG. Also, in order to transmit more information, an extra 4 tone may be added to the L-SIG and transmitted.
  • the 11bd device can add an extra 4 tone to the NGV-SIG and transmit an 11bd PPDU.
  • an extra 4 tone added may be used for channel estimation for a data tone.
  • the extra 4 tone may be transmitted with the same power as the power carried on the L-LTF tone.
  • the index of the extra 4 tone carried on the NGV-SIG may be composed of [-28 -27 27 28].
  • the coefficient of the extra 4 tone can be variously configured.
  • the coefficient of the extra 4 tone may be composed of one of [-1, -1, -1, 1] and [1, 1, -1, -1].
  • 30 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the transmitting STA.
  • the transmitting STA may generate a first type of PPDU.
  • the transmitting STA may include a first type of PPDU and a second.
  • a PPDU of a type may be supported
  • the first type of PPDU may include a legacy PPDU
  • the legacy PPDU may include a PPDU according to the 801.11p standard
  • the second type of PPDU is NGV (Next Generation) Vehicular network) PPDU
  • the NGV PPDU may include a PPDU according to the 802.11bd standard.
  • the transmitting STA may include a second type of STA.
  • the second type of STA may include an STA supporting both the first type of PPDU and the second type of PPDU.
  • the first type of STA may include an STA supporting only the first type of PPDU among the first type of PPDU and the second type of PPDU.
  • the STA of the first type may include an STA that supports only a PPDU according to the 802.11p standard among PPDUs according to the 802.11p standard and PPDUs according to the 802.11bd standard.
  • the first type of STA may include an STA that supports only the 802.11p standard among 802.11p standards and 802.11bd standards.
  • the STA of the second type may include an STA supporting both PPDUs according to the 802.11p standard and PPDUs according to the 802.11bd standard.
  • the second type of STA may include an STA supporting both the 802.11p standard and the 802.11bd standard.
  • the transmitting STA may determine whether a first type STA exists around the transmitting STA before generating the first type PPDU.
  • the transmitting STA may generate and transmit one of the first type PPDU and the second type PPDU based on the presence or absence of the first type STA around the transmitting STA.
  • the transmitting STA may generate and transmit the first type PPDU based on the presence of the first type STA around the transmitting STA.
  • the transmitting STA may generate and transmit the second type of PPDU based on the absence of the first type of STA around the transmitting STA.
  • the transmitting STA may generate and transmit the second type PPDU based on the existence of only the second type STA around the transmitting STA.
  • the transmitting STA may determine whether to repeatedly transmit the PPDU of the first type based on the presence or absence of the first type of STA around the transmitting STA. For example, the transmitting STA may repeatedly transmit the PPDU of the first type based on the presence of the first type of STA around the transmitting STA. As an example, the transmitting STA may repeatedly transmit the PPDU of the first type within a specified time. As another example, the transmitting STA may repeatedly transmit the PPDU of the first type a specified number of times. The PPDU of the first type may be transmitted again after a specified time (eg, SIFS, PIFS, or DIFS).
  • a specified time eg, SIFS, PIFS, or DIFS.
  • the PPDU of the first type may include at least one symbol.
  • the at least one symbol may include an L-SIG field.
  • the at least one symbol may include an NGV-SIG field.
  • the at least one symbol may include at least one extra tone.
  • the at least one extra tone may be set to [-28, -27, 27, 28].
  • the at least one extra tone may be set to one of a first value and a second value.
  • the at least one extra tone can be set to only the first value (eg, ⁇ 1 ⁇ ).
  • the at least one extra tone may be set only as a second value (eg, ⁇ -1 ⁇ ).
  • the at least one extra tone may be set to a value that minimizes PAPR.
  • the at least one extra tone may be related to the type of the transmitting STA.
  • the at least one extra tone may be related to whether the transmitting STA is one of the first type and the second type.
  • the at least one extra tone may be set based on the transmission STA being the first type.
  • the at least one extra tone may be related to whether the transmitting STA repeatedly transmits the PPDU of the first type.
  • the at least one extra tone may be set based on the transmission STA repeatedly transmitting the PPDU of the first type.
  • the transmitting STA may transmit the generated PPDU of the first type.
  • the transmitting STA may transmit the PPDU of the first type by broadcasting or unicasting the PPDU of the first type.
  • the first type of STA and the second type of STA may both check/identify/receive the first type of PPDU.
  • 31 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the receiving STA.
  • the receiving STA transmits a PPDU of the first type from the transmitting STA (eg, STAs 110 and 120 of FIG. 1).
  • the receiving STA may support the first type PPDU and the second type PPDU
  • the first type PPDU may include a legacy PPDU
  • the legacy PPDU is a PPDU according to the 801.11p standard
  • the second type of PPDU may include a Next Generation Vehicular network (NGV) PPDU
  • the NGV PPDU may include a PPDU according to the 802.11bd standard.
  • the receiving STA may decode the PPDU of the first type. Specifically, the receiving STA decodes the PPDU of the first type based on the type of the transmitting STA determined by whether at least one symbol of the PPDU of the first type includes at least one extra tone. Can.
  • the PPDU of the first type may include at least one symbol.
  • the at least one symbol may include an L-SIG field.
  • the at least one symbol may include an NGV-SIG field.
  • the at least one symbol may include at least one extra tone.
  • the at least one extra tone may be set to [-28, -27, 27, 28].
  • the at least one extra tone may be set to one of a first value and a second value.
  • the at least one extra tone can be set to only the first value (eg, ⁇ 1 ⁇ ).
  • the at least one extra tone may be set only as a second value (eg, ⁇ -1 ⁇ ).
  • the at least one extra tone may be set to a value that minimizes PAPR.
  • the receiving STA may check whether the average power of the at least one extra tone exceeds a specified value.
  • the receiving STA may determine whether at least one symbol includes at least one extra tone based on the average power of at least one extra tone exceeding a certain value (ie, threshold).
  • a certain value that is, a threshold
  • the constant value ie, threshold
  • the constant value may be set to a value corresponding to 70% of the average power. This is only an example, and various ratios can be set.
  • the constant value (ie, threshold) may be used/applied/regulated/set to a value of 50% or more of the average power.
  • the receiving STA may determine the type of the transmitting STA based on the PPDU of the first type. For example, the type of the transmitting STA may be determined based on at least one symbol of the PPDU of the first type. For example, the type of the transmitting STA may be determined based on whether at least one symbol of the PPDU of the first type includes at least one extra tone.
  • the type of the transmitting STA may be used in various meanings.
  • the type of the transmitting STA may mean one of the first type STA and the second type STA.
  • the second type of STA may include an STA supporting both the first type of PPDU and the second type of PPDU.
  • the first type of STA may include an STA supporting only the first type of PPDU among the first type of PPDU and the second type of PPDU.
  • the receiving STA may determine that the transmitting STA is of the second type based on the at least one symbol including the at least one extra tone. Therefore, the receiving STA can confirm that the transmitting STA that has transmitted the first type PPDU is the second type STA. As another example, the receiving STA may determine that the transmitting STA is the first type on the basis that the at least one symbol does not include the at least one extra tone. Therefore, the receiving STA can confirm that the transmitting STA that has transmitted the first type PPDU is the first type STA.
  • the type of the transmitting STA may mean the type of the STA repeatedly transmitting the PPDU of the first type.
  • the receiving STA may determine that the transmitting STA is a STA that repeatedly transmits the PPDU of the first type based on the at least one symbol including the at least one extra tone. Therefore, the receiving STA can confirm that the PPDU of the same first type will be received again after the received first type of PPDU.
  • the receiving STA may determine that the transmitting STA is a STA that does not repeatedly transmit the PPDU of the first type based on the at least one symbol not including the at least one extra tone. Therefore, the receiving STA can confirm that, after the received first type of PPDU, the same first type of PPDU will no longer be received.
  • the receiving STA may decode the PPDU of the first type based on the type of the transmitting STA.
  • the receiving STA may decode the PPDU of the first type based on the type of the transmitting STA is the first type.
  • the receiving STA may confirm that the PPDU of the first type will not be repeatedly transmitted based on that the transmitting STA is the first type. Therefore, the receiving STA can decode only the received first type of PPDU.
  • the receiving STA may confirm that the PPDU of the first type will be repeatedly transmitted based on that the transmitting STA is the second type. Accordingly, the receiving STA may store the received first type PPDU in a buffer. Thereafter, the receiving STA may again receive the PPDU of the first type identical to the received PPDU of the first type.
  • the receiving STA may aggregate the first type of PPDU (PPDU-1) received first and the first type of PPDU (PPDU-2) received later.
  • the receiving STA may aggregate PPDU-1 and PPDU-2, and then decode the first type of PPDU. Therefore, the receiving STA has an effect of increasing reliability for the first PPDU by aggregating PPDU-1 and PPDU-2.
  • the receiving STA has described that the same PPDU is received twice and aggregates it, but the number of times the PPDU is repeatedly received may be variously set.
  • the technical features of the present specification described above can be applied to various devices and methods.
  • the technical features of the present specification described above may be performed/supported through the apparatus of FIGS. 1 and/or 19.
  • the technical features of the present specification described above may be applied only to a part of FIGS. 1 and/or 19.
  • the technical features of the present specification described above may be implemented based on the processing chips 114 and 124 of FIG. 1, or may be implemented based on the processors 111 and 121 and the memories 112 and 122 of FIG. 1. , It may be implemented based on the processor 610 and the memory 620 of FIG. 19.
  • the apparatus of the present specification includes a memory and a processor operatively coupled to the memory, and the processor transmits a physical protocol data unit (PPDU) of the first type STA Decoding the PPDU of the first type based on the type of the transmitting STA obtained from, and determined by whether at least one symbol of the PPDU of the first type includes at least one extra tone Can be set.
  • PPDU physical protocol data unit
  • the CRM proposed by the present specification includes: receiving a first type of Physical Protocol Data Unit (PPDU) from a transmitting STA; And decoding the PPDU of the first type based on the type of the transmitting STA determined by whether at least one symbol of the PPDU of the first type includes at least one extra tone.
  • Instructions for performing an operation including the operation may be stored.
  • the instructions stored in the CRM of the present specification may be executed by at least one processor.
  • At least one processor related to the CRM of the present specification may be the processor 111 or 121 of FIG. 1 or the processing chips 114 or 124 or the processor 610 of FIG. 19.
  • the CRM of the present specification may be the memory 112 and 122 of FIG. 1, the memory 620 of FIG. 19, or a separate external memory/storage medium/disk.
  • the technical features of the present specification described above can be applied to various applications or business models.
  • the UE, Terminal, STA, Transmitter, Receiver, Processor, and/or Transceiver described herein may be applied to a vehicle supporting autonomous driving or a conventional vehicle supporting autonomous driving.
  • Vehicles or autonomous vehicles can be implemented as mobile robots, vehicles, trains, aerial vehicles (AVs), ships, and the like.
  • the memory unit 3230 illustrated in FIG. 32 may be included in the memories 112 and 122 illustrated in FIG. 1.
  • the communication unit 3210 illustrated in FIG. 32 may be included in the transceivers 113 and 123 and/or the processors 111 and 121 illustrated in FIG. 1.
  • the remaining devices illustrated in FIG. 32 may be included in the processors 111 and 121 illustrated in FIG. 1.
  • a vehicle or an autonomous vehicle 3200 includes an antenna unit 3208, a communication unit 3210, a control unit 3220, a memory unit 3230, a driving unit 3240a, a power supply unit 3240b, and a sensor unit 3240c and/or an autonomous driving unit 3240d.
  • the antenna unit 3208 may be configured as part of the communication unit 3210.
  • the communication unit 3210 may transmit and receive signals (eg, data, control signals, etc.) with external devices such as other vehicles, base stations (e.g. base stations, road side units, etc.) and servers.
  • the control unit 3220 may perform various operations by controlling elements of the vehicle or the autonomous vehicle 3200.
  • the control unit 3220 may include an electronic control unit (ECU).
  • the driving unit 3240a may cause the vehicle or the autonomous vehicle 3200 to travel on the ground.
  • the driving unit 3240a may include an engine, a motor, a power train, wheels, brakes, and steering devices.
  • the power supply unit 3240b supplies power to the vehicle or the autonomous vehicle 3200, and may include a wire/wireless charging circuit, a battery, and the like.
  • the sensor unit 3240c may obtain vehicle status, surrounding environment information, user information, and the like.
  • the sensor unit 3240c includes an inertial measurement unit (IMU) sensor, a collision sensor, a wheel sensor, a speed sensor, a tilt sensor, a weight sensor, a heading sensor, a position module, and a vehicle forward /Reverse sensor, battery sensor, fuel sensor, tire sensor, steering sensor, temperature sensor, humidity sensor, ultrasonic sensor, illumination sensor, pedal position sensor, and the like.
  • the autonomous driving unit 3240d maintains a driving lane, automatically adjusts speed, such as adaptive cruise control, and automatically moves along a predetermined route, and automatically sets a route when a destination is set. Technology, etc. can be implemented.
  • the communication unit 3210 may receive map data, traffic information data, and the like from an external server.
  • the autonomous driving unit 3240d may generate an autonomous driving route and a driving plan based on the acquired data.
  • the controller 3220 may control the driving unit 3240a such that the vehicle or the autonomous vehicle 3200 moves along the autonomous driving path according to a driving plan (eg, speed/direction adjustment).
  • a driving plan eg, speed/direction adjustment
  • the communication unit 3210 may acquire the latest traffic information data from an external server non-periodically, and may acquire surrounding traffic information data from nearby vehicles.
  • the sensor unit 3240c may acquire vehicle status and surrounding environment information.
  • the autonomous driving unit 3240d may update the autonomous driving route and driving plan based on newly acquired data/information.
  • the communication unit 3210 may transmit information regarding a vehicle location, autonomous driving route, driving plan, and the like to an external server.
  • the external server may predict traffic information data in advance using AI technology or the like, based on the information collected from the vehicle or autonomous vehicles, and provide the predicted traffic information data to the vehicle or autonomous vehicles.
  • An example of this specification includes the example of FIG. 33 described below.
  • Vehicles can also be implemented as vehicles, trains, aircraft, ships, and the like.
  • the vehicle 3200 may include a communication unit 3210, a control unit 3220, a memory unit 3230, an input/output unit 3240e, and a position measurement unit 3240f.
  • a communication unit 3210 may include a communication unit 3210, a control unit 3220, a memory unit 3230, an input/output unit 3240e, and a position measurement unit 3240f.
  • Each block/unit/device shown in FIG. 33 may be the same as the block/unit/device shown in FIG. 32.
  • the communication unit 3210 may transmit and receive signals (eg, data, control signals, etc.) with other vehicles or external devices such as a base station.
  • the control unit 3220 may control various components of the vehicle 3200 to perform various operations.
  • the memory unit 3230 may store data/parameters/programs/codes/commands supporting various functions of the vehicle 3200.
  • the input/output unit 3240e may output an AR/VR object based on information in the memory unit 3230.
  • the input/output unit 3240e may include an HUD.
  • the location measurement unit 3240f may acquire location information of the vehicle 3200.
  • the location information may include absolute location information of the vehicle 3200, location information within the driving line, acceleration information, location information with surrounding vehicles, and the like.
  • the position measurement unit 3240f may include GPS and various sensors.
  • the communication unit 3210 of the vehicle 3200 may receive map information, traffic information, and the like from an external server and store them in the memory unit 3230.
  • the location measurement unit 3240f may acquire vehicle location information through GPS and various sensors and store the location information in the memory unit 3230.
  • the controller 3220 generates a virtual object based on map information, traffic information, and vehicle location information, and the input/output unit 3240e may display the generated virtual object on a window in the vehicle (3310, 3320).
  • the control unit 3220 may determine whether the vehicle 3200 is normally operating in a driving line based on vehicle location information. When the vehicle 3200 deviates abnormally from the driving line, the controller 3220 may display a warning on the glass window in the vehicle through the input/output unit 3240e.
  • control unit 3220 may broadcast a warning message about driving abnormalities to nearby vehicles through the communication unit 3210. Depending on the situation, the control unit 3220 may transmit the location information of the vehicle and the information on the driving/vehicle abnormality to the related organization through the communication unit 3210.
  • the above-described technical features may be applied for wireless communication in a device supporting artificial intelligence (AI).
  • AI artificial intelligence
  • Machine learning refers to the field of studying the methodology to define and solve various problems in the field of artificial intelligence. do.
  • Machine learning is defined as an algorithm that improves the performance of a job through constant experience.
  • An artificial neural network is a model used in machine learning, and may refer to an overall model having a problem-solving ability, composed of artificial neurons (nodes) forming a network through synaptic coupling.
  • An artificial neural network may be defined by a connection pattern between neurons in different layers, a learning process for updating model parameters, and an activation function that generates output values.
  • the artificial neural network may include an input layer, an output layer, and optionally one or more hidden layers. Each layer contains one or more neurons, and the artificial neural network can include neurons and synapses connecting neurons. In an artificial neural network, each neuron may output a function value of an input function input through a synapse, a weight, and an active function for bias.
  • the model parameter means a parameter determined through learning, and includes weights of synaptic connections and bias of neurons.
  • the hyperparameter means a parameter that must be set before learning in the machine learning algorithm, and includes learning rate, number of iterations, mini-batch size, initialization function, and the like.
  • the purpose of learning an artificial neural network can be seen as determining model parameters that minimize the loss function.
  • the loss function can be used as an index to determine an optimal model parameter in the learning process of an artificial neural network.
  • Machine learning can be classified into supervised learning, unsupervised learning, and reinforcement learning according to the learning method.
  • Supervised learning refers to a method of training an artificial neural network while a label for training data is given, and a label is a correct answer (or a result value) that the artificial neural network must infer when the training data is input to the artificial neural network.
  • Unsupervised learning may refer to a method of training an artificial neural network without a label for learning data.
  • Reinforcement learning may mean a learning method in which an agent defined in a certain environment is trained to select an action or a sequence of actions to maximize cumulative reward in each state.
  • Machine learning which is implemented as a deep neural network (DNN) that includes a plurality of hidden layers among artificial neural networks, is also referred to as deep learning (deep learning), and deep learning is a part of machine learning.
  • DNN deep neural network
  • machine learning is used to mean deep learning.
  • a robot can mean a machine that automatically handles or acts on tasks given by its own capabilities.
  • a robot having a function of recognizing the environment and determining an operation by itself can be referred to as an intelligent robot.
  • Robots can be classified into industrial, medical, household, military, etc. according to the purpose or field of use.
  • the robot may be provided with a driving unit including an actuator or a motor to perform various physical operations such as moving a robot joint.
  • the movable robot includes a wheel, a brake, a propeller, and the like in the driving unit, so that it can travel on the ground or fly in the air through the driving unit.
  • Augmented reality refers to virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), and mixed reality (MR).
  • VR technology provides objects or backgrounds in the real world only as CG images
  • AR technology provides CG images made virtually on real objects
  • MR technology is a computer that mixes and combines virtual objects in the real world. It is a graphics technology.
  • MR technology is similar to AR technology in that it shows both real and virtual objects.
  • a virtual object is used as a complement to a real object, whereas in MR technology, there is a difference in that a virtual object and a real object are used with equal characteristics.
  • HMD Head-Mount Display
  • HUD Head-Up Display
  • mobile phone tablet PC, laptop, desktop, TV, digital signage, etc. It can be called.

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  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
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Abstract

Selon un mode de réalisation, la présente invention concerne une technique pour identifier un paquet de réseau local sans fil (WLAN). Une station (STA) de réception peut recevoir une PPDU de premier type à partir d'une station de transmission. Ensuite, la station de réception peut déterminer si au moins un symbole de la PPDU de premier type comprend au moins une tonalité supplémentaire. La station de réception peut déterminer un type de la station de transmission sur la base de la/des tonalité(s) supplémentaire(s). La station de réception peut décoder la PPDU de premier type sur la base du type de la station de transmission.
PCT/KR2020/001182 2019-01-28 2020-01-23 Procédé et appareil d'identification de paquet dans un système de communication sans fil WO2020159163A1 (fr)

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KR20190010744 2019-01-28
KR10-2019-0010744 2019-01-28
KR20190053307 2019-05-07
KR10-2019-0053307 2019-05-07

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