WO2020155493A1 - 一种反渗透浓缩水深度处理方法与设备 - Google Patents

一种反渗透浓缩水深度处理方法与设备 Download PDF

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WO2020155493A1
WO2020155493A1 PCT/CN2019/089362 CN2019089362W WO2020155493A1 WO 2020155493 A1 WO2020155493 A1 WO 2020155493A1 CN 2019089362 W CN2019089362 W CN 2019089362W WO 2020155493 A1 WO2020155493 A1 WO 2020155493A1
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ozone
concentrated water
reverse osmosis
water
osmosis concentrated
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PCT/CN2019/089362
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English (en)
French (fr)
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胡洪营
吴乾元
吴光学
徐子斌
黄南
梁凯
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清华大学深圳研究生院
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
    • C02F1/725—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation by catalytic oxidation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
    • C02F1/76—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation with halogens or compounds of halogens
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
    • C02F1/78—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation with ozone
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
    • C02F11/02—Biological treatment
    • C02F11/04—Anaerobic treatment; Production of methane by such processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
    • C02F2209/21—Dissolved organic carbon [DOC]
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
    • C02F2209/23—O3
    • C02F2209/235—O3 in the gas phase
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2305/00—Use of specific compounds during water treatment
    • C02F2305/02—Specific form of oxidant
    • C02F2305/023—Reactive oxygen species, singlet oxygen, OH radical
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2305/00—Use of specific compounds during water treatment
    • C02F2305/02—Specific form of oxidant
    • C02F2305/026—Fenton's reagent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
    • C02F3/12—Activated sludge processes
    • C02F3/1205—Particular type of activated sludge processes
    • C02F3/1215—Combinations of activated sludge treatment with precipitation, flocculation, coagulation and separation of phosphates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
    • C02F3/12—Activated sludge processes
    • C02F3/1236—Particular type of activated sludge installations
    • C02F3/1263—Sequencing batch reactors [SBR]
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
    • C02F3/301—Aerobic and anaerobic treatment in the same reactor
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
    • C02F3/302—Nitrification and denitrification treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
    • C02F3/322—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae use of algae
    • C02F3/325—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae use of algae as symbiotic combination of algae and bacteria
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of advanced sewage treatment, in particular to a method and equipment for advanced treatment of reverse osmosis concentrated water.
  • Reverse osmosis technology exerts pressure on the reverse osmosis membrane, and by virtue of the retention effect of the reverse osmosis membrane, it can effectively remove pollutants such as salts, colloids, bacteria, viruses and most organics in the water.
  • This technology has the advantages of excellent and stable effluent water quality, simple equipment operation, high degree of automation, and small footprint.
  • the reverse osmosis technology will produce about 25% of reverse osmosis concentrated water during operation.
  • Reverse osmosis concentrated water has many types of pollutants, high concentration, high salt content, poor biodegradability, and high biological toxicity. It needs urgent attention.
  • the concentration of chemical oxygen demand, total nitrogen and total phosphorus of reverse osmosis concentrated water is much higher than the discharge standard.
  • the treatment methods for reverse osmosis concentrated water in actual projects include intermediate treatment, recycling treatment, off-site discharge treatment, and direct discharge treatment, but they cannot be effectively treated, resulting in a large amount of reverse osmosis concentrated water entering the water body. It causes aggravation of water pollution, which in turn poses a threat to human life. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a treatment method for reverse osmosis concentrated water.
  • the invention mainly aims at the requirement of reverse osmosis concentrated water decarburization, nitrogen and phosphorus removal, and aims at saving treatment cost and improving treatment efficiency and stability, and provides a reverse osmosis concentrated water advanced treatment method and equipment.
  • An advanced treatment method for reverse osmosis concentrated water including the following steps:
  • ferrous salt is added to the reverse osmosis concentrated water entering the ozone tower, and the mixing reaction is carried out under the action of ozone aeration and stirring, in which ozone and ferrous ions synergistically generate hydroxyl radicals in order to make some organic substances effective Removal, the organic phosphorus in the remaining organic matter is converted into phosphate, and the ferrous ions in the water react with ozone and oxygen to generate iron ions.
  • the generated iron ions remove phosphates in the water through flocculation and reduce the dissolved oxygen in the water; preferably, Chloramine is also added to the reverse osmosis concentrated water, preferably, monochloramine is added directly, or hypochlorite and ammonia nitrogen in the concentrated water are added to generate chloramine, or hypochlorite and ammonium chloride are added to generate chloramine to strengthen ozone Oxidation, in which the combination of ozone and chloramine synergistically produces hydroxyl radicals, chlorine free radicals and nitrogen free radicals in order to effectively remove organic matter;
  • the effluent of the ozone tower enters the SBR reactor, where a carbon source is added, and anoxic denitrification is performed under stirring conditions to remove nitrate and some organic matter in the concentrated water.
  • the carbon source strengthens the reaction
  • the nitrification process is to achieve the denitrification of concentrated water.
  • iron-based coagulant is added, and the aeration device is aerated with aerobic stirring to strengthen chemical phosphorus removal and biological removal of organic matter.
  • the addition of iron-based coagulant can promote denitrification electron transfer and increase the denitrification reaction rate.
  • the method further includes the following steps:
  • the effluent of the SBR reactor enters the microalgae wetland system to perform deep denitrification and dephosphorization of the reverse osmosis concentrated water; the upper layer of the microalgae wetland system cultivates microalgae and plants, and the middle layer is provided with a fiber filter to filter the algae;
  • the effluent of the SBR/iron flocculation system enters the microalgae wetland system, and under the joint action of microorganisms, microalgae and preferably increased plants, the decarbonization, denitrification and phosphorus removal of reverse osmosis concentrated water is realized; preferably, microalgae species Select salt-alkali-resistant microalgae to deposit inorganic salts in the reverse osmosis concentrated water when flowing through the algae, thereby removing the concentrated water TDS; preferably, a fiber filter is placed in the wetland to filter the microalgae in the upper water and accumulate Then
  • a reverse osmosis concentrated water advanced treatment equipment including:
  • the catalytic ozone oxidation system includes an ozone tower, an ozone oxidation dosing device, a stirrer and an ozone supplier; reverse osmosis concentrated water is injected into the ozone tower, and the ozone oxidation dosing device is directed to the ozone tower Ferrous salt is added to the ozone, the ozone supplier is used to provide ozone for aeration, the mixing reaction is carried out under the stirring effect of the stirrer, and the reacted water is discharged from the ozone tower, wherein the ozone and ferrous ions cooperate to produce hydroxyl Free radicals in order to effectively remove some organic matter.
  • the organic phosphorus in the remaining organic matter is converted into phosphate, and the ferrous ion in the water reacts with ozone and oxygen to generate iron ions.
  • the resulting iron ions remove phosphates in the water through flocculation, and Reduce dissolved oxygen in water;
  • the SBR/iron flocculation system includes an SBR reactor, aeration device, SBR/iron flocculation dosing device and agitator; the effluent of the ozone tower enters the SBR reactor for SBR/iron Flocculation treatment, and the SBR/iron flocculation dosing device adds a carbon source to the SBR reactor, performs anoxic denitrification under agitation, and removes nitrate and some organic matter in the concentrated water.
  • the carbon source is strengthened
  • the denitrification process is to realize the denitrification of concentrated water.
  • the SBR/iron flocculation dosing device is added with iron-based coagulant, and the aeration device is aerated and aerobic stirring is carried out to strengthen chemical removal. Phosphorus and biological removal of organic matter.
  • the addition of iron-based coagulant can promote denitrification electron transfer and increase the denitrification reaction rate.
  • the ozone oxidation dosing device also adds chloramine to the ozone tower.
  • chloramine Preferably, monochloramine is added directly, or hypochlorite and ammonia nitrogen in concentrated water are added to generate chloramine, or hypochlorite and chlorinated Ammonium generates chloramine to strengthen ozone oxidation.
  • the combination of ozone and chloramine synergistically produces hydroxyl radicals, chlorine free radicals and nitrogen free radicals to effectively remove organics; more preferably, the dosage of chloramine is ozone in water 0.5-1 times the amount, dosing method is dosing before ozone input, or during or after ozone input.
  • the catalytic ozone oxidation system also includes an inlet water UV detector, an outlet UV detector, an ozone flow meter, and an ozone concentration detector.
  • the reverse osmosis concentrated water enters the ozone tower through the inlet UV detector, and UV 254 and UV are measured. 280 value to reflect the content of organic matter in reverse osmosis concentrated water to determine the dosage of ozone, ferrous salt, chloramine, or hypochlorite, etc.
  • the effluent UV detector detects the content of organic matter in the water, and feedback and adjusts the ozone , Ferrous salt, chloramine, or hypochlorite, etc., the ozone concentration detector and the ozone flow meter monitor the ozone inlet concentration, outlet gas concentration, and ozone gas flow rate during the oxidation Need to control the dosage of ozone.
  • the SBR/iron flocculation system also includes an oxygen flow meter, a heating device, and a timer.
  • the flow meter is used to monitor the aeration oxygen flow rate.
  • the heating device is used to heat the SBR reactor to provide a reaction temperature environment.
  • the water in and out of the SBR reactor is controlled by the timer to control the peristaltic pump.
  • the exogenous carbon source is sodium acetate.
  • the catalytic ozone oxidation system further includes an inlet pump and an outlet pump for the ozone tower, and the SBR/iron flocculation system further includes an inlet pump and an outlet pump for the SBR reactor.
  • the effluent of the SBR/iron flocculation system enters the microalgae wetland system to perform deep denitrification and phosphorus removal of reverse osmosis concentrated water; the upper layer of the microalgae wetland system cultivates microalgae and plants , The middle layer is provided with fiber filter material to filter algae, preferably, the lower layer is provided with a water collection system; the effluent of the SBR/iron flocculation system enters the microalgae wetland system, and the combined effect of microorganisms, microalgae and preferably increased plants Decarbonization, denitrification and phosphorus removal of reverse osmosis concentrated water is realized under the following conditions; preferably, the microalgae species selects salt-tolerant microalgae, so that inorganic salts in reverse osmosis concentrated water are deposited when flowing through the algae species, thereby removing the concentrated water
  • the invention can effectively and deeply remove organic matter, nitrate nitrogen and phosphate in reverse osmosis concentrated water, and has the advantages of low cost, good effect, stable effluent and the like.
  • the invention adopts catalytic ozone oxidation-SBR/iron flocculation to deeply remove organic matter, nitrate nitrogen and phosphate in reverse osmosis concentrated water.
  • catalytic ozone oxidation ozone/chloramine, ozone/ferrous ion, ozone/chloramine/ferrous ion
  • the refractory organic matter in the concentrated water is removed, the biodegradability is improved, and the organic phosphorus is converted into Phosphate
  • the ferrous ion in the water reacts with ozone and oxygen to generate iron ions, and the generated iron ions remove phosphate in the water through flocculation
  • the reaction of ferrous ions with ozone and oxygen can also reduce the dissolved oxygen in the water and improve the subsequent biological The efficiency of denitrification technology.
  • the oxidized reverse osmosis concentrated water passes through the SBR/iron flocculation link, and the denitrification process is strengthened under the addition of an external carbon source to realize the denitrification of the concentrated water, while further removing the organic matter in the reverse osmosis concentrated water; at the same time, adding iron after the anoxic reaction Based on coagulant, aeration and aerobic stirring are carried out through an aeration device to strengthen chemical phosphorus removal and biological removal of organic matter.
  • the addition of iron-based coagulant can promote denitrification electron transfer and increase the denitrification reaction rate.
  • the present invention adopts a catalytic ozone oxidation-SBR/iron flocculation-microalgae wetland system, and the SBR/iron flocculation effluent enters the microalgae wetland system, which can perform deep denitrification and dephosphorization of reverse osmosis concentrated water.
  • the advantages of the embodiments of the present invention are: (1) The catalytic ozone oxidation-SBR/iron flocculation-microalgae wetland system is organically combined to achieve the goal of decarbonization, nitrogen and phosphorus removal; (2) ozone and ferrous ions can be produced synergistically The combination of hydroxyl radicals, ozone and chloramines can synergistically generate hydroxyl radicals, chlorine free radicals and nitrogen free radicals to strengthen the removal of organic matter. (3) Catalytic ozonation of incoming and outgoing water to measure UV 254 and UV 280 on-line , indicating the effect of organic matter removal, and feedback ozone dosage.
  • the iron oxide produced by the reaction of ferrous ions with ozone/oxygen and the iron oxide produced by the reaction of iron coagulant can promote electron transfer in the denitrification process and improve the efficiency of denitrification and denitrification.
  • the combination of algae and constructed wetland can deeply remove the refractory organic matter, nitrogen and phosphorus and inorganic salt in the reverse osmosis concentrated water.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the equipment composition of the catalytic ozone oxidation-SBR/iron flocculation-microalgae wetland system in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a reverse osmosis concentrated water catalytic ozone oxidation system in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a reverse osmosis concentrated water SBR/iron flocculation system in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a reverse osmosis concentrated water microalgae wetland system in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figures 5a-5b are diagrams showing the removal effect of organic matter after ozone/ferrous oxidation of reverse osmosis concentrated water in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 6a-6d are diagrams of the removal effect of nitrogen after the treatment of reverse osmosis concentrated water SBR/iron flocculation technology in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figures 7a-7b are diagrams of the removal effect of total nitrogen and phosphorus after the reverse osmosis concentrated water microalgae/constructed wetland treatment in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a reverse osmosis concentrated water advanced treatment equipment includes a catalytic ozone oxidation system and an SBR/iron flocculation system.
  • the catalytic ozone oxidation system includes an ozone tower 7, an ozone oxidation dosing device 1, a first stirrer 5, and an ozone supplier 2; reverse osmosis concentrated water is injected into the ozone tower 7, and the ozone oxidation dosing device 1 Ferrous salt is added to the ozone tower 7, the ozone supplier 2 is used to provide ozone, aeration is carried out through the aeration head, the mixing reaction is carried out under the stirring action of the first agitator 5, and the reacted water is discharged
  • the ozone tower 7, in which ozone and ferrous ions synergistically generate hydroxyl radicals to effectively remove some organics, the remaining organics are converted to phosphates, and the ferrous ions in the water react with ozone and oxygen to generate iron ions , The generated iron ions remove phosphates in the water through flocculation and reduce the dissolved oxygen in the water;
  • the SBR/iron flocculation system includes an SBR reactor 17, an aeration device 15, an SBR/iron flocculation dosing device 14 and a second agitator 18; the effluent of the ozone tower 7 enters the SBR reactor 17 for SBR /Iron flocculation treatment, and the SBR/iron flocculation dosing device 14 adds a carbon source to the SBR reactor 17, performs anoxic denitrification under agitation, and removes nitrate and some organic matter in the concentrated water. The carbon source strengthens the denitrification process to achieve the denitrification of concentrated water.
  • the SBR/iron flocculation dosing device 14 is added with iron-based coagulant, and the aeration device 15 is aerated for aerobic Reaction to strengthen phosphorus removal; the iron-based coagulant added at the same time can promote the electron transfer of anoxic denitrification and improve the efficiency of denitrification and denitrification.
  • the ozone oxidation dosing device 1 also adds chloramine to the ozone tower 7 to enhance ozone oxidation, wherein the combination of ozone and chloramine synergistically produces hydroxyl radicals, chlorine radicals and nitrogen radicals , In order to effectively remove organic matter.
  • Chloramine can be added directly by adding monochloramine, or adding hypochlorite and ammonia nitrogen in concentrated water to generate chloramine, or adding hypochlorite and ammonium chloride to generate chloramine.
  • the comparison experiment verified that for the toxic and harmful antibacterial agent in reverse osmosis concentrated water, the removal rate of monochloramine alone is 0, and the removal rate of pure ozone oxidation on the antibacterial agent Only 20-35%, the ozone/monochloramine combination can remove the antibacterial agent as high as 60-80%. This indicates that the ozone/monochloramine combination has a synergistic strengthening effect.
  • hypochlorite when ammonia nitrogen in the water>1.4mg/L, only hypochlorite is added to the water.
  • the dosage of hypochlorite is 3 to 6 times the value of ammonia nitrogen according to the actual situation. >5mg/L ozone.
  • ammonia nitrogen in the water is less than 1.4 mg/L
  • ammonium chloride and hypochlorite are added to the water with a molar ratio ranging from 0.5 to 3 times, and then ozone greater than 5 mg/L is introduced according to the water quality.
  • the dosage of chloramine is 0.5-1 times the dosage of ozone in water.
  • the timing of dosing can be dosing before ozone input, or during or after ozone input.
  • the catalytic ozone oxidation system further includes an inlet water ultraviolet detector 9, an outlet water ultraviolet detector 8, an ozone flow meter 3, and ozone concentration detectors 4, 6.
  • the reverse osmosis concentrated water passes through
  • the influent UV detector 9 enters the ozone tower 7, and the UV 254 and UV 280 values are measured to reflect the content of organic matter in the reverse osmosis concentrated water, thereby determining the content of ozone, ferrous salt, chloramine, or hypochlorite, etc.
  • the effluent ultraviolet detector 8 detects the content of organic matter in the water, feedbacks and adjusts the dosing amount of ozone, ferrous salt, chloramine, or hypochlorite, etc., the ozone concentration detectors 4, 6 and
  • the ozone flow meter 3 monitors the ozone inlet concentration, the outlet gas concentration, and the ozone gas flow rate during the oxidation process to control the dosage of ozone as required.
  • the SBR/iron flocculation system further includes an oxygen flow meter 16, a heating device 19, and a timer 24.
  • the oxygen flow meter 16 is used to monitor the aeration oxygen flow rate.
  • the heating device 19 is used to heat the SBR reactor to provide a reaction temperature environment, and the water in and out of the SBR reactor is controlled by the timer 24 to control the peristaltic pump.
  • the exogenous carbon source is sodium acetate.
  • the catalytic ozone oxidation system further includes an inlet pump 11 and an inlet water tank 10, an outlet pump 12, and an outlet water tank 13 for the ozone tower 7.
  • the SBR The iron flocculation system also includes an inlet pump 20 and an inlet water tank 21, an outlet pump 22 and an outlet water tank 23 for the SBR reactor.
  • a sludge digestion tank is further included, and the sludge digestion tank is connected to the SBR reactor for receiving sludge.
  • a microalgae wetland system is further included.
  • the effluent of the SBR/iron flocculation system enters the microalgae wetland system to perform deep denitrification and dephosphorization of reverse osmosis concentrated water
  • the upper layer of the microalgae wetland system cultivates microalgae 27 and plants 28.
  • a fiber filter material 29 is placed in the middle layer of the microalgae wetland system to filter the microalgae in the upper water.
  • a water collection system 30 is provided at the lower layer of the microalgae wetland system.
  • an anti-leakage layer 25 and a water supplement system 26 are also provided.
  • the effluent of the SBR/iron flocculation system enters the microalgae wetland system, and under the combined action of microorganisms, microalgae 27, and preferably increased plants 28, the reverse osmosis concentrated water can be decarbonized, denitrogenated and dephosphorized; preferably, Microalgae species are selected from salt-tolerant microalgae, so that inorganic salts in reverse osmosis concentrated water will be deposited when flowing through the algae species, thereby removing the concentrated water TDS.
  • the sludge digestion tank is also connected to the microalgae wetland system to provide fertilizer to the microalgae wetland system.
  • a method for advanced treatment of reverse osmosis concentrated water includes the following steps:
  • ferrous salt is added to the reverse osmosis concentrated water entering the ozone tower 7, and the mixing reaction is carried out under the action of ozone aeration and stirring, in which ozone and ferrous ions synergistically generate hydroxyl radicals so as to obtain some organic matter Effective removal, the organic phosphorus in the remaining organic matter is converted into phosphate, and the ferrous ion in the water reacts with ozone and oxygen to generate iron ions, and the generated iron ions remove phosphates in the water through flocculation, and reduce the dissolved oxygen in the water; preferably , Chloramine is also added to reverse osmosis concentrated water to strengthen ozone oxidation, where the combination of ozone and chloramine synergistically produces hydroxyl free radicals, chlorine free radicals and nitrogen free radicals in order to effectively remove organic matter;
  • the effluent of the ozone tower 7 enters the SBR reactor, where a carbon source is added, and anoxic denitrification is performed under stirring conditions to remove nitrate and some organic matter in the concentrated water.
  • the carbon source is strengthened
  • the denitrification process is to achieve the denitrification of concentrated water.
  • iron-based coagulant is added, and aeration is carried out through the aeration device 15 for aerobic reaction to strengthen chemical phosphorus removal and biological removal of organic matter.
  • the addition of iron-based coagulant can promote denitrification electron transfer and increase the denitrification reaction rate.
  • the deep treatment method of reverse osmosis concentrated water further includes the following steps:
  • the effluent of the SBR reactor enters the microalgae wetland system to perform deep denitrification and dephosphorization of the reverse osmosis concentrated water; wherein the upper layer of the microalgae wetland system cultivates microalgae and plants, and the middle layer is provided with a fiber filter to filter the algae
  • the effluent of the SBR/iron flocculation system enters the microalgae wetland system, and under the joint action of microorganisms, microalgae, and preferably increased plants, the decarbonization, denitrification and phosphorus removal of reverse osmosis concentrated water is realized; preferably, micro Algae species are selected from salt-tolerant microalgae, so that inorganic salts in the reverse osmosis concentrated water are deposited when flowing through the algae species, thereby removing the concentrated water TDS; preferably, a fiber filter is placed in the wetland to filter the microalgae in the upper
  • the preferred embodiment of the present invention proposes equipment and method for simultaneous decarbonization and denitrification and dephosphorization of reverse osmosis concentrated water based on catalytic ozonation-SBR/iron flocculation-microalgae wetland system.
  • the process is shown in FIG.
  • the reverse osmosis concentrated water passes through the ozone tower, the iron/SBR reactor and the microalgae wetland system for processing.
  • the reverse osmosis concentrated water is first subjected to catalytic ozone oxidation (ozone/chloramine, ozone/ferrous ion, ozone/chloramine/ferrous ion) treatment, the refractory organic matter in the concentrated water is removed, and the biodegradability is improved. Converted into phosphate; ferrous ions in water react with ozone and oxygen to form iron ions, and the generated iron ions remove phosphates in water through flocculation; the reaction of ferrous ions with ozone and oxygen can also reduce dissolved oxygen in water and increase The efficiency of subsequent biological denitrification technology.
  • catalytic ozone oxidation ozone/chloramine, ozone/ferrous ion, ozone/chloramine/ferrous ion
  • the oxidized reverse osmosis concentrated water passes through the SBR/iron flocculation link, and the denitrification process is strengthened by adding an external carbon source to achieve denitrification of the concentrated water, while further removing organic matter in the reverse osmosis concentrated water; at the same time, adding iron before the aeration reaction -Based coagulant to further enhance phosphorus removal and at the same time enhance electron transfer during denitrification.
  • the effluent of SBR/iron flocculation enters the microalgae wetland system, which can deeply remove nitrogen and phosphorus from the reverse osmosis concentrated water.
  • the reverse osmosis concentrated water first enters the ozone tower, and is oxidized under the combined action of ozone and ferrous ions, and organic matter is removed; while ozone oxidizes the reverse osmosis concentrated water, chloramine can also be added to enhance the effect of ozone oxidation .
  • the method of adding chloramine can be directly adding monochloramine, or adding hypochlorite and ammonia nitrogen in concentrated water to generate chloramine, or adding hypochlorite and ammonium chloride to generate chloramine.
  • oxidative active substances such as hydroxyl radicals, chlorine free radicals, and nitrogen free radicals.
  • the oxidative active substances can further oxidize organic matter and achieve effective removal of organic matter.
  • Chloramine can be generated by adding hypochlorite and nitrogen-containing organics in water on the one hand, and can also be achieved by adding chloramine on the other hand.
  • the type and concentration of the agent are related to the ammonia nitrogen concentration in the water: when the ammonia nitrogen concentration in the water is greater than 1.4mg/L, only hypochlorite can be added to the water, and the dosage is 3-6 times the ammonia nitrogen concentration; When the ammonia nitrogen concentration is less than 1.4mg/L, add ammonium chloride and hypochlorite to the water at the same time, and the molar ratio of ammonium chloride: hypochlorite is in the range of 0.5-3. While adding chloramine, pass ozone above 5mg/L into the water.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of reverse osmosis concentrated water catalytic ozone oxidation equipment, including ozone tower 7, ozone oxidation dosing device 1, first agitator 5, ozone flow meter 3, ozone supplier 2, ozone concentration detector 4, 6.
  • the reverse osmosis concentrated water is continuously injected into the ozone tower from the inlet water tank 10 through the inlet pump 11 through the inlet UV detector, and the ozone oxidation dosing device adds ferrous salt (ferrous chloride or ferrous sulfate) to the ozone tower, and Chloramine can be added to the ozone tower, the mixing reaction is carried out under the combined action of ozone aeration and agitator, and finally the effluent is discharged to the effluent tank 13 through the effluent pump 12 through the effluent ultraviolet detector.
  • ferrous salt ferrous chloride or ferrous sulfate
  • the reverse osmosis concentrated water passes through the influent UV detector, and the UV 254 and UV 280 values are measured to reflect the content of organic matter in the reverse osmosis concentrated water, thereby determining the dosage of ozone, ferrous salt, hypochlorite and ammonium chloride.
  • the effluent water can reflect the content of organic matter in the water to a certain extent through the ultraviolet detector, and feedback and adjust the dosage of ozone, ferrous salt, chloramine, or hypochlorite.
  • Ozone and ferrous ions can synergistically generate hydroxyl free radicals.
  • the combination of ozone and chloramine can synergistically generate hydroxyl radicals, chlorine free radicals and nitrogen free radicals, which can improve the removal rate of organic matter in concentrated water and effectively remove organic matter; at the same time, the remaining organic matter The biodegradability is improved, and the organic phosphorus in the water is converted into phosphate.
  • ferrous ions in the water react with ozone and oxygen to generate iron ions.
  • the generated iron ions remove phosphates in the water through flocculation, which can also reduce the dissolved oxygen in the water and improve the efficiency of subsequent biological denitrification technology.
  • the effluent from the ozone tower enters the SBR reactor for SBR/iron flocculation treatment.
  • the efficiency of biological removal of organic matter, nitrogen and phosphorus is improved, and the produced sludge enters the sludge digestion tank. .
  • the oxidized reverse osmosis concentrated water passes through the SBR/iron flocculation link, and the denitrification process is strengthened with the addition of an external carbon source to achieve the denitrification of the concentrated water, while further removing the organic matter in the reverse osmosis concentrated water; at the same time, it reacts in anoxic
  • aeration and aerobic stirring were carried out through an aeration device to strengthen chemical phosphorus removal and biological removal of organic matter.
  • the addition of iron-based coagulant can promote denitrification electron transfer and increase the denitrification reaction rate.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of reverse osmosis concentrated water SBR/iron flocculation technology equipment, mainly denitrification activated sludge coupled coagulation enhanced phosphorus removal reactor, including SBR reactor 17, aeration device 15, SBR/iron flocculation Medicine device 14, second agitator 18, oxygen flow meter 16, heating device 19, inlet pump 20, outlet pump 21, inlet water tank 21, outlet water tank 23, timer 24, etc.
  • Concentrated water treatment adopts Sequential Batch Reactor (SBR), and the operation process includes feeding carbon source, anoxic denitrification reaction, aerobic aeration reaction and adding coagulant to strengthen phosphorus removal, precipitation, and effluent.
  • SBR Sequential Batch Reactor
  • a pump In the process of reverse osmosis concentrated water treatment, in the water intake stage of the SBR process, a pump is used to pump in the concentrated water of a set treatment volume, and an external carbon source (usually sodium acetate) is added in a certain proportion, and the reverse is carried out under stirring conditions. Nitrification, removes nitrate in concentrated water, but also removes certain organic matter. At the end of the hypoxic phase, start the aeration pump and add coagulant at the same time to achieve coagulation-enhanced phosphorus removal. After the aeration is over, let stand for precipitation, and finally discharge the treated concentrated water. In the coagulation process, iron salt can be used to form iron oxides.
  • Ferrous ions, ozone and oxygen in the ozone section can also form iron oxides in situ, which can promote denitrification electron transfer and improve denitrification efficiency. Multiple functions.
  • a filler carrier can also be added to the SBR reactor to support the growth of microorganisms.
  • SBR/iron flocculation effluent enters the microalgae wetland system for deep nitrogen and phosphorus removal.
  • FIG 4 is a schematic diagram of a reverse osmosis concentrated water microalgae/wetland system. Cultivation of algae and plants on the upper layer of the wetland system, a water tank is set in the middle layer, and a new type of fiber filter material is placed in the water tank.
  • the reverse osmosis concentrated water treated by SBR/iron flocculation technology enters the wetland system, from the upper layer of algae after filtration, is collected in the water tank into the matrix layer of the wetland system.
  • the filter material in the water tank can filter the tiny algae in the upper water. After a certain period of time, it will be manually cleaned in the water tank and can be used as organic fertilizer after sludge treatment.
  • the decarbonization, denitrification and phosphorus removal of reverse osmosis concentrated water is achieved; the selection of salt-tolerant microalgae for microalgae species can make the inorganic salt in reverse osmosis concentrated water flow through the algae species to deposit Thereby removing the concentrated water TDS. To prevent clogging, the microalgae/wetland system should be plowed regularly.
  • Adopt ozone contact tank/ozone reaction tower to carry out ozone/ferrous oxidation reverse osmosis concentrated water.
  • the reverse osmosis concentrated water is taken from the reclaimed water plant and is the concentrated water produced after the secondary effluent of domestic sewage passes through the reverse osmosis system.
  • the ferrous ion concentration is 1mg/L
  • ozone is continuously fed into the reactor
  • the ozone inlet concentration is controlled at 10mg/L
  • the oxidation time is 20min
  • the ozone inlet concentration, outlet concentration, and ozone gas flow are continuously monitored during the oxidation process.
  • C outlet is the gas concentration (mg/L) of ozone after passing through the reactor;
  • C inlet is the gas concentration (mg/L) before ozone passes through the reactor;
  • q is the gas flow rate of ozone (L/min);
  • V is the volume (L) of the reactor.
  • the operating cycle of the reactor is 4h, including 10min of water intake, 170min of anoxic reaction, 20min of aeration, 35min of standing and settling, and 15min of water output.
  • the water exchange ratio per cycle is 0.5, the hydraulic retention time is controlled to 8h, the sludge is discharged at the end of the aeration at a specific time every day, and the sludge age is controlled to 10d.
  • the water in and out of the reactor is realized by a timer controlled peristaltic pump, aeration is realized by a microporous aerator, and the temperature is controlled at about 25°C by an explosion-proof electric heating and heat preservation heating rod.
  • the dosing device is used to control the coagulant before the start of each cycle of aeration. Throw in.
  • Reactor acclimatization adopts reverse osmosis concentrated water to control the NaCl concentration of the reactor influent to 0, 10, 20 and 40g/L, the carbon source of the influent is sodium acetate, the corresponding influent COD concentration is 400mg/L, and the influent NaNO 3 It is 607mg/L, corresponding to the NO 3 -N concentration of influent water is 100mg/L.
  • the denitrification test was carried out under the conditions of sodium acetate as the carbon source, NO 3 -N as the electron acceptor, and the C/N ratio of 4.
  • the nitrate nitrogen can be removed well under different salinity conditions.
  • the denitrification rates of the domesticated denitrification activated sludge were 103.11 (0g/L), 57.87 (10g/L), 61.71 (20g/L), 81.68 (40g/L) mg NO 3 -N/(g VSS ⁇ h).

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Abstract

一种反渗透浓缩水深度处理方法，包括：在反渗透浓缩水中加入亚铁盐，还可加入次氯酸盐以生成氯胺，用臭氧曝气，臭氧与亚铁离子协同产生羟基自由基，使一些有机物去除，剩余有机物中有机磷转化为磷酸盐，且水中的亚铁离子与臭氧、氧气反应生成铁离子，通过絮凝作用去除磷酸盐；臭氧与氯胺组合协同产生羟基自由基、氯自由基和氮自由基，以有效去除有机物；出水进入SBR反应器（17），投加碳源，在搅拌条件下进行缺氧反硝化，去除硝酸盐和有机物，缺氧反硝化反应结束后加铁基混凝剂，进行短时好氧曝气反应，生物去除多余有机物并强化化学除磷；还公开了一种反渗透浓缩水深度处理设备，能深度去除反渗透浓缩水中有机物、硝态氮和磷酸盐，成本低，效果好，出水稳定。

Description

一种反渗透浓缩水深度处理方法与设备 技术领域
本发明涉及污水深度处理技术领域，特别是涉及一种反渗透浓缩水深度处理方法与设备。
背景技术
当前全球水环境面临水资源短缺、水污染严重、水生态破坏和水空间缩减等问题，污水再生利用是解决上述问题的必要战略。由此产生了多种污水再生处理技术，如混凝沉淀技术、消毒技术和膜技术等。其中膜技术通过调节膜孔径来满足不同的出水需求，应用较为广泛。近年来，随着人们对高品质出水的需求增加，以及排放标准的日趋严格，膜技术中的反渗透技术得到了大量的应用。
反渗透技术通过对反渗透膜施加压力，凭借反渗透膜的截留作用，可有效去除水中的盐类、胶体、细菌、病毒和大部分有机物等污染物。该技术具有出水水质优秀且稳定、设备运行简单、自动化程度高、占地面积小等优势。然而反渗透技术在运行过程中会产生约25％的反渗透浓缩水。
反渗透浓缩水具有污染物种类多、浓度高，盐类物质含量高，生物降解性差，生物毒性高等特点，亟需引起关注。反渗透浓缩水的化学需氧量、总氮和总磷浓度远高于排放标准。目前实际工程中针对反渗透浓缩水的处理方式有中间处理、循环处理、厂外排放处理以及直接排放处理等方式，但均不能对其进行有效处理，导致大量的反渗透浓缩水进入水体中，造成水环境污染的加剧，进而对人类生活造成威胁。因此亟需开发一种针对反渗透浓缩水的处理方式。
发明内容
本发明主要针对反渗透浓缩水脱碳脱氮除磷需求，以节约处理成本、提高处理效率与稳定性为目的，提供一种反渗透浓缩水深度处理方法与设备。
为实现上述目的，本发明采用以下技术方案：
一种反渗透浓缩水深度处理方法，包括以下步骤：
在催化臭氧氧化阶段，在进入臭氧塔的反渗透浓缩水中加入亚铁盐， 在臭氧曝气和搅拌作用下进行混合反应，其中臭氧与亚铁离子协同产生羟基自由基，以便使一些有机物得到有效去除，剩余有机物中有机磷转化为磷酸盐，且水中的亚铁离子与臭氧、氧气反应生成铁离子，生成的铁离子通过絮凝作用去除水中的磷酸盐，并降低水中的溶解氧；优选地，还在反渗透浓缩水加入氯胺，优选地，直接添加一氯胺，或加入次氯酸盐与浓缩水中氨氮生成氯胺，或加入次氯酸盐和氯化铵生成氯胺，以强化臭氧氧化，其中臭氧与氯胺组合协同产生羟基自由基、氯自由基和氮自由基，以便有效去除有机物；
在SBR/铁絮凝处理阶段，所述臭氧塔的出水进入SBR反应器，投加碳源，在搅拌条件下进行缺氧反硝化，去除浓缩水中的硝酸盐和一些有机物，所述碳源强化反硝化过程以实现浓缩水脱氮，缺氧反硝化反应结束后投加铁基混凝剂，并通过曝气装置曝气并进行好氧搅拌，强化化学除磷并生物去除有机物。铁基混凝剂的投加，能够促进反硝化电子传递，提高反硝化反应速率。
进一步地，所述方法还包括以下步骤：
所述SBR反应器的出水进入微藻湿地系统，以对反渗透浓缩水进行深度脱氮除磷；所述微藻湿地系统的上层培养微藻和植物，中间层设置纤维滤料，过滤藻类；所述SBR/铁絮凝系统的出水进入所述微藻湿地系统，在微生物和微藻以及优选增加的植物的共同作用下实现反渗透浓缩水的脱碳脱氮除磷；优选地，微藻种选用耐盐碱类微藻，使反渗透浓缩水中无机盐在流经藻种时沉积，从而去除浓缩水TDS；优选地，所述湿地中放置纤维滤料，过滤上层水中的微小藻体，积累后在所述水槽中经人工扫除，经污泥处理后可以作为有机肥；优选地，利用从SBR反应器得到的污泥向所述微藻湿地系统提供肥料。
一种反渗透浓缩水深度处理设备，包括：
催化臭氧氧化系统，所述催化臭氧氧化系统包括臭氧塔、臭氧氧化加药装置、搅拌器和臭氧供应器；反渗透浓缩水注入所述臭氧塔，所述臭氧氧化加药装置向所述臭氧塔中加入亚铁盐，所述臭氧供应器用于提供臭氧进行曝气，在所述搅拌器的搅拌作用下进行混合反应，反应后的水排出所述臭氧塔，其中臭氧与亚铁离子协同产生羟基自由基，以便使一些有机物得到有效去除，剩余有机物中有机磷转化为磷酸盐，且水中的亚铁离子与臭氧、氧气反应生成铁离子，生成的铁离子通过絮凝作用去除水中的磷酸盐，并降低水中的溶解氧；
SBR/铁絮凝系统，所述SBR/铁絮凝系统包括SBR反应器、曝气装置、SBR/铁絮凝加药装置和搅拌器；所述臭氧塔的出水进入所述SBR反应器，进行SBR/铁絮凝处理，且所述SBR/铁絮凝加药装置向所述SBR反应器中投加碳源，在搅拌条件下进行缺氧反硝化，去除浓缩水中的硝酸盐和一些有机物，所述碳源强化反硝化过程以实现浓缩水脱氮，缺氧反硝化反应结束后所述SBR/铁絮凝加药装置投加铁基混凝剂，并通过曝气装置曝气并进行好氧搅拌，强化化学除磷并生物去除有机物。铁基混凝剂的投加，能够促进反硝化电子传递，提高反硝化反应速率。
进一步地：
所述臭氧氧化加药装置还向所述臭氧塔中加入氯胺，优选地，直接添加一氯胺，或加入次氯酸盐与浓缩水中氨氮生成氯胺，或加入次氯酸盐和氯化铵生成氯胺，以强化臭氧氧化，其中臭氧与氯胺组合协同产生羟基自由基、氯自由基和氮自由基，以便有效去除有机物；更优选地，氯胺的投加量为水中臭氧投加量的0.5-1倍，投加方式为在臭氧投入前投加，或在臭氧投入时或臭氧投入后投加。
所述催化臭氧氧化系统还包括进水紫外检测器、出水紫外检测器、臭氧流量计和臭氧浓度检测仪，反渗透浓缩水经过进水紫外检测器进入所述臭氧塔，测得UV 254和UV 280值来反映反渗透浓缩水中有机物的含量，从而确定臭氧、亚铁盐、氯胺、或次氯酸盐等的投加量，所述出水紫外检测器检测出水中有机物的含量，反馈调整臭氧、亚铁盐、氯胺、或次氯酸盐等的投加量，所述臭氧浓度检测仪和所述臭氧流量计在氧化过程中监测臭氧进气浓度、出气浓度、臭氧气体流量，以按需要控制臭氧的投加量。
所述SBR/铁絮凝系统还包括氧气流量计、加热装置和定时器，所述流量计用于监测曝气的氧气流量，所述加热装置用于对所述SBR反应器加热以提供反应温度环境，所述SBR反应器的进出水通过所述定时器控制蠕动泵实现。
所述外源碳源为乙酸钠。
所述催化臭氧氧化系统还包括用于所述臭氧塔的进水泵和出水泵，所述SBR/铁絮凝系统还包括用于所述SBR反应器的进水泵和出水泵。
还包括污泥消化池，所述污泥消化池与所述SBR反应器相连用于接收污泥。
还包括微藻湿地系统，所述SBR/铁絮凝系统的出水进入所述微藻湿地系统，以对反渗透浓缩水进行深度脱氮除磷；所述微藻湿地系统的上层培 养微藻和植物，中间层设置纤维滤料，过滤藻类，优选地，下层设置集水系统；所述SBR/铁絮凝系统的出水进入所述微藻湿地系统，在微生物和微藻以及优选增加的植物的共同作用下实现反渗透浓缩水的脱碳脱氮除磷；优选地，微藻种选用耐盐碱类微藻，使反渗透浓缩水中无机盐在流经藻种时沉积，从而去除浓缩水TDS；优选地，所述湿地中放置纤维滤料，过滤上层水中的微小藻体。
本发明能够有效深度去除反渗透浓缩水中有机物、硝态氮和磷酸盐，具有成本低、效果好、出水稳定等优势。
本发明采用催化臭氧氧化-SBR/铁絮凝深度去除反渗透浓缩水中有机物、硝态氮和磷酸盐。反渗透浓缩水先经过催化臭氧氧化(臭氧/氯胺、臭氧/亚铁离子、臭氧/氯胺/亚铁离子)处理后，浓缩水中的难降解有机物得到去除，可生化性提高，有机磷转化为磷酸盐；水中的亚铁离子与臭氧、氧气反应生成铁离子，生成的铁离子通过絮凝作用去除水中的磷酸盐；亚铁离子与臭氧、氧气的反应还可以降低水中的溶解氧，提高后续生物反硝化技术的效率。氧化后的反渗透浓缩水通过SBR/铁絮凝环节，在投加外加碳源下强化反硝化过程实现浓缩水脱氮，同时进一步去除反渗透浓缩水中的有机物；同时在缺氧反应后投加铁基混凝剂，并通过曝气装置曝气和进行好氧搅拌，强化化学除磷并生物去除有机物。铁基混凝剂的投加，能够促进反硝化电子传递，提高反硝化反应速率。
在优选实施例中，本发明采用催化臭氧氧化-SBR/铁絮凝-微藻湿地系统，SBR/铁絮凝出水进入微藻湿地系统，该系统可对反渗透浓缩水进行深度脱氮除磷。
本发明实施例的优点有：(1)将催化臭氧氧化-SBR/铁絮凝-微藻湿地系统进行有机结合，实现脱碳除氮除磷的目标；(2)臭氧与亚铁离子可协同产生羟基自由基，臭氧与氯胺组合可协同产生羟基自由基、氯自由基和氮自由基，强化有机物去除。(3)催化臭氧氧化进出水在线测定UV 254和UV 280，指示有机物去除效果，并反馈臭氧投加量。(4)亚铁离子与臭氧/氧气反应生成的铁氧化物、铁混凝剂反应生成的铁氧化物可促进反硝化过程中电子传递，提高反硝化脱氮效率。(5)藻类/人工湿地结合，深度去除反渗透浓缩水中的难降解有机物、氮磷和无机盐。
附图说明
图1为本发明一种实施例采用催化臭氧氧化-SBR/铁絮凝-微藻湿地系统的设备组成框图。
图2为本发明一种实施例中的反渗透浓缩水催化臭氧氧化系统示意图。
图3为本发明一种实施例中的反渗透浓缩水SBR/铁絮凝系统示意图。
图4为本发明一种实施例中的反渗透浓缩水微藻湿地系统示意图。
图5a-5b为本发明一种实施例中的反渗透浓缩水臭氧/亚铁氧化后有机物的去除效果图。
图6a-6d为本发明一种实施例中的反渗透浓缩水SBR/铁絮凝技术处理后氮的去除效果图。
图7a-7b为本发明一种实施例中的反渗透浓缩水微藻/人工湿地处理后总氮总磷的去除效果图。
具体实施方式
以下对本发明的实施方式作详细说明。应该强调的是，下述说明仅仅是示例性的，而不是为了限制本发明的范围及其应用。
参阅图1至图3，在一种实施例中，一种反渗透浓缩水深度处理设备，包括催化臭氧氧化系统和SBR/铁絮凝系统。
所述催化臭氧氧化系统包括臭氧塔7、臭氧氧化加药装置1、第一搅拌器5和臭氧供应器2；反渗透浓缩水注入所述臭氧塔7，所述臭氧氧化加药装置1向所述臭氧塔7中加入亚铁盐，所述臭氧供应器2用于提供臭氧，通过曝气头进行曝气，在所述第一搅拌器5的搅拌作用下进行混合反应，反应后的水排出所述臭氧塔7，其中臭氧与亚铁离子协同产生羟基自由基，以便使一些有机物得到有效去除，剩余有机物中有机磷转化为磷酸盐，且水中的亚铁离子与臭氧、氧气反应生成铁离子，生成的铁离子通过絮凝作用去除水中的磷酸盐，并降低水中的溶解氧；
所述SBR/铁絮凝系统包括SBR反应器17、曝气装置15、SBR/铁絮凝加药装置14和第二搅拌器18；所述臭氧塔7的出水进入所述SBR反应器17，进行SBR/铁絮凝处理，且所述SBR/铁絮凝加药装置14向所述SBR反应器17中投加碳源，在搅拌条件下进行缺氧反硝化，去除浓缩水中的硝酸盐和一些有机物，所述碳源强化反硝化过程以实现浓缩水脱氮，缺氧反硝化反应结束后所述SBR/铁絮凝加药装置14投加铁基混凝剂，并通过曝气装置15曝气进行好氧反应，强化除磷；同时投加的铁基混凝剂能够促进缺氧反硝化电子传递，提高反硝化脱氮效率。
在优选的实施例中，所述臭氧氧化加药装置1还向所述臭氧塔7中加入氯胺以强化臭氧氧化，其中臭氧与氯胺组合协同产生羟基自由基、氯自由基和氮自由基，以便有效去除有机物。加入氯胺的方式可以是直接添加 一氯胺，或加入次氯酸盐与浓缩水中氨氮生成氯胺，或加入次氯酸盐和氯化铵生成氯胺。以直接添加一氯胺的方式为例，经对比实验验证，对于反渗透浓缩水中有毒有害的抑菌剂，单纯一氯胺对其的去除率为0，单纯臭氧氧化对抑菌剂的去除率仅为20-35％，臭氧/一氯胺组合对抑菌剂的去除率高达60-80％。这表明臭氧/一氯胺组合具有协同强化效果。
较佳地，当水中氨氮＞1.4mg/L时，向水中只投加次氯酸盐，次氯酸盐的投加量根据实际情况为氨氮数值的3倍-6倍，根据水质情况通入＞5mg/L的臭氧。
较佳地，当水中氨氮＜1.4mg/L时，向水中投加氯化铵和次氯酸盐，其摩尔比范围为0.5-3倍，后根据水质情况通入＞5mg/L的臭氧。
更优选地，氯胺的投加量为水中臭氧投加量的0.5-1倍。投加时机可以为在臭氧投入前投加，或在臭氧投入时或臭氧投入后投加。
参阅图2，在优选的实施例中，所述催化臭氧氧化系统还包括进水紫外检测器9、出水紫外检测器8、臭氧流量计3和臭氧浓度检测仪4、6，反渗透浓缩水经过进水紫外检测器9进入所述臭氧塔7，测得UV 254和UV 280值来反映反渗透浓缩水中有机物的含量，从而确定臭氧、亚铁盐、氯胺、或次氯酸盐等的的投加量，所述出水紫外检测器8检测出水中有机物的含量，反馈调整臭氧、亚铁盐、氯胺、或次氯酸盐等的投加量，所述臭氧浓度检测仪4、6和所述臭氧流量计3在氧化过程中监测臭氧进气浓度、出气浓度、臭氧气体流量，以按需要控制臭氧的投加量。
参阅图3，在优选的实施例中，所述SBR/铁絮凝系统还包括氧气流量计16、加热装置19和定时器24，所述氧气流量计16用于监测曝气的氧气流量，所述加热装置19用于对所述SBR反应器加热以提供反应温度环境，所述SBR反应器的进出水通过所述定时器24控制蠕动泵实现。
在优选的实施例中，所述外源碳源为乙酸钠。
参阅图2至图3，在优选的实施例中，所述催化臭氧氧化系统还包括用于所述臭氧塔7的进水泵11及进水水箱10和出水泵12及出水水箱13，所述SBR/铁絮凝系统还包括用于所述SBR反应器的进水泵20及进水水箱21和出水泵22及出水水箱23。
参阅图1，在优选的实施例中，还包括污泥消化池，所述污泥消化池与所述SBR反应器相连用于接收污泥。
参阅图1和图4，在优选的实施例中，还包括微藻湿地系统，所述SBR/铁絮凝系统的出水进入所述微藻湿地系统，以对反渗透浓缩水进行深度脱 氮除磷；所述微藻湿地系统的上层培养微藻27和植物28。优选地，微藻湿地系统中层放置纤维滤料29，过滤上层水中的微小藻体。优选地，微藻湿地系统的下层设置集水系统30。优选地，还设置有防渗漏层25和补水系统26。所述SBR/铁絮凝系统的出水进入所述微藻湿地系统，在微生物、微藻27、以及优选增加的植物28的共同作用下实现反渗透浓缩水的脱碳脱氮除磷；优选地，微藻种选用耐盐碱类微藻，使反渗透浓缩水中无机盐在流经藻种时沉积，从而去除浓缩水TDS。
参阅图1，在优选的实施例中，污泥消化池还与微藻湿地系统相连以向微藻湿地系统提供肥料。
参阅图1至图3，在另一种实施例中，一种反渗透浓缩水深度处理方法，包括以下步骤：
在催化臭氧氧化阶段，在进入臭氧塔7的反渗透浓缩水中加入亚铁盐，在臭氧曝气和搅拌作用下进行混合反应，其中臭氧与亚铁离子协同产生羟基自由基，以便使一些有机物得到有效去除，剩余有机物中有机磷转化为磷酸盐，且水中的亚铁离子与臭氧、氧气反应生成铁离子，生成的铁离子通过絮凝作用去除水中的磷酸盐，并降低水中的溶解氧；优选地，还在反渗透浓缩水加入氯胺以强化臭氧氧化，其中臭氧与氯胺组合协同产生羟基自由基、氯自由基和氮自由基，以便有效去除有机物；
在SBR/铁絮凝处理阶段，所述臭氧塔7的出水进入SBR反应器，投加碳源，在搅拌条件下进行缺氧反硝化，去除浓缩水中的硝酸盐和一些有机物，所述碳源强化反硝化过程以实现浓缩水脱氮，缺氧反硝化反应结束后投加铁基混凝剂，并通过曝气装置15曝气进行好氧反应，强化化学除磷并生物去除有机物。铁基混凝剂的投加，能够促进反硝化电子传递，提高反硝化反应速率。
参阅图1和图4，在优选的实施例中，所述反渗透浓缩水深度处理方法还包括以下步骤：
所述SBR反应器的出水进入微藻湿地系统，以对反渗透浓缩水进行深度脱氮除磷；其中所述微藻湿地系统的上层培养微藻和植物，中间层设置纤维滤料，过滤藻类；所述SBR/铁絮凝系统的出水进入所述微藻湿地系统，在微生物、微藻、以及优选增加的植物的共同作用下实现反渗透浓缩水的脱碳脱氮除磷；优选地，微藻种选用耐盐碱类微藻，使反渗透浓缩水中无机盐在流经藻种时沉积，从而去除浓缩水TDS；优选地，所述湿地中放置纤维滤料，过滤上层水中的微小藻体，积累后在所述湿地中经人工扫除， 经污泥处理后可以作为有机肥；优选地，利用从SBR反应器得到的污泥向所述微藻湿地系统提供肥料。
本发明优选实施例提出了基于催化臭氧氧化-SBR/铁絮凝-微藻湿地系统的反渗透浓缩水同步脱碳脱氮除磷的设备与方法，流程如图1所示。反渗透浓缩水依次经过臭氧塔、铁/SBR反应器和微藻湿地系统进行处理。
其中，反渗透浓缩水先经过催化臭氧氧化(臭氧/氯胺、臭氧/亚铁离子、臭氧/氯胺/亚铁离子)处理后，浓缩水中的难降解有机物得到去除，可生化性提高，有机磷转化为磷酸盐；水中的亚铁离子与臭氧、氧气反应生成铁离子，生成的铁离子通过絮凝作用去除水中的磷酸盐；亚铁离子与臭氧、氧气的反应还可以降低水中的溶解氧，提高后续生物反硝化技术的效率。氧化后的反渗透浓缩水通过SBR/铁絮凝环节，在投加外加碳源下强化反硝化过程实现浓缩水脱氮，同时进一步去除反渗透浓缩水中的有机物；同时在曝气反应之前投加铁基混凝剂，进一步强化除磷，同时强化反硝化过程电子传递。SBR/铁絮凝出水进入微藻湿地系统，该系统可对反渗透浓缩水进行深度脱氮除磷。
以下按照三个阶段具体描述：
催化臭氧氧化
反渗透浓缩水首先进入臭氧塔，在臭氧、亚铁离子的共同作用下被氧化，有机物得到去除；臭氧在氧化反渗透浓缩水的同时，还可以加入氯胺，可起到强化臭氧氧化的效果。加入氯胺的方式可以是直接添加一氯胺，或加入次氯酸盐与浓缩水中氨氮生成氯胺，或加入次氯酸盐和氯化铵生成氯胺。
该过程中，反渗透浓缩水先经过催化臭氧氧化(臭氧/氯胺、臭氧/亚铁离子、臭氧/氯胺/亚铁离子)处理后，浓缩水中的难降解有机物得到去除，可生化性提高，有机磷转化为磷酸盐；水中的亚铁离子与臭氧、氧气反应生成铁离子，生成的铁离子通过絮凝作用去除水中的磷酸盐。
臭氧与氯胺组合协同产生羟基自由基、氯自由基和氮自由基等氧化活性物质，氧化活性物质可以进一步氧化有机物，实现有机物的有效去除。氯胺一方面可通过投加的次氯酸盐与水中的含氮有机物来生成，另一方面也可通过投加氯胺的方式来实现。药剂的投加种类与浓度与水中的氨氮浓度有关：当水中氨氮浓度大于1.4mg/L时，可仅向水中投加次氯酸盐，投加量为氨氮浓度的3-6倍；当水中氨氮浓度小于1.4mg/L时，向水中同时投加氯化铵和次氯酸盐，氯化铵：次氯酸盐的摩尔比范围为0.5-3。在投 加氯胺的同时，向水中通入5mg/L以上的臭氧。
具体地，图2为反渗透浓缩水催化臭氧氧化设备示意图，包括臭氧塔7、臭氧氧化加药装置1、第一搅拌器5、臭氧流量计3、臭氧供应器2、臭氧浓度检测仪4、6、进水紫外检测器9、出水紫外检测器8、进水泵11、出水泵12、进水水箱10、出水水箱13等。反渗透浓缩水由进水水箱10通过进水泵11经进水紫外检测器连续注入臭氧塔，同时臭氧氧化加药装置向臭氧塔中加入亚铁盐(氯化亚铁或硫酸亚铁)，还可向臭氧塔中加入氯胺，在臭氧曝气和搅拌器的共同作用下进行混合反应，最终通过出水泵12经出水紫外检测器将出水排出到出水水箱13。反渗透浓缩水经过进水紫外检测器，测得UV 254和UV 280值来反映反渗透浓缩水中有机物的含量，从而确定臭氧，亚铁盐，次氯酸盐和氯化铵的投加量。出水经过紫外检测器可以一定程度上反映出水中有机物的含量，反馈调整臭氧、亚铁盐、氯胺、或次氯酸盐等的投加量。臭氧与亚铁离子可协同产生羟基自由基，臭氧与氯胺组合可协同产生羟基自由基、氯自由基和氮自由基，提高浓缩水中有机物的去除率，使有机物得到有效去除；同时剩余有机物的可生化性提高，水中有机磷转化为磷酸盐。同时水中的亚铁离子与臭氧、氧气反应生成铁离子，生成的铁离子通过絮凝作用去除水中的磷酸盐，还可以降低水中的溶解氧，提高后续生物反硝化技术的效率。
SBR/铁絮凝处理
臭氧塔出水进入SBR反应器，进行SBR/铁絮凝处理，通过投加碳源和铁基混凝剂，提高了生物脱除有机物、氮和磷的效率，同时产生的污泥进入污泥消化池。
该过程中，氧化后的反渗透浓缩水通过SBR/铁絮凝环节，在投加外加碳源下强化反硝化过程实现浓缩水脱氮，同时进一步去除反渗透浓缩水中的有机物；同时在缺氧反应之前投加铁基混凝剂，并通过曝气装置曝气和进行好氧搅拌，强化化学除磷并生物去除有机物。铁基混凝剂的投加，能够促进反硝化电子传递，提高反硝化反应速率。
具体地，图3为反渗透浓缩水SBR/铁絮凝技术设备示意图，主要为反硝化活性污泥耦合混凝强化除磷反应器，包括SBR反应器17、曝气装置15、SBR/铁絮凝加药装置14、第二搅拌器18、氧气流量计16、加热装置19、进水泵20、出水泵21、进水水箱21、出水水箱23和定时器24等。浓缩水处理采用序批式反应器(SBR)，运行过程包括进水投碳源、缺氧反硝化 反应、好氧曝气反应并投加混凝剂强化除磷、沉淀、出水。反渗透浓缩水处理过程中，在SBR工艺进水阶段，用泵泵入设定处理体积的浓缩水，并按照一定比例投加外源碳源(一般为乙酸钠)，在搅拌条件下进行反硝化，去除浓缩水中硝酸盐，同时也会去除一定的有机物。缺氧阶段结束时，启动曝气泵，并同时投加混凝剂实现混凝强化除磷。曝气结束后，静置沉淀，最后排出处理后的浓缩水。混凝过程中采用铁盐混凝后可生成铁氧化物，臭氧段亚铁离子与臭氧、氧气亦可原位生成铁氧化物，可促进反硝化电子传递，提高反硝化脱氮效率，因此具有多重功能。SBR反应器中亦可添加填料载体，以支撑微生物生长。
微藻湿地处理
SBR/铁絮凝出水进入微藻湿地系统进行深度脱氮除磷。
图4为反渗透浓缩水微藻/湿地系统示意图。在湿地系统上层培养藻类和植物，中间层设置水槽，水槽中放置新型纤维滤料。经过SBR/铁絮凝技术处理后的反渗透浓缩水进入湿地系统，从上层藻经过滤作用后在水槽中汇集进入湿地系统的基质层。水槽中滤料可以过滤上层水中的微小藻体，积累一定时间后在水槽中经人工扫除，经污泥处理后可以作为有机肥。在植物、微生物和微藻的共同作用下实现反渗透浓缩水的脱碳脱氮除磷；微藻种选用耐盐碱类微藻可以使反渗透浓缩水中无机盐在流经藻种时沉积，从而去除浓缩水TDS。为防止堵塞，微藻/湿地系统应定期进行翻耕。
实例
采用臭氧接触池/臭氧反应塔进行臭氧/亚铁氧化反渗透浓缩水。反渗透浓缩水取自再生水厂，为生活污水二级出水经过反渗透系统后产生的浓缩水。亚铁离子浓度为1mg/L，臭氧连续通入反应器，臭氧进气浓度控制在10mg/L，氧化时间为20min，在氧化过程中连续监测臭氧进气浓度、出气浓度、臭氧气体流量，以获得臭氧剂量，臭氧剂量计算公式如式(1)所示：
Figure PCTCN2019089362-appb-000001
其中：
C outlet为臭氧经过反应器后的气体浓度(mg/L)；
C inlet为臭氧经过反应器前的气体浓度(mg/L)；
q为臭氧的气体流量(L/min)；
V为反应器的体积(L)。
在反应过程中监测在不同臭氧剂量下出水在254nm和280nm下的吸光度(即UV 254和UV 280值)，二者反映了反渗透浓缩水中有机物的量，所得结果如图5a和5b所示。
结果表明，单独投加Fe 2+对反渗透浓缩水的UV 254和UV 280均没有去除效果；臭氧剂量在84mg/L下，单独臭氧对二者的去除率分别达76.4％和87.8％；臭氧剂量在84mg/L下，催化臭氧氧化技术对二者的去除率分别达86.5％和93.5％。可见，催化臭氧氧化技术提高了反渗透浓缩水中有机物的去除率。
采用SBR反应器驯化反硝化活性污泥。反应器运行周期为4h，包括进水10min，缺氧反应170min，曝气20min，静置沉降35min，出水15min。每周期换水比为0.5，控制水力停留时间为8h，每天特定时间在曝气末端进行排泥，控制污泥龄为10d。反应器进出水通过定时器控制蠕动泵实现，曝气通过微孔曝气器实现，温度通过防爆电热保温加热棒控制在25℃左右，每周期曝气开始前通过加药装置控制混凝剂的投加。
反应器驯化采用反渗透浓缩水，控制反应器进水NaCl浓度分别为0、10、20和40g/L，进水碳源为乙酸钠，对应进水COD浓度为400mg/L，进水NaNO 3为607mg/L,对应进水NO 3-N浓度为100mg/L。
反应器运行稳定后，对反应器进行周期实验，测定反应器在一个运行周期内的氮素变化情况。每隔一定时间取水样及气体样测定NO 3-N、NO 2-N及N 2O浓度。所得结果如图6a-6d所示。
在以乙酸钠为碳源，NO 3-N为电子受体，C/N比为4的条件下进行反硝化试验，不同盐度条件下均能很好的去除硝酸盐氮。同时，驯化的反硝化活性污泥的反硝化速率分别为103.11(0g/L)、57.87(10g/L)、61.71(20g/L)、81.68(40g/L)mg NO 3-N/(g VSS·h)。
利用微藻/湿地系统深度处理反渗透浓缩水。使用耐盐贫营养栅藻(藻浓度约为10mg/L)，光照强度55–60μmolprotons/m 2/s，光暗比14h:10h，温度25℃，培养时间为1～16d。在培养过程中每天监测浓缩水中总氮和总磷浓度，所得结果如图7a-7b所示。可有效去除反渗透浓缩水中总氮和总磷，16天的去除率可分别达89.8％和92.4％。
以上内容是结合具体/优选的实施方式对本发明所作的进一步详细说明，不能认定本发明的具体实施只局限于这些说明。对于本发明所属技术 领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，其还可以对这些已描述的实施方式做出若干替代或变型，而这些替代或变型方式都应当视为属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种反渗透浓缩水深度处理方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
    在催化臭氧氧化阶段，在进入臭氧塔的反渗透浓缩水中加入亚铁盐，在臭氧曝气和搅拌作用下进行混合反应，其中臭氧与亚铁离子协同产生羟基自由基，以便使一些有机物有效去除，剩余有机物中有机磷转化为磷酸盐，且水中的亚铁离子与臭氧、氧气反应生成铁离子，生成的铁离子通过絮凝作用去除水中的磷酸盐，并降低水中的溶解氧；优选地，还在反渗透浓缩水加入氯胺,更优选地，直接添加一氯胺，或加入次氯酸盐与浓缩水中氨氮生成氯胺，或加入次氯酸盐和氯化铵生成氯胺，以强化臭氧氧化，其中臭氧与氯胺组合协同产生羟基自由基、氯自由基和氮自由基，以便有效去除有机物；
    在SBR/铁絮凝处理阶段，所述臭氧塔的出水进入SBR反应器，投加碳源，在搅拌条件下进行缺氧反硝化，去除浓缩水中的硝酸盐和一些有机物，所述碳源强化反硝化过程以实现浓缩水脱氮，缺氧反硝化反应结束后投加铁基混凝剂，并通过曝气装置曝气进行好氧搅拌，强化化学除磷并生物去除有机物；通过铁基混凝剂的投加，促进反硝化电子传递，提高反硝化反应速率。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的反渗透浓缩水深度处理方法，其特征在于，还包括以下步骤：
    所述SBR反应器的出水进入微藻湿地系统，以对反渗透浓缩水进行深度脱氮除磷；其中所述微藻湿地系统的上层培养微藻和植物，中间层设置纤维滤料过滤；所述SBR/铁絮凝系统的出水进入所述微藻湿地系统，在微生物和微藻以及优选增加的植物的共同作用下实现反渗透浓缩水的脱碳脱氮除磷；优选地，微藻种选用耐盐碱类微藻，使反渗透浓缩水中无机盐在流经藻种时沉积，从而去除浓缩水TDS；优选地，所述湿地中间层放置纤维滤料，过滤上层水中的微小藻体，积累后在所述水槽中经人工扫除，经污泥处理后可以作为有机肥；优选地，利用从SBR反应器得到的污泥向所述微藻湿地系统提供肥料。
  3. 一种反渗透浓缩水深度处理设备，其特征在于,包括：
    催化臭氧氧化系统，所述催化臭氧氧化系统包括臭氧塔、臭氧氧化加药装置、搅拌器和臭氧供应器；反渗透浓缩水注入所述臭氧塔，所述臭氧氧化加药装置向所述臭氧塔中加入亚铁盐，所述臭氧供应器用于提供臭氧 进行曝气，在所述搅拌器的搅拌作用下进行混合反应，反应后的水排出所述臭氧塔，其中臭氧与亚铁离子协同产生羟基自由基，以便使一些有机物得到有效去除，剩余有机物中有机磷转化为磷酸盐，且水中的亚铁离子与臭氧、氧气反应生成铁离子，生成的铁离子通过絮凝作用去除水中的磷酸盐，并降低水中的溶解氧；
    SBR/铁絮凝系统，所述SBR/铁絮凝系统包括SBR反应器、曝气装置、SBR/铁絮凝加药装置和搅拌器；所述臭氧塔的出水进入所述SBR反应器，进行SBR/铁絮凝处理，且所述SBR/铁絮凝加药装置向所述SBR反应器中投加碳源，在搅拌条件下进行缺氧反硝化，去除浓缩水中的硝酸盐和一些有机物，所述碳源强化反硝化过程以实现浓缩水脱氮，缺氧反硝化反应结束后所述SBR/铁絮凝加药装置投加铁基混凝剂，并通过曝气装置曝气和进行好氧搅拌，强化化学除磷并利用生物去除有机物；通过铁基混凝剂的投加促进反硝化电子传递，提高反硝化反应速率。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的反渗透浓缩水深度处理设备，其特征在于,所述臭氧氧化加药装置还向所述臭氧塔中加入氯胺，优选地，直接添加一氯胺，或加入次氯酸盐与浓缩水中氨氮生成氯胺，或加入次氯酸盐和氯化铵生成氯胺，以强化臭氧氧化，其中臭氧与氯胺组合协同产生羟基自由基、氯自由基和氮自由基，以便有效去除有机物；更优选地，氯胺的投加量为水中臭氧投加量的0.5-1倍，投加方式为在臭氧投入前投加，或在臭氧投入时或臭氧投入后投加。
  5. 如权利要求3或4所述的反渗透浓缩水深度处理设备，其特征在于,所述催化臭氧氧化系统还包括进水紫外检测器、出水紫外检测器、臭氧流量计和臭氧浓度检测仪，反渗透浓缩水经过进水紫外检测器进入所述臭氧塔，测得UV 254和UV 280值来反映反渗透浓缩水中有机物的含量，从而确定臭氧、亚铁盐、氯胺、或次氯酸盐的投加量，所述出水紫外检测器检测出水中有机物的含量，反馈调整臭氧、亚铁盐、氯胺、或次氯酸盐的投加量，所述臭氧浓度检测仪和所述臭氧流量计在氧化过程中监测臭氧进气浓度、出气浓度、臭氧气体流量，以按需要控制臭氧的投加量。
  6. 如权利要求3至5任一项所述的反渗透浓缩水深度处理设备，其特征在于,所述SBR/铁絮凝系统还包括氧气流量计、加热装置和定时器，所述氧气流量计用于监测曝气的氧气流量，所述加热装置用于对所述SBR反应器加热以提供反应温度环境，所述SBR反应器的进出水通过所述定时器控制蠕动泵实现。
  7. 如权利要求3至6任一项所述的反渗透浓缩水深度处理设备，其特征在于,所述外源碳源为乙酸钠。
  8. 如权利要求3至7任一项所述的反渗透浓缩水深度处理设备，其特征在于,所述催化臭氧氧化系统还包括用于所述臭氧塔的进水泵和出水泵，所述SBR/铁絮凝系统还包括用于所述SBR反应器的进水泵和出水泵。
  9. 如权利要求3至8任一项所述的反渗透浓缩水深度处理设备，其特征在于,还包括污泥消化池，所述污泥消化池与所述SBR反应器相连用于接收污泥。
  10. 如权利要求3至9任一项所述的反渗透浓缩水深度处理设备，其特征在于,还包括微藻湿地系统，所述SBR/铁絮凝系统的出水进入所述微藻湿地系统，以对反渗透浓缩水进行深度脱氮除磷；所述微藻湿地系统的上层培养微藻和植物，中间层设置纤维滤料，过滤藻类，优选地，下层设置集水系统；所述SBR/铁絮凝系统的出水进入所述微藻湿地系统，在微藻、微生物以及优选增加的植物的共同作用下实现反渗透浓缩水的脱碳脱氮除磷；优选地，微藻种选用耐盐碱类微藻，使反渗透浓缩水中无机盐在流经藻种时沉积，从而去除浓缩水TDS；优选地，所述湿地中放置纤维滤料，过滤上层水中的微小藻体。
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