WO2020155047A1 - 一种网络切换的方法、设备及网络系统 - Google Patents

一种网络切换的方法、设备及网络系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020155047A1
WO2020155047A1 PCT/CN2019/074257 CN2019074257W WO2020155047A1 WO 2020155047 A1 WO2020155047 A1 WO 2020155047A1 CN 2019074257 W CN2019074257 W CN 2019074257W WO 2020155047 A1 WO2020155047 A1 WO 2020155047A1
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Prior art keywords
network
network standard
iot device
standard
geographic location
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PCT/CN2019/074257
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王伟刚
薛清风
陈鹏举
巨明轩
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华为技术有限公司
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Priority to PCT/CN2019/074257 priority Critical patent/WO2020155047A1/zh
Priority to CN201980043901.XA priority patent/CN112400303B/zh
Publication of WO2020155047A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020155047A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/40—Support for services or applications

Definitions

  • This application relates to the technical field of the Internet of Things, and in particular to a method, equipment and network system for network switching.
  • IoT devices can support multiple network standards, such as second-generation communications (2nd generation, 2G), enhanced machine type communications (eMTC), Narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT) and other network standards.
  • 2G second-generation communications
  • eMTC enhanced machine type communications
  • NB-IoT Narrowband Internet of Things
  • IoT devices can access 2G networks or NB-IoT networks.
  • IoT devices In the prior art, once an IoT device is connected to a certain network, it will always reside on the network without dropping the network. However, for IoT devices, the network environment can be constantly changing. Take mobile IoT devices and the network standards supported by IoT devices are 2G and NB-IoT as an example. As shown in Figure 1, area A is the area covered by the 2G network, area B is the area covered by the NB-IoT network, area C is the overlapping area of area A and area B, and area C is covered by both the 2G network and the NB-IoT network. . If the IoT device is powered on at location A in area A, the IoT device can only search for and access the 2G network.
  • the IoT device When the IoT device moves from location A to area C, the IoT device will continue without disconnecting the network. Resides on a 2G network. However, after the IoT device moves to the area C, because the area C is also covered by the NB-IoT network, the IoT device may reside on the NB-IoT network than on the 2G network, which can better meet the power consumption requirements.
  • This application provides a network switching method, device, and network system, so that after accessing the network, IoT devices can switch to networks of other network standards without disconnecting the network, which helps to improve the network standard switching of IoT devices flexibility.
  • a network system including a server and an IoT device, and the IoT device supports at least two network standards; specifically, the IoT device is used to access A network of the first network standard, and obtaining specific information, and reporting the specific information to the server.
  • the specific information includes geographic location information of the IoT device and network information scanned by the IoT device at the current geographic location; the geographic location information of the IoT device is used to indicate the current geographic location of the IoT device
  • the network information includes at least one of the cell identity, the network standard of the cell, or the network signal strength of the cell;
  • the server is configured to determine a second network standard after receiving the specific information reported by the IoT device, where the second network standard is different from the first network standard; and then send a network switching instruction to the IoT device ,
  • the network switching instruction includes the identifier of the second network standard.
  • the IoT device is further configured to switch from the network of the first network standard to the network of the second network standard according to the network switching instruction after receiving the network switching instruction sent by the server.
  • the server can determine the second network standard after receiving the specific information reported by the IoT device, and send it to The IoT device issues a network switching instruction, so that the IoT device can switch from the network of the first network standard to the network of the second network standard according to the network switching instruction, so that the IoT device can be connected to the network without disconnecting the network. Switching between networks of different network standards helps to improve the flexibility of switching between IoT devices.
  • the server may determine the second network standard based on the following methods:
  • the server determines at least one network standard covering the current geographic location according to specific information
  • the server scores each of the at least one network standard
  • the server determines the second network standard from the at least one network standard according to the scoring result of the at least one network standard, and the second network standard is the network standard with the largest scoring result among the at least one network standard ;
  • the scoring result of the network standard i in the at least one network standard satisfies the following expression:
  • the priority of the second network standard is higher than the priority of the first network standard. Help simplify the implementation.
  • the network handover instruction further includes a target cell identifier, and the target cell identifier is used to indicate the cell to be handed over. This helps to improve the efficiency of network switching.
  • the IoT device can trigger the acquisition of specific information in the following ways:
  • the IoT device determines that the first network standard is not the network standard with the highest priority among the at least two network standards supported by the IoT device; or,
  • the IoT device determines that the distance of movement exceeds the second threshold; or,
  • the IoT device determines to move to the edge of the network coverage of the first network standard. This helps to save the power consumption of IoT devices.
  • the IoT device can obtain specific information in the following ways:
  • the IoT device periodically obtains the specific information. This helps simplify the implementation and further saves the power consumption of IoT devices.
  • the specific information further includes at least one of the following information:
  • the total number of cells scanned by the IoT device in the current geographic location, the number of cells of the same type among the cells scanned by the IoT device in the current geographic location, and the number of cells of the first network standard Identifies or prioritizes at least two network standards supported by the IoT device. Helps simplify the way the server obtains information.
  • the information included in the specific information reported by the IoT device may be different or the same, which is not limited.
  • the specific information may include the priorities of at least two network standards supported by the IoT device, as well as geographic location information and related network information.
  • the specific information may not include the priority of the at least two network standards supported by the IoT device, Help save signaling overhead.
  • a network switching method in an embodiment of the present application is applied to an IoT device, and the IoT device supports at least two network standards, and the method includes:
  • the specific information includes the geographic location information of the IoT device and the network information scanned by the IoT device at the current geographic location; the geographic location information of the IoT device is used to indicate the current geographic location of the IoT device; the network information Including at least one of a cell identity, a network standard of the cell, or a network signal strength of the cell;
  • the network switching instruction includes an identifier of a second network standard; the second network standard is different from the first network standard;
  • the second network standard is the network standard with the largest score among at least one network standard covering the current geographic location, and the at least one network standard is determined by the server according to the specific information of;
  • the scoring result of the network standard i in the at least one network standard satisfies the following expression:
  • Score(i) is the scoring result of the network standard i; i is the identifier of the network standard; d(i) is the proportion of the server historically recommending the network standard i to IoT devices for network switching within a specific location range ; The distance between the geographic location included in the specific location range and the current geographic location of the IoT device does not exceed a first threshold; sum_num is the total number of cells scanned by the IoT device in the current geographic location Num(i) is the number of cells whose network standard is network standard i scanned by the IoT device at the current geographic location; maxSignal(i) is the network scanned by the IoT device at the current geographic location The standard is the maximum value of the network signal strength of the cell of the network standard i; w(i) is the weight coefficient corresponding to the preset network standard i.
  • the priority of the second network standard is higher than the priority of the first network standard.
  • the network handover instruction further includes a target cell identifier, and the target cell identifier is used to indicate the cell to be handed over.
  • the IoT device can trigger the acquisition of specific information in the following ways:
  • the first network standard is not the network standard with the highest priority among the at least two network standards supported by the IoT device; or,
  • the IoT device can obtain specific information in the following ways:
  • the specific information further includes at least one of the following information:
  • the total number of cells scanned by the IoT device in the current geographic location, the number of cells of the same type among the cells scanned by the IoT device in the current geographic location, and the number of cells of the first network standard Identifies or prioritizes at least two network standards supported by the IoT device.
  • a method for network handover is applied to a server, and the method includes:
  • the specific information is reported after the IoT device accesses the network of the first network standard; the specific information includes the geographic location information of the IoT device and the IoT device Network information scanned in the current geographic location; the geographic location information of the IoT device is used to indicate the current geographic location of the IoT device; the network information includes the cell identifier, the cell's network standard, and the cell's network signal strength;
  • the server can determine the second network standard based on the following methods:
  • the second network standard Determining the second network standard from the at least one network standard according to the scoring result of the at least one network standard, where the second network standard is the network standard with the largest scoring result among the at least one network standard;
  • the scoring result of the network standard i in the at least one network standard satisfies the following expression:
  • Score(i) is the scoring result of the network standard i; i is the identifier of the network standard; d(i) is the proportion of the server historically recommending the network standard i to IoT devices for network switching within a specific location range ; The distance between the geographic location included in the specific location range and the current geographic location of the IoT device does not exceed a first threshold; sum_num is the total number of cells scanned by the IoT device in the current geographic location Num(i) is the number of cells whose network standard is network standard i scanned by the IoT device at the current geographic location; maxSignal(i) is the network scanned by the IoT device at the current geographic location The standard is the maximum value of the network signal strength of the cell of the network standard i; w(i) is the weight coefficient corresponding to the preset network standard i.
  • the priority of the second network standard is higher than the priority of the first network standard.
  • the network handover instruction further includes a target cell identifier, and the target cell identifier is used to indicate the cell to be handed over.
  • the specific information further includes at least one of the following information:
  • the total number of cells scanned by the IoT device in the current geographic location, the number of cells of the same type among the cells scanned by the IoT device in the current geographic location, and the number of cells of the first network standard Identifies, or the priority of the at least two network standards.
  • an IoT device supports at least two network standards, and includes a processor and a memory;
  • the memory is used to store program instructions
  • the processor is configured to call the program instructions stored in the memory to cause the IoT device to execute:
  • the specific information includes the geographic location information of the IoT device and the network information scanned by the IoT device at the current geographic location; the geographic location information of the IoT device is used to indicate the current geographic location of the IoT device; the network information Including at least one of a cell identity, a network standard of the cell, or a network signal strength of the cell;
  • the network switching instruction includes an identifier of a second network standard; the second network standard is different from the first network standard;
  • the second network standard is the network standard with the largest score among at least one network standard covering the current geographic location, and the at least one network standard is determined by the server according to the specific information of;
  • the scoring result of the network standard i in the at least one network standard satisfies the following expression:
  • Score(i) is the scoring result of the network standard i; i is the identifier of the network standard; d(i) is the proportion of the server historically recommending the network standard i to IoT devices for network switching within a specific location range ; The distance between the geographic location included in the specific location range and the current geographic location of the IoT device does not exceed a first threshold; sum_num is the total number of cells scanned by the IoT device in the current geographic location Num(i) is the number of cells whose network standard is network standard i scanned by the IoT device at the current geographic location; maxSignal(i) is the network scanned by the IoT device at the current geographic location The standard is the maximum value of the network signal strength of the cell of the network standard i; w(i) is the weight coefficient corresponding to the preset network standard i.
  • the priority of the second network standard is higher than the priority of the first network standard.
  • the network handover instruction further includes a target cell identifier, and the target cell identifier is used to indicate the cell to be handed over.
  • program instructions further include:
  • It is used to determine an instruction to move to the edge of the network coverage of the first network standard before acquiring specific information.
  • the IoT device can obtain specific information based on the following methods:
  • the specific information further includes at least one of the following information:
  • the total number of cells scanned by the IoT device in the current geographic location, the number of cells of the same type among the cells scanned by the IoT device in the current geographic location, and the number of cells of the first network standard Identifies or prioritizes at least two network standards supported by the IoT device.
  • a server in an embodiment of the present application includes: a processor and a memory;
  • the memory is used to store program instructions
  • the processor is configured to call the program instructions stored in the memory, so that the server executes:
  • the specific information is reported after the IoT device accesses the network of the first network standard; the specific information includes the geographic location information of the IoT device and the IoT device Network information scanned in the current geographic location; the geographic location information of the IoT device is used to indicate the current geographic location of the IoT device; the network information includes the cell identifier, the cell's network standard, and the cell's network signal strength;
  • the server can determine specific information based on the following methods:
  • the second network standard Determining the second network standard from the at least one network standard according to the scoring result of the at least one network standard, where the second network standard is the network standard with the largest scoring result among the at least one network standard;
  • the scoring result of the network standard i in the at least one network standard satisfies the following expression:
  • Score(i) is the scoring result of network standard i; i is the identifier of the network standard; d(i) is the proportion of the server historically recommending the network standard i to IoT devices for network switching within a specific location range ; The distance between the geographic location included in the specific location range and the current geographic location of the IoT device does not exceed a first threshold; sum_num is the total number of cells scanned by the IoT device in the current geographic location Num(i) is the number of cells whose network standard is network standard i scanned by the IoT device at the current geographic location; maxSignal(i) is the network scanned by the IoT device at the current geographic location The standard is the maximum value of the network signal strength of the cell of the network standard i; w(i) is the weight coefficient corresponding to the preset network standard i.
  • the priority of the second network standard is higher than the priority of the first network standard.
  • the network handover instruction further includes a target cell identifier, and the target cell identifier is used to indicate the cell to be handed over.
  • the specific information further includes at least one of the following information:
  • the total number of cells scanned by the IoT device in the current geographic location, the number of cells of the same type among the cells scanned by the IoT device in the current geographic location, and the number of cells of the first network standard Identifies or prioritizes at least two network standards supported by the IoT device.
  • an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application includes a device that executes the second aspect or any possible differently designed method of the second aspect.
  • an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application includes a device that executes the third aspect or any possible differently designed method of the third aspect.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a chip, which is coupled to a memory in an electronic device, so that the chip invokes program instructions stored in the memory during operation, so that the electronic device executes the application.
  • a computer storage medium provided by an embodiment of the present application has program instructions stored in the computer storage medium.
  • the program instructions run on an electronic device, the electronic device executes the second aspect of the embodiment of the present application. Or any possible different design method of the second aspect, or any possible different design method of the third aspect or the third aspect of the embodiments of the present application.
  • a computer program product of an embodiment of the present application when the computer program product runs on an electronic device, causes the electronic device to execute the second aspect or any possible difference in the second aspect of the embodiments of the present application
  • the design method, or the third aspect or any possible different design method of the third aspect of the embodiments of the present application when the computer program product runs on an electronic device, causes the electronic device to execute the second aspect or any possible difference in the second aspect of the embodiments of the present application.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a network scenario
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of a method for accessing a network according to an embodiment of this application;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a network system according to an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of another network system according to an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic flowchart of a method for network handover according to an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the application.
  • At least one refers to one or more, and “multiple” refers to two or more.
  • the following at least one (item) or similar expressions refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of a single item (a) or a plurality of items (a).
  • at least one of a, b, or c can mean: a, b, c, a and b, a and c, b and c, or a, b and c, where a, b, c It can be single or multiple.
  • the Internet of Things is a kind of Internet that connects things and includes many different network standards.
  • 2G, 3G, 4G, eMTC, NB-IoT and other network standards can be understood as a type of network.
  • the IoT device can search for networks in order of priority from high to low after starting up or disconnecting from the network, so as to connect to the network of the corresponding network standard and achieve network interconnection. .
  • the priority of the network standard in the embodiment of the present application is pre-configured in the IoT device.
  • the priority of the network standard in the embodiments of the present application may be configured in the IoT device before the IoT device leaves the factory, or set by the user according to actual needs, or determined by the IoT device based on a pre-configured policy, etc. , There is no restriction on this.
  • the priority of the network standard can be pre-configured in the order of power consumption from low to high. Among them, the lower the power consumption of the network standard, the higher the priority of the network standard; and the higher the power consumption of the network standard, the lower the priority of the network standard.
  • the priority of the network standards from high to low can be pre-configured as NB-IoT, eMTC, and 2G. This is because of NB-IoT, eMTC and 2G, NB-IoT has the lowest power consumption, eMTC has the second highest power consumption, and 2G has the highest power consumption.
  • the priority of the network standard may also be pre-configured in the order of the data transmission rate from high to low.
  • the higher the data transmission rate of the network standard the higher the priority of the network standard; the lower the data transmission rate of the network standard, the lower the priority of the network standard.
  • the priority of the network standards from high to low can be pre-configured as 4G, 3G, 2G, eMTC, and NB-IoT.
  • the priority of the network standard in the embodiment of the present application can also be pre-configured in other ways, which is not limited.
  • the network standards the IoT device supports in the embodiment of this application is related to its own software and hardware capabilities.
  • the network standards of networks deployed in different regions may be different. Therefore, the capabilities of the network standards supported by IoT devices produced in different regions are also different.
  • the network standards deployed in the Asian region are 2G, 3G, 4G, and NB-IoT. Therefore, in order to adapt to the networks deployed in the Asian region, IoT devices usually support at least 2G, 3G, 4G or NB-IoT A network standard.
  • the network standards deployed in the European region are 2G, 3G, 4G, and eMTC. Therefore, in order to adapt to the networks deployed in the European region, IoT devices usually support at least one of 2G, 3G, 4G, or eMTC. .
  • the IoT device in the embodiment of the present application when the IoT device in the embodiment of the present application is started for the first time, or when the current network signal is poor, it actively searches the network to achieve the purpose of accessing the network.
  • the IoT device can search the network in order from high to low according to the priority of the pre-configured network standard. If the network with the highest priority network standard is searched, it will access the network with the highest priority network standard. Stop network search. If the network with the highest priority network standard is not searched, the network with the next priority network standard will be searched until the access network is successfully completed. It should be noted that if the IoT device does not search for all supported networks, the network search will fail, and the network search will continue after waiting for the preset time until the network access is successful.
  • the preset duration can be set according to actual conditions, such as 1s, 2s, or 10s, which is not limited.
  • the IoT device 100 takes the IoT device 100 as an example to describe in detail the method for the IoT device to access the network in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the network standards supported by the IoT device 100 are 2G, eMTC, and NB-IoT respectively, and the priority of the network standards from high to low are NB-IoT, eMTC, and 2G.
  • FIG. 2 it is a schematic flowchart of a method for an IoT device to access a network according to an embodiment of this application. Specifically include the following steps.
  • step 201 the IoT device 100 detects that it is powered on or the network connection is disconnected.
  • the IoT device 100 first searches for a network whose network standard is NB-IoT (for ease of description, NB-IoT network for short).
  • NB-IoT is the network standard with the highest priority among the network standards supported by the IoT device 100.
  • step 203 if the IoT device 100 finds the NB-IoT network, it will access the NB-IoT network, and the process ends. For example, if the IoT device 100 only finds one NB-IoT network, it can directly access the searched NB-IoT network. For another example, when the IoT device 100 searches for multiple NB-IoT networks, it can select an NB-IoT network with the highest signal strength to access from the multiple NB-IoT networks found.
  • Step 204 If the IoT device 100 does not search for the NB-IoT network, it searches for a network whose network standard is eMTC (hereinafter referred to as eMTC network). Among them, eMTC is a network standard with priority second only to NB-IoT among the network standards supported by the IoT device 100.
  • eMTC network a network standard with priority second only to NB-IoT among the network standards supported by the IoT device 100.
  • Step 205 If the IoT device 100 finds the eMTC network, it will access the eMTC network, and the process ends.
  • Step 206 If the IoT device 100 does not search for the eMTC network, it searches for a network with a network standard of 2G (hereinafter referred to as a 2G network).
  • 2G is a network standard with priority second only to eMTC among the network standards supported by the IoT device 100. Since the IoT device 100 supports three network standards, 2G can also be referred to as the network standard with the lowest priority among the network standards supported by the IoT device.
  • Step 207 If the IoT device 100 finds a 2G network, it will access the 2G network, and this process ends. It should be noted that, for the manner in which the IoT device 100 accesses the eMTC network or the 2G network in the embodiment of the present application, please refer to the manner in which the IoT device 100 accesses the NB-IoT network, which will not be repeated here.
  • step 208 if the IoT device 100 does not search for a 2G network, the network search fails, and the process ends.
  • step 208 when the IoT device 100 does not search for a 2G network, the IoT device 100 can wait for a preset period of time and then perform step 202 again until the IoT device 100 successfully accesses a network of a certain network standard. .
  • the IoT device 100 will re-execute the network search process when detecting the disconnection, and then access the network of another network standard.
  • the IoT device 100 will not actively trigger a switch from a network of a certain network standard currently connected to a network of another network standard when it is not connected to the Internet.
  • the network environment in which the IoT device 100 is located may change. For example, the location of the IoT device 100 moves, or a new network standard network is deployed around the IoT device 100, etc., which may cause changes in the network environment where the IoT device is located.
  • the IoT device 100 will switch from the 2G network to the NB-IoT network, which can help reduce the power consumption of the IoT device 100 and meet the requirements of the IoT device 100. The need for long battery life.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a method for network switching, which is helpful for enabling IoT devices to actively switch to the second network standard after accessing the network of the first network standard when the network is not connected On the Internet, it can better meet the needs of IoT devices.
  • FIG. 3 an architecture diagram of a communication system to which this embodiment of the application is applicable.
  • the communication system includes an IoT device, an access network device 1, an access network device 2, and a server.
  • FIG. 3 shows an example of a communication system to which the embodiments of this application are applicable.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not limit the number of IoT devices, nor does it limit the number of access network devices and the number of servers.
  • the IoT device in the embodiment of this application supports two or more network standards.
  • IoT devices may be shared bicycles, locators, on-board diagnostics (OBD), etc.
  • the IoT device may also have a positioning function.
  • the IoT device may be used to obtain specific information and report the obtained specific information to the server.
  • the specific information may include geographic location information of the IoT device, and/or network information scanned by the IoT device at the current geographic location.
  • the structure of the IoT device may be as shown in Figure 4a, and the IoT device includes an information collection subsystem and a network standard switching subsystem.
  • the access network equipment in the embodiment of the present application is mainly used to provide a network of one or more network standards.
  • the access network device may have many different manifestations.
  • the access network equipment may be a base station, a micro base station, a relay station, or an access point.
  • the base station may only provide a network of one network standard.
  • the base station only provides a 2G network, and the base station can also be called a 2G base station.
  • the base station can also be called an NB-IoT base station.
  • the base station may also provide networks of multiple network standards.
  • the base station can provide a network with 2G and NB-IoT network standards.
  • the access network device 1 and the access network device 2 may be different devices or the same device.
  • the access network device 1 provides a network of the first network standard for the IoT device
  • the access network device 2 provides a network of the second network standard for the IoT device.
  • the IoT device can realize access to the network of the first network standard by staying in a certain cell covered by the access network device 1.
  • the specific implementation of the IoT device switching from the network of the first network standard to the network of the second network standard may be: the IoT device can be disconnected from The connection of the access network device 1 resides in a certain cell covered by the access network device 2 to access the network of the second network standard.
  • the specific implementation manner for the IoT device to switch from the network of the first network standard to the network of the second network standard can be: the IoT device can stay on from To a certain cell covered by the access network device 1, handover to another cell covered by the access network device 1, thereby realizing network switching of IoT devices with different network standards.
  • the server in the embodiment of the present application is an information processing equipment or device.
  • the server may be a general server, a cloud server, or one or more processors.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific implementation form of the server.
  • the server is mainly used to receive specific information reported by the IoT device, and determine the second network standard according to the specific information.
  • the server is also used to send a network switching instruction to the IoT device, where the network switching instruction includes the identifier of the second network standard.
  • the structure of the server may be as shown in Fig. 4b, and the server includes an information transceiver subsystem and a network standard computing subsystem.
  • the server may also include a database.
  • FIG. 5 it is a schematic flowchart of a method for network handover according to an embodiment of this application, including the following steps.
  • Step 501 The IoT device accesses the network of the first network standard.
  • the method for the IoT device to access the network of the first network standard may refer to the method for the IoT device 100 to access the network shown in FIG. 2.
  • the method in the embodiment of the present application can be used to access the network of the first network standard.
  • the embodiment of the present application may also access the network of the first network standard in other ways, which is not limited.
  • Step 502 The IoT device obtains specific information.
  • the specific information obtained by the IoT device may be triggered periodically or triggered by an event.
  • the IoT device may determine whether to periodically trigger the acquisition of specific information or to trigger the acquisition of specific information eventually according to the current working mode. For example, when the IoT device responds to the user setting the working mode to the suitcase, it obtains specific information periodically. This helps simplify the implementation.
  • the IoT device may also determine that the event triggers to obtain specific information in response to the user setting the working mode to other modes such as running.
  • the IoT device may also adopt other strategies to determine whether to periodically trigger the acquisition of specific information, or event triggers to acquire specific information, or to combine event and periodicity to acquire specific information, etc. This is not limited.
  • the period for acquiring the specific information can be pre-configured in the IoT device.
  • different periods may be pre-configured for different scenarios.
  • the period for obtaining specific information may be the first duration; when it is stationary, the period for obtaining specific information may be the second duration.
  • the first duration may be less than the second duration, thereby helping to meet the needs of IoT devices.
  • a period for obtaining specific information may be directly configured before the IoT device leaves the factory, thereby helping to simplify the implementation.
  • the event that triggers the acquisition of specific information may be: the network standard of the network that the IoT device accesses is not the network standard with the highest priority supported by the IoT device, and the distance of the IoT device's position movement exceeds A certain threshold, or the IoT device moves to the edge of the coverage of the currently accessed network (also called a network roaming event), etc.
  • a certain threshold may be preset in the IoT device, or a threshold determination strategy may be preset in the IoT device. Take the example that the network standard of the network accessed by the IoT device is not the network standard with the highest priority supported by the IoT device.
  • the IoT device can periodically or in real time or event trigger to monitor whether the network standard of the accessed network is the network standard with the highest priority supported by the IoT device.
  • the IoT device acquires specific information when it detects that the network format of the accessed network is not the network format with the highest priority supported by the IoT device.
  • a specific implementation is that when the IoT device detects that the network format of the accessed network is not the network format with the highest priority supported by the IoT device, it can periodically obtain specific information until the IoT device monitors When the network standard of the accessed network is the network standard with the highest priority supported by the IoT device, the step of acquiring specific information is ended.
  • the event that the IoT device is used to trigger the IoT device to detect whether the network standard of the connected network is the highest priority network standard supported by the IoT device may be an event such as successful network access or successful network switching.
  • IoT devices can obtain specific information through the information collection subsystem. It should be noted that the IoT device can monitor the event that triggers the acquisition of specific information through the information collection subsystem, or it can monitor the event that triggers the acquisition of specific information through other modules. When the IoT device monitors the event that triggers the acquisition of specific information through other modules, if it detects the event that triggers the acquisition of specific information, it notifies the information collection subsystem to obtain the specific information.
  • Step 503 The IoT device reports specific information to the server.
  • the IoT device may carry specific information in the business data to be reported and send it to the server, thereby helping to reduce power consumption.
  • the IoT device sends specific information to the information transceiver subsystem of the server through the information collection subsystem.
  • the specific information may include geographic location information of the IoT device, and/or network information within a certain range around the IoT device acquired at the current geographic location.
  • the network information within a certain range around the IoT device acquired at the current geographic location is the network information scanned by the IoT device at the current geographic location.
  • the specific information further includes an identification of the first network standard.
  • the identifier of the network standard may be predefined, and may be a number, character, sequence, etc. For example, if the identifier of 2G is predefined as 00, the identifier of eMTC is 01, the identifier of NB-IoT is 11, and the first network standard is 2G, then the specific information includes 00.
  • the geographic location information of the IoT device is used to indicate the current geographic location of the IoT device.
  • the geographic location information of the IoT device includes coordinate information of the geographic location where the IoT device is currently located, such as latitude and longitude.
  • the geographic location information of the IoT device may also include credibility and time information. Among them, the credibility is used to indicate the reliable probability of the coordinate information obtained by the IoT device, and the time information is used to indicate the time when the IoT device obtains the coordinate information.
  • an IoT device can obtain network information within an area with a current geographic location as the center and a radius of 1 km.
  • the network information may include a cell ID (cell-ID) and/or the network standard of the cell.
  • cell-ID cell ID
  • the network standard of the cell is 2G.
  • the network format of the cell is NB-IoT.
  • the network information may also include the number of cells belonging to the same network standard scanned by the IoT device at the current geographic location, the network signal strength of the cell, and the total number of cells scanned by the IoT device at the current geographic location. Wait.
  • the network signal strength of the cell may include the signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR) of the cell, or the reference signal receiving power (RSRP) of the cell, which can be used to indicate the strength or quality of the network signal. Parameters.
  • the specific information may also include other information, such as the priority of the network standard supported by the IoT device, etc., which is not limited.
  • the server may also save the specific information after receiving the specific information reported by the IoT.
  • the information transceiver subsystem in the server after receiving specific information, stores the specific information in the corresponding database.
  • Step 504 After receiving the specific information reported by the IoT device, the server determines the second network standard.
  • the IoT device when the IoT device is connected to the network of the second network standard at the current geographic location, it can better meet the actual needs of the IoT device than when the IoT device is connected to the network of the first network standard at the current geographic location.
  • the power consumption of the IoT device when the IoT device is connected to the network of the second network standard the function of the IoT device when the IoT device is connected to the network of the first network standard Compared with the consumption, it is lower.
  • the data transmission delay of the IoT device when the IoT device is connected to the network of the second network standard, and when the IoT device is connected to the network of the first network standard Compared with IoT devices, the data transmission delay is smaller.
  • the signal reception quality of the IoT device when the IoT device is connected to the network of the second network standard, and when the IoT device is connected to the network of the first network standard IoT The signal reception quality of the device is higher. That is, compared with the network of the first network standard, the network of the second network standard is a network that is more suitable for the actual access of the IoT device in the current geographic location, thereby helping to meet the actual demand of the IoT device.
  • the second network standard is the optimal network standard, where the network of the optimal network standard is the network most suitable for the access of the IoT device in the current geographic location, which can meet the actual needs of the IoT device to the greatest extent. For example, if the IoT device has a high power consumption requirement, the IoT device is connected to the network of the optimal network standard in the current geographic location, and the power consumption is the lowest. For example, if IoT devices have high cost requirements, the IoT devices can access the network of the optimal network standard in the current geographic location, and the cost is the lowest.
  • the optimal network standard and the network standard with the highest priority are two different concepts.
  • the optimal network standard is the network standard that is most suitable for the network actually accessed by the IoT device in the current geographic location, and can meet the actual needs of the IoT device to the greatest extent.
  • the network standard with the highest priority is related to the communication standard of the network standard itself.
  • the network standard that can meet the actual needs of IoT devices to the maximum extent is pre-configured in IoT devices.
  • the optimal network system may be the network system with the highest priority supported by the IoT device.
  • the optimal network standard can also be different from the network standard with the highest priority supported by the IoT device.
  • the IoT device does not scan the cell with the highest priority network standard supported by the IoT device.
  • the optimal network standard may be the network standard of the cell with the highest network signal strength among at least one cell scanned by the IoT device. This network standard may not be the network standard with the highest priority supported by the IoT device.
  • the server may receive the specific information reported by the IoT device through the information collection subsystem through the information transceiving subsystem, and then send the specific information Send to the network standard computing subsystem. After the network system subsystem receives the specific information, it determines the network system switching instruction according to the specific information.
  • the server may also store the identifier of the second network standard.
  • the network standard computing subsystem of the server stores the identifier of the second network standard in the corresponding database.
  • the server in the embodiment of the present application may consider the priority of the network standard, network signal strength or quality, and historical related data (such as historical specific data in the current geographic location or the vicinity of the current geographic location) when determining the second network standard.
  • At least one factor in the information report record, the record of determining the second network standard in the current geographic location or the history near the current geographic location, etc.) you can also refer to other data besides the above-mentioned related factors. Not limited.
  • Embodiment 1 In the embodiment of the present application, the server only considers the priority of the network standard supported by the IoT device when determining the second network standard, and the priority of the second network standard is higher than the priority of the first network standard.
  • Example 1 The server determines the second network standard according to the geographic location information of the IoT device. Among them, the geographic location information of the IoT device is reported to the server by the IoT device through specific information. In some embodiments, the server determines at least one network standard deployed within a certain range around the current geographic location of the IoT device from the cell deployment information pre-stored in the database based on the geographic location information of the IoT device. Then, the server determines the second network standard from at least one network standard according to the pre-configured priority of the network standard supported by the IoT device. The second network standard may be a network standard with a higher priority than the first network standard among at least one network standard.
  • the second network standard may be the network standard with the highest priority among at least one network standard.
  • the server determines that at least one network standard deployed within a certain range around the current geographic location of the IoT device is NB-IoT, 2G, and 4G. If the first network standard is NB-IoT, the priority of the network standard supported by the IoT device From high to low, 4G, 2G, NB-IoT, eMTC, the server determines that the second network standard can be 4G or 2G.
  • the server determines that at least one network standard deployed within a certain range around the current geographic location of the IoT device is NB-IoT, 2G, and 4G
  • the first network standard is NB-IoT
  • the network standard supported by the IoT device The priority from high to low is 4G, NB-IoT, eMTC, and the server determines that the second network standard is 4G.
  • the cell deployment information may be reported by the IoT device during network search, or may be a database manually configured in the server.
  • the cell deployment information may include geographic location information and the network standard of the cells deployed in the corresponding geographic location.
  • the pre-configured priority of the network standard supported by the IoT device may be sent to the server after the IoT device is turned on for the first time or the priority configuration of the network standard changes. This helps to improve the flexibility of the server to obtain the priority of the network standard supported by the IoT device. For example, when the priority of the network standard is reported by the IoT device, the priority of the network standard of the IoT device can be carried in specific information or business data and reported to the server. This helps to save signaling.
  • the priority of the network standard supported by the pre-configured IoT device is usually configured according to the power consumption, so the server can pre-configure the priority of the network standard according to the power consumption.
  • Example 2 The server determines the second network standard according to the network information scanned by the IoT device at the current geographic location. Among them, the network information scanned by the IoT device at the current geographic location is reported by the IoT device to the server through specific information at the current geographic location. Specifically, the server determines at least one network standard that covers the current geographic location of the IoT device according to the network information scanned by the IoT device at the current geographic location. Then, the server determines the second network standard from the at least one network standard.
  • the second network standard may be a network standard with the highest priority among at least one network standard, or a network standard with a higher priority than the first network standard among at least one network standard.
  • the network information scanned by the IoT device at the current geographic location may include the network standard of the cell and/or the cell identity.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not limit the number of cell identities included in the network information, or the number of network standards of the cells, etc.
  • the server can determine the network standard corresponding to the cell identifier from the cell deployment information pre-stored in the database according to the cell identifier, so that The server can determine at least one network standard that covers the current geographic location of the IoT device.
  • the cell deployment information may be reported by the IoT device during network search, or may be manually configured in the server's database.
  • the deployment information of the cell may include the cell identification and the network standard corresponding to the cell identification.
  • the network information scanned by the IoT device at the current geographic location includes cell ID 1, cell ID 2, cell ID 3, the network standard of cell 1, the network standard of cell 2, and the network standard of cell 3, where cell identity 1 is used for Identifies cell 1, cell identifier 2 is used to identify cell 2, and cell identifier 3 is used to identify cell 3.
  • the network format of cell 1 is 2G
  • the network format of cell 2 is NB-IoT
  • the network format of cell 3 is NB-IoT.
  • the server determines that at least one network standard is 2G and NB-IoT.
  • the priority of the network standard supported by the IoT device is pre-configured as NB-IoT, eMTC and 2G from high to low
  • the first network standard is 2G
  • the server determines that the second network standard is NB-IoT or eMTC.
  • the manner in which the server pre-configures the priority of the network standard supported by the IoT device can be referred to the above related introduction, which will not be repeated here.
  • Example 3 The server determines the second network standard based on the geographic location information of the IoT device and the network information scanned by the IoT device at the current geographic location. Among them, the geographic location information of the IoT device and the network information scanned by the IoT device at the current geographic location are reported by the IoT device to the server through specific information at the current geographic location. Specifically, the server determines at least one network standard based on the geographic location information of the IoT device, and determines at least one network standard based on the network information scanned by the IoT device at the current geographic location, and then the server determines at least one network based on the geographic location information of the IoT device. One network standard, and at least one network standard determined according to network information take the union. The server determines the second network standard in at least one network standard after the union. The second network standard may be a network standard with the highest priority among at least one network standard, or a network standard with a higher priority than the first network standard among at least one network standard.
  • the server determines the specific implementation of at least one network standard based on the geographic location information of the IoT device, please refer to the related introduction of Example 1 in Implementation 1.
  • the server determines the at least one network standard based on the network information scanned by the IoT device at the current geographic location.
  • Example 2 for a specific implementation manner, reference may be made to the related introduction of Example 2 in Embodiment 1, which will not be repeated here.
  • Embodiment 2 In this embodiment of the application, the server only considers the network signal strength or quality when determining the second network standard.
  • the second network standard is obtained from the network standard of the cell with the highest network signal strength among at least one cell.
  • at least one cell is a cell scanned by the IoT device in the current geographic location.
  • Example 1 The server determines at least one cell based on the network information scanned by the IoT device at the current geographic location.
  • the network information scanned by the IoT device at the current geographic location is reported to the server through specific information.
  • the network information scanned by the IoT device at the current geographic location may include the cell identity, the network standard of the cell, and the network signal strength of the cell.
  • the server determines that the network standard of the cell with the highest network signal strength among the at least one cell is the second network standard.
  • the specific implementation of the cell identity, the network standard of the cell, and the network signal strength of the cell can refer to the above related introduction.
  • the network information scanned by the IoT device in the current geographic location includes cell ID 1, cell 1 network standard, cell 1 network signal strength, cell ID 2, cell 2 network standard, cell 2 network signal strength, and cell identity 3.
  • the cell identity 3 is used to identify the cell 3, and the cell identity 4 is used to identify the cell 4.
  • the network standard of cell 1 is 2G
  • the network standard of cell 2 is NB-IoT
  • the network standard of cell 3 is NB-IoT
  • the network standard of cell 4 is eMTC
  • the order of network signal strength from high to low is cell 1.
  • Cell 3, Cell 4, and Cell 2 the server determines that 2G is the second network standard.
  • Example 2 The server determines at least one cell based on the geographic location information of the IoT device and the network information scanned by the IoT device at the current geographic location. Among them, the geographic location information of the IoT device and the network information scanned by the IoT device at the current geographic location are reported by the IoT device to the server through specific information. Specifically, the server determines the historically reported network information within a certain range around the current geographic location from the historical specific information reporting records pre-stored in the database according to the geographic location information of the IoT device. The server determines at least one cell based on historically reported network information and network information scanned by the IoT device at the current geographic location. Then, the server determines that the network standard of the cell with the highest network signal strength among the at least one cell is the second network standard. Among them, the network information includes the cell identifier, the cell's network standard, and the cell's network signal strength.
  • the historically reported network information within a certain range around the current geographic location includes cell ID 1, cell 1 network standard, cell 1 network signal strength, cell ID 2, cell 2 network standard, and cell 2 network signal strength ;
  • the network information scanned by the IoT device in the current geographic location includes cell ID 3, cell 3 network standard, cell 3 network signal strength, cell ID 4, cell 4 network standard, cell 4 network signal strength, and cell ID 5 , The network standard of cell 5, and the network signal strength of cell 5.
  • cell identity 1 is used to identify cell 1
  • cell identity 2 is used to identify cell 2
  • cell identity 3 is used to identify cell 3
  • cell identity 4 is used to identify cell 4
  • cell identity 5 is used to identify cell 5.
  • the network standard of cell 1 is 2G
  • the network standard of cell 2 is NB-IoT
  • the network standard of cell 3 is NB-IoT
  • the network standard of cell 4 is eMTC
  • the network standard of cell 5 is eMTC
  • the network signal strength is higher
  • the descending order is cell 2, cell 4, cell 3, cell 5, and cell 2, and the server determines that NB-IoT is the second network standard.
  • Embodiment 3 In the embodiment of the present application, the server considers the priority of the network standard and the network signal strength or quality when determining the second network standard.
  • the server determines at least one network standard that covers the current geographic location of the IoT device according to specific information. Then, the server scores each of the at least one network standard based on a preset algorithm. The server determines a second network standard from the at least one network standard according to the scoring result of the at least one network standard, where the second network standard is the network standard with the largest scoring result among the at least one network standard.
  • the scoring result of the network standard i in at least one network standard in the embodiment of the present application may satisfy the following expression:
  • Score(i) is the scoring result of the network standard i
  • i is the identifier of the network standard
  • the identifier of the network standard may be a number, and different network standards correspond to different numbers. For example, 1 is used to indicate NB-IoT, 2 is used to indicate eMTC, and 3 is used to indicate 2G.
  • the identifier of the network standard can also be a sequence.
  • w 1 (i) is the weight coefficient corresponding to the priority of the network standard i
  • w 2 (i) is the weight coefficient corresponding to the network signal strength of the cell whose network standard is the network standard i.
  • w 1 (i) and w 2 (i) in the embodiment of the present application may be pre-configured in the server, or may be reported by the IoT device.
  • the weight coefficient corresponding to the priority and the weight coefficient corresponding to the network signal strength may be the same.
  • the weight coefficient for the priority of the network standard may be 0.5
  • the weight coefficient corresponding to the network signal strength may be 0.5.
  • the weight coefficient corresponding to the priority and the weight coefficient corresponding to the network signal strength may be different.
  • the priority of the network standard can be 0.6, and the weight coefficient corresponding to the network signal strength can be 0.4;
  • the network standard is 2G, the priority of the network standard can be Is 0.5, and the weight coefficient corresponding to the network signal strength can be 0.5.
  • num(i) is the number of cells whose network standard is network standard i.
  • sum_num is the total number of cells in a certain range around the current geographic location. Among them, num(i) and sum_num may be determined by the server based on the specific information reported by the IoT device, may also be determined by the server based on the historical report record, or may be determined jointly by the specific information reported by the IoT device and the historical report record.
  • maxSignal(i) is used to indicate the maximum network signal strength of a cell whose network standard is network standard i.
  • each parameter in the above expression may be reported by the IoT device to the server through specific information, or may be determined by the server through calculation based on the specific information reported by the IoT device.
  • the scoring result of the network standard i in at least one network standard in the embodiment of the present application may also satisfy the following expression:
  • Score(i) is the scoring result of the network standard i
  • i is the identifier of the network standard
  • the identifier of the network standard may be a number, and different network standards correspond to different numbers. For example, 1 is used to indicate NB-IoT, 2 is used to indicate eMTC, and 3 is used to indicate 2G.
  • the identifier of the network standard can also be a sequence.
  • d(i) is the proportion of servers historically recommending network standard i to IoT devices for network switching within a specific location range. It is understandable that the server historically recommends network standard i to IoT devices within a specific location range
  • the IoT device can be an IoT device that reports specific information in the current geographic location, or it can be other IoT devices.
  • the specific location range may be a location range around or near the current geographic location of the IoT device. For example, the distance between the geographic location included in the specific location range and the current geographic location of the IoT device does not exceed a preset threshold, for example, the preset threshold may be 1 km or the like.
  • sum_num is the total number of cells scanned by the IoT device in the current geographic location; among them, the total number of cells scanned by the IoT device in the current geographic location is determined by the server according to the specific information reported by the IoT device in the current geographic location. For example, if the specific information includes the cell identities scanned by the IoT device in the current geographic location, the server can determine the total number of cells scanned by the IoT device in the current geographic location based on the number of cell identities included in the specific information. In other embodiments, the specific information may also include the total number of cells scanned by the IoT device in the current geographic location.
  • num(i) is the number of cells whose network standard is network standard i scanned by the IoT device at the current geographic location; among them, the number of cells whose network standard is network standard i scanned by the IoT device at the current geographic location is the server Determined based on specific information reported by the IoT device at the current geographic location. For example, if the specific information includes the cell identifier scanned by the IoT device at the current geographic location and the network standard of the cell, the server can determine the network standard scanned by the IoT device at the current geographic location based on the cell identifier and the network standard of the cell included in the specific information Is the number of cells of network standard i. In other embodiments, the specific information may also include the number of cells whose network standard is network standard i scanned by the IoT device in the current geographic location.
  • maxSignal(i) is the maximum value of the network signal strength of the cell whose network standard is network standard i scanned by the IoT device in the current geographic location; it should be understood that when num(i) is 0, the value of maxSignal(i) Is 0.
  • w(i) is the weight coefficient corresponding to the preset network standard i.
  • w(i) may be used to indicate the priority of the network standard i in at least two network standards supported by the IoT device.
  • the weight system corresponding to the network standard i may be pre-configured in the server, or may be determined by the server according to a preset policy. For example, if the priority of the network standard is NB-IoT the highest, eMTC second, and 2G the lowest, you can pre-configure the weight coefficient corresponding to NB-IoT to 0.5, the weight coefficient corresponding to eMTC to 0.3, and the weight coefficient corresponding to 2G in the server. Is 0.2.
  • the priority of the pre-configured network standards may be different, so the server can pre-configure the corresponding relationship between the priority of the network standard and the weight coefficient, and then based on the priority and weight coefficient of the network standard Correspondence, determine the weight coefficient corresponding to the network standard. For example, the highest priority corresponds to the weight coefficient a1, the second highest priority formula corresponds to the weight coefficient a2, and the lowest priority corresponds to the weight coefficient a0.
  • the server determines the weight coefficient a1, 2G corresponding to the NB-IoT corresponding weight coefficient a2, and eMTC corresponding weight coefficient a0.
  • the priority of the network standard from high to low is 4G, 3G, 2G, eMTC, NB -IoT.
  • each parameter in the above expression may be reported by the IoT device to the server through specific information, or may be determined by the server based on the specific information reported by the IoT device.
  • Step 505 The server sends a network switching instruction to the IoT device, where the network switching instruction includes the identifier of the second network standard.
  • the network handover instruction further includes a target cell identifier, and the target cell identifier is used for at least the cell to be handed over. This helps to narrow the scope of Internet search by IoT devices and improve the efficiency of Internet search.
  • the server sends a network switching instruction to the IoT device when the second network standard is different from the first network standard. In other embodiments, when the second network standard is the same as the first network standard, the server does not perform the step of sending a network switching instruction to the IoT device. This helps to save the power consumption of IoT devices.
  • the IoT device may notify the server of the network standard currently connected to the IoT device by carrying the identifier of the first network standard in the specific information, thereby simplifying the implementation manner for the server to obtain the first network standard.
  • the server in the embodiment of the present application may also directly send a network switching instruction to the IoT device after determining the second network standard. After the IoT device receives the network switching instruction, it determines whether it is the same as the first network standard. Do not perform network switching, if different, perform network switching.
  • the server determines the second network standard through the network standard calculation subsystem, it generates a network switching instruction, and the network switching instruction includes the identifier of the second network standard.
  • the network standard computing subsystem returns the network switching instruction to the information transceiving subsystem, and the information transceiving subsystem sends the network standard switching instruction to the network standard switching subsystem of the IoT device.
  • the network standard computing subsystem generates a network switching command when the second network standard is different from the first network standard, and returns the network standard switching command to the information transceiver subsystem.
  • Step 506 After receiving the network switching instruction sent by the server, the IoT device switches from the network of the first network standard to the network of the second network standard according to the network switching instruction.
  • the IoT device after receiving the network switching instruction sent by the server, can switch from the network of the first network standard to the network of the second network standard according to the network switching instruction when there is no data service. This helps reduce the impact of network switching on data services.
  • the IoT device can disconnect the connected network of the first network standard, and then the IoT device connects to the network of the second network standard.
  • the IoT device can search for the network of the second network standard, and after searching for the network of the second network standard, connect to the network of the second network network standard to reach the network The purpose of the switch.
  • the IoT device may first determine whether the second network standard is the same as the first network standard. When the first network standard is different from the second network standard, the connected network of the first network standard can be disconnected, and the network of the second network standard can be connected.
  • the IoT device when the IoT device fails to switch the network according to the network switch instruction, it can report the reason for the network switch failure to the server.
  • the reason for the failure of the network switching may be that the network of the second network standard has not been searched, or the network of the second network standard is in a congested state. This helps the server improve the reliability of determining the second network standard.
  • the IoT device when the IoT device fails to switch the network according to the network switch instruction, it can also fall back to the network of the first network standard, which helps to enable the IoT device to access the network and reduce the disconnection of the IoT device due to the network switch. Possibility of the net.
  • the IoT device may obtain geographic location information through the positioning module in the IoT device, or may determine geographic location information through a preset algorithm (such as location-based service (LBS)).
  • the location information of the IoT device can also be obtained from the access network device, etc., and the method of obtaining the geographic location information of the IoT device is not limited.
  • the positioning module may be a global positioning system (global positioning system, GPS) chip.
  • the network switching method in the embodiment of the present application may be integrated on the positioning module, or may be an independent module, which is not limited.
  • the determination of the second network standard can also be completed by the IoT device itself, without involving the server.
  • the method for determining the second network standard by the IoT device can refer to the server to determine the second network standard. The way, I won’t repeat it here.
  • the method provided in the embodiments of the present application is introduced from the perspective of the IoT device and the server as the execution subject.
  • the IoT device or server may include a hardware structure and/or software module, and implement the above functions in the form of a hardware structure, a software module, or a hardware structure plus a software module. Whether a certain function of the above-mentioned functions is executed by a hardware structure, a software module, or a hardware structure plus a software module depends on the specific application and design constraint conditions of the technical solution.
  • an embodiment of the present application discloses an electronic device 600.
  • the electronic device 600 may include: one or more processors 601 and a memory 602.
  • the aforementioned devices may be connected through one or more communication buses.
  • the aforementioned various devices involved in the embodiments of the present application may also be connected in other ways.
  • the memory 602 stores program instructions; the processor 601 calls the program instructions stored in the memory 602 to make the electronic device 600 execute the network switching method in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the processor 601 calls the program instructions stored in the memory 602 to make the electronic device execute the steps performed by the IoT device in the method for network switching shown in FIG. 5.
  • the processor 601 calls the program instructions stored in the memory 602 to make the electronic device execute the steps executed by the server in the network switching method shown in FIG. 5.
  • the processor 601 may be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor, an application specific integrated circuit, a field programmable gate array or other programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic device, or a discrete hardware component. Or execute the methods, steps, and logical block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor.
  • the steps of the method disclosed in the embodiments of the present application may be directly embodied as being executed and completed by a hardware processor, or executed and completed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the processor.
  • the software module may be located in the memory 602, and the processor 601 reads the program instructions in the memory 602, and completes the steps of the foregoing method in combination with its hardware.
  • the memory 602 may be a non-volatile memory, such as a hard disk drive (HDD) or a solid-state drive (SSD), etc., or a volatile memory (volatile memory).
  • a non-volatile memory such as a hard disk drive (HDD) or a solid-state drive (SSD), etc.
  • a volatile memory volatile memory
  • RAM random-access memory
  • the memory may also be any other medium that can be used to carry or store desired program codes in the form of instructions or data structures and that can be accessed by a computer, but is not limited thereto.
  • the memory in the embodiments of the present application may also be a circuit or any other device capable of realizing a storage function for storing program instructions and/or data.
  • the electronic device 600 of the embodiment of the present application further includes a transceiver 603.
  • the transceiver 603 may be used to send specific information to the server or receive a network switching instruction sent by the server.
  • the transceiver 603 can be used to receive specific information sent by the IoT device and send a network switching instruction to the IoT device.
  • the transceiver 603 may be a circuit, a bus, a communication interface, or any other device that can be used for signal interaction.
  • a person of ordinary skill in the art may be aware that the units and algorithm steps of the examples described in combination with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented by electronic hardware or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are performed by hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraint conditions of the technical solution. Professional technicians can use different methods for each specific application to achieve the described functions.
  • the disclosed system, device, and method may be implemented in other ways.
  • the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative.
  • the division of the units is only a logical function division, and there may be other divisions in actual implementation, for example, multiple units or components may be combined or It can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not implemented.
  • the displayed or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and may be in electrical, mechanical or other forms.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place, or they may be distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the objectives of the solutions of the embodiments.
  • the functional units in the various embodiments of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the function is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer readable storage medium.
  • the technical solution of this application essentially or the part that contributes to the existing technology or the part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including Several instructions are used to make a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) or a processor (processor) execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present application.
  • the aforementioned storage media include: U disk, mobile hard disk, ROM, RAM, magnetic disk or optical disk and other media that can store program codes.

Abstract

一种网络切换方法、设备及网络系统，涉及物联网技术领域。该网络系统包括服务器和支持至少两个网络制式的IoT设备；其中IoT设备用于接入第一网络制式的网络，获取特定信息，并向服务器上报特定信息。特定信息包括IoT设备的地理位置信息和IoT设备在当前地理位置扫描到的网络信息。服务器用于接收到IoT设备上报的特定信息后，确定第二网络制式；然后向IoT设备发送网络切换指令，网络切换指令包括所述第二网络制式的标识。IoT设备还用于在接收到服务器发送的网络切换指令后，根据网络切换指令，从第一网络制式的网络切换到第二网络制式的网络。这种技术方案，有助于提高IoT设备网络制式切换的灵活性。

Description

一种网络切换的方法、设备及网络系统 技术领域
本申请涉及物联网技术领域，特别涉及一种网络切换的方法、设备及网络系统。
背景技术
随着物联网技术的不断发展，物联网(internet of things，IoT)设备可以支持多种网络制式，例如第二代通信(2nd generation，2G)、增强机器类通信(enhanced machine type communications，eMTC)、窄带物联网(narrow band Internet of things，NB-IoT)等网络制式。例如，IoT设备当支持的网络制式为2G和NB-IoT时，可以接入2G网络，也可以接入NB-IoT网络。
现有技术中IoT设备一旦接入某个网络后，在不掉网的情况下，会一直驻留在该网络。但是，对于IoT设备来说，网络环境是可以不断变化的。以可移动的IoT设备、且IoT设备支持的网络制式为2G和NB-IoT为例。如图1所示，区域A为2G网络覆盖的区域，区域B为NB-IoT网络覆盖的区域，区域C为区域A和区域B的重叠区域，区域C被2G网络和NB-IoT网络同时覆盖。若IoT设备在区域A中的位置A开机启动，则IoT设备只能搜索、接入2G网络，当IoT设备从位置A移动到区域C中后，IoT设备在不掉网的情况下，会一直驻留在2G网络。然而，IoT设备在移动到区域C后，由于区域C也被NB-IoT网络覆盖，IoT设备有可能驻留在NB-IoT网络比驻留在2G网络，更能满足功耗的需求。
综上所述，目前，IoT设备在接入网络后，在不掉网的情况下，无法切换网络，因此，现有技术中IoT设备网络切换机制的灵活性较差。
发明内容
本申请提供一种网络切换方法、设备及网络系统，使得IoT设备在接入网络后，在不掉网的情况下，切换到其它网络制式的网络上，有助于提高IoT设备网络制式切换的灵活性。
第一方面，本申请实施例的一种网络系统，其中，所述网络系统包括服务器和物联网IoT设备，所述IoT设备支持至少两个网络制式；具体的，所述IoT设备用于接入第一网络制式的网络，以及获取特定信息，并向所述服务器上报所述特定信息。其中，所述特定信息包括所述IoT设备的地理位置信息、和所述IoT设备在当前地理位置扫描到的网络信息；所述IoT设备的地理位置信息用于指示所述IoT设备的当前地理位置；所述网络信息包括小区标识、小区的网络制式、或小区的网络信号强度中的至少一个；
所述服务器用于接收到所述IoT设备上报的所述特定信息后，确定第二网络制式，所述第二网络制式与所述第一网络制式不同；然后向所述IoT设备发送网络切换指令，所述网络切换指令包括所述第二网络制式的标识。
所述IoT设备，还用于在接收到所述服务器发送的所述网络切换指令后，根据所述网络切换指令，从所述第一网络制式的网络切换到所述第二网络制式的网络。
本申请实施例中，由于IoT设备能够在接入第一网络制式的网络后，主动向服务器上报特定信息，使得服务器可以在接收到IoT设备上报的特定信息后，确定第二网络制式，并向IoT设备下发网络切换指令，使得IoT设备能够根据网络切换指令从第一网络制式的 网络切换到第二网络制式的网络，从而使得IoT设备在接入网络后，在不掉网的情况下，进行不同网络制式的网络的切换，有助于提高IoT设备网络制式切换的灵活性。
在一种可能的设计中，所述服务器可以基于下列方式确定第二网络制式：
所述服务器根据特定信息，确定覆盖所述当前地理位置的至少一个网络制式；
所述服务器对所述至少一个网络制式中每个网络制式打分；
所述服务器根据所述至少一个网络制式的打分结果，从所述至少一个网络制式中确定所述第二网络制式，所述第二网络制式为所述至少一个网络制式中打分结果最大的网络制式；
其中，所述至少一个网络制式中网络制式i的打分结果满足下述表达式：
Score(i)＝d(i)×(num(i)/sum_num)+maxSignal(i)×w(i)；
Score(i)为网络制式i的打分结果；i为网络制式的标识；d(i)为所述服务器在特定位置范围内历史上将所述网络制式i推荐给IoT设备用于网络切换的比例；所述特定位置范围为所述IoT设备的地理位置的附近的一定位置范围，例如，所述特定位置范围所包括的地理位置与所述IoT设备的当前地理位置之间的距离不超过第一阈值；sum_num为所述IoT设备在所述当前地理位置扫描到的小区的总个数；num(i)为所述IoT设备在所述当前地理位置扫描到的网络制式为网络制式i的小区的个数；maxSignal(i)为所述IoT设备在所述当前地理位置扫描到的网络制式为网络制式i的小区的网络信号强度的最大值；w(i)为预先设置的网络制式i对应的权重系数。
通过上述技术方案，有助于使得电子设备切换到更能满足电子设备实际需求的网络制式的网络上，提高用户体验。
在一种可能的设计中，所述第二网络制式的优先级高于所述第一网络制式的优先级。有助于简化实现方式。
在一种可能的设计中，所述网络切换指令还包括目标小区标识，所述目标小区标识用于指示待切换的小区。从而有助于提高网络切换的效率。
在一种可能的设计中，所述IoT设备可以通过下列方式触发获取特定信息：
所述IoT设备确定所述第一网络制式不是所述IoT设备支持的至少两个网络制式中优先级最高的网络制式；或者，
所述IoT设备确定移动的距离超过第二阈值；或者，
所述IoT设备确定移动到所述第一网络制式的网络覆盖边缘。从而有助于节省IoT设备的功耗。
在一种可能的设计中，所述IoT设备可以通过下列方式获取特定信息：
所述IoT设备周期性获取所述特定信息。从而有助于简化实现方式，进一步节省IoT设备的功耗。
在一种可能的设计中，所述特定信息还包括以下信息中的至少一个：
所述IoT设备在所述当前地理位置扫描到的小区的总个数、所述IoT设备在所述当前地理位置扫描到的小区中属于同一类型的小区的个数、所述第一网络制式的标识、或所述IoT设备支持的至少两个网络制式的优先级。有助于简化服务器获取信息的方式。
示例的，本申请实施例中，在不同的情况下，IoT设备上报的特定信息所包括的信息可以不同，也可以相同，对此不作限定。例如，IoT设备首次上报特定信息时，特定信息可以包括所述IoT设备支持的至少两个网络制式的优先级、以及地理位置信息和相关网络 信息等。而IoT设备在支持的至少两个网络制式的优先级未发生变化时，且非首次上报特定信息的情况下，特定信息中可以不包括所述IoT设备支持的至少两个网络制式的优先级，有助于节省信令开销。
第二方面，本申请实施例中的一种网络切换方法，所述方法应用于IoT设备，且所述IoT设备支持至少两个网络制式，所述方法包括：
接入第一网络制式的网络；
获取特定信息，所述特定信息包括IoT设备的地理位置信息、IoT设备在当前地理位置扫描到的网络信息；所述IoT设备的地理位置信息用于指示IoT设备的当前地理位置；所述网络信息包括小区标识、小区的网络制式、或小区的网络信号强度中的至少一个；
向服务器上报所述特定信息；
接收服务器根据所述特定信息发送的网络切换指令，所述网络切换指令包括第二网络制式的标识；所述第二网络制式与所述第一网络制式不同；
根据所述网络切换指令，从所述第一网络制式的网络切换到所述第二网络制式的网络。
在一种可能的设计中，所述第二网络制式为覆盖所述当前地理位置的至少一个网络制式中打分结果最大的网络制式，所述至少一个网络制式是所述服务器根据所述特定信息确定的；
其中，所述至少一个网络制式中网络制式i的打分结果满足下述表达式：
Score(i)＝d(i)×(num(i)/sum_num)+maxSignal(i)×w(i)；
Score(i)为网络制式i的打分结果；i为网络制式的标识；d(i)为所述服务器在特定位置范围内历史上将所述网络制式i推荐给IoT设备用于网络切换的比例；所述特定位置范围所包括的地理位置与所述IoT设备的当前地理位置之间的距离不超过第一阈值；sum_num为所述IoT设备在所述当前地理位置扫描到的小区的总个数；num(i)为所述IoT设备在所述当前地理位置扫描到的网络制式为网络制式i的小区的个数；maxSignal(i)为所述IoT设备在所述当前地理位置扫描到的网络制式为网络制式i的小区的网络信号强度的最大值；w(i)为预先设置的网络制式i对应的权重系数。
在一种可能的设计中，所述第二网络制式的优先级高于所述第一网络制式的优先级。
在一种可能的设计中，所述网络切换指令还包括目标小区标识，所述目标小区标识用于指示待切换的小区。
在一种可能的设计中，所述IoT设备可以通过下列方式触发获取特定信息：
确定所述第一网络制式不是所述IoT设备支持的至少两个网络制式中优先级最高的网络制式；或者，
确定移动的距离超过第二阈值；或者，
确定移动到所述第一网络制式的网络覆盖边缘。
在一种可能的设计中，所述IoT设备可以通过下列方式获取特定信息：
周期性获取所述特定信息。
在一种可能的设计中，所述特定信息还包括以下信息中的至少一个：
所述IoT设备在所述当前地理位置扫描到的小区的总个数、所述IoT设备在所述当前地理位置扫描到的小区中属于同一类型的小区的个数、所述第一网络制式的标识、或所述IoT设备支持的至少两个网络制式的优先级。
第三方面，本申请实施例的一种网络切换的方法，所述方法应用于服务器，所述方法包括：
接收物联网IoT设备上报的特定信息；所述特定信息是所述IoT设备接入第一网络制式的网络后上报的；所述特定信息包括所述IoT设备的地理位置信息、和所述IoT设备在当前地理位置扫描到的网络信息；所述IoT设备的地理位置信息用于指示所述IoT设备的当前地理位置；所述网络信息包括小区标识、小区的网络制式、和小区的网络信号强度；
根据所述特定信息，确定第二网络制式；所述第二网络制式与所述第一网络制式不同；
向所述IoT设备发送网络切换指令，所述网络切换指令包括第二网络制式的标识。
在一种可能的设计中，服务器可以基于下列方式确定第二网络制式：
根据特定信息，确定覆盖所述当前地理位置的至少一个网络制式；
对所述至少一个网络制式中每个网络制式打分；
根据所述至少一个网络制式的打分结果，从所述至少一个网络制式中确定所述第二网络制式，所述第二网络制式为所述至少一个网络制式中打分结果最大的网络制式；
其中，所述至少一个网络制式中网络制式i的打分结果满足下述表达式：
Score(i)＝d(i)×(num(i)/sum_num)+maxSignal(i)×w(i)；
Score(i)为网络制式i的打分结果；i为网络制式的标识；d(i)为所述服务器在特定位置范围内历史上将所述网络制式i推荐给IoT设备用于网络切换的比例；所述特定位置范围所包括的地理位置与所述IoT设备的当前地理位置之间的距离不超过第一阈值；sum_num为所述IoT设备在所述当前地理位置扫描到的小区的总个数；num(i)为所述IoT设备在所述当前地理位置扫描到的网络制式为网络制式i的小区的个数；maxSignal(i)为所述IoT设备在所述当前地理位置扫描到的网络制式为网络制式i的小区的网络信号强度的最大值；w(i)为预先设置的网络制式i对应的权重系数。
在一种可能的设计中，所述第二网络制式的优先级高于所述第一网络制式的优先级。
在一种可能的设计中，所述网络切换指令还包括目标小区标识，所述目标小区标识用于指示待切换的小区。
在一种可能的设计中，所述特定信息还包括以下信息中的至少一个：
所述IoT设备在所述当前地理位置扫描到的小区的总个数、所述IoT设备在所述当前地理位置扫描到的小区中属于同一类型的小区的个数、所述第一网络制式的标识、或所述至少两个网络制式的优先级。
第四方面，本申请实施例的一种物联网IoT设备，所述IoT设备支持至少两个网络制式，包括处理器和存储器；
其中，所述存储器，用于存储程序指令；
所述处理器用于调用所述存储器存储的所述程序指令，使得所述IoT设备执行：
接入第一网络制式的网络；
获取特定信息，所述特定信息包括IoT设备的地理位置信息、IoT设备在当前地理位置扫描到的网络信息；所述IoT设备的地理位置信息用于指示IoT设备的当前地理位置；所述网络信息包括小区标识、小区的网络制式、或小区的网络信号强度中的至少一个；
向服务器上报所述特定信息；
接收服务器根据所述特定信息发送的网络切换指令，所述网络切换指令包括第二网络制式的标识；所述第二网络制式与所述第一网络制式不同；
根据所述网络切换指令，从所述第一网络制式的网络切换到所述第二网络制式的网络。
在一种可能的设计中，所述第二网络制式为覆盖所述当前地理位置的至少一个网络制式中打分结果最大的网络制式，所述至少一个网络制式是所述服务器根据所述特定信息确定的；
其中，所述至少一个网络制式中网络制式i的打分结果满足下述表达式：
Score(i)＝d(i)×(num(i)/sum_num)+maxSignal(i)×w(i)；
Score(i)为网络制式i的打分结果；i为网络制式的标识；d(i)为所述服务器在特定位置范围内历史上将所述网络制式i推荐给IoT设备用于网络切换的比例；所述特定位置范围所包括的地理位置与所述IoT设备的当前地理位置之间的距离不超过第一阈值；sum_num为所述IoT设备在所述当前地理位置扫描到的小区的总个数；num(i)为所述IoT设备在所述当前地理位置扫描到的网络制式为网络制式i的小区的个数；maxSignal(i)为所述IoT设备在所述当前地理位置扫描到的网络制式为网络制式i的小区的网络信号强度的最大值；w(i)为预先设置的网络制式i对应的权重系数。
在一种可能的设计中，所述第二网络制式的优先级高于所述第一网络制式的优先级。
在一种可能的设计中，所述网络切换指令还包括目标小区标识，所述目标小区标识用于指示待切换的小区。
在一种可能的设计中，所述程序指令还包括：
用于获取特定信息之前，确定所述第一网络制式不是所述IoT设备支持的至少两个网络制式中优先级最高的网络制式的指令；或者，
用于获取特定信息之前，确定移动的距离超过第二阈值的指令；或者，
用于获取特定信息之前，确定移动到所述第一网络制式的网络覆盖边缘的指令。
在一种可能的设计中，所述IoT设备可以基于下列方式获取特定信息：
周期性获取所述特定信息。
在一种可能的设计中，所述特定信息还包括以下信息中的至少一个：
所述IoT设备在所述当前地理位置扫描到的小区的总个数、所述IoT设备在所述当前地理位置扫描到的小区中属于同一类型的小区的个数、所述第一网络制式的标识、或所述IoT设备支持的至少两个网络制式的优先级。
第五方面，本申请实施例中的一种服务器，包括：处理器和存储器；
所述存储器，用于存储程序指令；
所述处理器，用于调用所述存储器存储的所述程序指令，使得所述服务器执行：
接收物联网IoT设备上报的特定信息；所述特定信息是所述IoT设备接入第一网络制式的网络后上报的；所述特定信息包括所述IoT设备的地理位置信息、和所述IoT设备在当前地理位置扫描到的网络信息；所述IoT设备的地理位置信息用于指示所述IoT设备的当前地理位置；所述网络信息包括小区标识、小区的网络制式、和小区的网络信号强度；
根据所述特定信息，确定第二网络制式；所述第二网络制式与所述第一网络制式不同；
向所述IoT设备发送网络切换指令，所述网络切换指令包括第二网络制式的标识。
在一种可能的设计中，所述服务器可以基于下列方式确定特定信息：
根据特定信息，确定覆盖所述当前地理位置的至少一个网络制式；
对所述至少一个网络制式中每个网络制式打分；
根据所述至少一个网络制式的打分结果，从所述至少一个网络制式中确定所述第二网络制式，所述第二网络制式为所述至少一个网络制式中打分结果最大的网络制式；
其中，所述至少一个网络制式中网络制式i的打分结果满足下述表达式：
Score(i)＝d(i)×(num(i)/sum_num)+maxSignal(i)×w(i)；
Score(i)为网络制式i的打分结果；i为网络制式的标识；d(i)为所述服务器在特定位置范围内历史上将所述网络制式i推荐给IoT设备用于网络切换的比例；所述特定位置范围所包括的地理位置与所述IoT设备的当前地理位置之间的距离不超过第一阈值；sum_num为所述IoT设备在所述当前地理位置扫描到的小区的总个数；num(i)为所述IoT设备在所述当前地理位置扫描到的网络制式为网络制式i的小区的个数；maxSignal(i)为所述IoT设备在所述当前地理位置扫描到的网络制式为网络制式i的小区的网络信号强度的最大值；w(i)为预先设置的网络制式i对应的权重系数。
在一种可能的设计中，所述第二网络制式的优先级高于所述第一网络制式的优先级。
在一种可能的设计中，所述网络切换指令还包括目标小区标识，所述目标小区标识用于指示待切换的小区。
在一种可能的设计中，所述特定信息还包括以下信息中的至少一个：
所述IoT设备在所述当前地理位置扫描到的小区的总个数、所述IoT设备在所述当前地理位置扫描到的小区中属于同一类型的小区的个数、所述第一网络制式的标识、或所述IoT设备支持的至少两个网络制式的优先级。
第六方面，本申请实施例提供的一种电子设备，包括所述电子设备包括执行第二方面以或第二方面任一可能的不同设计的方法的装置。
第七方面，本申请实施例提供的一种电子设备，包括所述电子设备包括执行第三方面以或第三方面任一可能的不同设计的方法的装置。
第八方面，本申请实施例提供的一种芯片，所述芯片与电子设备中的存储器耦合，使得所述芯片在运行时调用所述存储器中存储的程序指令，使得所述电子设备执行本申请实施例第二方面或第二方面任一可能的不同设计的方法、或者，本申请实施例第三方面或第三方面任一可能的不同设计的方法。
第九方面，本申请实施例提供的一种计算机存储介质，所述计算机存储介质中存储有程序指令，当所述程序指令在电子设备上运行时，使得电子设备执行本申请实施例第二方面或第二方面任一可能的不同设计的方法、或者，本申请实施例第三方面或第三方面任一可能的不同设计的方法。
第十方面，本申请实施例的一种计算机程序产品，当所述计算机程序产品在电子设备上运行时，使得所述电子设备执行本申请实施例第二方面或第二方面任一可能的不同设计的方法、或者，本申请实施例第三方面或第三方面任一可能的不同设计的方法。
另外，第二方面以及第十方面的任一可能的设计方式所带来的技术效果可参见本申请实施例第一方面不同设计方式所带来的技术效果，此处不再赘述。
附图说明
图1为一种网络场景示意图；
图2为本申请实施例一种接入网络的方法的流程示意图；
图3为本申请实施例一种网络系统的示意图；
图4为本申请实施例另一种网络系统的示意图；
图5为本申请实施例一种网络切换的方法的流程示意图；
图6为本申请实施例的电子设备的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
本申请实施例中的“至少一个”是指一个或者多个，“多个”是指两个或两个以上。“以下至少一(项)个”或其类似表达，是指的这些项中的任意组合，包括单项(个)或复数项(个)的任意组合。例如，a、b或c中的至少一项(个)，可以表示：a，b，c，a和b，a和c，b和c，或a、b和c，其中a、b、c可以是单个，也可以是多个。
应理解，物联网是一种物物相连的互联网，包括多种不同的网络制式。例如，2G、3G、4G、eMTC、NB-IoT等网络制式。其中，一种网络制式可以理解为一种网络的类型。而当IoT设备支持多种不同的网络制式时，可以在开机启动或者断网后，按照网络制式的优先级从高到低的顺序搜索网络，从而接入相应网络制式的网络，实现网络互连。
本申请实施例中网络制式的优先级是预先配置在IoT设备中的。具体的，本申请实施例中网络制式的优先级可以是IoT设备出厂之前配置在IoT设备中的，也可以是用户根据实际需求设置的，还可以是由IoT设备基于预先配置的策略确定的等，对此不作限定。通常情况下，由于IoT设备对功耗要求较高，因此，网络制式的优先级可以是按照功耗从低到高的顺序预先配置的。其中，网络制式的功耗越低，网络制式的优先级越高；而网络制式的功耗越高，网络制式的优先级越低。例如，当IoT设备支持的网络制式分别为2G、eMTC和NB-IoT时，网络制式的优先级从高到低可以预先配置为NB-IoT、eMTC、2G。这是由于NB-IoT、eMTC和2G中，NB-IoT的功耗最低，eMTC的功耗次之，而2G的功耗最高。
在另一些实施例中，网络制式的优先级还可以按照数据传输速率从高到低的顺序预先配置。其中，网络制式的数据传输速率越高，网络制式的优先级越高；网络制式的数据传输速率越低，网络制式的优先级越低。例如，当IoT设备支持的网络制式分别为2G、3G、4G、eMTC和NB-IoT时，网络制式的优先级从高到低可以预先配置为4G、3G、2G、eMTC和NB-IoT。
此外，本申请实施例中网络制式的优先级还可以按照其他方式预先配置，对此不作限定。
本申请实施例中IoT设备支持哪些网络制式，与自身的软、硬件能力相关。通常情况下，不同区域部署的网络的网络制式可能存在差异性，因此，针对不同区域生产的IoT设备支持的网络制式的能力也不相同。例如，在亚洲区域范围内部署有网络制式分别为2G、3G、4G、NB-IoT，因此为了适应亚洲区域范围内部署的网络，IoT设备通常支持2G、3G、4G或NB-IoT中的至少一个网络制式。再例如，在欧洲区域范围内部署有网络制式分别为2G、3G、4G和eMTC，因此为了适应欧洲区域范围内部署的网络，IoT设备通常支持2G、3G、4G或eMTC中的至少一个网络制式。
应理解，本申请实施例中IoT设备当首次启动时、或者当前网络信号较差掉网时，主动搜索网络，以达到接入网络的目的。
具体的，IoT设备可以按照预先配置的网络制式的优先级从高到低的顺序依次进行搜网，若搜索到优先级最高的网络制式的网络，则接入优先级最高的网络制式的网络，停止网络搜索。若未搜索到优先级最高的网络制式的网络，则搜索下一优先级的网络制式的网 络，直至接入网络成功结束。需要说明的是，IoT设备若未搜索到所有支持的网络制式的网络，则网络搜索失败，等待预设时长之后继续进行网络搜索，直至接入网络成功为止。例如，预设时长可以根据实际情况进行设定，例如1s、2s或者10s等，对此不作限定。
下面以IoT设备100为例，对本申请实施例IoT设备接入网络的方法进行详细介绍。具体的，IoT设备100支持的网络制式分别为2G、eMTC和NB-IoT、且网络制式的优先级从高到低依次为NB-IoT、eMTC和2G。如图2所示，为本申请实施例IoT设备接入网络的方法的流程示意图。具体包括以下步骤。
步骤201，IoT设备100检测到开机启动或者网络连接断开。
步骤202，IoT设备100首先搜索网络制式为NB-IoT的网络(为描述方便，以下简称为NB-IoT网络)。其中，NB-IoT为IoT设备100支持的网络制式中优先级最高的网络制式。
步骤203，IoT设备100若搜索到NB-IoT网络，则接入NB-IoT网络，本流程结束。例如，IoT设备100若仅搜索到一个NB-IoT网络，则可以直接接入搜索到的NB-IoT网络。再例如，IoT设备100搜索到多个NB-IoT网络时，可以从搜索到的多个NB-IoT网络中选择一个信号强度最高的NB-IoT网络接入。
步骤204，IoT设备100若未搜索到NB-IoT网络，则搜索网络制式为eMTC的网络(以下简称为eMTC网络)。其中，eMTC为IoT设备100支持的网络制式中优先级仅次于NB-IoT的网络制式。
步骤205，IoT设备100若搜索到eMTC网络，则接入eMTC网络，本流程结束。
步骤206，IoT设备100若未搜索到eMTC网络，则搜索网络制式为2G的网络(以下简称为2G网络)。其中，2G为IoT设备100支持的网络制式中优先级仅次于eMTC的网络制式。由于IoT设备100支持的网络制式为3种，因此2G又可以称之为IoT设备支持的网络制式中优先级最低的网络制式。
步骤207，IoT设备100若搜索到2G网络，则接入2G网络，本流程结束。需要说明的是，本申请实施例中IoT设备100接入eMTC网络或者2G网络的方式，可以参见IoT设备100接入NB-IoT网络的方式，在此不再赘述。
步骤208，IoT设备100若未搜索到2G网络，则搜网失败，本流程结束。
需要说明的是，在步骤208中，当IoT设备100未搜索到2G网络时，IoT设备100可以等待预设时长之后，重新执行步骤202，直至IoT设备100接入某一网络制式的网络成功为止。
现有技术中，一旦IoT设备100接入某一网络制式的网络成功后，IoT设备100在检测到断网时，才会重新执行网络搜索的过程，进而接入另一网络制式的网络。但是，IoT设备100在不断网的情况下，不会主动触发从当前接入的某一网络制式的网络切换到另一网络制式的网络。然而，IoT设备100所处的网络环境是有可能发生变化的。示例的，IoT设备100的位置移动、或者IoT设备100的周围部署了新的网络制式的网络等，都可能导致IoT设备所处的网络环境发生变化。例如，IoT设备100当前所在的地理位置从仅由2G网络覆盖变化为由2G网络和NB-IoT网络同时覆盖，则在IoT设备100在注册到2G网络成功后，在不掉网的情况下，采用现有技术的方案，会一直驻留在2G网络，不会主动触发从2G网络切换到NB-IoT网络。但是，在这种情况下，如果NB-IoT网络的信号强度较佳，则IoT设备100从2G网络切换到NB-IoT网络，可以更有助于降低IoT设备100的功耗，满足IoT设备100长续航的需求。
有鉴于此，本申请实施例提供了一种网络切换的方法，有助于使得IoT设备可以在接入第一网络制式的网络后，在不断网的情况下，主动切换到第二网络制式的网络上，进而更 能满足IoT设备的需求。
示例的，如图3所示，为本申请实施例适用的一种通信系统架构图。如图所示，通信系统包括IoT设备、接入网设备1、接入网设备2和服务器。应理解，图3所示为本申请实施例适用的一种通信系统的示例。具体的，本申请实施例不限定IoT设备的个数，也不限定接入网设备的个数，以及服务器的个数。
本申请实施例中IoT设备支持两种或两种以上网络制式。例如，IoT设备可以为共享单车、定位器、车载诊断系统(on board diagnostic，OBD)等。在一些实施例中，IoT设备还可以具有定位功能。其中，IoT设备可以用于获取特定信息，并将获取的特定信息上报给服务器，例如特定信息可以包括IoT设备的地理位置信息、和/或IoT设备在当前地理位置扫描到的网络信息等。示例的，IoT设备的结构可以如图4a所示，IoT设备包括信息采集子系统和网络制式切换子系统。
本申请实施例中的接入网设备主要用于提供某一种或多种网络制式的网络。示例的，接入网设备可以有多种不同的表现形式。具体的，接入网设备可以为基站、微基站、中继站或者接入点等。示例的，基站可以仅提供一种网络制式的网络。例如基站仅提供网络制式为2G的网络，则基站又可以称之为2G基站。再例如，基站仅提供网络制式为NB-IoT的网络，则基站又可以称之为NB-IoT基站等。又示例的，基站还可以提供多种网络制式的网络。例如，基站可以提供网络制式为2G和NB-IoT的网络等。如图3所示，接入网设备1和接入网设备2可以为不同的设备，也可以为相同的设备。例如，接入网设备1为IoT设备提供第一网络制式的网络，接入网设备2为IoT设备提供第二网络制式的网络。以IoT设备接入第一网络制式的网络为例，IoT设备可以通过驻留到接入网设备1覆盖的某一小区，实现接入第一网络制式的网络。例如，当接入网设备1和接入网设备2为不同的设备时，IoT设备从第一网络制式的网络切换到第二网络制式的网络的具体实现方式可以为：IoT设备可以断开与接入网设备1的连接，驻留到接入网设备2覆盖的某一小区，从而接入第二网络制式的网络。再例如，当接入网设备1和接入网设备2为同一设备，则IoT设备从第一网络制式的网络切换到第二网络制式的网络的具体实现方式可以为：IoT设备可以从驻留到接入网设备1覆盖的某一小区，切换到接入网设备1覆盖的另一小区，从而实现IoT设备不同网络制式的网络切换。
本申请实施例中的服务器为一种信息处理设备或装置。具体的，服务器可以为通用服务器，也可以为云服务器，还可以为一个或多个处理器等。本申请实施例对服务器的具体实现形式不作限定。其中，服务器主要用于接收IoT设备上报的特定信息，并根据特定信息确定第二网络制式。服务器还用于向IoT设备发送网络切换指令，其中网络切换指令包括第二网络制式的标识。示例的，服务器的结构可以如图4b所示，服务器包括信息收发子系统、网络制式计算子系统。在一些实施例中，服务器还可以包括数据库。
结合图4a所示的IoT设备和图4b所示的服务器的结构，对本申请实施例网络切换的方法进行详细介绍。
如图5所示，为本申请实施例网络切换的方法的流程示意图，包括以下步骤。
步骤501，IoT设备接入第一网络制式的网络。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例中IoT设备在首次开机启动或者断网时，IoT设备接入第一网络制式的网络的方法可以参见图2所示的IoT设备100接入网络的方法。IoT设备在未断网的情况下，可以采用本申请实施例的方法接入第一网络制式的网络。此外，本申请实施 例还可以通过其它方式接入第一网络制式的网络，对此不作限定。
步骤502，IoT设备获取特定信息。
其中，IoT设备获取特定信息可以为周期性触发的，也可以为事件性触发的。在一些实施例中，IoT设备可以根据当前的工作模式，来确定是周期性触发获取特定信息，还是事件性触发获取特定信息。例如，IoT设备当响应于用户将工作模式设置为行李箱时，采用周期性获取特定信息。从而有助于简化实现方式。再例如，IoT设备还可以响应于用户将工作模式设置为跑步等其它模式时，确定事件性触发获取特定信息。应理解，本申请实施例中，IoT设备还可以采用其它策略，来确定是周期性触发获取特定信息，还是事件性触发获取特定信息，又或是事件性和周期性结合获取特定信息等，对此不作限定。
需要说明的是，IoT设备当周期性触发获取特定信息时，获取特定信息的周期可以预先配置在IoT设备中。例如，本申请实施例中可以针对不同的场景，预先配置不同的周期，例如IoT设备处于移动中时，获取特定信息的周期可以为第一时长；静止时，获取特定信息的周期可以为第二时长。第一时长可以小于第二时长，从而有助于满足IoT设备的需求。又例如，本申请实施例也可以直接在IoT设备出厂之前预先配置一个获取特定信息的周期，从而有助于简化实现方式。
IoT设备当事件性触发获取特定信息时，触发获取特定信息的事件可以为：IoT设备接入的网络的网络制式不是所述IoT设备支持的优先级最高的网络制式、IoT设备位置移动的距离超出某一阈值、或者IoT设备移动到当前接入的网络的覆盖范围的边缘(又可称之为网络漫游事件)等。其中，某一阈值可以预先设置在IoT设备中，也可以将阈值的确定策略预先设置在IoT设备中。以IoT设备接入的网络的网络制式不是所述IoT设备支持的优先级最高的网络制式为例。IoT设备可以周期性或者实时或者事件性触发监测接入的网络的网络制式是否为所述IoT设备支持的优先级最高的网络制式。IoT设备当监测到接入的网络的网络制式不是所述IoT设备支持的优先级最高的网络制式时，获取特定信息。例如，一种具体的实现方式为，IoT设备当监测到接入的网络的网络制式不是所述IoT设备支持的优先级最高的网络制式时，可以周期性获取特定信息，直至所述IoT设备监测到接入的网络的网络制式为所述IoT设备支持的优先级最高的网络制式时，结束执行获取特定信息的步骤。
示例的，IoT设备用于触发IoT设备检测接入的网络的网络制式是否为所述IoT设备支持的优先级最高的网络制式的事件可以为网络接入成功、或者网络切换成功等事件。
具体的，以图4a所示的IoT设备的结构为例。IoT设备可以通过信息采集子系统获取特定信息。需要说明的是，IoT设备可以通过信息采集子系统监测触发获取特定信息的事件，也可以通过其它模块监测触发获取特定信息的事件。IoT设备当通过其它模块监测触发获取特定信息的事件时，若监测到触发获取特定信息的事件后，则通知信息采集子系统获取特定信息。
步骤503，IoT设备向服务器上报特定信息。在一些实施例中，IoT设备可以将特定信息携带在待上报的业务数据中，发送给服务器，从而有助于减少功耗。具体的，以图4b所示的IoT设备和服务器的结构为例，IoT设备通过信息采集子系统向服务器的信息收发子系统发送特定信息。
在一些实施例中，特定信息可以包括IoT设备的地理位置信息，和/或IoT设备在当前地理位置获取到的周围一定范围内的网络信息。其中，IoT设备在当前地理位置获取到的周围 一定范围内的网络信息为IoT设备在当前地理位置扫描到的网络信息。在一些实施例中，特定信息还包括第一网络制式的标识。其中，网络制式的标识可以是预先定义的，可以为编号、字符、序列等。例如，预先定义2G的标识为00，eMTC的标识为01，NB-IoT的标识为11，第一网络制式为2G，则特定信息中包括00。
例如，IoT设备的地理位置信息用于指示IoT设备的当前地理位置。具体的，IoT设备的地理位置信息包括IoT设备当前所在地理位置的坐标信息，例如经纬度。在一些实施例中，IoT设备的地理位置信息还可以包括可信度和时间信息。其中，可信度用于指示IoT设备获取的坐标信息的可靠的概率，时间信息用于指示IoT设备获取坐标信息的时间。
示例的，IoT设备可以获取以当前地理位置为中心，以1千米为半径的区域范围内的网络信息。例如，网络信息可以包括小区标识(cell-ID)、和/或小区的网络制式。例如，IoT设备驻留到某一小区，接入了网络制式为2G的网络，则该小区的网络制式为2G。再例如，IoT设备驻留到某一小区，接入了网络制式为NB-IoT的网络，则该小区的网络制式为NB-IoT。在一些实施例中，网络信息还可以包括属于IoT设备在当前地理位置扫描到的同一网络制式的小区的个数、小区的网络信号强度、IoT设备在当前地理位置扫描到的小区的总个数等。其中，小区的网络信号强度可以包括小区的信噪比(signal to interference plus noise ratio，SINR)、或者小区的参考信号接收功率(reference signal receiving power，RSRP)等能够用于指示网络信号强度或质量的参数。
本申请实施例中，特定信息还可以包括其它信息，例如IoT设备支持的网络制式的优先级等，对此不作限定。
此外，在一些实施例中，服务器还可以在接收到IoT上报的特定信息后，保存特定信息。以图4b所示的服务器为例，服务器中的信息收发子系统接收到特定信息后，将特定信息存储到相应的数据库中。
步骤504，服务器接收到IoT设备上报的特定信息后，确定第二网络制式。其中，IoT设备在当前地理位置接入第二网络制式的网络时，与IoT设备在当前地理位置接入第一网络制式的网络相比，更能满足IoT设备的实际需求。例如，IoT设备对功耗需求较高时，在当前地理位置，IoT设备接入第二网络制式的网络时IoT设备的功耗，与IoT设备接入第一网络制式的网络时IoT设备的功耗相比，更低。再例如，IoT设备对时延需求较高时，在当前地理位置，IoT设备接入第二网络制式的网络时的IoT设备的数据传输时延，与IoT设备接入第一网络制式的网络时IoT设备的数据传输时延相比，更小。又例如，IoT设备对信号接收质需求较高时，在当前地理位置，IoT设备接入第二网络制式的网络时IoT设备的信号接收质量，与IoT设备接入第一网络制式的网络时IoT设备的信号接收质量，更高。即，与第一网络制式的网络相比，第二网络制式的网络为在当前地理位置更适合IoT设备实际接入的网络，从而有助于满足IoT设备的实际需求。
在一些实施例中，第二网络制式为最优网络制式，其中，最优网络制式的网络为在当前地理位置最适合IoT设备接入的网络，能够最大限度满足IoT设备的实际需求。例如，IoT设备对功耗需求较高，则IoT设备在当前地理位置接入最优网络制式的网络，功耗最低。例如，IoT设备对成本需求较高，则IoT设备在当前地理位置接入最优网络制式的网络，成本最低。
需要说明的是，最优网络制式和优先级最高的网络制式是两个不同的概念。最优网络制式为IoT设备在当前地理位置最适合实际接入的网络的网络制式，能够最大限度满足IoT 设备的实际需求。而优先级最高的网络制式与网络制式本身的通信标准有关，理论上能够最大限度满足IoT设备的实际需求的网络制式，是预先配置在IoT设备中的。具体的，在一些特殊的情况下，最优网络制式可以为IoT设备支持的优先级最高的网络制。然而，最优网络制式也可以与IoT设备支持的优先级最高的网络制式不同。例如IoT设备未扫描到IoT设备支持的优先级最高的网络制式的小区的情况。又例如，最优网络制式可能为IoT设备扫描到的至少一个小区中网络信号强度最高的小区的网络制式，这个网络制式不一定是IoT设备支持的优先级最高的网络制式。
具体的，以图4a所示的IoT设备的结构和图4b所示的服务器的结构为例，服务器可以通过信息收发子系统接收到IoT设备通过信息采集子系统上报的特定信息后，将特定信息发送给网络制式计算子系统。网络制式子系统接收到特定信息后，根据特定信息确定网络制式切换指令。
在一些实施例中，服务器还可以存储第二网络制式的标识。以图4所示的服务器的结构为例，服务器的网络制式计算子系统将第二网络制式的标识存储到相应的数据库中。
下面对本申请实施例服务器具体根据特定信息确定第二网络制式的方式进行详细介绍。
其中，本申请实施例中服务器确定第二网络制式时可以考虑到网络制式的优先级、网络信号强度或质量、以及历史相关数据(例如在当前地理位置或者当前地理位置的附近范围内的历史特定信息的上报记录、在当前地理位置或者当前地理位置的附近历史确定第二网络制式的记录等)中的至少一个因素，还可以参考除上述涉及到因素以外的其它数据，本申请实施例对此不作限定。
实施例一：本申请实施例中服务器确定第二网络制式时仅考虑到IoT设备支持的网络制式的优先级，第二网络制式的优先级高于第一网络制式的优先级。
示例一：服务器根据IoT设备的地理位置信息，确定第二网络制式。其中，IoT设备的地理位置信息是IoT设备通过特定信息上报给服务器的。在一些实施例中，服务器根据IoT设备的地理位置信息，从预先存储在数据库中的小区部署信息中，确定部署在IoT设备的当前地理位置的周围一定范围内的至少一个网络制式。然后，服务器根据预先配置的IoT设备支持的网络制式的优先级，从至少一个网络制式中，确定第二网络制式。其中，第二网络制式可以为至少一个网络制式中优先级高于第一网络制式的网络制式。示例的，第二网络制式可以为至少一个网络制式中优先级最高的网络制式。例如，服务器确定部署在IoT设备的当前地理位置的周围一定范围内的至少一个网络制式为NB-IoT、2G和4G，若第一网络制式为NB-IoT，IoT设备支持的网络制式的优先级从高到低为4G、2G、NB-IoT、eMTC，则服务器确定第二网络制式可以为4G，也可以为2G。再例如，服务器确定部署在IoT设备的当前地理位置的周围一定范围内的至少一个网络制式为NB-IoT、2G和4G时，若第一网络制式为NB-IoT，IoT设备支持的网络制式的优先级从高到低为4G、NB-IoT、eMTC，则服务器确定第二网络制式为4G。
应理解，小区部署信息可以是IoT设备在搜网时上报的，也可以是人为配置在服务器中的数据库的。例如，小区部署信息可以包括地理位置信息，以及在相应地理位置部署的小区的网络制式。
其中，预先配置的IoT设备支持的网络制式的优先级，可以是IoT设备在首次开机或者网络制式的优先级的配置发生变化后，发送给服务器。从而有助于提高服务器获取IoT设备 支持的网络制式的优先级的灵活性。例如，当网络制式的优先级由IoT设备上报时，可以将IoT设备的网络制式的优先级携带在特定信息或者业务数据中上报给服务器。从而有助于节省信令。此外，预先配置的IoT设备支持的网络制式的优先级通常情况下是按照功耗的大小配置的，因此服务器可以按照功耗的大小，来预先配置网络制式的优先级。
示例二：服务器根据IoT设备在当前地理位置扫描到的网络信息，确定第二网络制式。其中，IoT设备在当前地理位置扫描到的网络信息是IoT设备在当前地理位置通过特定信息上报给服务器的。具体的，服务器根据IoT设备在当前地理位置扫描到的网络信息，确定覆盖IoT设备的当前地理位置的至少一个网络制式。然后，服务器从至少一个网络制式中确定第二网络制式。第二网络制式可以为至少一个网络制式中优先级最高的网络制式，也可以为至少一个网络制式中优先级高于第一网络制式的网络制式。在该示例中，IoT设备在当前地理位置扫描到的网络信息可以包括小区的网络制式和/或小区标识等。本申请实施例不限定网络信息中包括的小区标识的个数、或者小区的网络制式的个数等。
示例的，当IoT设备在当前地理位置扫描到的网络信息为小区标识时，服务器可以根据小区标识，从预先存储在数据库中的小区部署信息中，确定与小区标识对应的网络制式，从而可以使得服务器能够确定覆盖IoT设备的当前地理位置的至少一个网络制式，其中，在该示例中，小区部署信息可以是IoT设备在搜网时上报的，也可以是人为配置在服务器中的数据库的。例如，小区的部署信息可以包括小区标识，以及小区标识对应的网络制式。
以网络信息包括小区标识和小区的网络制式为例。例如，IoT设备在当前地理位置扫描到的网络信息包括小区标识1、小区标识2、小区标识3，小区1的网络制式、小区2的网络制式和小区3的网络制式，其中小区标识1用于标识小区1，小区标识2用于标识小区2，小区标识3用于标识小区3，小区1的网络制式为2G、小区2的网络制式为NB-IoT，小区3的网络制式为NB-IoT。则服务器确定至少一个网络制式为2G和NB-IoT。若IoT设备支持的网络制式的优先级从高到低预先配置为NB-IoT、eMTC和2G，第一网络制式为2G，服务器确定第二网络制式为NB-IoT或者eMTC。
本申请实施例中，服务器预先配置IoT设备支持的网络制式的优先级的方式可以参见上述相关介绍，在此不再赘述。
示例三，服务器根据IoT设备的地理位置信息和IoT设备在当前地理位置扫描到的网络信息，确定第二网络制式。其中，IoT设备的地理位置信息和IoT设备在当前地理位置扫描到的网络信息是IoT设备在当前地理位置通过特定信息上报给服务器的。具体的，服务器根据IoT设备的地理位置信息确定至少一个网络制式，以及根据IoT设备在当前地理位置扫描到的网络信息确定至少一个网络制式，然后，服务器对上述根据IoT设备地理位置信息确定的至少一个网络制式，以及根据网络信息确定的至少一个网络制式取并集。服务器在取并集之后的至少一个网络制式中，确定第二网络制式。第二网络制式可以为至少一个网络制式中优先级最高的网络制式，也可以为至少一个网络制式中优先级高于第一网络制式的网络制式。
其中，服务器根据IoT设备的地理位置信息确定至少一个网络制式的具体实现方式可以参见实施一中的示例一的相关介绍，服务器根据IoT设备在当前地理位置扫描到的网络信息确定至少一个网络制式的具体实现方式可以参见实施例一中示例二的相关介绍，在此不再赘述。
实施例二：本申请实施例中服务器确定第二网络制式时仅考虑到网络信号强度或质量。其中，第二网络制式为至少一个小区中网络信号强度最高的小区的网络制式得到的。其中，至少一个小区为IoT设备在当前地理位置扫描到的小区。
示例一，服务器根据IoT设备在当前地理位置扫描到的网络信息，确定至少一个小区。其中，IoT设备在当前地理位置扫描到的网络信息是通过特定信息上报给服务器的。示例的，IoT设备在当前地理位置扫描到的网络信息可以包括小区标识、小区的网络制式和小区的网络信号强度。然后，服务器确定至少一个小区中网络信号强度最高的小区的网络制式为第二网络制式。其中，小区标识、小区的网络制式和小区的网络信号强度的具体实现方式可以参见上述相关介绍。
例如，IoT设备在当前地理位置扫描到的网络信息包括小区标识1、小区1的网络制式、小区1的网络信号强度、小区标识2、小区2的网络制式、小区2的网络信号强度、小区标识3、小区3的网络制式、小区3的网络信号强度、小区标识4、小区4的网络制式、小区4的网络信号强度，其中小区标识1用于标识小区1，小区标识2用于标识小区2，小区标识3用于标识小区3，小区标识4用于标识小区4。若小区1的网络制式为2G、小区2的网络制式为NB-IoT、小区3的网络制式为NB-IoT、小区4的网络制式为eMTC、网络信号强度从高到低的顺序依次为小区1、小区3、小区4和小区2，则服务器确定2G为第二网络制式。
示例二：服务器根据IoT设备的地理位置信息和IoT设备在当前地理位置扫描到的网络信息，确定至少一个小区。其中，IoT设备的地理位置信息和IoT设备在当前地理位置扫描到的网络信息是IoT设备通过特定信息上报给服务器的。具体的，服务器根据IoT设备的地理位置信息，从预先存储在数据库中的历史特定信息上报记录中，确定在当前地理位置周围一定范围内的历史上报的网络信息。服务器根据历史上报的网络信息和IoT设备在当前地理位置扫描到的网络信息，确定至少一个小区。然后，服务器确定至少一个小区中网络信号强度最高的小区的网络制式为第二网络制式。其中，网络信息包括小区标识、小区的网络制式和小区的网络信号强度。
例如，在当前地理位置周围一定范围内的历史上报的网络信息包括小区标识1、小区1的网络制式、小区1的网络信号强度、小区标识2、小区2的网络制式、小区2的网络信号强度；IoT设备在当前地理位置扫描到的网络信息包括小区标识3、小区3的网络制式、小区3的网络信号强度、小区标识4、小区4的网络制式、小区4的网络信号强度、小区标识5、小区5的网络制式、小区5的网络信号强度。其中小区标识1用于标识小区1，小区标识2用于标识小区2，小区标识3用于标识小区3，小区标识4用于标识小区4，小区标识5用于标识小区5。若小区1的网络制式为2G、小区2的网络制式为NB-IoT、小区3的网络制式为NB-IoT、小区4的网络制式为eMTC、小区5的网络制式为eMTC、网络信号强度从高到低的顺序依次为小区2、小区4、小区3、小区5和小区2，则服务器确定NB-IoT为第二网络制式。
实施例三：本申请实施例中服务器确定第二网络制式时考虑到网络制式的优先级、以及网络信号强度或质量。
具体的，服务器根据特定信息，确定覆盖IoT设备的当前地理位置的至少一个网络制式。然后，服务器基于预设算法，对至少一个网络制式中的每个网络制式打分。服务器根据至少一个网络制式的打分结果，从至少一个网络制式中确定第二网络制式，其中，第二网络制式为至少一个网络制式中打分结果最大的网络制式。
示例的，本申请实施例中至少一个网络制式中网络制式i的打分结果可以满足下列表达式：
Score(i)＝w 1(i)×(num(i)/sum_num)+maxSignal(i)×w 2(i)；
其中，Score(i)为网络制式i的打分结果，i为网络制式的标识；示例的，在具体实现时，网络制式的标识可以为编号，不同的网络制式对应不同的编号。例如，1用于指示NB-IoT，2用于指示eMTC，3用于至指示2G。网络制式的标识还可以为序列等。
w 1(i)为网络制式i的优先级对应的权重系数，w 2(i)为网络制式为网络制式i的小区的网络信号强度对应的权重系数。应理解，本申请实施例中w 1(i)和w 2(i)可以预先配置在服务器中，也可以由IoT设备上报。示例的，对于不同网络制式来说，优先级对应的权重系数和网络信号强度对应的权重系数可以相同。例如网络制式的优先级对于的权重系数可以为0.5，网络信号强度对应的权重系数可以为0.5。还需要说明的是，对于不同网络制式来说，优先级对应的权重系数和网络信号强度对应的权重系数可以不同。例如，网络制式为NB-IoT时，网络制式的优先级对于的权重系数可以为0.6，网络信号强度对应的权重系数可以为0.4；网络制式为2G时，网络制式的优先级对于的权重系数可以为0.5，网络信号强度对应的权重系数可以为0.5。
num(i)为网络制式为网络制式i的小区个数。sum_num为在当前地理位置周围一定范围内小区的总个数。其中，num(i)和sum_num可以为服务器根据IoT设备上报的特定信息确定的，也可以为服务器根据历史上报记录确定的，还可以为根据IoT设备上报的特定信息和历史上报记录共同确定的。
maxSignal(i)用于指示网络制式为网络制式i的小区的网络信号强度的最大值。
需要说明的是，上述表达式中各个参数，可以为IoT设备通过特定信息上报给服务器的，也可以为服务器根据IoT设备上报的特定信息，通过计算确定出来的。
又示例的，本申请实施例中至少一个网络制式中网络制式i的打分结果还可以满足下列表达式：
Score(i)＝d(i)×(num(i)/sum_num)+maxSignal(i)×w(i)；
其中，Score(i)为网络制式i的打分结果，i为网络制式的标识；示例的，在具体实现时，网络制式的标识可以为编号，不同的网络制式对应不同的编号。例如，1用于指示NB-IoT，2用于指示eMTC，3用于至指示2G。网络制式的标识还可以为序列等。
d(i)为服务器在特定位置范围内历史上将网络制式i推荐给IoT设备用于网络切换的比例，其中，可以理解的是，服务器在特定位置范围内历史上将网络制式i推荐给的IoT设备可以为在当前地理位置上报特定信息的IoT设备，也可以为其它IoT设备。特定位置范围可以为IoT设备的当前地理位置的周围或附近的位置范围。示例的，特定位置范围所包括的地理位置与IoT设备的当前地理位置之间的距离不超过预设阈值，例如，预设阈值可以为1千米等。
sum_num为IoT设备在当前地理位置扫描到的小区的总个数；其中，IoT设备在当前地理位置扫描到的小区的总个数是服务器根据IoT设备在当前地理位置上报的特定信息确定的。例如，特定信息包括IoT设备在当前地理位置扫描到的小区标识，则服务器可以根据特定信息包括的小区标识的个数，确定IoT设备在当前地理位置扫描到的小区的总个数。在另一些实施例中，特定信息还可以包括IoT设备在当前地理位置扫描到的小区的总个数。
num(i)为IoT设备在当前地理位置扫描到的网络制式为网络制式i的小区的个数；其 中，IoT设备在当前地理位置扫描到的网络制式为网络制式i的小区的个数是服务器根据IoT设备在当前地理位置上报的特定信息确定的。例如，特定信息包括IoT设备在当前地理位置扫描到的小区标识、小区的网络制式，则服务器可以根据特定信息包括的小区标识、小区的网络制式，确定IoT设备在当前地理位置扫描到的网络制式为网络制式i的小区的个数。在另一些实施例中，特定信息还可以包括IoT设备在当前地理位置扫描到的网络制式为网络制式i的小区的个数。
maxSignal(i)为IoT设备在当前地理位置扫描到的网络制式为网络制式i的小区的网络信号强度的最大值；应理解，当num(i)为0时，则maxSignal(i)的取值为0。
w(i)为预先设置的网络制式i对应的权重系数。示例的，w(i)可以用于指示网络制式i在IoT设备支持的至少两个网络制式中的优先级。其中，网络制式i的对应的权重系统可以预先配置在服务器中，也可以由服务器根据预设策略确定。例如，网络制式的优先级为NB-IoT最高、eMTC次之、2G最低，则可以在服务器中预先配置NB-IoT对应的权重系数为0.5，eMTC对应的权重系数为0.3，2G对应的权重系数为0.2。但是由于对于不同IoT设备来说，可能预先配置的网络制式的优先级是不同的，因此服务器可以预先配置网络制式的优先级与权重系数的对应关系，然后基于网络制式的优先级与权重系数的对应关系，确定网络制式对应的权重系数。例如最高优先级对应权重系数a1，次高优先级式对应权重系数a2，最低优先级对应权重系数a0。当IoT设备的网络制式的优先级从高到低的顺序依次为NB-IoT、2G和eMTC时，则服务器确定NB-IoT对应权重系数a1、2G对应权重系数a2、eMTC对应权重系数a0。例如，在追求数据传输速率的场景下，IoT设备若支持4G、2G、3G、eMTC和NB-IoT，则网络制式的优先级从高到低的顺序依次为4G、3G、2G、eMTC、NB-IoT。
需要说明的是，上述表达式中的各个参数可以为IoT设备通过特定信息上报给服务器的，也可以为服务器根据IoT设备上报的特定信息，确定出来的。
步骤505，服务器向IoT设备发送网络切换指令，其中网络切换指令中包括第二网络制式的标识。在另一些实施例中，网络切换指令中还包括目标小区标识，目标小区标识用于至少待切换的小区。从而有助于缩小IoT设备搜网的范围，提高搜网的效率。
在一些实施例中，服务器当第二网络制式与第一网络制式不同时，向IoT设备发送网络切换指令。在另一些实施例中，服务器当第二网络制式与第一网络制式相同时，不执行向IoT设备发送网络切换指令的步骤。从而有助于节省IoT设备的功耗。
示例的，IoT设备可以通过在特定信息中携带第一网络制式的标识通知服务器IoT设备当前接入的网络制式，从而便于简化服务器获取第一网络制式的实现方式。
此外，本申请实施例中服务器还可以当确定了第二网络制式后，直接向IoT设备发送网络切换指令，IoT设备接收到网络切换指令后，自身判断是否与第一网络制式相同，若相同则不执行网络切换，若不同在执行网络切换。
具体的，以图4a所示的IoT设备的结构和图4b所示的服务器的结构为例。服务器通过网络制式计算子系统确定第二网络制式后，生成网络切换指令，网络切换指令中包括第二网络制式的标识。然后，网络制式计算子系统将网络切换指令返回给信息收发子系统，由信息收发子系统将网络制式切换指令发送给IoT设备的网络制式切换子系统。在一些实施例中，网络制式计算子系统当第二网络制式与第一网络制式不同时，生成网络切换指令，并将网络制式切换指令返回给信息收发子系统。
步骤506，IoT设备接收到服务器发送的网络切换指令后，根据网络切换指令，从第一 网络制式的网络切换到第二网络制式的网络。
在一些实施例，IoT设备接收到服务器发送的网络切换指令后，可以当无数据业务时，根据网络切换指令，从第一网络制式的网络切换到第二网络制式的网络。从而有助于降低网络切换对数据业务的影响。
示例的，IoT设备接收到网络切换指令后，IoT设备可以断开已接入的第一网络制式的网络，然后IoT设备接入第二网络制式的网络。具体的，IoT设备可以在断开第一网络制式的网络后，搜索第二网络制式的网络，并在搜索到第二网络制式的网络后，接入第二网络网络制式的网络，从而达到网络切换的目的。
在一些实施例中，IoT设备从网络切换指令中获取到第二网络制式后，还可以先判断第二网络制式是否与第一网络制式相同。当第一优网络制式与第二网络制式不同时，可以断开已接入的第一网络制式的网络，接入第二网络制式的网络。
此外，IoT设备当根据网络切换指令进行网络切换失败时，可以向服务器上报网络切换失败的原因。例如，网络切换失败的原因可以为未搜索到第二网络制式的网络、或者第二网络制式的网络处于拥塞状态等。从而有助于服务器提高确定第二网络制式的可靠性。在一些实施例中，IoT设备当根据网络切换指令进行网络切换失败时，还可以回退到第一网络制式的网络上，有助于使得IoT设备接入网络，降低IoT设备因网络切换导致断网的可能性。
应理解，在本申请实施例中，IoT设备可以通过IoT设备中的定位模块获取地理位置信息，也可以通过预设算法(如基于移动位置服务(location based service，LBS))确定地理位置信息，还可以从接入网设备获取IoT设备的位置信息等，对获取IoT设备的地理位置信息的方式不作限定。例如，定位模块可以为全球定位系统(global positioning system，GPS)芯片。需要说明的是，本申请实施例的网络切换的方法可以集成在定位模块上，也可以为一个独立的模块，对此不作限定。
此外，本申请实施例中，第二网络制式的确定还可以由IoT设备自身完成，而不涉及服务器，在这种情况下，IoT设备确定第二网络制式的方式可以参见服务器确定第二网络制式的方式，在此不再赘述。
上述各个实施例可以单独使用，也可以相互结合使用，以实现不同的技术效果。
上述本申请提供的实施例中，从IoT设备和服务器作为执行主体的角度对本申请实施例提供的方法进行了介绍。为了实现上述本申请实施例提供的方法中的各功能，IoT设备或服务器可以包括硬件结构和/或软件模块，以硬件结构、软件模块、或硬件结构加软件模块的形式来实现上述各功能。上述各功能中的某个功能以硬件结构、软件模块、还是硬件结构加软件模块的方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。
如图6所示，本申请实施例公开了一种电子设备600，该电子设备600可以包括：一个或多个处理器601、存储器602。在一些实施例中，上述各器件可以通过一个或多个通信总线连接。此外，本申请实施例中涉及的上述各个器件也可以通过其它方式连接。
其中，存储器602中存储有程序指令；处理器601调用存储器602中存储的程序指令，使得电子设备600执行本申请实施例网络切换的方法。例如，电子设备600为IoT设备，则处理器601调用存储器602中存储的程序指令，使得电子设备执行图5所示的网络切换的方法中IoT设备执行的步骤。再例如，电子设备600为服务器，则处理器601调用存储器602中存储的程序指令，使得电子设备执行图5所示的网络切换的方法中服务器执行的步骤。
在本申请实施例中，处理器601可以是通用处理器、数字信号处理器、专用集成电路、现场可编程门阵列或者其他可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件，可以实现或者执行本申请实施例中的公开的各方法、步骤及逻辑框图。通用处理器可以是微处理器或者任何常规的处理器等。结合本申请实施例所公开的方法的步骤可以直接体现为硬件处理器执行完成，或者用处理器中的硬件及软件模块组合执行完成。软件模块可以位于存储器602中，处理器601读取存储器602中的程序指令，结合其硬件完成上述方法的步骤。
在本申请实施例中，存储器602可以是非易失性存储器，比如硬盘(hard disk drive，HDD)或固态硬盘(solid-state drive，SSD)等，还可以是易失性存储器(volatile memory)，例如随机存取存储器(random-access memory，RAM)。存储器还可以是能够用于携带或存储具有指令或数据结构形式的期望的程序代码并能够由计算机存取的任何其他介质，但不限于此。本申请实施例中的存储器还可以是电路或者其它任意能够实现存储功能的装置，用于存储程序指令和/或数据。
在一些实施例中，本申请实施例的电子设备600还包括收发器603。例如，电子设备600为IoT设备时，收发器603可以用于向服务器发送特定信息，或者接收服务器发送的网络切换指令。再例如，电子设备600为服务器时，收发器603可以用于接收IoT设备发送的特定信息，以及向IoT设备发送网络切换指令。
在本申请实施例中，收发器603可以是电路、总线、通信接口或者其它任意可以用于进行信号交互的装置。本领域普通技术人员可以意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤，能够以电子硬件、或者计算机软件和电子硬件的结合来实现。这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为描述的方便和简洁，上述描述的系统、装置和单元的具体工作过程，可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的系统、装置和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，所述单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另一点，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口，装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式。
所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。
另外，在本申请各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。
所述功能如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解，本申请的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分或者该技术方案的部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)或处理器(processor)执行本申请各个实施例所述方法 的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括：U盘、移动硬盘、ROM、RAM、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
以上所述，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可想到的变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内，因此本申请的保护范围应以权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (33)

  1. 一种网络系统，其特征在于，所述网络系统包括服务器和物联网IoT设备，所述IoT设备支持至少两个网络制式；
    所述IoT设备接入第一网络制式的网络；
    所述IoT设备获取特定信息，所述特定信息包括所述IoT设备的地理位置信息、和所述IoT设备在当前地理位置扫描到的网络信息；所述IoT设备的地理位置信息用于指示所述IoT设备的当前地理位置；所述网络信息包括小区标识、小区的网络制式、或小区的网络信号强度中的至少一个；
    所述IoT设备向所述服务器上报所述特定信息；
    所述服务器接收到所述IoT设备上报的所述特定信息后，确定第二网络制式，所述第二网络制式与所述第一网络制式不同；
    所述服务器向所述IoT设备发送网络切换指令，所述网络切换指令包括所述第二网络制式的标识；
    所述IoT设备接收到所述服务器发送的所述网络切换指令后，根据所述网络切换指令，从所述第一网络制式的网络切换到所述第二网络制式的网络。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的网络系统，其特征在于，所述服务器确定第二网络制式，包括：
    所述服务器根据特定信息，确定覆盖所述当前地理位置的至少一个网络制式；
    所述服务器对所述至少一个网络制式中每个网络制式打分；
    所述服务器根据所述至少一个网络制式的打分结果，从所述至少一个网络制式中确定所述第二网络制式，所述第二网络制式为所述至少一个网络制式中打分结果最大的网络制式；
    其中，所述至少一个网络制式中网络制式i的打分结果满足下述表达式：
    Score(i)＝d(i)×(num(i)/sum_num)+maxSignal(i)×w(i)；
    Score(i)为网络制式i的打分结果；i为网络制式的标识；d(i)为所述服务器在特定位置范围内历史上将所述网络制式i推荐给IoT设备用于网络切换的比例；所述特定位置范围所包括的地理位置与所述IoT设备的当前地理位置之间的距离不超过第一阈值；sum_num为所述IoT设备在所述当前地理位置扫描到的小区的总个数；num(i)为所述IoT设备在所述当前地理位置扫描到的网络制式为网络制式i的小区的个数；maxSignal(i)为所述IoT设备在所述当前地理位置扫描到的网络制式为网络制式i的小区的网络信号强度的最大值；w(i)为预先设置的网络制式i对应的权重系数。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的网络系统，其特征在于，所述第二网络制式的优先级高于所述第一网络制式的优先级。
  4. 如权利要求1至3任一所述的网络系统，其特征在于，所述网络切换指令还包括目标小区标识，所述目标小区标识用于指示待切换的小区。
  5. 如权利要求1至4任一所述的网络系统，其特征在于，所述IoT设备获取特定信息之前，还包括：
    所述IoT设备确定所述第一网络制式不是所述IoT设备支持的至少两个网络制式中优先级最高的网络制式；或者，
    所述IoT设备确定移动的距离超过第二阈值；或者，
    所述IoT设备确定移动到所述第一网络制式的网络覆盖边缘。
  6. 如权利要求1至5任一所述的网络系统，其特征在于，所述IoT设备获取特定信息，包括：
    所述IoT设备周期性获取所述特定信息。
  7. 如权利要求1至6任一所述的网络系统，其特征在于，所述特定信息还包括以下信息中的至少一个：
    所述IoT设备在所述当前地理位置扫描到的小区的总个数、所述IoT设备在所述当前地理位置扫描到的小区中属于同一类型的小区的个数、所述第一网络制式的标识、或所述至少两个网络制式的优先级。
  8. 一种网络切换方法，其特征在于，所述方法应用于物联网IoT设备，且所述IoT设备支持至少两个网络制式，所述方法包括：
    接入第一网络制式的网络；
    获取特定信息，所述特定信息包括IoT设备的地理位置信息、IoT设备在当前地理位置扫描到的网络信息；所述IoT设备的地理位置信息用于指示IoT设备的当前地理位置；所述网络信息包括小区标识、小区的网络制式、或小区的网络信号强度中的至少一个；
    向服务器上报所述特定信息；
    接收服务器根据所述特定信息发送的网络切换指令，所述网络切换指令包括第二网络制式的标识；所述第二网络制式与所述第一网络制式不同；
    根据所述网络切换指令，从所述第一网络制式的网络切换到所述第二网络制式的网络。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第二网络制式为覆盖所述当前地理位置的至少一个网络制式中打分结果最大的网络制式，所述至少一个网络制式是所述服务器根据所述特定信息确定的；
    其中，所述至少一个网络制式中网络制式i的打分结果满足下述表达式：
    Score(i)＝d(i)×(num(i)/sum_num)+maxSignal(i)×w(i)；
    Score(i)为网络制式i的打分结果；i为网络制式的标识；d(i)为所述服务器在特定位置范围内历史上将所述网络制式i推荐给IoT设备用于网络切换的比例；所述特定位置范围所包括的地理位置与所述IoT设备的当前地理位置之间的距离不超过第一阈值；sum_num为所述IoT设备在所述当前地理位置扫描到的小区的总个数；num(i)为所述IoT设备在所述当前地理位置扫描到的网络制式为网络制式i的小区的个数；maxSignal(i)为所述IoT设备在所述当前地理位置扫描到的网络制式为网络制式i的小区的网络信号强度的最大值；w(i)为预先设置的网络制式i对应的权重系数。
  10. 如权利要求8所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第二网络制式的优先级高于所述第一网络制式的优先级。
  11. 如权利要求8至10任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述网络切换指令还包括目标小区标识，所述目标小区标识用于指示待切换的小区。
  12. 如权利要求8至11任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述获取特定信息之前，还包括：
    确定所述第一网络制式不是所述IoT设备支持的至少两个网络制式中优先级最高的网 络制式；或者，
    确定移动的距离超过第二阈值；或者，
    确定移动到所述第一网络制式的网络覆盖边缘。
  13. 如权利要求8至12任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述获取特定信息，包括：
    周期性获取所述特定信息。
  14. 如权利要求8至13任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述特定信息还包括以下信息中的至少一个：
    所述IoT设备在所述当前地理位置扫描到的小区的总个数、所述IoT设备在所述当前地理位置扫描到的小区中属于同一类型的小区的个数、所述第一网络制式的标识、或所述至少两个网络制式的优先级。
  15. 一种网络切换的方法，其特征在于，所述方法应用于服务器，所述方法包括：
    接收物联网IoT设备上报的特定信息；所述特定信息是所述IoT设备接入第一网络制式的网络后上报的；所述特定信息包括所述IoT设备的地理位置信息、和所述IoT设备在当前地理位置扫描到的网络信息；所述IoT设备的地理位置信息用于指示所述IoT设备的当前地理位置；所述网络信息包括小区标识、小区的网络制式、和小区的网络信号强度；
    根据所述特定信息，确定第二网络制式；所述第二网络制式与所述第一网络制式不同；
    向所述IoT设备发送网络切换指令，所述网络切换指令包括第二网络制式的标识。
  16. 如权利要求15所述的方法，其特征在于，所述根据所述特定信息，确定第二网络制式，包括：
    根据特定信息，确定覆盖所述当前地理位置的至少一个网络制式；
    对所述至少一个网络制式中每个网络制式打分；
    根据所述至少一个网络制式的打分结果，从所述至少一个网络制式中确定所述第二网络制式，所述第二网络制式为所述至少一个网络制式中打分结果最大的网络制式；
    其中，所述至少一个网络制式中网络制式i的打分结果满足下述表达式：
    Score(i)＝d(i)×(num(i)/sum_num)+maxSignal(i)×w(i)；
    Score(i)为网络制式i的打分结果；i为网络制式的标识；d(i)为所述服务器在特定位置范围内历史上将所述网络制式i推荐给IoT设备用于网络切换的比例；所述特定位置范围所包括的地理位置与所述IoT设备的当前地理位置之间的距离不超过第一阈值；sum_num为所述IoT设备在所述当前地理位置扫描到的小区的总个数；num(i)为所述IoT设备在所述当前地理位置扫描到的网络制式为网络制式i的小区的个数；maxSignal(i)为所述IoT设备在所述当前地理位置扫描到的网络制式为网络制式i的小区的网络信号强度的最大值；w(i)为预先设置的网络制式i对应的权重系数。
  17. 如权利要求15所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第二网络制式的优先级高于所述第一网络制式的优先级。
  18. 如权利要求15至17任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述网络切换指令还包括目标小区标识，所述目标小区标识用于指示待切换的小区。
  19. 如权利要求15至18任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述特定信息还包括以下信息中的至少一个：
    所述IoT设备在所述当前地理位置扫描到的小区的总个数、所述IoT设备在所述当前地理位置扫描到的小区中属于同一类型的小区的个数、所述第一网络制式的标识、或所述 至少两个网络制式的优先级。
  20. 一种物联网IoT设备，其特征在于，所述IoT设备支持至少两个网络制式，包括处理器和存储器；
    其中，所述存储器，用于存储程序指令；
    所述处理器用于调用所述存储器存储的所述程序指令，使得所述IoT设备执行：
    接入第一网络制式的网络；
    获取特定信息，所述特定信息包括IoT设备的地理位置信息、IoT设备在当前地理位置扫描到的网络信息；所述IoT设备的地理位置信息用于指示IoT设备的当前地理位置；所述网络信息包括小区标识、小区的网络制式、或小区的网络信号强度中的至少一个；
    向服务器上报所述特定信息；
    接收服务器根据所述特定信息发送的网络切换指令，所述网络切换指令包括第二网络制式的标识；所述第二网络制式与所述第一网络制式不同；
    根据所述网络切换指令，从所述第一网络制式的网络切换到所述第二网络制式的网络。
  21. 如权利要求20所述的IoT设备，其特征在于，所述第二网络制式为覆盖所述当前地理位置的至少一个网络制式中打分结果最大的网络制式，所述至少一个网络制式是所述服务器根据所述特定信息确定的；
    其中，所述至少一个网络制式中网络制式i的打分结果满足下述表达式：
    Score(i)＝d(i)×(num(i)/sum_num)+maxSignal(i)×w(i)；
    Score(i)为网络制式i的打分结果；i为网络制式的标识；d(i)为所述服务器在特定位置范围内历史上将所述网络制式i推荐给IoT设备用于网络切换的比例；所述特定位置范围所包括的地理位置与所述IoT设备的当前地理位置之间的距离不超过第一阈值；sum_num为所述IoT设备在所述当前地理位置扫描到的小区的总个数；num(i)为所述IoT设备在所述当前地理位置扫描到的网络制式为网络制式i的小区的个数；maxSignal(i)为所述IoT设备在所述当前地理位置扫描到的网络制式为网络制式i的小区的网络信号强度的最大值；w(i)为预先设置的网络制式i对应的权重系数。
  22. 如权利要求21所述的IoT设备，其特征在于，所述第二网络制式的优先级高于所述第一网络制式的优先级。
  23. 如权利要求20至22任一所述的IoT设备，其特征在于，所述网络切换指令还包括目标小区标识，所述目标小区标识用于指示待切换的小区。
  24. 如权利要求20至23任一所述的IoT设备，其特征在于，所述程序指令还包括：
    用于获取特定信息之前，确定所述第一网络制式不是所述IoT设备支持的至少两个网络制式中优先级最高的网络制式的指令；或者，
    用于获取特定信息之前，确定移动的距离超过第二阈值的指令；或者，
    用于获取特定信息之前，确定移动到所述第一网络制式的网络覆盖边缘的指令。
  25. 如权利要求20至24任一所述的IoT设备，其特征在于，所述获取特定信息，包括：
    周期性获取所述特定信息。
  26. 如权利要求20至25任一所述的IoT设备，其特征在于，所述特定信息还包括以下信息中的至少一个：
    所述IoT设备在所述当前地理位置扫描到的小区的总个数、所述IoT设备在所述当前地理位置扫描到的小区中属于同一类型的小区的个数、所述第一网络制式的标识、或所述IoT设备支持的至少两个网络制式的优先级。
  27. 一种服务器，其特征在于，包括：处理器和存储器；
    所述存储器，用于存储程序指令；
    所述处理器，用于调用所述存储器存储的所述程序指令，使得所述服务器执行：
    接收物联网IoT设备上报的特定信息；所述特定信息是所述IoT设备接入第一网络制式的网络后上报的；所述特定信息包括所述IoT设备的地理位置信息、和所述IoT设备在当前地理位置扫描到的网络信息；所述IoT设备的地理位置信息用于指示所述IoT设备的当前地理位置；所述网络信息包括小区标识、小区的网络制式、和小区的网络信号强度；
    根据所述特定信息，确定第二网络制式；所述第二网络制式与所述第一网络制式不同；
    向所述IoT设备发送网络切换指令，所述网络切换指令包括第二网络制式的标识。
  28. 如权利要求27所述的服务器，其特征在于，所述根据所述特定信息，确定第二网络制式，包括：
    根据特定信息，确定覆盖所述当前地理位置的至少一个网络制式；
    对所述至少一个网络制式中每个网络制式打分；
    根据所述至少一个网络制式的打分结果，从所述至少一个网络制式中确定所述第二网络制式，所述第二网络制式为所述至少一个网络制式中打分结果最大的网络制式；
    其中，所述至少一个网络制式中网络制式i的打分结果满足下述表达式：
    Score(i)＝d(i)×(num(i)/sum_num)+maxSignal(i)×w(i)；
    Score(i)为网络制式i的打分结果；i为网络制式的标识；d(i)为所述服务器在特定位置范围内历史上将所述网络制式i推荐给IoT设备用于网络切换的比例；所述特定位置范围所包括的地理位置与所述IoT设备的当前地理位置之间的距离不超过第一阈值；sum_num为所述IoT设备在所述当前地理位置扫描到的小区的总个数；num(i)为所述IoT设备在所述当前地理位置扫描到的网络制式为网络制式i的小区的个数；maxSignal(i)为所述IoT设备在所述当前地理位置扫描到的网络制式为网络制式i的小区的网络信号强度的最大值；w(i)为预先设置的网络制式i对应的权重系数。
  29. 如权利要求28所述的服务器，其特征在于，所述第二网络制式的优先级高于所述第一网络制式的优先级。
  30. 如权利要求27至29任一所述的服务器，其特征在于，所述网络切换指令还包括目标小区标识，所述目标小区标识用于指示待切换的小区。
  31. 如权利要求27至30任一所述的服务器，其特征在于，所述特定信息还包括以下信息中的至少一个：
    所述IoT设备在所述当前地理位置扫描到的小区的总个数、所述IoT设备在所述当前地理位置扫描到的小区中属于同一类型的小区的个数、所述第一网络制式的标识、或所述IoT设备支持的至少两个网络制式的优先级。
  32. 一种芯片，其特征在于，所述芯片与电子设备中的存储器耦合，使得所述芯片在运行时调用所述存储器中存储的程序指令，使得所述电子设备执行如权利要求8至19任一所述的方法。
  33. 一种计算机存储介质，其特征在于，所述计算机存储介质中存储有程序指令，当 所述程序指令在电子设备上运行时，使得电子设备执行如权利要求8至19任一所述的方法。
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