WO2020152561A1 - Machine de fabrication de glace en paillettes - Google Patents

Machine de fabrication de glace en paillettes Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020152561A1
WO2020152561A1 PCT/IB2020/050404 IB2020050404W WO2020152561A1 WO 2020152561 A1 WO2020152561 A1 WO 2020152561A1 IB 2020050404 W IB2020050404 W IB 2020050404W WO 2020152561 A1 WO2020152561 A1 WO 2020152561A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
ice
wall
water
fixed
machine
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2020/050404
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Alessandro FAINI
Original Assignee
Faini Alessandro
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Faini Alessandro filed Critical Faini Alessandro
Publication of WO2020152561A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020152561A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25C—PRODUCING, WORKING OR HANDLING ICE
    • F25C1/00—Producing ice
    • F25C1/12—Producing ice by freezing water on cooled surfaces, e.g. to form slabs
    • F25C1/14—Producing ice by freezing water on cooled surfaces, e.g. to form slabs to form thin sheets which are removed by scraping or wedging, e.g. in the form of flakes
    • F25C1/145—Producing ice by freezing water on cooled surfaces, e.g. to form slabs to form thin sheets which are removed by scraping or wedging, e.g. in the form of flakes from the inner walls of cooled bodies

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an ice making machine, and in particular to a cold wall machine for making ice flakes .
  • ice machines in general are refrigerating apparatuses that freeze the water with which they are fed by transforming it into ice.
  • These machines comprise in particular a refrigerating equipment, in which the ice detachment can take place by reversing the cold/hot cycle (the production is cyclical, for a long period the wall is cooled and ice forms; for a short period the wall is heated and the ice is detached) .
  • the ice can be made in cubes, blocks, slabs, tubes.
  • the detachment of the ice takes place mechanically (production is continuous) and the ice can be in granular form (flake), flakes (stairs or flake, ice leaves between 1 and 3mm thick) .
  • the operation of the cold wall ice flake machines briefly requires that the refrigerant from a cooling machine or plant flows into the evaporator and refrigerates a wall on which a dispenser sprays water which, flowing by gravity on the wall, it refrigerates and, partly, freezes forming a layer of ice which adheres to the wall.
  • a dispenser which withdraws the water from a storage tank located at the bottom and pushes it in the upper part of the apparatus up to the dispenser, while the remaining part is recovered .
  • a scraper or icebreaker for example that rotates around the vertical axis of the cylindrical cold wall, scrapes or carves the wall surface mechanically removing the ice which then falls by gravity out of an drain and storage area located at the bottom of the apparatus .
  • the water that does not freeze reaches the lower part of the wall, where it is recovered and stored in a tank, while a level sensor controls the replenishment of water from the network to compensate for the water that has come out in the form of ice and keeps the water level constant in the storage tank.
  • Flake machines generally provide for an evaporator cylinder that rotates, with a cold wall on which ice forms and a fixed flake removal system with convex cylindrical-circular shape and with various possible arrangements, with horizontal or vertical axis.
  • the evaporator cylinder can be fixed with a cylindrical-circular concave and/or convex shape with vertical axis and mechanical removal of the ice .
  • Ice makers with rotating evaporator and fixed ice removal have the advantage of simple and easy to maintain mechanics but the disadvantage of having to provide a rotating seal for the refrigerant.
  • Ice makers with fixed evaporator have the advantage of being hermetic, but have the disadvantage of a more difficult mechanics to maintain and a more complicated washing due to the presence of many components inside the evaporator cylinder and, often, due to the difficulty of removing the water tank. For some operations it is also required, at present, the access to the lower part of the ice drain.
  • the water or ice deflector a component used to separate the ice flakes from the non-frozen water, by its nature, has a larger diameter than the ice formation surface of the evaporator cylinder, therefore, if it is fixed to the rotating system, it does not allow the removal of the rotating system without interference of the deflector- evaporator cylinder. Consequently, the deflector must be removed from the rotating system before the rotating system can be removed.
  • an ice production machine consisting of a fixed evaporator refrigeration mechanism, an upper plate which includes a reducer and a motor for the implementation of a water distribution disk to the refrigeration with a blade system for removing ice from the wall.
  • the document also does not address the problem of water and ice recovery and does not provide for the use of an ice/water deflector with the consequence that non-frozen water will fall into the ice drain.
  • a first object of the invention is to propose a fixed evaporator machine for the production of flake ice, free from the drawbacks of known systems, of simple and reliable construction and which allows easy maintenance and disassembly.
  • a second object is to propose a fixed evaporator machine for the production of flake ice which has an efficient circulation of non-frozen water, without interference with the ice making cycle.
  • a further object is to propose a fixed evaporator machine for the production of flake ice which allows to reduce the minimum temperature of the usable water and increase the yield on the same surface.
  • a further object is to propose a fixed evaporator machine for making flake ice which allows easy removal of the water recovery tank for washing it on the bench.
  • the invention addresses and solves the problems mentioned above by proposing a device according to at least one of the attached claims .
  • An additional advantage consists in the fact that the use of an outward profile for the recovery of the water at the outlet from the cold wall allows to keep the water distribution out of the ice falling shape, and therefore the management of water and of ice are completely separate avoiding the risk that not-frozen excess water falls from the cold part into the drain, not even in the transients and in case of malfunctions.
  • a further advantage consists in the fact that the water collection tank is removable for washing.
  • a further advantage consists in that eliminating the mechanical constraints of the system rotating downwards eliminates the risk of accidents, such as shredding and crushing, when the machine works, in case of an operator accessing the ice drain when the machine is operating, in the maintenance or installation phases when there is the need to intervene on the machine from below .
  • a further advantage consists in the fact that it is possible to adjust the icebreaker with respect to the cold wall by intervening exclusively from above.
  • a further advantage is constituted by the fewer dispersions obtained thanks to the proposed system which allow to work with a minimum ambient temperature and water limit with therefore a higher yield of the system per square meter of cold surface.
  • a further advantage consists in the elimination of the condensation typically present on the lower area of the machine at the housing cross joint of the shaft support bearing and, on the water, and ice separating means, condensation which can fall into the deposited ice .
  • a further advantage consists of the ease of sanitizing and cleaning of the parts, since these are released, as described above and therefore free from constraints and clearances that hinder cleaning and maintenance operations.
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows a device according to the invention
  • - Fig.2 shows a plan view of the machine of fig.l
  • Figs.3a-3f show possible variants of a water dispenser in the machine of the invention in elevation and plan view;
  • FIG. 4a-4b show a possible variant of the water circulation in the machine of the invention, respectively in elevation and in plan view;
  • Fig.5a-5b show a further variant of the water circulation in the machine of the invention, respectively in elevation and in plan view;
  • Figs. 6a-6b show a first variant of the support of the ice detachment means in the machine of the invention, respectively in elevation and in plan view;
  • Figs, la-lb show a second variant of the support of the ice detachment means in the machine of the invention, in elevation and plan view respectively;
  • FIGS. 8a-8b show a third variant of the support of the ice detachment means in the machine of the invention, respectively in elevation and in plan view;
  • - Fig.11 shows a first example of installation comprising a machine according to the invention
  • FIG. 12 shows a second example of installation comprising a machine according to the invention
  • FIG. 13 shows a third example of installation comprising a machine according to the invention.
  • FIG. 14 shows a detail of an installation comprising a machine according to the invention.
  • the machine comprises cooling means 1 active on a substantially vertical cold wall 2, in the example described a concave cylindrical wall of axis S contained within an external casing 16 of the machine, to cool a freezing surface 23 to a temperature lower than the ice forming temperature starting from dispensing water from above by feeding means 5 of a quantity of water in further means 7 for dispensing at least a part of water on an upper inward profile 20 (with regular geometric shape or broken line) of said cold wall 2, constituted for example by a ring-shaped dispenser 7 formed for example by a channel with perforated bottom, above the wall 2, which in different embodiments, the water dispenser 7 can be arranged below, above or integrated eventually in a cover 28 and the water can be exit therefrom by holes, pipes, channels, nozzles, trays or by overflow from the edge.
  • the water dispenser 7 can be arranged below, above or integrated eventually in a cover 28 and the water can be exit therefrom by holes, pipes, channels, nozzles, trays or by overflow from the edge.
  • the machine further comprises detachment means 3 active flush with the freezing surface of the wall 2 to allow the detachment of pieces of ice 4 from said wall 2.
  • the detachment means are rotatably operated by mechanical means 53, for example a gearmotor of a type known per se and therefore not described in detail and comprise, in the illustrated example, a cantilevered unit comprising a scraper 25, for example a vertical scraper roller 25 rotating on its axis s2, and at least one horizontal arm 17 connected to the upper end 26 of the scraper.
  • mechanical means 53 for example a gearmotor of a type known per se and therefore not described in detail and comprise, in the illustrated example, a cantilevered unit comprising a scraper 25, for example a vertical scraper roller 25 rotating on its axis s2, and at least one horizontal arm 17 connected to the upper end 26 of the scraper.
  • the cantilevered-assembled detachment means refer to detachment means comprising a scraper, whose lower end 27 is free with respect to the fixed part, whose lower end 27 is free or does not present mechanical constraints to any fixed part of the machine near the lower surface of the ice drain 11. It is understood that in the position of the rotating roller 25 a fixed scraper profile integral with the arm can similarly be provided .
  • the arm 17 is rigidly fixed to a central rotating body or shaft 12, constrained to the casing 16 by means of supports 14 with a vertical axis S, for example bearings, exclusively to the upper part of the machine and in particular to the cover 28, fixed to the casing 16 by means of removable fixing elements 29, preferably of the rapid type .
  • the support 12 can have a greater extension along the axis S and the scraper can be carried by a pair of arms 17, 17' extended between the central support and the ends of the scraper (fig. 1A) .
  • recording means 13 of the radial distance of the roller 3 from the cold wall 2 can be provided, for example an eccentric coupling adjustable between the shaft 12 and a hole 18 of the arm 17 (and possibly 17') of the axis si eccentric with respect to the axis 12 of the shaft S.
  • the removable components of the machine including the support 12, the arm 17 and the scraper 25, with the possible recording means 13, are contained within the area defined by the vertical projection pi of the wall 2 in order to allow the disassembly by extraction from above along the axis S without having to access the lower part of the machine, near the drain area.
  • the dispenser 7 can be extracted from the machine together with the arm 17 being fixed thereto, for example, by means of a crossbeam 15 and thus facilitating the assembly/disassembly operations from above.
  • the dispenser can be of the fixed type, with an easily removable fixing 21 of the dispenser 7 to the fixed part 16, for example a geometric fitting or a quick screw fixing or similar.
  • the dispenser 7 is preferably of internal diameter greater than the internal diameter of the cold wall 2.
  • the dispenser will be of the fixed type and integral with the cover.
  • a tank 6 for example an annular-shaped tank with an internal diameter d2, for the collection of non-frozen excess water coming from said wall 2 and recirculation means 8 to make said excess water flow, collected in the said tank 6, with said feeding water.
  • the water collection tank 6 is arranged outside the drain area 11 and the vertical projection pi of the cold wall 2 from which it receives excess water due to deviation means 10, comprising a conveying profile 10 arranged substantially in continuity with the lower edge 22 of the freezing surface of the wall 2, i.e. without creating sharp edges to avoid the possible separation of drops of excess water coming by falling from the wall 2 and is equipped with a divergent geometry such as to deviate outwardly the water flow into said tank 6.
  • the water recovery profile 10 is made of a "slightly cold" material compared to the wall 2, for example in a plastic, rubber or resin material or for example a metal material separated from the wall 2 by a rubber gasket or by a low thickness section, so that no ice forms on the lower edge of the wall 2, near the drain area 11 where the scraper does not arrive and therefore problems of interference with the drained ice can be created.
  • the water is dispensed by the feeding means 5 to the dispensing means 7 and then to the cold wall 2, cooled by the cooling means 1.
  • the detachment means 3 of the formed ice arranged at a distance, possibly adjustable due to the recording means 13, are rotated about the axis of revolution thereof.
  • the flake ice 4 thus detached falls from the wall 2 on the drain area 11 without encountering obstacles in its path and can therefore be easily collected .
  • the non-frozen excess water that comes down from the wall 2 is intercepted by the deviation means 10 and collected in the tank 6 from which through the recirculation means 8 it is returned to the feeding means 5 for subsequent reuse.
  • the ice and water cycles are separate and any interference between excess water falling from the wall and the ice drain area is avoided .
  • the lack of mechanical constraints at the bottom and the excess size of the tank 6 with respect to the wall 2, and therefore of the radial dimensions of the scraper 3, allow to withdraw the movable part 69 from the fixed casing 16, comprising the rotating body 12, the recording means 13 and the detachment means 3, also acting downwards, without encountering obstacles.
  • Figs. 3 to 8 show possible constructional variations with respect in particular to the water distribution pattern and assembly of the detachment means .
  • the cover 28 can be disassembled from the casing or fixed. If fixed, the movable section is extracted from below;
  • the scraper support can be L-shaped (fig.6a, 6b), or with two horizontal sections 17, 17' which constrain the two upper and lower ends of the icebreaker scraper (fig.7a, 7b), or even provide a disk-shaped or cross- shaped support 170 connected to the scraper 25 for example by a vertical shaft 35, and with fifth wheel coupling on a rotating constraint 14' formed for example by a bearing mounted in an upper seat 30 of the fixed casing 16;
  • the rotating constraint 14 may consist of bearings, runners or wheels;
  • the movable section can be extracted by extraction from above (for example together with a cover 28 which can be disassembled) or at the bottom (in this case by providing a tank 6 external to the wall 2 and/or which can be disassembled to allow the withdrawal of the movable section of the machine ) ;
  • the water dispenser 7 can be in the form of an open or closed channel arranged in a ring shape and operating by water falling inside (fig. 5a) of the internal edge of the cold wall (in this case the water will reach the cold wall due to the falling jet from the dispenser) or outside the cold wall (preferred mode) .
  • the dispenser may also be part of the fixed section of the machine, for example fixed to the casing 16 (fig. 3a) under the cover 28, or fixed below (fig. 3b) or above (fig. 3c) the cover 28 or integrated with the cover or be in the form of a multi-channel dispenser with a plurality of channels 31 radial with respect to a common central body 32 fed by the incoming water (fig.
  • the tank 6 for collecting non-frozen excess water can be positioned below and outside the lower edge of the cold wall, integral with or which can be disassembled from the fixed section of the machine;
  • the recirculation means for the water collected in the tank to flow together with the feeding water can provide for a lower drawing of the water to be recirculated from the tank 6 re-introduced into the dispenser 7 outside (fig. 4a, 4b) or inside (fig. 5a, 5b) the wall 2.
  • the solutions adopted therefore allow a simple extraction from above and/or from below of the movable part from the fixed part of the machine so as to create a machine that is simple to manufacture and easy to maintain, in addition to promoting free access to the surface of the ice drain.
  • Fig. 9 shows an icebreaker 25' consisting of a central blade-holder body 40 with planes or fittings to which fix the straight blades 41 instead of the helical ones .
  • the blade-holder could be a hexagonal a round bar or on which to perform straight milling parallel to the axis in which to house the blades and secure them for example with screws.
  • a motorisation device 42 is provided with mechanized advancement that allows the rotation of the blade- holder body.
  • the advancement device provides an actuation with chain or belt connected to a wheel (with groove or teeth) fixed to the upper part of the icebreaker 25' and a second wheel which, when assembled in the machine, can be fixed under the cover.
  • an actuation with internal teeth gear positioned in the upper part of the fixed section of the machine (for example above the cylinder of the cold part or under the cover) and engaged with a gear fixed to the upper part of the icebreaker 25' may be provided .
  • the device may provide an actuation with a wheel fixed to the upper part of the icebreaker 25' which rolls on a ring of the fixed section of the machine.
  • Fig. 10 shows a further embodiment example of an icebreaker 25' ' with replaceable blades composed of several overlapped disks 51, where each disk is a star and the tips of the stars are staggered between each other .
  • each disk is a star and the tips of the stars are staggered between each other .
  • the tips of the star are radially shaped, many discs of low thickness will be provided, while if the points of the star are radially inclined, a smaller number of discs of greater thickness may be provided.
  • FIG. 11-13 an installation according to the invention is illustrated, in which a machine M for making flake ice is installed at a drain hole 60 made in the top 61 of a chamber 62 for collection or transit of the ice being made.
  • the machine M comprises a fixed section applied to the top 61 and a movable section without mechanical constraints to the fixed section near the drain hole and can be removed in a single block for extraction from above along the axis S of the ice-forming cylindrical wall 2 through the extraction area defined by the vertical projection of the surface 2 itself.
  • Fig. 11 shows an installation of the machine M of the cell type, wherein the ice produced is drained into a room or collection cell 62 with a very high ceiling 61 in relation to the height of an operator, for example 3-6 meters and with an opening 65.
  • Fig. 12 shows an installation of the machine M of the type on "bin", i.e., wherein the machine M is installed on a hole 60 of a chamber 62 constituted by a container or silo inside which the ice is stored, and which is for example accessible through an opening 65 of one of its walls 66 for picking up or inspecting the ice .
  • Fig. 13 shows an installation of the machine M of the type with a drain tube, wherein the ice coming out of the machine M can be conveyed with a tube 67 to an area 68 for use outside the chamber 62.
  • disconnecting the machine from the system implies an additional risk of refrigerant loss, which is potentially polluting and/or toxic.
  • the advantage of being able to have an installation of a M machine for the production of ice is therefore evident, which provides for the possibility of carrying out maintenance without having to access from below, with the movable parts of the machine that can be extracted and put back into use from above, preferably in just one single block, possibly after removing a removable cover by means of fasteners, for example screws or quick couplings 29, allowing a quick repair with a downtime of shorter duration than the known systems.
  • Fig. 14 shows in greater detail a machine M according to the invention installed on a drain hole 60 made in a top wall or ceiling 61 and comprising a fixed section 16 stably applied to the ceiling 61 and a movable section 69 inside of the cylindrical ice forming wall 2, wherein the movable section comprises at least the detachment or scraper means 3, a support element 12 movable with a rotating constraint 14 with respect to the fixed section, and possibly a cover 28.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une machine de fabrication de glace en paillettes, comprenant des moyens de refroidissement (1), une paroi froide (2), des moyens d'alimentation et de distribution (5, 7) d'une quantité d'eau sur ladite paroi froide (2) pour former une couche de glace, des moyens de détachement (3) pour le détachement la glace en paillettes (4) de ladite paroi (2), un drain inférieur et une surface de collecte par chute (11) de glace en paillettes détachée de la paroi (2), un réservoir (6) pour la collecte d'eau en excès non gelée à partir de la paroi inclinée (2), des moyens de recirculation (8) pour amener ladite eau en excès collectée à s'écouler dans le réservoir (6) avec ladite eau d'alimentation, les moyens de détachement (3), qui comprennent un racleur vertical (25), étant assemblés en porte-à-faux et exempts de toute contrainte dans la partie inférieure du drain de glace afin d'être facilement retirés en un seul bloc.
PCT/IB2020/050404 2019-01-21 2020-01-20 Machine de fabrication de glace en paillettes WO2020152561A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT102019000000855 2019-01-21
IT201900000855 2019-01-21

Publications (1)

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WO2020152561A1 true WO2020152561A1 (fr) 2020-07-30

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Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2310468A (en) * 1938-01-29 1943-02-09 Flakice Corp Ice making apparatus and method
US2867987A (en) * 1956-07-26 1959-01-13 Carrier Corp Control device for ice making machines
FR1314825A (fr) * 1962-02-13 1963-01-11 Gram Brdr As Appareil pour la production de morceaux de glace
US4760710A (en) * 1984-11-14 1988-08-02 Takagi Sangyo Yugen Kaisha Ice making machine
JP2003056953A (ja) * 2001-08-08 2003-02-26 Hoshizaki Electric Co Ltd 製氷機
ITPI20130064A1 (it) * 2013-07-04 2015-01-05 Cosmec Italia S R L Apparecchiatura per produrre ghiaccio in scaglie
WO2015028725A1 (fr) * 2013-08-30 2015-03-05 Gea Réfrigération France Dispositif de génération de glace, mettant en œuvre un échangeur cylindrique à double paroi, dont une paroi interne bi-matériaux
WO2018110506A1 (fr) * 2016-12-12 2018-06-21 ブランテック株式会社 Dispositif de production et procédé de production de glace en flocons

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2310468A (en) * 1938-01-29 1943-02-09 Flakice Corp Ice making apparatus and method
US2867987A (en) * 1956-07-26 1959-01-13 Carrier Corp Control device for ice making machines
FR1314825A (fr) * 1962-02-13 1963-01-11 Gram Brdr As Appareil pour la production de morceaux de glace
US4760710A (en) * 1984-11-14 1988-08-02 Takagi Sangyo Yugen Kaisha Ice making machine
JP2003056953A (ja) * 2001-08-08 2003-02-26 Hoshizaki Electric Co Ltd 製氷機
ITPI20130064A1 (it) * 2013-07-04 2015-01-05 Cosmec Italia S R L Apparecchiatura per produrre ghiaccio in scaglie
WO2015028725A1 (fr) * 2013-08-30 2015-03-05 Gea Réfrigération France Dispositif de génération de glace, mettant en œuvre un échangeur cylindrique à double paroi, dont une paroi interne bi-matériaux
WO2018110506A1 (fr) * 2016-12-12 2018-06-21 ブランテック株式会社 Dispositif de production et procédé de production de glace en flocons

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