WO2020152169A1 - Composant pour une arme à feu, arme à feu et procédé de fabrication d'un composant pour une arme à feu - Google Patents

Composant pour une arme à feu, arme à feu et procédé de fabrication d'un composant pour une arme à feu Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020152169A1
WO2020152169A1 PCT/EP2020/051415 EP2020051415W WO2020152169A1 WO 2020152169 A1 WO2020152169 A1 WO 2020152169A1 EP 2020051415 W EP2020051415 W EP 2020051415W WO 2020152169 A1 WO2020152169 A1 WO 2020152169A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
wall
component
firearm
chamber
barrel
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2020/051415
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Maximillian ALBERT
Original Assignee
Ruag Ammotec Ag
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ruag Ammotec Ag filed Critical Ruag Ammotec Ag
Priority to EP20701577.7A priority Critical patent/EP3914873A1/fr
Publication of WO2020152169A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020152169A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A21/00—Barrels; Gun tubes; Muzzle attachments; Barrel mounting means
    • F41A21/30—Silencers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A21/00—Barrels; Gun tubes; Muzzle attachments; Barrel mounting means
    • F41A21/12—Cartridge chambers; Chamber liners
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A21/00—Barrels; Gun tubes; Muzzle attachments; Barrel mounting means
    • F41A21/20—Barrels or gun tubes characterised by the material
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A21/00—Barrels; Gun tubes; Muzzle attachments; Barrel mounting means
    • F41A21/44—Insulation jackets; Protective jackets
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A3/00—Breech mechanisms, e.g. locks
    • F41A3/64—Mounting of breech-blocks; Accessories for breech-blocks or breech-block mountings
    • F41A3/66—Breech housings or frames; Receivers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A9/00—Feeding or loading of ammunition; Magazines; Guiding means for the extracting of cartridges
    • F41A9/61—Magazines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41C—SMALLARMS, e.g. PISTOLS, RIFLES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • F41C23/00—Butts; Butt plates; Stocks
    • F41C23/10—Stocks or grips for pistols, e.g. revolvers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y80/00—Products made by additive manufacturing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a component for a firearm, in particular a handgun, such as the housing, cartridge chamber, magazine, handle, barrel, muffler and / or barrel. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a manufacturing method for a component for a firearm, in particular a handgun, such as the housing, cartridge chamber, magazine, handle, barrel, muffler and / or barrel.
  • silencers should also be able to be produced as lightly as possible, long-lasting, heat-insulating, recoil-resistant (recoil damping capacity) and with little manufacturing effort. It is also important to counteract undesirable effects, such as the so-called heat flickering and the first-shot problem.
  • heat flickering the component, which heats up over time, heats the surrounding air, which creates flickering in the shooter's field of vision when climbing.
  • the first-shot problem reveals that there is an increased proportion of oxygen within the muffler before the first shot, which burns due to the ignited propellant charge of the projectile and thus increases the sound of the first shot.
  • Longevity means in particular high strengths, toughness, corrosion resistance, etc. in various operating conditions.
  • the muffler can be exposed to temperatures from below o ° C for the first shot in winter to around iooo ° C for fast shot salvos.
  • the sound damping capacity can, for example, be at the expense of weight through increased use of material, but at the expense of the first-shot problem through larger deflection chambers within the silencer, but at the expense of the longer bypasses of the combustion gas within the silencer Heat fibrillation or through a need-optimized geometry can be increased at the expense of production costs.
  • Sheaths for firearms can be used in addition or as an alternative to silencers and are mounted around the barrel of a firearm and / or silencer.
  • Mantles must meet essentially the same requirements as mufflers, with mantles primarily used for heat insulation and heat dissipation to avoid heat flicker or burns, while mufflers are primarily responsible for sound insulation.
  • US 2017/0160035 Ai discloses a method for producing silencer segments from titanium aluminide powder.
  • the use of titanium aluminide serves in particular to reduce the weight of the muffler segments or to increase the mechanical strength with the same weight. It is proposed that the oxygen content be varied within a narrow range of settings in order not to lose a decrease in strength if there is too little oxygen or if the material becomes brittle if there is too much oxygen. In the case of firearm components, in particular silencers, ductility over temperature resistance must be prioritized.
  • titanium aluminide powder is provided, a semi-finished product is formed from the powder, and then the semi-finished product is sintered into the silencer segment in an oven. With this method, the porosity can only be reduced to a limited extent of approximately 2%.
  • the method according to US 2017/0160035 Ai also has the disadvantage of the high production outlay, in particular due to the multi-stage method, and the geometric design freedom for the semifinished product, which is restricted due to the production method, namely by pressing or injection molding.
  • the muffler segments heat up during operation, which heats up the surrounding air, which results in a flickering heat in the shooter's field of vision.
  • the silencer according to US 2017/0160035 Ai produces high structure-borne noise.
  • the forces generated by the shot cannot be sufficiently compensated, so that recoils when firing shots make it difficult to aim at a subsequent shot.
  • the object of the invention is to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art, in particular a component for a firearm with increased heat insulation capacity, recoil damping capacity and / or
  • the first-shot problem and / or the heat flicker are not / is preferably improved. It is also an object of the invention to improve a manufacturing method for such a component.
  • a component for a firearm in particular a handgun
  • the component can be components that directly belong to the firearm, such as a housing, a cartridge chamber, a magazine, a handle, a barrel and / or a barrel.
  • the component can also affect add-on parts of the firearm, such as a silencer or a barrel jacket. It is therefore clear that the component is not restricted to a specific geometric shape or arrangement or attachment to the firearm.
  • Other firearm components not mentioned above may be included in the disclosure of the present invention.
  • the component comprises an outer wall facing the outside of the firearm and an inner wall facing away from the outside.
  • the inner wall and the outer wall can, for example, have a similar shape, in particular an identical shape, and / or be oriented essentially parallel to one another.
  • the inner wall and the outer wall can be arranged at a distance from one another, in particular the distance between the inner wall and the outer wall defining a wall thickness of the component at least in sections.
  • the outer wall does not have to face directly the outside of the firearm along its full extent in the component longitudinal direction, but that it is also conceivable that a further component according to the invention or an additional attachment for a firearm is connected to the component in such a way that the outer wall is surrounded, for example, at least in sections in the longitudinal direction of the component by the further component or the additional attachment.
  • At least one closed, gas-tight vacuum chamber is formed between the outer wall and the inner wall.
  • Gas-tight is to be understood in particular in that the vacuum chamber is impermeable to gases.
  • An example pore size that can cause gas permeability is in a range from approximately 1 nm to 10 nm, it being clear that components with a larger diameter do not get out of the vacuum chamber or into the vacuum chamber.
  • the vacuum chamber is gas-tightly sealed, in particular hermetically sealed, in particular by io mbarl -9 / s can be said hermetically sealed with a leak rate of about l *.
  • a chamber which is initially provided with, for example, an atmospheric pressure
  • a vacuum pump can be connected to the component, in particular to the atmosphere chamber, in order to generate negative pressure in the chamber.
  • a pressure in the chamber is referred to as a negative pressure if it is below the ambient pressure, with ambient air having an ambient pressure of 1 bar being able to be assumed as the reference pressure.
  • the inventors of the present invention have found that providing the component with a vacuum chamber has a positive effect, above all on thermal insulation, as well as on sound insulation and recoil damping.
  • the gas in the negative pressure state in the negative pressure chamber therefore forms a kind of insulator, since the heat-conducting air particles have been reduced or minimized due to the negative pressure state.
  • the disadvantageous effect of heat fibrillation can be significantly improved.
  • an absolute gas pressure of at most io * io -3 mbar and / or at least 5 * io -6 mbar prevails in the at least one vacuum chamber.
  • Gas pressure generally arises as the sum of all the forces acting on the vacuum chamber by gas or gas mixture arranged in the vacuum chamber, in particular on the inner wall and the outer wall of the component.
  • a strong negative pressure or such a low pressure in the negative pressure chamber has very good thermal insulation properties.
  • a certain minimum gas pressure value of 5 * 10 -6 mbar must be observed.
  • the component is manufactured additively, in particular by means of electron beam welding or laser beam welding.
  • a gas pressure value in the claimed range has also proven to be particularly advantageous in the production by means of electron beam welding, since it generally applies that the fewer obstacles in the electron beam or laser beam spreads better, ie with more energy and more specifically Paths stand, ie the lower the gas pressure in the vacuum chamber.
  • the minimum gas pressure value comes about because the inventors of the present invention have found that below this pressure value there are explosive discharge processes between the powder particles of the powder-based additive manufacturing process can come.
  • the minimum gas pressure value is therefore particularly intended to ensure sufficient stability of the component during its manufacture.
  • the component has a group of a plurality of vacuum chambers which are distributed in the longitudinal direction of the component and / or in a transverse direction oriented transversely, preferably perpendicularly, to the longitudinal direction of the component.
  • the vacuum chambers of the group of several vacuum chambers are evenly distributed in the component longitudinal direction and / or in the transverse direction, with two adjacent vacuum chambers of the group of several vacuum chambers in each case being equidistant from one another.
  • the group of several vacuum chambers forms a honeycomb structure between the outer wall and the inner wall of the component.
  • the vacuum chambers of the group of several vacuum chambers can represent carriages of any geometric shape.
  • two adjacent vacuum chambers of the group of a plurality of vacuum chambers are separated from one another by an intermediate wall connecting the inner wall and the outer wall.
  • the intermediate wall extends essentially at least in sections transversely to the component longitudinal direction and / or extends between the inner wall and the outer wall.
  • the partition wall opens into an adjacent partition wall, which is assigned to two further adjacent vacuum chambers of the group of several vacuum chambers, and / or into a chamber wall that extends essentially in the longitudinal direction of the components.
  • the intermediate wall and / or the chamber wall is at least partially curved, preferably spherical. It is also conceivable for the chamber wall and the intermediate wall to be oriented and connected in pairs to form the respective vacuum chamber in such a way that the honeycomb structure is formed from preferably hexagonal vacuum chambers.
  • the at least one vacuum chamber is filled with metal powder grains.
  • the inventors of the present invention have found that by filling the vacuum chamber with metal powder grains at least partially, a positive influence on the thermal insulation of the component has, especially since the metal powder grains themselves have a low to poor thermal conductivity. It was also found that the soundproofing of the component is also improved by arranging metal powder grains in the vacuum chambers. In particular in the production of the present component according to the invention by means of an additive manufacturing method, such as laser beam welding or electron beam welding, the described effect is particularly advantageous due to the metal powder grains arranged in the vacuum chambers.
  • the metal powder grains can comprise a titanium aluminide and / or nickel-based alloy.
  • Titanium aluminum (TiAl) is an intermetallic compound made of titanium and aluminum, which can be represented both as a structural material and as a coating material. Titanium aluminides have very good strength and stiffness properties at low density (about 3.8 g / cm 3 ) and have considerable properties in specific areas of application, such as firearm components, in which high-temperature strength, flexible deformability and high demands are placed on low weight Advantages.
  • Nickel-based alloys are materials whose main constituent is nickel and which are usually produced with at least one other chemical element by means of a melting process and have good resistance to corrosion and / or high temperatures. According to the present invention, it has been found that the use of titanium aluminides and nickel-based alloys is particularly well suited for firearm components, especially when they are additively manufactured in one piece.
  • the powder grains used for the production of the component have a diameter of at least 15 pm and / or at most 300 pm.
  • the diameter of the powder grains can be measured in particular in accordance with DIN 66161. It is clear that the indication of the diameter in no way suggests that the grains necessarily have a perfect spherical geometry. Rather, the grains can also have spherical shapes or form agglomerations of several powder grains, which can arise during the production of the powder, for example by means of powder atomization.
  • At least 50% of the powder grains have a diameter of at least 25 pm and at most 150 pm, in particular in the range from 40 pm to 80 pm, preferably in the range from 15 pm to at most 45 pm.
  • an inert gas such as helium or argon
  • the noble gas can be used to ensure that the minimum gas pressure value of about 5 * 1 6 mbar, as described above, remains. Another advantage of the noble gas is that the positively charged ions suppress the effect of the occurrence of explosive discharge processes between the powder particles in the case of a powder bed-based manufacturing process.
  • each vacuum chamber of the several vacuum chambers is not necessarily closed and gas-tight, but together with the at least one further vacuum chamber forms a common vacuum chamber space that is gas-tight and closed.
  • the gas arranged in the vacuum chambers and, if appropriate, the metal powder introduced into the vacuum chambers can be displaced between the two adjacent vacuum chambers which are connected to one another.
  • the intermediate wall and / or the chamber wall is designed to be permeable, in particular gas and / or metal powder permeable, such that gas and / or metal powder can be exchanged between the adjacent vacuum chambers.
  • a permeability, in particular porosity, of the intermediate wall and / or the chamber wall can be adjusted to a particle size of the metal powder or the gas atoms such that they can pass through the intermediate wall and / or the chamber wall.
  • a component for a firearm in particular a handgun
  • the component can be components that directly belong to the firearm, such as a housing, a cartridge chamber, a magazine, a handle, a barrel and / or a barrel.
  • the component can also affect add-on parts of the firearm, such as a silencer or a barrel jacket. It is therefore clear that the component does not have a specific geometric shape or arrangement or attachment to the firearm is limited.
  • Other firearm components not mentioned above may be included in the disclosure of the present invention.
  • the component comprises an outer wall facing the outside of the firearm and an inner wall facing away from the outside.
  • the inner wall and the outer wall can, for example, have a similar shape, in particular an identical shape, and / or be oriented essentially parallel to one another.
  • the inner wall and the outer wall can be arranged at a distance from one another, in particular the distance between the inner wall and the outer wall defining a wall thickness of the component at least in sections.
  • the outer wall does not have to face directly the outside of the firearm along its full extent in the component longitudinal direction, but that it is also conceivable that a further component according to the invention or an additional attachment for a firearm is connected to the component in such a way that the outer wall is surrounded, for example, at least in sections in the longitudinal direction of the component by the further component or the further add-on part.
  • the outer wall and the inner wall are additively manufactured in one piece such that at least one closed chamber is formed between the outer wall and the inner wall.
  • the closed chamber can be formed as a gas-tight vacuum chamber, in particular according to one of the previously described aspects or exemplary embodiments.
  • thermal shaping processes can be used. With thermal shaping processes, such as casting processes and additive manufacturing processes, such as selective laser beam welding and selective electron beam welding, more complex geometries can be produced which, compared to other machining processes, for example machining processes, have the same or lower weight, increased sound absorption, recoil damping and / or heat absorption capacity can have.
  • thermal shaping process Another advantage of the thermal shaping process is that a heat treatment can be integrated which increases the longevity of the firearm component.
  • the manufacturing outlay can be reduced both compared to metal-cutting manufacturing processes and to other thermal production processes, such as casting processes, since components can in particular be largely manufactured in one step and without the need for post-processing.
  • the entire muffler or muzzle brake can be produced in one step.
  • minor reworking such as the introduction of a thread for fastening the component to the firearm, may be necessary.
  • the component according to the invention is manufactured by layer-wise application and fusing of metal powder grains.
  • the direction in which the metal powder grains are applied in layers and fused together determines the direction in which the additive manufacturing process is built up.
  • the fact that the metal powder grains are applied in layers and fused together to this extent allows the respective layer thickness of the corresponding layer component to be set in this way.
  • at least 50% of the powder grains have a diameter of at least 25 pm and at most 300 pm.
  • the diameter of the powder grains can be measured in particular in accordance with DIN 66161. It is clear that the indication of the diameter in no way suggests that the grains necessarily have a perfect spherical geometry. Rather, the grains can also have spherical shapes or form agglomerations of several powder grains, which can arise during the production of the powder, for example by means of powder atomization.
  • the component is manufactured by means of a selective laser beam welding method. It can be provided that at least 50% of the metal powder grains have a diameter of at least 15 pm and at most 45 pm.
  • the powder grains are applied in layers, for example, to a carrier plate and fused. It can be provided that a layer thickness in the build-up direction in which the component is built up in layers is at least 25 pm, preferably at least 35 pm or 45 pm.
  • the component is manufactured by means of a selective electron beam welding process.
  • At least 50% of metal powder grains can have a diameter of at least 25 pm and at most 150 pm, in particular in the range from 40 pm to 80 pm.
  • the powder grains can be characterized in that they have an average diameter of 60 pm to 90 pm, preferably in the range from 70 pm to 80 pm.
  • the powder grains are applied in layers, for example, to a carrier plate and fused. It can be provided that a layer thickness in the direction of construction, in which the component is built up in layers, is at least 25 pm, preferably at least 35 pm, 45 pm or at least 60 pm and / or at most 80 pm.
  • An exemplary selective electron beam melting system is characterized as follows:
  • the essential components are Electron beam generating cannon and the space in which components are generated in layers by means of selective melting from a so-called powder bed.
  • the cannon has the task of emitting and accelerating electrons, bundling them into a beam and directing them to the working level in which the component is generated. Voltages of up to over 60 kV are used to accelerate the electrons.
  • the preferably essentially inertia-free electron beam is deflected or focused by applying electromagnetic fields.
  • a generally vertically movable carrier platform / construction platform, at least one powder tank and a powder rake for layer-by-layer application and uniform distribution of the powder material are arranged in the installation space.
  • the high jet speed (up to 8000 m / s), for example, is advantageous in this process, which among other things means that additional heat can be introduced in every layer in addition to the local melting.
  • the installation space is strongly suppressed, preferably in a range from 10 * 10 3 mbar to 5 * 10 -6 mbar.
  • the electron beam can be generated reliably and the installation space is very well insulated.
  • the energy absorption when using an electron beam is very good, so that a lot of heat can be generated in the powder in a short time.
  • there are constantly higher temperatures which makes it possible, among other things, to use special materials that cannot otherwise be processed, in particular to process them with low stress and without errors.
  • Laser beam welding is carried out essentially analogously to electron beam welding with the essential difference that a laser beam is used instead of the electron beam.
  • the laser beam is deflected by mirrors.
  • the installation space is flooded with pure inert gas (argon, helium).
  • inert gas argon, helium
  • the negative pressure has an advantageous effect on the production process and the component to be produced compared to flooding with inert gas.
  • gaseous inclusions in the component which can have a negative effect on the component quality, can be avoided.
  • the high deflection speed of the electron beam is also advantageous, so that a significantly higher number of melting tracks can be operated in parallel.
  • a powder fraction in the range from 15 to 45 ⁇ m can be achieved by means of laser beam welding.
  • a firearm in particular a hand gun
  • the firearm comprises at least one component according to the invention and designed according to one of the above aspects or exemplary embodiments.
  • a manufacturing method for a component such as a housing, a cartridge chamber, a magazine, a handle, a barrel, a silencer and / or a shaft, for a firearm, in particular a handgun.
  • the component to be manufactured can be designed or manufactured in accordance with one of the previously described aspects or exemplary embodiments.
  • an outer wall facing the outside of the firearm and an inner wall facing away from the outside are manufactured such that at least one closed, gas-tight vacuum chamber is formed between the outer wall and the inner wall.
  • a manufacturing method for a component such as a housing, a cartridge chamber, a magazine, a handle, a barrel, a silencer and / or a shaft, for a firearm, in particular a handgun.
  • the component to be manufactured can be designed or manufactured in accordance with one of the previously described aspects or exemplary embodiments.
  • an outer wall facing the outside of the firearm and an inner wall facing away from the outside are additively manufactured in one piece such that at least one closed chamber is formed between the outer wall and the inner wall.
  • the manufacturing method according to the invention can be characterized in such a way that it realizes the component in accordance with one of the previously described aspects or exemplary embodiments, or that the component can be produced in accordance with one of the previously described aspects or exemplary embodiments .
  • the component is produced from a piece of an alloy comprising more than 15 at.% Aluminum and more than 10 at.% Titanium.
  • these alloy components are particularly well suited for components for firearms in the minimum atomic percent range claimed, since they have particularly good properties with regard to the flexible production of complex geometric structures, which are particularly relevant for components for firearms, to meet the tough requirements Heat resistance, sound insulation and recoil damping properties.
  • the alloy constituent composition according to the invention achieves an optimum of high strength and low weight.
  • the component is made additively from a piece of the alloy.
  • thermal shaping processes can be used.
  • thermal shaping processes such as casting processes and additive manufacturing processes, such as selective laser beam welding and selective electron beam welding
  • more complex geometries can be produced which, compared to other, for example machining, machining processes with the same or lower weight have increased sound absorption, recoil damping and / or heat absorption capacity can.
  • Another advantage of the thermal shaping process is that a heat treatment can be integrated which increases the longevity of the firearm component.
  • the manufacturing outlay can be reduced both compared to metal-cutting manufacturing processes and to other thermal production processes, such as casting processes, since components can in particular be largely manufactured in one step and without the need for post-processing.
  • the entire muffler or muzzle brake can be produced in one step.
  • slight reworking such as, for example, the introduction of a thread for fastening the component to the firearm, may be necessary.
  • the component is made additively from a piece of a titanium aluminide alloy or a nickel-based alloy.
  • Titanium aluminides TiAl are intermetallic compounds made of titanium and aluminum, which can be represented both as a structural material and as a coating material. Titanium alumini de have very good strength and stiffness properties at low density (about 3.8 g / cm 3 ) and have in specific areas of application, such as firearm components, in which high temperature resistance, flexible deformability and high demands are placed on a low weight, significant benefits.
  • Nickel-based alloys are materials whose main constituent is nickel and which are usually produced with at least one other chemical element by means of a melting process and have good resistance to corrosion and / or high temperatures. According to the present invention, it has been found that the use of titanium aluminides and nickel-based alloys is particularly useful for firearm components is particularly suitable, especially if they are made additively from one piece. For example, when using powder grains as the starting material of the alloy for the manufacture of the component according to the invention, thermal shaping processes can be used.
  • thermal shaping processes such as casting processes and additive manufacturing processes, such as selective laser beam welding and selective electron beam welding
  • more complex geometries can be produced which, compared to other, for example machining, machining processes with the same or lower weight have increased sound absorption, recoil damping and / or heat absorption capacity can.
  • Another advantage of the thermal shaping process is that a heat treatment can be integrated which increases the longevity of the firearm component.
  • the manufacturing outlay can be reduced both compared to metal-cutting manufacturing processes and to other thermal production processes, such as casting processes, since components can in particular be largely manufactured in one step and without the need for post-processing.
  • the entire muffler or muzzle brake can be produced in one step.
  • slight reworking such as, for example, the introduction of a thread for fastening the component to the firearm, may be necessary.
  • the component is an internal organ for a firearm, in particular a handgun, with a functional surface exposed to combustion gases and / or gas pressure during the firing.
  • the internal organ is to be understood in particular as a component of a firearm, such as a cartridge chamber, a barrel, a muzzle brake, a muffler, a muffler jacket and / or a muffler inner part, which has at least one surface which is exposed to combustion gases and / or gas pressure when firing.
  • a component mounted on the firearm such as a muzzle brake or a silencer.
  • a functional surface is, in particular, such a surface that is designed and / or provided for sound absorption, recoil damping and / or heat absorption.
  • the functional surface can also be located in a chamber, in particular a vacuum chamber, and / or form an inner wall of the chamber, in particular a vacuum chamber. preferably to more effectively dampen sound waves that have entered the chamber and / or to reduce heat radiation from the interior of the component through the chamber to the surroundings, thereby reducing the effect of the heat fibrillation.
  • baffle walls which extend transversely, in particular orthogonally, to the direction of the axis of the soul and which absorb a force which dampens the recoil by braking combustion gases and / or gas pressure which are propagating in the projectile flight direction.
  • the force is oriented in the opposite direction of the recoil.
  • baffles can be formed, for example, in silencers or in muzzle brakes.
  • functional surfaces can be understood as flow guide surfaces, such as surfaces of end walls, in particular partition walls, which limit the flow guide chambers of a silencer in the direction of the axis of the soul.
  • functional surfaces can also be understood to mean surfaces of jackets which delimit the flow guide chambers of a muffler transversely, in particular orthogonally, to the direction of the core axis.
  • Flow control surfaces are designed in particular for sound damping and / or for the most uniform absorption of heat by the internal organ.
  • functional surfaces of the cartridge surrounding surfaces of the cartridge can be understood, which in particular can be configured such that a cartridge chamber also causes the greatest possible sound absorption.
  • an impact surface facing the cartridge in the recoil direction and / or a jacket surface surrounding the cartridge circumferentially can represent a functional surface.
  • Functional surfaces can also be formed in the barrel, in particular in the jacket of the barrel, in order to achieve a silencer there.
  • all or at least a substantial part of the combustion gases and / or gas pressure in the shot exposed surfaces of an inner organ are designed as functional surfaces according to one aspect of the present invention.
  • An essential part in this context is at least 10%, in particular at least 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90% or at least 95%, of said areas, in particular the effective surface, to understand.
  • an internal organ can, for example, form one of the components of a firearm mentioned above.
  • an internal organ can also only form one or more components of such a component, such as, for example, a jacket, a jacket section and / or an end wall, such as a baffle wall, a partition wall, a chamber wall, or the like.
  • an internal organ can form a single end wall, such as a perforated disc or a funnel section, which can be inserted into a silencer.
  • the functional surface has a roughness depth of at least 45 Rz and at most 250 Rz. Rz is the mean roughness depth in the unit pm.
  • the functional surface can also have a mean roughness value of at least 7 Ra and at most 50 Ra, preferably of at least 15 Ra and of at most 100 Ra.
  • Ra is the arithmetic mean of the deviation from a center line in the unit pm.
  • the functional surface has, as an alternative or in addition to the specified ranges for the roughness depth and for the mean roughness value, an effective surface which is 1.1 times to 20.4 times larger than an ideally smooth surface (surface enlargement) .
  • the effective surface is the actual surface of a surface. The difference is illustrated using a cylinder as an example.
  • an ideally smooth cylinder has an effective surface, which is based on the formula: 2 * p * cylinder radius * cylinder length; calculated, the inner surface of a real cylinder has a larger effective surface due to its production-related height and depth profile.
  • the effective surface of the real cylinder is calculated from the product of the surface for an ideally smooth surface (2 * p * cylinder radius * cylinder length) and the magnification factor. It is clear that this type of calculation can also be applied to surfaces that do not have a simple geometric shape and are therefore more complex to calculate.
  • the effective surface of two surfaces can differ significantly, despite a comparable mean roughness value and / or a comparable average roughness depth.
  • the reason for this can preferably be narrow height and depth profiles and / or undercuts, which are not always and / or at least not from a measuring probe and / or from a measuring light beam that can be used to determine the average roughness depth and / or the mean roughness value to be fully detected.
  • the effective surface should be measured, in particular to determine the magnification factor in comparison to an ideally smooth surface by means of gas adsorption, in particular in accordance with DIN ISO 9277, and / or by means of mercury porosimetry, in particular in accordance with DIN 66139.
  • Adsorption is understood to mean the accumulation of substances from gases or liquids on the surface of a solid, more generally at the interface between two phases.
  • the BET measurement method in particular in accordance with DIN ISO 9277, is an analysis method for determining the size of surfaces, in particular porous ones Solid, by means of gas adsorption.
  • Mercury porosimetry is an analytical method for determining the pore size distribution.
  • a particular advantage of the measure according to the invention is that it essentially does not increase the weight, or only increases it insignificantly, in particular because the height and depth profile is in the pm range and therefore has no major influence on the weight. Furthermore, the measure according to the invention has the advantage that the effective surface can be increased significantly without bringing about a significant increase in the volume of the inner organ.
  • the amounts of oxygen in the internal organ before the first shot at least do not increase significantly, so that the first shot problem is not adversely affected or is hardly adversely affected.
  • the height and depth profile in the pm range has a particularly positive effect, because it enables the effective surface of the functional surfaces to be increased significantly, in particular without requiring a larger volume.
  • the pm range is to be understood in particular to be an order of magnitude between 1 pm and 999 pm, preferably between 25 pm and 300 pm, particularly preferably between 45 pm and 250 pm, between 60 pm and 150 pm or between 80 pm and 100 pm.
  • the functional surface is made of powder grains, in particular is made additively.
  • thermal shaping processes can be used.
  • thermal shaping processes such as casting processes and additive manufacturing processes, such as selective laser beam welding and selective electron beam welding, more complex geometries can be produced which, compared to other, for example machining, machining processes with the same or lower weight have increased sound absorption, recoil damping and / or heat absorption capacity can.
  • Another advantage of the thermal shaping process is that a heat treatment can be integrated which increases the longevity of an internal organ.
  • the manufacturing outlay can be reduced both compared to machining manufacturing processes and to other thermal production processes, such as casting processes, since components in particular as far as possible in one step and without the need for post-processing.
  • the entire muffler or muzzle brake can be produced in one step.
  • small reworking such as the introduction of a thread for attaching an inner organ to a firearm, to a silencer, to a muzzle brake, etc., may be necessary.
  • the surfaces, in particular the functional surfaces according to the invention, of components which are produced by means of an additive manufacturing process have an inherent roughness depth to a certain degree.
  • the powder grains are not completely melted and therefore provide a certain roughness depth.
  • the resulting roughness depth can be adjusted by adapting the process parameters, such as the beam power, the exposure time or irradiation time, the atmosphere surrounding the powder, such as protective gas and / or suppressor, and the degree of absorption of the powder used.
  • At least 50% of the powder grains used for the production of the functional surface have a diameter of at least 25 ⁇ m and at most 300 ⁇ m.
  • the diameter of the powder grains can be measured in particular in accordance with DIN 66161. It is clear that the specification of the diameter does not mean that the grains necessarily have a perfect spherical geometry. Rather, the grains can also have spherical shapes or form agglomerations of several powder grains, which can arise during the production of the powder, for example by means of powder atomization.
  • a particular advantage of the use of powder grains in the specified diameter range is that, particularly depending on the production process, they cause a roughness depth in the micrometer range, in particular in a range between 45 Rz and 250 Rz.
  • the powder grains are not completely melted during production, or at least not completely melted in the surface area of the functional surfaces, so that due to their rounded shape, these inherently cause a certain roughness depth. It has been found to be preferred that at least 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80% or 90% of the powder grains forming the functional surface in the surface area are less than 90%, 80% , 70%, 60%, 50%, 40%, 30%, 20% or 10%.
  • the melting of a powder grain by a certain percentage value can be measured, for example, with micrographs of the functional surface. In simple terms, a powder grain that is only connected to the functional surface at points has a melting rate of o%.
  • the only partial melting of powder grains preferably creates undercuts which, in particular, as described above, increase the effective surface of the functional surface.
  • the production methods according to the invention can preferably be combined in accordance with the aspects and exemplary embodiments of the present invention.
  • the manufacturing methods according to the invention enable the components according to the invention to be manufactured. It is clear that the production methods according to the invention can be designed in such a way that the components as described above can be manufactured. It should also be clear that the components according to the invention can be manufactured and structured in accordance with the manufacturing processes according to the invention.
  • Figure 1 is a front view of the floor entry opening of a component for a firearm in the form of a silencer
  • FIG. 2 shows a sectional view of the silencer from FIG. 1 along the section line II;
  • Figure 3 is a front view of the floor exit opening of the muffler
  • FIG. 4 shows a front view of the projectile entry opening of a component for a firearm in the form of a two-part silencer
  • FIG. 5 shows a sectional view of the silencer from FIG. 4 along the section line V;
  • FIG. 6 shows an inner silencer part of the silencer from FIGS. 4 and 5;
  • FIG. 7 shows a muffler jacket of the muffler from FIGS. 4 to 6;
  • Figure 8 is a schematic representation of an additive manufacturing process in which several layers have already been applied and fused;
  • Figure 9 is a schematic representation of an additive
  • Figure 10 is a schematic representation of a manufactured by means of a casting process
  • Figure 11 is a front view of a component for a firearm in the form of a
  • Figure 12 is a sectional view of the barrel of Figure 11;
  • Figure 13 is a sectional view of the barrel of Figure 11 along the line XIII - XIII;
  • FIG. 14 shows a perspective view of the barrel according to FIGS. 11 to 13.
  • FIGS. 1 to 7 show embodiments of a component for a firearm in the form of a silencer 1 and are given the reference number 1.
  • the features of the silencer 1 described below in connection with FIGS. 1 to 7 can also be implemented individually and / or in combination with other components for firearms, such as in a cartridge chamber, a barrel and / or a muzzle brake .
  • advantageous embodiments of internal organs, such as coats or end walls, are described in connection with FIGS. 1 to 7. It is clear that the described features of the exemplary embodiments of the internal organs of the muffler can also be implemented in other components for firearms, such as in a cartridge chamber, a barrel and / or a muzzle brake.
  • an internal organ is a single component, such as a particularly cylindrical wall, in particular a wall section, an end wall or a casing, a component for a firearm, an arrangement of a plurality of internal organs or internal organ components, such as a plurality of end walls, wall sections, coats and / or jacket sections, and / or an entire component, such as a silencer 1, in particular made from one piece, an inner silencer part 61, or a Muffler jacket 3, can be.
  • Information given above and below regarding the extension of individual components, such as internal organs or components of firearms, relative to the core axis S of the firearm (not shown) relates to the state in which the respective component is mounted on the firearm.
  • core axis S is known to the person skilled in the art and describes the longitudinal axis of the bore of a barrel of the firearm, in particular the rotational symmetry axis of the barrel bore of the firearm.
  • core axis direction includes the projectile flight direction G along the core axis S and the recoil direction R opposite to the projectile flight direction. The same or similar reference numerals are used below for the same or similar components.
  • the component according to the invention designed as a silencer 1 comprises a silencer jacket 3 which extends along the core axis S of the firearm.
  • the muffler jacket 3 runs around the core axis in the circumferential direction U.
  • the muffler jacket 3 delimits a plurality of flow-guiding chambers 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17 transversely to the core axis S, in particular the direction of flow of the transversely to the core axis S into the flow chambers 5, 7 , 9, 11, 13, 15, 17 flowing combustion gas and / or gas pressure when firing in the circumferential direction U around the core axis S and in the core axis direction, in particular to dampen the firing noise.
  • the gas pressure is in particular the pressure which the combustion gas exerts as a result of a shot on, for example, the silencer 1 or its internal organs.
  • the muffler comprises an end exit wall 19, which defines a projectile exit opening 21 of the muffler 1, and an end entry wall 23, which defines a projectile entry opening 25.
  • the front entry wall 23 merges into a connection piece 27 for connecting the silencer 1 to a firearm, in particular to the barrel of a firearm or to a muzzle brake attached to the firearm.
  • the front entry wall 23 may itself be part of the connector 27.
  • the connection piece 27 and / or the front entry wall 23 can be part of a muzzle brake.
  • the front outlet wall 19 and the front entry wall 23 delimit flow guide chambers 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, in particular the flow guide chambers 5 and 17, in the direction of the core axis.
  • end walls extend in the core axis direction between the front outlet wall 19 and the front input wall 23, which limit the flow guide chambers 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17 to each other in the core axis direction.
  • the flow guide chambers 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17 are delimited by end walls in the form of baffle walls 29, 31, 33, 35, 37, 39.
  • the flow guide chambers 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15 are delimited by partitions 41, 43, 45, 47, 49.
  • Baffles 29, 31, 33, 35, 37, 39 are designed in particular to dampen the recoil of the firearm by using the flow energy of the combustion gases and / or the gas pressure during the shot.
  • Partitions 41, 43, 45, 47, 49 are designed in particular for dividing the muffler into a plurality of flow guide chambers 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17 in order to dampen the sound by dividing and / or deflecting the flow gases.
  • Internal organ is to be understood in particular as a component of a firearm, such as a cartridge chamber, a barrel, a muzzle brake, a muffler, a muffler jacket and / or a muffler inner part, which has at least one surface which is exposed to combustion gases and / or gas pressure when firing .
  • a component of a firearm such as a cartridge chamber, a barrel, a muzzle brake, a muffler, a muffler jacket and / or a muffler inner part, which has at least one surface which is exposed to combustion gases and / or gas pressure when firing .
  • These include areas that are exposed to the gas pressure and / or the combustion gases before the gas pressure and / or the combustion gases leave the firearm, possibly including a component mounted on the firearm, such as a muzzle brake or a silencer.
  • a functional surface is, in particular, such a surface that is designed for sound damping, for recoil damping and / or heat absorption.
  • baffle walls 19, 29, 31, 33, 35, 37, 39 which extend transversely, in particular orthogonally, to the axis A of the soul, which are caused by combustion gases and / or gas pressure which are propagating in the projectile direction being slowed down , absorb a force that is particularly opposite to the recoil and dampens the recoil.
  • baffles can be formed, for example, in silencers 1 or in muzzle brakes.
  • functional surfaces in particular flow guide surfaces, such as surfaces of end walls, in particular partition walls 23, 41, 43, 45, 47, 49, can be understood to mean the flow guide chambers 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17 and / or intermediate chambers 51 , 53, 55, 57 in the direction of the soul axis.
  • functional surfaces can also be understood to mean surfaces of jackets, such as muffler jackets 3 and / or inner jacket sections 81, 83 of end walls, the flow guide chambers 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17 and / or intermediate chambers 51, 53, 55, 57 limit transversely, in particular orthogonally, to the direction of the soul axis.
  • Flow control surfaces are designed in particular for sound damping and / or for the most uniform absorption of heat by the internal organ.
  • a flow-guiding chamber such as the flow-guiding chambers 7, 9, 11, 13 and 15, can each be provided with an impact wall 29, 31, 33, 35 and 37 and a partition wall 41, 43, 45, 47 and 49 in the axis S direction of the soul.
  • the partition wall 47 is also arranged downstream of the baffle wall 37 of the flow guide chamber 7 in the projectile flight direction G, in particular at an axial distance from it in the direction of the core axis.
  • This arrangement also meets the partition walls 41, 43, 45, 49 with respect to the baffle walls 29, 3h 33, 35, 39 of the upstream flow guide chamber.
  • intermediate chambers 51, 53, 55, 57, 59 in particular can be formed in order to further increase the sound damping capacity and / or the recoil damping capacity of the sound damper.
  • the flow guide chamber 17 can also be delimited in the direction of the core axis by two baffle walls, such as the front outlet wall 19 and the baffle wall 29.
  • a baffle of a flow guide chamber upstream in the projectile flight direction G can serve as a partition wall of the flow guide chamber following in the projectile flight direction G, such as the flow guide chamber 17. It is advantageous in such an embodiment that the number of baffle walls can be increased without increasing the required extension of the silencer 1 in the direction of the core axis. As a result, the recoil damping capacity of the muffler 1 can be increased, in particular without adversely affecting the first-shot problem.
  • the end wall 19 can function as a baffle.
  • the floor entry wall 23 can, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 7, function as a partition.
  • the front outlet wall 19, the front entry wall 23, the baffle walls 29, 31, 33, 35, 37, 39 and / or the partition walls 41, 43, 45, 47, 49 can be made in one piece with the Muffler jacket 3 be formed.
  • the muffler 1 can consist of two parts which can be separated from one another and which are each made in particular from one piece.
  • the end outlet wall 19 can be formed in one piece with the muffler jacket 3.
  • a plurality of end walls such as here the end entry wall 23, the baffle walls 29, 31, 33, 35, 37, 39 and the partition walls 41, 43, 45, 47, 49, can be formed from one piece be.
  • Such a one-piece design of several end walls is referred to below as the inner silencer part 61.
  • a muffler can also have several muffler inner parts, each formed from one piece, with a different number of end walls.
  • the inner silencer part 61 can be provided with at least one opening 63, 65, 67, in particular with a group of several openings 63, 65, 67.
  • the at least one opening 63, 65, 67 extends essentially completely through a muffler inner jacket 69 which delimits the muffler inner part 61 towards the outside.
  • the end walls in particular the baffle walls 29, 31, 33, 35, 37, 39 and / or the partition walls 41, 43, 45, 47, 49, open into the muffler inner jacket 69 and each delimit at least one opening 63, 65, 67 one side regarding the soul axis direction.
  • the muffler inner jacket 69 in particular comprises connecting struts 71, 73, 75 which extend in the core axis direction between the end walls and which in particular each connect two end walls which are adjacent to one another in the core axis direction. As can be seen in particular in FIG.
  • the connecting struts 71, 73, 75 are arranged offset in the circumferential direction U, in particular equidistantly from one another.
  • two adjacent end walls of two to ten, preferably four to eight, connecting struts 71, 73, 75 are connected to one another.
  • the openings 63, 65, 67 in particular extend between the struts, which are preferably also arranged uniformly distributed in the core axis direction and / or transverse to the core axis direction.
  • the connecting struts can be designed to be in alignment with one another in the direction of the core axis.
  • the connecting struts 71 which each connect the end walls of flow-guiding chambers, such as the flow-guiding chamber 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, can be designed in alignment with one another in the direction of the axis of the soul.
  • the openings 63 extending between the connecting struts 71 can be designed to be flush with one another in the direction of the inner axis.
  • connecting struts 73 which each connect the end walls of intermediate chambers, such as the intermediate chambers 51, 53, 55, 57, 59, can be designed to be in alignment with one another in the direction of the core axis.
  • the openings 65 extending between the connecting struts 73 can be designed to be flush with one another in the direction of the axis of the soul.
  • connecting struts can also be arranged offset to one another in the direction of the axis of the soul. As can be seen in FIG.
  • the struts 71 which connect the end walls of the flow guiding chamber to one another, can be arranged offset in the circumferential direction to the struts 73 which connect the end walls of the intermediate chambers to one another.
  • the corresponding openings 63 and 65 can thereby also be arranged offset to one another in the circumferential direction.
  • connecting struts 75 which connect further end walls to one another, such as the front entry wall 23 and the baffle wall 39, can be offset in the circumferential direction U from the connecting struts 71 and / or offset from the Connecting struts 73 may be arranged.
  • the openings 67 extending between the connecting struts 75 can also be arranged offset to the openings 63 and / or 65.
  • the sound vapor channel casing 69 can be honeycomb-shaped.
  • a plurality of openings 63, 65 and / or a plurality of connecting struts 71, 73 can be offset from one another, in particular as described above.
  • a component such as the inner silencer part 61 here, essentially has components, such as end walls, which extend transversely to the direction of the core axis, while the other component , as here the silencer jacket 3, extends essentially in the direction of the axis of the soul.
  • the manufacture of one component in this case the muffler shell 3, can in particular be aimed at adjusting the roughness depth of the functional surfaces of a component which extend in the direction of the core axis, while the manufacture of the other component, here the inner muffler part 61, can be aligned with the roughness depth of the component functional surfaces that extend transversely to the direction of the axis of the soul, in particular the end walls.
  • this can be used to the effect that the orientation of the individual components to the direction of assembly, in which the components are built up in layers, is selected such that the respective functional surfaces have an increased roughness depth as a result of the process.
  • Advantageous orientations of the components in relation to the assembly direction are discussed in particular in connection with FIG. 8.
  • connection between the muffler casing 3 and the muffler inner part 61 can, as shown in particular in FIGS. 4 to 7, take place on the side of the muffler facing the firearm in the direction of the inner axis.
  • a connecting section 77, 79 can in particular be formed on the muffler jacket 3 and on the muffler inner part 61.
  • the connection can be made, for example, via various types of connection known in the prior art, such as a press connection, a threaded connection, a quick-action connection, one of the Manufacture of the two components downstream welded connection or the like.
  • the advantageous two-part embodiment depends in particular on the production of the components, in particular by means of additive production, in order to set the roughness depth on the respective functional surface, in particular due to the process.
  • the components can also be bonded to one another, such as by welding or gluing.
  • the flow-guiding chambers 7, 9, 11, 13, 15 can be designed in particular in a ring around the axis S of the soul.
  • the annular flow guide chambers 7, 9, 11, 13, 15 are each delimited by two end walls in the direction of the axis of the soul.
  • the annular flow guide chambers 7, 9, 11, 13 are preferably delimited in the projectile flight direction G by a baffle wall 29, 31, 33, 35, 37 and in the recoil direction R by a partition 41, 43, 45, 47, 49.
  • the annular flow guide chambers 7, 9, 11, 13, 15 are delimited by the muffler jacket 3 on the side facing away from the core axis.
  • inner jacket sections 81, 83 Transversely to the core axis, on the side of the annular flow guide chambers 7, 9, 11, 13, 15 facing the core axis, these are delimited in particular by inner jacket sections 81, 83.
  • the inner jacket sections 81, 83 delimit a particularly annular passage opening 85, in particular for inflow and / or outflow, for combustion gases and / or gas pressure during the shot.
  • the passage opening 85 of a flow guiding chamber 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17 is defined by a transverse to the soul axis S, in particular at an angle between 10 ° and 8 °, preferably between 20 ° and 70 °, 30 ° and 60 ° ° or 40 ° and 50 °, extending inner jacket portion 81 of the baffle 19, 29, 31, 33, 35, 37, 39 limited transverse to the axis of the soul.
  • the inner jacket section 81 of the baffle wall 19, 29, 31, 33, 35, 37, 39 is in particular conical, in particular tapering in the recoil direction R.
  • the passage opening 85 is delimited transversely to the core axis S by an inner jacket section 83 of a partition 41, 43, 45, 47, 49.
  • the inner jacket section 83 of the partition 41, 43, 45, 47, 49 extends, as shown for example in FIGS. 2 and 5, along the core axis S, in particular at an angle of less than 40 °, preferably less than 30 °, 20 ° , io °, 5 0 , or parallel to the core axis S.
  • the inner jacket section 83 is cylindrical.
  • the silencer 1 has an outer wall 151 facing the outside of the firearm.
  • the outer wall 151 extends essentially in a straight line, ie in particular in the direction of the axis of the soul, along its entire length Dimension.
  • the silencer 1 further comprises an inner wall 153 facing away from the outside of the firearm, which extends essentially parallel to the outer wall 151 and is therefore likewise oriented in the direction of the core axis.
  • the inner wall 153 and the outer wall 151 completely encircle the core axis direction in the circumferential direction U and are arranged at a distance from one another transversely, in particular perpendicularly, to the core axis direction, as a result of which they form a cylindrical hollow body.
  • At least one closed chamber 155 is formed between the inner wall 153 and the outer wall 151.
  • the inner wall 153 and the outer wall 151 are part of the muffler jacket 3. This means that the at least one chamber 155 is formed in the muffler jacket 3. It can also be seen in FIG. 5 that a group of several chambers 155 is formed between the inner wall 153 and the outer wall 151.
  • the chambers 155 are evenly distributed in the longitudinal direction of the components, ie in the direction of the axis of the soul.
  • the chambers 155 are arranged in a completely circumferential manner in the muffler jacket 3, there are twelve chambers 155 which are arranged equidistantly from one another at a distance and are distributed in the direction of the core axis.
  • the chambers 155 are alternatively or additionally distributed transversely to the direction of the core axis.
  • the group of several chambers 155 forms a honeycomb structure, so that there are a large number of chambers 155 of identical dimensions, of which only twenty-four can be seen in a sectional view in FIG. 5.
  • the plurality of chambers 155 can be separated from one another, for example, by means of, in particular, thin-walled intermediate walls 157, two adjacent chambers 155 having a common intermediate wall 157 which extends in particular from the inner wall 153 to the outer wall 151 and / or connects the inner wall 153 and the outer wall 151 to one another.
  • the chambers 155 can be realized as closed, gas-tight vacuum chambers 155.
  • the vacuum chambers 150 are hermetically sealed, in particular sealed.
  • the chambers 155 have an advantageous effect on the thermal insulation and the sound insulation.
  • the chambers 155 reduce the negative effect of the heat flickering, which occurs particularly in the case of permanent bombardment.
  • the additive manufacturing method also according to the invention, it is possible to produce application-specific or component-individualized geometry, such as shock absorber structures 1, from the point of view of minimizing the heat flicker.
  • the chambers 155 are to be dimensioned depending on the application or the specific component and / or arranged in the component.
  • At least two adjacent vacuum chambers 155 of the group of a plurality of vacuum chambers 150 are connected to one another such that a gas and / or metal powder exchange can take place between the two adjacent vacuum chambers 155.
  • the inner wall 153 and the outer wall 151 are in particular made of one piece additively. For example, selective laser beam welding or selective electron beam welding can be used as manufacturing processes.
  • the inner wall 153 and the outer wall 151, including the at least one chamber 155 and the intermediate walls 157, are produced in layers from metal powder grains, which preferably comprise titanium aluminide and / or nickel-based alloys.
  • a baffle in particular the inner casing section 81 of the baffle 19, 29, 31, 33, 35, 37, 39, extends further in the direction of the core axis S than the core axis S Partition wall, in particular the inner jacket section 83 of the partition wall 41, 43, 45, 47, 49.
  • combustion gas and / or gas pressure flowing in the projectile flight direction G can be deflected into the flow-guiding chambers 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17 when firing, are directed in particular in the direction of the baffle walls 19, 29, 31, 33, 35, 37, 39, which in particular increases the effectiveness of the respective functional surfaces and thus the firearm component, such as the silencer 1.
  • undercuts are formed by the inner jacket sections 81, 83.
  • the undercuts are formed in the flow guide chambers 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17.
  • Undercuts preferably extend transversely to the core axis between the inner shell sections 81, 83 and the muffler shell 3 and are delimited in particular by the end walls in the core axis direction.
  • the annular flow guiding chambers 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17 are preferably manufactured by means of additive manufacturing. This allows undercuts, such as the ring-shaped ones
  • Flow guiding chambers 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17 are executed, also in the case of components made from one piece, such as silencers 1, silencer inner parts 61 or silencer sleeves 3.
  • the flow guiding chambers 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17 transverse to the core axis S can be partially connected by connecting struts 71, 73, 75
  • the connecting piece 27 has a connecting section 87, essentially designed as a bore, for connecting the muffler 1, the muffler inner part 61 or the muffler casing 3 to a firearm or a muzzle brake.
  • the connection piece 27 has a reinforcing structure 89 to increase the stability of the connection to the firearm or the muzzle brake (FIG. 2).
  • the reinforcing structure 89 can, as shown for example in FIGS.
  • reinforcing strut 89 which extends in particular from the connecting section 87 transversely to the core axis S, in particular radially, away from the core axis S.
  • the plurality of reinforcing struts 89 can open into an outer jacket 91 of the connecting piece 27 transversely to the core axis S.
  • the front entrance wall 23 of the muffler can connect to the outer jacket 91 of the connecting piece 27.
  • the end entry wall 23 can be divided into an outer end section 23 'and an inner end section 23 ", wherein the outer end section 23' and the inner end section 23" can be offset from one another in the direction of the core axis.
  • the inner end section 23 ′′ of the end entry wall 23 can be offset in the projectile flight direction G, so that an in particular annular gap is formed between the outer casing 91 of the connecting piece 27 and the muffler casing 3.
  • the end entry wall 23 can also extend, as shown for example in FIG. 5, exclusively within the outer casing 91 of the connecting piece 27.
  • the plurality of reinforcing struts 89 can in particular delimit chambers 93 in the form of ring sections, which are arranged in particular in the circumferential direction U about the axis S of the soul.
  • the chambers 93 can be delimited on one side by the end entry wall 23 in the direction of the axis of the soul.
  • the chambers 93 can either be open in the recoil direction R, as shown for example in FIG. 2, or open in the projectile flight direction G, as shown for example in FIG. 5, the chamber 93 in particular being closed to the other direction R, G.
  • FIG. 7 shows a silencer jacket 3 with an end outlet wall 19.
  • the projectile exit opening 21 is introduced in the front exit wall 19.
  • the projectile exit opening 21 is formed offset in the recoil direction R to an annular section 20 of the end exit wall 19 which extends orthogonally to the core axis S.
  • a funnel-shaped section 22 extends from the ring section 20 of the front exit wall 19 to the projectile exit opening 21, which tapers in the recoil direction R.
  • a funnel-shaped section 24 extends in the recoil direction R to the muffler jacket 3 and merges into it.
  • the funnel-shaped section 24 on the outside tapers in the projectile flight direction G.
  • the muffler jacket 3 On the side of the muffler jacket 3 facing the firearm, the muffler jacket 3 has a connecting section 77 for connection to an internal muffler part 61.
  • FIG. 8 shows a schematic illustration of an additive manufacturing process. This shows a construction platform 95 that has already been reduced by several layer thicknesses in the direction of construction A along a shaft 97 provided for this purpose.
  • the building direction A is defined by the direction in which the building platform 95 is lowered when building components in layers and in which the component to be manufactured is built or manufactured in layers. The method is explained below using the example of a selective electron beam welding method.
  • a layer of powder grains, for example of approximately 4 cm, and a carrier plate in the form of a substrate plate 99, on which the component is to be generated, can be placed on the construction platform 95.
  • the construction space (not shown), which is sealed off from the environment and surrounds the construction platform 95 and the shaft 97, can be subjected to a suppression of, for example, between 10 * 10 3 mbar and 5 * 1 6 mbar.
  • a beam gun (not shown) that generates the electron beam can be put into an operating state.
  • the pressure in the installation space can be increased to a specific, user-defined value greater than 5 * io -6 mbar and in particular less than 10 * io -3 by admitting small quantities of noble gas mbar.
  • the substrate plate 99 can be preheated using a focused electron beam.
  • a powder bed surrounding the substrate plate 99 can be warmed up by heat radiated from the substrate plate 99 in such a way that it reaches a certain degree of sintering and thereby stabilizes the substrate plate 99 in the powder bed.
  • the present powder grains in particular increase the electrical conductivity of the powder grains, which, for example, reduces static charge.
  • the building platform 95 can be reduced by a set layer thickness in a subsequent, sixth step.
  • a layer of powder grains can be applied to the substrate plate 99, in particular via a slide that runs perpendicular to the direction of construction A.
  • the powder grains can be preheated, in particular pre-sintered, in particular with a focused electron beam.
  • the metal powder grains can be irradiated to form a predetermined geometry of the component / component to be manufactured in accordance with a contour of the component / component in order to at least partially melt the powder grains.
  • the at least partially melted powder grains can be reheated with an in particular defocused electron beam. This step can be necessary in particular if the energy applied during the at least partial melting of the metal powder is not sufficient to keep the powder bed at a predetermined temperature.
  • steps two to nine in particular can be repeated until in particular the last layer of the component / component has at least partially melted and / or has been reheated.
  • the last layer is the layer that is necessary to complete the component in the direction of assembly.
  • the installation space and / or the component temperature can be cooled, in particular while maintaining a negative pressure, in particular slowly cooled down to approximately 300 ° C.
  • a protective gas can in particular be supplied to the installation space in order to achieve a faster cooling of the installation space and / or the component.
  • the pressure in the installation space can be adapted to the ambient pressure, in particular 1 bar, for example by opening a door that separates the installation space from the surroundings.
  • the entire building platform 99 optionally with substrate 95, with component and powder grains adhering to the component and substrate 95, in particular sintered powder, can be removed.
  • the component can be removed from the substrate and the powder grains adhering to the component be, for example by means of an air jet, such as compressed air, or by means of a sand jet.
  • so-called “supports” that may be necessary for the construction can be removed, which may be necessary depending on the shape of the desired component.
  • FIG. 8 shows a point in time of an additive manufacturing process at which several layers of a component have already been applied and fused.
  • An exemplary component is an internal shock absorber part 6i with a plurality of adjoining end walls in the form of conical funnel sections 101 tapering in the opposite direction to the mounting direction A.
  • Two funnel sections 101 have already been generated at the time of manufacture shown and are connected to one another via a perforated disk-shaped partition wall 103.
  • a further perforated disk-shaped partition wall 103 is formed on the substrate plate, which can represent, for example, an end entry wall 23.
  • surfaces that extend at a 90 ° angle to the mounting direction A of the additive process for example in selective laser beam welding and in selective electron beam welding, have a smaller roughness depth than surfaces that extend parallel to the mounting direction A.
  • the roughness of the surfaces increases as the angle decreases to the mounting direction A up to surfaces that extend parallel to the mounting direction A.
  • the inner axis S of the muffler inner part 61 extends parallel to the mounting direction A in FIG. 8.
  • the surfaces of the muffler inner part 61 surrounded by powder grains can form functional surfaces exposed to combustion gases and / or gas pressure during firing in particular in a muffler for sound absorption, sound absorption and / or heat absorption.
  • the end walls in the form of funnel sections 101 extend at substantially a 45 0 to the bore axis P. Compared with the structure of the direction A, they are in this case likewise inclined at 45 0, so that the surface roughness compared with an alternative 90 0 - alignment with the build direction A magnified and is reduced compared to an o ° orientation to the mounting direction A.
  • the end wall in the form of a perforated disk-shaped partition wall 103 extends essentially at a 90 ° angle to the core axis S and to the direction of assembly A.
  • the lateral surfaces 105 of the perforated disk-shaped partition 103 extend essentially parallel to the mounting direction A and to the core axis S. Accordingly, the lateral surfaces 105 of the perforated disk-shaped partition wall in particular become Assume the greatest possible roughness due to the process. At this point, it should be clear that the process-related largest or smallest roughness depth does not mean the largest or smallest possible roughness depth that can be achieved by adapting various process parameters, but rather the greatest possible or smallest possible influence that the alignment of a surface with direction of construction A has on the Surface roughness with constant process parameters.
  • the sound damping capacity and / or recoil damping capacity can be determined by orienting the assembly direction A in relation to the component longitudinal direction how to adjust the soul axis direction.
  • FIG. 9 shows a schematic representation of a surface 106 manufactured using an additive manufacturing method
  • FIG. 10 shows a schematic representation of a surface 108 manufactured using a casting method for comparison.
  • the surface 106 on the surface 108 which has no undercuts, can be comparable Roughness depth can be measured.
  • the different surface effectiveness in particular the different surface size, cannot necessarily be detected since, for example, a light cone projected onto the surface likewise does not necessarily detect the undercuts 109 of the additively manufactured surface 106.
  • undercuts can arise in particular in the production of functional surfaces from powder grains 111. This happens especially when a surface is not completely melted.
  • the alignment of the surfaces explained in connection with FIG. 8 relative to the direction of construction A has an effect on the amount of unmelted powder grains 111 and thus on the effective surface.
  • Another factor influencing the effective surface is the diameter of the non-melted powder grains 111, which in particular is an undercut volume influenced, which can also have a direct impact on sound absorption, sound absorption, recoil damping and / or heat absorption.
  • the component is a barrel 159 of a firearm (not shown).
  • FIGS. 11 to 14 are intended to illustrate a further example of a component with chambers 155, in particular vacuum chambers 155, for sound insulation and thermal insulation / insulation, similar or identical components being provided with similar or identical reference numerals.
  • a barrel is generally the barrel of a firearm, which is used to guide the projectile and to hold the propellant charge or the cartridge. It can be seen in particular in FIG. 13 and FIG. 14 that the barrel 159 is an elongated, essentially cylindrical hollow body with a barrel bore 161 extending along the complete longitudinal extent of the barrel 159. Referring to FIG.
  • the barrel 159 has a plurality of trains 163 on the inside. Trains are the preferably helical grooves formed in the barrel of firearms, which give the projectile a twist and thereby stabilize the projectile trajectory. It can be seen that the trains are formed on the inner wall 153, which delimits the barrel bore 161 transversely to the longitudinal extension / core axis S of the barrel 159, of the barrel 159.
  • FIG. 12 shows a sectional view in the direction of the axis of the soul S.
  • a group of several can be formed 155.
  • three chambers 155 which are arranged in a circle and extend around the core axis S and are spaced apart, are provided as an example.
  • the intermediate walls 157 resulting between two adjacent ones 155 can connect the outer wall 151 to the inner wall 153.
  • a radial dimension, in a transverse direction transverse to the direction of the soul axis, is approximately 1/3 to 1/4 of a wall thickness of the barrel 159, the wall thickness being the relevant distance between outer wall 151 and inner wall 153 is to be understood.
  • FIG. 13 shows a cross-sectional view in the transverse direction transverse to the core axis direction.
  • Two elongated chambers 155 arranged at a distance from one another can be seen as an example.
  • the jacket 159 is made from one piece, preferably additively.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un composant (1) pour une arme à feu, en particulier une arme à feu portative, tel que carcasse, chambre à cartouches, chargeur, crosse, canon, silencieux et/ou fût, ledit composant comprenant une paroi extérieure (151) tournée vers la face extérieure de l'arme à feu et une paroi intérieure (153) située à l'opposé de la face extérieure, au moins une chambre de dépression (155) fermée, étanche aux gaz, étant formée entre la paroi extérieure et la paroi intérieure.
PCT/EP2020/051415 2019-01-21 2020-01-21 Composant pour une arme à feu, arme à feu et procédé de fabrication d'un composant pour une arme à feu WO2020152169A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

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EP20701577.7A EP3914873A1 (fr) 2019-01-21 2020-01-21 Composant pour une arme à feu, arme à feu et procédé de fabrication d'un composant pour une arme à feu

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE102019101432.8A DE102019101432A1 (de) 2019-01-21 2019-01-21 Komponente für eine Schusswaffe, Schusswaffe und Fertigungsverfahren für eine Komponente für eine Schusswaffe
DE102019101432.8 2019-01-21

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WO2020152169A1 true WO2020152169A1 (fr) 2020-07-30

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US20170261280A1 (en) * 2016-03-10 2017-09-14 Sapphire Defense Group LLC Enhanced metal-metal-matrix composite weapon barrels and ways of making the same
WO2018090058A1 (fr) * 2016-11-14 2018-05-17 Spectre Enterprises, Inc. Silencieux
CN109202080A (zh) * 2018-10-17 2019-01-15 浙江海洋大学 一种激光选区熔化制备TiAl合金结构件的方法
US20190063860A1 (en) * 2017-08-22 2019-02-28 Incodema3D, LLC Sound suppressor for a firearm

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US2801416A (en) * 1952-08-07 1957-08-06 Remington Arms Co Inc Means for controlling the velocity of projectiles
US7775148B1 (en) * 2005-01-10 2010-08-17 Mcdermott Patrick P Multivalve hypervelocity launcher (MHL)
US8286750B1 (en) * 2010-02-11 2012-10-16 O.S.S. Holdings, LLC Energy capture and control device
RU2437048C1 (ru) * 2010-06-22 2011-12-20 Евгений Валерьевич Соловцов Глушитель
US10254068B2 (en) 2015-12-07 2019-04-09 Praxis Powder Technology, Inc. Baffles, suppressors, and powder forming methods
US10480886B2 (en) * 2017-01-20 2019-11-19 Gladius Suppressor Company, LLC Suppressor design

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US20160273079A1 (en) * 2013-11-04 2016-09-22 United Technologies Corporation Method for preparation of a superalloy having a crystallographic texture controlled microstructure by electron beam melting
US20170261280A1 (en) * 2016-03-10 2017-09-14 Sapphire Defense Group LLC Enhanced metal-metal-matrix composite weapon barrels and ways of making the same
WO2018090058A1 (fr) * 2016-11-14 2018-05-17 Spectre Enterprises, Inc. Silencieux
US20190063860A1 (en) * 2017-08-22 2019-02-28 Incodema3D, LLC Sound suppressor for a firearm
CN109202080A (zh) * 2018-10-17 2019-01-15 浙江海洋大学 一种激光选区熔化制备TiAl合金结构件的方法

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