WO2020151368A1 - 全自动微生物鉴定及药敏分析系统 - Google Patents

全自动微生物鉴定及药敏分析系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020151368A1
WO2020151368A1 PCT/CN2019/121894 CN2019121894W WO2020151368A1 WO 2020151368 A1 WO2020151368 A1 WO 2020151368A1 CN 2019121894 W CN2019121894 W CN 2019121894W WO 2020151368 A1 WO2020151368 A1 WO 2020151368A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sample
plate
incubation
unit
microplate
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/121894
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
郑业焕
徐真
余峰
刘聪
吉鸿超
段力争
伊首璞
吴小瑞
Original Assignee
安图实验仪器(郑州)有限公司
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Publication date
Application filed by 安图实验仪器(郑州)有限公司 filed Critical 安图实验仪器(郑州)有限公司
Priority to EP19910925.7A priority Critical patent/EP3916077A4/en
Publication of WO2020151368A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020151368A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N35/00—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor
    • G01N35/02—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor using a plurality of sample containers moved by a conveyor system past one or more treatment or analysis stations
    • G01N35/04—Details of the conveyor system
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N35/00—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor
    • G01N35/00584—Control arrangements for automatic analysers
    • G01N35/00722—Communications; Identification
    • G01N35/00732—Identification of carriers, materials or components in automatic analysers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N35/00—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor
    • G01N2035/00346—Heating or cooling arrangements
    • G01N2035/00356—Holding samples at elevated temperature (incubation)
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N35/00—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor
    • G01N35/00584—Control arrangements for automatic analysers
    • G01N35/00722—Communications; Identification
    • G01N35/00732—Identification of carriers, materials or components in automatic analysers
    • G01N2035/00742—Type of codes
    • G01N2035/00752—Type of codes bar codes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N35/00—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor
    • G01N35/02—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor using a plurality of sample containers moved by a conveyor system past one or more treatment or analysis stations
    • G01N35/04—Details of the conveyor system
    • G01N2035/0401—Sample carriers, cuvettes or reaction vessels
    • G01N2035/0418—Plate elements with several rows of samples
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N35/00—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor
    • G01N35/02—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor using a plurality of sample containers moved by a conveyor system past one or more treatment or analysis stations
    • G01N35/04—Details of the conveyor system
    • G01N2035/0439—Rotary sample carriers, i.e. carousels
    • G01N2035/0441—Rotary sample carriers, i.e. carousels for samples
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N35/00—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor
    • G01N35/02—Automatic analysis not limited to methods or materials provided for in any single one of groups G01N1/00 - G01N33/00; Handling materials therefor using a plurality of sample containers moved by a conveyor system past one or more treatment or analysis stations
    • G01N35/04—Details of the conveyor system
    • G01N2035/0474—Details of actuating means for conveyors or pipettes
    • G01N2035/0482—Transmission
    • G01N2035/0484—Belt or chain

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of microbial detection, in particular to a fully automatic microbial identification and drug sensitivity analysis system.
  • Antibacterial drugs are the most commonly used drugs in clinical practice. They are effective in treating bacterial infections and bacterial infections and are widely used by doctors. However, in recent years, the abuse of antibiotics is very common, which not only reduces the efficacy, but also has large toxic and side effects of drug susceptibility, which accelerates the resistance of bacteria, which will cause the patient to lose the opportunity for treatment and rescue, and bring harm to the patient’s health and life. . Because the temperature, humidity and other environmental requirements required for the cultivation of various bacteria and microorganisms are not the same, it is often necessary to create the required environment artificially during the cultivation of molecular biology and bacteria. Once there are many types of bacteria and microorganisms that need to be cultivated, it is easy to cause The workload of the medical staff increases and is likely to cause operational errors, which brings great inconvenience to the medical staff.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a fully automatic microorganism identification and drug sensitivity analysis system with simple operation and large sample processing volume.
  • the present invention may adopt the following technical solutions:
  • the automatic microbial identification and drug sensitivity analysis system of the present invention includes a complete machine shell, and a sample adding unit, a sample identification and recording unit, a carrier unit, an incubation unit, Detection unit and board transfer unit;
  • the sample adding unit automatically completes the loading and unloading of the gun head, the gun body suction and the board card sample loading;
  • the sample identification and recording unit is located at one side of the sample addition unit, and scans, records, and automatically selects sample bottles containing samples;
  • the carrier unit is located on the other side of the sample adding unit, and is used for loading and scanning recording boards;
  • the incubation unit incubates the plate card after sample addition
  • the detection unit performs identification and drug sensitivity detection on the plate after the incubation
  • the board card transfer unit serves as a connecting mechanism between the carrier board unit, the sample adding unit and the incubation unit, and transfers the board card from the carrier unit to the sample adding unit, and then transfers and pushes the board from the sample adding unit to the incubating unit.
  • the sample adding unit includes a support frame installed in the housing of the complete machine, and a back plate fixed longitudinally between the two uprights on the rear side of the support frame; An X-axis synchronous belt transmission mechanism driven by an X-axis motor.
  • the synchronous belt of the X-axis synchronous belt transmission mechanism is fixedly connected with a cantilever extending horizontally forward, and a Y-axis motor is horizontally arranged on the cantilever.
  • the synchronous belt of the Y-axis synchronous belt transmission mechanism is fixedly connected with a sample application arm extending vertically downward, and a Z-axis motor driven by a Z-axis motor is longitudinally arranged on the sample application arm.
  • Axis timing belt transmission mechanism the timing belt of the Z-axis timing belt transmission mechanism is fixedly connected with a sample application gun with a liquid suction port vertically downward; a micro-orifice plate supporting device is provided under the movement track of the sample application arm And the tip loading and unloading device.
  • the sample application gun includes a suction pump motor fixed on the timing belt of the Z-axis timing belt transmission mechanism, the working shaft of the suction pump motor is vertically downward, and the lower end is fixedly connected with a coupling Synchronously rotating transmission screw rod, the transmission screw rod is provided with a screw nut that moves up and down along its length, and a housing connected to the suction pump motor is vertically arranged below the transmission screw rod
  • the piston-type suction pump gun is fixedly connected, the upper piston rod of the piston-type suction pump gun is fixedly connected with the screw nut, and the lower end of the suction port is movably clamped in the gun head containing box Disposable pipette tip;
  • the microporous plate supporting device includes a supporting base, on which a rotating spindle driven by a substrate drive motor is vertically pierced, and the upper end of the rotating spindle is aligned with the center of the bottom surface of the horizontal supporting substrate.
  • Fixed connection two sets of microplate supporting components are fixed side by side on the supporting substrate, and each set of the microplate supporting components includes a set of microplate brackets and a set of plate cover fixing racks, The height of the plate cover fixing frame is higher than the height of the microplate bracket, and the microplate brackets and the plate cover fixing frames on the two sets of microplate supporting components are arranged alternately;
  • the gun tip loading and unloading device includes a gun tip waste bin arranged on the front side of the micro-orifice plate supporting device.
  • a gun head drop opening is opened on the top wall of the gun head waste bin, and a support table with a gun head containing box on the upper surface is arranged above the gun head drop opening.
  • the upper opening is provided with a gourd-shaped gun head removal opening corresponding to the gun head dropping opening.
  • the sample identification and recording unit includes a sample support seat arranged under the movement track of the sample application arm, and a sample tray rotating shaft driven by a motor of the identification and recording unit is vertically penetrated on the sample support seat, and the sample tray rotates
  • a sample bottle tray connecting plate is horizontally fixedly connected to the upper end of the shaft.
  • a ring tray is movably placed on the sample bottle tray connecting plate.
  • a number of card slots for inserting sample bottles are evenly distributed on the ring tray along the circumferential direction.
  • the product bar code and the patient information bar code are respectively pasted on the inner and outer side walls; the sample support seats on the inner and outer sides of the circular tray are respectively fixed with the product bar code and patient information bar code positions on the same sample bottle Corresponding barcode scanner; a ring code disc is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the sample bottle tray connecting plate, and a code disc origin position sensor and a code disc are provided on the sample support seat on one side of the ring code disc Index position sensor.
  • the carrier unit includes a fixed base provided on one side of the microplate supporting device, and a board release mechanism is fixedly connected to the fixed base through a pair of longitudinal support plates arranged at intervals;
  • the board card release mechanism includes a bottom cover fixed horizontally on the two vertical support plates, and a board card release port is opened on the bottom cover.
  • the upper edge of the board card release port is fixed to the bottom by
  • the guide pin on the cover is movably clamped with an opening and closing plate with a rectangular ring structure; the opening and closing plate is formed by butting a pair of U-shaped thin plates that move toward each other.
  • the butt joints of the two U-shaped thin plates are connected as a whole through a rotating sleeve.
  • Two U-shaped thin plates are provided with a set of symmetrical claws on opposite sides of the bottom wall thin plates.
  • One of the U-shaped thin plates is provided with a return spring whose outer end is connected to the bottom cover.
  • the extension direction of the return spring is The opening and closing directions of the U-shaped thin plate are the same; a board release motor is fixed on the lower surface of the bottom cover, and a board release screw is coaxially fixed on the working shaft of the board release motor, so The axial direction of the board card release screw is consistent with the opening and closing directions of the two U-shaped thin plates.
  • the board release screw is provided with a nut seat that drives the two U-shaped thin plates to open and close, and the board card release motor is arranged at intervals There is a pair of stroke position sensors for monitoring the movement stroke of the nut seat; above the two U-shaped thin plates, there is a connection base fixedly connected to the bottom cover, and the connection base is provided with The board card drop port with the same board card release port is provided with a U-shaped through slot corresponding to the position of the information barcode on the microporous plate at one side of the board card drop port;
  • the board card release mechanism is provided with a board card stacking mechanism.
  • the board card stacking mechanism includes a retaining column vertically fixed at the four corners of the board card drop opening, and the upper end of the retaining column is connected by connecting the top plate.
  • a board card stacking compartment adapted to the microplate is formed, and a magnetic suction door with a handle is hinged on one side of the board card stacking compartment, which is attracted to the magnetic suction door
  • a Hall sensor is installed on the blocking column.
  • the incubation unit includes an incubation box arranged on one side of the sample adding unit, an incubation base is arranged in the incubation box, and a thin-walled bearing is horizontally arranged on the upper surface of the incubation base.
  • the ring is fixedly connected to the incubation base, and the outer ring is fixedly sleeved with a driven pulley driven by an incubation motor.
  • the upper surface of the driven pulley is fixedly connected to a coaxially arranged horizontal incubation plate, and the horizontal incubation
  • a plurality of groups of incubation towers with openings facing outward are uniformly distributed on the plate along the circumferential direction, and several layers of microplate clamping slots are arranged longitudinally in the incubation tower, and each group of incubation towers are fixed on the upper surface of the horizontal incubation plate by pins;
  • the side wall of the incubator is provided with a plate inlet and a plate outlet, the plate inlet is composed of a plurality of plate inlet holes opened longitudinally, and the plate door holes and the microplate card slots are one by one
  • a sliding door is hinged on the entrance door hole through an automatic rebound hinge;
  • the exit plate opening is in sealed communication with the front side wall of the complete machine housing, and the size of the exit plate opening is the same as the outside of a set of incubation towers
  • the size of the opening is adapted, and an incubation box door is hinged on the front side wall of the complete machine housing corresponding to the plate exit;
  • a heating fan with heating wire is provided on the top wall of the incubation box, and the incubation box
  • a temperature sensor is arranged inside, and an incubation information display screen is arranged on the front side wall of the complete machine housing under the incubator door.
  • a transmission is arranged on the incubation base, the transmission is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the incubation base through a fixing plate, the output end of the transmission extends vertically upward to above the incubation base, and an active pulley is arranged on the transmission.
  • the drive belt is connected to the driven pulley in transmission, and the input end of the transmission is connected in transmission to the incubation motor through a synchronous transmission mechanism; the exit edge corresponding to the door opening side of the incubation box is provided with A number of incubation information indicator lights, and the incubation information indicator lights correspond one-to-one with a set of microplate slot on the incubation tower.
  • the detection unit includes a detection base set at the center of the inner side of the incubation tower, a first guide rail is longitudinally provided on the detection base, and the first guide rail is slidably provided with information for driving up and down by a first power mechanism A collection mechanism, a counterweight mechanism is provided on the detection base to prevent the information collection mechanism from falling;
  • the information collection mechanism includes a horizontal lifting frame slidably arranged on the first guide rail, a second guide rail is horizontally arranged in the horizontal lifting frame close to the long side wall, and a second guide rail is slidably arranged on the second guide rail.
  • a sliding block driven by two power mechanisms one side of the sliding block is horizontally fixedly connected with a tray connecting block, and a detection tray is fixedly connected to the side of the tray connecting block away from the sliding block, and the detection tray is raised and lowered from the horizontal
  • the tray entrance and exit opening on the side wall of the short side of the frame pass through; the lower edge of the tray entrance and exit is provided with an optical fiber fixing block, and an LED lamp is provided at the bottom of the horizontal lifting frame.
  • the light is irradiated on the detection tray by the optical fiber through the optical fiber fixing block, and a photoelectric signal conversion module is covered on the top of the horizontal lifting frame.
  • the counterweight mechanism includes a gate-shaped frame longitudinally placed on the detection base, the first guide rail and the information acquisition mechanism are located inside the gate-shaped frame, and a third longitudinally arranged on the detection base behind the gate-shaped frame A guide rail, a hanging shaft located above the photoelectric signal conversion module is installed on the horizontal lifting frame, the hanging shaft is arranged horizontally along the width direction of the gate-shaped frame, and a steel cable fixed on the hanging shaft at one end bypasses the door
  • the fixed pulley on the top of the font frame is fixedly connected with a counterweight slidably arranged on the third guide rail.
  • the board card transfer unit includes a longitudinal base plate that is attached and fixed on the front side of the backplane, and a transverse drive belt driven by a transverse drive motor is horizontally arranged on the front side of the longitudinal base plate.
  • a number of arm plate position sensors are arranged on the base plate at intervals along its length direction, the conveying end of the horizontal drive belt is adapted to correspond to the plate inlet of the incubator, and the longitudinal arm plate is fixed on the horizontal drive belt;
  • a longitudinal drive motor is provided at one end of the longitudinal arm plate.
  • the end of the working shaft of the longitudinal drive motor is connected to a synchronously rotating screw located on the front side of the longitudinal arm plate through a coupling.
  • the longitudinal arm plate is consistent with the longitudinal direction of the longitudinal arm plate.
  • the synchronously rotating lead screw is provided with a screw nut that slides up and down, and the longitudinal arm plate is provided with a height positioning plate that is consistent with the longitudinal direction of the synchronously rotating lead screw.
  • the screw nut is provided with a microplate transfer bearing bracket and a nut position sensor adapted to the height positioning plate;
  • the microplate transfer support bracket includes a board card transfer cantilever that is fixedly connected to the screw nut and extends horizontally forward, and the board card transfer cantilever is horizontally fixed to the board
  • the board card transfer bracket matched with the door hole is provided with a bracket position sensor on the side of the board card transfer bracket.
  • the invention has the advantages of simple and convenient operation, large sample processing volume and high degree of automation.
  • the overall modular design is adopted
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a top view of Fig. 1 (with the complete machine housing hidden).
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of Figure 1 concealing the housing and incubator.
  • Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 are schematic diagrams of the structure of the sample adding unit in Fig. 1.
  • Figure 6 is an enlarged view of the sample adding gun in the sample adding unit in Figure 1.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the microplate supporting device in Fig. 1.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sample identification recording unit in FIG. 1.
  • Fig. 9 is a perspective view of Fig. 8.
  • Fig. 10 is an exploded structural diagram of the carrier unit in Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 11 is an enlarged view of the board release mechanism in Fig. 10.
  • Fig. 12 is an enlarged view of the microplate in Fig. 10.
  • Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the incubation unit in Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 14 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the hidden incubator in Fig. 13.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the detection unit in FIG. 1.
  • Fig. 16 is a perspective view of Fig. 15.
  • Fig. 17 is a schematic structural diagram of the information collection mechanism in Fig. 15 (with the second power mechanism hidden).
  • Fig. 18 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the board card transfer unit in Fig. 1.
  • Figure 19 is an enlarged view of the microplate transfer support bracket in Figure 18 (with the microplate hidden).
  • the fully automatic microbial identification and drug sensitivity analysis system of the present invention includes a complete machine housing 1.
  • the internal cavity of the complete machine housing 1 is provided with a sample adding unit 2 and a sample identification record Unit 3, carrier unit 4, incubation unit 5, detection unit 6, and board transfer unit 7; sample addition unit 2, sample identification and recording unit 3, carrier unit 4, incubation unit 5, detection unit 6, and board transfer unit 7 are controlled by PLC controller.
  • the sample adding unit 2 can automatically complete the loading and unloading of the gun head, gun body suction and board card sample loading; as shown in Figures 4 and 5, the sample adding unit 2 includes a support frame 201 installed in the housing 1 of the complete machine, and a support frame 201 It is composed of four longitudinal uprights fixed on the inner bottom wall of the complete machine casing 1 and a connecting beam fixedly connected to the upper end of the longitudinal uprights.
  • a back plate 202 is longitudinally fixed between the two uprights on the rear side of the support frame 201;
  • An X-axis synchronous belt transmission mechanism 204 driven by an X-axis motor 203 is horizontally arranged on the rear side of the board 202.
  • the timing belt of the X-axis synchronous belt transmission mechanism 204 is fixedly connected to the top of the back plate 202 and extends horizontally forward.
  • the cantilever arm 205 is horizontally arranged on the cantilever arm 205 with a Y-axis synchronous belt transmission mechanism 207 driven by a Y-axis motor 206.
  • the synchronous belt of the Y-axis synchronous belt transmission mechanism 207 is fixedly connected with a vertical downward extension.
  • the sample arm 208 is longitudinally provided with a Z-axis synchronous belt transmission mechanism 210 driven by a Z-axis motor 209.
  • the synchronous belt of the Z-axis synchronous belt transmission mechanism 210 is fixedly connected with a suction port vertically downward.
  • a microplate supporting device and a gun head loading and unloading device are arranged under the movement track of the sample loading arm 208.
  • the cantilever arm 205 moves back and forth along the X-axis direction of the support frame 201 under the drive of the X-axis timing belt transmission mechanism 204, and the sample application arm 208 moves back and forth along the Y-axis direction of the support frame 201 under the drive of the Y-axis timing belt transmission mechanism 207 Movement, the sample gun is driven by the Z-axis timing belt transmission mechanism 210 to move back and forth along the Z axis direction of the support frame 201, thereby realizing the movement of the sample gun in any direction.
  • an X-axis guide rail 211 that is consistent with the length of the X-axis timing belt transmission mechanism 204 is provided on the back plate 202.
  • the length of the X-axis guide rail 211 is the same as that of the X-axis.
  • the length of the timing belt transmission mechanism 204 is adapted, and the cantilever arm 205 is fixedly connected with the X-axis slider 212 that is slidably mounted on the X-axis guide rail 211 to form the X-axis guide rail 211 while stabilizing the cantilever arm 205.
  • the movement of the cantilever arm 205 plays a guiding role; in addition, since the extension length of the cantilever arm 205 is longer, in order to avoid the tip of the cantilever arm 205 from falling, the height of the cantilever arm 205 is set to the connecting beam of the support frame 201 The height is the same, and a support slide 213 is horizontally opened on the inner surface of the connecting beam on the front side of the support frame 201, and a support slide 214 is provided at the front end of the cantilever arm 205 to slidably cooperate with the support slide 213 to form a pair of cantilever Stable support at the front end of the 205.
  • a Y-axis guide rail 215 that is consistent with the length of the Y-axis timing belt transmission mechanism 207 is provided on the cantilever 205.
  • the length of the synchronous belt drive mechanism 207 is adapted to the length of the sample application arm 208 and the Y-axis slider 216 slidably clamped on the Y-axis guide rail 215 is fixedly connected to form the Y-axis guide rail 215 while stably securing the sample application arm 208 The movement of the sample application arm 208 is guided.
  • a Z-axis guide rail 217 is provided on the sample application arm 208 which is consistent with the length of the Z-axis synchronous belt transmission mechanism 210.
  • the length of the Z-axis guide rail 217 is the same as that of the Z-axis.
  • the length of the timing belt transmission mechanism 210 is adapted, the sample gun is fixedly connected with the Z-axis slider 218 that is slidably clamped on the Z-axis guide 217, forming the Z-axis guide 217 to stably secure the sample gun while simultaneously The up and down movement of the gun plays a guiding role.
  • the sample gun includes a suction pump motor 219 fixed on the timing belt of the Z-axis timing belt transmission mechanism 210.
  • the working shaft of the suction pump motor 219 is vertically downward and passes through a coupling at its lower end.
  • a synchronously rotating transmission screw 220 is fixedly connected.
  • the transmission screw 220 is provided with a screw nut 221 that moves up and down along its length. Under the transmission screw 220, a suction pump motor 219 is arranged vertically downward.
  • the piston type suction pump gun 222 is fixedly connected to the shell of the piston type suction pump gun 222 (the piston type suction pump gun 222 is an existing common automatic liquid filling gun, which can realize accurate sampling and precise sample addition), the piston type suction pump gun 222
  • the upper piston rod is fixedly connected with the screw nut 221, and the drive screw 220 is driven to rotate by the suction pump motor 219, so that the screw nut 221 arranged on it moves up and down to realize the piston rod of the piston type suction pump gun 222 Push and pull up and down to complete aspiration or sample addition; on the suction port of the piston suction pump gun 222, a disposable suction nozzle 223 is mounted on the movable card. The disposable suction nozzle 223 can be removed and replaced to effectively avoid crossover Pollution.
  • the microplate supporting device is generally fixed on the inner bottom wall of the complete machine housing 1 at the center of the support frame 201; as shown in FIG. 7, the microplate supporting device includes a supporting base 224, which is perpendicular to the supporting base 224 A rotating main shaft 226 driven by a substrate driving motor 225 is inserted.
  • the substrate driving motor 225 is fixed on the lower surface of the supporting base 224, and the rotating main shaft 226 is driven by a synchronous belt transmission mechanism; the rotating main shaft 226 The upper end is fixedly connected to the center of the bottom surface of the horizontally arranged supporting base plate 227; in order to improve the flexibility and stability of the microplate supporting device during operation, a pair of bearings (preferably deep) are fitted on the rotating spindle 226 near the supporting base 224 Groove bearing), the sleeve tightly fitted with the outer circumferential surface of the bearing is fixedly mounted on the supporting base 224 by bolts, and the rotating main shaft 226 under the bearing is provided with an external thread, and a stop washer and a lock nut are sequentially arranged on it.
  • Two sets of microplate supporting components are fixed side by side on the supporting base plate 227.
  • Each set of microplate supporting components includes a set of microplate brackets 228 and a set of plate cover fixing racks 229, and the plate cover is fastened.
  • the height of the rack 229 is higher than the height of the microplate bracket 228, so it is convenient to first fix the plate cover of the microplate on the higher plate cover fixing frame 229, and then withdraw the microplate downward and place it on On the microplate holder 228; the microplate holder 228 and the plate cover fixing frame 229 on the two sets of microplate supporting components are arranged alternately, so that the sample area has two stations (that is, two microplate holders can be placed).
  • the substrate drive motor 225 drives the supporting substrate 227 to rotate 180°, and the sample can be applied to the microwell plate on the other station, which is effective Save sample time and improve work efficiency.
  • a sample loading origin position sensor 230 and a sample loading indexing position sensor 231 are provided on the upper surface of the supporting base 224, and a sample loading origin position sensor 230 is provided on the lower surface of the supporting substrate 227.
  • the baffle 232 and the indexing position baffle 233 adapted to the sample loading indexing position sensor 231 are matched by the sample loading origin position sensor 230 and the origin position baffle 232, and the sample loading indexing position sensor 231 and the score
  • the position of the stop piece 233 can be used to identify and record the position of the microplate in real time to realize position memory, thereby facilitating automatic sample addition.
  • the gun tip loading and unloading device includes a gun tip waste bin 234 arranged on the front side of the microplate supporting device, and the gun tip waste bin 234 is provided with or drawn out from the front side of the machine housing 1
  • a gun head drop opening 236 is opened on the top wall of the gun head waste bin 234, and an upper surface with a gun is provided above the gun head drop opening 236
  • the supporting table 238 of the head accommodating box 237, a plurality of disposable pipette tips 223 are placed in the pipette head accommodating box 237, and the sample gun is aligned with a disposable pipette tip 223 in the pipette head accommodating box 237 and then downward Movement, the installation of the disposable suction nozzle 223 is completed; the support table 238 is provided with a gourd-shaped nozzle removal port 239 corresponding to the nozzle drop opening 236, which is convenient for removing the used disposable suction nozzle.
  • the sample gun will perform the suction operation after the installation of the disposable suction nozzle 223. Therefore, it is necessary to scan and record the multiple sample bottles containing the sample liquid, and then it can automatically select when the sample liquid is sampled.
  • the corresponding sample bottle, sample identification and recording unit is set up to complete this operation.
  • the sample recognition and recording unit 3 includes a sample support seat 301 arranged below the movement track of the sample application arm 208.
  • the sample support seat 301 is arranged on one side of the pipette tip loading and unloading device, as much as possible Shorten the movement stroke of the sample gun during liquid suction;
  • the sample support base 301 is vertically pierced with a sample tray rotating shaft 303 driven by the recognition and recording unit motor 302.
  • the recognition and recording unit motor 302 is fixed to the sample On the lower surface of the support base 301, the sample tray rotating shaft 303 is also driven by a set of timing belt transmission mechanism.
  • the upper end of the sample tray rotating shaft 303 is horizontally fixed with a sample bottle tray connecting plate 304, in order to ensure the stability during work. Similarly, an external thread is set on the sample tray rotating shaft 303 and the shaft sleeve is screwed.
  • the sample tray rotating shaft 303 at the lower end of the shaft sleeve is sequentially provided with a stop washer and a lock nut to avoid the sample tray rotating shaft 303 after long-term use. Loose off phenomenon.
  • An annular tray 305 is movably placed on the sample bottle tray connecting plate 304.
  • a number of card slots 307 for inserting sample bottles 306 are evenly distributed on the annular tray 305 along the circumferential direction.
  • the product bar codes 308 are respectively pasted on the inner and outer side walls of the sample bottles 306.
  • the patient information barcode 309; the sample support 301 inside and outside the circular tray 305 is respectively fixed with a barcode scanner 310 corresponding to the product factory barcode 308 and the patient information barcode 309 on the same sample bottle 306, two codes
  • the scanner 310 scans the same sample bottle 306 at the same time, the scanning speed is fast, and the work efficiency is greatly improved.
  • a ring code disc 311 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the sample bottle tray connecting plate 304, and the code disc origin position sensor 312 and the code disc indexing position sensor 313 are provided on the sample support seat 301 on the side of the ring code disc 311.
  • the plate origin position sensor 312 and the code plate indexing position sensor 313 are used to identify and record the position of the sample bottle 306 in real time to realize position memory, so that the insertion position of the sample bottle 306 does not need to be considered when placing the sample bottle 306, which is convenient for the operator to place randomly and greatly reduces the operation Difficulty.
  • the carrier unit 4 includes a fixed base 401, on the fixed base 401 through a pair of spaced longitudinal support plates 402 fixedly connected with a card release mechanism; in order to enhance the support ability of the longitudinal support plate 402 , One side of the two vertical support plates 402 are connected as a whole by a reinforcing rib 403 installed on the fixed base 401.
  • the board release mechanism includes a bottom cover 404 fixed horizontally on two vertical support plates 402, and a board release opening 405 is opened on the bottom cover 404.
  • the board release opening 405 is similar to the structure of the existing microplate 406
  • the rectangular structure is slightly larger than the size of the existing microplate 406 to ensure that the microplate 406 can smoothly fall from the card release port; the upper edge of the card release port 405 is guided by a guide fixed on the bottom cover 404
  • the pin 407 is movably clamped with an opening and closing plate with a rectangular ring structure; there are several guide pins 407 along the edge of the release opening 405 of the plate.
  • the opening and closing plate is formed by a pair of U-shaped thin plates 408 that move toward each other, two U-shaped thin plates
  • the butt joint of the 408 is connected as a whole through the rotating sleeve 409, which makes the U-shaped thin plate 408 on one side move, and drives the U-shaped thin plate 408 on the other side to move in the opposite direction, thereby realizing the opening and closing function;
  • a strip hole 410 adapted to the guide pin 407 is opened on the top.
  • the length direction of the strip hole 410 is consistent with the movement direction of the U-shaped thin plate 408.
  • the guide pin 407 is movably clamped in the strip hole 410 to realize the alignment of the guide pin. 407's guiding role.
  • the two U-shaped thin plates 408 are an integrated structure composed of two side wall thin plates and a bottom wall thin plate. On opposite sides of the bottom wall thin plates of the two U-shaped thin plates 408, a set of mutually symmetrical claws 411 are used to fix the micro holes.
  • one of the U-shaped thin plates 408 is provided with a return spring 412 whose outer end is connected to the bottom cover 404, and the extension direction of the return spring 412 is consistent with the opening and closing direction of the U-shaped thin plate 408 to ensure that it is in an open state
  • the two U-shaped thin plates 408 are folded under the action of the return spring 412; a board release motor 413 is fixed on the lower surface of the bottom cover 404, and a board is coaxially fixed on the working shaft of the board release motor 413 Release the screw 414.
  • the axial direction of the board release screw 414 is consistent with the opening and closing directions of the two U-shaped thin plates 408.
  • the board release screw 414 is provided with a nut seat 415 that drives the two U-shaped thin plates 408 to open and close.
  • the board release motor 413 is provided with a pair of stroke position sensors 416 for monitoring the movement stroke of the nut seat 415; the nut seat 415 is connected with the U-shaped thin plate 408 on one side to drive it to complete the opening and closing action, and the two strokes are arranged at intervals
  • the position sensor 416 is used to monitor the position of the nut seat 415 and limit the maximum stroke of the nut seat 415.
  • connection base 417 fixedly connected to the bottom cover 404 is buckled above the two U-shaped thin plates 408.
  • the connection base 417 is provided with a board card drop opening 418 that is consistent with the board card release opening 405.
  • a U-shaped through slot 420 corresponding to the position of the information barcode 419 on the microplate 406 is opened on one side of the 418, which is used to scan the microplate 406 that is about to fall in cooperation with its external scanning mechanism to perform information Store records.
  • the board card release mechanism is provided with a board card stacking mechanism.
  • the board card stacking mechanism includes a retaining column 421 vertically fixed at the four corners of the board falling port 418. The upper end of the retaining column 421 is connected by connecting the top plate 422 to form a whole
  • the board card stacking compartment 423 adapted to the microplate 406 is hinged on one side of the board card stacking compartment 423 with a magnetic attraction door 425 with a handle 424, and a blocking post 421 that is attracted to the magnetic attraction door 425 There is a Hall sensor installed on it.
  • the Hall sensor When the magnetic suction door 425 is not completely closed, the Hall sensor will send out an alarm signal to indicate that the magnetic suction door 425 is not closed; in addition, it is installed longitudinally on the inner side of the magnetic suction door 425
  • the protruding strip 426 with the top fixing microplate 406 can be used to fix the microplate 406 in the board stacking compartment 423 by the protruding strip 426 when the magnetic suction door 425 is closed, so as to prevent it from being in the board stacking compartment 423 Move left and right.
  • the microplate 406 is directly stacked horizontally in the card stacking compartment 423 to adapt to the foolproof function of the microplate 406 (that is, one corner of the microplate 406 is a right angle, and the other triangles are arc corners, generally microplates
  • the inner sides of the two blocking uprights 421 far from the magnetic suction door 425 are arc-shaped structures that match the microplate 406; at the same time, it is located below the magnetic suction door 425
  • the microplate 406 can be manually taken out through the manual grab groove 427; in addition, for convenience and clarity Observe the number of stacked microplates 406.
  • the two plate card quantity indicators 428 are separated by a thickness distance of the microplate 406.
  • microwell plate 406 After the microwell plate 406 has finished adding samples by the sample adding unit 2, it will enter the incubation unit 5 to incubate the plate card after sample loading.
  • the incubation unit 5 includes an incubation box 501 arranged on the side of the sample adding unit 2.
  • An incubation base 502 is arranged in the incubation box 501, and a thin-walled bearing 503 is horizontally arranged on the upper surface of the incubation base 502, The inner ring of the thin-walled bearing 503 is fixedly connected with the incubation base 502, and a driven pulley 505 driven by the incubation motor 504 is fixedly sleeved on the outer ring.
  • the upper surface of the driven pulley 505 is coaxially arranged with a horizontal incubation plate 506 phase is fixed, the horizontal incubation tray 506 has eight groups of incubation towers 507 evenly distributed along the circumferential direction. In the incubation tower 507, there are eight layers of microplate slot 508 arranged longitudinally, and a total of 64 microplate slots 508 can be placed at one time.
  • the orifice plate 406 greatly increases the amount of carrying plate.
  • each group of incubation towers 507 are fixed on the upper surface of the horizontal incubation tray 506 by pins, and a handle 509 is provided on the upper surface of the incubation tower 507 (see FIG. 3).
  • the upper surface of the horizontal incubation plate 506 is provided with a tower corresponding to the incubation tower 507 along the circumferential direction.
  • the scale 510 is provided with a position sensor 511 on the incubation base 502, which is used to record the position information of the rotation of the horizontal incubation plate 506 to ensure the rotation accuracy of the tower.
  • the diameter of the horizontal incubation tray 506 will be relatively large, resulting in a larger outer diameter of the driven pulley 505 that drives it to rotate.
  • a transmission 512 is provided on the incubation base 502, and the incubation motor 504 is drivingly connected to the driven pulley 505 through the transmission 512; specifically, the transmission 512 is through the fixed plate 513 Fixedly connected to the lower surface of the incubation base 502, the output end of the transmission 512 extends vertically upward to above the incubation base 502, and a driving pulley 514 is provided thereon.
  • the driving pulley 514 is drivingly connected to the driven pulley 505 through a transmission belt, and the transmission The input end of 512 is drivingly connected with the incubation motor 504 through a timing belt transmission mechanism.
  • the side wall of the incubator 501 is provided with a plate inlet and a plate outlet 515.
  • the plate inlet is composed of eight plate inlet holes 516 opened longitudinally.
  • the eight entrance door holes 516 correspond to the eight-layer microporous card slot 508, and the push door 518 is hinged on the entrance door hole 516 through the automatic rebound hinge 517;
  • the automatic rebound hinge 517 is a hydraulic hinge ( The full name is a torsion spring hydraulic buffer door closing hinge) or a pneumatic hinge (full name is a pneumatic automatic door closing hinge), to ensure that when the microporous plate 406 exits the station, the push door 518 rebounds and enters the plate door hole 516 is closed to realize automation and reduce the risk of failure caused by unstable factors.
  • the plate outlet 515 is in sealed communication with the front side wall of the complete machine housing 1.
  • the size of the plate outlet 515 is adapted to the size of the outer opening of a set of incubation tower 507, and the complete machine housing corresponding to the plate outlet 515 1
  • An incubation box door 519 is hinged on the front side wall.
  • a ring-shaped sealing strip that fits and fits the edge of the plate outlet 515 is provided on the inner side of the incubation box door 519; in the incubator
  • the door opening side of the warehouse door 519 can also be provided with a magnetic holder that is attracted to the plate outlet 515, and a Hall sensor is arranged on the plate outlet near the magnetic holder.
  • the Hall sensor will send out an alarm signal to indicate that the incubator door 519 is not closed; in addition, there are several incubation information indicator lights 520 on the edge of the plate exit 515 corresponding to the open side of the incubator door 519,
  • the incubation information indicator 520 corresponds to the microplate slot 508 on a set of incubation tower 507.
  • the incubation information indicator 520 can be displayed in different colors through related software, corresponding to the microplate in the incubation tower 507. 406 different incubation information.
  • a heating fan 522 with a heating wire 521 is provided on the top wall of the incubator 501 (see Figure 2), and a temperature sensor is provided in the incubator 501 for real-time monitoring and feedback of temperature information in the incubator 501; located in the incubator
  • An incubation information display screen 523 is provided on the front side wall of the complete machine housing 1 under the door 519, which can display the incubation information at any time, so that it is convenient to grasp the real-time parameters in the incubator 501 at any time; in addition, on the top wall of the incubator 501 A thermometer 524 is provided on the upper seal, and the upper end of the thermometer 524 penetrates from the top wall of the housing 1 of the complete machine to facilitate the operator to intuitively read the temperature information.
  • the board After the board is incubated by the incubation unit 5, it will enter the detection unit 6 for identification and drug sensitivity testing.
  • the detection unit 6 includes a detection base 601 arranged at the center of the inner side of the incubation tower 507.
  • a first guide rail 602 is longitudinally provided on the detection base 601, and a first guide rail 602 is slidably provided on the first guide rail 602.
  • the power mechanism 603 drives an information collection mechanism that lifts and lowers.
  • the first power mechanism 603 is a timing belt transmission mechanism set on the detection base 601.
  • the detection base 601 is provided with a counterweight mechanism to prevent the information collection mechanism from falling to prevent the collection mechanism from suddenly falling. Has a protective effect.
  • the information collection mechanism includes a horizontal lifting frame 604 slidably arranged on the first guide rail 602, a second guide rail 605 is horizontally arranged in the horizontal lifting frame 604 close to the long side wall, and a second power mechanism is slidably arranged on the second guide rail 605.
  • 606-driven slider 607 one side of the slider 607 is horizontally fixedly connected with a tray connecting block 608, and a detection tray 609 is fixedly connected to the side of the tray connecting block 608 away from the slider 607.
  • the detection tray 609 is provided with a micro hole
  • the matching hole 610 on the bottom surface of the plate 406 is used for fixing the microplate 406, and the detection tray 609 passes through the tray inlet and outlet 611 opened on the short side wall of the horizontal lifting frame 604; at the lower opening of the tray inlet and outlet 611
  • An optical fiber fixing block 612 is arranged along the edge, and an LED lamp 613 is arranged at the bottom of the horizontal lifting frame 604. The light emitted by the LED lamp 613 is filtered by a filter and irradiated into the optical fiber fixing block 612 by the optical fiber 614, and then passes through the optical fiber fixing block 612.
  • the emitted light beam is then irradiated on the plate hole of the microplate 406 through the detection tray 609, and finally collected by the photoelectric signal conversion module 615 covering the top of the horizontal lifting frame 604, and the collected attenuated light signal is transmitted to the single-chip microcomputer (ie PLC controller), the drug resistance parameters of the sample are calculated by the single-chip microcomputer, and the information collection and detection are completed.
  • the single-chip microcomputer ie PLC controller
  • the counterweight mechanism includes a gate-shaped frame 616 longitudinally placed on the detection base 601.
  • the first guide rail 602 and the information acquisition mechanism are located inside the gate-shaped frame 616.
  • a third guide rail 617 is longitudinally arranged on the detection base 601 behind the gate-shaped frame 616.
  • a hanging shaft 618 located above the photoelectric signal conversion module 615 is installed on the horizontal lifting frame 604.
  • the hanging shaft 618 is arranged horizontally along the width direction of the door-shaped frame 616, and a steel cable 619 fixed on the hanging shaft 618 at one end bypasses the door-shaped frame
  • the fixed pulley 620 on the top of the 616 is fixedly connected with the counterweight 621 slidably arranged on the third guide rail 617.
  • the lower end of the third guide rail 617 is covered with a shock-absorbing pad 622, which is located under the counterweight 621. Corresponding to its adaptation, it acts as a buffer for the falling of the counterweight 621.
  • a first screw 623 extending vertically upward is fixedly connected to the driven wheel of the first power mechanism 603, and a first screw 623 is provided on the opposite side of the horizontal lifting frame 604 and the tray inlet and outlet 611.
  • the lifting nut seat 624 is connected with the first nut screwed on the first screw 623;
  • the second power mechanism 606 is a synchronous belt transmission mechanism arranged on the horizontal lifting frame 604, and the passive power mechanism of the second power mechanism 606
  • a second screw 625 parallel to the second guide rail 605 is fixedly connected to the wheel.
  • a second nut 626 is screwed on the second screw 625.
  • the slider 607 is a nut slider connected to the second nut 626 and is located on the second screw.
  • a first position sensor 627 is provided on the horizontal lifting frame 604 at the rear end of the 625, and a sensing sheet 628 is provided on the slider 607.
  • the horizontal lifting frame 604 at the front end of the second screw 625 is provided with an L-shaped connecting piece 629 (the connecting piece 629 is a sheet metal piece), and the connecting piece 629 is provided with a second position sensor 630 for sensing whether the tray 609 is
  • the card is equipped with a microplate 406.
  • the board card transfer unit serves as the connecting mechanism between the carrier board unit 4, the sample adding unit 2 and the incubation unit 5, and transfers the board from the carrier board unit 4 to the sample adding unit 2, and will complete it in the sample adding unit 2.
  • the loaded plate is transferred and pushed to the incubation unit 5.
  • the board card transfer unit 7 includes a vertical substrate 701 attached and fixed on the front side of the back plate 202.
  • a horizontal drive motor is horizontally arranged on the front side of the vertical substrate 701 (the horizontal drive motor is installed on the vertical substrate
  • the back of 701, not shown in Fig. 18) is driven by the horizontal transmission belt 703.
  • a number of arm plate position sensors 704 are arranged on the longitudinal base plate 701 below the horizontal transmission belt 703 at intervals along its length.
  • the conveying end of the horizontal transmission belt 703 and the incubator 501 The longitudinal arm plate 705 is fixed on the horizontal transmission belt 703; one end of the longitudinal arm plate 705 is provided with a longitudinal drive motor 706, and the end of the working shaft of the longitudinal drive motor 706 is connected by a coupling.
  • the longitudinal arm plate 705 is provided with a height positioning plate consistent with the length of the synchronously rotating lead screw 707, and a microplate transfer support bracket and a nut position sensor 709 adapted to the height positioning plate are provided on the lead screw nut 708, The length of the height positioning plate should match the movement distance of the screw nut 708 to ensure that the position information of the vertical movement of the screw nut 708 can be monitored over its entire stroke.
  • the front side of the longitudinal base plate 701 located on the upper and lower sides of the transverse transmission belt 703 is symmetrically provided with arm plate guide rails 710 that are consistent with the length of the transverse transmission belt 703.
  • the length of the plate guide rail 710 should be matched with the length of the horizontal transmission belt 703.
  • the longitudinal arm plate 705 is fixedly connected with the arm plate slider 711 which is slidably mounted on the arm plate guide rail 710; in addition, the two ends of the horizontal transmission belt 703
  • the longitudinal base plate 701 is respectively provided with arm plate limit posts 712 that block the longitudinal arm plate 705, which can effectively avoid the risk of derailment of the longitudinal arm plate 705 when the positioning of the transverse drive motor 702 fails (that is, when the transverse drive motor 702 fails).
  • the plate limiting post 712 is a screw fixed on the longitudinal base plate 701, which is convenient for obtaining materials.
  • a nut guide 713 that is consistent with the length of the synchronously rotating screw 707 is provided on the front side of the longitudinal arm plate 705.
  • the length of the nut guide 713 should be the same as
  • the movement stroke of the screw nut 708 is adapted, and the screw nut 708 is fixedly connected to the screw connecting slider slidably arranged on the nut guide 713.
  • the longitudinal arm plates 705 at both ends of the synchronously rotating screw 707 are respectively provided with nut limit posts 714 that block the screw nut 708, which can effectively avoid the failure of the longitudinal drive motor 706 positioning (that is, when the longitudinal drive motor 706 fails )
  • the lead screw nut 708 presents a risk of derailment.
  • the microplate transfer support bracket includes a card transfer cantilever 715 that is fixedly connected to the screw nut 708 and extends horizontally forward.
  • the card transfer cantilever 715 is horizontally fixed with and
  • the board card transfer bracket 716 that matches the board door hole 516 is provided with a bracket in-position sensor 717 on the side of the board card transfer bracket 716 to monitor whether the microplate 406 is in place in real time.
  • a buffer block 718 for blocking the micro-hole plate 406.
  • the micro-hole plate 406 lifts up when moving horizontally along the longitudinal substrate 701.
  • the upper surface of the board transfer bracket 716 is evenly distributed with 10 ⁇ 12 microplate positioning holes 719 that are matched with the bottom surface of the microplate 406, and the microplate positioning holes 719 are connected to the board.
  • Both sides of the board card transfer bracket 716 between the transfer cantilever arms 715 are respectively provided with manual grasping grooves 720 to avoid interference of other components when the microplate 406 is taken and placed.
  • the movement trajectories of the X-axis synchronous belt transmission mechanism 204, Y-axis synchronous belt transmission mechanism 207, and Z-axis synchronous belt transmission mechanism 210 of the sampling unit On the movement trajectories of the first power mechanism 603 and the second power mechanism 606 of the detection unit, the movement trajectories of the lateral transmission belt 703 of the board card transfer unit and the microplate transfer support bracket are both provided with tow chains 8 to connect the wires The cable is hidden in the drag chain 8 to form an effective protection to prevent interference with other moving parts or line wear.
  • the carrier unit 4 scans the microplate 406 in the board release mechanism, and the sample identification and recording unit 3 scans the sample bottles 306 placed on the circular tray 305, and the system automatically scans the microplate 406 and The sample bottle is matched with the category information.
  • the board transfer unit takes out the microplate 406 from the board stacking mechanism and transfers it to the microplate support device, and at the same time completes the opening of the microplate 406 plate.
  • the system will automatically select the corresponding sample bottle 306 according to the type information of the microplate 406, and turn the sample bottle 306 to the side close to the loading and unloading device of the gun head; then the sample adding gun of the sample adding unit 2 runs to complete one-time suction
  • the sampling gun moves to the sample bottle 306 to be pipetted for liquid suction; then the pipetting gun moves to the microplate supporting device
  • the plate card transfer unit 7 will hold the microplate 406 with the sample added and transport it to the incubator 501 for incubation.
  • the sample gun will run to At the pipette tip loading and unloading device, remove the used disposable pipette tip 223 and wait for the next installation; after the incubation is completed, the detection unit 6 will remove the microplate 406 from the inner side of the incubation tower 507, Perform identification and drug susceptibility testing. After testing, put it back into the incubation tower 507 in place, and reflect the detected data to the computer in real time to complete a set of actions.

Abstract

本发明公开了一种全自动微生物鉴定及药敏分析系统，包括整机壳体，在整机壳体的内腔中设置有加样单元、样本识别记录单元、载板单元、孵育单元、检测单元和板卡转移单元；加样单元自动完成装卸枪头、枪体吸液及板卡加样；样本识别记录单元位于加样单元一侧，对盛装有样本的样本瓶进行扫描记录及自动选取；载板单元位于加样单元的另一侧,用于装载及扫描记录板卡；孵育单元对加样完成的板卡进行温育；检测单元对温育后的板卡进行鉴定和药敏检测；板卡转移单元作为载板单元、加样单元和孵育单元之间的衔接机构，将板卡由载板单元转移至加样单元，再由加样单元转移推送至孵育单元内。本发明优点在于操作简单方便、样本处理量大、自动化程度高。

Description

全自动微生物鉴定及药敏分析系统 技术领域
本发明涉及微生物检测领域，尤其是涉及一种全自动微生物鉴定及药敏分析系统。
背景技术
抗菌药是临床上最常用的药物，其治疗细菌感染和细菌性传染疗效确切，为广大医生广泛应用。然而，近年来滥用抗生素现象十分普遍，这不仅使疗效降低，而且药敏的毒副反应大，加快了细菌耐药性，会导致病人丧失治疗和抢救时机，给病人的健康与生命带来危害。由于各种细菌微生物培养所需要的温度、湿度等环境要求不尽相同，在进行分子生物和细菌培养时往往需要人工创设所需环境，一旦需要培养的细菌和微生物种类较多，则很容易引起医务人员工作量增加并很可能造成操作失误，给医务人员带来很大的不便。
随着科学技术的不断发展，人们对医疗检测设备自动化程度的要求也越来越高；而现有的微生物鉴定及药敏分析仪通常只有温育和分析功能，自动化程度低，需要人工在分析仪外进行加样和进行板卡转移，然后再放入仪器内进行温育和分析，且一次处理标本量小，人工操作内容多，不可预见的风险大，增加了操作人员的工作量；这种仪器已远远不能满足日益增长的微生物检测需求。目前市面上急需一款自动化程度高、操作简单、处理标本量大的微生物鉴定及药敏分析设备。
发明内容
本发明目的在于提供一种操作简单、样本处理量大的全自动微生物鉴定及药敏分析系统。
为实现上述目的，本发明可采取下述技术方案：
本发明所述的全自动微生物鉴定及药敏分析系统，包括整机壳体，在所述整机壳体的内腔中设置有加样单元、样本识别记录单元、载板单元、孵育单元、检测单元和板卡转移单元；
所述加样单元，自动完成装卸枪头、枪体吸液及板卡加样；
所述样本识别记录单元位于所述加样单元一侧，对盛装有样本的样本瓶进行扫描记录及自动选取；
所述载板单元位于所述加样单元的另一侧,用于装载及扫描记录板卡；
所述孵育单元，对加样完成的板卡进行温育；
所述检测单元，对温育后的板卡进行鉴定和药敏检测；
所述板卡转移单元作为载板单元、加样单元和孵育单元之间的衔接机构，将板卡由载板单元转移至加样单元，再由加样单元转移推送至孵育单元内。
所述加样单元包括安装于所述整机壳体内的支撑框架，以及纵向固设于所述支撑框架后侧两立柱之间的背板；在所述背板的后侧面上水平设置有由X轴电机驱动的X轴同步带传动机构，所述X轴同步带传动机构的同步带上固连有水平向前延伸的悬伸臂，在所述悬伸臂上水平设置有由Y轴电机驱动的Y轴同步带传动机构，所述Y轴同步带传动机构的同步带上固连有垂直向下延伸的加样臂，在所述加样臂上纵向设置有由Z轴电机驱动的Z轴同步带传动机构，所述Z轴同步带传动机构的同步带上固连有吸液口垂直向下 的加样枪；在所述加样臂的运动轨迹下方设置有微孔板承托装置和枪头装卸装置。
所述加样枪包括固定在所述Z轴同步带传动机构的同步带上的吸液泵电机，所述吸液泵电机的工作轴垂直向下，在其下端部通过联轴器固连有同步转动的传动丝杆，所述传动丝杆上设置有沿其长度方向上、下运动的丝杆螺母，在所述传动丝杆的下方垂直向下设置有与所述吸液泵电机的外壳相固连的活塞式吸液泵枪，所述活塞式吸液泵枪的上端活塞杆与所述丝杆螺母相固连，其下端吸液口上活动卡装有位于所述枪头盛装盒内的一次性吸液枪头；
所述微孔板承托装置包括承托底座，在所述承托底座上垂直穿设有由基板驱动电机带动的旋转主轴，所述旋转主轴的上端与水平设置的承托基板底面中心处相固连；所述承托基板上并排固设有两套微孔板承托组件，每套所述微孔板承托组件均包括一组微孔板托架和一组板盖卡固架，所述板盖卡固架的高度高于所述微孔板托架的高度，两套微孔板承托组件上的微孔板托架和板盖卡固架交错布设；
所述枪头装卸装置包括设置于所述微孔板承托装置前侧的枪头废弃仓，在所述枪头废弃仓内设置有自所述整机壳体的前侧面抽出或放入的废弃枪头存放斗，在枪头废弃仓的顶壁上开设有枪头掉落口，在所述枪头掉落口上方设置有上表面带枪头盛装盒的支撑桌，在所述支撑桌上开设有与所述枪头掉落口相对应的葫芦形枪头脱去口。
所述样本识别记录单元包括设置于所述加样臂运动轨迹下方的样本支撑座，在所述样本支撑座上垂直穿设有由识别记录单元电机带动的样本托盘旋转轴，所述样本托盘旋转轴的上端水平固连有样本瓶托盘连接板，所述样本瓶托盘连接板上活动放置有环形托盘，所述环形托盘上沿周向均布有若干插放样本瓶的卡槽，在所述样本瓶的内、外侧壁上分别粘贴有产品出厂条码和病人信息条码；在所述环形托盘内、外侧的样本支撑座上分别固设有与同一样本瓶上的所述产品出厂条码和病人信息条码位置相对应的条码扫描器；在所述样本瓶托盘连接板的下表面固连有环形码盘，位于所述环形码盘一侧的所述样本支撑座上设置有码盘原点位置传感器和码盘分度位置传感器。
所述载板单元包括设置于所述微孔板承托装置一侧固定底座，在所述固定底座上通过间隔设置的一对纵支板固连有板卡释放机构；
所述板卡释放机构包括水平固设于两所述纵支板上的底盖，在所述底盖上开设有板卡释放口，所述板卡释放口的上口沿处通过固定于底盖上的导向销活动卡装有矩形环结构的开合板；所述开合板由一对相向运动的U形薄板对接而成，两所述U形薄板的对接处通过旋转套连为一体，在两U形薄板的底壁薄板相对侧设置有一组相互对称的卡爪，其中一U形薄板上设置有外端与所述底盖相连的回位弹簧，所述回位弹簧的拉伸方向与所述U形薄板的开合方向一致；在所述底盖的下表面上固设有板卡释放电机，所述板卡释放电机的工作轴上同轴固连有板卡释放丝杠，所述板卡释放丝杠的轴线方向与两U形薄板的开合方向一致，在板卡释放丝杠上设置有带动两U形薄板开合的螺母座，在所述板卡释放电机上间隔设置有一对用于监测所述螺母座运动行程的行程位置传感器；在两所述U形薄板的上方扣合有与所述底盖相固连的连接基座，所述连接基座上开设有与所述板卡释放口一致的板卡下落口，在所述板卡下落口的一侧边处开设有与微孔板上的信息条码位置相对应的U形通槽；
在所述板卡释放机构上设置有板卡堆栈机构，所述板卡堆栈机构包括垂直固设于所述板卡下落口四角处的卡挡立柱，所述卡挡立柱的上端通过连接顶板连为一体，形成与所述微孔板相适配的板卡堆栈仓，在所述板卡堆栈仓的一侧铰接有带把手的磁性吸合门，与所述磁性吸合门相吸合的卡挡立柱上安装有霍尔传感器。
所述孵育单元包括设置在所述加样单元一侧的孵育箱，在所述孵育箱内设置有孵育底座，所述孵育底座的上表面水平设置有薄壁轴承，所述薄壁轴承的内圈与孵育底座相固连，其外圈上固套有由孵育电机带动的从动带轮，所述从动带轮的上表面与同轴布设的水平孵育盘相固连，所述水平孵育盘上沿周向均布有若干组开口朝外的孵育塔架，所述孵育塔架内纵向间隔排列有若干层微孔板卡槽，每组孵育塔架均通过销钉固定在水平孵育盘上表面；
在所述孵育箱的侧壁上开设有进板口和出板口，所述进板口由纵向间隔开设的若干进板门洞构成，所述进板门洞与所述微孔板卡槽一一对应，在进板门洞上通过自动回弹合页铰接有推门；所述出板口与所述整机壳体的前侧壁密封连通，出板口的大小与一组孵育塔架的外侧开口大小相适配，与所述出板口相对应的整机壳体前侧壁上铰接有孵育箱仓门；在所述孵育箱的顶壁上设置有带加热丝的加热风机，孵育箱内设置有温度传感器，位于所述孵育箱仓门下方的整机壳体前侧壁上设置有温育信息显示屏。
在所述孵育底座上设置有变速器，所述变速器通过固定板固连于孵育底座下表面上，变速器的输出端垂直向上延伸至孵育底座上方，其上设置有主动带轮，所述主动带轮通过传动带与所述从动带轮传动连接，变速器的输入端通过同步传动机构与所述孵育电机传动连接；与所述孵育箱仓门开门侧相对应的所述出板口口沿上设置有若干温育信息指示灯，所述温育信息指示灯与一组所述孵育塔架上的微孔板卡槽一一对应。
所述检测单元包括设置于所述孵育塔架内侧中心处的检测底座，在所述检测底座上纵向设置有第一导轨，所述第一导轨上滑动设置有由第一动力机构驱动升降的信息采集机构，检测底座上设置有防止所述信息采集机构坠落的配重机构；
所述信息采集机构包括滑动设置在所述第一导轨上的水平升降框，所述水平升降框内紧贴长边侧壁水平设置有第二导轨，所述第二导轨上滑动设置有由第二动力机构驱动的滑块，所述滑块的一侧水平固连有托盘连接块，在所述托盘连接块远离滑块的一侧固连有检测托盘，所述检测托盘自所述水平升降框短边侧壁上开设的托盘进出口穿过；在所述托盘进出口的下口沿处设置有光纤固定块，在所述水平升降框的底部设置有LED灯，所述LED灯发出的光由光纤经所述光纤固定块照射在所述检测托盘上，在所述水平升降框的顶部覆盖有光电信号转换模块。
所述配重机构包括纵置于所述检测底座上的门字形框架，所述第一导轨和信息采集机构位于所述门字形框架内侧，在门字形框架后方的检测底座上纵向设置有第三导轨，在所述水平升降框上安装有位于所述光电信号转换模块上方的吊轴，所述吊轴沿所述门字形框架的宽度方向水平设置，一端固定于吊轴上的钢索绕过门字形框架顶部的定滑轮与滑动设置在所述第三导轨上的配重块相固连。
所述板卡转移单元包括贴合固定于所述背板前侧面上的纵向基板，在所述纵向基板的前侧面上水平设置有由横向驱动电机带动的横向传动带，位于所述横向传动带下方的纵向 基板上沿其长度方向间隔设置有若干臂板位置传感器，横向传动带的输送末端与所述孵育箱的进板口适配对应，横向传动带上固设有纵向臂板；
在所述纵向臂板的一端设置有纵向驱动电机，所述纵向驱动电机的工作轴端部通过联轴器连接有位于纵向臂板前侧的同步转动丝杠，所述同步转动丝杠的轴向与所述纵向臂板长度方向一致，在同步转动丝杠上设置有上、下滑动的丝杠螺母，在纵向臂板上设置有与同步转动丝杠长度方向一致的高度定位板，在所述丝杠螺母上设置有微孔板转移承托架和与所述高度定位板相适配的螺母位置传感器；
所述微孔板转移承托架包括固连于所述丝杠螺母上水平向前延伸的板卡转移悬伸臂，在所述板卡转移悬伸臂上水平固连有与所述进板门洞相匹配的板卡转移托架，在所述板卡转移托架的侧边上设置有托架到位传感器。
本发明优点在于操作简单方便、样本处理量大、自动化程度高。通过设置于整机壳体内腔中的加样单元、样本识别记录单元、载板单元、孵育单元、检测单元和板卡转移单元，来完成加样前样本的扫描记录及自动选取、加样枪吸液前自动装设一次性吸液枪头、板卡的自动载板、加样枪吸液加样、加样完成后一次性吸液枪头的卸除、加样完成后板卡的自动转移、板卡孵育及对孵育完成后板卡进行鉴定和药敏检测的一系列动作；一次性上机批量大，满足不断增长的检测需求，契合药敏行业的发展需求，实现加样、转移、温育、判读全封闭自动化运行，提高工作效率，减少人工干预，真正实现了24小时无人值守的目标，有效避免由于人工干预所带来的风险；另外，整体采用模块化设计，各个模块可单独拆卸，后期维护及保养十分方便。
附图说明
图1是本发明的结构示意图。
图2是图1的俯视图(隐去整机壳体)。
图3是图1隐去整机外壳和孵育箱的内部结构示意图。
图4、图5是图1中加样单元的结构示意图。
图6是图1中加样单元中加样枪的放大图。
图7是图1中微孔板承托装置的结构示意图。
图8是图1中样本识别记录单元的结构示意图。
图9是图8的立体图。
图10是图1中载板单元的分解结构示意图。
图11是图10中板卡释放机构的放大图。
图12是图10中微孔板的放大图。
图13是图1中孵育单元的结构示意图。
图14是图13中隐去孵育箱的结构示意图。
图15是图1中检测单元的结构示意图。
图16是图15的立体图。
图17是图15中信息采集机构的结构示意图(隐去第二动力机构)。
图18是图1中板卡转移单元的结构示意图。
图19是图18中微孔板转移承托架的放大图(隐去微孔板)。
具体实施方式
如图1-3所示，本发明所述的全自动微生物鉴定及药敏分析系统，包括整机壳体1，在整机壳体1的内腔中设置有加样单元2、样本识别记录单元3、载板单元4、孵育单元5、检测单元6和板卡转移单元7；加样单元2、样本识别记录单元3、载板单元4、孵育单元5、检测单元6和板卡转移单元7均由PLC控制器控制。
加样单元2能够自动完成装卸枪头、枪体吸液及板卡加样；如图4、5所示，加样单元2包括安装于整机壳体1内的支撑框架201，支撑框架201由固定于整机壳体1内底壁上的四个纵向立柱和固连于纵向立柱上端的连接梁构成，在支撑框架201后侧的两立柱之间纵向固设有背板202；在背板202的后侧面上水平设置有由X轴电机203驱动的X轴同步带传动机构204，X轴同步带传动机构204的同步带上固连有自背板202上方绕过并水平向前延伸的悬伸臂205，在悬伸臂205上水平设置有由Y轴电机206驱动的Y轴同步带传动机构207，Y轴同步带传动机构207的同步带上固连有垂直向下延伸的加样臂208，在加样臂208上纵向设置有由Z轴电机209驱动的Z轴同步带传动机构210，Z轴同步带传动机构210的同步带上固连有吸液口垂直向下的加样枪，在加样臂208的运动轨迹下方设置有微孔板承托装置和枪头装卸装置。
悬伸臂205在X轴同步带传动机构204的带动下沿支撑框架201的X轴方向来回运动，加样臂208在Y轴同步带传动机构207的带动下沿支撑框架201的Y轴方向来回运动，加样枪在Z轴同步带传动机构210的带动下沿支撑框架201的Z轴方向来回运动，从而实现加样枪任意方位的移动。
为保证悬伸臂205随X轴同步带传动机构204稳定移动，在背板202上设置有与X轴同步带传动机构204长度方向一致的X轴导轨211，X轴导轨211的长度与X轴同步带传动机构204的长度相适配，悬伸臂205与滑动卡装在X轴导轨211上的X轴滑块212相固连，形成X轴导轨211稳定卡固悬伸臂205的同时对悬伸臂205的运动起导向作用；另外，由于悬伸臂205的伸出长度较长，因此为避免悬伸臂205前端下坠，将悬伸臂205的高度设置的与支撑框架201的连接梁高度一致，并在支撑框架201前侧的连接梁内侧面上水平开设支撑滑道213，在悬伸臂205的前端设置有与支撑滑道213滑动配合的支撑滑块214，形成对悬伸臂205前端的稳定支撑。
为保证加样臂208随Y轴同步带传动机构207稳定移动，在悬伸臂205上设置有与Y轴同步带传动机构207长度方向一致的Y轴导轨215，Y轴导轨215的长度与Y轴同步带传动机构207的长度相适配，加样臂208与滑动卡装在Y轴导轨215上的Y轴滑块216相固连，形成Y轴导轨215稳定卡固加样臂208的同时对加样臂208的运动起导向作用。
为保证加样枪随Z轴同步带传动机构210稳定移动，在加样臂208上设置有与Z轴同步带传动机构210长度方向一致的Z轴导轨217，Z轴导轨217的长度与Z轴同步带传动机构210的长度相适配，加样枪与滑动卡装在Z轴导轨217上的Z轴滑块218相固连，形成Z轴导轨217稳定卡固加样枪的同时对加样枪的上下运动起导向作用。
如图6所示，加样枪包括固定在Z轴同步带传动机构210的同步带上的吸液泵电机219，吸液泵电机219的工作轴垂直向下，在其下端部通过联轴器固连有同步转动的传动 丝杆220，传动丝杆220上设置有沿其长度方向上、下运动的丝杆螺母221，在传动丝杆220的下方垂直向下设置有与吸液泵电机219的外壳相固连的活塞式吸液泵枪222(活塞式吸液泵枪222为现有常见的自动加液枪，可实现精确吸取样本和精确加样)，活塞式吸液泵枪222的上端活塞杆与丝杆螺母221相固连，通过吸液泵电机219带动传动丝杆220转动，从而使设置于其上的丝杆螺母221上下运动，实现活塞式吸液泵枪222的活塞杆上下推拉，完成吸液或加样动作；在活塞式吸液泵枪222的下端吸液口上活动卡装有一次性吸液枪头223，一次性吸液枪头223可拆卸更换，有效避免交叉污染。
微孔板承托装置一般固定于支撑框架201中心处的整机壳体1内底壁上；如图7所示，微孔板承托装置包括承托底座224，在承托底座224上垂直穿设有由基板驱动电机225带动的旋转主轴226，为使结构更加紧凑，基板驱动电机225固定于承托底座224下表面上，通过一套同步带传动机构来带动旋转主轴226；旋转主轴226上端与水平设置的承托基板227底面中心处相固连；为提高微孔板承托装置工作时的灵活性和稳定性，靠近承托底座224的旋转主轴226上套装有一对轴承(优选深沟轴承)，与轴承外周面紧配合的轴套通过螺栓固定安装在承托底座224上，在轴承下方的旋转主轴226上开设有外螺纹，其上依次设置有止动垫片和锁紧螺母。承托基板227上并排固设有两套微孔板承托组件，每套微孔板承托组件均包括一组微孔板托架228和一组板盖卡固架229，板盖卡固架229的高度高于微孔板托架228的高度，方便先将微孔板的板盖卡固于较高的板盖卡固架229上，然后向下退去微孔板，并卡放在微孔板托架228上；两套微孔板承托组件上的微孔板托架228和板盖卡固架229交错布设，使加样区有两个工位(即可放置两个微孔板)，当一个工位上的微孔板加样完成后，通过基板驱动电机225带动承托基板227转动180°，便可对另一工位上的微孔板进行加样，可有效节约加样时间，提高工作效率。另外，在承托底座224的上表面设置有加样原点位置传感器230和加样分度位置传感器231，在承托基板227的下表面设置有与加样原点位置传感器230相适配的原点位置挡片232，和与加样分度位置传感器231相适配的分度位置挡片233，通过加样原点位置传感器230与原点位置挡片232的配合，以及加样分度位置传感器231与分度位置挡片233的配合来识别并实时记录微孔板的位置，实现位置记忆，从而方便自动加样。
如图3、4所示，枪头装卸装置包括设置于微孔板承托装置前侧的枪头废弃仓234，在枪头废弃仓234内设置有自整机壳体1的前侧面抽出或放入的废弃枪头存放斗235(如图1所示)，在枪头废弃仓234的顶壁上开设有枪头掉落口236，在枪头掉落口236上方设置有上表面带枪头盛装盒237的支撑桌238，枪头盛装盒237内放置有多个一次性吸液枪头223，加样枪对准枪头盛装盒237内的一个一次性吸液枪头223后向下运动，便完成一次性吸液枪头223的安装；在支撑桌238上开设有与枪头掉落口236相对应的葫芦形枪头脱去口239，方便脱去已使用过的一次性吸液枪头223，脱去后的一次性吸液枪头223直接掉落于废弃枪头存放斗235内。
加样枪在完成一次性吸液枪头223的安装后便会进行吸液操作，因此就需要先对盛装有样本液的多个样本瓶进行扫描记录，之后便能在吸取样本液时自动选取对应的样本瓶，样本识别记录单元正是为了完成这一操作而设置的。
如图8、9所示，样本识别记录单元3包括设置于加样臂208运动轨迹下方的样本支 撑座301，具体的是将样本支撑座301设置在枪头装卸装置的一侧，尽可能的缩短加样枪在吸液时的运动行程；在样本支撑座301上垂直穿设有由识别记录单元电机302带动的样本托盘旋转轴303，为使结构更加紧凑，识别记录单元电机302固定于样本支撑座301下表面上，同样也是通过一套同步带传动机构来带动样本托盘旋转轴303，样本托盘旋转轴303的上端水平固连有样本瓶托盘连接板304，为保证工作时的稳定性，同样在样本托盘旋转轴303上设置外螺纹并旋拧轴套，位于轴套下端的样本托盘旋转轴303上依次设置有止动垫片和锁紧螺母，避免长期使用后样本托盘旋转轴303出现松动脱落现象。
样本瓶托盘连接板304上活动放置有环形托盘305，环形托盘305上沿周向均布有若干插放样本瓶306的卡槽307，在样本瓶306的内、外侧壁上分别粘贴有产品出厂条码308和病人信息条码309；在环形托盘305内、外侧的样本支撑座301上分别固设有与同一样本瓶306上的产品出厂条码308和病人信息条码309位置相对应的条码扫描器310，两条码扫描器310同时对同一样本瓶306进行扫描，扫描速度快，工作效率大大提高。
在样本瓶托盘连接板304的下表面固连有环形码盘311，位于环形码盘311一侧的样本支撑座301上设置有码盘原点位置传感器312和码盘分度位置传感器313，通过码盘原点位置传感器312和码盘分度位置传感器313来识别并实时记录样本瓶306的位置，实现位置记忆，从而在放置样本瓶306时无需考虑插放位置，方便操作人员随机放置，大大降低操作难度。
在加样枪吸液后进行板卡加样时，还需要首先将微孔板(如图12所示)推送至微孔板承托装置上，因此载板单元4设置于微孔板承托装置的一侧。
如图10、11所示，载板单元4包括固定底座401，在固定底座401上通过间隔设置的一对纵支板402固连有板卡释放机构；为增强纵支板402的支固能力，两纵支板402的一侧通过安装于固定底座401上的加固筋板403连为一体。
板卡释放机构包括水平固设于两纵支板402上的底盖404，在底盖404上开设有板卡释放口405，板卡释放口405为与现有微孔板406的结构相近似的矩形结构，其大小略大于现有微孔板406的大小，保证微孔板406能够顺利从板卡释放口内下落；板卡释放口405的上口沿处通过固定于底盖404上的导向销407活动卡装有矩形环结构的开合板；导向销407沿板卡释放口405的口沿均部若干个，开合板由一对相向运动的U形薄板408对接而成，两U形薄板408的对接处通过旋转套409连为一体，使一侧的U形薄板408运动，带动另一侧的U形薄板408与之做反方向运动，从而实现开合功能；在两U形薄板408上开设有与导向销407相适配的条形孔410，条形孔410的长度方向与U形薄板408的运动方向一致，导向销407活动卡装在条形孔410内，实现对导向销407的导向作用。
两U形薄板408均由两侧壁薄板和一底壁薄板构成的一体式结构，在两U形薄板408的底壁薄板相对侧设置有一组相互对称的卡爪411，用于卡固微孔板406；其中一U形薄板408上设置有外端与所述底盖404相连的回位弹簧412，回位弹簧412的拉伸方向与U形薄板408的开合方向一致，保证处于打开状态的两U形薄板408在回位弹簧412的作用下收合；在底盖404的下表面上固设有板卡释放电机413，板卡释放电机413的工作轴上同轴固连有板卡释放丝杠414，板卡释放丝杠414的轴线方向与两U形薄板408的开合 方向一致，在板卡释放丝杠414上设置有带动两U形薄板408开合的螺母座415，在板卡释放电机413上间隔设置有一对用于监测螺母座415运动行程的行程位置传感器416；螺母座415与一侧的U形薄板408相连，带动其完成开合动作，而间隔设置的两行程位置传感器416用于监测螺母座415的位置，并对螺母座415的最大行程进行限位。
在两U形薄板408的上方扣合有与底盖404相固连的连接基座417，连接基座417上开设有与板卡释放口405一致的板卡下落口418，在板卡下落口418的一侧边处开设有与微孔板406上的信息条码419位置相对应的U形通槽420，用于配合其外部的扫描机构对即将下落的微孔板406进行扫描，对信息进行存储记录。
在板卡释放机构上设置有板卡堆栈机构，板卡堆栈机构包括垂直固设于板卡下落口418四角处的卡挡立柱421，卡挡立柱421的上端通过连接顶板422连为一体，形成与微孔板406相适配的板卡堆栈仓423，在板卡堆栈仓423的一侧铰接有带把手424的磁性吸合门425，与磁性吸合门425相吸合的卡挡立柱421上安装有霍尔传感器，当磁性吸合门425未完全关上时，霍尔传感器会发出报警信号，提示磁性吸合门425未关好；另外，在磁性吸合门425的内侧面上纵向设置有顶固微孔板406的凸条426，在关上磁性吸合门425时能通过凸条426将位于板卡堆栈仓423内的微孔板406顶固，避免其在板卡堆栈仓423内左、右移动。
微孔板406直接水平叠放于板卡堆栈仓423内，为适配微孔板406的防呆功能(即微孔板406的一角为直角，其余三角为圆弧角，一般是微孔板406在正向放置时，其右下角为直角)，远离磁性吸合门425的两卡挡立柱421内侧面为与微孔板406相匹配的弧形结构；同时，位于磁性吸合门425下方的板卡下落口418边沿上开设有手动抓取凹槽427，当处于最底层的微孔板406发生错误时，可通过手动抓取凹槽427手动取出微孔板406；另外，为方便清楚的观察到所叠放的微孔板406的板卡数量，在其中一卡挡立柱421的外侧面上自下而上设置有与微孔板406相对应的板卡数量标识428，上下相邻的两板卡数量标识428之间间隔一微孔板406的厚度距离。
当微孔板406经加样单元2加样完成后，便会进入到孵育单元5内，对加样完成的板卡进行温育。
如图13、14所示，孵育单元5包括设置在加样单元2一侧的孵育箱501，在孵育箱501内设置有孵育底座502，孵育底座502的上表面水平设置有薄壁轴承503，薄壁轴承503的内圈与孵育底座502相固连，其外圈上固套有由孵育电机504带动的从动带轮505，从动带轮505的上表面与同轴布设的水平孵育盘506相固连，水平孵育盘506上沿周向均布有八组孵育塔架507，孵育塔架507内纵向间隔排列有八层微孔板卡槽508，总计可一次性放入六十四个微孔板406，大大提高了载板量。为方便取放孵育塔架507，每组孵育塔架507均通过销钉固定在水平孵育盘506上表面，并且在孵育塔架507的上表面设置提手509(见图3)。另外，为方便在取放微孔板406时可以快速准确的找到所需微孔板406的位置，在水平孵育盘506的上表面沿周向设置有与孵育塔架507一一对应的塔架刻度510，同时在孵育底座502上设置有位置传感器511，用于记录水平孵育盘506转动的位置信息，保证塔位的旋转精度。
为使水平孵育盘506上能够均布八组结构相同的孵育塔架507，水平孵育盘506的直 径会相对较大，导致带动其转动的从动带轮505外径较大，而现有的电机多为固定转速，因此为适配孵育电机504的转速，在孵育底座502上设置有变速器512，孵育电机504通过变速器512与从动带轮505传动连接；具体的，变速器512通过固定板513固连于孵育底座502下表面上，变速器512的输出端垂直向上延伸至孵育底座502上方，其上设置有主动带轮514，主动带轮514通过传动带与从动带轮505传动连接，而变速器512的输入端通过同步带传动机构与孵育电机504传动连接。
在孵育箱501的侧壁上开设有进板口和出板口515，为了与加样单元配合，方便自动放入微孔板406，进板口由纵向间隔开设的八个进板门洞516构成，八个进板门洞516与八层微孔板卡槽508一一对应，在进板门洞516上通过自动回弹合页517铰接有推门518；自动回弹合页517为液压合页(全称是扭簧式液压缓冲闭门合页)或气动合页(全称是气动式自动闭门合页)，保证送入微孔板406后退出工位时，推门518回弹，进板门洞516闭合，实现自动化，降低不稳定因素造成失败的风险。
出板口515与整机壳体1的前侧壁密封连通，出板口515的大小与一组孵育塔架507的外侧开口大小相适配，与出板口515相对应的整机壳体1前侧壁上铰接有孵育箱仓门519，为增强密封性，在孵育箱仓门519的内侧面上设置有与出板口515口沿适配贴合的环形密封胶条；在孵育箱仓门519的开门侧也可设置有与出板口515相吸合的吸固磁座，并在靠近吸固磁座处的出板口上设置霍尔传感器，当孵育箱仓门519未完全关上时，霍尔传感器会发出报警信号，提示孵育箱仓门519未关好；另外，与孵育箱仓门519开门侧相对应的出板口515口沿上设置有若干温育信息指示灯520，温育信息指示灯520与一组孵育塔架507上的微孔板卡槽508一一对应，温育信息指示灯520可通过相关软件实现不同的颜色显示，对应孵育塔架507内微孔板406的不同温育信息。
在孵育箱501的顶壁上设置有带加热丝521的加热风机522(见图2)，孵育箱501内设置有温度传感器，用于实时监测并反馈孵育箱501内的温度信息；位于孵育箱仓门519下方的整机壳体1前侧壁上设置有温育信息显示屏523，可随时显示温育信息，方便随时掌握孵育箱501内的实时参数；另外，在孵育箱501的顶壁上密封穿设温度计524，温度计524的上端自整机壳体1的顶壁穿出，方便操作人员直观的读取温度信息。
当板卡经孵育单元5温育完成后，便会进入检测单元6中进行鉴定和药敏检测。
如图15-17所示，检测单元6包括设置于孵育塔架507内侧中心处的检测底座601，在检测底座601上纵向设置有第一导轨602，第一导轨602上滑动设置有由第一动力机构603驱动升降的信息采集机构，第一动力机构603为设置在检测底座601上的同步带传动机构，检测底座601上设置有防止信息采集机构坠落的配重机构，避免采集机构突然坠落，具有防护作用。
信息采集机构包括滑动设置在第一导轨602上的水平升降框604，水平升降框604内紧贴长边侧壁水平设置有第二导轨605，第二导轨605上滑动设置有由第二动力机构606驱动的滑块607，滑块607的一侧水平固连有托盘连接块608，在托盘连接块608远离滑块607的一侧固连有检测托盘609，检测托盘609上开设有与微孔板406底面相适配的卡孔610，用于卡固微孔板406，检测托盘609自水平升降框604短边侧壁上开设的托盘进出口611穿过；在托盘进出口611的下口沿处设置有光纤固定块612，在水平升降框604 的底部设置有LED灯613，LED灯613发出的光经滤光片过滤后由光纤614照射到光纤固定块612内，经光纤固定块612出来的光束再透过检测托盘609照射在微孔板406的板孔上，最后通过覆盖在水平升降框604顶部的光电信号转换模块615进行采集，将采集到的衰减光信号传送至单片机(即PLC控制器)，经单片机计算得到样本的耐药参数，完成信息的采集和检测。
配重机构包括纵置于检测底座601上的门字形框架616，第一导轨602和信息采集机构位于门字形框架616内侧，在门字形框架616后方的检测底座601上纵向设置有第三导轨617，在水平升降框604上安装有位于光电信号转换模块615上方的吊轴618，吊轴618沿门字形框架616的宽度方向水平设置，一端固定于吊轴618上的钢索619绕过门字形框架616顶部的定滑轮620与滑动设置在第三导轨617上的配重块621相固连，第三导轨617的下端套装有减震垫622，减震垫622位于配重块621的整下，与其适配对应，对配重块621的下落起到缓冲作用。
另外，为提高信息采集机构运动时的稳定性，在第一动力机构603的被动轮上固连有竖直向上延伸的第一螺杆623，在水平升降框604与托盘进出口611相对侧设置有升降螺母座624，升降螺母座624与旋拧在第一螺杆623上的第一螺母相连；第二动力机构606为设置在水平升降框604上的同步带传动机构，第二动力机构606的被动轮上固连有与第二导轨605相平行的第二螺杆625，第二螺杆625上旋拧有第二螺母626，滑块607为与第二螺母626相连的螺母滑块，位于第二螺杆625后端的水平升降框604上设置有第一位置传感器627，在滑块607上设置有感应片628，当第一位置传感器627检测到感应片628信号时表明检测托盘609收回至极限位置；位于第二螺杆625前端的水平升降框604上设置有呈L形的连接件629(连接件629为钣金件)，连接件629上设置有第二位置传感器630，用于感应检测托盘609上是否卡装有微孔板406。
所述板卡转移单元作为载板单元4、加样单元2和孵育单元5之间的衔接机构，将板卡由载板单元4转移至加样单元2，并将在加样单元2内完成加样的板卡再转移推送至孵育单元5内。
如图18所示，板卡转移单元7包括贴合固定于背板202前侧面上的纵向基板701，在纵向基板701的前侧面上水平设置有由横向驱动电机(横向驱动电机设置于纵向基板701背面，图18中未示出)带动的横向传动带703，位于横向传动带703下方的纵向基板701上沿其长度方向间隔设置有若干臂板位置传感器704，横向传动带703的输送末端与孵育箱501的进板口适配对应，横向传动带703上固设有纵向臂板705；在纵向臂板705的一端设置有纵向驱动电机706，纵向驱动电机706的工作轴端部通过联轴器连接有位于纵向臂板705前侧的同步转动丝杠707，同步转动丝杠707的轴向与纵向臂板705长度方向一致，在同步转动丝杠707上设置有上、下滑动的丝杠螺母708，在纵向臂板705上设置有与同步转动丝杠707长度方向一致的高度定位板，在丝杠螺母708上设置有微孔板转移承托架和与高度定位板相适配的螺母位置传感器709，高度定位板的长度应当与丝杠螺母708的运动距离相匹配，保证能够在丝杠螺母708的整个行程上监控其在竖向上运动的位置信息。
为提高纵向臂板705沿纵向基板701横向运动时的稳定性，位于横向传动带703上、 下两侧的纵向基板701前侧面上对称设置有与横向传动带703长度方向一致的臂板导轨710，壁板导轨710的长度应当与横向传动带703的长度相适配，纵向臂板705与滑动卡装在臂板导轨710上的臂板滑块711相固连；另外，在横向传动带703两端处的纵向基板701上分别设置有卡挡纵向臂板705的臂板限位柱712，能够有效避免横向驱动电机702定位失败时(即横向驱动电机702出现故障时)纵向臂板705出现脱轨风险，臂板限位柱712为固定于纵向基板701上的螺钉，方便取材。
为提高丝杠螺母708沿纵向臂板705竖向运动时的稳定性，在纵向臂板705的前侧面上设置与同步转动丝杠707长度方向一致的螺母导轨713，螺母导轨713的长度应当与丝杠螺母708的运动行程相适配，丝杠螺母708与滑动设置在螺母导轨713上的丝杠连接滑块相固连。位于同步转动丝杠707两端处的纵向臂板705上分别设置有卡挡丝杠螺母708的螺母限位柱714，能够有效避免纵向驱动电机706定位失败时(即纵向驱动电机706出现故障时)丝杠螺母708出现脱轨风险。
如图19所示，微孔板转移承托架包括固连于丝杠螺母708上水平向前延伸的板卡转移悬伸臂715，在板卡转移悬伸臂715上水平固连有与进板门洞516相匹配的板卡转移托架716，在板卡转移托架716的侧边上设置有托架到位传感器717，实时监测微孔板406是否运送到位。另外，在板卡转移托架716的远离板卡转移悬伸臂715端侧边上设置有卡挡微孔板406的缓冲胶块718，微孔板406沿纵向基板701横向运动时对其起到缓冲作用；板卡转移托架716的上表面均布有10×12个与微孔板406的板孔底面相适配的微孔板定位孔719，在微孔板定位孔719与板卡转移悬伸臂715之间的板卡转移托架716两侧边上分别开设有手动抓取凹槽720，用来规避取、放微孔板406时其他部件的干涉。
另外为避免整个系统在运行过程中，内部的线缆影响运行，在加样单元的X轴同步带传动机构204、Y轴同步带传动机构207和Z轴同步带传动机构210的运动轨迹上，在检测单元的第一动力机构603和第二动力机构606的运动轨迹上，在板卡转移单元的横向传动带703和微孔板转移承托架的运动轨迹上均设置有拖链8，将线缆隐藏于拖链8中，形成有效的保护，防止与其他运动部件间存在干涉或线路磨损。
本发明的工作过程如下：
首先载板单元4会对板卡释放机构内的微孔板406进行扫描,同时样本识别记录单元3会对置于环形托盘305上的样本瓶306进行扫描，系统会自动对微孔板406和样本瓶进行类别信息匹配，匹配成功后板卡转移单元从板卡堆栈机构内取出微孔板406，并将其转移至微孔板承托装置上，同时完成微孔板406板的开盖动作；然后系统会根据微孔板406的类别信息自动选取与之对应的样本瓶306，将样本瓶306转到靠近枪头装卸装置侧；之后加样单元2的加样枪运行，完成一次性吸液枪头223的装设，装设完一次性吸液枪头223后，加样枪再运行到待吸液的样本瓶306处进行吸液；之后加样枪运行到微孔板承托装置上进行加液；待加样完成后，板卡转移单元7再托起加样完成的微孔板406，并将其输送至孵育箱501中进行孵育，于此同时，加样枪会运行到枪头装卸装置处，将使用过的一次性吸液枪头223卸掉，等待下一次的装设；孵育完成后，检测单元6会将微孔板406从孵育塔架507的内侧取走，进行鉴定及药敏检测,检测完之后再次放回孵育塔架507原位，并将检测出的数据实时反映到计算机上,完成一整套的动作。

Claims (14)

  1. 一种全自动微生物鉴定及药敏分析系统，其特征在于：包括整机壳体，在所述整机壳体的内腔中设置有加样单元、样本识别记录单元、载板单元、孵育单元、检测单元和板卡转移单元；
    所述加样单元，自动完成装卸枪头、枪体吸液及板卡加样；
    所述样本识别记录单元位于所述加样单元一侧，对盛装有样本的样本瓶进行扫描记录及自动选取；
    所述载板单元位于所述加样单元的另一侧,用于装载及扫描记录板卡；
    所述孵育单元，对加样完成的板卡进行温育；
    所述检测单元，对温育后的板卡进行鉴定和药敏检测；
    所述板卡转移单元作为载板单元、加样单元和孵育单元之间的衔接机构，将板卡由载板单元转移至加样单元，再由加样单元转移推送至孵育单元内。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的全自动微生物鉴定及药敏分析系统，其特征在于：所述加样单元包括安装于所述整机壳体内的支撑框架，以及纵向固设于所述支撑框架后侧两立柱之间的背板；在所述背板的后侧面上水平设置有由X轴电机驱动的X轴同步带传动机构，所述X轴同步带传动机构的同步带上固连有水平向前延伸的悬伸臂，在所述悬伸臂上水平设置有由Y轴电机驱动的Y轴同步带传动机构，所述Y轴同步带传动机构的同步带上固连有垂直向下延伸的加样臂，在所述加样臂上纵向设置有由Z轴电机驱动的Z轴同步带传动机构，所述Z轴同步带传动机构的同步带上固连有吸液口垂直向下的加样枪；在所述加样臂的运动轨迹下方设置有微孔板承托装置和枪头装卸装置。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的全自动微生物鉴定及药敏分析系统，其特征在于：所述加样枪包括固定在所述Z轴同步带传动机构的同步带上的吸液泵电机，所述吸液泵电机的工作轴垂直向下，在其下端部通过联轴器固连有同步转动的传动丝杆，所述传动丝杆上设置有沿其长度方向上、下运动的丝杆螺母，在所述传动丝杆的下方垂直向下设置有与所述吸液泵电机的外壳相固连的活塞式吸液泵枪，所述活塞式吸液泵枪的上端活塞杆与所述丝杆螺母相固连，其下端吸液口上活动卡装有位于所述枪头盛装盒内的一次性吸液枪头。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的全自动微生物鉴定及药敏分析系统，其特征在于：所述样本识别记录单元包括设置于所述加样臂运动轨迹下方的样本支撑座，在所述样本支撑座上垂直穿设有由识别记录单元电机带动的样本托盘旋转轴，所述样本托盘旋转轴的上端水平固连有样本瓶托盘连接板，所述样本瓶托盘连接板上活动放置有环形托盘，所述环形托盘上沿周向均布有若干插放样本瓶的卡槽，在所述样本瓶的内、外侧壁上分别粘贴有产品出厂条码和病人信息条码；在所述环形托盘内、外侧的样本支撑座上分别固设有与同一样本瓶上的所述产品出厂条码和病人信息条码位置相对应的条码扫描器；在所述样本瓶托盘连接板的下表面固连有环形码盘，位于所述环形码盘一侧的所述样本支撑座上设置有码盘原点位置传感器和码盘分度位置传感器。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的全自动微生物鉴定及药敏分析系统，其特征在于：所述载板单元包括设置于所述微孔板承托装置一侧固定底座，在所述固定底座上通过间隔设置的一对纵支板固连有板卡释放机构；
    所述板卡释放机构包括水平固设于两所述纵支板上的底盖，在所述底盖上开设有板卡释放口，所述板卡释放口的上口沿处通过固定于底盖上的导向销活动卡装有矩形环结构的开合板；所述开合板由一对相向运动的U形薄板对接而成，两所述U形薄板的对接处通过旋转套连为一体，在两U形薄板的底壁薄板相对侧设置有一组相互对称的卡爪，其中一U形薄板上设置有外端与所述底盖相连的回位弹簧，所述回位弹簧的拉伸方向与所述U形薄板的开合方向一致；在所述底盖的下表面上固设有板卡释放电机，所述板卡释放电机的工作轴上同轴固连有板卡释放丝杠，所述板卡释放丝杠的轴线方向与两U形薄板的开合方向一致，在板卡释放丝杠上设置有带动两U形薄板开合的螺母座，在所述板卡释放电机上间隔设置有一对用于监测所述螺母座运动行程的行程位置传感器；在两所述U形薄板的上方扣合有与所述底盖相固连的连接基座，所述连接基座上开设有与所述板卡释放口一致的板卡下落口，在所述板卡下落口的一侧边处开设有与微孔板上的信息条码位置相对应的U形通槽；
    在所述板卡释放机构上设置有板卡堆栈机构，所述板卡堆栈机构包括垂直固设于所述板卡下落口四角处的卡挡立柱，所述卡挡立柱的上端通过连接顶板连为一体，形成与所述微孔板相适配的板卡堆栈仓，在所述板卡堆栈仓的一侧铰接有带把手的磁性吸合门，与所述磁性吸合门相吸合的卡挡立柱上安装有霍尔传感器。
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的全自动微生物鉴定及药敏分析系统，其特征在于：所述孵育单元包括设置在所述加样单元一侧的孵育箱，在所述孵育箱内设置有孵育底座，所述孵育底座的上表面水平设置有薄壁轴承，所述薄壁轴承的内圈与孵育底座相固连，其外圈上固套有由孵育电机带动的从动带轮，所述从动带轮的上表面与同轴布设的水平孵育盘相固连，所述水平孵育盘上沿周向均布有若干组开口朝外的孵育塔架，所述孵育塔架内纵向间隔排列有若干层微孔板卡槽，每组孵育塔架均通过销钉固定在水平孵育盘上表面；
    在所述孵育箱的侧壁上开设有进板口和出板口，所述进板口由纵向间隔开设的若干进板门洞构成，所述进板门洞与所述微孔板卡槽一一对应，在进板门洞上通过自动回弹合页铰接有推门；所述出板口与所述整机壳体的前侧壁密封连通，出板口的大小与一组孵育塔架的外侧开口大小相适配，与所述出板口相对应的整机壳体前侧壁上铰接有孵育箱仓门；在所述孵育箱的顶壁上设置有带加热丝的加热风机，孵育箱内设置有温度传感器，位于所述孵育箱仓门下方的整机壳体前侧壁上设置有温育信息显示屏。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的全自动微生物鉴定及药敏分析系统，其特征在于：在所述孵育底座上设置有变速器，所述变速器通过固定板固连于孵育底座下表面上，变速器的输出端垂直向上延伸至孵育底座上方，其上设置有主动带轮，所述主动带轮通过传动带与所述从动带轮传动连接，变速器的输入端通过同步传动机构与所述孵育电机传动连接；与所述孵育箱仓门开门侧相对应的所述出板口口沿上设置有若干温育信息指示灯，所述温育信息指示灯与一组所述孵育塔架上的微孔板卡槽一一对应。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的全自动微生物鉴定及药敏分析系统，其特征在于：所述检测单元包括设置于所述孵育塔架内侧中心处的检测底座，在所述检测底座上纵向设置有第一导轨，所述第一导轨上滑动设置有由第一动力机构驱动升降的信息采集机构，检测底座 上设置有防止所述信息采集机构坠落的配重机构；
    所述信息采集机构包括滑动设置在所述第一导轨上的水平升降框，所述水平升降框内紧贴长边侧壁水平设置有第二导轨，所述第二导轨上滑动设置有由第二动力机构驱动的滑块，所述滑块的一侧水平固连有托盘连接块，在所述托盘连接块远离滑块的一侧固连有检测托盘，所述检测托盘自所述水平升降框短边侧壁上开设的托盘进出口穿过；在所述托盘进出口的下口沿处设置有光纤固定块，在所述水平升降框的底部设置有LED灯，所述LED灯发出的光由光纤经所述光纤固定块照射在所述检测托盘上，在所述水平升降框的顶部覆盖有光电信号转换模块。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的全自动微生物鉴定及药敏分析系统，其特征在于：所述配重机构包括纵置于所述检测底座上的门字形框架，所述第一导轨和信息采集机构位于所述门字形框架内侧，在门字形框架后方的检测底座上纵向设置有第三导轨，在所述水平升降框上安装有位于所述光电信号转换模块上方的吊轴，所述吊轴沿所述门字形框架的宽度方向水平设置，一端固定于吊轴上的钢索绕过门字形框架顶部的定滑轮与滑动设置在所述第三导轨上的配重块相固连。
  10. 根据权利要求6所述的全自动微生物鉴定及药敏分析系统，其特征在于：所述板卡转移单元包括贴合固定于所述背板前侧面上的纵向基板，在所述纵向基板的前侧面上水平设置有由横向驱动电机带动的横向传动带，位于所述横向传动带下方的纵向基板上沿其长度方向间隔设置有若干臂板位置传感器，横向传动带的输送末端与所述孵育箱的进板口适配对应，横向传动带上固设有纵向臂板；
    在所述纵向臂板的一端设置有纵向驱动电机，所述纵向驱动电机的工作轴端部通过联轴器连接有位于纵向臂板前侧的同步转动丝杠，所述同步转动丝杠的轴向与所述纵向臂板长度方向一致，在同步转动丝杠上设置有上、下滑动的丝杠螺母，在纵向臂板上设置有与同步转动丝杠长度方向一致的高度定位板，在所述丝杠螺母上设置有微孔板转移承托架和与所述高度定位板相适配的螺母位置传感器；
    所述微孔板转移承托架包括固连于所述丝杠螺母上水平向前延伸的板卡转移悬伸臂，在所述板卡转移悬伸臂上水平固连有与所述进板门洞相匹配的板卡转移托架，在所述板卡转移托架的侧边上设置有托架到位传感器。
  11. 根据权利要求2或3所述的全自动微生物鉴定及药敏分析系统，其特征在于：所述微孔板承托装置包括承托底座，在所述承托底座上垂直穿设有由基板驱动电机带动的旋转主轴，所述旋转主轴的上端与水平设置的承托基板底面中心处相固连；所述承托基板上并排固设有两套微孔板承托组件，每套所述微孔板承托组件均包括一组微孔板托架和一组板盖卡固架，所述板盖卡固架的高度高于所述微孔板托架的高度，两套微孔板承托组件上的微孔板托架和板盖卡固架交错布设。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的全自动微生物鉴定及药敏分析系统，其特征在于：所述枪头装卸装置包括设置于所述微孔板承托装置前侧的枪头废弃仓，在所述枪头废弃仓内设置有自所述整机壳体的前侧面抽出或放入的废弃枪头存放斗，在枪头废弃仓的顶壁上开设有枪头掉落口，在所述枪头掉落口上方设置有上表面带枪头盛装盒的支撑桌，在所述支撑 桌上开设有与所述枪头掉落口相对应的葫芦形枪头脱去口。
  13. 根据权利要求2或3所述的全自动微生物鉴定及药敏分析系统，其特征在于：所述枪头装卸装置包括设置于所述微孔板承托装置前侧的枪头废弃仓，在所述枪头废弃仓内设置有自所述整机壳体的前侧面抽出或放入的废弃枪头存放斗，在枪头废弃仓的顶壁上开设有枪头掉落口，在所述枪头掉落口上方设置有上表面带枪头盛装盒的支撑桌，在所述支撑桌上开设有与所述枪头掉落口相对应的葫芦形枪头脱去口。
  14. 根据权利要求1至10任一项所述的全自动微生物鉴定及药敏分析系统，其特征在于：所述加样单元、样本识别记录单元、载板单元、孵育单元、检测单元和板卡转移单元均由PLC控制器控制。
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