WO2020147083A1 - 油浸配电变压器 - Google Patents

油浸配电变压器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020147083A1
WO2020147083A1 PCT/CN2019/072221 CN2019072221W WO2020147083A1 WO 2020147083 A1 WO2020147083 A1 WO 2020147083A1 CN 2019072221 W CN2019072221 W CN 2019072221W WO 2020147083 A1 WO2020147083 A1 WO 2020147083A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
oil
oil storage
storage tank
distribution transformer
immersed distribution
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PCT/CN2019/072221
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
房珑
王磊
雷蕾
于晓钧
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青岛卡奥电力设备有限公司
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Application filed by 青岛卡奥电力设备有限公司 filed Critical 青岛卡奥电力设备有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2019/072221 priority Critical patent/WO2020147083A1/zh
Priority to CN201990000530.2U priority patent/CN213877775U/zh
Priority to AU2019422027A priority patent/AU2019422027A1/en
Publication of WO2020147083A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020147083A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/28—Coils; Windings; Conductive connections

Definitions

  • This application belongs to the field of transformers, and in particular relates to an oil-immersed distribution transformer.
  • Distribution transformers are important equipment in the power supply and distribution systems of industrial and mining enterprises and civil buildings. They are usually used in factories, public places, and mining projects. Distribution transformers are mainly divided into oil-immersed transformers and amorphous alloy transformers. Oil-immersed distribution transformers use transformer oil as insulation and cooling medium.
  • the structure of the existing oil-immersed distribution transformer includes an oil storage tank, which is a box structure, the oil storage tank includes an oil storage cavity for storing oil, and the oil storage tank includes a plurality of corrugated sheets arranged on the sides of the oil storage tank, which have a telescopic Function to compensate for changes in oil volume caused by temperature changes.
  • oil-immersed distribution transformers have potential safety hazards such as overload, burning, explosion, etc., once they occur, they will cause serious safety accidents and economic losses. Therefore, oil-immersed distribution transformers are required to have a higher safety level.
  • oil-immersed distribution transformers need to be FM certified before export, and meet the requirements of the corresponding countries for high-voltage performance, explosion-proof grade and environmental protection of the transformer.
  • this application proposes an oil-immersed distribution transformer.
  • An oil-immersed distribution transformer includes an oil storage tank, the oil storage tank is a box with a top surface, a bottom surface and a side surface, the oil storage tank includes an oil storage cavity for storing oil, the oil storage tank includes a plurality of devices A corrugated sheet on the side of the oil storage tank, the corrugated sheet has an inner cavity, the inner cavity is in communication with the oil storage cavity, and an elastic element is arranged between adjacent corrugated sheets; and the oil-immersed distribution transformer It also includes a pressure release element, which is in communication with the oil storage chamber and can control the communication between the oil storage chamber and the external environment to release the internal pressure of the oil storage tank.
  • the pressure release element has a caliber of 120 -125mm, the opening pressure value is 69 ⁇ 10%kPa.
  • the number of the pressure release elements is one or more, and the pressure release elements are arranged on the same surface or different surfaces of the oil storage tank.
  • the number of the pressure release elements is three and they are all arranged on the side of the oil storage tank.
  • the oil storage cavity is filled with vegetable insulating oil with an ignition point ⁇ 350°C and a flash point ⁇ 320°C.
  • the elastic element is a spring
  • the pressure release element is a pressure release valve
  • the outer surface of the oil storage tank is coated with two anticorrosive layers, the outer layer is an epoxy paint layer with a thickness of 40 ⁇ m, and the inner layer is a polyurethane paint layer with a thickness of 40 ⁇ m.
  • an iron core is provided in the oil storage tank, and the material of the iron core is silicon steel sheet.
  • the iron core jacket is provided with a low-voltage coil
  • the low-voltage coil is wound with a high-voltage coil
  • the high-voltage coil is wound by a grade A high temperature resistant enameled round copper wire
  • the winding layers are made of double-layer composite insulating paper
  • the low-voltage coil is wound by a grade A copper foil, and the winding layers are separated by a grade A rhombus dispensing insulating paper.
  • the oil-immersed distribution transformer further includes a protective device, the protective device is arranged on the top surface of the oil storage tank, and the protective device has a level indicating float capable of indicating the oil level.
  • the oil-immersed distribution transformer of this application is equipped with multiple transformer protection devices to provide multiple protections for the transformer in terms of temperature and pressure.
  • the transformer can automatically adjust the thermal balance during operation to ensure that it can maintain a relatively constant operating temperature under different temperatures.
  • the gas and pressure generated in the tank can be discharged through the pressure release valve and overflow the oil
  • the flow value is much higher than the existing standard value, which prevents the transformer explosion caused by internal pressure to the greatest extent and reduces secondary hazards.
  • the oil-immersed distribution transformer of this application uses vegetable oil with high ignition and flash points, which has a high safety factor, is degradable, and does not pollute the environment. Moreover, due to the use of vegetable oil, the transformer has a high overload capacity, ensuring long-term electricity demand. In addition, since vegetable oil is degradable and does not pollute the environment, the oil-immersed distribution transformer of the present application does not need to be provided with an oil receiving tank, which saves installation and maintenance costs.
  • the outer surface treatment of the oil storage tank of the oil-immersed distribution transformer in this application adopts a two-layer anti-corrosion process, and the anti-corrosion grade reaches the medium grade of C5M, which is the highest grade requirement in the industry. It can resist corrosion for 30 years under normal conditions and can be maintained The operation of the transformer.
  • the oil-immersed distribution transformer of the present application is equipped with multiple protection devices and is safer during operation. Therefore, the transformer can be closer to the distribution room, save space, and reduce construction engineering and material costs.
  • the iron core of the oil-immersed distribution transformer of the present application uses silicon steel sheets, which has low noise during operation, and all the dielectric materials of the oil-immersed distribution transformer of the present application do not contain toxic materials.
  • Figure 1 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of an oil-immersed distribution transformer according to an embodiment of the application
  • Figure 2 is a front view of an oil-immersed distribution transformer according to an embodiment of the application.
  • Figure 3 is a rear view of an oil-immersed distribution transformer according to an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 4 is a partial enlarged view of an oil-immersed distribution transformer according to an embodiment of the application.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a corrugated sheet according to an embodiment of the application.
  • Oil-immersed distribution transformer 2. Oil storage tank; 3. Top surface; 4. Side surface; 41, Front side surface; 42, Rear side surface; 5. Corrugated sheet; 51, inner cavity; 52, concave Slot; 6. Elastic element; 61. Elastic element protective cover; 7. Pressure release element; 8. Protective device.
  • the application relates to an oil-immersed distribution transformer, including an oil storage tank, the oil storage tank is a box with a top surface, a bottom surface and a side surface, the oil storage tank includes an oil storage cavity for storing oil, the oil storage tank includes A plurality of corrugated sheets arranged on the side of the oil storage tank, the corrugated sheet has an inner cavity, the inner cavity is in communication with the oil storage cavity, and elastic elements are arranged between adjacent corrugated sheets; and the oil immersion
  • the distribution transformer also includes a pressure release element that communicates with the oil storage chamber and can control the communication between the oil storage chamber and the external environment to release the internal pressure of the oil storage tank.
  • the caliber is 120-125 mm, and the opening pressure is 69 ⁇ 10% kPa.
  • the corrugated sheet is fabricated by folding and processing from a thin plate using a corrugated sheet folding machine, and then connected to each other by welding and reinforced locally (such as the folded part) by welding.
  • the corrugated sheet has an inner cavity formed by a folded thin plate.
  • the inner cavity is closed outwards by the bent portion of the thin plate, communicates with the oil storage cavity inward, and can be closed by welding or arranging reinforcing ribs upward and downward. .
  • the caliber of the pressure release element may be any value between 120-125 mm, for example, it may be 120 mm, 123 mm or 125 mm.
  • the opening pressure value of the pressure release element of the present application is 69 ⁇ 10%kPa, which means that the opening pressure value can be set to 69kPa, or the opening pressure value can be set to 62.1kPa or 75.9kPa or both Any value in between.
  • the pressure release element will open and release the pressure.
  • the oil-immersed distribution transformer of the present application has specific settings for the caliber and opening pressure value of the pressure release element, so that the flow value of the overflow oil when the pressure release valve is opened can reach 700 cubic feet per minute, which conforms to FM3990 According to the certification standard, the overflow oil flow value of the existing standard pressure relief valve can only reach 22 cubic feet per minute.
  • Such a high pressure release flow value ensures that when the transformer is short-circuited or abnormally faulted during operation, the gas and pressure generated in the fuel tank can be discharged instantaneously, which prevents the transformer explosion caused by internal pressure to the greatest extent and reduces secondary hazards.
  • the oil-immersed distribution transformer of the present application is further provided with corrugated sheets, and elastic elements are provided between adjacent corrugated sheets.
  • the elastic element can be arranged between the corrugated sheets in any suitable manner without departing from the gist of the present application.
  • the corrugated sheet itself plays a role of heat dissipation.
  • the insulating oil in the oil storage tank will expand due to the increase in temperature, so that the corrugated sheet will expand and deform, and the corrugated sheet itself will have a larger flow channel area, which can promote the circulation of transformer oil and enhance heat dissipation;
  • the corrugated sheet shrinks and deforms, the flow channel area becomes smaller, and the heat dissipation decreases. Therefore, by setting the corrugated sheet, the oil-immersed distribution transformer can automatically adjust the heat balance to ensure that it can maintain a relatively constant working temperature at different temperatures.
  • the elastic element is used to assist the corrugated sheet to compensate for the expansion and contraction deformation to ensure the relatively stable oil level of the transformer.
  • the number of pressure release elements is one or more, and the pressure release elements are arranged on the same surface or different surfaces of the oil storage tank. It should be understood that the number of pressure release elements and the positions on the oil storage tank can be arbitrary.
  • the oil storage cavity is filled with vegetable insulating oil with a burning point ⁇ 350°C and a flash point ⁇ 320°C.
  • the vegetable insulating oil may be, for example, FR3 of Cargi l Company or MI DEL eN of M&I MATERIALS.
  • the advantage of using vegetable insulating oil with high ignition point and flash point is higher safety, and the life of oil-immersed transformer using vegetable insulating oil is long, and the life of the dry-type transformer insulation system using epoxy resin insulation is 20 years
  • the life of the oil-immersed transformer insulation system using mineral insulating oil is 30 years. Compared with the theoretical life of the oil-immersed distribution transformer using vegetable insulating oil, it can reach 222 years, which is nearly 8 times longer.
  • the vegetable insulating oil can be completely degraded within 21 days without pollution to the environment, and due to its degradable characteristics, the oil-immersed distribution transformer of the present application does not need to install an oil pan, and there is no need to consider transformer oil leakage during transformer installation and maintenance Problems, thereby saving installation and maintenance costs.
  • the transformer is placed in a vacuum box for injection, so that the small bubbles attached to the wall and body of the oil storage tank can be completely discharged, and a good insulation effect can be achieved .
  • the elastic element is a spring
  • the pressure release element is a pressure release valve
  • the spring is a pre-compression spring.
  • the spring is a special stainless steel spring.
  • the outer surface of the oil storage tank is coated with two anticorrosion layers, the outer layer is an epoxy paint layer with a thickness of 40 ⁇ m, and the inner layer is a polyurethane paint layer with a thickness of 40 ⁇ m.
  • the advantage of coating the outer surface of the oil storage tank with two anti-corrosion layers is to improve the anti-corrosion grade of the oil-immersed distribution transformer.
  • the oil-immersed distribution transformer of this application can withstand 1000 hours of salt spray test.
  • the anti-corrosion grade reaches the medium grade of C5M, which is the highest grade requirement in the industry, and can resist corrosion for 30 years under normal environment.
  • an iron core is provided in the oil storage tank, and the material of the iron core is silicon steel sheet.
  • the iron core of this application is made of 30PT130 silicon steel sheet.
  • the advantage of selecting the silicon steel sheet as the material of the iron core is that it can make the noise of the oil-immersed distribution transformer of the present application low during operation.
  • the core jacket is provided with a low-voltage coil
  • the low-voltage coil is wound with a high-voltage coil
  • the high-voltage coil is wound with a grade A high temperature resistant enameled round copper wire and the winding layers are made of double-layer composite insulating paper. Isolation, the low-voltage coil is wound by A-grade copper foil and the winding layers are separated by A-grade rhombus dispensing insulating paper.
  • the outer coil winding coating layer of the high-voltage coil and the low-voltage coil winding is solidified to form a whole through a curing process to improve the structure of sudden short circuit; Outside the low-voltage coil, the low-voltage coil is sleeved on the iron core, and the wooden strips made of beech wood are filled tightly to make the transformer more compact and improve the overload capacity of the transformer.
  • the oil-immersed distribution transformer of the present application further includes a protective device arranged on the top surface of the oil storage tank, and the protective device has a level indicating float capable of indicating the oil level .
  • the protective device of the present application can be, for example, a transformer protection device DGPT2.
  • DGPT2 can observe the oil level of an oil-immersed distribution transformer, and when the pressure and temperature reach a preset value, the contact switch switches the circuit of DGPT2, thereby Play a role in regulating the pressure and temperature of the transformer.
  • the oil-immersed distribution transformer of the present application is equipped with multiple protection devices. By installing these protection devices, the oil-immersed distribution transformer of the present application has no permanent deformation at 48 kPa and no oil leakage or damage at 105 kPa. Compared with the existing With the 50kPa compression design standard of the transformer oil storage tank, the oil-immersed distribution transformer of this application has twice the compression requirements of ordinary transformers; because the oil-immersed distribution transformer of this application is relatively safe, the oil-immersed distribution transformer of this application is therefore safer.
  • the transformer can be closer to the power distribution room (specifically 0.9 meters) and there is no need to install a three-sided firewall. Compared with the existing transformers that require a distance from the power distribution room (at least 3 meters) and require a firewall, this application Oil-immersed distribution transformers can save 80% to 100% in construction engineering and material costs.
  • the oil-immersed distribution transformer of this application not only guarantees long-term electricity demand, but also takes into account the high voltage resistance and explosion-proof performance of the transformer, greatly reduces the potential safety hazards in the operation of the transformer, and is safe, reliable, and environmentally friendly. Application of class items.
  • This embodiment provides an oil-immersed distribution transformer 1, as shown in FIG. 1, including an oil storage tank 2.
  • the oil storage tank is a box with a top surface 3, a bottom surface (not shown), and a side surface 4.
  • the oil storage tank 2 includes An oil storage cavity for storing oil, the oil storage tank 2 includes a plurality of corrugated sheets 5 arranged on the side of the oil storage tank. Referring to Fig. 5, Fig. 5 only shows a schematic diagram of three corrugated sheets for clarity.
  • the corrugated sheet 5 has an inner cavity 51, the longitudinal section of the inner cavity 51 can be clearly seen in FIG. 5, and the inner cavity 51 is in communication with an oil storage cavity (not shown). 2, elastic elements 6 are provided between adjacent corrugated sheets 5.
  • the oil-immersed distribution transformer 1 also includes a pressure release element 7, which is in communication with the oil storage chamber and can control the communication between the oil storage chamber and the external environment to release the internal pressure of the oil storage tank 2.
  • the pressure release element 7 has a caliber of 125 Mm, the opening pressure is 62.1kPa.
  • the pressure release element is a pressure release valve, the number of which is three, two of which are provided on the front side 41 of the oil storage tank 2, and the other is provided on the AND of the oil storage tank 2.
  • the front side 41 is opposite to the rear side 42 and the three pressure release valves are opened away from the front side 41 or the rear side 42.
  • the elastic element 6 is a spring.
  • FIG. 4 shows a partial enlarged view of part A in Fig. 2.
  • a groove 52 is provided on the surface of the corrugated sheet 5 (see FIG. 5), and the elastic element 6 (ie, the spring in this embodiment) is embedded in the groove 52 through the elastic element protective sleeve 61 installed at both ends of the elastic element 6 and installed in the corresponding groove 52. Between adjacent corrugated sheets.
  • the elastic element protective cover 61 is a protective cover with a UV resistance level of 7.
  • the oil-immersed distribution transformer 1 further includes a protective device 8, which is arranged on the top surface 3 of the oil storage tank 2, and the protective device 8 has a horizontal indicator float capable of indicating the oil level (not shown in the figure). Out).
  • the structure and composition of the oil-immersed distribution transformer provided in this embodiment is the same as that of Embodiment 1, and will not be repeated here.
  • the difference from Embodiment 1 is that the pressure release valve of the oil-immersed distribution transformer in this embodiment has a diameter of 120 mm and an opening pressure value of 75.9 kPa.
  • the structure and composition of the oil-immersed distribution transformer provided in this embodiment is the same as that of Embodiment 1, and will not be repeated here.
  • the difference from Embodiment 1 is that the pressure release valve of the oil-immersed distribution transformer in this embodiment has a caliber of 123 mm and an opening pressure value of 69 kPa.

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Abstract

本申请提出一种油浸配电变压器，包括储油箱，储油箱为具有顶面、底面和侧面的箱体，储油箱包括用于储油的储油腔，储油箱包括多个设置在储油箱的侧面的波纹片，波纹片具有内腔，内腔与储油腔连通，相邻波纹片之间设置有弹性元件；并且油浸配电变压器还包括压力释放元件，压力释放元件与储油腔连通并能够控制储油腔与外界环境的连通以释放储油箱的内部压力，压力释放元件的口径为120-125毫米，开启压力值为69±10％kPa。本申请油浸配电变压器能够通过FM认证或达到国外的较高要求，既保证长期用电需求，又兼顾了变压器耐高压及防爆性能，极大降低了变压器运行中的安全隐患，而且安全、可靠、环保，适用于各类项目的应用。

Description

油浸配电变压器 技术领域
本申请属于变压器领域，尤其涉及一种油浸配电变压器。
背景技术
配电变压器为工矿企业与民用建筑供配电系统中的重要设备，通常用于工厂、公共场合、矿业类项目中。配电变压器主要分为油浸式变压器和非晶合金变压器两种。油浸配电变压器使用变压器油作为绝缘和冷却介质。
已知现有油浸配电变压器的结构。现有油浸配电变压器包括储油箱，储油箱为箱体结构，储油箱包括用于储油的储油腔，储油箱包括多个设置在所述储油箱的侧面的波纹片，其具有伸缩功能来补偿因温度变化而引起油的体积变化。
鉴于油浸配电变压器存在过负荷烧损、爆炸等安全隐患，一旦发生会造成及其严重的安全事故及经济损失，因此，要求所生产的油浸配电变压器具有较高的安全等级。此外，油浸配电变压器出口前需进行FM认证，并且满足相应国家对变压器的耐高压性能、防爆等级和环保要求。然而，现有的油浸配电变压器很难通过FM认证或达到国外的较高要求，很大程度上限制了国内变压器的出口并且使用过程中存在安全隐患。
发明内容
本申请针对上述问题，提出一种油浸配电变压器。
本申请采用的技术方案为：
一种油浸配电变压器，包括储油箱，所述储油箱为具有顶面、底面和侧面的箱体，所述储油箱包括用于储油的储油腔，所述储油箱包括多个设置在所述储油箱的侧面的波纹片，所述波纹片具有内腔，所述内腔与所述储油腔连通，相邻波纹片之间设置有弹性元件；并且所述油浸配电变压器还包括压力释放元件，所述压力释放元件与所述储油腔连通并能够控制所述储油腔与外界环境的连通以释放所述储油箱的内部压力，所述压力释放元件的口径为120-125毫米，开启压力值为69±10％kPa。
作为优选，所述压力释放元件的数量为一个或更多个，所述压力释放元件设置于所述储油箱的同一个面或不同的面。
作为优选，所述压力释放元件的数量为三个且均设置在所述储油箱的侧面。
作为优选，所述储油腔中注有燃点≥350℃且闪点≥320℃的植物绝缘油。
作为优选，所述弹性元件为弹簧，并且所述压力释放元件为压力释放阀。
作为优选，所述储油箱外表面涂覆有两层防腐层，外层为40μm厚度的环氧漆层，内层为40μm厚度的聚氨酯漆层。
作为优选，所述储油箱内设有铁芯，所述铁芯的材料为硅钢片。
作为优选，所述铁芯外套设有低压线圈，所述低压线圈外绕制有高压线圈，所述高压线圈采用A级耐高温的漆包圆铜线绕制且绕组层间采用双层复合绝缘纸进行隔离，所述低压线圈采用A级铜箔绕制且绕组层间采用A级菱格点胶绝缘纸进行隔离。
作为优选，所述油浸配电变压器还包括防护器件，所述防护器件设置在所述储油箱的顶面上，所述防护器件具有能够指示油位的水平指示浮动块。
与现有技术相比，本申请的优点和积极效果在于：
1.本申请的油浸配电变压器设有多重变压器保护装置，在温度、压力等方面对变压器提供多重保护。该变压器在运行时能够自动调节热平衡，保证其在不同温度之下能够保持相对恒定的工作温度，而且当发生短路或异常故障时，油箱内部产生的气体和压力可以通过压力释放阀排出，溢出油流量值远高于现有标准值，最大程度地防止由于内部压力导致的变压器爆炸，降低次生危害。
2.本申请的油浸配电变压器使用燃点和闪点高的植物油，安全系数高，可降解，对环境无污染。而且，由于使用植物油，使得变压器过载能力高，保证长期用电需求。另外，由于植物油可降解且对环境无污染，因此本申请的油浸配电变压器无需设置接油槽，节约了安装和维护成本。
3.本申请的油浸配电变压器储油箱外表面处理采取的是两层防腐工艺，防腐等级达到工业最高等级要求的C5M的中等等级，能够在正常环境下耐腐蚀30年，能较好维持变压器的运作。
4.由于本申请的油浸配电变压器与现有技术相比设置多重保护装置，运行时更加安全，因此该变压器可以与配电室距离较近，节省空间，从而降低施工工程和材料费用。
5.本申请的油浸配电变压器的铁芯采用硅钢片，运行时噪音较低，且本申请的油浸配电变压器的所有介质材料均不含有毒材料。
附图说明
图1为本申请一实施例油浸配电变压器的三维示意图；
图2为本申请一实施例油浸配电变压器的主视图；
图3为本申请一实施例油浸配电变压器的后视图；
图4为本申请一实施例油浸配电变压器的局部放大视图；
图5为本申请一实施例波纹片的示意图。
以上各图中：1、油浸配电变压器；2、储油箱；3、顶面；4、侧面；41、前侧面；42、后侧面；5、波纹片；51、内腔；52、凹槽；6、弹性元件；61、弹性元件保护套；7、压力释放元件；8、防护器件。
具体实施方式
下面，通过示例性的实施方式对本申请进行具体描述。然而应当理解，在没有进一步叙述的情况下，一个实施方式中的元件、结构和特征也可以有益地结合到其他实施方式中。
在本申请描述中，需要说明的是，术语“内”、“外”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。
本申请涉及一种油浸配电变压器，包括储油箱，所述储油箱为具有顶面、底面和侧面的箱体，所述储油箱包括用于储油的储油腔，所述储油箱包括多个设置在所述储油箱的侧面的波纹片，所述波纹片具有内腔，所述内腔与所述储油腔连通，相邻波纹片之间设置有弹性元件；并且所述油浸配电变压器还包括压力释放元件，所述压力释放元件与所述储油腔连通并能够控制所述储油腔与外界环境的连通以释放所述储油箱的内部压力，所述压力释放元件的口径为120-125毫米，开启压力值为69±10％kPa。
在本申请中应理解的是，波纹片是利用波纹片折叠机从薄板折叠加工，随后通过焊接相互相连并在局部(如折叠部分)通过焊接加强而制成的。由此，波纹片具有由经折叠的薄板形成的内腔，该内腔向外被薄板的折弯部封闭，向内与储油腔连通，向上及向下则可通过焊接或设置加强肋封闭。
在此应理解的是，所述压力释放元件的口径可以为120-125毫米之间的任意值，例如可以为120毫米、123毫米或125毫米。
在此应理解的是，本申请压力释放元件的开启压力值69±10％kPa，意为可将开启压力值设为69kPa，也可将开启压力值设为62.1kPa或75.9kPa或这二者之间的任意值。当储油箱的内部压力值达到开启压力值时，压力释放元件将开启并释放压力。
从以上描述可知，本申请的油浸配电变压器对压力释放元件的口径和开启压力值进行了 具体设置，使得该压力释放阀开启时溢出油的流量值能达到700立方英尺每分钟，符合FM3990认证标准，而现有标准的压力释放阀的溢出油流量值经测算仅能达到22立方英尺每分钟。如此高的压力释放流量值保证变压器在运行过程中发生短路或者异常故障时，能够瞬间排出在油箱内部产生气体和压力，最大程度地防止由于内部压力导致的变压器爆炸，降低次生危害。
从以上描述还可知，本申请的油浸配电变压器还设有波纹片，且相邻波纹片之间设有弹性元件。弹性元件可以以任何合适的方式设置在波纹片之间，不背离本申请的主旨。波纹片本身起散热作用。当变压器正常运行时，储油箱内的绝缘油会因温度升高而膨胀，从而使波纹片发生膨胀变形，波纹片其本身流道面积变大，由此可促进变压器油循环，加强散热；在绝缘油收缩时，波纹片随之发生收缩变形，流道面积变小，散热减少。因此，通过设置波纹片，该油浸配电变压器能自动调整热平衡，保证其在不同温度下，能保持相对恒定的工作温度。弹性元件用于辅助波纹片补偿性伸缩变形，保证变压器油位的相对稳定。
在一个优选的实施方式中，压力释放元件的数量为一个或更多个，压力释放元件设置于所述储油箱的同一个面或不同的面。对此应理解的是，压力释放元件的数量和设置在储油箱上的位置可以是任意的。
在一个优选的实施方式中，所述储油腔中注有燃点≥350℃且闪点≥320℃的植物绝缘油。该植物绝缘油例如可以是Cargi l l公司的FR3或M&I MATERIALS公司的MI DEL eN。
使用燃点和闪点高的植物绝缘油的优点在于较高的安全性，且使用植物绝缘油的油浸式变压器的寿命长，与采用环氧树脂绝缘的干式变压器绝缘系统的寿命为20年、采用矿物绝缘油的油浸式变压器绝缘系统的寿命为30年相比，使用植物绝缘油的油浸配电变压器理论寿命可达222年，提高将近8倍。此外，植物绝缘油可在21天内完全降解，对环境无污染，而且由于其可降解特性，本申请的油浸配电变压器不需要安装接油盘，变压器安装和维护时，无需考虑变压器油泄露的问题，从而节约安装和维护成本。
此外更优选地，植物绝缘油在真空滤油机处理后，将变压器置于真空箱中进行注入，由此可以完全将附着在储油箱箱壁和器身上的小气泡排出，实现良好的绝缘效果。
在一个优选的实施方式中，弹性元件为弹簧，压力释放元件为压力释放阀。
更优选地，弹簧为预压缩弹簧。
特别地，弹簧为特质不锈钢弹簧。
在一个优选的实施方式中，储油箱外表面涂覆有两层防腐层，外层为40μm厚度的环氧漆层，内层为40μm厚度的聚氨酯漆层。
对储油箱外表面涂覆两层防腐层的优点在于提高油浸配电变压器的防腐等级。经实验证明，本申请油浸配电变压器可以耐受1000个小时的盐雾试验。防腐等级达到工业最高等级要求的C5M的中等等级，能够在正常环境下耐腐蚀30年。
在一个优选的实施方式中，储油箱内设有铁芯，铁芯的材料为硅钢片。
更优选地，本申请铁芯采用30PT130硅钢片制成。
由于硅钢片磁滞变化小，因此选用硅钢片用作铁芯的材料的优势在于能够使本申请油浸配电变压器运行时噪音小。
在一个优选的实施方式中，铁芯外套设有低压线圈，低压线圈外绕制有高压线圈，高压线圈采用A级耐高温的漆包圆铜线绕制且绕组层间采用双层复合绝缘纸进行隔离，低压线圈采用A级铜箔绕制且绕组层间采用A级菱格点胶绝缘纸进行隔离。
更优选地，高压线圈及低压线圈经绕制并绝缘隔离处理后，经固化工艺将高压线圈及低压线圈绕组的外侧线圈绕组包覆层固化形成整体，以提高突发短路的结构；高压线圈绕制在低压线圈外，低压线圈套在铁芯上，并由榉木做成的木条填实塞紧，使变压器更加紧实，提高变压器的过载能力。
在一个优选的实施方式中，本申请的油浸配电变压器还包括防护器件，所述防护器件设置在所述储油箱的顶面上，所述防护器件具有能够指示油位的水平指示浮动块。
在此，本申请的防护器件例如可以为变压器保护装置DGPT2，DGPT2可以观察油浸配电变压器的油位，并当压力和温度达到预先设定的值时，触点开关切换DGPT2的电路，从而起到对变压器的压力和温度进行调控的作用。
由上述描述可知，本申请油浸配电变压器设置有多重保护装置，通过安装这些保护装置使得本申请油浸配电变压器在48kPa下无永久变形、105kPa下无漏油或者破损，相对于现有变压器储油箱50kPa的抗压设计标准，本申请的油浸配电变压器在抗压要求上是普通变压器的两倍；由于本申请油浸配电变压器安全性较高，因此本申请油浸配电变压器可以和配电室距离更近(具体地为0.9米)且无需设置三面防火墙，相比于现有变压器距配电室的距离要求(至少3米)且需设置防火墙的设置方式，本申请油浸配电变压器在施工工程和材料费用上可以节省80％到100％。
综上所述，本申请油浸配电变压器既保证长期用电需求，又兼顾了变压器耐高压及防爆性能，极大降低了变压器运行中的安全隐患，而且安全、可靠、环保，适用于各类项目的应用。
下面将参照附图阐述本申请油浸配电变压器的几个实施例。应理解的是，以下实施例仅对本申请油浸配电变压器的结构进行阐述，其余参数如材料、线圈内部设置、缠绕方式等可参照上述描述与以下实施例自由组合。
实施例1
本实施例提供了一种油浸配电变压器1，如图1所示，包括储油箱2，储油箱为具有顶面3、底面(未示出)和侧面4的箱体，储油箱2包括用于储油的储油腔，储油箱2包括多个设置在储油箱的侧面的波纹片5。参照图5，为了清楚起见图5仅示出了三个波纹片的示意图。波纹片5具有内腔51，在图5中可清楚看到内腔51的纵截面，内腔51与储油腔(未示出)连通。参照图2，相邻波纹片5之间设置有弹性元件6。油浸配电变压器1还包括压力释放元件7，压力释放元件7与储油腔连通并能够控制储油腔与外界环境的连通以释放储油箱2的内部压力，压力释放元件7的口径为125毫米，开启压力值为62.1kPa。
在本实施例中，参照图1至图3，压力释放元件为压力释放阀，其个数为三个，其中两个设置在储油箱2的前侧面41，另一个设置在储油箱2的与前侧面41相对的后侧面42，且这三个压力释放阀远离前侧面41或后侧面42开口。
在本实施例中，参照图2至图4，弹性元件6为弹簧。
弹性元件6的具体结构参见图4。图4示出了图2中A部分的局部放大图。在波纹片5的表面上设置凹槽52(参见图5)，弹性元件6(即本实施例中的弹簧)通过其两端装有的弹性元件保护套61嵌入凹槽52内，安装在相邻的波纹片之间。
优选地，弹性元件保护套61为抗UV等级为7级的保护套。
在本实施例中，油浸配电变压器1还包括防护器件8，防护器件8设置在储油箱2的顶面3上，防护器件8具有能够指示油位的水平指示浮动块(图中未示出)。
实施例2
本实施例提供的油浸配电变压器，其结构组成同实施例1，在此不再赘述。与实施例1不同的是，在本实施例中的油浸配电变压器的压力释放阀的口径为120毫米，开启压力值为75.9kPa。
实施例3
本实施例提供的油浸配电变压器，其结构组成同实施例1，在此不再赘述。与实施例1不同的是，在本实施例中的油浸配电变压器的压力释放阀的口径为123毫米，开启压力值为69kPa。
以上所述，仅是本申请的较佳实施例而已，并非是对本申请作其它形式的限制，任何熟悉本专业的技术人员可能利用上述揭示的技术内容加以变更或改型为等同变化的等效实施例应用于其它领域，但是凡是未脱离本申请技术方案内容，依据本申请的技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何简单修改、等同变化与改型，仍属于本申请技术方案的保护范围。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种油浸配电变压器，包括储油箱，所述储油箱为具有顶面、底面和侧面的箱体，所述储油箱包括用于储油的储油腔，其特征在于，所述储油箱包括多个设置在所述储油箱的侧面的波纹片，所述波纹片具有内腔，所述内腔与所述储油腔连通，相邻波纹片之间设置有弹性元件；并且
    所述油浸配电变压器还包括压力释放元件，所述压力释放元件与所述储油腔连通并能够控制所述储油腔与外界环境的连通以释放所述储油箱的内部压力，所述压力释放元件的口径为120-125毫米，开启压力值为69±10％kPa。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的油浸配电变压器，其特征在于，所述压力释放元件的数量为一个或更多个，所述压力释放元件设置于所述储油箱的同一个面或不同的面。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的油浸配电变压器，其特征在于，所述压力释放元件的数量为三个且均设置在所述储油箱的侧面。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的油浸配电变压器，其特征在于，所述储油腔中注有燃点≥350℃且闪点≥320℃的植物绝缘油。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的油浸配电变压器，其特征在于，所述弹性元件为弹簧，并且所述压力释放元件为压力释放阀。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的油浸配电变压器，其特征在于，所述储油箱外表面涂覆有两层防腐层，外层为40μm厚度的环氧漆层，内层为40μm厚度的聚氨酯漆层。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的油浸配电变压器，其特征在于，所述储油箱内设有铁芯，所述铁芯的材料为硅钢片。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的油浸配电变压器，其特征在于，所述铁芯外套设有低压线圈，所述低压线圈外绕制有高压线圈，所述高压线圈采用A级耐高温的漆包圆铜线绕制且绕组层间采用双层复合绝缘纸进行隔离，所述低压线圈采用A级铜箔绕制且绕组层间采用A级菱格点胶绝缘纸进行隔离。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的油浸配电变压器，其特征在于，所述油浸配电变压器还包括防护器件，所述防护器件设置在所述储油箱的顶面上，所述防护器件具有能够指示油位的水平指示浮动块。
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CN101192465A (zh) * 2006-11-22 2008-06-04 上海置信电气非晶有限公司 非晶合金单相油浸式配电变压器
CN102568762A (zh) * 2010-12-07 2012-07-11 周玉春 膨胀保护装置
JP2013131511A (ja) * 2011-12-20 2013-07-04 Aichi Electric Co Ltd 変圧器
CN104616867A (zh) * 2015-02-12 2015-05-13 扬州华鼎电器有限公司 一种节能型全密封式高过载油浸配电变压器

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CN101192465A (zh) * 2006-11-22 2008-06-04 上海置信电气非晶有限公司 非晶合金单相油浸式配电变压器
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