WO2020140641A1 - 一种电池包及车辆 - Google Patents

一种电池包及车辆 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020140641A1
WO2020140641A1 PCT/CN2019/120009 CN2019120009W WO2020140641A1 WO 2020140641 A1 WO2020140641 A1 WO 2020140641A1 CN 2019120009 W CN2019120009 W CN 2019120009W WO 2020140641 A1 WO2020140641 A1 WO 2020140641A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery
battery module
battery pack
module
electrode terminal
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/120009
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
史东洋
陈兴地
周灵刚
王鹏
林永寿
项延火
Original Assignee
宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2020140641A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020140641A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
    • B60L50/64—Constructional details of batteries specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
    • H01M50/574—Devices or arrangements for the interruption of current
    • H01M50/579—Devices or arrangements for the interruption of current in response to shock
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
    • B60L50/66—Arrangements of batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/209—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for prismatic or rectangular cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/233—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions
    • H01M50/242—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions adapted for protecting batteries against vibrations, collision impact or swelling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/249—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/258—Modular batteries; Casings provided with means for assembling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/262—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders with fastening means, e.g. locks
    • H01M50/264—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders with fastening means, e.g. locks for cells or batteries, e.g. straps, tie rods or peripheral frames
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/289—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by spacing elements or positioning means within frames, racks or packs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/502—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing
    • H01M50/505—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing comprising a single busbar
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/543—Terminals
    • H01M50/547—Terminals characterised by the disposition of the terminals on the cells
    • H01M50/55—Terminals characterised by the disposition of the terminals on the cells on the same side of the cell
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/543—Terminals
    • H01M50/552—Terminals characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/553—Terminals adapted for prismatic, pouch or rectangular cells
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • B60K2001/0405—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion characterised by their position
    • B60K2001/0438—Arrangement under the floor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
    • B60Y2200/90—Vehicles comprising electric prime movers
    • B60Y2200/91—Electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2400/00—Special features of vehicle units
    • B60Y2400/11—Electric energy storages
    • B60Y2400/112—Batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/218—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material
    • H01M50/22—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material of the casings or racks
    • H01M50/222—Inorganic material
    • H01M50/224—Metals
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of energy storage equipment, in particular to a battery pack and a vehicle.
  • the secondary battery has the advantages of large energy density, long service life, energy saving and environmental protection, and is widely used in new energy vehicles.
  • a plurality of battery cells are stacked and electrically connected to each other through a bus bar to form a battery module, and then a plurality of battery modules are assembled in the box and electrically connected to each other through a wire to form a battery pack.
  • the drive motor is electrically connected. Since the car will inevitably have traffic accidents such as rollovers and side impacts during driving, these traffic accidents may cause the side of the battery pack on the car to be deformed under pressure.
  • the case of the battery pack is usually made of a conductive metal, which is easy to collapse into the battery pack when impacted, which may cause the electrical connection between the internal parts of the battery pack and the case to form a short circuit, which may cause the battery pack to catch fire and explode. Serious consequences.
  • a battery pack including:
  • a box body including an upper box cover and a lower box body, the upper box cover and the lower box body are sealingly arranged and form a containing cavity;
  • each of the battery modules includes a plurality of battery cells electrically connected to each other by a plurality of first bus bars,
  • Each of the battery cells includes a battery case, a first electrode terminal, and a second electrode terminal, and the first electrode terminal and the second electrode terminal are both provided on the first surface of the battery case.
  • the plurality of battery modules include a first battery module located at the outermost end of the battery pack along the horizontal direction, and a second battery module located at the outermost side of the battery pack at the other end of the horizontal direction ;
  • the first electrode terminal of each battery cell in the first battery module and each of the second electrode terminals face the second battery module, each battery in the second battery module
  • the first electrode terminal of each cell and each of the second electrode terminals face the first battery module.
  • the size of the battery case in the horizontal direction is larger than the size of the battery case in the vertical direction.
  • the battery case includes two second surfaces and two third surfaces, the area of the second surface is larger than the area of the first surface and larger than the area of the third surface, the two The second surfaces face each other along the vertical direction, the two third surfaces face each other along the horizontal direction, and the first surface, the second surface, and the third surface are connected in twos .
  • the horizontal direction is the width direction of the battery pack; or, the horizontal direction is the length direction of the battery pack.
  • the number of the plurality of battery modules is an even number
  • the battery case includes a fourth surface facing the first surface; any two adjacent battery modules, one The first surface of the battery module and the first surface of the other battery module face each other, or the fourth surface of one battery module and the fourth surface of the other battery module The surfaces face each other.
  • the battery case includes a fourth surface facing the first surface; of two adjacent battery modules, the first surface of one battery module and the other The first surfaces of the battery modules face each other, and a partition plate is provided between the two adjacent battery modules.
  • the number of the plurality of battery modules is an odd number
  • the battery case includes a fourth surface facing each other with the first surface; wherein, the first surface of one battery module and the other The fourth surfaces of one of the battery modules face each other; the other battery modules except the one battery module are defined as a battery module assembly, and any two adjacent ones of the battery module assembly In the battery module, the first surface of one battery module and the first surface of the other battery module face each other, or the fourth surface of one battery module and the other The fourth surfaces of the battery module face each other.
  • the plurality of battery modules are electrically connected to each other through a second bus bar, where the second bus bar is located at the same end of the battery module.
  • the battery module further includes: a cable tie surrounding the outer periphery of the plurality of battery cells, the cable tie includes a long side and a short side, the long side and the top surface of the battery module or the The bottom surfaces of the battery modules face each other and extend in the horizontal direction, and the short sides and the side surfaces of the battery module face each other and extend in the vertical direction.
  • the battery module further includes: two end plates respectively disposed at both ends of the plurality of battery cells; the cable tie surrounds the outer circumferences of the plurality of battery cells and the two end plates .
  • the number of layers of the battery cells stacked in the vertical direction is 2 or 3 layers.
  • the present invention also provides another technical solution: a vehicle, including a vehicle body; and a battery pack, the battery pack is any one of the above technical solutions, the battery pack is provided in The bottom of the vehicle body; wherein the first battery module and the second battery module are located on both sides of the vehicle body in the width direction; or, the first battery module and the second battery module are located on the The two sides of the vehicle body in the longitudinal direction are described.
  • the battery pack of the above technical solution includes a plurality of battery modules, and among the plurality of battery modules, the battery module located at the outermost side of one end of the battery pack along the horizontal direction is defined as the first battery module.
  • the battery module located at the outermost side of the other end of the battery pack along the horizontal direction is defined as a second battery module, wherein each first electrode terminal and each second electrode terminal in the first battery module face the second
  • each first electrode terminal and each second electrode terminal in the second battery module face the first battery module, that is, all electrode terminals on the first battery module and the second battery module face the middle of the battery pack .
  • the probability that the inner wall of the box contacts the first electrode terminal and the second electrode terminal in the battery module can be reduced, thereby effectively reducing the short circuit risk of the battery pack, thereby improving the battery pack safety.
  • FIG. 1 is an exploded view of the battery pack according to a specific embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the battery pack according to a specific embodiment.
  • FIG 3 is an exploded view of the battery pack according to a specific embodiment.
  • FIG. 4 is an exploded view of the battery pack according to a specific embodiment.
  • FIG 5 is an exploded view of the battery pack according to a specific embodiment.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the positional relationship between the separator and the battery module according to the specific embodiment.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery module according to a specific embodiment.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery cell according to a specific embodiment.
  • FIG 9 is an exploded view of the battery cell according to the specific embodiment.
  • FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of the electrode assembly of the wound structure according to the specific embodiment taken along line D-D in FIG. 9.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the outline of the cross-sectional structure electrode assembly according to the specific embodiment taken along the line D-D in FIG. 9.
  • FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of the electrode assembly of the laminated structure according to the specific embodiment taken along line D-D in FIG. 9.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery module according to a specific embodiment.
  • FIG. 14 is an exploded view of the battery module shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of the end plate according to a specific embodiment.
  • connection refers to more than two; the terms “connection” and “fixation” should be understood in a broad sense.
  • connection may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection, Or electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediary.
  • the direction indicated by arrow A is the length direction
  • the direction indicated by arrow B is the width direction
  • the direction indicated by arrow C is the vertical direction.
  • the horizontal direction is a direction parallel to the horizontal plane, and may be the above-mentioned longitudinal direction or the above-mentioned width direction.
  • the horizontal direction includes not only the direction absolutely parallel to the horizontal plane, but also the direction generally parallel to the horizontal plane conventionally recognized in engineering.
  • the vertical direction is a direction perpendicular to the horizontal plane.
  • the vertical direction includes not only the direction absolutely perpendicular to the horizontal plane, but also the direction generally perpendicular to the horizontal plane conventionally recognized in engineering.
  • directional words such as "upper”, “lower”, “top”, and “bottom” described in this application are all understood relative to the vertical direction.
  • a vehicle in an embodiment, includes a vehicle body and a battery pack.
  • the battery pack is disposed on the vehicle body.
  • the battery pack is described in any of the embodiments shown in FIGS. 1 to 5. ⁇ 200 ⁇
  • the battery pack 200 is provided at the bottom of the vehicle body.
  • the first battery module 100-1 and the second battery module 100-2 of the plurality of battery modules 100 are respectively located on both sides of the vehicle body in the width direction.
  • the first battery module 100-1 and the second battery module 100-2 of the plurality of battery modules 100 may also be located on both sides of the vehicle body in the longitudinal direction, respectively.
  • the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body and the width direction of the vehicle body here are for normal vehicle placement.
  • the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body refers to the direction in which the front of the vehicle points to the rear of the vehicle.
  • the width direction of the vehicle body refers to the direction in which the side of the car points to the other side of the car.
  • the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body and the width direction of the vehicle body are substantially parallel to the horizontal plane.
  • the vehicle is a new energy vehicle.
  • the vehicle may be a pure electric vehicle, or a hybrid vehicle or an extended range vehicle.
  • a driving motor is provided in the vehicle body.
  • the driving motor is electrically connected to the battery pack 200.
  • the battery pack 200 provides electrical energy for the driving motor.
  • the driving motor is connected to the wheels on the vehicle body through a transmission mechanism to drive the car to travel.
  • the battery pack 200 may be horizontally arranged at the bottom of the vehicle body.
  • the first battery module 100-1 is close to one end in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body
  • the second battery module 100-2 is close to the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body On the other end.
  • the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body is the direction indicated by the direction A in FIG. 1.
  • the width direction of the vehicle body is the direction indicated by direction B in FIG. 1.
  • the battery pack 200 includes a case 20 and a plurality of battery modules 100.
  • the box body 20 includes an upper box cover 220 and a lower box body 210.
  • the lower box body 210 and the upper box cover 220 cooperate to form a closed box body with a containing cavity 250, and a plurality of battery modules 100 are arranged in the containing cavity 250.
  • the box 20 can be made of aluminum, aluminum alloy or other metal materials.
  • a plurality of battery modules 100 are disposed in the accommodating cavity 250 of the case 20, and the plurality of battery modules 100 are along the horizontal direction (ie, may be along the length direction indicated by the arrow A, or It may be arranged along the width direction indicated by arrow B).
  • the plurality of battery modules 100 are arranged in the direction indicated by arrow A, where the direction indicated by arrow A is the length direction of the vehicle body; in FIG. 2, multiple battery modules 100 are arranged along The direction indicated by arrow B is arranged, wherein the direction indicated by arrow B is the width direction of the vehicle body.
  • the battery module 100 located at the outermost end of the battery pack at one end in the horizontal direction is defined as the first battery module 100-1
  • the battery module at the other end in the horizontal direction is defined
  • the battery module 100 at the outermost end of one end is defined as the second battery module 100-2.
  • the first battery module 100-1 is located at the outermost side of the end of the battery pack in the direction indicated by arrow A
  • the second battery module 100-2 is located at the other end of the battery pack in the direction indicated by arrow A
  • the first battery module 100-1 is located at the outermost end of the battery pack in the direction of arrow B
  • the second battery module 100-2 is located at the other end of the battery pack in the direction of arrow B Outside.
  • Each first electrode terminal 131 and each second electrode terminal 132 in the first battery module 100-1 face the second battery module 100-2, and each first electrode in the second battery module 100-2
  • the terminal 131 and each second electrode terminal 132 face the first battery module 100-1. That is, all the first electrode terminals 131 and the second electrode terminals 132 in the first battery module 100-1 and the second battery module 100-2 face the middle of the battery pack.
  • the first electrode terminal 131 and the second electrode terminal 132 in the first battery module 100-1 both face the second battery module 100-2
  • the second battery both face the first battery module 100-1.
  • a separator 7 is provided between any two adjacent battery modules. Specifically, in any two adjacent battery modules, a separator 7 is provided between the side where the first electrode terminal 131 of one battery module and the second electrode terminal 132 of the other battery module are located.
  • the isolation plate 7 can be made of insulating and high temperature resistant materials, such as asbestos plate, mica plate, etc. The separator 7 can prevent the first electrode terminal 131 and the second electrode terminal 132 in two adjacent battery modules 100 from being short-circuited when the battery pack 200 strikes, thereby further improving the safety of the battery pack.
  • the battery module 100 includes a plurality of battery cells 1 arranged in a horizontal direction (for example, along the direction indicated by arrow A) and electrically connected to the plurality of battery cells 1 Multiple first busbars 5.
  • the battery cell 1 is a secondary battery that can be repeatedly charged and discharged, and the plurality of battery cells 1 are realized in series, parallel, or mixed connection through a plurality of first bus bars 5.
  • the battery module 100 further includes a plurality of battery cells 1 arranged in the vertical direction.
  • the dimension L of the battery module 100 in the horizontal direction is greater than the dimension H of the battery module 100 in the vertical direction, that is, the dimension L of the battery module 100 in the direction indicated by arrow A in FIG. 7 is greater than the dimension H in the direction indicated by arrow C.
  • the structure of the battery cell 1 is shown in FIG. 8.
  • the battery cell 1 includes a battery case 12, a first electrode terminal 131 and a second electrode terminal 132.
  • the first electrode terminal 131 and the second electrode terminal 132 are both provided in the battery case ⁇ 12 ⁇ 110 ⁇
  • the battery case 12 may be made of metal materials such as aluminum, aluminum alloy or nickel-plated steel, and the battery case 12 may have a rectangular box shape.
  • the first electrode terminal 131 may be a positive electrode terminal, and the second electrode terminal 132 may be a negative electrode terminal. Similarly, in other embodiments, the first electrode terminal 131 may also be a negative electrode terminal, and the second electrode terminal 132 may be Positive electrode terminal.
  • the battery pack 200 has an even number of battery modules 100 (including the first battery module 100-1 and the second battery module 100-2).
  • Each battery module 100 includes a plurality of battery cells 1 arranged in a horizontal direction electrically connected to each other by a plurality of first bus bars 5.
  • the battery case 12 of each battery cell 1 includes a first surface 110 provided with a first electrode terminal 131 and a second electrode terminal 132, and a fourth surface 140 facing the first surface 110 with each other.
  • the positional relationship between the first surface 110 and the fourth surface 140 on the case 12 can be referred to the battery cell structure diagram shown in FIG. 8.
  • the first surface 110 of one battery module 100 and the first surface 100 of the other battery module 100 face each other, or the fourth surface of one battery module 100 140 and the fourth surface 140 of another battery module 100 face each other.
  • the first surface 110 of one battery module 100 faces the first surface 110 of another adjacent battery module 100, on the one hand, it can be convenient
  • the adjacent two battery modules 100 are electrically connected by a bus bar.
  • it is also beneficial for insulating and protecting live parts such as the first electrode terminal 131, the second electrode terminal 132, and the first bus bar 5. Insulation can be achieved by setting only one separator 7 between any two adjacent battery modules 100, thereby reducing the number of separators 7 and improving the energy density of the battery pack.
  • the battery pack 200 has an odd number of battery modules 100 (including the first battery module 100-1 and the second battery module 100-2).
  • each battery module 100 includes a plurality of first busbars
  • the rows 5 are a plurality of battery cells 1 arranged in a horizontal direction electrically coupled to each other, wherein the battery case 12 of the battery cells 1 includes a first surface 110 and a fourth surface 140 facing the first surface 110 mutually.
  • one of the battery modules in the middle of the battery pack is defined as the third battery module 100-3
  • the other battery module in the middle of the battery pack is defined as the third Four battery module 100-4.
  • other battery modules 100 can be realized: in any two adjacent battery modules 100, the first surface 110 of one battery module 100 and the other The first surfaces 110 of one battery module 100 face each other, or the fourth surface 140 of one battery module 100 and the fourth surface 140 of another battery module 100 face each other.
  • the first surface 110 of one battery module 100 faces the first surface 110 of another adjacent battery module 100 as much as possible. Therefore, on the one hand, it is convenient to electrically connect two adjacent battery modules 100 through the bus bar, and on the other hand, it is also beneficial to insulate the live parts such as the first electrode terminal 131, the second electrode terminal 132, and the first bus bar 5. It can be protected, and insulation can be achieved by setting only one isolation plate 7 between two adjacent battery modules 100, thereby reducing the number of isolation plates 7 and improving the energy density of the battery pack.
  • the separator 7 is also located on the adjacent two battery modules 100 Between the explosion-proof valves of the battery cell 1.
  • the isolation plate 7 By setting the isolation plate 7, the high-temperature flame generated when the explosion-proof valve of the battery cell 1 bursts can be prevented from being directly sprayed onto the other battery cell 1 on the opposite side, thereby avoiding the thermal runaway of the entire battery pack and improving the safety of the battery pack 200 Sex.
  • the isolation plate 7 can be a mica plate. Because the mica plate has good insulation and a high melting point (1723°C), it can meet the fire resistance requirements, and the mica plate has excellent processing performance. Of course, in other embodiments, the isolation plate 7 may also use other insulating and high temperature resistant materials, and is not limited to the implementation of the mica plate. In this embodiment, two adjacent battery modules 100 can share one separator 7, which reduces the number of separators 7 used, thereby further improving the energy density of the battery pack 200.
  • the battery cell 1 has a roughly hexahedral structure and includes a battery case 12 including a first surface 110, a fourth surface 140, two second surfaces 120 and two
  • the three surfaces 130, the first surface 110 and the fourth surface 140 are substantially parallel to each other, and all are substantially parallel to the vertical direction.
  • the first electrode terminal 131 and the second electrode terminal 132 are provided on the first surface 110.
  • the fourth surface 140 and the first surface 110 face each other, and the two second surfaces 120 face each other.
  • the two third planes 130 face each other and are substantially parallel to the vertical direction.
  • the third surface 130 is connected to the first surface 110 and the second surface 120 in pairs, and further, the two are perpendicular to each other.
  • the area of the second surface 120 is greater than the area of the first surface 110 and greater than the area of the third surface 130.
  • the battery cell 1 includes a battery case 12 and an electrode assembly 11.
  • the battery case 12 may be made of metal materials such as aluminum, aluminum alloy, or nickel-plated steel.
  • the battery case 12 may have a hexahedral shape or other Shaped, and having an opening, the electrode assembly 11 is accommodated in the battery case 12.
  • the opening of the battery case 12 is covered with a cover plate assembly 13 including a cover plate and an electrode terminal provided on the cover plate, the electrode terminal including a first electrode terminal 131 and a second electrode terminal 132, wherein the first electrode
  • the terminal 131 may be a positive electrode terminal
  • the second electrode terminal 132 is a negative electrode terminal.
  • the first electrode terminal 131 may also be a negative electrode terminal
  • the second electrode terminal 132 is a positive electrode terminal
  • the cover plate may be made of metal materials such as aluminum and aluminum alloy, and the size of the cover plate is adapted to the opening of the battery case 12.
  • the electrode terminal can be fixed to the cover plate by welding or by fixing pieces such as rivets.
  • the tabs of the electrode assembly 11 are electrically connected to the electrode terminals on the cover plate through the adapter sheet 14.
  • two electrode assemblies 11 are provided in the battery case 12, and the two electrode assemblies 11 are stacked in the vertical direction (the direction indicated by arrow C).
  • one electrode assembly 11 may also be provided in the battery case 12, or more than three electrode assemblies 11 may be provided in the battery case.
  • the plurality of electrode assemblies 11 are stacked in the vertical direction (the direction indicated by arrow C).
  • the electrode assembly 11 includes a first pole piece 111, a second pole piece 112, and a separator 113 disposed between the first pole piece 111 and the second pole piece 112 .
  • the first pole piece 111 may be a positive pole piece
  • the second pole piece 112 may be a negative pole piece.
  • the first pole piece 111 may also be a negative pole piece
  • the second electrode is a positive pole piece.
  • the diaphragm 113 is an insulator between the first pole piece 111 and the second pole piece 112.
  • the active material of the positive electrode sheet may be coated on the coating area of the positive electrode sheet, and the active material of the negative electrode sheet may be coated on the coating area of the negative electrode sheet.
  • the part extending from the coating area of the positive electrode sheet serves as the positive electrode tab; the part extending from the coating region of the negative electrode sheet serves as the negative electrode tab.
  • the positive tab is connected to the positive electrode terminal on the cover plate assembly 13 through the positive adapter tab, and similarly, the negative tab is connected to the negative electrode terminal on the cover plate assembly 13 through the negative tab.
  • the electrode assembly 11 has a wound structure, in which the first pole piece 111, the separator 113, and the second pole piece 112 are all strip-shaped structures, and the first pole piece 111, the separator 113, and the first The dipole pieces 112 are sequentially stacked and wound two or more times to form the electrode assembly 11, and the electrode assembly 11 is flat.
  • the electrode assembly 11 may be first wound into a hollow cylindrical structure, and then flattened after being wound.
  • the outer surface of the electrode assembly 11 includes two flat surfaces 114, the two flat surfaces 114 face each other in the vertical direction (the direction indicated by arrow C), that is, the flat surface 114 and The second surface 120 of the battery case 12 is oppositely arranged.
  • the electrode assembly 11 is substantially a hexahedral structure, and the flat surface 114 is substantially parallel to the winding axis and is the outer surface with the largest area.
  • the flat surface 114 may be a relatively flat surface, and is not required to be purely flat.
  • the two flat surfaces 114 are relative to the narrow sides 115 on both sides of the electrode assembly 11, and the area of the flat surfaces 114 is larger than the narrow sides 115 on both sides of the electrode assembly 11.
  • the electrode assembly 11 has a laminated structure, that is, the electrode assembly 11 has a plurality of first pole pieces 111 and a plurality of second pole pieces 112, and the separator 113 is disposed between the first pole pieces 111 and the first Diode 112.
  • the first pole piece 111, the diaphragm 113, and the second pole piece 112 are stacked in this order.
  • the first pole piece 111, the diaphragm 113, and the second pole piece 112 are stacked in the vertical direction (the direction indicated by arrow C).
  • the electrode assembly 11 Since the electrode assembly 11 inevitably expands in the thickness direction of the pole piece during charging and discharging (in the electrode assembly 11 of the wound structure, the expansion force is greatest in the direction perpendicular to the flat surface 114; in the laminated structure In the electrode assembly 11, the expansion force along the stacking direction of the first pole piece 111 and the second pole piece 112 is the largest).
  • the direction in which the electrode assembly 11 applies the maximum expansion force to the battery case 12 is all toward the horizontal direction. Since the size of the battery module 100 in the horizontal direction is much larger than the size in the vertical direction (for example, due to the height limitation of the chassis of the vehicle, more battery cells 1 need to be stacked in the horizontal direction, and the accumulation of expansion force is large ), therefore, the expansion force of the existing battery module 100 in the horizontal direction is very large, so it is necessary to provide very thick end plates on both sides of the horizontal direction of the battery module 100 to resist the expansion force, and thickening the end plate will reduce the battery The energy density of the module 100.
  • the electrode assembly 11 may be a wound structure or a laminated structure.
  • the flat surface 114 faces the vertical direction.
  • the first pole piece 111 and the second pole piece 112 are laminated in the vertical direction. It can be seen that, whether the electrode assembly 11 adopts the wound structure or the laminated structure, the direction in which the electrode assembly 11 exerts the maximum expansion force on the battery case 12 is oriented in the vertical direction.
  • the direction in which the electrode assembly 11 applies the maximum expansion force to the battery case 12 is toward the vertical direction, and the number of battery cells stacked in the vertical direction is small. Therefore, compared with the prior art, the present embodiment can reduce the maximum expansion force of the battery module 100, and therefore a smaller volume end plate can be selected to improve the energy density of the battery module 100.
  • the number of layers of battery cells 1 stacked in the vertical direction is 2 layers. In other embodiments, the number of battery cells 1 stacked in the vertical direction may be 1-5. Preferably, the number of layers of the battery cells 1 stacked in the vertical direction is 2 or 3 layers.
  • the ratio of the size of the battery module 100 in the horizontal direction to the size of the battery module 100 in the vertical direction is greater than or equal to 4.
  • the battery cell 1 Since the battery cell 1 also generates gas inside the battery case 12 during charging and discharging, the generated gas exerts a force on the battery case 12, thereby aggravating the outward expansion of the battery case 12. Since the area of the second surface 120 of the present embodiment is larger than the area 110 of the first surface, and the two second surfaces 120 in the battery cell 1 face each other in the vertical direction, the generated gas exerts an effect on the battery case 12 The direction of the maximum force is also toward the vertical direction. Compared with the prior art, the maximum expansion force of the battery module 100 is further reduced.
  • the battery cell 1 Due to the structural limitation of the car chassis (the car chassis for accommodating the battery pack, its vertical dimension is much smaller than the width dimension or horizontal dimension), and in this embodiment, the battery cell 1
  • the two surfaces 120 are oriented in the vertical direction (direction indicated by arrow C), and the size of the original battery cell 1 in the vertical direction is changed to the current width direction (direction indicated by arrow B), in the same battery cell 1
  • reducing the size of the battery pack in the vertical direction of the car chassis, and rationally using the width and horizontal dimensions of the car chassis are more in line with the needs of new energy vehicles for battery packs.
  • the first electrode terminal 131 and the second electrode terminal 132 on the battery cell 1 may be provided on the first surface 110 of the battery case 12, so the first bus bar connected to the electrode terminal 5 is also located on the side of the first surface 110. Since the space of the battery module 100 in the vertical direction is more valuable than the space in other directions, and the bus bar is provided on one side of the first surface 110, the space on the side of the battery module 100 can be fully utilized, and the vertical height of the battery module 100 can be reduced. Straight dimension. Especially when the battery module 100 is applied to an automobile, (the battery module 100 is usually provided at the bottom of the automobile), by reducing the vertical dimension of the battery module 100, the ground clearance of the bottom of the automobile can be increased, which is beneficial to improve the Barrier ability.
  • the battery module 100 includes a cable tie 3 that surrounds the outer peripheries of a plurality of battery cells 1 and is connected end to end, thereby connecting the plurality of battery cells 1 tied together.
  • the cable tie 3 can be made of nylon, polypropylene or polyvinyl chloride and other materials, and has good flexibility.
  • the cable tie is surrounded by multiple battery cells 1 to form two long sides 31 and two short sides 32 . Wherein, the long side 31 and the second surface 120 face each other and extend in the horizontal direction (direction indicated by arrow A), and the short side 32 and the second surface 120 face each other and extend in the vertical direction (direction indicated by arrow C) .
  • the cable tie 3 Since the expansion force of the battery module 100 in the horizontal direction (for example, the length direction indicated by the arrow A) is small, the strength requirement for the fixing structure of the battery cell 1 is also reduced, and the battery module can be removed by the cable tie 3 Multiple battery cells 1 in 100 are bundled together.
  • the battery module 100 may be fixed by means of bead bars, side plates, or bolts.
  • the cable tie 3 has the advantages of light weight and small occupied volume. Surrounding the outer peripheries of the plurality of battery cells 1 by the cable tie 3 is more beneficial to the weight reduction of the battery module 100 than other methods.
  • the battery module 100 is provided with at least two cable ties 3, and the adjacent cable ties 3 are spaced apart along the width direction (the direction indicated by arrow B). In other embodiments, the number of cable ties 3 may be one.
  • the battery module 100 further includes two end plates 2, and the two end plates 2 are respectively disposed on the plurality of battery cells 1 along the horizontal direction (for example, indicated by arrow A
  • the cable tie 3 surrounds the outer peripheries of the plurality of battery cells 1 and the two end plates 2, and surrounds the two end plates 2 and the plurality of battery cells 1 together.
  • the end plate 2 may be made of metal materials such as aluminum and aluminum alloy, or may be made of non-metallic materials such as plastic through an injection molding process.
  • the battery module 100 further includes an insulating member 4.
  • the insulating member 4 may be made of insulating materials such as rubber or silicone.
  • the insulating member 4 includes at least a first surface and a second surface. One side is perpendicular to the second side.
  • the insulating member 4 is disposed at the bottom of the battery module 100 at both ends in the longitudinal direction.
  • the first surface of the insulating member 4 is opposite to the side surface of the battery cell 1 at the end, and the second surface of the insulating member 4 is opposite the bottom surface of the battery cell 1 relatively.
  • the cable tie 3 surrounds the outer periphery of the end plate 2, the plurality of battery cells 1, and the two insulating members 4, and connects the end plate 2, the battery cells 1, and the insulating member 4 together.
  • the insulating member 4 not only plays the role of insulation protection, but also prevents the battery cell 1 from being partially tightened by the cable tie 3 and causing uneven stress.
  • FIG. 15 it is a schematic structural diagram of the end plate 2 in an embodiment.
  • the end plate 2 includes an end plate body 21 and a cable tie limiting groove 22.
  • the cable tie limiting groove 22 is disposed outside the end plate 2.
  • the surface is formed inwardly by the outer surface of the end plate 2, and the cable tie limiting groove 22 extends in the vertical direction.
  • the cable tie 3 passes through the cable tie limiting groove 22 so that the short side 32 of the cable tie 3 is accommodated in the cable tie limiting groove 22.
  • the cable tie 3 surrounds the outer peripheries of the plurality of battery cells 1 and the end plate 2, wherein the width of the cable tie-limiting groove 22 is equivalent to the width of the short side 32 of the cable tie 3, so that the position of the cable tie 3 can be defined.

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  • Connection Of Batteries Or Terminals (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供了一种电池包及车辆，电池包包括：箱体，以及多个电池模块，多个电池模块设置于箱体内并且沿水平方向排列，电池模块包括由第一汇流排彼此电联接的多个电池单体，电池单体包括电池壳体和电极端子，多个电池模块中位于沿水平方向的第一最外侧的第一电池模块的每个电极端子均朝向第二电池模块，并且位于沿水平方向的第二最外侧的第二电池模块的每个电极端子均朝向第一电池模块。本发明电池包可有效避免箱体向内侧溃缩引起的电池模块的电极端子短路，提高了电池包的安全性。

Description

一种电池包及车辆
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求享有于2018年12月30日提交的名称为“一种电池包及车辆”的中国专利申请No.201811649786.4的优先权，其公开内容在此通过援引全部并入本文中。
技术领域
本发明涉及储能设备技术领域，特别是涉及一种电池包及车辆。
背景技术
二次电池具有能量密度大，使用寿命长，节能环保等优点，被广泛应用于新能源汽车中。
在使用时，通常将多个电池单体堆叠并通过汇流排相互电连接形成电池模块，再将多个电池模块装配于箱体内并通过导线相互电连接形成电池包，电池包与新能源汽车的驱动电机电连接。由于汽车在行驶过程中难免会发生翻车、侧面撞击等交通事故，这些交通事故均有可能导致汽车上的电池包侧面受压变形。而电池包的箱体通常是由导电金属制成的，在受到撞击时易向电池包内部溃缩，易引起电池包内部带电部件与箱体电连接形成短路，从而造成电池包着火、爆炸等严重后果。
发明内容
为此，需要提供一种电池包，用于解决现有电池包受撞击时内部易发生短路，安全性低的问题。
为实现上述目的，发明人提供了一种电池包，包括：
箱体，所述箱体包括上箱盖以及下箱体，所述上箱盖与所述下箱体密封设置且形成容置腔；以及
多个电池模块，所述多个电池模块设置于所述容置腔内并且沿水平方向排列，其中每个所述电池模块包括由多个第一汇流排彼此电联接的多个电池单体，其中每个所述电池单体包括电池壳体、第一电极端子和第二电极端子，所述第一电极端子和第二电极端子均设置在所述电池壳体的第一表面。
其中，所述多个电池模块包括位于所述电池包沿所述水平方向的一端最外侧的第一电池模块，和位于所述电池包沿所述水平方向的另一端最外侧的第二电池模块；所述第一电池模块中的每个电池单体的所述第一电极端子以及每个所述第二电极端子均朝向所述第二电池模块，所述第二电池模块中的每个电池单体的所述第一电极端子以及每个所述第二电极端子均朝向所述第一电池模块。
进一步的，所述电池壳体沿所述水平方向的尺寸大于所述电池壳体沿竖直方向的尺寸。
进一步的，所述电池壳体包括两个第二表面和两个第三表面，所述第二表面的面积大于所述第一表面的面积并且大于所述第三表面的面积，所述两个第二表面沿所述竖直方向相互面对，所述两个第三表面沿所述水平方向相互面对，所述第一表面、所述第二表面以及所述第三表面中两两连接。
进一步的，所述水平方向为所述电池包的宽度方向；或者，所述水平方向为所述电池包的长度方向。
进一步的，所述多个电池模块的个数为偶数，所述电池壳体包括与所述第一表面相互面对的第四表面；任意两个相邻的所述电池模块中，一个所述电池模块的所述第一表面与另一个所述电池模块的所述第一表面相互面对，或者，一个所述电池模块的所述第四表面与另一个所述电池模块的所述第四表面相互面对。
进一步的，所述电池壳体包括与所述第一表面相互面对的第四表面；两个相邻的所述电池模块中，一个所述电池模块的所述第一表面与另一个所 述电池模块的所述第一表面相互面对，并且所述两个相邻的电池模块之间设置隔离板。
进一步的，所述多个电池模块的个数为奇数，所述电池壳体包括与所述第一表面相互面对的第四表面；其中，一个所述电池模块的所述第一表面与另一个所述电池模块的所述第四表面相互面对；将除所述一个电池模块之外的其他所述电池模块定义为电池模块组件，在所述电池模块组件的任意两个相邻的所述电池模块中，一个所述电池模块的所述第一表面与另一个所述电池模块的所述第一表面相互面对，或者，一个所述电池模块的所述第四表面与另一个所述电池模块的所述第四表面相互面对。
进一步的，所述多个电池模块之间通过第二汇流排相互电连接，其中，所述第二汇流排位于所述电池模块的同一端。
进一步的，所述电池模块还包括：扎带，包围所述多个电池单体的外周，所述扎带包括长边和短边，所述长边与所述电池模块的顶面或所述电池模块的底面相互面对且沿所述水平方向延伸，所述短边与所述电池模块的侧面相互面对且沿所述竖直方向延伸。
进一步的，所述电池模块还包括：两个端板，分别设置于所述多个电池单体的两端；所述扎带包围所述多个电池单体和所述两个端板的外周。
进一步的，所述电池模块中，沿所述竖直方向堆叠的所述电池单体的层数为2层或3层。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明还提供了另一技术方案：一种车辆，包括车辆主体；以及电池包，所述电池包为以上任一技术方案所述的电池包，所述电池包设置于所述车辆主体的底部；其中，所述第一电池模块和第二电池模块分别位于所述车辆主体宽度方向的两侧；或者，所述第一电池模块和所述第二电池模块分别位于所述车辆主体长度方向的两侧。
区别于现有技术，上述技术方案的电池包包括多个电池模块，且在多个电池模块中，将位于电池包沿所述水平方向的一端最外侧的电池模块定义为第一电池模块，将位于电池包沿所述水平方向的另一端最外侧的电池模块 定义为第二电池模块，其中，第一电池模块中的每个第一电极端子以及每个第二电极端子均朝向所述第二电池模块，第二电池模块中的每个第一电极端子以及每个第二电极端子均朝向第一电池模块，即第一电池模块和第二电池模块上的所有电极端子均朝向电池包的中部。因此即使电池包的侧面受到撞击，也能减小箱体内壁接触到电池模块中的第一电极端子以及第二电极端子的概率，从而有效降低了电池包的短路风险，从而提高了电池包的安全性。
附图说明
图1为一具体实施方式所述电池包的爆炸图。
图2为一具体实施方式所述电池包的爆炸图。
图3为一具体实施方式所述电池包的爆炸图。
图4为一具体实施方式所述电池包的爆炸图。
图5为一具体实施方式所述电池包的爆炸图。
图6为具体实施方式所述隔离板与电池模块的位置关系示意图。
图7为具体实施方式所述电池模块的结构示意图。
图8为具体实施方式所述电池单体的结构示意图。
图9为具体实施方式所述电池单体的爆炸图。
图10为具体实施方式所述卷绕式结构电极组件沿图9中D-D向的剖视图。
图11为具体实施方式所述卷绕式结构电极组件沿图9中D-D向截面的外形轮廓示意图。
图12为具体实施方式所述叠片式结构电极组件沿图9中D-D向的剖视图。
图13为具体实施方式所述电池模块的结构示意图。
图14为图13中所述电池模块的爆炸图。
图15为具体实施方式所述端板的结构示意图。
附图标记说明：
100.电池模块
100-1.第一电池模块
100-2.第二电池模块
100-3.第三电池模块
100-4.第四电池模块
1.电池单体
11.电极组件
12.电池壳体
13.盖板组件
131.第一电极端子
132.第二电极端子
14.转接片
111.第一极片
112.第二极片
113.隔膜
114.扁平面
115.窄侧面
110.第一表面
120.第二表面
130.第三表面
140.第四表面
200.电池包
250.容置腔
20.箱体
210.上箱盖
220.下箱体
2.端板
21.端板主体部
22.扎带限位槽
3.扎带
31.长边
32.短边
4.绝缘件
5.第一汇流排
6.第二汇流排
7.隔离板
具体实施方式
为详细说明本申请技术方案的技术内容、构造特征、所实现目的及效果，以下结合具体实施例并配合附图详予说明。
在本申请的描述中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“第一”、“第二”、仅用于描述的目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性；除非另有规定或说明，术语“多个”是指两个以上；术语“连接”、“固定”等均应做广义理解，例如，“连接”可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接，或电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
在本申请的描述中，所有附图中箭头A所指方向为长度方向，箭头B所指方向为宽度方向，箭头C所指方向为竖直方向。水平方向为平行于水平面的方向，既可以是上述长度方向也可以是上述宽度方向。另外，水平方向不仅包括绝对平行于水平面的方向，也包括了工程上常规认知的大致平行于水平面的方向。竖直方向为垂直于水平面的方向，竖直方向不仅包括绝对垂直于水平面的方向，也包括了工程上常规认知的大致垂直于水平面的方向。此外，本申请描述的“上”、“下”、“顶”、“底”等方位词均是相对于竖直方向来进行理解的。
在一实施例中，提供了一种车辆，所述车辆包括车辆主体以及电池包，所述电池包设置于所述车辆主体，电池包为图1至图5所示任一实施例中所述的电池包200。其中，电池包200设置于车辆主体的底部。其中，多个电池模块100中的第一电池模块100-1和第二电池模块100-2分别位于车辆主体宽度方向的两侧。可替代地，多个电池模块100中的第一电池模块100-1和第二电池模块100-2还可以分别位于车辆主体长度方向的两侧。需要说明的是，这里所说的车辆主体的长度方向、车辆主体的宽度方向均是针对于车辆正常摆放时而言的。车辆主体的长度方向指的是车头指向车尾的方向。车辆主体的宽度方向指的是车的侧面指向车的另一侧面的方向。车辆主体的长度方向以及车辆主体的宽度方向大致平行于水平面。
其中，车辆为新能源汽车，车辆可以纯电动汽车，也可以是混合动力汽车或增程式汽车。在车辆主体内设置有驱动电机，驱动电机与电池包200电连接，由电池包200为驱动电机提供电能，驱动电机通过传动机构与车辆主体上的车轮连接，从而驱动汽车行进。优选地，电池包200可水平设置于车辆主体的底部。
以图1所示电池包200为例，将电池包200设置于车辆主体底部时，第一电池模块100-1靠近车辆主体长度方向上的一端，第二电池模块100-2靠近车辆主体长度方向上的另一端。车辆主体的长度方向为图1中方向A所指的方向。同样地，车辆主体的宽度方向为图1中方向B所指的方向。
如图1至图3所示，为不同实施例中电池包200的爆炸图，电池包200包括箱体20和多个电池模块100。箱体20包括上箱盖220和下箱体210，下箱体210和上箱盖220配合形成具有容置腔250的密闭箱体，多个电池模块100排列于容置腔250内。其中，箱体20可以由铝、铝合金或其他金属材料制成。
如图1至图3所示,多个电池模块100设置于箱体20的容置腔250内，并且多个电池模块100沿水平方向(即可以是沿着箭头A所指的长度方向，也可以是沿着箭头B所指的宽度方向)排列。例如，在图1中，多个电池模 块100是沿箭头A的所指方向排列，其中，箭头A的所指方向即为车辆主体的长度方向；在图2中，多个电池模块100是沿箭头B的所指方向排列，其中，箭头B的所指方向即为车辆主体的宽度方向。在多个电池模块100中，将位于电池包的沿水平方向一端最外侧的电池模块100定义为第一电池模块100-1，并且在多个电池模块中，将位于电池包的沿水平方向另一端最外侧的电池模块100定义为第二电池模块100-2。例如，在图1中，第一电池模块100-1是位于电池包的沿箭头A所指方向的一端最外侧，第二电池模块100-2是位于电池包的沿箭头A所指方向的另一端最外侧。在图2中，第一电池模块100-1是位于电池包的沿箭头B所指方向的一端最外侧，第二电池模块100-2是位于电池包的沿箭头B所指方向的另一端最外侧。
第一电池模块100-1中的每个第一电极端子131以及每个第二电极端子132均朝向第二电池模块100-2，并且，第二电池模块100-2中的每个第一电极端子131以及每个第二电极端子132均朝向第一电池模块100-1。也就是说，第一电池模块100-1以及第二电池模块100-2中的所有第一电极端子131和第二电极端子132均朝向电池包的中部。
同样地，在图3、图4所示的实施例中，第一电池模块100-1中的第一电极端子131以及第二电极端子132均朝向第二电池模块100-2，并且第二电池模块100-2中的第一电极端子131以及第二电极端子132均朝向第一电池模块100-1。
在上述实施例中，由于位于电池包200水平方向两端最外侧的第一电池模块100-1和第二电池模块100-2中的所有电极端子均朝向电池包200的中部，因此即使电池包200的侧面受到撞击，也能减小箱体20内壁接触到电池模块100中的第一电极端子131以及第二电极端子132的概率，从而有效降低了电池包的短路风险，从而提高了电池包的安全性。
如图6所示，在一实施例中，在上述电池包200的多个电池模块100中，任意相邻的两个电池模块之间设置有隔离板7。具体是，在任意相邻的两个电池模块中，一个电池模块的第一电极端子131与另一个电池模块的第二 电极端子132所在的侧面之间设置有隔离板7。隔离板7可以选用绝缘且耐高温的材料制成，例如石棉板、云母板等。隔离板7在电池包200发生撞击时，可以防止相邻两个电池模块100中的第一电极端子131和第二电极端子132发生短路，从而进一步提高电池包的安全性。
如图7所示，为电池模块100的结构示意图，电池模块100包括沿水平方向(例如，沿箭头A所指方向)排列的多个电池单体1以及与多个电池单体1电连接的多个第一汇流排5。其中，电池单体1为可重复充放电使用的二次电池，多个电池单体1通过多个第一汇流排5实现串联、并联或混联。优选地，电池模块100还包括沿竖直方向排列的多个电池单体1。电池模块100沿水平方向的尺寸L大于电池模块100沿竖直方向的尺寸H，即图7中电池模块100沿箭头A所指方向的尺寸L大于沿箭头C所指方向的尺寸H。
电池单体1的结构如图8所示，电池单体1包括电池壳体12、第一电极端子131和第二电极端子132，第一电极端子131和第二电极端子132均设置在电池壳体12的第一表面110。其中，电池壳体12可由铝、铝合金或镀镍钢等金属材料制成，电池壳体12可以为矩形盒状。第一电极端子131可以为正电极端子，第二电极端子132为负电极端子，同样地，在其他的实施例中，第一电极端子131还可以为负电极端子，而第二电极端子132为正电极端子。
如图1、图2和图4所示，电池包200中具有偶数个电池模块100(包括第一电池模块100-1和第二电池模块100-2)。每个电池模块100包括由多个第一汇流排5彼此电联接的沿水平方向排列的多个电池单体1。其中，每个电池单体1的电池壳体12包括设置有第一电极端子131和第二电极端子132的第一表面110，以及与第一表面110相互面对的第四表面140。第一表面110和第四表面140在壳体12上的位置关系可以参照图8所示的电池单体结构图。在图1中，任意两个相邻的电池模块100中，一个电池模块100的第一表面110与另一个电池模块100的第一表面100相互面对，或者，一个电池模块100的第四表面140与另一个电池模块100的第四表面140相互面对。
在图1、图2和图4所示的电池包中，由于一个电池模块100的第一表面110是与相邻的另一个电池模块100的第一表面110相互面对，因此一方面可以便于相邻两个电池模块100之间进行通过汇流排电连接，另一方面也有利于对第一电极端子131、第二电极端子132以及第一汇流排5等带电部件进行绝缘保护，并且可在任意相邻的两个电池模块100之间只设置一个隔离板7就可实现绝缘，从而减少了隔离板7的个数，提高电池包的能量密度。
如图3所示，电池包200中具有奇数个电池模块100(包括第一电池模块100-1和第二电池模块100-2)，同样地，每个电池模块100包括由多个第一汇流排5彼此电联接的沿水平方向排列的多个电池单体1，其中电池单体1的电池壳体12包括第一表面110和与第一表面110相互面对的第四表面140。
为了便于说明奇数个电池模块100是如何排列的，在图3中将位于电池包中部的其中一个电池模块定义为第三电池模块100-3，将位于电池包中部的另一个电池模块定义为第四电池模块100-4。从图3可以看出，除了第三电池模块100-3之外，其他的电池模块100均可实现：在任意两个相邻的电池模块100中，一个电池模块100的第一表面110与另一个电池模块100的第一表面110相互面对，或者，一个电池模块100的第四表面140与另一个电池模块100的第四表面140相互面对。
在图3所示的电池包中，尽可能地使一个电池模块100的第一表面110是与相邻的另一个电池模块100的第一表面110相互面对。因此一方面可以便于相邻两个电池模块100之间进行通过汇流排电连接，另一方面也有利于对第一电极端子131、第二电极端子132以及第一汇流排5等带电部件进行绝缘保护，并且可以实现相邻两个电池模块100之间只设置一个隔离板7就可实现绝缘，从而减少了隔离板7的个数，提高电池包的能量密度。
在电池单体1中，由于防爆阀通常是与第一电极端子131以及第二电极端子132设置于同一端面(即第一表面110)，因此隔离板7也位于相邻两个电池模块100的电池单体1的防爆阀之间。通过设置隔离板7，可以避免电池单体1的防爆阀爆裂时产生的高温火焰直接喷射到对面的另一电池单体1 上，从而避免了整个电池包热失控，提高了电池包200的安全性。
本实施例中隔离板7可采用云母板，由于云母板具有良好的绝缘性，并且熔点很高(1723℃)，因此可以达到耐火需求，并且云母板具有优良的加工性能。当然，在其他实施例中隔离板7也可以采用其他绝缘耐高温材料，并不局限于云母板的实施方式。在本实施例中，相邻两个电池模块100可共用1个隔离板7，减少了隔离板7的使用数量，从而进一步提高了电池包200的能量密度。
如图8所示，电池单体1大致为六面体结构，包括电池壳体12，所述电池壳体12包括一个第一表面110、一个第四表面140、两个第二表面120和两个第三表面130，第一表面110与第四表面140基本上相互平行，且都大致平行于竖直方向。第一电极端子131和第二电极端子132设置于第一表面110上。第四表面140与第一表面110相互面对，两个第二表面120相互面对。两个第三平面130相互面对，且大致平行于竖直方向。第三表面130与第一表面110以及第二表面120两两连接，进一步地，两两相互垂直。其中，第二表面120的面积大于第一表面110的面积并且大于第三表面130的面积。
如图9所示，电池单体1包括有电池壳体12和电极组件11，电池壳体12可由铝、铝合金或镀镍钢等金属材料制成，电池壳体12可具有六面体形状或其他形状，且具有开口，电极组件11容纳于电池壳体12内。电池壳体12的开口覆盖有盖板组件13，盖板组件13包括盖板和设置于盖板上的电极端子，电极端子包括第一电极端子131和第二电极端子132，其中，第一电极端子131可以为正电极端子，第二电极端子132为负电极端子。同样地，在其他的实施例中，第一电极端子131还可以为负电极端子，而第二电极端子132为正电极端子。盖板可以由铝、铝合金等金属材料制成，盖板的尺寸与电池壳体12的开口相适配。电极端子可通过焊接或通过铆钉等固定件固定于盖板上。电极组件11的极耳通过转接片14与盖板上的电极端子电连接。本实施例中，转接片14有两个，即分别为正极转接片和负极转接片。
图9中，电池壳体12内设置有两个电极组件11，两个电极组件11 沿竖直方向(箭头C所指的方向)堆叠。当然，在其他实施例中，在电池壳体12内也可设置有一个电极组件11，或者在电池壳体内设置有三个以上的电极组件11。多个电极组件11沿竖直方向(箭头C所指的方向)堆叠。
如图10、图11和图12所示，电极组件11包括第一极片111、第二极片112以及设置于所述第一极片111和所述第二极片112之间的隔膜113。其中，第一极片111可以为正极片，第二极片112为负极片，同样地，在其他的实施例中，第一极片111还可以为负极片，而第二电极为正极片。其中，隔膜113是介于第一极片111和第二极片112之间的绝缘体。正极片的活性物质可被涂覆在正极片的涂覆区上，负极片的活性物质可被涂覆到负极片的涂覆区上。由正极片的涂覆区延伸出的部分则作为正极极耳；由负极片的涂覆区延伸出的部分则作为负极极耳。正极极耳通过正极转接片连接于盖板组件13上的正电极端子，同样地，负极极耳通过负极转接片连接于盖板组件13上的负电极端子。
如图10所示，其中，电极组件11为卷绕式结构，其中，第一极片111、隔膜113以及第二极片112均为带状结构，将第一极片111、隔膜113以及第二极片112依次层叠并卷绕两圈以上形成电极组件11，并且电极组件11呈扁平状。在电极组件11制作时，电极组件11可先卷绕成中空的圆柱形结构，卷绕之后再压平为扁平状。图11为电极组件11的外形轮廓示意图，电极组件11的外表面包括两个扁平面114，两个扁平面114沿竖直方向(箭头C所指的方向)相互面对，即扁平面114与电池壳体12的第二表面120相对设置。其中，电极组件11大致为六面体结构，扁平面114大致平行于卷绕轴线且为面积最大的外表面。扁平面114可以是相对平整的表面，并不要求是纯平面。两个扁平面114是相对电极组件11两侧的窄侧面115而言的，并且扁平面114的面积大于电极组件11两侧的窄侧面115。
如图12所示，其中，电极组件11为叠片式结构，即电极组件11中具有多个第一极片111以及多个第二极片112，隔膜113设置在第一极片111和第二极片112之间。第一极片111、隔膜113、第二极片112依次层叠设置。 其中，第一极片111、隔膜113和第二极片112沿竖直方向层叠(箭头C所指的方向)。
由于电极组件11在充放电过程中不可避免的会沿极片的厚度方向发生膨胀(在卷绕式结构的电极组件11中，沿垂直于扁平面114的方向膨胀力最大；在叠片式结构的电极组件11中，沿第一极片111和第二极片112的堆叠方向膨胀力最大)。
在现有技术中，电池模块100的电池单体1中，电极组件11对电池壳体12施加最大膨胀力的方向都是朝向水平方向。由于电池模块100在沿水平方向的尺寸相比于竖直方向的尺寸大的多(例如，受到车辆的底盘高度尺寸限制，需要有更多的电池单体1沿水平方向堆叠，膨胀力累积大)，因此，现有电池模块100在水平方向上受到的膨胀力非常大，因此需要在电池模块100的水平方向两侧设置非常厚的端板以抵抗膨胀力，而端板加厚会降低电池模块100的能量密度。而本实施例中，电极组件11可以选用卷绕式结构或者叠片式结构。当电极组件11为卷绕式结构时，扁平面114朝向竖直方向。当电极组件为叠片式结构时，第一极片111和第二极片112沿竖直方向层叠。可见，电极组件11无论是采用卷绕式结构还是采用叠片式结构，电极组件11对电池壳体12施加最大膨胀力的方向都朝向竖直方向。
由于电极组件11对电池壳体12施加最大膨胀力的方向是朝向竖直方向，而竖直方向上堆叠的电池单体1个数较少。因此，相比于现有技术，本实施方式可以减小电池模块100的最大膨胀力，因此可选用体积更小的端板，从而提高电池模块100的能量密度。如图7所示，在电池模块100中，电池单体1沿竖直方向(箭头C所指的方向)堆叠的层数为2层。而在其他实施方式中，沿竖直方向堆叠的电池单体1的层数可以为1-5层。优选地，沿竖直方向堆叠的电池单体1的层数为2层或3层。
为了更好的平衡电池模块100在水平方向和竖直方向的膨胀力，在一实施例中，电池模块100沿水平方向的尺寸与电池模块100沿竖直方向的尺寸的比值大于或等于4。
由于电池单体1在充放电过程中还会在电池壳体12内部产生气体，产生的气体会对电池壳体12施加作用力，从而加剧电池壳体12向外膨胀。由于本实施例的第二表面120的面积大于第一表面的面积110，并且电池单体1中的两个第二表面120沿竖直方向相互面对，因此产生的气体对电池壳体12施加最大作用力的方向也是朝向竖直方向。相比于现有技术，进一步减少了电池模块100的最大膨胀力。
现有技术中，由于受到汽车底盘的结构限制(用于容纳电池包的汽车底盘，其竖直方向尺寸远小于宽度方向尺寸或水平方向尺寸)，而本实施例中，电池单体1的第二表面120朝向竖直方向(箭头C所指方向)，将原来电池单体1的竖直方向上的尺寸，改为现在宽度方向(箭头B所指方向)的尺寸，在相同电池单体1的情况下，减少电池包在汽车底盘竖直方向上的尺寸，合理利用汽车底盘在宽度方向的尺寸与水平方向的尺寸，更加符合新能源汽车对电池包的需求。
如图7和图8所示，电池单体1上的第一电极端子131和第二电极端子132可以设置于电池壳体12的第一表面110上，因此与电极端子连接的第一汇流排5也位于第一表面110的一侧。由于电池模块100在竖直方向的空间相对于其他方向的空间更为宝贵，而将汇流排设置于第一表面110的一侧，可充分利用电池模块100侧面的空间，降低电池模块100沿竖直方向的尺寸。特别是当电池模块100应用于汽车上时，(电池模块100通常设置于汽车的底部)，通过降低电池模块100的沿竖直方向的尺寸可增加汽车底部的离地间距，有利提升汽车的越障能力。
如图13和图14所示，在一实施例中，电池模块100包括有扎带3，扎带3包围多个电池单体1的外周，并且首尾连接在一起，从而将多个电池单体1绑绕在一起。其中，扎带3可以由尼龙、聚丙烯或聚氯乙烯等材料制成，且具有良好的柔韧性，扎带沿多个电池单体1包围从而形成两个长边31和两个短边32。其中，长边31与第二表面120相互面对且沿水平方向(箭头A所指方向)延伸，短边32与第二表面120相互面对且沿竖直方向(箭头C 所指方向)延伸。由于电池模块100在水平方向(例如，箭头A所指的长度方向)的膨胀力较小，因此对电池单体1的固定结构的强度要求也随之降低，通过扎带3即可将电池模块100中的多个电池单体1捆绑在一起。在其他实施例中，电池模块100可以通过压条、侧板或者螺栓等方式进行固定。而在本实施例中，扎带3具有质量轻、占用体积小等优点，通过扎带3包围多个电池单体1的外周，相比于其他方式更有利于电池模块100的轻量化。
可选的，电池模块100设置有至少两条扎带3，相邻扎带3之间沿宽度方向(箭头B所指方向)间隔分布。在其他实施例中，扎带3的数量可为一条。
如图13和图14所示，在本实施例中，电池模块100还包括两个端板2，两个端板2分别设置于多个电池单体1沿水平方向(例如，箭头A所指的长度方向)的两端，扎带3包围多个电池单体1和两个端板2的外周，将两个端板2以及多个的电池单体1包围在一起。端板2可以由铝、铝合金等金属材料制成，也可以由塑料等非金属材料通过注塑工艺制成。
如图14所示，本实施例中，电池模块100还包括绝缘件4，绝缘件4可以由橡胶、硅胶等绝缘材料制成，绝缘件4至少包括第一面和第二面，其中，第一面和第二面成垂直关系。绝缘件4设置于电池模块100的沿长度方向两端的底部，绝缘件4的第一面与位于端部的电池单体1的侧面相对，绝缘件4的第二面与电池单体1的底面相对。扎带3包围端板2、多个电池单体1以及两个绝缘件4的外周，使端板2、电池单体1以及绝缘件4连接在一起。绝缘件4既起到绝缘防护的作用，又可以防止电池单体1被扎带3局部勒紧而出现受力不均。
如图15所示，为一实施例中端板2的结构示意图，端板2包括端板主体部21和扎带限位槽22，其中，扎带限位槽22设置于端板2的外表面，由端板2的外表面向内凹形成，扎带限位槽22沿竖直方向延伸。扎带3穿过扎带限位槽22，以使扎带3的短边32容纳于扎带限位槽22内。扎带3包围多个电池单体1和端板2的外周，其中，扎带限位槽22的宽度与扎带3的短 边32宽度相当，从而可限定扎带3的位置。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种电池包，包括：
    箱体，所述箱体包括上箱盖以及下箱体，所述上箱盖与所述下箱体密封设置且形成容置腔；以及
    多个电池模块，所述多个电池模块设置于所述容置腔内并且沿水平方向排列，其中每个所述电池模块包括由多个第一汇流排彼此电联接的多个电池单体，其中每个所述电池单体包括电池壳体、第一电极端子和第二电极端子，所述第一电极端子和第二电极端子均设置在所述电池壳体的第一表面；
    其中，所述多个电池模块包括位于所述电池包沿所述水平方向的一端最外侧的第一电池模块，和位于所述电池包沿所述水平方向的另一端最外侧的第二电池模块；
    其中所述第一电池模块中的每个电池单体的所述第一电极端子以及每个所述第二电极端子均朝向所述第二电池模块，所述第二电池模块中的每个电池单体的所述第一电极端子以及每个所述第二电极端子均朝向所述第一电池模块。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电池包，所述电池壳体沿所述水平方向的尺寸大于所述电池壳体沿竖直方向的尺寸。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的电池包，所述电池壳体包括两个第二表面和两个第三表面，所述第二表面的面积大于所述第一表面的面积并且大于所述第三表面的面积，所述两个第二表面沿所述竖直方向相互面对，所述两个第三表面沿所述水平方向相互面对，所述第一表面、所述第二表面以及所述第三表面中两两连接。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的电池包，所述水平方向为所述电池包的宽度方向；或者，所述水平方向为所述电池包的长度方向。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的电池包，所述多个电池模块的个数为偶数，所述电池壳体包括与所述第一表面相互面对的第四表面；在任意两个 相邻的所述电池模块中，一个所述电池模块的所述第一表面与另一个所述电池模块的所述第一表面相互面对，或者，一个所述电池模块的所述第四表面与另一个所述电池模块的所述第四表面相互面对。
  6. 根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的电池包，所述电池壳体还包括与所述第一表面相互面对的第四表面；两个相邻的所述电池模块中，一个所述电池模块的所述第一表面与另一个所述电池模块的所述第一表面相互面对，并且所述两个相邻的电池模块之间设置隔离板。
  7. 根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的电池包，所述多个电池模块的个数为奇数，所述电池壳体包括与所述第一表面相互面对的第四表面；其中，一个所述电池模块的所述第一表面与另一个所述电池模块的所述第四表面相互面对；将除所述一个电池模块之外的其他所述电池模块定义为电池模块组件，在所述电池模块组件的任意两个相邻的所述电池模块中，一个所述电池模块的所述第一表面与另一个所述电池模块的所述第一表面相互面对，或者，一个所述电池模块的所述第四表面与另一个所述电池模块的所述第四表面相互面对。
  8. 根据权利要求1-7任一项所述的电池包，所述多个电池模块之间通过第二汇流排相互电连接，其中，所述第二汇流排位于所述电池模块的同一端。
  9. 根据权利要求1-8任一所述的电池包，所述电池模块还包括：
    扎带，包围所述多个电池单体的外周，所述扎带包括长边和短边，所述长边与所述电池模块的顶面或所述电池模块的底面相互面对且沿所述水平方向延伸，所述短边与所述电池模块的侧面相互面对且沿所述竖直方向延伸。
  10. 根据权利要求1-9任一项所述的电池包，所述电池模块还包括：
    两个端板，分别设置于所述多个电池单体的两端；所述扎带包围所述多个电池单体和所述两个端板的外周。
  11. 根据权利要求1-10任一项所述的电池包，所述电池模块中，沿所述竖直方向堆叠的所述电池单体的层数为2层或3层。
  12. 一种车辆，包括：
    车辆主体；以及
    电池包，为权利要求1至11任一所述的电池包，所述电池包设置于所述车辆主体的底部；其中，所述第一电池模块和所述第二电池模块分别位于所述车辆主体宽度方向的两侧；或者，
    所述第一电池模块和所述第二电池模块分别位于所述车辆主体长度方向的两侧。
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