WO2020135874A1 - 架空线路防雷效能评价方法及装置、设备及存储介质 - Google Patents

架空线路防雷效能评价方法及装置、设备及存储介质 Download PDF

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WO2020135874A1
WO2020135874A1 PCT/CN2019/129969 CN2019129969W WO2020135874A1 WO 2020135874 A1 WO2020135874 A1 WO 2020135874A1 CN 2019129969 W CN2019129969 W CN 2019129969W WO 2020135874 A1 WO2020135874 A1 WO 2020135874A1
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lightning protection
judgment matrix
protection performance
feature vector
indicators
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French (fr)
Inventor
郭佳
李军阔
董祯
关巍
唐帅
郝军魁
申永鹏
容春艳
高立坡
康伟
任志刚
张红梅
宋妍
张丽洁
谭凌峰
佘凯
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State Grid Hebei Electric Power Co Ltd
State Grid Economic and Technological Research Institute Co Ltd
Economic and Technological Research Institute of State Grid Hebei Electric Power Co Ltd
State Grid Corp of China SGCC
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State Grid Hebei Electric Power Co Ltd
State Grid Economic and Technological Research Institute Co Ltd
Economic and Technological Research Institute of State Grid Hebei Electric Power Co Ltd
State Grid Corp of China SGCC
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    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q50/00—Information and communication technology [ICT] specially adapted for implementation of business processes of specific business sectors, e.g. utilities or tourism
    • G06Q50/06—Energy or water supply
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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    • G06Q10/06—Resources, workflows, human or project management; Enterprise or organisation planning; Enterprise or organisation modelling
    • G06Q10/063—Operations research, analysis or management
    • G06Q10/0639—Performance analysis of employees; Performance analysis of enterprise or organisation operations
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q10/00—Administration; Management
    • G06Q10/06—Resources, workflows, human or project management; Enterprise or organisation planning; Enterprise or organisation modelling
    • G06Q10/063—Operations research, analysis or management
    • G06Q10/0639—Performance analysis of employees; Performance analysis of enterprise or organisation operations
    • G06Q10/06393—Score-carding, benchmarking or key performance indicator [KPI] analysis

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  • This application belongs to the technical field of power operation and maintenance, for example, it relates to a method, device, equipment and storage medium for evaluating the lightning protection performance of overhead lines.
  • Transmission lines such as overhead lines can cause overvoltage when they are struck by lightning, which may cause the relay protection action to trip, causing the transmission line to shut down, causing grid accidents and economic losses.
  • accidents caused by lightning strikes on overhead lines are also increasing.
  • investment in lightning protection technology improvement for overhead lines is increasing year by year. Before and after the lightning protection technical reform, a comprehensive, effective and reasonable assessment of the lightning protection effectiveness of overhead lines is required.
  • Embodiments of the present application provide a method, device, equipment, and storage medium for evaluating lightning protection effectiveness of overhead lines to solve the problem of lack of comprehensive and effective evaluation of lightning protection effectiveness of overhead lines in related technologies.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a method for evaluating lightning protection performance of an overhead line, including: acquiring a plurality of lightning protection performance indicators of an overhead line; and calculating the lightning protection efficiency indicators according to the number of the lightning protection performance indicators The weights corresponding to the multiple lightning protection performance indexes respectively; according to the weights corresponding to the multiple lightning protection performance indexes and the multiple lightning protection performance indexes, the lightning protection comprehensive evaluation index of the overhead line is calculated.
  • calculating the weights corresponding to the plurality of lightning protection performance indicators according to the number of the plurality of lightning protection performance indicators includes: constructing a judgment matrix according to the number of the plurality of lightning protection performance indicators Calculating the consistency ratio of the judgment matrix, and judging whether the judgment matrix is reasonable according to the consistency ratio; when the judgment matrix is reasonable, calculating the feature vector corresponding to the judgment matrix; The vector is normalized to obtain a normalized feature vector; the elements in the normalized feature vector are the weights corresponding to the multiple lightning protection performance indicators, respectively.
  • A represents the judgment matrix
  • n represents the number of the multiple lightning protection performance indicators
  • a ij f(x i , x j ), which represents between the indicator x i and the indicator x j
  • CR represents the consistency ratio of the judgment matrix A
  • ⁇ max is the maximum eigenvalue of the judgment matrix A
  • n represents the number of the multiple lightning protection performance indicators
  • R 1 represents the average random consistency indicator, which is related to n Constant.
  • the judging whether the judgment matrix is reasonable according to the consistency ratio includes: judging whether the consistency ratio of the judgment matrix is less than a preset threshold; In the case of setting a threshold, it is determined that the judgment matrix is reasonable.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a lightning protection performance evaluation device for an overhead line, including: an input unit configured to obtain a plurality of lightning protection performance indicators of the overhead line; and a calculation unit configured to The number of lightning protection performance indicators, calculating the weights corresponding to the plurality of lightning protection performance indicators respectively; the calculation unit is further configured to respectively correspond to the weights corresponding to the plurality of lightning protection performance indicators and the plurality of lightning protection performance indicators To calculate the comprehensive lightning protection evaluation index of the overhead line.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a terminal device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, and the processor executes the computer
  • the program implements the method described in any embodiment of the present application.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, where the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and the computer program is executed by a processor to implement any of the embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a specific example of a method for evaluating lightning protection effectiveness of an overhead line provided by an embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart of another specific example of the method for evaluating the lightning protection performance of an overhead line provided by an embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a specific example of a lightning protection efficiency evaluation device for overhead lines provided by an embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a specific example of a terminal device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a lightning protection efficiency evaluation method for overhead lines.
  • the lightning protection efficiency evaluation method for overhead lines may include the following steps:
  • the performance indicators may include evaluation indicators in four aspects, such as lightning strike trip rate, lightning strike failure outage rate, lightning strike risk index, and lightning resistance level.
  • the lightning strike trip rate can be divided into lightning strike trip coincidence success rate, deflection trip rate decrease rate, counterattack trip rate decrease rate, lightning strike trip rate decrease rate; lightning strike failure outage rate can be divided into lightning strike failure outage Frequency reduction rate and lightning failure downtime reduction rate; lightning strike risk indicators can be divided into lightning protection measures effectiveness index, line risk value change rate, five-level risk pole tower ratio reduction rate and six-level risk pole tower ratio reduction rate; lightning resistance
  • the level index can be divided into the rate of improvement of the level of lightning resistance and the rate of improvement of the level of lightning resistance.
  • W 1 is the success rate of lightning strike reclosure
  • U 2 is the recombination power of the lightning trip after treatment
  • U 1 is the recombination power of the lightning strike trip before treatment.
  • the reduction rate of deflection trip rate can be calculated by formula (2):
  • W 2 is the reduction rate of the circumvention trip rate
  • V 1 is the circumvention trip rate before treatment
  • V 2 is the circumvention trip rate after treatment.
  • the circumvention trip rate the number of circumvention trips ⁇ 2.78/ (line length ⁇ calculation year ⁇ ground flash density).
  • the reduction rate of counter-tripping rate can be calculated by formula (3):
  • W 3 is the reduction rate of the counter-attack trip rate
  • X 1 is the counter-attack trip rate before treatment
  • X 2 is the counter-attack trip rate after treatment.
  • the counterattack trip rate count of counterattack trips ⁇ 2.78/(line length ⁇ calculation year ⁇ ground flash density).
  • the reduction rate of lightning strike trip rate can be calculated by formula (4):
  • W 4 is the lightning strike trip rate reduction rate
  • Y 1 is the lightning strike trip rate before treatment
  • k is the number of surge arresters
  • L 1 is the line length
  • n 1 is the calculation year
  • ⁇ is the ground flash density
  • Y 2 is the lightning strike after treatment Trip rate.
  • the lightning strike trip rate lightning strike trip count ⁇ 2.78/ (line length ⁇ calculation year ⁇ ground flash density).
  • the reduction rate of the number of lightning outages can be calculated by formula (5):
  • W 5 is the reduction rate of the number of lightning failures
  • Z 1 is the number of lightning failures before treatment
  • Z 2 is the number of lightning failures after treatment.
  • the reduction rate of lightning strike downtime can be calculated by formula (6):
  • W 6 is the rate of downtime of lightning strike failure
  • I 1 is the downtime of lightning strike failure before treatment
  • I 2 is the downtime of lightning strike failure after treatment.
  • W 7 is the effectiveness of lightning protection measures
  • G 1 is the number of lightning protection retrofitting towers
  • G 2 is the number of lightning tripping towers still installed after lightning protection measures.
  • the rate of change of line risk value can be calculated by formula (8):
  • W 8 is the line risk value change rate
  • L 1 is the risk value of the line before governance
  • L 2 is the line risk value after the governance.
  • the technical method of calculating the risk value can be determined in accordance with the provisions of Appendix B of the "Guidelines for Risk Assessment of Important Transmission Channels" (Q/GDW 11450-2015), and carry out hidden hazard investigations on important transmission channels To find the risk section of technical elements; according to the hidden content, select the corresponding L, E, and C values in Table C4 in Appendix C of the Guidelines, and calculate the risk value of the technical element risk section according to the following formula.
  • R is the risk value
  • C is the consequence of the occurrence of the event, and its value is specified in Table C1 in Appendix C of the Important Transmission Channel Risk Assessment Guidelines (Q/GDW11450-2015);
  • E is the frequency of the event and its value See the requirements of Table C2 in Appendix C of "Important Transmission Channel Risk Assessment Guidelines” (Q/GDW11450-2015);
  • L is the probability of the occurrence of the event, and its value is shown in "Important Transmission Channel Risk Assessment Guidelines" (Q/GDW11450 -2015) Table C3 requirements in Appendix C.
  • the percentage reduction ratio of the six-level risk tower can be calculated by formula (9):
  • W 9 is the ratio of the reduction of the proportion of six-level risk towers, the proportion of the first six-level risk towers after the implementation of P 1 lightning protection measures, and the proportion of the six-level risk towers after the implementation of P 2 lightning protection measures.
  • the percentage reduction rate of the five-level risk tower can be calculated by formula (10):
  • W 10 is the reduction rate of the proportion of the five-level risk tower
  • M 1 is the proportion of the first five-level risk tower after lightning protection measures are implemented
  • M 2 is the proportion of the five-level risk tower after the lightning protection measures are implemented.
  • the improvement rate of the lightning resistance level of the shielding can be calculated by formula (11):
  • W 11 is the rate of improvement of the level of lightning protection against lightning
  • N 2 is the level of lightning protection after installation of lightning protection measures
  • N 1 is the level of lightning protection of lightning protection before installation of lightning protection measures.
  • the rate of improvement of the counter-thunder resistance level can be calculated by formula (12):
  • W 12 is the increase rate of counter-attack lightning resistance level
  • S 2 lightning protection measures counterattack lightning protection level after installation
  • S 1 lightning protection measures counterattack lightning resistance level before installation.
  • cost-effectiveness indicators can also be introduced when evaluating them.
  • the following formula (13) can be used to calculate the cost-benefit index:
  • Q 13 is the full life cycle cost benefit
  • H 2 is the full life cycle annual cost of the line non-treatment plan
  • H 1 is the full life cycle annual cost of the line treatment plan
  • E 1 is the line lightning protection cost (total investment)
  • LCC 1 is the total cost of the life cycle of the line without governance
  • LCC 2 is the total cost of the life cycle of the line governance
  • N 1 is the number of years of the life cycle of the line (generally 30 years)
  • N 2 is the life of the line management Years of the cycle (value is the number of years in operation + 30 years).
  • LCC 1 calculation formula is as follows:
  • LCC 1 k 1 +k 2 +k 3 +n 1 ⁇ (k 4 +k 5 )+n 2 ⁇ (k 6 +k 7 ⁇ j 1 )
  • k 1 is the initial construction cost
  • k 2 is the historical O&M maintenance cost
  • k 3 is the historical lightning protection cost
  • n 1 is the year from the line lightning damage to the year before the control
  • k 4 is the line lightning damage annual operating cost
  • K 5 is the average annual cost of lightning protection in the past years
  • n 2 is the remaining calculation years
  • k 6 is the maintenance and maintenance cost of the non-control year in normal operation
  • k 7 is the average annual cost of lightning protection in the past years
  • j 1 is the meteorological adjustment coefficient .
  • LCC 2 c 1 +c 2 +c 3 +c 4 +m 1 ⁇ (c 5 +c 6 )+m 2 ⁇ c 7
  • c 1 is the initial construction cost
  • c 2 is the historical operation and maintenance overhaul cost +
  • c 3 is the historical lightning protection treatment cost
  • c 4 is the lightning protection treatment construction cost
  • m 1 is the number of years before the occurrence of line lightning damage to the treatment
  • c 5 is the annual operation cost of lightning damage on the line
  • c 6 is the annual average cost of lightning protection treatment over the years
  • m 2 is the remaining calculation years
  • c 7 is the maintenance and repair cost for normal operation after restoration.
  • S102 Calculate the weights corresponding to the multiple lightning protection performance indicators according to the number of multiple lightning protection performance indicators.
  • the process of S102 may be implemented through the following sub-steps:
  • S1021 Construct a judgment matrix according to the number of multiple lightning protection efficiency indicators.
  • the judgment matrix can be constructed by formula (14):
  • A represents the judgment matrix
  • n represents the number of multiple lightning protection performance indicators
  • the selection method of f(x i , x j ) is obtained from the 1 ⁇ 9 comparison scale according to the importance degree between the indexes x i and x j .
  • the method for evaluating lightning protection effectiveness of overhead lines constructs a judgment matrix by comparing the importance scales between different indicators, so that multiple indicators are related to each other, which is beneficial to increase the weight obtained by the judgment matrix calculation Credibility.
  • S1022 Calculate the consistency ratio of the judgment matrix, and judge whether the judgment matrix is reasonable according to the consistency ratio. When the judgment matrix is reasonable, execute S1023; when the judgment matrix is unreasonable, return to S1021.
  • the consistency ratio of the judgment matrix can be calculated by formula (15):
  • CR represents the consistency ratio of judgment matrix A
  • Re represents the consistency index of judgment matrix A
  • ⁇ max is the maximum eigenvalue of judgment matrix A
  • n represents the number of multiple lightning protection performance indicators
  • R 1 represents the average random consistency indicator, which is a constant related to n, and its value See Table 1.
  • the method for evaluating the lightning protection efficiency of overhead lines provided in the embodiments of the present application fully recognizes that there is an error in the importance between the judgment matrix of the index and the objective index, and performs consistency check on the judgment matrix through the consistency ratio, thereby identifying unreasonable Judgment matrix.
  • the method for evaluating the lightning protection efficiency of overhead lines provided by the embodiments of the present application can quickly identify whether the judgment matrix is reasonable through threshold comparison and the consistency ratio of the judgment matrix, so as to prepare for the subsequent steps to use the judgment matrix to calculate the weight.
  • the feature vector corresponding to the judgment matrix can be calculated by formula (16):
  • the method for evaluating the lightning protection performance of overhead lines uses formulas and a judgment matrix to calculate the nth root of the product of each row of the judgment matrix, and uses the calculation result as the weight of the corresponding index, which can be convenient and fast Calculate the value of multiple weights.
  • S1024 Perform normalization processing on the feature vector to obtain a normalized feature vector.
  • the elements in the normalized feature vector are the weights corresponding to multiple lightning protection performance indicators.
  • the normalized feature vector can be calculated by formula (17):
  • W represents the normalized feature vector
  • the method for evaluating the lightning protection efficiency of overhead lines provided by the embodiments of the present application, through normalization, allows multiple elements in the feature vector, that is, the values of multiple weights to be balanced, which is conducive to reflecting the importance of multiple indicators objectively and reasonably degree.
  • the method for evaluating the lightning protection efficiency of overhead lines provided by the embodiments of the present application, by constructing a judgment matrix and evaluating the consistency ratio of the judgment matrix, to identify whether the judgment matrix is reasonable, and then calculate multiple lightning protection efficiency index correspondences according to the reasonable judgment matrix the weight of. Since the mutual relationship between multiple indexes is established through the judgment matrix, the calculation result of the weight has higher credibility.
  • S103 Calculate the comprehensive lightning protection evaluation index of the overhead line according to the multiple lightning protection performance indexes and the weights corresponding to the multiple lightning protection performance indexes respectively.
  • the comprehensive evaluation value can be obtained from the values and weighting coefficients of multiple lightning protection efficiency indicators.
  • the linear weighted model shown in formula (18) can be used to calculate the comprehensive lightning protection evaluation index for overhead lines:
  • y i is the comprehensive evaluation index of lightning protection for overhead lines
  • n is the number of indexes
  • x ij is the index value of the i-th index in the collected sample j
  • ⁇ i is the value of the weight, or called the weight coefficient .
  • the method for evaluating the lightning protection efficiency of overhead lines provides strong support for investment strategies of overhead line production technical transformation projects from the perspective of power grid line planning. Fully combining the lightning strike risk and lightning damage theory of the overhead line, the risk benefit theory and the full cycle cost theory, the relevant evaluation indicators that affect the line lightning protection effect are selected.
  • the indicator system provides a comprehensive and multi-angle accurate evaluation of the lightning protection effect of overhead lines from a macro perspective, which is conducive to the specific analysis and evaluation of multiple regions according to local conditions, and is conducive to optimizing the investment plan of lightning protection projects based on local characteristics. Improve equipment utilization and save resources, and better serve economic development. Using network analytic hierarchy process weighting, the interrelationship between multiple indexes is established, which ensures the accuracy of the index calculation and makes the calculation results more reliable.
  • the size of the sequence numbers of the multiple steps in the above embodiments does not mean that the execution order is sequential.
  • the execution order of the multiple processes should be determined by their functions and internal logic, and should not constitute a limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application.
  • An embodiment of the present application further provides a lightning protection performance evaluation device for overhead lines.
  • the lightning protection performance evaluation device for overhead lines may include: an input unit 301 and a calculation unit 302.
  • the input unit 301 is configured to obtain multiple lightning protection efficiency indicators of the overhead line; for the specific working process, reference may be made to S101 in the above method embodiment.
  • the calculation unit 302 is configured to calculate the weights corresponding to the multiple lightning protection performance indicators based on the number of the multiple lightning protection performance indicators, and to calculate the weights corresponding to the multiple lightning protection performance indicators and the multiple lightning protection performance indicators respectively.
  • the lightning protection efficiency evaluation method for overhead lines calculates the lightning protection comprehensive evaluation index of the overhead line according to the multiple lightning protection performance indexes of the overhead line and the weights of the multiple lightning protection performance indexes. Comprehensive and effective evaluation of the lightning protection efficiency of overhead lines.
  • the terminal device may include a processor 401 and a memory 402, where the processor 401 and the memory 402 may be connected by a bus or other means. Take bus connection as an example.
  • the processor 401 may be a central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, CPU).
  • the processor 401 may also be other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (Digital Signal Processors, DSPs), application specific integrated circuits (Application Specific Integrated Circuits, ASICs), field programmable gate arrays (Field-Programmable Gate Arrays, FPGAs), or Other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components and other chips, or a combination of the above types of chips.
  • DSPs Digital Signal Processors
  • ASICs Application Specific Integrated Circuits
  • FPGAs Field-Programmable Gate Arrays
  • Other programmable logic devices discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components and other chips, or a combination of the above types of chips.
  • the memory 402 as a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, can be configured to store non-transitory software programs, non-transitory computer executable programs, and modules, as corresponding to the lightning protection performance evaluation method of overhead lines in the embodiments of the present application Program instructions/modules (for example, the input unit 301 and the calculation unit 302 shown in FIG. 3).
  • the processor 401 executes non-transitory software programs, instructions, and modules stored in the memory 402 to execute various functional applications and data processing of the processor, that is, to implement the lightning protection efficiency evaluation method of the overhead line in the above method embodiment.
  • the memory 402 may include a storage program area and a storage data area, where the storage program area may store an operating system and application programs required by at least one function; the storage data area may store data created by the processor 401 and the like.
  • the memory 402 may include a high-speed random access memory, and may also include a non-transitory memory, such as at least one magnetic disk storage device, a flash memory device, or other non-transitory solid-state storage devices.
  • the memory 402 may optionally include memories remotely arranged with respect to the processor 401, and these remote memories may be connected to the processor 401 through a network. Examples of the aforementioned networks include the Internet, intranets, local area networks, mobile communication networks, and combinations thereof.
  • the one or more modules are stored in the memory 402, and when executed by the processor 401, the lightning protection performance evaluation method of the overhead line in the embodiments shown in FIGS. 1 to 2 is executed.
  • the program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and the program During execution, the process of the embodiment of the above method may be included.
  • the storage medium may be a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a read-only memory (Read-Only Memory, ROM), a random storage memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), a flash memory (Flash), a hard disk (Hard) Disk (Drive, HDD) or Solid-State Drive (SSD), etc.; the storage medium may also include a combination of the aforementioned types of memory.

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Abstract

一种架空线路防雷效能评价方法及装置、设备及存储介质，其中，上述方法包括：获取架空线路的多个防雷效能指标（S101）；根据多个防雷效能指标的数量计算多个防雷效能指标分别对应的权重（S102）；根据多个防雷效能指标和多个防雷效能指标分别对应的权重，计算架空线路的防雷综合评价指标（S103）。

Description

架空线路防雷效能评价方法及装置、设备及存储介质
本申请要求在2018年12月28日提交中国专利局、申请号为201811624934.7的中国专利申请的优先权，该申请的全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请属于电力运维技术领域，例如涉及一种架空线路防雷效能评价方法及装置、设备及存储介质。
背景技术
架空线路等输电线路在遭遇雷击时会引起过电压，有可能导致继电保护动作跳闸，造成输电线路停运，引发电网事故和经济损失。随着电力系统的发展，雷击架空线路引起的事故也日益增多。作为防范电网运行风险的重要手段和提升设备运行水平的重要方式，对架空线路进行防雷技术改进的投资逐年加大。在进行防雷技改的前后，都需要对架空线路的防雷效能进行全面、有效、合理的评估。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供了一种架空线路防雷效能评价方法及装置、设备及存储介质，以解决相关技术中缺乏对架空线路的防雷效能进行全面有效评估的问题。
在一实施例中，本申请实施例提供了一种架空线路防雷效能评价方法，包括：获取架空线路的多个防雷效能指标；根据所述多个防雷效能指标的数量，计算所述多个防雷效能指标分别对应的权重；根据所述多个防雷效能指标和所述多个防雷效能指标分别对应的权重，计算所述架空线路的防雷综合评价指标。
在一实施方式中，所述根据所述多个防雷效能指标的数量，计算所述多个防雷效能指标分别对应的权重，包括：根据所述多个防雷效能指标的数量构建判断矩阵；计算所述判断矩阵的一致性比率，并根据所述一致性比率判断所述 判断矩阵是否合理；在所述判断矩阵合理的情况下，计算所述判断矩阵对应的特征向量；对所述特征向量进行归一化处理，得到归一化特征向量；所述归一化特征向量中的元素分别为所述多个防雷效能指标对应的权重。
在一实施方式中，通过
Figure PCTCN2019129969-appb-000001
构建所述判断矩阵；其中，A表示所述判断矩阵；n表示所述多个防雷效能指标的数量；a ij＝f(x i,x j)，表示指标x i和指标x j之间相比的重要性标度；当i＝j时，a ij＝1；当i≠j时，a ij＝1/a ji。
在一实施方式中，通过
Figure PCTCN2019129969-appb-000002
计算所述判断矩阵的一致性比率；其中，C R表示所述判断矩阵A的一致性比率；
Figure PCTCN2019129969-appb-000003
表示所述判断矩阵A的一致性指标；λ max为所述判断矩阵A的最大特征值；n表示所述多个防雷效能指标的数量；R 1表示平均随机一致性指标，为与n有关的常数。
在一实施方式中，所述根据所述一致性比率判断所述判断矩阵是否合理，包括：判断所述判断矩阵的一致性比率是否小于预设阈值；在所述判断矩阵的一致性比率小于预设阈值的情况下，判定所述判断矩阵合理。
在一实施方式中，通过
Figure PCTCN2019129969-appb-000004
计算所述判断矩阵对应的特征向量；其中，
Figure PCTCN2019129969-appb-000005
表示所述判断矩阵A对应的特征 向量；特征向量
Figure PCTCN2019129969-appb-000006
中的元素
Figure PCTCN2019129969-appb-000007
在一实施方式中，通过
Figure PCTCN2019129969-appb-000008
计算所述归一化特征向量；其中，W表示所述归一化特征向量；
Figure PCTCN2019129969-appb-000009
表示所述判断矩阵A对应的特征向量；
Figure PCTCN2019129969-appb-000010
表示特征向量
Figure PCTCN2019129969-appb-000011
中的元素。
在一实施例中，本申请实施例提供了一种架空线路防雷效能评价装置，包括：输入单元，设置为获取架空线路的多个防雷效能指标；计算单元，设置为根据所述多个防雷效能指标的数量，计算所述多个防雷效能指标分别对应的权重；所述计算单元还设置为根据所述多个防雷效能指标和所述多个防雷效能指标分别对应的权重，计算所述架空线路的防雷综合评价指标。
在一实施例中，本申请实施例提供了一种终端设备，包括存储器、处理器以及存储在所述存储器中并可在所述处理器上运行的计算机程序，所述处理器执行所述计算机程序时实现本申请任一实施方式所述的方法。
在一实施例中，本申请实施例提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，所述计算机可读存储介质存储有计算机程序，所述计算机程序被处理器执行时实现本申请任一实施方式所述的方法。
附图说明
图1是本申请实施例提供的架空线路防雷效能评价方法的一个具体示例的流程图；
图2是本申请实施例提供的架空线路防雷效能评价方法的另一个具体示例的流程图；
图3是本申请实施例提供的架空线路防雷效能评价装置的一个具体示例的 结构示意图；
图4是本申请实施例提供的终端设备的一个具体示例的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
以下描述中，为了说明而不是为了限定，提出了诸如特定系统结构、技术之类的具体细节，以便透彻理解本申请实施例。然而，本领域的技术人员应当清楚，在没有这些具体细节的其它实施例中也可以实现本申请。在其它情况中，省略对众所周知的系统、装置、电路以及方法的详细说明，以免不必要的细节妨碍本申请的描述。
为了说明本申请所述的技术方案，下面通过具体实施例来进行说明。
本申请实施例提供了一种架空线路防雷效能评价方法，如图1所示，该架空线路防雷效能评价方法可以包括以下步骤：
S101：获取架空线路的多个防雷效能指标。在一具体实施方式中，效能指标可以包括雷击跳闸率、雷击故障停运率、雷击风险指标和耐雷水平等四个方面的评价指标。在一实施例中，雷击跳闸率可以分为雷击跳闸重合成功提升率、绕击跳闸率降低率、反击跳闸率降低率、雷击跳闸率降低率；雷击故障停运率可以分为雷击故障停运次数降低率和雷击故障停运时间降低率；雷击风险指标可以分为防雷措施有效性指标、线路风险值变化率、五级风险杆塔占比降低率和六级风险杆塔占比降低率；耐雷水平指标可以分为绕击耐雷水平提升率和反击耐雷水平提升率。
在实际应用中，可以通过公式(1)计算雷击跳闸重合成功提升率：
Figure PCTCN2019129969-appb-000012
其中，W 1为雷击跳闸重合成功提升率，U 2为治理后雷击跳闸重合成功率，U 1为治理前雷击跳闸重合成功率。
可以通过公式(2)计算绕击跳闸率降低率：
Figure PCTCN2019129969-appb-000013
其中，W 2为绕击跳闸率降低率，V 1为治理前绕击跳闸率，V 2为治理后绕击跳闸率。在一实施例中，绕击跳闸率＝绕击跳闸次数×2.78/(线路长度×计算年度×地闪密度)。
可以通过公式(3)计算反击跳闸率降低率：
Figure PCTCN2019129969-appb-000014
其中，W 3为反击跳闸率降低率，X 1为治理前反击跳闸率，X 2为治理后反击跳闸率。在一实施例中，反击跳闸率＝反击跳闸次数×2.78/(线路长度×计算年度×地闪密度)。
可以通过公式(4)计算雷击跳闸率降低率：
Figure PCTCN2019129969-appb-000015
其中，W 4为雷击跳闸率降低率，Y 1为治理前雷击跳闸率，k为避雷器动作次数，L 1为线路长度，n 1为计算年度，ρ为地闪密度，Y 2为治理后雷击跳闸率。在一实施例中，雷击跳闸率＝雷击跳闸次数×2.78/(线路长度×计算年度×地闪密度)。
可以通过公式(5)计算雷击故障停运次数降低率：
Figure PCTCN2019129969-appb-000016
其中，W 5为雷击故障停运次数降低率，Z 1为治理前雷击故障停运次数，Z 2为治理后雷击故障停运次数。
可以通过公式(6)计算雷击故障停运时间降低率：
Figure PCTCN2019129969-appb-000017
其中，W 6为雷击故障停运时间降低率，I 1为治理前雷击故障停运时间，I 2为 治理后雷击故障停运时间。
可以通过公式(7)计算防雷措施有效性：
Figure PCTCN2019129969-appb-000018
其中，W 7为防雷措施有效性，G 1为防雷改造杆塔数量，G 2为安装防雷措施后仍雷击跳闸杆塔数量。
可以通过公式(8)计算线路风险值变化率：
Figure PCTCN2019129969-appb-000019
其中，W 8为线路风险值变化率，L 1为治理前线路的风险值，L 2为治理后线路风险值。在一实施例中，风险值的计算技术方法，可以按照《重要输电通道风险评估导则》(Q/GDW 11450-2015)附录B的规定，确定隐患排查技术路线，对重要输电通道开展隐患排查，找出技术要素的风险区段；根据隐患内容，在导则附录C中表C4选取相应的L、E、C值，按照如下公式计算该技术要素风险区段的风险值。
R＝C×E×L
其中，R为风险值；C为事件发生的后果，其赋值见《重要输电通道风险评估导则》(Q/GDW 11450-2015)附录C中表C1要求；E为事件发生的频率，其赋值见《重要输电通道风险评估导则》(Q/GDW 11450-2015)附录C中表C2要求；L为事件发生的可能性，其赋值见《重要输电通道风险评估导则》(Q/GDW 11450-2015)附录C中表C3要求。
可以通过公式(9)计算六级风险杆塔占比降低率：
Figure PCTCN2019129969-appb-000020
其中，W 9为六级风险杆塔占比降低率，P 1防雷措施实施前六级风险杆塔占 比，P 2防雷措施实施后六级风险杆塔占比。
可以通过公式(10)计算五级风险杆塔占比降低率：
Figure PCTCN2019129969-appb-000021
其中，W 10为五级风险杆塔占比降低率，M 1为防雷措施实施前五级风险杆塔占比，M 2防雷措施实施后五级风险杆塔占比。
可以通过公式(11)计算绕击耐雷水平提升率：
Figure PCTCN2019129969-appb-000022
其中，W 11为绕击耐雷水平提升率，N 2为防雷措施安装后绕击耐雷水平，N 1为防雷措施安装前绕击耐雷水平。
可以通过公式(12)计算反击耐雷水平提升率：
Figure PCTCN2019129969-appb-000023
其中，W 12为反击耐雷水平提升率，S 2防雷措施安装后反击耐雷水平，S 1防雷措施安装前反击耐雷水平。
对于进行防雷技术改造的架空线路，在对其进行评估时，还可以引入成本效益指标。在一具体实施方式中，可以利用以下公式(13)计算成本效益指标：
Figure PCTCN2019129969-appb-000024
其中，Q 13为全寿命周期成本效益，H 2为线路不治理方案全寿命周期年费用，H 1为线路治理方案全寿命周期年费用，E 1为线路防雷治理成本(总投资)，LCC 1为线路不治理全寿命周期内总费用，LCC 2为线路治理全寿命周期内总费用，N 1为线路不治理全寿命周期年数(一般取值为30年)，N 2为线路治理全寿命周期年数(取值为已运行年数+30年)。
其中，LCC 1计算公式如下：
LCC 1＝k 1+k 2+k 3+n 1×(k 4+k 5)+n 2×(k 6+k 7×j 1)
式中，k 1为初期建设成本，k 2为历史运维检修费用，k 3为历史防雷治理成本，n 1为发生线路雷害年至治理前年数，k 4为线路雷害年度运行成本，k 5为历年防雷治理年均成本，n 2为剩余计算年数，k 6为正常运行年度不治理的运维检修费用，k 7为历年防雷治理年均成本，j 1为气象调整系数。
LCC 2计算公式如下：
LCC 2＝c 1+c 2+c 3+c 4+m 1×(c 5+c 6)+m 2×c 7
式中，c 1为初期建设成本，c 2为历史运维检修费用+，c 3为历史防雷治理成本，c 4为防雷治理建设成本，m 1为发生线路雷害至治理前年数，c 5为线路雷害年度运行成本，c 6为历年防雷害治理年均成本，m 2为剩余计算年数，c 7为治理后恢复正常运行运维检修费用。
S102：根据多个防雷效能指标的数量，计算多个防雷效能指标分别对应的权重。在一具体实施方式中，如图2所示，可以通过以下几个子步骤实现S102的过程：
S1021：根据多个防雷效能指标的数量构建判断矩阵。在一实施例中，可以通过公式(14)构建判断矩阵：
Figure PCTCN2019129969-appb-000025
其中，A表示判断矩阵；n表示多个防雷效能指标的数量；a ij＝f(x i,x j)，表示指标x i和指标x j之间相比的重要性标度；当i＝j时，a ij＝1；当i≠j时，a ij＝1/a ji。f(x i,x j)的选择方法根据指标x i和x j之间的重要程度由1□9比较尺度得到。
本申请实施例提供的架空线路防雷效能评价方法，通过不同指标之间相比的重要性标度构建判断矩阵，使多个指标之间相互联系起来，有利于提高通过 判断矩阵计算得到的权重的可信度。
S1022：计算判断矩阵的一致性比率，并根据一致性比率判断判断矩阵是否合理。当判断矩阵合理时，执行S1023；当判断矩阵不合理时，返回S1021。
在一具体实施方式中，可以通过公式(15)计算判断矩阵的一致性比率：
Figure PCTCN2019129969-appb-000026
其中，C R表示判断矩阵A的一致性比率；
Figure PCTCN2019129969-appb-000027
表示判断矩阵A的一致性指标；λ max为判断矩阵A的最大特征值；n表示多个防雷效能指标的数量；R 1表示平均随机一致性指标，为与n有关的常数，其取值见表1。当判断矩阵的一致性比率C R小于预设阈值时，可以判定判断矩阵合理。在实际应用中，预设阈值可以设定为0.01。
表1 平均随机一致性指标
Figure PCTCN2019129969-appb-000028
本申请实施例提供的架空线路防雷效能评价方法，充分认识到指标的判断矩阵与客观的指标之间的重要程度存在误差，通过一致性比率对判断矩阵进行一致性校验，从而识别不合理的判断矩阵。
本申请实施例提供的架空线路防雷效能评价方法，通过阈值比较的方式，结合判断矩阵的一致性比率，能够快速识别判断矩阵是否合理，为后续步骤利用判断矩阵计算权重做好准备。
S1023：计算判断矩阵对应的特征向量。在一具体实施方式中，可以通过公式(16)计算判断矩阵对应的特征向量：
Figure PCTCN2019129969-appb-000029
其中，
Figure PCTCN2019129969-appb-000030
表示判断矩阵A对应的特征向量；特征向量
Figure PCTCN2019129969-appb-000031
中的元素
Figure PCTCN2019129969-appb-000032
本申请实施例提供的架空线路防雷效能评价方法，利用公式，并结合判断矩阵，分别计算判断矩阵每一行元素的乘积的n次方根，并将计算结果作为对应指标的权重，能够方便快捷地计算出多个权重的取值。
S1024：对特征向量进行归一化处理，得到归一化特征向量。归一化特征向量中的元素分别为多个防雷效能指标对应的权重。在一具体实施方式中，可以通过公式(17)计算归一化特征向量：
Figure PCTCN2019129969-appb-000033
其中，W表示归一化特征向量；
Figure PCTCN2019129969-appb-000034
表示判断矩阵A对应的特征向量；
Figure PCTCN2019129969-appb-000035
表示特征向量
Figure PCTCN2019129969-appb-000036
中的元素。
本申请实施例提供的架空线路防雷效能评价方法，通过归一化处理使特征向量中多个元素，即多个权重的取值得到均衡处理，有利于客观、合理地反应多个指标的重要程度。
本申请实施例提供的架空线路防雷效能评价方法，通过构建判断矩阵并对判断矩阵的一致性比率进行评价，从而识别判断矩阵是否合理，进而根据合理的判断矩阵计算多个防雷效能指标对应的权重。由于通过判断矩阵建立了多个指标之间的相互关系，从而使权重的计算结果具有更高的可信度。
S103：根据多个防雷效能指标和多个防雷效能指标分别对应的权重，计算架空线路的防雷综合评价指标。由多个防雷效能指标的数值和权重系数可以求得综合评价值。在一具体实施方式中，可以采用公式(18)所示的线性加权模 型计算架空线路的防雷综合评价指标：
Figure PCTCN2019129969-appb-000037
其中，y i为架空线路的防雷综合评价指标，n为指标的个数，x ij为采集的样本j中第i个指标的指标值，ω i为权重的取值，或称为权重系数。
本申请实施例提供的架空线路防雷效能评价方法，从电网线路规划的角度出发，为架空线路生产技改项目投资策略提供有力支撑。充分结合架空线路雷击风险及其雷害理论，风险效益理论以及全周期成本理论，选取了相关影响线路防雷效果的评价指标。该指标体系从宏观角度对架空线路防雷效果进行全方位、多角度的准确评价，有利于多个地区根据当地情况具体分析评价，有利于根据地方特点优化线路的防雷项目投资方案，能够更好地提高设备利用率和节约资源，更好的为经济发展服务。采用网络层次分析法赋权，建立了多个指标之间的相互关系，保证了指标计算的精确度，让计算结果具有更高的可信度。
上述实施例中多个步骤的序号的大小并不意味着执行顺序的先后，多个过程的执行顺序应以其功能和内在逻辑确定，而不应对本申请实施例的实施过程构成限定。
本申请实施例还提供了一种架空线路防雷效能评价装置，如图3所示，该架空线路防雷效能评价装置可以包括：输入单元301和计算单元302。
输入单元301设置为获取架空线路的多个防雷效能指标；其具体的工作过程可参考上述方法实施例中S101所述。
计算单元302设置为根据多个防雷效能指标的数量，计算多个防雷效能指标分别对应的权重，以及设置为根据多个防雷效能指标和多个防雷效能指标分别对应的权重，计算架空线路的防雷综合评价指标；其具体的工作过程可参考 上述方法实施例中S102至S103所述。
本申请实施例提供的架空线路防雷效能评价方法，根据架空线路的多个防雷效能指标，并结合多个防雷效能指标的权重，计算得到架空线路的防雷综合评价指标，实现了对架空线路防雷效能的全面有效评估。
本申请实施例还提供了一种终端设备，如图4所示，该终端设备可以包括处理器401和存储器402，其中处理器401和存储器402可以通过总线或者其他方式连接，图4中以通过总线连接为例。
处理器401可以为中央处理器(Central Processing Unit，CPU)。处理器401还可以为其他通用处理器、数字信号处理器(Digital Signal Processor，DSP)、专用集成电路(Application Specific Integrated Circuit，ASIC)、现场可编程门阵列(Field-Programmable Gate Array，FPGA)或者其他可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件等芯片，或者上述多类芯片的组合。
存储器402作为一种非暂态计算机可读存储介质，可设置为存储非暂态软件程序、非暂态计算机可执行程序以及模块，如本申请实施例中的架空线路防雷效能评价方法对应的程序指令/模块(例如，图3所示的输入单元301和计算单元302)。处理器401通过运行存储在存储器402中的非暂态软件程序、指令以及模块，从而执行处理器的多种功能应用以及数据处理，即实现上述方法实施例中的架空线路防雷效能评价方法。
存储器402可以包括存储程序区和存储数据区，其中，存储程序区可存储操作系统、至少一个功能所需要的应用程序；存储数据区可存储处理器401所创建的数据等。此外，存储器402可以包括高速随机存取存储器，还可以包括非暂态存储器，例如至少一个磁盘存储器件、闪存器件、或其他非暂态固态存 储器件。在一些实施例中，存储器402可选包括相对于处理器401远程设置的存储器，这些远程存储器可以通过网络连接至处理器401。上述网络的实例包括互联网、企业内部网、局域网、移动通信网及其组合。
所述一个或者多个模块存储在所述存储器402中，当被所述处理器401执行时，执行如图1至图2所示实施例中的架空线路防雷效能评价方法。
上述终端设备具体细节可以对应参阅图1至图2所示的实施例中对应的相关描述和效果进行理解，此处不再赘述。
本领域技术人员可以理解，实现上述实施例方法中的全部或部分流程，是可以通过计算机程序来指令相关的硬件来完成，所述的程序可存储于一计算机可读取存储介质中，该程序在执行时，可包括如上述方法的实施例的流程。其中，所述存储介质可为磁碟、光盘、只读存储记忆体(Read-Only Memory，ROM)、随机存储记忆体(Random Access Memory，RAM)、快闪存储器(Flash Memory)、硬盘(Hard Disk Drive，HDD)或固态硬盘(Solid-State Drive，SSD)等；所述存储介质还可以包括上述种类的存储器的组合。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种架空线路防雷效能评价方法，包括：
    获取架空线路的多个防雷效能指标；
    根据所述多个防雷效能指标的数量，计算所述多个防雷效能指标分别对应的权重；
    根据所述多个防雷效能指标和所述多个防雷效能指标分别对应的权重，计算所述架空线路的防雷综合评价指标。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述根据所述多个防雷效能指标的数量，计算所述多个防雷效能指标分别对应的权重，包括：
    根据所述多个防雷效能指标的数量构建判断矩阵；
    计算所述判断矩阵的一致性比率，并根据所述一致性比率判断所述判断矩阵是否合理；
    在所述判断矩阵合理的情况下，计算所述判断矩阵对应的特征向量；
    对所述特征向量进行归一化处理，得到归一化特征向量；所述归一化特征向量中的元素分别为所述多个防雷效能指标对应的权重。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的方法，其中，通过
    Figure PCTCN2019129969-appb-100001
    构建所述判断矩阵；
    其中，A表示所述判断矩阵；n表示所述多个防雷效能指标的数量；a ij＝f(x i,x j)，表示指标x i和指标x j之间相比的重要性标度；当i＝j时，a ij＝1；当i≠j时，ai j＝1/a ji。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的方法，其中，通过
    Figure PCTCN2019129969-appb-100002
    计算所述判断矩阵的一致性比率；
    其中，C R表示所述判断矩阵A的一致性比率；
    Figure PCTCN2019129969-appb-100003
    表示所述判断矩阵A的一致性指标；λ max为所述判断矩阵A的最大特征值；n表示所述多个防雷效能指标的数量；R 1表示平均随机一致性指标，为与所述n有关的常数。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的方法，其中，所述根据所述一致性比率判断所述判断矩阵是否合理，包括：
    判断所述判断矩阵的一致性比率是否小于预设阈值；
    在所述判断矩阵的一致性比率小于预设阈值的情况下，判定所述判断矩阵合理。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的方法，其中，通过
    Figure PCTCN2019129969-appb-100004
    计算所述判断矩阵对应的特征向量；
    其中，
    Figure PCTCN2019129969-appb-100005
    表示所述判断矩阵A对应的特征向量；所述特征向量
    Figure PCTCN2019129969-appb-100006
    中的元素
    Figure PCTCN2019129969-appb-100007
  7. 如权利要求6所述的方法，其中，通过
    Figure PCTCN2019129969-appb-100008
    计算所述归一化特征向量；
    其中，W表示所述归一化特征向量；
    Figure PCTCN2019129969-appb-100009
    表示所述判断矩阵A对应的特征向量；
    Figure PCTCN2019129969-appb-100010
    表示所述特征向量
    Figure PCTCN2019129969-appb-100011
    中的元素。
  8. 一种架空线路防雷效能评价装置，包括：
    输入单元，设置为获取架空线路的多个防雷效能指标；
    计算单元，设置为根据所述多个防雷效能指标的数量，计算所述多个防雷效能指标分别对应的权重；
    所述计算单元还设置为根据所述多个防雷效能指标和所述多个防雷效能指标分别对应的权重，计算所述架空线路的防雷综合评价指标。
  9. 一种终端设备，包括存储器、处理器以及存储在所述存储器中并可在所述处理器上运行的计算机程序，所述处理器执行所述计算机程序时实现如权利要求1至7任一项所述的方法。
  10. 一种计算机可读存储介质，所述计算机可读存储介质存储有计算机程序，所述计算机程序被处理器执行时实现如权利要求1至7任一项所述的方法。
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