WO2020134870A1 - 天线组件及移动终端 - Google Patents

天线组件及移动终端 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020134870A1
WO2020134870A1 PCT/CN2019/122251 CN2019122251W WO2020134870A1 WO 2020134870 A1 WO2020134870 A1 WO 2020134870A1 CN 2019122251 W CN2019122251 W CN 2019122251W WO 2020134870 A1 WO2020134870 A1 WO 2020134870A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
antenna
frame
main
sub
feed point
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2019/122251
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
魏鲲鹏
罗建红
周大为
严斌
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Huawei Technologies Co Ltd filed Critical Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Publication of WO2020134870A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020134870A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular, to an antenna assembly and a mobile terminal.
  • the diversity antenna and the main antenna used in the mobile terminal are generally provided on the top and bottom of the terminal, respectively.
  • the circuit board with the RF front end is located near the top of the terminal, so that the main set antenna is far away from the RF front end.
  • a small board is generally placed near the bottom of the terminal, part of the RF front-end components are placed on the small board, and then the main set antenna is connected to the small board at the lower end of the terminal, and then connected to the The small board and the circuit board are described so that the main antenna is connected to the RF front end of the circuit board, and the cable connection will cause a large insertion loss and affect the RF transmission power.
  • the present application provides an antenna assembly and a mobile terminal, aiming to reduce the insertion loss of the main antenna and the diversity antenna connected to the radio frequency front end in the antenna assembly, and provide better radio frequency transmission power.
  • the present application provides an antenna assembly, the antenna assembly includes a metal frame and a radio frequency front end;
  • the metal frame includes a second frame and a third frame arranged oppositely and a first frame connected between the second frame and the third frame, a part or all of the first frame forms a first antenna, Part or all of the second frame forms a second antenna, one of the first antenna and the second antenna is a main antenna, and the other is a diversity antenna;
  • the RF front end is located inside the metal frame, the distance between the RF front end and the second frame is smaller than the distance between the RF front end and the third frame, the RF front end is connected to the first An antenna and the second antenna.
  • part or all of the first frame forms a first antenna
  • part or all of the second frame forms a second antenna
  • the main antenna, the diversity antenna and the RF front end The distance between them is small, therefore, there is no need to connect the main set antenna and the RF front end through a cable, thereby reducing the insertion loss generated by the RF antenna connecting the main set antenna and the RF front end, and providing better RF transmission power.
  • a primary antenna and a diversity antenna are respectively formed with part or all of the first frame and part or all of the second frame of the metal frame.
  • the antenna assembly further includes a main floor, the main floor is grounded; the main floor is located in the metal frame, and both ends of the first antenna and the second antenna are provided with a main floor Location, the main lower location is connected to the main floor; a first feed point is provided on the first antenna, a second feed point is provided on the second antenna, the first feed point and the first Both feed points are connected to the RF front end, the first antenna excites the main floor to produce a first current parallel to the first frame; the second antenna excites the main floor to produce a first parallel to the second frame Second current.
  • the first antenna excites the main floor to generate the first current at a low frequency
  • the second antenna excites the main floor to generate a second current at a low frequency
  • the first antenna excites the main floor to generate a first current
  • the second antenna excites the main floor to generate a second current
  • the intersection between the first current and the second current makes the main floor
  • the first frame and the second frame are perpendicular, and the first current is orthogonal to the second current direction, so that the main antenna and the diversity antenna
  • the isolation is the best and the envelope correlation coefficient is the lowest.
  • a first slot is provided on the first antenna, and the first slot divides the first antenna into a first sub-section and a second sub-section; the first feed point is located at On the first sub-section, a first capacitor structure is connected between the first feed point and the RF front end.
  • both ends of the first sub-section constitute a parallel distributed inductance in the principle of the left-hand transmission line, and the first capacitor structure is a distributed capacitance structure in the principle of the left-hand transmission line, so that the first sub-section is the In this way, the direction of the current generated by the first sub-section exciting the main floor is more uniformly parallel to the first antenna, so that the isolation between the main antenna and the diversity antenna is better.
  • the main antenna feed is located on the first sub-section, so that the first antenna is a main branch, and the second sub-section is a parasitic branch, so as to assist the parasitic branch
  • the main branch node resonates to supplement the resonance mode through the parasitic branch node, so that the main set antenna can cover a larger operating frequency.
  • a second slot is provided on the second antenna, and the second slot divides the second antenna into a third sub-section and a fourth sub-section; the second feed point is located in the third sub-area On the segment, a second capacitor structure is connected between the second feed point and the radio frequency front end.
  • both ends of the third sub-section form a parallel distributed inductance in the principle of the left-hand transmission line
  • the second capacitor structure is a distributed capacitance structure in the principle of the left-hand transmission line, that is, the third sub-section is a left-hand antenna
  • the current direction generated by the third sub-section exciting the main floor is more uniformly parallel to the second antenna, thereby making the isolation between the main antenna and the diversity antenna better.
  • the first sub-section is away from the second antenna relative to the second sub-section. That is, the main branch of the first antenna is away from the second antenna, thereby further increasing the isolation between the main antenna and the diversity antenna.
  • the isolation degree of the second sub-section relative to the first sub-section is about 10 dB away from the second antenna state, and the first sub-section is relative to the second sub-section The isolation when away from the second antenna state is about 17 dB.
  • a lower point is provided on the first antenna.
  • the lower point of the first antenna and the main floor are connected by a first control switch.
  • the first antenna is provided with a plurality of spaced down points, and a first control switch is connected between each of the down points and the main floor.
  • the first control switch is used to switch between different landing points, so that different positions of the first antenna are connected to the main floor, and the length of the radiator of the first antenna can be changed, thereby changing the main antenna Working frequency, so that the main set antenna can support different working frequency bands.
  • the plurality of lower locations provided on the first antenna include a first lower location provided on the first antenna, and a second sub-section
  • the second lower point of the upper, the first lower point is located on a side of the first feed point away from the second sub-section.
  • the main resonance can be switched by switching the first control switch between the first lower point and the main floor
  • the parasitic resonance can be switched by switching the second control switch between the second lower point and the main floor.
  • the main set antenna can support all frequency bands of low frequency (700-960MHz), intermediate frequency (1700-2200MHz) and high frequency (2300-2700MHz).
  • a lower point or a plurality of spaced lower points are provided on the second antenna, and a second control switch is connected between each lower point and the main floor.
  • the second control switch is used to switch between different landing points, so that different positions of the second antenna are connected to the main floor, and the length of the radiator of the second antenna can be changed, thereby changing the main antenna Working frequency, so that the main set antenna can support different working frequency bands.
  • the lower point provided on the second antenna includes a third lower point and a fourth lower point provided on the third sub-section, and the third lower point The location and the fourth lower location are sequentially located on the side of the second feed point away from the fourth sub-section.
  • the second antenna can work in a low-frequency working frequency band, that is, by switching the third lower point
  • the second control switch between the location and the fourth lower location and the main floor can enable the diversity antenna to support low frequency (700-960MHz), intermediate frequency (1700-2200MHz) and high frequency (2300-2700MHz) All frequency bands.
  • the antenna assembly further includes one or more antenna units
  • the metal frame further includes a fourth frame connected between the first frame and the third frame, Part of the first frame and/or part of the fourth frame form the antenna unit.
  • the antenna unit includes any one or more of a GPS antenna, a WIFI antenna, a MIMO antenna, a WIFI/MIMO two-in-one antenna and a GPS/WIFI/MIMO three-in-one antenna.
  • the antenna unit includes a GPS L5 antenna, a WIFI/MIMO two-in-one antenna, a GPS L1/WIFI/MIMO three-in-one antenna, a radiator of the GPS L5 antenna, and the second The antenna is located on the same side of the metal frame, and the position where the radiator of the GPS L5 antenna is connected to the second antenna is connected to the main floor; part of the fourth frame is the GPS L1/WIFI /MIMO three-in-one antenna radiator, both ends of the GPS L1/WIFI/MIMO three-in-one antenna radiator are connected to the main floor; the WIFI/MIMO two-in-one antenna is located on the GPS L5 antenna Between the GPS L1/WIFI/MIMO three-in-one antenna, one end of the WIFI/MIMO two-in-one antenna close to the GPS L1/WIFI/MIMO three-in-one antenna is connected to the main floor, and the other end is connected to The GPS L5 antennas form gaps at intervals.
  • the GPS L5 antenna is used to receive signals in the GPS L5 frequency band
  • the WIFI/MIMO two-in-one antenna is used to receive WIFI signals or MIMO antenna signals
  • the GPS L1/WIFI/MIMO three-in-one antenna is used to receive GPS L1 frequency band signal or WIFI signal or MIMO antenna signal.
  • the radiator of the GPS L5 antenna and the second antenna are located on the same side of the metal frame, so that each antenna can be closely arranged, so as to reduce the antenna clearance requirement.
  • the radio frequency front end includes a filter, and the filter is used to filter out signals with different operating frequencies from the first antenna or the second antenna.
  • the filter is used to filter out signals with different operating frequencies from the first antenna or the second antenna.
  • the RF front end is connected to the second feed point and the first feed point through a double-pole double-throw switch;
  • the RF front end includes a transmitting unit, a main set receiving unit, and diversity receiving Unit
  • the double-pole double-throw switch has a first state and a second state, and when the double-pole double-throw switch is in the first state, the first feed point is connected to the transmitting unit and the main set receiving unit , The second feed point is connected to the diversity receiving unit; when the double-pole double-throw switch is in the second state, the second feed point is connected to the transmitting unit and the main set receiving unit, the The first feed point is connected to the diversity receiving unit.
  • the present application also provides a mobile terminal.
  • the mobile terminal includes a display screen and the antenna assembly.
  • the metal frame of the antenna assembly is a frame of the mobile terminal. On the border.
  • the frame includes a pair of upper frame, lower frame, and a side frame between the upper frame and the lower frame.
  • the first frame of the antenna assembly is the side frame
  • the second frame of the antenna assembly is part of the upper frame.
  • the main antenna and the diversity antenna are respectively arranged at the positions of the adjacent upper frame and side frame of the frame of the mobile terminal, instead of setting the main antenna at the position of the lower frame.
  • the pulling or bending of the mobile phone ensures the reliability of the mobile terminal, and can avoid the influence of the bottom motion mechanism on the efficiency of the main set antenna in the special mobile terminal architecture.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna assembly according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an antenna assembly according to an embodiment of the present application exciting current generated on a main floor;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna assembly according to another embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 4 is an analysis diagram of the isolation between the main antenna and the diversity antenna at different operating frequencies in the antenna assembly of the two embodiments of FIG. 1 and FIG. 3;
  • FIG 5 is an analysis diagram of the isolation between the main antenna and the diversity antenna at low frequencies in an antenna assembly according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 6 is an analysis diagram of the isolation between the main antenna and the diversity antenna at an intermediate frequency in an antenna assembly according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG 7 is an analysis diagram of the isolation between the main antenna and the diversity antenna at high frequencies in an antenna assembly according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna assembly according to another embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna assembly according to another embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a mobile terminal according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the antenna assembly 100 includes a metal frame 40 and a circuit board 50.
  • the metal frame 40 includes a second frame 42 and a third frame 43 disposed oppositely, and a first frame 41 connected between the second frame 42 and the third frame 43. Part or all of the first frame 41 forms the first antenna 10, and part or all of the second frame 42 forms the second antenna 20.
  • one of the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 is a main antenna and the other is a diversity antenna.
  • the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 are both radiators of the antenna unit.
  • the circuit board 50 is provided with a radio frequency front end and a connection line, and the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 are respectively connected to the radio frequency front end through the connection line.
  • the circuit board 50 is located inside the metal frame 40, and the distance between the RF front end and the second frame 42 is smaller than the distance between the RF front end and the third frame 43, the RF The front end connects the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20.
  • the first frame 41 forms the first antenna
  • part or all of the second frame 42 forms the second antenna 20, so that the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20
  • the distance between the RF front ends is relatively small, therefore, there is no need to connect the first antenna 10 and the RF front end through a cable, thereby reducing the insertion loss caused by the RF antenna connecting the first antenna 10 and the RF front end, and providing a better RF transmission power.
  • the insertion loss of the antenna assembly 100 is 0.5 dB
  • the insertion loss of the antenna assembly 100 is 0.8dB-1dB.
  • the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 are formed by part or all of the first frame 41 and part or all of the second frame 42 of the metal frame 40, respectively, when the antenna assembly 100 is applied
  • the metal frame 40 can be used as a side frame of the terminal, thereby reducing the components of the terminal, specifically, the components in the frame of the terminal can be reduced, so that the narrow frame of the terminal can be further realized.
  • the circuit board 50 is a square board.
  • the circuit board 50 includes a first side 51 and a second side 52 that intersect.
  • the first antenna 10 is located on one side of the first side 51.
  • the second antenna 20 is located on one side of the second side 52.
  • the circuit board 50 may also have any other shape, and the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 are located on two sides of the circuit board 50 that intersect each other .
  • the metal frame 40 is a square frame
  • the first frame 41 is parallel to the first side 51
  • the second frame 42 is parallel to the second side 52.
  • the antenna assembly 100 further includes a grounded main floor 30, and the main floor 30 is located in the metal frame 40.
  • the circuit boards 50 are stacked and fixed on the main floor 30.
  • the main floor 30 may also be integrated with the circuit board 50 as a whole.
  • a hole may be formed in the main floor 30, and the circuit board 50 may be fixedly disposed in the hole to reduce the volume occupied by the circuit board 50.
  • the circuit board 50 is a PCB board, and the circuit board 50 is provided with a radio frequency front end and a connection line.
  • the radio frequency front end includes a radio frequency transceiver chip 53, a transmitting unit 54 connected to the radio frequency transceiver chip 53, a main set receiving unit 55, and a diversity receiving unit 56.
  • the transmitting unit 54 is used to up-convert and amplify the signal processed by the RF transceiver chip 53 and then transmit it through the antenna (the first antenna 10 or the second antenna 20); the main set receiving unit 55
  • the diversity receiving unit 56 is used to perform frequency selection, amplification, down conversion and other processing on the signals received by the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 and send them to the RF transceiver chip 53.
  • a first feed point 11 is provided on the first antenna 10
  • a second feed point 21 is provided on the second antenna 20, and the first feed point 11 and the second feed point 21 are both
  • the RF front end is connected to realize signal transmission between the RF front end and the first antenna 10 through the first feed point 11; the RF front end and the second antenna are realized through the second feed point 21 20 for signal transmission.
  • the transmitting unit 54, the main set receiving unit 55 and the diversity receiving unit 56 of the RF front end are respectively connected to the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 through a double-pole double-throw switch .
  • the double-pole double-throw switch has a first state and a second state.
  • the first feed point 11 When the double-pole double-throw switch is in the first state, the first feed point 11 is connected to the transmitting unit 54 and the main set receiving unit 55, and the second feed point 21 is connected to the diversity receiving unit 56 connection, at this time, the first antenna 10 is the main antenna and the second antenna 20 is the diversity antenna; when the double-pole double-throw switch is in the second state, the second feed point 21 and the The transmitting unit 54 and the main receiving unit 55 are connected, the first feed point 11 is connected to the diversity receiving unit 56, the second antenna 20 is a main antenna, and the first antenna 10 is a diversity antenna.
  • the double-pole double-throw switch is in a first state
  • the first antenna 10 is a main antenna
  • the second antenna 20 is a diversity antenna.
  • Both ends of the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 are provided with a main lower point, and the main lower point is connected to the main floor 30.
  • the main lower point and the main floor 30 are connected by a metal block 61, so that the position of the main lower point is defined by the positions of the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 at both ends
  • the lengths of the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 further adjust the operating frequency range of the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20.
  • the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 intersect, and the position where the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 intersect is connected to the main floor through the same metal block 61 30.
  • the isolation between the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 can be adjusted, and the metal can be removed by the metal block 61.
  • the frame 40 is stably fixed to the main floor 30.
  • the metal block 61 and the metal frame 40 have an integrated structure. It can be understood that, in other embodiments of the present application, the main lower point and the main floor 30 may also be connected by an elastic sheet or a flexible circuit board.
  • the first feed point 11, the second feed point 21 and the RF front end are all connected by a coaxial line, and the outer conductor of the coaxial line is connected to the main floor 30, so The inner conductor of the coaxial cable is connected to the front end of the radio frequency, and the outer conductor and the inner conductor of the coaxial cable are insulated and spaced apart.
  • the first antenna 10 excites the main floor 30 to generate a first current parallel to the first antenna 10; the second antenna 20 excites the main floor 30 to produce a parallel current to the first The second current of the second antenna 20. Since the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 intersect, that is, the first current and the second current intersect, so that there is a certain isolation between the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 degree. In an embodiment of the present application, the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 are perpendicular, that is, the direction of the first current and the second current are orthogonal, so that the first antenna 10 is in this state The isolation from the second antenna 20 is the best, and the envelope correlation coefficient is the lowest. In this embodiment, the first current and the second current are obtained by exciting the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 at a low frequency.
  • the first antenna 10 is provided with a first slot 411, and the first slot 411 divides the first antenna 10 into a first sub-section 412 and a second ⁇ subsection 413.
  • the first feed point 11 is located on the first sub-section 412.
  • the first sub-section 412 is a main branch of the first antenna 10
  • the second sub-section 413 is a parasitic branch of the first antenna 10.
  • the parasitic branch assists the main branch in resonance, and the parasitic branch supplements the resonance mode so that the first antenna 10 can cover a larger operating frequency.
  • a first capacitor structure is also connected between the first feed point 11 and the RF front end, and the main branch node is a left-handed (LH) antenna, so that the main branch node can excite the main floor 30 generates a first current that is more concentrated in the direction of the first antenna to achieve better isolation between the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20.
  • both ends of the first sub-section 412 form a parallel distributed inductance in the principle of the left-hand transmission line
  • the first capacitor structure is a distributed capacitance structure in the principle of the left-hand transmission line, so that the first sub-section 412 is The form of the left-hand antenna.
  • a second slot 421 is provided on the second antenna 20, and the second slot 421 divides the second antenna 20 into a third sub-section 422 and a fourth sub-section Section 423.
  • the second feed point 21 is located on the third sub-section 422.
  • a second capacitor structure is connected between the second feed point 21 and the RF front end, so that the third sub-section 422 is a left-handed (LH) antenna, so that the second antenna 20 can excite the
  • the main floor 30 generates a second current that is more concentrated in the direction of the second antenna 20 to achieve better isolation between the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20.
  • both ends of the third sub-section 422 form a parallel distributed inductance in the principle of the left-hand transmission line
  • the second capacitor structure is a distributed capacitance structure in the principle of the left-hand transmission line, so that the third sub-section 422 is The form of the left-hand antenna.
  • the second antenna 20 excites the flow of the second current of the main floor 30 in a more concentrated direction along the second antenna 20.
  • the 0.5-wavelength mode on the long side that is, when the length from the first feed point 11 on the first sub-section 412 to the main lower point of the first antenna 10 is 0.5-wavelength
  • the The first antenna 10 excites the flow of the first current of the main floor 30 in a more concentrated direction along the first antenna 10.
  • the length from the second feed point 21 on the third sub-section 422 to the main lower point of the second antenna 20 is 0.5 times the wavelength; on the first sub-section 412
  • the length from the first feed point 11 to the main lower point of the first antenna 10 is 0.5 times the wavelength, so that the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 have better isolation.
  • the first sub-section 412 is away from the second antenna 20 relative to the second sub-section 413; the third sub-section 422 is relative to the fourth sub-section 423 is away from the first antenna 10, that is, the main branch of the first antenna 10 is away from the second antenna 20, thereby further increasing the isolation 20 of the first antenna 10 from the diversity antenna.
  • the second sub-section 413 may also be away from the second antenna 20 relative to the first sub-section 412.
  • FIG. 4 is a comparison diagram of the isolation between the antenna assembly of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 and the embodiment of FIG. 3 at different operating frequencies.
  • the abscissa of the figure is frequency and the unit is GHz; the ordinate is isolation and the unit is dB. It can be seen from the figure that in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the isolation between the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 is the largest at 0.92828 GHz, reaching 16.937 dB; for the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, At 0.9347 GHz, the isolation between the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 is the largest, reaching 10.164 dB.
  • FIG. 5 to FIG. 7 show that the distance between the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 of the antenna assembly 100 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 is less than 0.5 times the wavelength. 700-960MHz), the isolation diagram of the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 at the intermediate frequency (1700-2200MHz) and high frequency (2300-2700MHz).
  • the abscissa of the figure is frequency and the unit is GHz; the ordinate is isolation and the unit is dB.
  • the isolation between the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 is greater than 17.346 dB; from FIG.
  • the isolation of the second antenna 20 is greater than 18.56dB; as can be seen from FIG. 7, at high frequencies, the isolation of the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 is greater than 12.467dB. That is to say, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the isolation between the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 in each frequency band (low frequency, intermediate frequency, high frequency) is greater than 12 dB, and has a good envelope correlation coefficient (ECC ), that is, the isolation between the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 is better.
  • ECC envelope correlation coefficient
  • the first antenna 10 is provided with a lower point or multiple lower points.
  • the lower point of each first antenna 10 and the main floor 30 are connected by a first control switch.
  • the first control switch is used to switch between different landing points, so that different positions of the first antenna 10 are connected to the main floor 30, the length of the radiator of the first antenna 10 can be changed, and then the first An operating frequency of an antenna 10, so that the first antenna 10 can support different operating frequency bands.
  • the lower point of the first antenna 10 and the main floor 30 are connected by a spring sheet or a flexible circuit board, and the first control switch may be connected to the Describe the flexible circuit board.
  • the lower location provided on the first antenna 10 includes a first lower location 621 provided on the first sub-section 412, and a second location provided on the second The second lower point 622 on the sub-section 413, so that the main resonance can be switched by switching the first control switch between the first lower point 621 and the main floor 30, and by switching between the second lower point 622 and the main floor 30
  • the first control switch switches the parasitic resonance.
  • the second lower point 621 is located on a side of the first feed point 11 away from the second sub-section 413. It can be understood that, in other embodiments of the present application, the first lower point 611 and the second lower point 622 may be located at other positions on the first antenna 10.
  • the main control resonance is switched by switching the first control switch between the first lower point 621 and the main floor 30, and the parasitic main resonance is switched by switching the first control switch between the second lower point 621 and the main floor 30.
  • the main set antenna 10 can support all frequency bands of low frequency (700-960MHz), intermediate frequency (1700-2200MHz), and high frequency (2300-2700MHz), and in each frequency band, the main resonance works with the parasitic resonance.
  • the second antenna 20 is provided with a lower point or a plurality of spaced lower points, between the lower point of the second antenna 20 and the main floor 30 Connected via the second control switch.
  • the second control switch is used to switch between different lower locations, so that different positions of the second antenna 20 are connected to the main floor 30, and the length of the radiator of the second antenna 20 can be changed, thereby changing the main The working frequency of the set antenna, so that the main set antenna can support different working frequency bands.
  • the lower point provided on the second antenna 20 includes a third lower point 623 and a fourth lower point 624 provided on the third sub-section 422.
  • the third lower point 623 and the fourth lower point 624 are sequentially located on the side of the second feed point 21 away from the fourth sub-section 423.
  • the second antenna 20 can work in the low frequency working frequency band, That is, by switching the second control switch between the third lower point 623 and the fourth lower point 624 and the main floor 30, the diversity antenna can support low frequency (700-960MHz) and intermediate frequency (1700 -2200) and high frequency (2300-2700) all frequency bands.
  • the antenna assembly 100 further includes one or more antenna units 70 to cooperate with the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 through the antenna unit 70 Realize the communication of multiple signals. Furthermore, the antenna unit 70 and the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20 can work simultaneously, thereby enabling simultaneous transmission of signals in multiple frequency bands.
  • the antenna unit 70 is also located around the circuit board 50 and uses a part of the metal frame 40 as a radiation portion. Therefore, the distance between the antenna unit 70 and the circuit board 50 is shortened, and the insertion loss caused by the radio frequency front end connected to the antenna unit 70 and the circuit board 50 by the cable is reduced.
  • the metal frame 40 further includes a fourth frame 44 connected between the second frame 42 and the third frame 43, the fourth frame 44 is opposite to the first frame 41 , Part of the second frame 42 and/or part of the fourth frame 44 form a radiator of the antenna unit 70.
  • the antenna unit 70 may include any one or more of a GPS antenna, a WIFI antenna, a MIMO antenna, a WIFI/MIMO two-in-one antenna, and a GPS/WIFI/MIMO three-in-one antenna.
  • the antenna unit 70 includes a GPS L5 antenna 71, a WIFI/MIMO two-in-one antenna 72, and a GPS L1/WIFI/MIMO three-in-one antenna 73.
  • the GPS L5 antenna 71 is used to receive GPS L5 frequency band signals
  • the WIFI/MIMO two-in-one antenna 72 is used to receive WIFI signals or MIMO antenna signals
  • the GPS L1/WIFI/MIMO three-in-one antenna 73 is used to receive signals in the GPS L1 frequency band or WIFI signals or MIMO antenna signals.
  • the antenna unit 70 may also be other types of antenna units, for example, antennas for receiving signals of various frequency bands of the Beidou satellite positioning system.
  • the radiator of the GPS L5 antenna 71 and the second antenna 20 are both part of the first frame 41 of the metal frame 40, so that the antennas can be closely arranged to reduce the antenna's clearance requirements .
  • the radiator of the GPS L5 antenna 71 is far away from the first antenna 10 relative to the second antenna 20.
  • the position where the radiator of the GPS L5 antenna 71 is connected to the second antenna 20 is connected to the main floor 30 through a connector such as an elastic sheet or a flexible current plate.
  • the fourth frame 44 described in part is the radiator of the GPS L1/WIFI/MIMO three-in-one antenna 73, and both ends of the radiator of the GPS L1/WIFI/MIMO three-in-one antenna 73 also pass through elastic sheets or flexible A connecting piece such as a current plate is connected to the main floor 30.
  • the radiator of the GPS L1/WIFI/MIMO three-in-one antenna 73 is provided with a fourth slot 441, through which the radiator of the GPS L1/WIFI/MIMO three-in-one antenna 73 is divided into There are two parts, one of which is provided with a third feed point 731 connected to the RF front end of the circuit board 50. In this embodiment, the third feed point 731 is connected to the circuit board 50 through an elastic sheet.
  • a capacitive structure is further connected between the third feed point 731 and the circuit board 50, so that the GPS L1/WIFI/MIMO triple antenna 73 forms a left-hand antenna Structure to stimulate the main floor 30 to generate a third current parallel to the first antenna 10, so as to achieve better isolation between the GPS L1/WIFI/MIMO three-in-one antenna 73 and other antennas.
  • the fourth slot 441 is disposed opposite to the first slot 411 on the first antenna 10, so that the metal frame 40 has a better appearance effect, and at the same time, the metal frame 40 is more Easy to process.
  • the WIFI/MIMO two-in-one antenna 72 is located between the GPS L5 antenna 71 and the GPS L1/WIFI/MIMO three-in-one antenna 73, and the WIFI/MIMO two-in-one antenna 72 is close to the GPS L1/ One end of the WIFI/MIMO three-in-one antenna 73 is connected to the main floor 30, and the other end is spaced apart from the GPS L5 antenna 71 to form a third slot 431.
  • the third slot 431 is larger than the size of the first slot 411, so that the isolation between the GPS L5 antenna 71 and the WIFI/MIMO two-in-one antenna 72 is large, and the antennas are avoided The mutual influence.
  • a fourth feed point 711 is provided on the GPS L5 antenna 71, and the fourth feed point 711 is connected to the radio frequency front end through a shrapnel, so as to realize the sending and receiving function of the GPS L5 antenna 71.
  • a fifth feed point 721 is provided on the WIFI/MIMO two-in-one antenna 72, and the fifth feed point 721 is connected to the radio frequency front end through an elastic sheet, so as to realize the sending and receiving function of the WIFI/MIMO two-in-one antenna 72.
  • the radio frequency front end includes a filter, and the filter is used to filter out signals with different operating frequencies from the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20.
  • the filter is used to filter out signals with different operating frequencies from the first antenna 10 and the second antenna 20.
  • the present application also provides a mobile terminal 200.
  • the mobile terminal 200 includes a display screen 210 and a back cover 220 opposite to the display screen 210, and is provided on the display screen 210 and the The bezel 230 between the back cover 220, and the antenna assembly 100, the display screen 210 and the back cover 220 are fixed on the bezel 230.
  • the frame 230 is metal
  • the frame 230 is the metal frame 40 of the antenna assembly 100.
  • the frame 230 includes an upper frame 231, a lower frame 232, and two side frames 233 located between the upper frame 231 and the lower frame 232 and opposite to each other.
  • the first frame 41 of the metal frame 40 of the antenna assembly 100 is one side frame 233, and the fourth frame 44 is another side frame 233.
  • the second frame 42 is the upper frame 231
  • the third frame 43 of the antenna assembly 100 is the lower frame 232.
  • the two antennas 20 are respectively disposed on the lower frame 232 and the upper frame 231, so that there is no clearance requirement near the lower frame 232 of the mobile terminal 200, which is beneficial to the realization of the mobile device 200 with a very small chin.
  • there is no need to connect the circuit board 50 and the bottom small board through a cable so that it can be adapted to the needs of special mobile terminal 200 architectures such as slide covers, flip covers, and bottom pop-ups.
  • the pulling or bending caused by the cable ensures the reliability of the mobile terminal 200, and can avoid the influence of the bottom motion mechanism on the efficiency of the main antenna in the special mobile terminal 200 architecture.

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Abstract

本申请提供一种天线组件及移动终端。其中，天线组件包括相对设置的第一边框和第三边框及连接在所述第一边框与所述第三边框之间的第二边框，金属框的第一边框的部分或全部形成第一天线，金属框的第二边框的部分或全部形成第二天线，所述第一天线和所述第二天线中的一者为主集天线、另一者为分集天线。并且，连接主集天线与分集天线的射频前端与第一边框之间的间距小于射频前端与第三边框之间的间距，使得主集天线与分集天线之间与射频前端之间的距离均较小，不需要设置连接线路板与小板的电缆，从而减小线缆连接产生的插损，提供较优的射频传输功率。

Description

天线组件及移动终端
本申请要求在2018年12月29日提交中国国家知识产权局、申请号为201811654722.3、发明名称为“天线组件及移动终端”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种天线组件及移动终端。
背景技术
现有技术中，应用于移动终端中的分集天线及主集天线一般分别设置于终端的顶部及底部。其中，设有射频前端的线路板位于终端靠近所述顶部的位置，使得主集天线与射频前端较远。现有技术中，一般在终端靠近底部的位置设置一小板，将部分射频前端元件设置于小板上，再将主集天线与位于所述终端下端的小板连接，再通过线缆连接所述小板与线路板，以使主集天线与线路板上的射频前端连接，而线缆连接会产生较大的插损，影响射频传输功率。
发明内容
本申请提供一种天线组件及移动终端，旨在减小所述天线组件中的主集天线与分集天线与射频前端连接的插损，提供较优的射频传输功率。
第一方面，本申请提供一种天线组件，所述天线组件包括金属框和射频前端；
所述金属框包括相对设置的第二边框和第三边框及连接在所述第二边框与所述第三边框之间的第一边框，所述第一边框的部分或全部形成第一天线，所述第二边框的部分或全部形成第二天线，所述第一天线和所述第二天线中的一者为主集天线、另一者为分集天线；
所述射频前端位于所述金属框的内侧，所述射频前端与所述第二边框之间的间距小于所述射频前端与所述第三边框之间的间距，所述射频前端连接所述第一天线和所述第二天线。
本申请中，由于所述第一边框的部分或全部形成第一天线，所述第二边框的部分或全部形成第二天线，使得所述主集天线与所述分集天线与所述射频前端之间的距离均较小，因此，不需要通过线缆连接所述主集天线与射频前端，从而减小射频天线连接主集天线与射频前端产生的插损，提供较优的射频传输功率。并且，本申请中，分别以所述金属框的部分或者全部的第一边框及部分或者全部的第二边框形成主集天线与分集天线，当将所述天线组件应用至终端中时，能够以所述金属框作为终端的侧框，从而减少终端的部件。
本申请一些实施例中，所述天线组件还包括主地板，所述主地板接地；所述主地板位于所述金属框内，所述第一天线及第二天线的两端均设有主下地点，所述主下地点连接至所述主地板；所述第一天线上设有第一馈点，所述第二天线上设有第二馈点，所述第一馈点与所述第二馈点均与所述射频前端连接，所述第一天线激励所述主地板产生平行于第一边框的第一电流；所述第二天线激励所述主地板产生平行于第二边框的第二电流。
本实施例中，所述第一天线在低频下激励所述主地板产生所述第一电流，所述第二天线在低频下激励所述主地板产生第二电流。
通过所述第一天线激励所述主地板产生第一电流，所述第二天线激励所述主地板产生第二电流，且由于所述第一电流与所述第二电流之间相交，使得主集天线与分集天线之间具有一定的隔离度。
具体的，本申请一实施例中，所述第一边框及所述第二边框垂直，所述第一电流与所述第二电流方向正交，从而使得所述主集天线与所述分集天线之间隔离度最好，包络相关系数最低。
一些实施例中，所述第一天线上设有第一缝隙，所述第一缝隙将所述第一天线分为第一子区段以及第二子区段；所述第一馈点位于所述第一子区段上，所述第一馈点与所述射频前端之间连接有第一电容结构。其中，所述第一子区段的两端构成左手传输线原理中的并联分布电感，所述第一电容结构为左手传输线原理中的分布电容结构，使得所述第一子区段为左手天线的形式，从而使得所述第一子区段激励所述主地板产生的电流方向更加统一的平行于所述第一天线，从而使得主集天线与分集天线之间的隔离度更好。并且，所述主集天线馈电位于所述第一子区段上，从而使得所述第一天线为主枝节，所述第二子区段为寄生枝节，以通过所述寄生枝节辅助所述主枝节进行谐振，以通过所述寄生枝节补充谐振模式，使得所述主集天线能够覆盖更大的工作频率。
所述第二天线上设有第二缝隙，所述第二缝隙将所述第二天线分为第三子区段及第四子区段；所述第二馈点位于所述第三子区段上，所述第二馈点与所述射频前端之间连接有第二电容结构。其中，所述第三子区段的两端构成左手传输线原理中的并联分布电感，所述第二电容结构为左手传输线原理中的分布电容结构，即使得所述第三子区段为左手天线的形式，使得所述第三子区段激励所述主地板产生的电流方向更加统一的平行于所述第二天线，从而使得主集天线与分集天线之间的隔离度更好。
本申请的一些实施例中，所述第一子区段相对于第二子区段远离所述第二天线。，即使得所述第一天线的主枝节远离所述第二天线，从而进一步的增加所述主集天线与分集天线的隔离度。本申请一实施例中，所述第二子区段相对于第一子区段远离所述第二天线状态时的隔离度约为10dB，所述第一子区段相对于第二子区段远离所述第二天线状态时的隔离度约为17dB。
本申请一些实施例中，所述第一天线上设有一个下地点所述第一天线的所述下地点与所述主地板之间通过第一控制开关连接。
另一些实施例中，所述第一天线上设有多个间隔设置的下地点，每个所述下地点与所述主地板之间均连接有第一控制开关。通过所述第一控制开关切换不同的下地点，使得所述第一天线的不同位置与所述主地板连接，能够改变所述第一天线的辐射体的长度，进而改变所述主集天线的工作频率，以使得所述主集天线能够支持不同的工作频段。
具体的，本申请一实施例中，设于所述第一天线上的多个所述下地点包括设于所述第一天线上的第一下地点，以及设于所述第二子区段上的第二下地点，所述第一下地点位于所述第一馈点背离所述第二子区段的一侧。通过切换第一下地点与主地板之间的第一控制开关能够切换主谐振，通过切换第二下地点与主地板之间的第二控制开关能够切换寄生谐振。本实施例中，通过切换所述主谐振及寄生谐振，使得所述主集天线能够支持低频(700-960MHz)，中频(1700-2200MHz)和高频(2300-2700MHz)所有频段。
进一步的，本申请的一些实施例中，所述第二天线上设有一个下地点或多个间隔的下地点，每个所述下地点与所述主地板之间连接有第二控制开关。通过所述第二控制开关切换不 同的下地点，使得所述第二天线的不同位置与所述主地板连接，能够改变所述第二天线的辐射体的长度，进而改变所述主集天线的工作频率，以使得所述主集天线能够支持不同的工作频段。
具体的，本申请一实施例中，设于所述第二天线上的所述下地点包括设于所述第三子区段上的第三下地点及第四下地点，所述第三下地点及所述第四下地点依次位于所述第二馈点远离第四子区段的一侧。通过切换第三下地点与所述主地板之间的第二控制开关切换至高频工作频段、通过切换所述第四下地点与所述主地板之间的第二控制开关切换至中频工作频段，所述第三下地点、第四下地点与所述主地板之间的第二控制开关均断开时，所述第二天线能够在低频工作频段下工作，即通过切换所述第三下地点与所述第四下地点与所述主地板之间的第二控制开关，能够使得所述分集天线能够支持低频(700-960MHz)，中频(1700-2200MHz)和高频(2300-2700MHz)所有频段。
进一步的，本申请的一些实施例中，所述天线组件还包括一个或者多个天线单元，所述金属框还包括连接于所述第一边框与所述第三边框之间的第四边框，部分所述第一边框和/或部分所述第四边框形成所述天线单元。通过补充所述天线单元，能够增加所述天线组件的接收信号的范围，并能够通过所述天线单元与所述主集天线及分集天线能够同时工作，从而能够实现多种频段信号的同时传递。并且，所述第一边框和/或所述第四边框形成所述天线单元，使得天线单元与所述射频前端之间的距离也比较小，从而减少所述天线组件的插损。
其中，所述天线单元包括GPS天线、WIFI天线、MIMO天线、WIFI/MIMO二合一天线以及GPS/WIFI/MIMO三合一天线中任意一者或者多者。
具体的，本申请一实施例中，所述天线单元包括GPS L5天线、WIFI/MIMO二合一天线以及GPS L1/WIFI/MIMO三合一天线所述GPS L5天线的辐射体与所述第二天线位于所述金属框的同一侧边，且所述GPS L5天线的辐射体与所述第二天线连接的位置与所述主地板连接；部分的所述第四边框为所述GPS L1/WIFI/MIMO三合一天线的辐射体，所述GPS L1/WIFI/MIMO三合一天线的辐射体的两端与所述主地板连接；所述WIFI/MIMO二合一天线位于所述GPS L5天线与所述GPS L1/WIFI/MIMO三合一天线之间，所述WIFI/MIMO二合一天线靠近所述GPS L1/WIFI/MIMO三合一天线的一端与所述主地板连接，另一端与所述GPS L5天线间隔形成缝隙。
所述GPS L5天线用于接收GPS L5频段的信号，所述WIFI/MIMO二合一天线用于接收WIFI信号或者MIMO天线的信号，所述GPS L1/WIFI/MIMO三合一天线用于接收GPS L1频段的信号或者WIFI信号或者MIMO天线的信号。并且，本实施例中，所述GPS L5天线的辐射体与所述第二天线位于所述金属框的同一侧边，以使得各个天线能够紧密设置，以减少天线的净空要求。
本实施例中，所述射频前端包括滤波器，所述滤波器用于滤去与所述第一天线或第二天线的工作频率不同的信号。通过设置所述滤波器，能够减少所述第一天线及第二天线的信号与其它天线单元的信号的相互干扰，即增加所述第一天线及第二天线与其它天线单元的隔离度。
本申请的一些实施例中，所述射频前端通过双刀双掷开关连接至所述第二馈点与所述第一馈点连接；所述射频前端包括发射单元、主集接收单元及分集接收单元，所述双刀双掷开关具有第一状态及第二状态，所述双刀双掷开关位于第一状态时，所述第一馈点与所述发射单元及所述主集接收单元连接，所述第二馈点与所述分集接收单元连接；所述双刀双掷开关 位于第二状态时，所述第二馈点与所述发射单元及所述主集接收单元连接，所述第一馈点与所述分集接收单元连接。通过切换所述双刀双掷开关的状态，能够切换所述主集天线与分集天线，以适应实际使用的需求。
第二方面，本申请还提供一种移动终端，所述移动终端包括显示屏及所述的天线组件，所述天线组件的金属框为所述移动终端的边框，所述显示屏扣合于所述边框上。
本申请一实施例中，所述边框包括相对对设置的上边框、下边框以及位于所述上边框与所述下边框之间的侧边框，所述天线组件的第一边框为所述侧边框，所述天线组件的第二边框为所述上边框的一部分。
本申请中，通过将所述主集天线与所述分集天线分别设置于所述移动终端的边框的相邻的上边框及侧边框位置，而不是将主集天线设置于下边框的位置，从而减小了移动终端下边框附近的位置没有净空要求，有利于极小下巴的移动设备的实现。并且，不需要通过电缆连接线路板与底部小板，从而能够适用于滑盖、翻盖、底部弹出等特殊的移动终端架构的需求，避免在滑盖、翻盖或底部弹出等过程中对线缆造成的拉扯或者弯折，保证移动终端的可靠性，并能够避免特殊的移动终端架构中底部运动机构对主集天线效率的影响。
附图说明
为更清楚地阐述本申请的构造特征和功效，下面结合附图与具体实施例来对其进行详细说明。
图1为本申请一种实施例的天线组件的结构示意图；
图2为本申请一种实施例的天线组件激励主地板上产生的电流的示意图；
图3为本申请另一种实施例的天线组件的结构示意图；
图4为图1及图3两种实施例的天线组件中的主集天线与分集天线在不同工作频率下的隔离度的分析图；
图5为本申请一种实施例的天线组件中的主集天线与分集天线在低频下的隔离度的分析图；
图6为本申请一种实施例的天线组件中的主集天线与分集天线在中频下的隔离度的分析图；
图7为本申请一种实施例的天线组件中的主集天线与分集天线在高频下的隔离度的分析图；
图8为本申请另一种实施例的天线组件的结构示意图；
图9为本申请另一种实施例的天线组件的结构示意图；
图10为本申请一实施例的移动终端的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。
请参阅图1，本申请提供一种天线组件100，所述天线组件100包括金属框40以及线路板50。所述金属框40包括相对设置的第二边框42和第三边框43及连接在所述第二边框42与所述第三边框43之间的第一边框41。所述第一边框41的部分或全部形成第一天线10，所述第二边框42的部分或全部形成第二天线20。本申请中，所述第一天线10和所述第二天线 20中的一者为主集天线、另一者为分集天线。其中，所述第一天线10及第二天线20均为天线单元的辐射体。所述线路板50上设有射频前端以及连接线路，所述第一天线10与所述第二天线20分别通过所述连接线路与所述射频前端连接。所述线路板50位于所述金属框40的内侧，且所述射频前端与所述第二边框42之间的间距小于所述射频前端与所述第三边框43之间的间距，所述射频前端连接所述第一天线10和所述第二天线20。
由于所述第一边框41的部分或全部形成第一天线10，所述第二边框42的部分或全部形成第二天线20，使得所述第一天线10与所述第二天线20与所述射频前端之间的距离均较小，因此，不需要通过线缆连接所述第一天线10与射频前端，从而减小射频天线连接第一天线10与射频前端产生的插损，提供较优的射频传输功率。具体的，本实施例中，通过将所述第一天线10与第二天线20设于所述线路板50的相邻的两侧，在低频下，所述天线组件100的插损为0.5dB；在高频下，所述天线组件100的插损为0.8dB-1dB。并且，本申请中，分别以所述金属框40的部分或者全部的第一边框41及部分或者全部的第二边框42形成第一天线10与第二天线20，当将所述天线组件100应用至终端中时，能够以所述金属框40作为终端的侧框，从而减少终端的部件，具体为能够减小设置终端的边框内的部件，从而能够进一步的实现终端的窄边框。
本实施例中，所述线路板50为方形板，所述线路板50包括相交的第一边51以及第二边52，所述第一天线10位于所述第一边51的一侧，所述第二天线20位于所述第二边52的一侧。可以理解的是，在本申请的其它实施例中，所述线路板50也可以为其它的任何形状，所述第一天线10及第二天线20分别位于所述线路板50周围相交的两侧。
本申请一些实施例中，所述金属框40为方形框，所述第一边框41与所述第一边51平行，所述第二边框42与所述第二边52平行。
本申请一些实施例中，所述天线组件100还包括接地的主地板30，所述主地板30位于所述金属框40内。所述线路板50层叠固定于所述主地板30上。可以理解的是，在本申请的其它实施例中，所述主地板30也可以与所述线路板50结合为一个整体。例如，可以在所述主地板30上开孔，并将所述线路板50固定设于所述开孔内，以减小所述线路板50所占用的体积。所述线路板50为PCB板，所述线路板50上设有射频前端及连接线路。所述射频前端包括射频收发芯片53、与所述射频收发芯片53连接的发射单元54、主集接收单元55及分集接收单元56。所述发射单元54用于将所述射频收发芯片53处理后的信号进行上变频、放大等处理，再通过天线(第一天线10或者第二天线20)发送出去；所述主集接收单元55及分集接收单元56分别用于将第一天线10及第二天线20接收来的信号进行选频、放大、下变频等处理并发送至射频收发芯片53。
进一步的，所述第一天线10上设有第一馈点11，所述第二天线20上设有第二馈点21，所述第一馈点11与所述第二馈点21均与所述射频前端连接，以通过所述第一馈点11实现所述射频前端与所述第一天线10进行信号传输；通过所述第二馈点21实现所述射频前端与所述第二天线20进行信号传输。
进一步的，本实施例中，所述射频前端的发射单元54、主集接收单元55及分集接收单元56通过双刀双掷开关分别与所述第一天线10及所述第二天线20进行连接。具体的，所述双刀双掷开关具有第一状态及第二状态。当所述双刀双掷开关位于第一状态时，所述第一馈点11与所述发射单元54及所述主集接收单元55连接，所述第二馈点21与所述分集接收单元56连接，此时，所述第一天线10为主集天线，所述第二天线20为分集天线；所述双刀双 掷开关位于第二状态时，所述第二馈点21与所述发射单元54及所述主集接收单元55连接，所述第一馈点11与所述分集接收单元56连接，所述第二天线20为主集天线，所述第一天线10为分集天线。即本实施例中，能够通过切换所述双刀双掷开关的状态，切换所述第一天线10与所述第二天线20与射频前端中发射单元54、主集接收单元55及分集接收单元56的连接状态，以适应实际使用的需求。图1所示的本申请一实施例中，所述双刀双掷开关位于第一状态，所述第一天线10为主集天线，所述第二天线20为分集天线。
所述第一天线10及第二天线20的两端均设有主下地点，所述主下地点连接至所述主地板30。本实施例中，所述主下地点与所述主地板30之间通过金属块61进行连接，以通过第一天线10及所述第二天线20两端所述主下地点的位置限定所述第一天线10与所述第二天线20的长度，进而调节所述第一天线10与所述第二天线20的工作频率范围。并且，本实施例中，所述第一天线10与所述第二天线20相交，所述第一天线10与所述第二天线20相交的位置通过同一所述金属块61连接所述主地板30。并且，本实施例中，通过调节所述金属块61的厚度，能够调节所述第一天线10与所述第二天线20之间的隔离度，并能够通过所述金属块61将所述金属框40与所述主地板30进行稳定的固定。本实施例中，所述金属块61与所述金属框40为一体结构。可以理解的是，在本申请的其它实施例中，所述主下地点与所述主地板30之间也可以通过弹片或者柔性电路板等进行连接。
本实施例中，所述第一馈点11、第二馈点21与所述射频前端之间均通过同轴线进行连接，所述同轴线的外导体与所述主地板30连接，所述同轴线的内导体与所述射频前端连接，所述同轴线的外导体与内导体绝缘间隔设置。
请参阅图2，本实施例中，所述第一天线10激励所述主地板30产生平行于第一天线10的第一电流；所述第二天线20激励所述主地板30产生平行于第二天线20的第二电流。由于所述第一天线10与所述第二天线20相交，即使得所述第一电流与所述第二电流之间相交，从而使得第一天线10与第二天线20之间具有一定的隔离度。本申请一实施例中，所述第一天线10与所述第二天线20为垂直，即所述第一电流与所述第二电流方向正交，使得在该状态下所述第一天线10与所述第二天线20之间隔离度最好，包络相关系数最低。本实施例中，所述第一电流及第二电流分别为所述第一天线10及第二天线20在低频下激励得到。
请重新参阅图1，本申请一些实施例中，所述第一天线10上设有第一缝隙411，所述第一缝隙411将所述第一天线10分为第一子区段412以及第二子区段413。本实施例中，所述第一馈点11位于所述第一子区段412上。其中，所述第一子区段412为所述第一天线10的主枝节，所述第二子区段413为所述第一天线10的寄生枝节。所述寄生枝节辅助所述主枝节进行谐振，通过所述寄生枝节补充谐振模式，使得所述第一天线10能够覆盖更大的工作频率。本实施例中，所述第一馈点11与所述射频前端之间还连接有第一电容结构，所述主枝节为左手(LH)天线，从而使得所述主枝节能够激励所述主地板30产生更集中于沿所述第一天线方向流动的第一电流，实现所述第一天线10与第二天线20更好的隔离效果。具体的，所述第一子区段412的两端构成左手传输线原理中的并联分布电感，所述第一电容结构为左手传输线原理中的分布电容结构，使得所述第一子区段412为左手天线的形式。
进一步的，本申请的一实施例中，所述第二天线20上设有第二缝隙421，所述第二缝隙421将所述第二天线20分为第三子区段422及第四子区段423。本实施例中，所述第二馈点21位于所述第三子区段422上。并且，所述第二馈点21与所述射频前端之间连接有第二电容结构，使得所述第三子区段422为左手(LH)天线，从而使得所述第二天线20能够激励 所述主地板30产生更集中于沿所述第二天线20方向流动的第二电流，实现所述第一天线10与第二天线20更好的隔离效果。具体的，所述第三子区段422的两端构成左手传输线原理中的并联分布电感，所述第二电容结构为左手传输线原理中的分布电容结构，使得所述第三子区段422为左手天线的形式。
进一步的，根据对主下地板为150mmⅹ70mm时的特征模分析可知，在短边0.5倍波长模式，即所述第三子区段422上的第二馈点21至所述第二天线20的主下地点之间的长度为0.5倍波长的情况下，所述第二天线20激发所述主地板30的第二电流的流向更集中的沿所述第二天线20的方向。并且，在长边0.5倍波长模式，即所述第一子区段412上的第一馈点11至所述第一天线10的主下地点的长度为0.5倍波长的的情况下，所述第一天线10激发所述主地板30的第一电流的流向更集中的沿所述第一天线10的方向。因此，本申请中，所述第三子区段422上的第二馈点21至所述第二天线20的主下地点之间的长度为0.5倍波长；所述第一子区段412上的第一馈点11至所述第一天线10的主下地点的长度为0.5倍波长，以使得所述第一天线10与所述第二天线20之间具有更好的隔离度。
进一步的，本申请的一些实施例中，所述第一子区段412相对于第二子区段413远离所述第二天线20；所述第三子区段422相对于第四子区段423远离所述第一天线10，即使得所述第一天线10的主枝节远离所述第二天线20，从而进一步的增加所述第一天线10与分集天线的隔离度20。可以理解的是，请参阅图3，所述第二子区段413相对于第一子区段412也可以远离所述第二天线20。请参阅图4，图4所示为图1所述实施例与图3所述实施例的天线组件在不同的工作频率下的隔离度对比图。其中，图示的横坐标为频率，单位为GHz；纵坐标为隔离度，单元为dB。从图中可以看出，在图1所示实施例中，在0.92828GHz下所述第一天线10与第二天线20之间的隔离度最大，达到16.937dB；对于图3所示实施例，在0.9347GHz下所述第一天线10与第二天线20之间的隔离度最大，为到10.164dB。
请参阅图5-图7，图5-图7所示分别为图1所述实施例的天线组件100的第一天线10以及第二天线20之间的间距小于0.5倍波长时，在低频(700-960MHz)，中频(1700-2200MHz)和高频(2300-2700MHz)下第一天线10与第二天线20的隔离度图。其中，图示的横坐标为频率，单位为GHz；纵坐标为隔离度，单元为dB。从图5中可以看出，在低频下，所述第一天线10与第二天线20的隔离度大于17.346dB；从图6中可以看出，在中频下，所述第一天线10与第二天线20的隔离度大于18.56dB；从图7中可以看出，在高频下，所述第一天线10与第二天线20的隔离度大于12.467dB。即说明，在图1所述实施例中，第一天线10与第二天线20在各频段(低频、中频、高频)下的隔离度均大于12dB，具有较好的包络相关系数(ECC)，即所述第一天线10与第二天线20的隔离度较好。
请参阅图8，本申请一些实施例中，所述第一天线10上设有一个下地点或多个间隔的下地点。并且，本申请的一些实施例中，每个所述第一天线10的所述下地点与所述主地板30之间通过第一控制开关连接。通过所述第一控制开关切换不同的下地点，使得所述第一天线10的不同位置与所述主地板30连接，能够改变所述第一天线10的辐射体的长度，进而改变所述第一天线10的工作频率，以使得所述第一天线10能够支持不同的工作频段。可以理解的是，本申请一些实施例中，所述第一天线10的下地点与所述主地板30之间通过弹片或者柔性线路板连接，并且，可以将所述第一控制开关连接于所述柔性线路板上。
具体的，本申请一实施例中，设于所述第一天线10上的所述下地点包括设于所述第一子区段412上的第一下地点621，以及设于所述第二子区段413上的第二下地点622，从而能够 通过切换第一下地点621与主地板30之间的第一控制开关切换主谐振，通过切换第二下地点622与主地板30之间的第一控制开关切换寄生谐振。本实施例中，所述第二下地点621位于所述第一馈点11背离所述第二子区段413的一侧。可以理解的是，在本申请的其它实施例中，所述第一下地点611及所述第二下地点622可以位于所述第一天线10上的其它位置。本实施例中，通过切换第一下地点621与主地板30之间第一控制开关切换主谐振，通过切换第二下地点621与主地板30之间第一控制开关切换寄生主谐振，使得所述主集天线10的能够支持低频(700-960MHz)、中频(1700-2200MHz)、高频(2300-2700MHz)所有频段，且在各个频段下，所述主谐振与所述寄生谐振配合工作。
进一步的，本申请的一些实施例中，所述第二天线20上设有一个下地点或多个间隔的下地点，所述第二天线20的所述下地点与所述主地板30之间通过第二控制开关连接。通过所述第二控制开关切换不同的下地点，使得所述第二天线20的不同位置与所述主地板30连接，能够改变所述第二天线20的辐射体的长度，进而改变所述主集天线的工作频率，以使得所述主集天线能够支持不同的工作频段。
具体的，本申请一实施例中，设于所述第二天线20上的所述下地点包括设于所述第三子区段422上的第三下地点623及第四下地点624，所述第三下地点623及所述第四下地点624依次位于所述第二馈点21远离第四子区段423的一侧。通过切换第三下地点623与所述主地板30之间的第二控制开关切换至高频工作频段、通过切换所述第四下地点624与所述主地板30之间的第二控制开关切换至中频工作频段，所述第三下地点623、第四下地点624与所述主地板30之间的第二控制开关均断开时，所述第二天线20能够在低频工作频段下工作，即通过切换所述第三下地点623与所述第四下地点624与所述主地板30之间的第二控制开关，能够使得所述分集天线能够支持低频(700-960MHz)，中频(1700-2200)和高频(2300-2700)所有频段。
进一步的，请参阅图9，本申请的一些实施例中，所述天线组件100还包括一个或者多个天线单元70，以通过所述天线单元70配合所述第一天线10及第二天线20实现多种信号的通信。并且，所述天线单元70与所述第一天线10及第二天线20能够同时工作，从而能够实现多种频段信号的同时传递。所述天线单元70也位于所述线路板50的周围，并以所述金属框40的一部分为辐射部。从而缩短所述天线单元70与线路板50之间的距离，减少线缆连接所述天线单元70及线路板50上的射频前端带来的插损。并且，本申请中，所述金属框40还包括连接于所述第二边框42与所述第三边框43之间的第四边框44，所述第四边框44与所述第一边框41相对，部分所述第二边框42和/或部分所述第四边框44形成所述天线单元70的辐射体。
本申请一些实施例中，所述天线单元70可以包括GPS天线、WIFI天线、MIMO天线、WIFI/MIMO二合一天线以及GPS/WIFI/MIMO三合一天线中任意一者或者多者。图9所示实施例中，所述天线单元70包括GPS L5天线71、WIFI/MIMO二合一天线72以及GPS L1/WIFI/MIMO三合一天线73。其中，所述GPS L5天线71用于接收GPS L5频段的信号，所述WIFI/MIMO二合一天线72用于接收WIFI信号或者MIMO天线的信号，所述GPS L1/WIFI/MIMO三合一天线73用于接收GPS L1频段的信号或者WIFI信号或者MIMO天线的信号。可以理解的是，在本申请的其它实施例中，所述天线单元70还可以为其它类型的天线单元，例如，可以为用于接收北斗卫星定位系统各频段信号的天线。
本实施例中，所述GPS L5天线71的辐射体与所述第二天线20均为所述金属框40的第 一边框41的一部分，使得天线之间能够紧密设置，以减少天线的净空要求。其中，所述GPS L5天线71的辐射体相对于所述第二天线20远离所述第一天线10。并且，所述GPS L5天线71的辐射体与所述第二天线20连接的位置通过弹片或者柔性电流板等连接件与所述主地板30连接。部分所述的第四边框44为所述GPS L1/WIFI/MIMO三合一天线73的辐射体，所述GPS L1/WIFI/MIMO三合一天线73的辐射体的两端也通过弹片或者柔性电流板等连接件与所述主地板30连接。
所述GPS L1/WIFI/MIMO三合一天线73的辐射体上设有第四缝隙441，通过所述第四缝隙441将所述GPS L1/WIFI/MIMO三合一天线73的辐射体分为两个部分，其中一个部分上设有与所述线路板50的射频前端连接的第三馈点731。本实施例中，所述第三馈点731通过弹片与所述线路板50连接。进一步的，本申请的一些实施例中，所述第三馈点731与所述线路板50之间还连接有电容结构，以使得所述GPS L1/WIFI/MIMO三合一天线73形成左手天线结构，以激励所述主地板30产生与所述第一天线10平行的第三电流，以实现所述GPS L1/WIFI/MIMO三合一天线73与其它天线之间较好的隔离度。并且，本实施例中，所述第四缝隙441与所述第一天线10上的第一缝隙411相对设置，以使得所述金属框40具有较好的外观效果，同时，使得金属框40更容易加工。
所述WIFI/MIMO二合一天线72位于所述GPS L5天线71与所述GPS L1/WIFI/MIMO三合一天线73之间，所述WIFI/MIMO二合一天线72靠近所述GPS L1/WIFI/MIMO三合一天线73的一端与所述主地板30连接，另一端与所述GPS L5天线71间隔形成第三缝隙431。本实施例中，所述第三缝隙431大于所述第一缝隙411的大小，以使得所述GPS L5天线71与WIFI/MIMO二合一天线72之间的隔离度较大，避免天线之间的相互影响。并且，所述GPS L5天线71上设有第四馈点711，所述第四馈点711通过弹片与所述射频前端连接，以实现GPS L5天线71的收发功能。所述WIFI/MIMO二合一天线72上设有第五馈点721，所述第五馈点721通过弹片与所述射频前端连接，以实现WIFI/MIMO二合一天线72的收发功能。
进一步的，本实施例中，所述射频前端包括滤波器，所述滤波器用于滤去与所述第一天线10及第二天线20的工作频率不同的信号。通过设置所述滤波器，能够减少所述第一天线10及第二天线20的信号与其它的天线单元70的隔离度。
请参阅图1及图10，本申请还提供一种移动终端200，所述移动终端200包括显示屏210以及与所述显示屏210相对的后盖220、设于所述显示屏210与所述后盖220之间的边框230，以及所述天线组件100，所述显示屏210及所述后盖220均固定于所述边框230上。本申请中，所述边框230为金属，所述边框230即为所述天线组件100的金属框40。所述边框230包括相对设置的上边框231、下边框232以及位于所述上边框231与所述下边框232之间的并相对的两条侧边框233。本申请一实施例中，所述天线组件100的金属框40的第一边框41为一条所述侧边框233，所述第四边框44为另一条所述侧边框233，所述天线组件100的第二边框42为所述上边框231，所述天线组件100的第三边框43为所述下边框232。
本申请中，通过将所述第一天线10与所述第二天线20分别设置于所述移动终端200内相邻的上边框231及侧边框233，而不是将所述第一天线10及第二天线20分别设置于下边框232及上边框231，从而使得移动终端200的下边框232附近位置没有净空要求，有利于极小下巴的移动设备200的实现。并且，不需要通过电缆连接线路板50与底部小板，从而能够适用于滑盖、翻盖、底部弹出等特殊的移动终端200架构的需求，避免在滑盖、翻盖或底部弹出等过程中对线缆造成的拉扯或者弯折，保证移动终端200的可靠性，并能够避免特殊 的移动终端200架构中底部运动机构对主集天线效率的影响。
以上所述为本申请的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本申请原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也视为本申请的保护范围。

Claims (14)

  1. 一种天线组件，其特征在于，包括金属框和射频前端；
    所述金属框包括相对设置的第二边框和第三边框及连接在所述第二边框与所述第三边框之间的第一边框，所述第一边框的部分或全部形成第一天线，所述第二边框的部分或全部形成第二天线，所述第一天线和所述第二天线中的一者为主集天线、另一者为分集天线；
    所述射频前端位于所述金属框的内侧，所述射频前端与所述第二边框之间的间距小于所述射频前端与所述第三边框之间的间距，所述射频前端连接所述第一天线和所述第二天线。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的天线组件，其特征在于，所述天线组件还包括主地板，所述主地板位于所述金属框内，所述第一天线及第二天线的两端均设有主下地点，所述主下地点连接至所述主地板；所述第一天线上设有第一馈点，所述第二天线上设有第二馈点，所述第一馈点与所述第二馈点均与所述射频前端连接，所述第一天线激励所述主地板产生平行于第一边框的第一电流；所述第二天线激励所述主地板产生平行于第二边框的第二电流。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的天线组件，其特征在于，所述第一边框及所述第二边框垂直，所述第一电流的流向与所述第二电流的流向正交。
  4. 如权利要求2或3所述的天线组件，其特征在于，所述第一天线上设有第一缝隙，所述第一缝隙将所述第一天线分为第一子区段以及第二子区段；所述第一馈点位于所述第一子区段上，所述第一馈点与所述射频前端之间连接有第一电容结构。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的天线组件，其特征在于，所述第一子区段相对于第二子区段远离所述第二天线。
  6. 如权利要求4所述的天线组件，其特征在于，所述第一天线上设有一个下地点，所述下地点与所述主地板之间连接有第一控制开关。
  7. 如权利要求4所述的天线组件，其特征在于，所述第一天线上设有多个间隔设置的下地点，每个所述下地点与所述主地板之间均连接有第一控制开关。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的天线组件，其特征在于，设于所述第一天线上的多个所述下地点包括设于所述第一子区段上的第一下地点，以及设于所述第二子区段上的第二下地点，所述第一下地点位于所述第一馈点背离所述第二子区段的一侧。
  9. 如权利要求4所述的天线组件，其特征在于，所述第二天线上设有一个下地点或多个间隔的下地点，每个所述下地点与所述主地板之间连接有第二控制开关。
  10. 如权利要求1所述的天线组件，其特征在于，所述天线组件还包括一个或者多个天线单元，所述金属框还包括连接于所述第二边框与所述第三边框之间的第四边框，部分所述第二边框和/或部分所述第四边框形成所述天线单元的辐射体。
  11. 如权利要求10所述的天线组件，其特征在于，所述天线单元包括GPS天线、WIFI天线、MIMO天线、WIFI/MIMO二合一天线以及GPS/WIFI/MIMO三合一天线中任意一者或者多者。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的天线组件，其特征在于，所述射频前端包括滤波器，所述滤波器用于滤去与所述第一天线及第二天线的工作频率不同的信号。
  13. 如权利要求1所述的天线组件，其特征在于，所述射频前端通过双刀双掷开关连接至所述第二馈点与所述第一馈点；所述射频前端包括发射单元、主集接收单元及分集接收单元，所述双刀双掷开关具有第一状态及第二状态，所述双刀双掷开关位于第一状态时，所述第一馈点与所述发射单元及所述主集接收单元连接，所述第二馈点与所述分集接收单元连接； 所述双刀双掷开关位于第二状态时，所述第二馈点与所述发射单元及所述主集接收单元连接，所述第一馈点与所述分集接收单元连接。
  14. 一种移动终端，其特征在于，包括显示屏及如权利要求1-13任一项所述的天线组件，所述天线组件的金属框为所述移动终端的边框，所述显示屏固定于所述边框上。
PCT/CN2019/122251 2018-12-29 2019-11-30 天线组件及移动终端 Ceased WO2020134870A1 (zh)

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