WO2020134745A1 - 二次电池、电池模组以及二次电池的制造方法 - Google Patents

二次电池、电池模组以及二次电池的制造方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020134745A1
WO2020134745A1 PCT/CN2019/119939 CN2019119939W WO2020134745A1 WO 2020134745 A1 WO2020134745 A1 WO 2020134745A1 CN 2019119939 W CN2019119939 W CN 2019119939W WO 2020134745 A1 WO2020134745 A1 WO 2020134745A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
current collecting
sheet
axial direction
electrode
tab
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/119939
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈元宝
杨瑞
史东洋
陈宁
胡飞
李振华
Original Assignee
宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2020134745A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020134745A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/102—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure
    • H01M50/103—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure prismatic or rectangular
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
    • H01M10/0431—Cells with wound or folded electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/209—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for prismatic or rectangular cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
    • H01M50/533—Electrode connections inside a battery casing characterised by the shape of the leads or tabs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
    • H01M50/536—Electrode connections inside a battery casing characterised by the method of fixing the leads to the electrodes, e.g. by welding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
    • H01M50/538—Connection of several leads or tabs of wound or folded electrode stacks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/502—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing
    • H01M50/505—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing comprising a single busbar
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a method for manufacturing a secondary battery, a battery module, and a secondary battery.
  • a secondary battery includes a current collecting unit having an electrode assembly and connected to the electrode assembly.
  • the electrode assembly has an end face and a tab extending from the end face. Because the gap between the current collecting unit and the end face is small, when the welding device is used to weld the current collecting unit and the tab, the operation is difficult and easy to cause The virtual welding of the current collecting unit and the pole ears occurs.
  • a secondary battery including:
  • the housing includes an accommodating hole with an opening; a top cover assembly, the top cover assembly is sealedly connected to the housing to cover the opening; an electrode assembly is disposed in the accommodating hole, and the electrode assembly includes an axis perpendicular to the accommodating hole The two opposite end faces of the first direction and the tabs extending from each end face, the electrode assembly includes more than two electrode units stacked in the axial direction; the current collecting unit, the current collecting unit includes a first sheet and connected to The first current collecting piece of the first sheet, the first sheet and the first current collecting piece both extend in the axial direction, the tab is bent relative to the first direction and is electrically connected to the first current collecting piece.
  • the first current collecting sheet has a first connecting end connected to the first sheet, and the first connecting end extends in a second direction perpendicular to the axial direction and the first direction.
  • the first current collecting sheet is located on a side of the first sheet material near the housing, and the tab is connected and fixed to the surface of the first current collecting sheet facing away from the first sheet material.
  • the current collecting unit further includes a second current collecting piece connected to the first sheet, the first current collecting piece and the second current collecting piece both extend along the axial direction, and both At least partially overlapped.
  • the number of electrode assemblies is two.
  • the two sets of electrode assemblies are stacked in the axial direction.
  • the tabs of one set of electrode assemblies are electrically connected to the first current collector.
  • the tabs of the other set of electrode assemblies are connected to the second.
  • the current collector is electrically connected.
  • the first current collecting piece and the second current collecting piece are located on a side of the first sheet close to the casing, and the first current collecting piece and the second current collecting piece extend toward each other .
  • the first sheet includes a body portion extending in the axial direction and a first extension portion connected to the body portion, the first extension portion is along a second direction perpendicular to the axial direction and the first direction Extending outward of the main body, the first current collecting piece and the second current collecting piece are respectively connected to both ends of the first extension part in the axial direction.
  • the first sheet further includes a second extension portion connected to the main body portion, and the first extension portion and the second extension portion are spaced apart in the axial direction to form a notch gap.
  • the air gap is located on the side of the first current collecting plate close to the top cover assembly, and the pole ear can pass through the air gap and be connected to the first current collecting plate.
  • the air gap extends in the second direction and crosses the first current collecting plate.
  • the first extension portion and the second extension portion are overlapped.
  • the current collecting unit further includes a second sheet connected to the top cover assembly, the main body portion and the second sheet are intersected, and the first sheet, the second sheet, and the first current collector The piece and the second current collecting piece have an integrated structure.
  • the number of current collecting units is two, and in the first direction, the electrode assembly is disposed between the two current collecting units, and the two current collecting units each pass through the first current collecting piece and the phase The corresponding pole ears are electrically connected.
  • the number of electrode assemblies is two groups.
  • the two groups of electrode assemblies are stacked in an axial direction.
  • Each group of electrode assemblies includes two electrode units.
  • the electrode unit has a sub-end surface and a sub-end surface extending from the sub-end surface Sub-pole ear, two sub-faces on the same side form an end face, two sub-poles of the same pole are collected to form a tab, and the sub-pole of one electrode unit extends from the side of the sub-end face close to the other electrode unit in the axial direction Out.
  • the electrode unit has two wide faces and two narrow faces connecting the two wide faces, the two wide faces are disposed opposite each other in the axial direction, the wide faces and the narrow faces are alternately arranged, and the tabs extend from the end faces The area adjacent to the two wide faces of the two electrode units extends.
  • a secondary battery provided by an embodiment of the present application, it includes a case having a receiving hole, an electrode assembly provided in the case, and a current collecting unit for inputting or outputting electric energy to the electrode assembly.
  • the current collecting unit includes a first sheet and a first current collecting sheet connected to the first sheet. Both the first collector sheet and the first sheet extend in the axial direction of the receiving hole. Since the first sheet is close to the electrode assembly, and the first current collector is far away from the electrode assembly, it can reserve space to make room, which is convenient for welding the first current collector and the tab by using welding equipment, which is effective Reduce the difficulty of welding operations and improve welding quality. On the other hand, since the first current collecting piece extends in the axial direction, thereby reducing the space occupancy rate in the first direction, it is also beneficial to increase the energy density of the secondary battery.
  • an embodiment of the present application further provides a battery module, which includes more than two secondary batteries as in the above embodiments, and more than two secondary batteries are arranged side by side.
  • a method for manufacturing a secondary battery is provided according to an embodiment of the present application, which includes:
  • the receiving hole has an opening
  • a current collecting unit including a first sheet and a first current collecting sheet, and connect the first sheet to the top cover assembly;
  • the electrode assembly includes two opposite end faces along the first direction and a tab extending from each end face, and the tab is bent relative to the first direction and electrically connected On the first current collector;
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a secondary battery according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a secondary battery according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of a body of an electrode assembly according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic exploded view of a secondary battery according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of the connection and fixing of the current collecting unit and the pole lug in FIG. 5;
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an electrode unit according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a current collecting unit according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a current collecting unit according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic flowchart of a method for manufacturing a secondary battery according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Top cover assembly 121, top cover plate; 122, pole;
  • Electrode assembly 13a, end face; 13b, tab; 131, electrode unit; 131a, wide face; 131b, narrow face; 131c, sub-end face; 131d, sub-tab;
  • X axial direction
  • Y first direction
  • Z second direction
  • connection should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a Disconnected, or integrally connected; either directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediary.
  • connection should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a Disconnected, or integrally connected; either directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediary.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a battery module 20 including: two or more secondary batteries 10 of this embodiment and a bus bar for connecting two secondary batteries 10.
  • Two or more secondary batteries 10 are arranged side by side in the same direction.
  • One end of the bus bar is connected and fixed to one of the two secondary batteries 10, and the other end is connected and fixed to the other secondary battery 10.
  • the two or more secondary batteries 10 of this embodiment can be arranged side by side in their thickness direction to form the battery module 20.
  • the secondary battery 10 of the embodiment of the present application includes a case 11, an electrode assembly 13 disposed in the case 11, and a top cover assembly 12 that is sealedly connected to the case 11.
  • the housing 11 of this embodiment may have a quadrangular prism shape or other shapes.
  • the housing 11 has an open receiving hole 11a.
  • the receiving hole 11a is used to receive the electrode assembly 13 and the electrolyte.
  • the housing 11 may be made of materials such as aluminum, aluminum alloy, or plastic.
  • the electrode assembly 13 of the embodiment of the present application includes two end faces 13a opposite to the first direction Y perpendicular to the axial direction X of the receiving hole 11a, and a tab 13b extending from each end face 13a.
  • a pole lug 13b extends from each end surface 13a of the electrode assembly 13.
  • Each electrode assembly 13 has two tabs 13b opposite in the first direction Y, one of the tabs 13b serves as a positive tab and the other serves as a tab.
  • the electrode assembly 13 of this embodiment includes two or more electrode units 131 stacked in the axial direction X of the receiving hole 11 a.
  • the electrode unit 131 of this embodiment may form a body and sub-tabs connected to the body by stacking or winding the first pole piece, the second pole piece, and the separator together.
  • the diaphragm is an insulator between the first pole piece and the second pole piece.
  • the electrode unit 131 of this embodiment includes a layer of diaphragm, a layer of first pole piece, a layer of diaphragm and a layer of second pole piece.
  • the first pole piece is exemplified as the positive electrode piece
  • the second pole piece is the negative electrode piece.
  • the first pole piece may also be a negative pole piece
  • the second pole piece is a positive pole piece
  • the positive electrode active material is coated on the coating area of the positive electrode sheet
  • the negative electrode active material is coated on the coating area of the negative electrode sheet.
  • the uncoated area extending from the body serves as a sub-ear.
  • the electrode unit 131 includes two sub-tabs oppositely arranged along the first direction Y, that is, a positive tab and a negative tab.
  • the positive electrode ear extends from the coating area of the positive electrode sheet; the negative electrode ear extends from the coating area of the negative electrode sheet.
  • the first direction Y is perpendicular to the axis X, and the vertical here is not limited to a strictly vertical definition in a mathematical sense.
  • the end surface 13a of each electrode assembly 13 includes a sub-end surface 131c of each electrode unit 131, and the tab 13b of each electrode assembly 13 includes a sub-tab 131d of each electrode unit 131.
  • the electrode unit 131 has a flat structure, which has two wide faces and two narrow faces 131 b connecting the two wide faces 131 a.
  • the two wide surfaces 131a are opposite to each other along the axial direction X.
  • the wide surface 131a and the narrow surface 131b are alternately provided.
  • the top cover assembly 12 of this embodiment is hermetically connected to the housing 11 to cover the opening.
  • the top cover assembly 12 includes a top cover plate 121 and a pole 122.
  • the top cover assembly 12 is hermetically connected to the housing 11 through the top cover plate 121.
  • the pole 122 is disposed on the top cover plate 121 and is electrically connected to the electrode assembly 13 through the current collecting unit.
  • the secondary battery 10 of the embodiment of the present application further includes a current collecting unit 14 that connects the electrode assembly 13 and the top cover assembly 12.
  • the pole ear 13b is connected to the pole 122 through the current collecting unit 14.
  • the current collecting unit 14 of this embodiment includes a first sheet 141 and a first current collecting sheet 14 a connected to the first sheet 141. Both the first sheet 141 and the first collector sheet 14a extend in the axial direction X. In one embodiment, in the first direction Y, the thickness direction of the first current collecting sheet 14 a and the thickness direction of the first sheet 141 are the same as the first direction Y. Further, the first current collecting sheet 14a and the first sheet 141 are at least partially overlapped.
  • the first sheet 141 is located between one end face 13a of the electrode assembly 13 and the case 11, and the first current collecting sheet 14a is connected to the first sheet 141 located at one end face of the electrode assembly 13 13a and the portion between the housing 11.
  • the tab 13b is bent with respect to the first direction Y and is electrically connected to the first current collecting piece 14a. In one embodiment, the bent portion of the tab 13b extends in the axial direction X. Further optionally, in the first direction Y, the portion where the tab 13b is connected to the first current collecting piece 14a, the first current collecting piece 14a, and the first sheet 141 are at least partially overlapped.
  • the secondary battery 10 provided according to an embodiment of the present application includes a case 11 having an accommodating hole 11a, an electrode assembly 13 provided in the case 11, and a current collecting unit 14 for inputting or outputting electric energy to the electrode assembly 13.
  • the current collecting unit 14 includes a first sheet 141 and a first current collecting sheet 14 a connected to the first sheet 141. Both the first current collecting piece 14a and the first sheet 141 extend in the axial direction X of the receiving hole 11a.
  • the current collecting unit 14 of the embodiment of the present application includes the first sheet 141 and the first current collecting piece 14a, the size of the first sheet 141 and the first current collecting piece 14a is small, and the internal space of the housing 11 is small , which is conducive to saving the internal space of the case 11 and improving the energy density of the secondary battery 10, on the other hand, since the first current collecting tab 14a extends in the axial direction X, thereby reducing the space occupancy rate in the first direction Y Therefore, it is also beneficial to increase the energy density of the secondary battery 10.
  • the current collecting unit 14 of the embodiment of the present application can electrically connect the tab 13 b of the electrode assembly 13 and the pole 122 of the cap assembly 12.
  • the first current collecting piece 14a includes a first current collecting piece 14a for electrically connecting with the tab 13b.
  • the first current collecting piece 14a can be connected and fixed to the corresponding tab 13b.
  • the current collecting unit 14 of this embodiment is connected and fixed to the tab 13b through the first current collecting piece 14a provided on the first sheet 141.
  • the distance between the first current collecting piece 14a and the electrode assembly 13 is far, so that a space can be reserved to facilitate the use of welding equipment to connect the first current collecting piece 14a and the tab 13b performs the welding operation, thereby effectively reducing the difficulty of the welding operation and improving the welding quality, which is beneficial to improving the stability of the connection between the first current collecting tab 14a and the tab 13b, making it difficult to separate from each other, and ensuring the stability of the use process of the secondary battery 10 Sex and safety.
  • the first current collecting piece 14 a of the embodiment of the present application has a first connecting end 14 c connected to the first sheet 141.
  • the first connection end 14c extends in a second direction Z perpendicular to the axial direction X and the first direction Y, and the second direction Z is parallel to the thickness direction of the secondary battery 10 itself.
  • the first current collecting piece 14a is connected to the first sheet 141 through the first connecting end 14c. Since the first connecting end 14c extends along the second direction Z, thereby ensuring that the surface area of the first current collecting tab 14a facing away from the electrode assembly 13 is large, the connection between the tab 13b and the first current collecting tab 14a is more reliable and stable.
  • the length of the tab 13b in the second direction Z is greater than the thickness in the axial direction X, and the length of the first current collector 14a in the second direction Z is greater than its thickness in the first direction Y, This ensures that the connection area between the first current collecting piece 14a and the tab 13b is large.
  • the first current collecting piece 14a is a rectangular structure.
  • the first current collecting piece 14a and the tab 13b of this embodiment may be connected by ultrasonic welding.
  • the first current collecting piece 14 a of this embodiment is located on the side of the first sheet 141 close to the casing 11.
  • the tab 13b is connected and fixed to the surface of the first current collecting piece 14a facing away from the first sheet 141.
  • the first sheet 141 is located between the first current collecting sheet 14 a and the end surface 13 a of the electrode assembly 13.
  • the first current collecting tab 14a does not come into contact with the end surface 13a of the electrode assembly 13 to prevent the first current collecting tab 14a from scratching or damaging the electrode unit 131 in the electrode assembly 13 during installation or later use.
  • the tab 13b Since the tab 13b is connected and fixed to the surface of the first current collecting piece 14a facing away from the first sheet 141, the free end of the tab 13b will not be folded over during the installation process or during the later use and contact with the electrode assembly 13 The end surface 13a of the electrode contacts, thereby reducing the possibility that the tab 13b is folded and inserted into the end surface 13a to cause structural damage or breakage of the electrode unit 131.
  • the total thickness of the tab 13b, the first current collector 14a, and the first sheet 141 in the first direction Y is small, which effectively reduces the space occupied between the end face 13a and the housing 11, thereby effectively improving the second The energy density of the secondary battery 10.
  • the current collecting unit 14 of this embodiment further includes a second current collecting piece 14 b connected to the first sheet 141.
  • Both the first current collecting piece 14a and the second current collecting piece 14b extend along the axial direction X, and the two are at least partially overlapped along the axial direction X, thereby reducing the first current collecting piece 14a and the second current collecting piece 14b in the second The dimension in direction Z.
  • the second current collecting piece 14b has a second connection end extending in the second direction Z.
  • the second current collecting piece 14b is connected to the first sheet 141 through the second connecting end.
  • the number of electrode assemblies 13 is two groups. Two sets of electrode assemblies 13 are stacked in the axial direction X.
  • the tabs 13b of one set of electrode assemblies 13 are electrically connected to the first current collector 14a, and the tabs 13b of the other set of electrode assemblies 13 are electrically connected to the second collector 14b .
  • the same-pole tabs 13b of the two sets of electrode assemblies 13 are connected and current collection is achieved.
  • the temperature at the connection position of the tab 13b and the first current collecting piece 14a is too high; on the other hand , The tab 13b extends a shorter size to connect and fix the first current collecting piece 14a or the second current collecting piece 14b corresponding to the position, so that the size of the tab 13b extending out of the end face 13a is not too long to connect to the first A current collecting piece 14a, in turn, makes the processing size of the electrode unit 131 uniform and the processing procedure uniform, which reduces the manufacturing difficulty and processing cost.
  • each group of electrode assemblies 13 includes two electrode units 131.
  • the electrode unit 131 has a sub-end surface 131c and a sub-tab 131d extending from the sub-end surface 131c.
  • the two sub-end surfaces 131c on the same side form the end surface 13a, and the two sub-pole ears 131d of the same pole gather to form the tab 13b.
  • the sub-tabs 131d of one electrode unit 131 extend axially from the region where the sub-end surface 131c is close to the other electrode unit 131, so that the sub-tabs 131d of the two electrode units 131 are close to each other and extend a short distance
  • the tabs 13b connected and fixed to the first current collecting piece 14a and the second current collecting piece 14b can be integrated.
  • the subpole ear 131d will not cause length redundancy due to its excessive extension length.
  • the subpole ear 131d is redundant, it is easy to cause the subpole ear 131d to bend to appear a stress concentration area and breakage.
  • the extension size of the subpole ear 131d is controlled within a small range, which is beneficial to reduce
  • the tabs 13b formed by the collection of the sub-tabs 131d occupy the space ratio and increase the energy density of the secondary battery 10.
  • the first current collecting piece 14 a and the second current collecting piece 14 b of this embodiment are both located on the side of the first sheet 141 close to the casing 11. Both the first current collecting piece 14a and the second current collecting piece 14b extend in the axial direction X.
  • the first current collecting piece 14a and the second current collecting piece 14b extend toward each other so that the first current collecting piece 14a and the second current collecting piece 14b are separated from the end face 13a by the first sheet 141, so that the first Neither the current collector 14a nor the second current collector 14b will contact the end surface 13a of the electrode assembly 13. Since the first current collecting piece 14a and the second current collecting piece 14b extend toward each other, the space occupation ratio in the axial direction X is reduced, which is beneficial to increase the energy density of the secondary battery 10.
  • the thickness direction of the second collector sheet 14b is the same as the thickness direction of the first sheet 141, and the thickness direction of both is the same as the first direction Y.
  • the second current collecting piece 14b and the first current collecting piece 14a have the same structure.
  • the second current collecting piece 14b and the tab 13b of this embodiment may be connected by ultrasonic welding.
  • the first sheet 141 of this embodiment includes a main body portion 141 a extending in the axial direction X and a first extension portion 141 b connected to the main body portion 141 a.
  • the first extension portion 141b extends outward of the main body portion 141a in a second direction Z perpendicular to the axial direction X and the first direction Y.
  • the first current collecting piece 14a and the second current collecting piece 14b are respectively connected to both ends of the first extension portion 141b in the axial direction X.
  • the two sets of electrode assemblies 13 are stacked in the axial direction X, so the respective tabs 13b are spaced in the axial direction X.
  • the two tabs 13b located on the same side of the electrode assembly 13 can bypass the two opposite end portions of the first extension portion 141b in the axial direction X to be connected and fixed to the first current collecting piece 14a and the second current collecting piece 14b. Since the first current collecting piece 14a and the second current collecting piece 14b are respectively connected to opposite ends of the first extension portion 141b, the size of the extended tab 13b does not need to be too long to match the first current collecting piece 14a or The second current collecting tab 14b is connected and fixed, thus effectively shortening the extended length of the tab 13b, which is beneficial to reduce the space occupation rate of the tab 13b, increase the energy density of the secondary battery 10, and also effectively reduce the processing cost.
  • the first sheet 141 of this embodiment further includes a second extension 141c connected to the main body 141a.
  • the first extension portion 141b and the second extension portion 141c are spaced apart along the axial direction X to form a notch 141d.
  • the evacuation notch 141 d is located on the side of the first current collecting piece 14 a close to the top cover assembly 12.
  • the tab 13b can be connected to the first current collecting piece 14a through the air gap 141d.
  • the first sheet 141 may be electrically connected to the pole 122 through the main body portion 141a and the second epitaxial portion 141c.
  • the second extension 141c can enhance the strength and rigidity of the first sheet 141 and the flow area of the first sheet 141.
  • the evacuation gap 141d extends in the second direction Z perpendicular to the axial direction X and the first direction Y and crosses the first current collecting plate 14a.
  • the hollow structure is a groove extending in the second direction Z.
  • the first extension portion 141b and the second extension portion 141c are overlapped.
  • the first sheet 141 is designed with a notch 141d, and at the same time ensure that the main body portion 141a and the second sheet connection transition area have a larger
  • the flow-through area is conducive to improving the compactness of the first sheet 141 and the energy density of the secondary battery 10, on the other hand, it also ensures that the first sheet 141 and the second sheet have a good
  • the overcurrent capability of the battery improves the working stability and reliability of the secondary battery 10.
  • the current collecting unit 14 of this embodiment further includes a second sheet 142 connected to the top cover assembly 12.
  • the main body portion 141a and the second sheet 142 are intersected.
  • the second sheet 142 extends in the first direction Y.
  • the thickness direction of the second sheet 142 of this embodiment is the same as the axial direction X.
  • the second sheet 142 has a boss 142 a away from the electrode assembly 13.
  • the second sheet 142 is electrically connected to the pole 122 included in the top cover assembly 12 through the boss 142a.
  • the first sheet 141, the second sheet 142, the first current collecting piece 14a and the second current collecting piece 14b are of an integrated structure, thereby ensuring the overall structural strength and resistance of the current collecting unit 14 on the one hand
  • the impact capability, on the other hand, the current collecting unit 14 can be processed and manufactured by an integral molding processing method, reducing the processing steps and the processing cost.
  • the number of current collecting units 14 may be one.
  • the two tabs 13b of one electrode assembly 13 are a positive tab and a negative tab, respectively.
  • the first current collecting piece 14a included in the current collecting unit 14 may be electrically connected to the positive electrode ear or the negative electrode ear.
  • the number of current collecting units 14 is two.
  • the two current collecting units 14 are spaced apart in the first direction Y. In the first direction Y, the electrode assembly 13 is disposed between the two current collecting units 14.
  • the body of the electrode unit 131 included in the electrode assembly 13 is between the two current collecting units 14, and the two tabs 13 b included in the electrode assembly 13 respectively correspond to the two current collecting units 14.
  • One tab 13b is connected to one current collecting unit 14, and the other tab 13b is connected to another current collecting unit 14.
  • each of the two current collecting units 14 is electrically connected to the corresponding tab 13b through the first current collecting piece 14a.
  • the electrode assembly 13 includes two electrode units 131.
  • the electrode unit 131 has two wide surfaces 131a and two narrow surfaces 131b connecting the two wide surfaces 131a.
  • the two wide surfaces 131a are opposite to each other along the axial direction X.
  • the wide surface 131a and the narrow surface 131b are alternately provided.
  • the tab 13b extends from the area of the end face 13a close to the two wide faces 131a adjacent to the two electrode units 131, so that in the axial X direction, the tab 13b is approximately in the center area of the end face 13a, ensuring that the two electrode units
  • the dimensions of the two sub-tabs 131d led out by 131 are substantially the same, which is beneficial to the consistency of the manufacturing process of the electrode unit 131 and reduces the manufacturing cost.
  • the battery module 20 of the embodiment of the present application includes a plurality of secondary batteries 10 arranged side by side in the same direction. Since the electrode units 131 included in each secondary battery 10 of the present embodiment are stacked in the axial direction X of the housing hole 11 a of the case 11. When the electrode unit 131 of this embodiment expands, it mainly expands and deforms along the axial direction X of the receiving hole 11 a, and the amount of expansion in the arrangement direction of the secondary battery 10 is small. In this way, the cumulative expansion force of each secondary battery 10 in the arrangement direction is small.
  • the battery module 20 does not need to use a structural member with higher strength to restrain the expansion force or use a structural member with a lower strength to restrain the expansion force, thereby effectively reducing the battery module
  • the overall quality of 20 makes the structure of the battery module 20 more compact and effectively improves the energy density of the battery module 20.
  • the battery module 20 itself has little or no expansion in the thickness direction of the secondary battery 10 itself, which can effectively improve the safety of the use process.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a method for manufacturing a secondary battery 10, which includes:
  • a current collecting unit 14 including a first sheet 141 and a first current collecting sheet 14a, and connect the first sheet 141 to the top cover assembly 12;
  • Electrode assembly 13 Two or more electrode units 131 are stacked to form an electrode assembly 13, the electrode assembly 13 includes two end faces 13a opposite in the first direction Y and a tab 13b extending from each end face 13a, and the tab 13b is opposed to The first direction Y is bent and electrically connected to the first current collector 14a;
  • the electrode assembly 13 is inserted into the accommodating hole 11a from the opening. Two or more electrode units 131 are stacked in the axial direction X of the accommodating hole 11a.
  • the first sheet 141 and the first current collector 14a both extend in the axial direction X.
  • the top cover assembly 12 is hermetically connected to the housing 11 to cover the opening.
  • the secondary battery 10 manufactured using the manufacturing method of the secondary battery 10 of the embodiment of the present application includes a case 11 having an accommodating hole 11a, an electrode assembly 13 provided in the case 11, and an input or Current collecting unit 14 that outputs electrical energy.
  • the current collecting unit 14 of this embodiment is connected and fixed to the tab 13b through the first current collecting piece 14a provided on the first sheet 141.
  • the distance between the first current collecting piece 14a and the electrode assembly 13 is far, so that a space can be reserved to facilitate the use of welding equipment to connect the first current collecting piece 14a and the tab 13b performs the welding operation, thereby effectively reducing the difficulty of the welding operation and improving the welding quality, which is beneficial to improving the stability of the connection between the first current collecting tab 14a and the tab 13b, making it difficult to separate from each other, and ensuring the stability of the use process of the secondary battery 10 Sex and safety.

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Abstract

一种二次电池（10）、电池模组（20）以及二次电池（10）的制造方法。二次电池（10）包括：壳体（11），壳体（11）包括具有开口的容纳孔（11a）；顶盖组件（12），顶盖组件（12）与壳体（11）密封连接以盖闭开口；电极组件（13），设置于容纳孔（11a）内，电极组件（13）包括沿与容纳孔（11a）的轴向（X）相垂直的第一方向（Y）相对的两个端面以及从每个端面延伸出的极耳（13b），电极组件（13）包括两个以上沿轴向（X）层叠设置的电极单元（131）；集流单元（14），集流单元（14）包括第一片材（141）和连接于第一片材（141）的第一集流片（14a），第一片材（141）和第一集流片（14a）均沿轴向（X）延伸，极耳（13b）相对于第一方向（Y）弯折并且电连接于第一集流片（14a）。所述二次电池（10）所包括的极耳（13b）能够通过集流单元（14）与顶盖组件（12）相连接，集流单元（14）结构简单、紧凑，有利于提高二次电池（10）的能量密度。

Description

二次电池、电池模组以及二次电池的制造方法
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求享有于2018年12月29日提交的名称为“二次电池以及电池模组”的中国专利申请201811641919.3的优先权，该申请的全部内容通过引用并入本文中。
技术领域
本申请涉及电池技术领域，特别是涉及一种二次电池、电池模组以及二次电池的制造方法。
背景技术
随着科学技术的发展，二次电池在移动电话、数码摄像机和手提电脑等便携式电子设备中得到了广泛使用，并且在电动汽车、电动自行车等电动交通工具及储能设施等大中型电动设备方面有着广泛的应用前景，成为解决能源危机和环境污染等全球性问题的重要技术手段。现有技术中，二次电池包括具有电极组件以及与电极组件连接的集流单元。电极组件具有端面以及从端面延伸出的极耳，由于集流单元与端面之间预留间隙较小，因此导致使用焊接设备将集流单元和极耳进行焊接操作时，操作难度大，易于导致集流单元和极耳出现虚焊的情况。
发明内容
为了解决现有技术中集流单元与端面之间预留间隙较小，因此导致使用焊接设备将集流单元和极耳进行焊接操作时，操作难度大，易于导致集流单元和极耳出现虚焊的情况的技术问题。
一方面，本申请实施例提出了一种二次电池，包括：
壳体，壳体包括具有开口的容纳孔；顶盖组件，顶盖组件与壳体密封 连接以盖闭开口；电极组件，设置于容纳孔内，电极组件包括沿与容纳孔的轴向相垂直的第一方向相对的两个端面以及从每个端面延伸出的极耳，电极组件包括两个以上沿轴向层叠设置的电极单元；集流单元，集流单元包括第一片材和连接于第一片材的第一集流片，第一片材和第一集流片均沿轴向延伸，极耳相对于第一方向弯折并且电连接于第一集流片。
根据本申请实施例的一个方面，第一集流片具有与第一片材连接的第一连接端，第一连接端沿与轴向和第一方向相垂直的第二方向延伸。
根据本申请实施例的一个方面，第一集流片位于第一片材靠近壳体的一侧，极耳与第一集流片背向第一片材的表面连接固定。
根据本申请实施例的一个方面，集流单元还包括连接于第一片材的第二集流片，第一集流片和第二集流片均沿轴向延伸，且两者沿轴向至少部分重叠设置，电极组件的数量为两组，两组电极组件沿轴向层叠设置，一组电极组件的极耳与第一集流片电连接，另一组电极组件的极耳与第二集流片电连接。
根据本申请实施例的一个方面，第一集流片和第二集流片均位于第一片材靠近壳体的一侧，第一集流片和第二集流片朝靠近彼此的方向延伸。
根据本申请实施例的一个方面，第一片材包括沿轴向延伸的主体部以及连接于主体部的第一外延部，第一外延部沿与轴向和第一方向相垂直的第二方向向主体部的外侧延伸，第一集流片和第二集流片分别连接于第一外延部沿轴向的两端。
根据本申请实施例的一个方面，第一片材还包括连接于主体部的第二外延部，第一外延部与第二外延部沿轴向间隔设置以形成避空缺口，沿轴向，避空缺口位于第一集流片靠近顶盖组件的一侧，极耳能够穿过避空缺口与第一集流片相连接。
根据本申请实施例的一个方面，避空缺口沿第二方向延伸并越过第一集流片。
根据本申请实施例的一个方面，在轴向上，第一外延部的至少一部分和第二外延部重叠设置。
根据本申请实施例的一个方面，集流单元还包括与顶盖组件相连接的 第二片材，主体部和第二片材相交设置，第一片材、第二片材、第一集流片及第二集流片为一体式结构。
根据本申请实施例的一个方面，集流单元的数量为两个，在第一方向上，电极组件设置于两个集流单元之间，两个集流单元各自通过第一集流片与相对应的极耳电连接。
根据本申请实施例的一个方面，电极组件的数量为两组，两组电极组件沿轴向层叠设置，每组电极组件均包括两个电极单元，电极单元具有子端面和从子端面延伸出的子极耳，两个同侧的子端面形成端面，两个同极的子极耳汇集形成极耳，一个电极单元的子极耳在轴向上从子端面靠近另一个电极单元的一侧延伸出。
根据本申请实施例的一个方面，电极单元具有两个宽面和连接两个宽面的两个窄面，两个宽面沿轴向相对设置，宽面和窄面交替设置，极耳从端面的靠近两个电极单元相邻两个宽面的区域延伸出。
根据本申请实施例提供的二次电池，其包括具有容纳孔的壳体、设置于壳体内的电极组件以及用于对电极组件输入或输出电能的集流单元。集流单元包括第一片材以及连接于第一片材的第一集流片。第一集流片和第一片材均沿容纳孔的轴向延伸。由于第一片材靠近电极组件，而第一集流片与电极组件距离较远，从而能够预留出让位空间，便于通过使用焊接设备将第一集流片与极耳进行焊接操作，从而有效降低焊接操作难度，提高焊接质量。另一方面，由于第一集流片沿轴向延伸，从而减小在第一方向上的空间占用率，因此也有利于提高二次电池的能量密度。
另一个方面，本申请实施例还提供一种电池模组，包括两个以上的如上述实施例的二次电池，两个以上的二次电池并排设置。
再一个方面，根据本申请实施例提供一种二次电池的制造方法，其包括：
将具有容纳孔的壳体放置于预定组装工位，容纳孔具有开口；
提供顶盖组件；
提供包括第一片材和第一集流片的集流单元，将第一片材连接于顶盖组件；
将两个以上的电极单元层叠设置以形成电极组件，电极组件包括沿第一方向相对的两个端面以及从每个端面延伸出的极耳，将极耳相对于第一方向弯折并且电连接于第一集流片；
将电极组件从开口装入容纳孔，两个以上的电极单元沿容纳孔的轴向层叠设置，第一片材和第一集流片均沿轴向延伸，将顶盖组件与壳体密封连接以盖闭开口。
附图说明
下面将通过参考附图来描述本申请示例性实施例的特征、优点和技术效果。
图1是本申请一实施例的电池模组的结构示意图；
图2是本申请一实施例的二次电池的结构示意图；
图3是本申请一实施例的二次电池的分解结构示意图；
图4是本申请一实施例的电极组件的本体的剖视结构示意图；
图5是本申请另一实施例的二次电池的分解结构示意图；
图6是图5中集流单元与极耳连接固定的结构示意图；
图7是本申请一实施例的电极单元的结构示意图；
图8是本申请一实施例的集流单元的结构示意图；
图9是本申请另一实施例的集流单元的结构示意图；
图10是本申请一实施例的一种二次电池的制造方法的流程示意图。
在附图中，附图并未按照实际的比例绘制。
标记说明：
10、二次电池；
11、壳体；11a、容纳孔；
12、顶盖组件；121、顶盖板；122、极柱；
13、电极组件；13a、端面；13b、极耳；131、电极单元；131a、宽面；131b、窄面；131c、子端面；131d、子极耳；
14、集流单元；14a、第一集流片；14b、第二集流片；14c、第一连接端；14d、第二连接端；141、第一片材；141a、主体部；141b、第一外延 部；141c、第二外延部；141d、避空缺口；142、第二片材；142a、凸台；
X、轴向；Y、第一方向；Z、第二方向；
20、电池模组。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本申请的实施方式作进一步详细描述。以下实施例的详细描述和附图用于示例性地说明本申请的原理，但不能用来限制本申请的范围，即本申请不限于所描述的实施例。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有说明，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上；术语“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”等仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。
在本申请的描述中，还需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可视具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
为了更好地理解本申请，下面结合图1至图9根据本申请实施例的电池模组20和二次电池10进行详细描述。
参见图1所示，本申请实施例提供一种电池模组20，其包括：两个以上的本实施例的二次电池10以及用于连接两个二次电池10的汇流排。两个以上的二次电池10沿同一方向并排设置。汇流排的一端与两个二次电池10中的一个二次电池10连接固定，另一端与另一个二次电池10连接固定。本实施例的两个以上的二次电池10能够沿自身厚度方向并排设置以形成电池模组20。
参见图2和图3所示本申请实施例的二次电池10包括壳体11、设置于壳体11内的电极组件13以及与壳体11密封连接的顶盖组件12。
本实施例的壳体11可以是四棱柱体形状或其他形状。壳体11具有开口的容纳孔11a。容纳孔11a用于容纳电极组件13和电解液。壳体11可以由例如铝、铝合金或塑料等材料制造。
本申请实施例的电极组件13包括沿与容纳孔11a的轴向X相垂直的第一方向Y相对的两个端面13a以及从每个端面13a延伸出的极耳13b。本实施例中，电极组件13的每个端面13a上延伸出一个极耳13b。每个电极组件13具有沿第一方向Y相对的两个极耳13b，其中一个极耳13b作为正极耳，另一个作为负极耳。
参见图2至图4所示，本实施例的电极组件13包括两个以上的沿容纳孔11a的轴向X层叠设置的电极单元131。本实施例的电极单元131可通过将第一极片、第二极片以及隔膜一同堆叠或者卷绕而形成本体以及与本体相连接的子极耳。隔膜是介于第一极片和第二极片之间的绝缘体。本实施例的电极单元131包括一层隔膜、一层第一极片，一层隔膜和一层第二极片。在本实施例中，示例性地以第一极片为正极片，第二极片为负极片进行说明。同样地，在其他的实施例中，第一极片还可以为负极片，而第二极片为正极片。另外，正极活性物质被涂覆在正极片的涂覆区上，而负极活性物质被涂覆到负极片的涂覆区上。从本体延伸出的未涂覆区则作为子极耳。电极单元131包括沿第一方向Y相对设置的两个子极耳，即正极耳和负极耳。正极耳从正极片的涂覆区延伸出；负极耳从负极片的涂覆区延伸出。第一方向Y垂直于轴向X，这里的垂直并不仅限于数学意义上的严格垂直定义。每个电极组件13的端面13a包括各个电极单元131的子端面131c，而每个电极组件13的极耳13b包括各个电极单元131的子极耳131d。在一个实施例中，参见图3所示，电极单元131为扁平状结构，其具有两个宽面和连接两个宽面131a的两个窄面131b。两个宽面131a沿轴向X相对设置。宽面131a和窄面131b交替设置。
本实施例的顶盖组件12与壳体11密封连接以盖闭开口。在一个实施例中，顶盖组件12包括顶盖板121和极柱122。顶盖组件12通过顶盖板121密封连接于壳体11。极柱122设置于顶盖板121并且与电极组件13通过集流单元电连接。
参见图2所示，本申请实施例的二次电池10还包括将电极组件13与顶盖组件12相连接的集流单元14。在一个示例中，极耳13b通过集流单元14与极柱122连接。本实施例的集流单元14包括第一片材141和连接于第一片材141的第一集流片14a。第一片材141和第一集流片14a均沿轴向X延伸。在一个实施例中，在第一方向Y上，第一集流片14a的厚度方向和第一片材141的厚度方向均与第一方向Y相同。进一步地，第一集流片14a和第一片材141至少部分重叠设置。在一个实施例中，第一片材141的至少一部分位于电极组件13的一个端面13a和壳体11之间，而第一集流片14a连接于第一片材141位于电极组件13的一个端面13a和壳体11之间的部分上。极耳13b相对于第一方向Y弯折并且电连接于第一集流片14a。在一个实施例中，极耳13b弯折后的部分沿轴向X延伸。进一步可选地，在第一方向Y上，极耳13b连接于第一集流片14a的部分、第一集流片14a和第一片材141三者至少部分重叠设置。
根据本申请实施例提供的二次电池10，其包括具有容纳孔11a的壳体11、设置于壳体11内的电极组件13以及用于对电极组件13输入或输出电能的集流单元14。集流单元14包括第一片材141以及连接于第一片材141的第一集流片14a。第一集流片14a和第一片材141均沿容纳孔11a的轴向X延伸。由于本申请实施例的集流单元14所包括的第一片材141和第一集流片14a，因此第一片材141和第一集流片14a自身尺寸小，占用壳体11内部空间少，从而有利于节省壳体11内部空间，提高二次电池10的能量密度，另一方面，由于第一集流片14a沿轴向X延伸，从而减小在第一方向Y上的空间占用率，因此也有利于提高二次电池10的能量密度。另外，本申请实施例的集流单元14能够将电极组件13的极耳13b与顶盖组件12的极柱122电连接。第一集流片14a包括用于与极耳13b电连接的第一集流片14a。第一集流片14a能够与相应的极耳13b连接固定。本实施例的集流单元14通过设置于第一片材141上的第一集流片14a与极耳13b连接固定。在本实施例的集流单元14使用状态下，第一集流片14a与电极组件13距离较远，从而能够预留出让位空间，便于通过使用焊接设备将第一集流片14a与极耳13b进行焊接操作，从而有效降低焊 接操作难度，提高焊接质量，进而有利于提升第一集流片14a与极耳13b连接的稳定性，使得彼此不易发生分离，保证二次电池10使用过程的稳定性和安全性。
本申请实施例的第一集流片14a具有与第一片材141连接的第一连接端14c。第一连接端14c沿与轴向X和第一方向Y相垂直的第二方向Z延伸，第二方向Z与二次电池10的自身厚度方向平行。第一集流片14a通过第一连接端14c与第一片材141相连接。由于第一连接端14c沿第二方向Z延伸，从而保证第一集流片14a背向电极组件13的表面面积较大，因此极耳13b与第一集流片14a连接更加可靠稳定。在一个实施例中，极耳13b沿第二方向Z上的长度大于沿轴向X的厚度，而第一集流片14a在第二方向Z上的长度大于自身沿第一方向Y的厚度，从而保证第一集流片14a和极耳13b的连接区域较大。在一个示例中，第一集流片14a为矩形结构体。可选地，本实施例的第一集流片14a和极耳13b可以通过超声波焊接连接。
本实施例的第一集流片14a位于第一片材141靠近壳体11的一侧。极耳13b与第一集流片14a背向第一片材141的表面连接固定。第一片材141位于第一集流片14a和电极组件13的端面13a之间。第一集流片14a不会与电极组件13的端面13a发生接触，避免在安装过程中或后期使用过程中第一集流片14a刮伤或损坏电极组件13中的电极单元131。由于极耳13b连接固定于第一集流片14a背向第一片材141的表面，从而极耳13b的自由端部也不会在安装过程中或后期使用过程中翻折而与电极组件13的端面13a接触，进而降低极耳13b翻折插入端面13a而导致电极单元131发生结构性损坏或破损的可能性。另外，极耳13b、第一集流片14a和第一片材141三者在第一方向Y上的总厚度较小，有效减少占用端面13a和壳体11之间的空间，从而有效提高二次电池10的能量密度。
参见图5和图6所示，本实施例的集流单元14还包括连接于第一片材141的第二集流片14b。第一集流片14a和第二集流片14b均沿轴向X延伸，并且两者沿轴向X至少部分重叠设置，从而减少第一集流片14a和第二集流片14b在第二方向Z上的尺寸。第二集流片14b具有沿第二方向 Z延伸的第二连接端。第二集流片14b通过第二连接端与第一片材141相连接。电极组件13的数量为两组。两组电极组件13沿轴向X层叠设置，一组电极组件13的极耳13b与第一集流片14a电连接，另一组电极组件13的极耳13b与第二集流片14b电连接。通过使用第一集流片14a和第二集流片14b将两组电极组件13的同极极耳13b连接起来并实现电流汇集。这样，一方面，能够避免出现多个电极单元131通过一个极耳13b连接于第一集流片14a时，导致极耳13b和第一集流片14a连接位置温度过高的情况；另一方面，极耳13b延伸出较短的尺寸即可与位置相对应的第一集流片14a或第二集流片14b连接固定，从而不需要极耳13b延伸出端面13a的尺寸过长连接于第一集流片14a，进而使得电极单元131加工尺寸统一、加工工序统一，降低加工制造难度和加工成本。
在一个实施例中，每组电极组件13均包括两个电极单元131。电极单元131具有子端面131c和从子端面131c延伸出的子极耳131d。两个同侧的子端面131c形成端面13a，而两个同极的子极耳131d汇集形成极耳13b。一个电极单元131的子极耳131d在轴向上从子端面131c靠近另一个电极单元131的区域延伸出，从而两个电极单元131各自的子极耳131d相互靠近并且延伸出较短的距离即可汇集成与第一集流片14a和第二集流片14b连接固定的极耳13b。这样，一方面，子极耳131d不会由于自身延伸长度过长而导致出现长度冗余的情况。子极耳131d出现冗余情况时，容易导致子极耳131d折弯出现应力集中区域而发生断裂的情况，另一方面，子极耳131d的延伸尺寸控制在较小的范围内，有利于降低子极耳131d汇集形成的极耳13b占用空间率，提高二次电池10的能量密度。
本实施例的第一集流片14a和第二集流片14b均位于第一片材141靠近壳体11的一侧。第一集流片14a和第二集流片14b均沿轴向X延伸。第一集流片14a和第二集流片14b朝靠近彼此的方向延伸，从而第一集流片14a和第二集流片14b与端面13a之间被第一片材141隔离开，使得第一集流片14a和第二集流片14b均不会与电极组件13的端面13a相接触。由于第一集流片14a和第二集流片14b朝靠近彼此的方向延伸，从而降低在轴向X上占用空间率，有利于提高二次电池10的能量密度。可选 地，第二集流片14b的厚度方向与第一片材141的厚度方向相同，并且两者的厚度方向与第一方向Y相同。第二集流片14b和第一集流片14a的结构相同。可选地，本实施例的第二集流片14b和极耳13b可以通过超声波焊接连接。
参见图7所示，本实施例的第一片材141包括沿轴向X延伸的主体部141a以及连接于主体部141a的第一外延部141b。第一外延部141b沿与轴向X和第一方向Y相垂直的第二方向Z向主体部141a的外侧延伸。第一集流片14a和第二集流片14b分别连接于第一外延部141b沿轴向X的两端。两组电极组件13沿轴向X层叠设置，因此各自的极耳13b沿轴向X间隔设置。位于电极组件13同一侧的两个极耳13b能够分别绕过第一外延部141b沿轴向X的相对两个端部而与第一集流片14a和第二集流片14b连接固定。由于第一集流片14a和第二集流片14b分别连接于第一外延部141b相对的两端，从而延伸出的极耳13b的尺寸不需要太长即可与第一集流片14a或第二集流片14b连接固定，因此有效缩短极耳13b延伸出的长度，有利于降低极耳13b的空间占用率，提高二次电池10的能量密度，同时也有效降低加工成本。
参见图9所示，本实施例的第一片材141还包括连接于主体部141a的第二外延部141c。第一外延部141b与第二外延部141c沿轴向X间隔设置以形成避空缺口141d。沿容纳孔11a的轴向X，避空缺口141d位于第一集流片14a靠近顶盖组件12的一侧。极耳13b能够穿过避空缺口141d与第一集流片14a相连接。第一片材141可以通过主体部141a和第二外延部141c共同与极柱122电连接。第二外延部141c能够增强第一片材141的强度和刚度以及第一片材141的过流面积。在一个实施例中，避空缺口141d沿与轴向X和第一方向Y相垂直的第二方向Z延伸并越过第一集流片14a。这样，极耳13b在从避空缺口141d穿过时，极耳13b不会与主体部141a发生接触而导致主体部141a对极耳13b形成挤压，从而降低极耳13b被主体部141a挤压发生变形或破损的可能性，同时也降低极耳13b发生错位而导致与第一集流片14a连接区域不精确、不稳定的可能性。在一个示例中，避空结构为沿第二方向Z延伸的槽体。
在一个实施例中，在轴向X上，第一外延部141b的至少一部分和第二外延部141c重叠设置。这样，在不增大第一片材141整体尺寸的前提下，能够保证在第一片材141上设计出避空缺口141d，同时保证主体部141a和第二片材连接过渡区具有更大的过流面积，从而一方面有利于提高第一片材141的结构紧凑性，有利于提高二次电池10的能量密度，另一方面也保证第一片材141和第二片材之间具有良好的过流能力，提升二次电池10工作稳定性和可靠性。
参见图7或图8所示，本实施例的集流单元14还包括与顶盖组件12相连接的第二片材142。主体部141a和第二片材142相交设置。第二片材142沿第一方向Y延伸。本实施例的第二片材142的厚度方向与轴向X相同。第二片材142具有远离电极组件13的凸台142a。第二片材142通过凸台142a与顶盖组件12所包括的极柱122电连接。在一个实施例中，第一片材141、第二片材142、第一集流片14a及第二集流片14b为一体式结构，从而一方面保证集流单元14的整体结构强度和抗冲击能力，另一方面，集流单元14能够通过一体成型加工方式加工制造，减少加工工序，降低加工成本。
在一个实施例中，集流单元14的数量可以是一个。一个电极组件13的两个极耳13b分别是正极耳和负极耳。集流单元14所包括的第一集流片14a可以与正极耳或负极耳电连接。在另一个实施例中，参见图3或图5所示，集流单元14的数量为两个。两个集流单元14在第一方向Y上间隔设置。在第一方向Y上，电极组件13设置于两个集流单元14之间。电极组件13所包括的电极单元131的本体处于两个集流单元14之间，而电极组件13所包括的两个极耳13b分别对应两个集流单元14。一个极耳13b和一个集流单元14相连接，另一个极耳13b和另一个集流单元14相连接。本实施例中，两个集流单元14各自通过第一集流片14a与相对应的极耳13b电连接。
在一个实施例中，电极组件13包括两个电极单元131。电极单元131具有两个宽面131a和连接两个宽面131a的两个窄面131b。两个宽面131a沿轴向X相对设置。宽面131a和窄面131b交替设置。极耳13b从端 面13a靠近两个电极单元131相邻的两个宽面131a的区域延伸出，从而在轴向X方向上，极耳13b大致处于端面13a的中央区域，保证从两个电极单元131引出的两个子极耳131d的尺寸大致相同，有利于电极单元131加工制造工序一致性，降低加工制造成本。
本申请实施例的电池模组20包括多个沿同一方向并排设置的二次电池10。由于本实施例的各个二次电池10所包括的电极单元131沿壳体11的容纳孔11a的轴向X层叠设置。本实施例的电极单元131发生膨胀时，主要沿容纳孔11a的轴向X膨胀变形，而在二次电池10的排列方向上的膨胀量较小。这样，各个二次电池10在排列方向上累积的膨胀合力较小。在二次电池10的排列方向上，电池模组20不需要使用具有较高强度的结构件来约束抵消膨胀力或使用较低强度的结构件即可约束抵消膨胀力，从而有效降低电池模组20的整体质量，使得电池模组20自身结构更加紧凑，有效提升电池模组20的能量密度。同时，电池模组20自身在二次电池10自身厚度方向上膨胀量较小或无膨胀量，能够有效提升使用过程安全性。
参见图10所示，本申请实施例提供一种二次电池10的制造方法，其包括：
将具有容纳孔11a的壳体11放置于预定组装工位，容纳孔11a具有开口；
提供顶盖组件12；
提供包括第一片材141和第一集流片14a的集流单元14，将第一片材141连接于顶盖组件12；
将两个以上的电极单元131层叠设置以形成电极组件13，电极组件13包括沿第一方向Y相对的两个端面13a以及从每个端面13a延伸出的极耳13b，将极耳13b相对于第一方向Y弯折并且电连接于第一集流片14a；
将电极组件13从开口装入容纳孔11a，两个以上的电极单元131沿容纳孔11a的轴向X层叠设置，第一片材141和第一集流片14a均沿轴向X延伸，将顶盖组件12与壳体11密封连接以盖闭开口。
使用本申请实施例的二次电池10的制造方法制造的二次电池10，其包括具有容纳孔11a的壳体11、设置于壳体11内的电极组件13以及用于对电极组件13输入或输出电能的集流单元14。本实施例的集流单元14通过设置于第一片材141上的第一集流片14a与极耳13b连接固定。在本实施例的集流单元14使用状态下，第一集流片14a与电极组件13距离较远，从而能够预留出让位空间，便于通过使用焊接设备将第一集流片14a与极耳13b进行焊接操作，从而有效降低焊接操作难度，提高焊接质量，进而有利于提升第一集流片14a与极耳13b连接的稳定性，使得彼此不易发生分离，保证二次电池10使用过程的稳定性和安全性。
虽然已经参考优选实施例对本申请进行了描述，但在不脱离本申请的范围的情况下，可以对其进行各种改进并且可以用等效物替换其中的部件。尤其是，只要不存在结构冲突，各个实施例中所提到的各项技术特征均可以任意方式组合起来。本申请并不局限于文中公开的特定实施例，而是包括落入权利要求的范围内的所有技术方案。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种二次电池，其中，包括：
    壳体，所述壳体包括具有开口的容纳孔；
    顶盖组件，所述顶盖组件与所述壳体密封连接以盖闭所述开口；
    电极组件，设置于所述容纳孔内，所述电极组件包括沿与所述容纳孔的轴向相垂直的第一方向相对的两个端面以及从每个所述端面延伸出的极耳，所述电极组件包括两个以上沿所述轴向层叠设置的电极单元；
    集流单元，所述集流单元包括第一片材和连接于所述第一片材的第一集流片，所述第一片材和所述第一集流片均沿所述轴向延伸，所述极耳相对于所述第一方向弯折并且电连接于所述第一集流片。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的二次电池，其中，所述第一集流片具有与所述第一片材连接的第一连接端，所述第一连接端沿与所述轴向和所述第一方向相垂直的第二方向延伸。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的二次电池，其中，所述第一集流片位于所述第一片材靠近所述壳体的一侧，所述极耳与所述第一集流片背向所述第一片材的表面连接固定。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的二次电池，其中，所述集流单元还包括连接于所述第一片材的第二集流片，所述第一集流片和所述第二集流片均沿所述轴向延伸，且两者沿所述轴向至少部分重叠设置，所述电极组件的数量为两组，两组所述电极组件沿所述轴向层叠设置，一组所述电极组件的所述极耳与所述第一集流片电连接，另一组所述电极组件的所述极耳与所述第二集流片电连接。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的二次电池，其中，所述第一集流片和所述第二集流片均位于所述第一片材靠近所述壳体的一侧，所述第一集流片和所述第二集流片朝靠近彼此的方向延伸。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的二次电池，其中，所述第一片材包括沿所述轴向延伸的主体部以及连接于所述主体部的第一外延部，所述第一外延部沿与所述轴向和所述第一方向相垂直的第二方向向所述主体部的外侧延 伸，所述第一集流片和所述第二集流片分别连接于所述第一外延部沿所述轴向的两端。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的二次电池，其中，所述第一片材还包括连接于所述主体部的第二外延部，所述第一外延部与所述第二外延部沿所述轴向间隔设置以形成避空缺口，沿所述轴向，所述避空缺口位于所述第一集流片靠近所述顶盖组件的一侧，所述极耳能够穿过所述避空缺口与所述第一集流片相连接。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的二次电池，其中，所述避空缺口沿所述第二方向延伸并越过所述第一集流片。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的二次电池，其中，在所述轴向上，所述第一外延部的至少一部分和所述第二外延部重叠设置。
  10. 根据权利要求6所述的二次电池，其中，所述集流单元还包括与所述顶盖组件相连接的第二片材，所述主体部和所述第二片材相交设置，所述第一片材、所述第二片材、所述第一集流片及所述第二集流片为一体式结构。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的二次电池，其中，所述集流单元的数量为两个，在所述第一方向上，所述电极组件设置于两个所述集流单元之间，两个所述集流单元各自通过所述第一集流片与相对应的所述极耳电连接。
  12. 根据权利要求1所述的二次电池，其中，所述电极组件的数量为两组，两组所述电极组件沿所述轴向层叠设置，每组所述电极组件均包括两个所述电极单元，所述电极单元具有子端面和从所述子端面延伸出的子极耳，两个同侧的所述子端面形成所述端面，两个同极的所述子极耳汇集形成所述极耳，一个所述电极单元的所述子极耳在所述轴向上从所述子端面靠近另一个所述电极单元的一侧延伸出。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的二次电池，其中，所述电极单元具有两个宽面和连接两个所述宽面的两个窄面，两个所述宽面沿所述轴向相对设置，所述宽面和所述窄面交替设置，所述极耳从所述端面靠近两个所述电极单元相邻的两个所述宽面的区域延伸出。
  14. 一种电池模组，包括两个以上的如权利要求1至13任一项所述的 二次电池，两个以上的所述二次电池并排设置。
  15. 一种二次电池的制造方法，其中，包括：
    将具有容纳孔的壳体放置于预定组装工位，所述容纳孔具有开口；
    提供顶盖组件；
    提供包括第一片材和第一集流片的集流单元，将所述第一片材连接于所述顶盖组件；
    将两个以上的电极单元层叠设置以形成电极组件，所述电极组件包括沿第一方向相对的两个端面以及从每个所述端面延伸出的极耳，将所述极耳相对于所述第一方向弯折并且电连接于所述第一集流片；
    将所述电极组件从所述开口装入所述容纳孔，两个以上的所述电极单元沿所述容纳孔的轴向层叠设置，所述第一片材和所述第一集流片均沿所述轴向延伸，将所述顶盖组件与所述壳体密封连接以盖闭所述开口。
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