WO2020133774A1 - 一种弹性波相控发射逆合成接收方法 - Google Patents

一种弹性波相控发射逆合成接收方法 Download PDF

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WO2020133774A1
WO2020133774A1 PCT/CN2019/080715 CN2019080715W WO2020133774A1 WO 2020133774 A1 WO2020133774 A1 WO 2020133774A1 CN 2019080715 W CN2019080715 W CN 2019080715W WO 2020133774 A1 WO2020133774 A1 WO 2020133774A1
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elastic wave
receiving
wave
controlled
phase
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
郭银景
孔芳
吕文红
丁庆安
高洁
孙红雨
陈赓
王正杰
陆翔
牛晨曦
孟庆良
刘辉
周玉洁
杨文健
刘珍
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Shandong University of Science and Technology
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
    • G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
    • G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
    • G01V1/16—Receiving elements for seismic signals; Arrangements or adaptations of receiving elements
    • G01V1/18—Receiving elements, e.g. seismometer, geophone or torque detectors, for localised single point measurements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
    • G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
    • G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. for interpretation or for event detection
    • G01V1/30—Analysis

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of geological exploration, in particular to an elastic wave phase-controlled transmission inverse synthesis receiving method.
  • groove wave seismic exploration technology mainly uses the guided waves that are excited and propagated in underground coal seams to effectively detect local small structures, abnormal bodies and coal seams in coal seams.
  • the thickness variation can effectively guide the underground coal mining in the coal field, and is of great significance for safe mining.
  • the main energy of the slot wave is concentrated in the low frequency band.
  • the transmission carrier frequency of the existing slot wave analyzer is concentrated in O. OlHz-lOKHz.
  • the frequency information of the carrier signal is not enough; when analyzing the characteristics of the slot wave, it is necessary to obtain accurate information on the phase of the slot wave.
  • the carrier transmission signal based on single pulse modulation cannot meet the actual needs. For the exploration of complex geological structures, the accuracy is low.
  • the present invention provides an elastic wave phase-controlled transmission inverse synthesis receiving method.
  • An elastic wave phase-controlled transmission inverse synthesis receiving method includes a transmitting part and a receiving part.
  • the transmitting part includes a slot wave analyzer, a solid-state amplifier, a power division module, a plurality of transmission path-controlled phase shifters and a plurality of elastic waves
  • the transmitting antenna, the receiving part includes multiple elastic wave receiving antennas, multiple receiving path-controlled phase shifters and a vector module;
  • Step 1 The slot wave analyzer transmits a pulse-modulated carrier transmission signal.
  • the pulse-modulated carrier transmission signal is sent to a solid-state amplifier.
  • the solid-state amplifier amplifies the pulse-modulated carrier transmission signal and sends it to a power division module.
  • the power division module pulse-modulates Carrier transmission signals are distributed with equal power, and multiple transmission signals are output.
  • Each transmission signal is sent to a transmission path-controlled phase shifter, and each transmission path-controlled phase shifter is connected to an elastic wave transmitting antenna;
  • Step 2 The transmission path-controlled phase shifter performs phase numerical control adjustment on the transmission signal, and then sends it into the elastic wave transmitting antenna, and the elastic wave transmitting antenna transmits the detection signal to the target formation;
  • Step 3 The elastic wave receiving antenna receives the elastic wave echo from the target formation, each elastic wave receiving antenna is connected to a receiving path-controlled phase shifter, and the receiving path-controlled phase shifter is connected to the vector module;
  • Step 4 Receive the distance-controlled phase shifter to adjust the phase of the elastic wave echo numerically, and then send it to the vector module, where the parameters of multiple elastic wave echo signals are fused to synthesize the geological structure The modulation functions of the slot wave signals of different frequencies are sent to the slot wave analyzer for analysis.
  • step 1 the pulse modulated carrier transmission signal transmitted by the slot wave analyzer is subjected to pre-emphasis processing
  • Pre-emphasis processing is to increase the transmit power of frequency components that may be strongly attenuated according to the prior knowledge of the target slot wave attenuation characteristics.
  • the receiving part further includes a plurality of low-noise amplifiers and a plurality of frequency selection filters, after receiving the phase-controlled adjustment of the elastic wave echo by the path-controlled phase shifter, the elastic wave echo is first sent to the low-noise amplifier After processing, it enters the frequency selection filter again, and the elastic wave echo processed by the self-frequency selection filter is sent to the vector module.
  • the elastic wave phase-controlled transmission inverse synthesis receiving method uses phase-controlled transmission technology to convert a set of single-pulse modulated carrier transmission signals subjected to pre-emphasis and power division processing from an elastic wave transmission antenna to contain certain detection information
  • the elastic wave is coupled to the target stratum channel for transmission; using inverse synthesis receiving technology, a series of elastic waves of different paths after being propagated through the ground and reflected at each interface are received by the elastic wave receiving antenna, and multiple slot wave returns are fused
  • the parameters of the wave signal synthesize the modulation function of the geological structure to the groove wave signals of different frequencies, thereby improving the accuracy of the groove wave analysis and obtaining a higher resolution of geological structure detection.
  • FIG. 1 is a structural block diagram of a transmitting part.
  • FIG. 2 is a structural block diagram of a receiving section.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of wave speed direction shift control.
  • FIG. 4 is a working diagram of a phased array.
  • an elastic wave phase-controlled transmission inverse synthesis receiving method includes a transmitting part and a receiving part.
  • the transmitting part includes a slot wave analyzer, a solid-state amplifier, a power division module, and multiple transmission path control shifts
  • the receiving part includes multiple elastic wave receiving antennas, multiple receiving path-controlled phase shifters and a vector module.
  • the method includes the following steps:
  • Step 1 The slot wave analyzer transmits a pulse-modulated carrier transmission signal.
  • the pulse-modulated carrier transmission signal is sent to a solid-state amplifier.
  • the solid-state amplifier amplifies the pulse-modulated carrier transmission signal and sends it to the power division module.
  • the power division module pulse-modulates Carrier transmission signals are divided into equal powers, and multiple transmission signals are output. Each transmission signal is sent to a transmission path-controlled phase shifter, and each transmission path-controlled phase shifter is connected to an elastic wave transmitting antenna.
  • Step 2 The transmission path-controlled phase shifter performs numerical control adjustment on the phase of the transmitted signal, and then sends it to the elastic wave transmitting antenna, which transmits the detection signal to the target formation.
  • the function of the phase adjustment of the transmission path-controlled phase shifter is to make the phases of the beams emitted by the elastic wave transmitting antennas different, based on the Huygensle principle by controlling the time difference of the transmission of each elastic wave transmitting antenna, so that the transmitter can rotate like The same antenna realizes the propagation of the beam in different directions, and achieves the effect of quickly scanning different directions of the formation.
  • Step 3 The elastic wave receiving antenna receives elastic wave echoes from the target formation, each elastic wave receiving antenna is connected to a receiving path-controlled phase shifter, and each elastic wave receiving antenna receives echoes of transmitted signals of different phases .
  • the receiving path-controlled phase shifter is connected with the vector module.
  • Step 4 Receive the distance-controlled phase shifter to adjust the phase of the elastic wave echo numerically, and then send it to the vector module.
  • the parameters of multiple elastic wave echo signals are fused to synthesize the geological structure.
  • the modulation functions of the slot wave signals of different frequencies are sent to the slot wave analyzer for analysis.
  • the receiving part further includes a plurality of low-noise amplifiers and a plurality of frequency selection filters.
  • the elastic wave echo After receiving the phase-controlled adjustment of the elastic wave echo by the path-controlled phase shifter, the elastic wave echo is first sent to the low-noise amplifier After processing, it enters the frequency selection filter again, and the elastic wave echo processed by the self-frequency selection filter is sent to the vector module.
  • the antenna of the present invention uses a linear phased antenna
  • the antenna array has N sub-transmit (receive) array elements rn , r,, r 2 .
  • the distance between the array elements is to make the signal beam point to 0 (the angle from which the beam deviates from the normal of the array), and it is only necessary to form a straight isophase plane as shown in FIG. 3. That is, the radiation signals of the array elements reach this plane with the same phase .
  • the phase control wave speed is directed to the direction, and the radiation signals of each array element are sent at the same time, but the signal phase is different.
  • the relationship between the phase difference between adjacent sub-transmitting units and the beam pointing direction is:
  • d is the array element spacing
  • e is the beam pointing
  • AO is the phase difference between adjacent array elements.
  • the beams with different buckling (pointing) can be synthesized as described above, the beams can be propagated in different directions, and a quick scanning effect on different directions of the stratum can be achieved.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Geophysics (AREA)
  • Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)

Abstract

一种弹性波相控发射逆合成接收方法，利用相控发射技术将经过预加重和功分处理的单脉冲调制载波发射信号由弹性波发射天线转为包含探测信息的弹性波耦合到目标地层信道中进行传输；利用逆合成接收技术，将经过大地传播和各个交界面反射以后不同路径的弹性波，利用弹性波接收天线进行接收，融合多个槽波回波信号的参数，合成地质构造对不同频率槽波信号的调制函数，从而提高槽波分析的精度，获得较高的地质构造探测分辨率。

Description

说明书 发明名称:一种弹性波相控发射逆合成接收方法 技术领域
[0001] 本发明涉及地质勘探领域， 具体涉及一种弹性波相控发射逆合成接收方法。
背景技术
[0002] 目前人类对于地球深部的认知相当匮乏， 因此， 超前布局、 抢占深地研究高地 、 积极推动深地基础前沿大科学问题探索已迫在眉睫。 随着勘探技术的不断发 展， 各种勘探方法营运而生， 其中槽波地震勘探技术主要利用在井下煤层中的 激发和传播的导波来有效探测煤层中存在的局部小构造、 异常体及煤层厚度变 化情况， 能够有效指导煤田井下煤炭开采工作， 对安全开采具有非常重要的意 义。 受地层强吸收衰减的影响， 槽波的主要能量均集中在低频段， 现有槽波分 析仪的发射载波频率集中在 O.OlHz-lOKHz 要想获得较高的地质构造探测分辨 率， 只利用载波信号的频率信息是不够的； 分析槽波特性时， 需要获得槽波相 位的精确信息， 基于单脉冲调制的载波发射信号无法满足实际需要， 对于复杂 地质构造进行勘探， 精度较低。
发明概述
技术问题
问题的解决方案
技术解决方案
[0003] 针对现有的单脉冲调制的载波发射信号不能满足槽波分析的要求， 本发明提供 了一种弹性波相控发射逆合成接收方法。
[0004] 本发明采用以下的技术方案：
[0005] 一种弹性波相控发射逆合成接收方法， 包括发射部分和接收部分， 发射部分包 括槽波分析仪、 固态放大器、 功分模块、 多个发射路程控移相器和多个弹性波 发射天线， 接收部分包括多个弹性波接收天线、 多个接收路程控移相器和矢量 模块；
[0006] 该方法包括以下步骤: [0007] 步骤 1 : 槽波分析仪发射脉冲调制载波发射信号， 脉冲调制载波发射信号送至 固态放大器， 固态放大器对脉冲调制载波发射信号进行放大后送入功分模块， 功分模块将脉冲调制载波发射信号进行等功率分配， 输出多路发射信号， 每路 发射信号送入一个发射路程控移相器， 每个发射路程控移相器与一个弹性波发 射天线相连；
[0008] 步骤 2: 发射路程控移相器对发射信号进行相位数控调节， 之后， 送入弹性波 发射天线， 弹性波发射天线发射探测信号至目标地层；
[0009] 步骤 3: 弹性波接收天线接收来自目标地层的弹性波回波， 每个弹性波接收天 线与一个接收路程控移相器相连， 接收路程控移相器与矢量模块相连；
[0010] 步骤 4: 接收路程控移相器对弹性波回波进行相位数控调节， 之后， 送入矢量 模块， 在矢量模块内， 将多个弹性波回波信号的参数进行融合， 合成地质构造 对不同频率槽波信号的调制函数送入槽波分析仪进行分析。
[0011] 优选地， 步骤 1中， 槽波分析仪发射的脉冲调制载波发射信号进行预加重处理
， 预加重处理为依据目标地层槽波衰减特性先验知识， 增加可能被强衰减的频 率分量的发射功率。
[0012] 优选地， 接收部分还包括多个低噪放大器和多个选频滤波器， 接收路程控移相 器对弹性波回波进行相位数控调节后， 弹性波回波先送入低噪放大器处理后， 再进入选频滤波器， 自选频滤波器处理后的弹性波回波送入矢量模块。
发明的有益效果
有益效果
[0013] 本发明具有的有益效果是：
[0014] 本发明提供的弹性波相控发射逆合成接收方法， 利用相控发射技术将经过预加 重和功分处理的一组单脉冲调制载波发射信号由弹性波发射天线转为包含一定 探测信息的弹性波耦合到目标地层信道中进行传输； 利用逆合成接收技术， 将 一系列经过大地传播和各个交界面反射以后不同路径的弹性波， 利用弹性波接 收天线进行接收， 融合多个槽波回波信号的参数， 合成地质构造对不同频率槽 波信号的调制函数， 从而提高槽波分析的精度， 获得较高的地质构造探测分辨 率。 对附图的简要说明
附图说明
[0015] 图 1为发射部分的结构框图。
[0016] 图 2为接收部分的结构框图。
[0017] 图 3为波速指向移相控制原理图。
[0018] 图 4为相控阵工作原理图。
发明实施例
本发明的实施方式
[0019] 下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明的具体实施方式做进一步说明：
[0020] 结合图 1至图 4, 一种弹性波相控发射逆合成接收方法， 包括发射部分和接收部 分， 发射部分包括槽波分析仪、 固态放大器、 功分模块、 多个发射路程控移相 器和多个弹性波发射天线， 接收部分包括多个弹性波接收天线、 多个接收路程 控移相器和矢量模块。
[0021] 该方法包括以下步骤：
[0022] 步骤 1 : 槽波分析仪发射脉冲调制载波发射信号， 脉冲调制载波发射信号送至 固态放大器， 固态放大器对脉冲调制载波发射信号进行放大后送入功分模块， 功分模块将脉冲调制载波发射信号进行等功率分配， 输出多路发射信号， 每路 发射信号送入一个发射路程控移相器， 每个发射路程控移相器与一个弹性波发 射天线相连。
[0023] 槽波分析仪发射的脉冲调制载波发射信号要先进行预加重处理。
[0024] 考虑到不同频率的弹性波在地层中传播时， 其衰减特性随地层岩性的变化而剧 烈变化。 脉冲调制载波发射信号的不同频率分量在地层中传播后， 回波中的各 频率分量能量损耗往往差异很大。 为了补偿不同地域地层的槽波衰减特性对回 波信号的影响， 提高接收灵敏度， 在产生发射信号时， 采用预加重处理技术， 依据目标地层槽波衰减特性先验知识， 增加可能被强衰减的频率分量的发射功 率。
[0025] 为了保证发射信号的等幅等相， 釆用一部总前级固态放大器和功分模块对脉冲 调制载波发射信号进行处理。 [0026| 步骤 2: 发射路程控移相器对发射信号进行相位数控调节， 之后， 送入弹性波 发射天线， 弹性波发射天线发射探测信号至目标地层。
[0027 | 发射路程控移相器进行相位调节的作用是： 使得弹性波发射天线发出的波束的 相位不同， 基于惠更斯耳原理通过控制各弹性波发射天线发射的时间差， 从而 发射机能像转动的天线一样实现波束不同指向的传播， 达到一个对地层不同方 位快速扫描的效果。
[0028 | 步骤 3: 弹性波接收天线接收来自目标地层的弹性波回波， 每个弹性波接收天 线与一个接收路程控移相器相连，每个弹性波接收天线接收不同相位发射信号的 回波。 接收路程控移相器与矢量模块相连。
[0029] 步骤 4: 接收路程控移相器对弹性波回波进行相位数控调节， 之后， 送入矢量 模块， 在矢量模块内， 将多个弹性波回波信号的参数进行融合， 合成地质构造 对不同频率槽波信号的调制函数送入槽波分析仪进行分析。
[0030] 具体的， 接收部分还包括多个低噪放大器和多个选频滤波器， 接收路程控移相 器对弹性波回波进行相位数控调节后， 弹性波回波先送入低噪放大器处理后， 再进入选频滤波器， 自选频滤波器处理后的弹性波回波送入矢量模块。
[0031] 如图 3和图 4所示. 本发明的天线采用线性相控天线， 天线阵有 N个子发射 （接 收） 阵元 r n，r ,, r 2，..
Figure imgf000006_0001
阵元间的距离为 为使信号波束指向 0 （波束偏 离阵面法向的角度） ， 只需要形成图 3所示的平直等相位面. 即各阵元的辐射信 号到达此平面吋相位相同。 相位控制波速指向吋， 各阵元辐射信号同吋发出， 但信号相位不同。 相邻子发射单元之间相位差与波束指向关系为：
[0032] d. sinG
△ = 2丌
X
[00331 式中， d为阵元间距， e为波束指向， 人为信号波长； AO为相邻阵元馈相差。
[0034] 这样就可以达到上述所说的合成不同扣位（指向）的波束， 实现波束不同指向的 传播， 达到一个对地层不同方位快速扫描的效果。
[0035] 当然， 上述说明并非是对本发明的限制， 本发明也并不仅限于上述举例， 本技 术领域的技术人员在本发明的实质范围内所做出的变化、 改型、 添加或替换， 也应属于本发明的保护范围。
替换页 （细则第 26条）

Claims

权利要求书
[权利要求 1] 一种弹性波相控发射逆合成接收方法， 其特征在于， 包括发射部分和 接收部分， 发射部分包括槽波分析仪、 固态放大器、 功分模块、 多个 发射路程控移相器和多个弹性波发射天线， 接收部分包括多个弹性波 接收天线、 多个接收路程控移相器和矢量模块； 该方法包括以下步骤：
步骤 1 : 槽波分析仪发射脉冲调制载波发射信号， 脉冲调制载波发射 信号送至固态放大器， 固态放大器对脉冲调制载波发射信号进行放大 后送入功分模块， 功分模块将脉冲调制载波发射信号进行等功率分配 ， 输出多路发射信号， 每路发射信号送入一个发射路程控移相器， 每 个发射路程控移相器与一个弹性波发射天线相连； 步骤 2: 发射路程控移相器对发射信号进行相位数控调节， 之后， 送 入弹性波发射天线， 弹性波发射天线发射探测信号至目标地层； 步骤 3 : 弹性波接收天线接收来自目标地层的弹性波回波， 每个弹性 波接收天线与一个接收路程控移相器相连， 接收路程控移相器与矢量 模块相连；
步骤 4: 接收路程控移相器对弹性波回波进行相位数控调节， 之后， 送入矢量模块， 在矢量模块内， 将多个弹性波回波信号的参数进行融 合， 合成地质构造对不同频率槽波信号的调制函数送入槽波分析仪进 行分析。
[权利要求 2] 根据权利要求 1所述的一种弹性波相控发射逆合成接收方法， 其特征 在于， 步骤 1中， 槽波分析仪发射的脉冲调制载波发射信号进行预加 重处理， 预加重处理为依据目标地层槽波衰减特性先验知识， 增加可 能被强衰减的频率分量的发射功率。
[权利要求 3] 根据权利要求 1所述的一种弹性波相控发射逆合成接收方法， 其特征 在于， 接收部分还包括多个低噪放大器和多个选频滤波器， 接收路程 控移相器对弹性波回波进行相位数控调节后， 弹性波回波先送入低噪 放大器处理后， 再进入选频滤波器， 自选频滤波器处理后的弹性波回 波送入矢量模块。
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