WO2020133263A1 - 鼓形齿联轴器及具有其的齿轮传动系统 - Google Patents

鼓形齿联轴器及具有其的齿轮传动系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020133263A1
WO2020133263A1 PCT/CN2018/125035 CN2018125035W WO2020133263A1 WO 2020133263 A1 WO2020133263 A1 WO 2020133263A1 CN 2018125035 W CN2018125035 W CN 2018125035W WO 2020133263 A1 WO2020133263 A1 WO 2020133263A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
drum
shaped
gear coupling
sleeve
coupling according
Prior art date
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PCT/CN2018/125035
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张勋林
赵永强
吴国庆
吴成攀
Original Assignee
中车戚墅堰机车车辆工艺研究所有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Application filed by 中车戚墅堰机车车辆工艺研究所有限公司 filed Critical 中车戚墅堰机车车辆工艺研究所有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2018/125035 priority Critical patent/WO2020133263A1/zh
Priority to AU2018454882A priority patent/AU2018454882B2/en
Publication of WO2020133263A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020133263A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D3/00—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive
    • F16D3/16—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts
    • F16D3/18—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts the coupling parts (1) having slidably-interengaging teeth
    • F16D3/185—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts the coupling parts (1) having slidably-interengaging teeth radial teeth connecting concentric inner and outer coupling parts

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of couplings, in particular, to a drum-shaped gear coupling and a gear transmission system having the same.
  • Couplings are mainly used to connect two shafts (driving shaft and driven shaft) in different mechanisms, and make them rotate together to complete the task of torque transmission. It is widely used in mechanical transmission equipment.
  • the coupling In the field of rail transportation, the coupling is a key component on the bogies of rail vehicles, and plays an important role in transmitting traction loads and compensating for the displacement deviation between the output shaft of the motor and the high-speed shaft of the gearbox.
  • the coupling In the high-speed and heavy-duty power transmission of rail transportation, the coupling must also have the functions of buffering, damping and improving dynamic performance.
  • couplings There are many types of couplings, usually according to the relative position of the two shafts connected and the change of position, it can be divided into two types: fixed couplings and movable couplings.
  • the fixed coupling is mainly used in the place where the two shafts are strictly aligned and no relative displacement occurs in the work.
  • the movable coupling is mainly used in the occasions where the two shafts are skewed or there is relative displacement in the work.
  • movable couplings are divided into rigid movable couplings and elastic movable couplings.
  • Drum-shaped gear couplings are one of the rigid movable couplings. They are used in various types of machinery such as rail transportation, ships, and mines because of their relatively large axial, radial and angular displacement compensation capabilities. It is widely used in the transmission system.
  • the drum-shaped gear coupling is mainly composed of a sleeve with internal teeth and a drum gear with external teeth.
  • the internal teeth and the external teeth mesh with each other. Since the external teeth of the drum gear are processed into a drum shape, angular displacement and axial displacement between the sleeve and the drum gear are allowed, thereby allowing the driving shaft and the driven shaft connected by the drum gear coupling to Relative displacement occurs during rotational movement.
  • one side of the drum-shaped gear coupling is connected to the output shaft (driving shaft) of the motor, and the other side of the drum-shaped gear coupling is connected to the input shaft (driven shaft) of the gear transmission box.
  • Patent CN1181469A discloses a coupling that can ensure the tightness and prolong the life of the seal when the connected two shafts are misaligned.
  • the patent mainly uses a spring on the drum gear shaft to push and slide the coupling on the drum.
  • the seal with a spherical sealing surface on the outer peripheral surface of the main gear body and the mating surface of the end cover are in close contact, thereby enhancing the sealing of the coupling, reducing the wear of the seal, and extending the life of the seal.
  • Patent CN1101899C discloses a coupling that can avoid medium exchange and wear of seals during operation.
  • the solution adopted is that at least one coupling between the coupling sleeve and each connecting member is fixed to one of the two parts.
  • the upper and axial bellows both seal the synchronous gear pair and elastically adjust the position of the coupling sleeve.
  • the invention provides a drum-shaped gear coupling and a gear transmission system with the same to solve the problem of poor sealing of the drum-shaped gear coupling in the prior art.
  • a plane perpendicular to the axial direction of the drum tooth portion and passing through the midpoint of the width of the drum tooth portion is the center plane, and the highest point of the first arc surface is located on the center plane.
  • the first curved surface is a spherical surface.
  • the surface where the tooth tip of the drum-shaped tooth portion is located is a second spherical surface, and the spherical center of the first curved surface coincides with the spherical center of the second spherical surface.
  • the sleeve body includes a first sleeve segment and a second sleeve segment connected in sequence, the extension portion is disposed around the first sleeve segment and extends toward the second sleeve segment, and the first curved surface is located on the outer periphery of the second sleeve segment Face.
  • outer peripheral surface of the second set of segments is a spherical surface, or the outer peripheral surface of the second set of segments is composed of a spherical surface and a cylindrical surface.
  • the drum-shaped gear coupling further includes: a limit structure connected to the barrel, the limit structure is used to limit the movement range of the drum gear, and the second end of the ring-shaped seal portion is provided on the limit structure.
  • the limit structure includes: a second limit portion, the second limit portion is connected to the end of the cylinder, the second limit portion is located on the side of the drum gear with an annular gap, and the second limit portion is used for In contact with the sleeve of the drum gear or the extension of the drum gear, the second end of the ring-shaped sealing portion is fixedly arranged on the second limiting portion.
  • the second limiting portion is used to abut on the sleeve body of the drum gear, and the second limiting portion has a second curved surface adapted to the first curved surface.
  • the second limiting portion includes: a first end cap, the large-diameter end of the first end cap is connected to the end of the cylinder; the limiting element is disposed at the small-diameter end of the first end cap, and the second arc-shaped surface The second end of the annular sealing part is connected to the limiting member or the first end cover.
  • the first end cover includes a ring-shaped member arranged along the radial direction of the cylinder and a cylinder-shaped member arranged along the axial direction of the cylinder, the ring-shaped member is connected to the end of the cylinder, and the cylinder-shaped member is located on the ring-shaped member On the side of the extension of the drum-shaped teeth, the stopper is connected to the inner wall of the cylindrical member.
  • the second limit portion is used to contact the extension of the drum-shaped tooth portion
  • the sleeve further includes a second end cap connected to the end of the cylinder, the second end cap is disposed along the radial direction of the cylinder, and The second end cover has a middle hole through which the sleeve body passes, and the second end cover forms a second limiting portion.
  • the second end of the ring-shaped sealing portion is connected to the second end cover through a fastener.
  • a groove is provided on the inner end surface of the second end cover, and the second end of the annular sealing portion is interference fit in the groove of the second end cover.
  • the annular sealing portion includes a skeleton, a seal, and a support, the seal and the support are respectively connected to both sides of the skeleton, wherein the support is connected to the second end cap, and the seal is in contact with the first curved surface.
  • a side of the extending portion of the drum gear facing away from the annular gap is provided with a first spherical surface
  • the limiting structure further includes: a first limiting portion, fixed in the cavity of the sleeve of the sleeve, the first limiting portion Located on the side of the extending portion facing away from the annular gap, the first limiting portion has a third spherical surface, which is adapted to the first spherical surface to limit the moving distance of the drum gear.
  • the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical body has a first step
  • the first limiting portion is a cylindrical structure
  • the outer peripheral surface of the first limiting portion has a second step
  • the second step and the first step are limited to cooperate.
  • the end surface of the first limiting portion is in contact with the end surface of the internal tooth portion.
  • the first limiting portion has a cylindrical structure, and a sealing ring is provided between the outer wall of the first limiting portion and the inner wall of the cylindrical body.
  • the drum-shaped gear coupling further includes: a collar, a part of the collar is embedded in the inner wall of the cylinder, and another part of the collar is in contact with an end surface of the first limiting portion away from the inner tooth portion.
  • the first limiting portion has a cylindrical structure, and the first limiting portion has a first through hole.
  • the cylinder body has a second through-hole, the second through-hole communicates with the first through-hole, and the drum-shaped gear coupling further includes: a plug, which is used to block the second through-hole.
  • extension portion has a third through hole, and the third through hole is used to communicate with the cavity on both sides of the extension portion.
  • the inner peripheral surface of the sleeve body of the drum gear has an oil guide groove.
  • the drum-shaped gear coupling further includes a bushing, which is disposed on the inner peripheral surface of the bushing body, and the outer peripheral surface of the bushing is in interference fit with the inner peripheral surface of the bushing body.
  • the drum-shaped gear coupling includes two sleeves, two drum-shaped gears, and two ring-shaped seals.
  • the two sleeves are connected to each other, and the two drum-shaped gears are corresponding to the two sleeves in one-to-one correspondence.
  • the annular seals correspond to the two sleeves in one-to-one correspondence.
  • the annular sealing portion includes a skeleton and a sealing member integrally vulcanized with the skeleton.
  • the skeleton is interference fit in the groove of the inner wall of the cylindrical member of the first end cover, and the sealing member is in sliding contact with the first arc surface.
  • the ring-shaped sealing portion includes a skeleton and a seal integrally vulcanized with the skeleton, the skeleton is interference fit in the groove of the second end cover, and the seal is in sliding contact with the first arc surface.
  • a gear transmission system includes the drum gear coupling provided above, and the gear transmission system further includes a transmission gear box.
  • the input shaft of the transmission gear box is coupled to the drum gear
  • the inner peripheral surface of the sleeve body of the drum gear of the shaft is an interference fit of the tapered surface.
  • the internal tooth portion is provided in the sleeve of the drum tooth coupling, and the drum tooth portion is provided on the extension portion of the drum gear, so that the drum tooth portion can cooperate with the internal tooth portion
  • the drum gear is oscillated and axially moved relative to the sleeve, and is sealed by the cooperation of the annular sealing portion and the sleeve body. Since the outer peripheral surface of the sleeve body of the drum gear has a first arc-shaped surface, when the drum gear is deflected relative to the sleeve, the circumferential direction of the annular seal portion is evenly contacted with the first arc-shaped surface of the sleeve body to seal. In this way, on the one hand, it can ensure a good sealing effect at different positions, on the other hand, the ring seal can be evenly worn, so that the sealing effect and service life of the drum tooth coupling during operation can be improved.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic structural view of a drum-shaped gear coupling in an initial position provided by Embodiment 1 of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic structural view of the drum-shaped gear coupling in FIG. 1 in an inclined position
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic structural view of the drum-shaped gear coupling of FIG. 1 in a limit position
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic structural view of the drum-shaped gear coupling in FIG. 1 at another extreme position
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic structural diagram of a drum-shaped gear coupling provided by Embodiment 2 of the present invention
  • FIG. 6 shows a schematic structural diagram of a drum-shaped gear coupling provided in Embodiment 3 of the present invention
  • FIG. 7 shows a schematic structural view of the drum gear coupling in FIG. 6 in an inclined position.
  • the first embodiment of the present invention provides a drum-shaped gear coupling, including: a sleeve 10, the sleeve 10 includes a barrel 11 and an inner circumferential surface disposed on the barrel 11 Drum gear 20, at least a portion of the drum gear 20 is provided in the cavity of the sleeve 10, the drum gear 20 includes a sleeve 21, an extension 22 and a drum tooth 23, the extension 22 from The first end of the sleeve body 21 extends toward the second end of the sleeve body 21, an annular gap 24 having an opening is formed between the extension portion 22 and the sleeve body 21, and the drum-shaped tooth portion 23 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the extension portion 22, the drum The toothed portion 23 meshes with the internal toothed portion 12, the drum gear 20 can swing and move axially relative to the sleeve 10, and the outer circumferential surface of the sleeve body 21 has a first arcuate surface 211 projecting outward; the
  • the internal tooth portion 12 is provided in the barrel 11 of the sleeve 10 of the drum tooth coupling, and the drum tooth portion 23 is provided on the extension portion 22 of the drum gear 20.
  • the cooperation of the drum-shaped tooth portion 23 and the internal tooth portion 12 causes the drum gear 20 to oscillate and move axially relative to the sleeve 10, and the seal is formed by the cooperation of the annular seal portion 50 and the sleeve body 21.
  • the internal tooth portion 12 is specifically composed of a plurality of involute straight teeth
  • the drum-shaped tooth portion 23 is composed of a plurality of drum-shaped teeth.
  • the outer peripheral surface of the sleeve body 21 of the drum gear 20 has a first arc-shaped surface 211, when the drum gear 20 is deflected relative to the sleeve 10, the circumferential direction of the annular seal portion 50 and the first arc of the sleeve body 21 Shaped surface 211 is a uniform contact seal. In this way, on the one hand, it can ensure that the drum gear coupling has a good sealing effect at different positions, on the other hand, it makes the different parts of the ring seal 50 wear relatively uniformly, which can effectively improve the drum gear coupling during operation Sealing effect and service life.
  • the plane perpendicular to the axial direction of the drum-shaped tooth portion 23 and passing through the midpoint of the width of the drum-shaped tooth portion 23 is the center plane, and the highest point of the first arc-shaped surface 211 is located on the center plane.
  • one end of the annular seal portion 50 is in contact with the circumference of the highest point of the first arcuate surface 211, so that when the drum gear 20 is deflected relative to the sleeve 10, the circumferential direction of the annular seal portion 50 and the sleeve body
  • the first curved surface 211 of 21 is always in contact, the elastic deformation is relatively less, and the sealing effect is better.
  • the first curved surface 211 may be set as a spherical surface.
  • the first arc-shaped surface 211 is set as a spherical surface, so that when the sleeve body 21 rotates, even if the position of the first arc-shaped surface 211 in contact with the ring-shaped sealing portion 50 changes, when the sleeve body 21 has no axial displacement, the ring shape The amount of elastic deformation of the sealing portion 50 will not change; when the sleeve body 21 is axially displaced, different parts of the annular sealing portion 50 that contact the spherical surface will also undergo only small uniform deformation.
  • the spherical surface in this embodiment is not a complete spherical surface, and can be understood as a partial spherical surface of a ring shape.
  • the surface of the tooth top of the drum-shaped tooth portion 23 is a second spherical surface, and the spherical center of the first curved surface 211 coincides with the spherical center of the second spherical surface.
  • the sleeve body 21 includes a first sleeve section 212 and a second sleeve section 213 connected in sequence, and the extension 22 surrounds the first sleeve section 212 and extends toward the second sleeve section 213, the first arc
  • the shape surface 211 is located on the outer peripheral surface of the second sleeve section 213.
  • the outer circumferential surface of the second sleeve section 213 is a spherical surface, or the outer circumferential surface of the second sleeve section 213 is composed of a spherical surface and a cylindrical surface.
  • the drum gear 20 is an integrally formed structure.
  • the forging is integrally formed, that is, the forged blank of the drum gear 20 is manufactured first, and then the drum gear 20 is processed after the machining of the drum tooth portion 23, or other molding manufacturing processes may be used.
  • the drum gear 20 can also be provided as a split structure.
  • the drum-shaped gear coupling further includes: a limit structure connected to the barrel 11, the limit structure is used to limit the movement range of the drum gear 20, and the second end of the ring-shaped sealing portion 50 is disposed at the limit Bit structure.
  • the limiting structure can prevent the drum gear 20 from being separated from the sleeve 10.
  • the position-limiting structure includes: a second position-limiting portion 60 connected to the end of the barrel 11, and the second position-limiting portion 60 is located on the drum gear 20 with an annular gap 24
  • the second limiting portion 60 is used to abut the sleeve 21 of the drum gear 20 or the extending portion 22 of the drum gear 20, and the second end of the annular seal portion 50 is fixedly disposed on the second limiting portion 60.
  • the second limiting portion 60 can prevent the drum gear 20 from coming out of the sleeve 10.
  • the second limiting portion 60 is used to abut on the sleeve body 21 of the drum gear 20, and the second limiting portion 60 has a second curved surface 61 adapted to the first curved surface 211.
  • the second arc-shaped surface 61 contacting the first arc-shaped surface 211, there is a larger contact area when limiting, and a good limiting effect can be achieved.
  • the first curved surface 211 is a spherical surface
  • the second curved surface 61 is also correspondingly set as a spherical surface.
  • the second limiting portion 60 includes: a first end cover 62, the large-diameter end of the first end cover 62 is connected to the end of the barrel 11; a limiting member 63 is provided on the first end cover 62 At the small-diameter end of, the second arc-shaped surface 61 is provided on the limiting member 63 or the first end cover 62, and the second end of the annular seal portion 50 is connected to the limiting member 63.
  • the limiting member 63 can be used to limit the drum gear 20, and can also axially restrain or fix the annular seal portion 50.
  • a metal material may be used for the stopper 63, and a wear-resistant non-metallic material may also be used.
  • the first end cover 62 includes an annular member provided along the radial direction of the cylindrical body 11 and a cylindrical member provided along the axial direction of the cylindrical body 11, the annular member is connected to the end of the cylindrical body 11, the cylindrical member Located on the side of the ring-shaped member facing the extension 22 of the drum-shaped tooth portion 23, the stopper 63 is connected to the inner wall of the cylindrical member.
  • a groove may be provided on the limiting member 63, and the annular sealing portion 50 includes a skeleton 51 and a seal 52 connected to the skeleton 51, wherein a part of the skeleton 51 is disposed in the groove, and the seal 52 is The first curved surface 211 contacts.
  • the annular seal portion 50 includes a skeleton 51 and a seal 52 vulcanized with the skeleton 51, and forms a large-diameter end provided with the skeleton 51 and a small-diameter end without the skeleton 51.
  • the end constitutes the second end of the annular seal portion 50, which is interference fit in the groove of the inner wall of the cylindrical member of the first end cap 62, and the small-diameter end constitutes the first end of the annular seal portion 50, sliding with the first arc surface 211 contact.
  • the side of the extension 22 of the drum gear 20 facing away from the annular gap 24 is provided with a first spherical surface 221
  • the limiting structure further includes: a first limiting portion 30, fixed to the barrel of the sleeve 10 In the cavity of 11, the first limiting portion 30 is located on the side of the extending portion 22 facing away from the annular gap 24, the first limiting portion 30 has a third spherical surface 31, and the third spherical surface 31 is adapted to the first spherical surface 221 to limit The axial movement distance of the drum gear 20.
  • the two spherical surfaces are used in the limit position, which will not affect the meshing of the drum-shaped tooth portion 23 and the internal tooth portion 12, increase the contact area of the limit area, reduce the force per unit area, and will not produce Additional torque, to avoid violent vibration at the limit limit position, reduce the wear of the limit portion in the sleeve 10 and the drum gear 20, and improve the stability and service life of the drum gear coupling during operation.
  • the spherical center of the first spherical surface 221 and the spherical center of the second spherical surface can coincide, which will further improve the stability of the drum-shaped gear coupling during operation.
  • the inner surface of the cylindrical body 11 has a first step 111
  • the first limiting portion 30 is a cylindrical structure
  • the outer surface of the first limiting portion 30 has a second step 32, a second step 32 and the first step 111 limit cooperation.
  • the first limiting portion 30 can be limited in the axial direction of the sleeve 10, so that the first limiting portion 30 can perform the axial direction of the drum gear 20 Limit.
  • a third through hole 25 may also be provided in the extension portion 22, and the third through hole 25 is used to communicate with the cavity on both sides of the extension portion 22, which facilitates gas flow. If the cavities on both sides of the extension 22 are sealed separately, the pressure in the cavity will change greatly when the extension 22 moves, which will bring the harm of unstable operation to the drum gear coupling. After the third through holes 25 are used to connect the cavities on both sides of the extension 22, the pressure in the different cavities can be balanced, thereby avoiding the risk of unstable operation of the drum gear coupling.
  • the drum gear coupling includes two sleeves 10, two drum gears 20, and two ring seals 50.
  • the two sleeves 10 are connected to each other, and the two drum gears 20 are connected to two
  • the sleeves 10 are provided in one-to-one correspondence, and the two annular sealing portions 50 are provided in one-to-one correspondence with the two sleeves 10.
  • the second limiting portion 60 is used to contact the extension portion 22 of the drum-shaped tooth portion 23, and the sleeve 10 further includes A second end cap 13 connected to the end of the cylinder 11 is disposed along the radial direction of the cylinder 11.
  • the second end cap 13 has a middle hole through which the sleeve 21 passes, and the second end cap 13 forms a ⁇ 60 ⁇ The second limit 60.
  • the sleeve 10 has the function of limiting the drum-shaped tooth portion 23, and the barrel 11 and the second limiting portion 60 form an integrated molding structure to increase the structural strength.
  • the second end of the ring-shaped sealing portion 50 is connected to the second end cap 13 through the fastener 44. This facilitates the disassembly and assembly of the annular seal portion 50 and the second end cap 13.
  • the annular sealing portion 50 includes a skeleton 51, a seal 52 and a support 53.
  • the seal 52 and the support 53 are respectively connected to both sides of the skeleton 51, wherein the support 53 is connected to the second end cover 13 ,
  • the seal 52 is in contact with the first curved surface 211.
  • the end surface of the first limiting portion 30 is in contact with the end surface of the internal tooth portion 12. By contacting the end surface of the first limiting portion 30 with the end surface of the internal tooth portion 12, the first limiting portion 30 can be limited.
  • the first limiting portion 30 has a cylindrical structure, and a sealing ring 41 is provided between the outer wall of the first limiting portion 30 and the inner wall of the cylindrical body 11.
  • the sealing ring 41 can improve the tightness of the drum gear coupling, prevent the leakage of the lubricating medium inside the drum gear coupling, and ensure the lubrication effect.
  • the lubricating medium is preferably grease.
  • the drum-shaped gear coupling further includes a collar 42, a part of the collar 42 is embedded in the inner wall of the barrel 11, and the other portion of the collar 42 is in contact with the end surface of the first limiting portion 30. In this way, the direction of the first limiting portion 30 away from the internal tooth portion 12 can be limited by the collar 42 to prevent the first limiting portion 30 from moving.
  • the first limiting portion 30 has a cylindrical structure.
  • the first limiting portion 30 has a first through hole 33.
  • the first through hole 33 is used to balance the air pressure, and can also serve as a grease inflow channel for the limiting area. Lubrication, reduce wear; the first through holes 33 can be evenly arranged in the circumferential direction, preferably more than two symmetrical. Of course, the first through hole 33 may not be provided.
  • the first limiter 30 is a cylindrical structure, and the first limiter 30 includes a limiter ring, a snap ring, and a center plate close to the inner tooth in turn, and the limiter ring and the sleeve
  • a sealing ring is arranged between the inner walls of the cylinder, one end of the clamping ring is in contact with the limit ring, and the other end is in contact with the end surface of the center plate, and a sealing ring is also arranged between the center plate and the inner wall of the sleeve of the sleeve.
  • the outer peripheral wall part of the clamping ring is embedded in the groove of the inner wall of the sleeve of the sleeve, thereby playing the role of the limit ring and the center plate.
  • the center plate is provided with a tapered face with a reduced inner diameter, which can play a role in blocking the lubricating medium.
  • the barrel 11 has a second through hole, which may or may not communicate with the first through hole 33.
  • the drum-shaped gear coupling further includes: 43.
  • the plug 43 is used to block the second through hole. In this way, the lubricating medium can be added to the inside of the cylinder 11 from the outside, and after being added, it is blocked by the plug 43.
  • the cylinder 11 may not have a second through hole, so the plug 43 may not be provided, and the lubricating oil may be directly added to the cavity of the sleeve 10 during assembly to lubricate the internal teeth and the drum-shaped teeth and other parts .
  • the sleeve 21 of the drum gear 20 has an oil guide groove 214 on the inner peripheral surface. In this way, when disassembling and assembling the motor shaft or other shaft-like components installed in the sleeve body 21, pressure oil can be input into the oil guiding groove 214 to reduce friction.
  • the drum-shaped gear coupling further includes: a bush 70 disposed on the inner peripheral surface of the sleeve body 21, and the outer peripheral surface of the bush 70 is in interference fit with the inner peripheral surface of the sleeve body 21.
  • the bushing 70 is used to mount a motor shaft or other shaft components.
  • the shaft member and the inner peripheral surface of the bush 70 have an interference fit, but the interference amount is lower than the interference between the outer peripheral surface of the bush 70 and the inner peripheral surface of the sleeve body 21. In this way, when the shaft-type component is overloaded, the shaft-type component may slide axially relative to the bushing 70 to prevent the component from being damaged and play the role of overload protection.
  • a groove is provided on the inner end surface of the second end cap 13, and the second end of the annular seal portion 50 is interference fit on the second end In the groove of the second end cover 13.
  • the ring-shaped sealing portion 50 includes a skeleton 51 and a seal 52 connected to the skeleton 51, wherein the skeleton 51 is connected to the second end cap 13, and the seal 52 is in contact with the first arc surface 211.
  • the annular seal portion 50 includes a skeleton 51 and a seal 52 integrally vulcanized with the skeleton 51, and forms a large-diameter end provided with the skeleton 51 and a small-diameter end without the skeleton 51.
  • the large-diameter end constitutes the annular seal portion
  • the second end of 50 is an interference fit in the groove of the second end cover 13, and the small-diameter end constitutes the first end of the ring-shaped sealing portion 50, and is in sliding contact with the first arc surface 211.
  • the drum-shaped tooth portion 23 can be contact-limited with the end cover, or it can be contact-limited with a suitable end surface of the large-diameter end of the ring-shaped sealing portion 50 according to space allowance and process requirements.
  • the first limiting portion 30 is not provided with a center plate, and only includes a limiting ring and a collar.
  • the inner hole wall of the limiting ring is provided with a drum gear
  • the first spherical surface 221 on the extension portion matches the third spherical surface 31.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of the drum gear coupling in FIG. 6 in an inclined position, in which the right half coupling connected to the gearbox input shaft is in an upward radial displacement state and is connected to the motor-side output shaft
  • the limiting portion of the sleeve of the left coupling half connected to the first spherical surface on the extension of the drum gear plays a limiting role and avoids violent impact.
  • the invention has achieved very obvious technical advantages.
  • the present invention adopts the sliding seal cooperation of the arc-shaped drum gear and the ring seal 50, it can ensure the uniform contact seal and the minimum elastic deformation of the seal at different deflection positions to the greatest extent.
  • the common problems of the poor sealing of the drum tooth coupling, the uneven wear of the seals and the short service life in the existing technology have long existed; at the same time, the drum gear with the arc surface and the second end cover and the ring seal 50 are used.
  • the optimized fit can ensure the sealing reliability and long life of the drum-shaped gear coupling.
  • the drum-shaped gear coupling provided by the present invention has a reliable seal, can effectively improve the sealing effect of the lubricating medium, and improve the sealing performance of the drum-shaped gear coupling; on the other hand, the present invention also uses a compact structure with an arc
  • the optimized design of the spherical drum gear and spherical limit structure can effectively eliminate the additional torque generated by the drum gear coupling during operation, and enhance the balance and stability of the coupling during operation.
  • the coupling provided by the invention has stable and reliable transmission, high displacement compensation capability, and simple and compact overall structure, which makes it easier to realize light weight and miniaturized design;
  • the structure of the drum gear with curved surface, the second end cap 13 and the ring seal 50 used in the present invention is simple, and it is easy to manufacture and replace. Therefore, the drum gear coupling provided by the present invention also has manufacturing, assembling, Obvious advantages of easy disassembly and maintenance, and low maintenance and operation costs.
  • Another embodiment of the present invention also provides a gear transmission system including the drum-shaped gear coupling provided above.
  • the gear transmission system further includes a transmission gear box.
  • the input shaft of the transmission gear box and the inner peripheral surface of the inner hole of the sleeve body 21 of the drum gear 20 of the drum gear coupling are tapered interference fits.
  • the internal tooth portion 12 is provided in the barrel 11 of the sleeve 10 of the drum tooth coupling, and the drum tooth portion 23 is provided on the extension portion 22 of the drum gear 20.
  • the cooperation of the drum-shaped tooth portion 23 and the internal tooth portion 12 causes the drum gear 20 to oscillate and move axially relative to the sleeve 10, and the seal is formed by the cooperation of the annular seal portion 50 and the sleeve body 21. Since the outer peripheral surface of the sleeve body 21 of the drum gear 20 has a first arc surface 211, when the drum gear 20 is deflected relative to the sleeve 10, the circumferential direction of the annular seal portion 50 and the first arc of the sleeve body 21 The shape surface 211 is evenly contacted for sealing.
  • the drum-shaped gear coupling provided by the present invention has a compact structure, reliable sealing, strong bearing capacity, large displacement compensation ability, high transmission stability, long life, convenient maintenance, and can be applied to various transmission mechanisms, especially suitable for use In the transmission equipment with high coupling transmission requirements and complex and changing operating conditions, it is especially suitable for the rail vehicle gear transmission system where the motor output shaft and the gearbox high-speed shaft are misaligned in various road conditions of rail transit.

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Abstract

一种鼓形齿联轴器及具有其的齿轮传动系统，鼓形齿联轴器包括：套筒(10)，所述套筒(10)包括筒体(11)和设置在所述筒体(11)的内周面上的内齿部(12)；鼓形齿轮(20)，所述鼓形齿轮(20)的至少一部分设置在所述套筒(10)的腔体内，所述鼓形齿轮(20)包括套体(21)、延伸部(22)和鼓形齿部(23)，所述延伸部(22)从所述套体(21)的第一端向所述套体(21)的第二端延伸，所述延伸部(22)和所述套体(21)之间形成具有开口的环形间隙(24)，所述鼓形齿部(23)设置在所述延伸部(22)的外周面上，所述鼓形齿部(23)与所述内齿部(12)相啮合，所述鼓形齿轮(20)可相对所述套筒(10)发生摆动和轴向移动，所述套体(21)的外周面上具有向外凸出的第一弧形面(211)；环形密封部(50)，所述环形密封部(50)套设在所述套体(21)的外周面上，且所述环形密封部(50)的第一端与所述第一弧形面(211)接触，所述环形密封部(50)的第二端与所述筒体(11)直接或间接连接。该方案能够解决鼓形齿联轴器密封性差的问题。

Description

鼓形齿联轴器及具有其的齿轮传动系统 技术领域
本发明涉及联轴器技术领域，具体而言，涉及一种鼓形齿联轴器及具有其的齿轮传动系统。
背景技术
联轴器主要用来连接不同机构中的两根轴(主动轴和从动轴)，并使之共同旋转以完成扭矩传递的任务，在机械传动设备中有着非常广泛的应用。在轨道交通领域，联轴器是轨道车辆转向架上的关键部件，承担着传递牵引载荷及补偿电机输出轴和齿轮箱高速轴之间位移偏差的重要作用。在轨道交通高速重载的动力传动中，联轴器还必须要具备缓冲、减振和提高动态性能的作用。
联轴器的种类非常多，通常按照被连接两轴的相对位置和位置的变动情况，可以分为固定式联轴器和可移式联轴器两类。固定式联轴器主要用于两轴要求严格对中并在工作中不发生相对位移的地方。可移式联轴器主要用于两轴有偏斜或在工作中有相对位移的场合。根据补偿位移的方法，可移式联轴器分为刚性可移式联轴器和弹性可移式联轴器。鼓形齿联轴器属于刚性可移式联轴器中的其中一种，因其具有相对较大的轴向、径向位移和角位移补偿能力而在轨道交通、船舶、矿山等各类机械传动系统中得以广泛的使用。
鼓形齿联轴器主要由带有内齿的套筒、带有外齿的鼓形齿轮构成，内齿和外齿相互啮合。由于鼓形齿轮的外齿被加工成鼓形，因此允许套筒和鼓形齿轮之间发生角向位移和轴向位移，从而允许通过鼓形齿联轴器连接的主动轴和从动轴在旋转运动中发生相对位移。
通常鼓形齿联轴器的一侧与电机的输出轴(主动轴)相连，鼓形齿联轴器的另一侧与齿轮传动箱的输入轴(从动轴)连接。
由于鼓形齿联轴器在运行过程中所连接的两轴会产生相对位移，内外齿的齿面周期性作轴向的相对滑动，必然会形成齿面磨损和功率损耗。为减少轮齿的磨损和相对移动的摩擦阻力，联轴器需要在良好的润滑和密封的状态下工作。
专利CN1181469A公开了一种能够在连接的两轴轴心错位时能确保密封性及延长密封件寿命的联轴器，该专利主要利用设置在鼓形齿轮轴体上的弹簧推压滑动设置在鼓形齿轮主体外周面上的具有球面状密封面的密封件和端盖的适配面实现紧密接触，从而增强联轴器的密封性，并减少密封件的磨损，延长了密封件的寿命。
专利CN1101899C公开了一种能够避免介质交换和在运转时避免密封件磨损的联轴器，其采用的方案是在联轴器套筒和各连接件之间至少设置一个固定在两个零件之一上的、沿轴向的波纹管，该波纹管既密封了同步齿轮副，又能弹性地调整联轴器套筒的位置。
以上专利或其他现有技术中，鼓形齿联轴器的鼓形齿轮在相对套筒发生偏转时，密封件与鼓形齿轮的密封不严密，密封件的不同部位磨损不均匀，较大地影响了联轴器的密封效果以及使用寿命。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种鼓形齿联轴器及具有其的齿轮传动系统，以解决现有技术中的鼓形齿联轴器密封性差的问题。
为了解决上述问题，根据本发明的一个方面，本发明提供了一种鼓形齿联轴器，包括：套筒，套筒包括筒体和设置在筒体的内周面上的内齿部；鼓形齿轮，鼓形齿轮的至少一部分设置在套筒的腔体内，鼓形齿轮包括套体、延伸部和鼓形齿部，延伸部从套体的第一端向套体的第二端延伸，延伸部和套体之间形成具有开口的环形间隙，鼓形齿部设置在延伸部的外周面上，鼓形齿部与内齿部相啮合，鼓形齿轮可相对套筒发生摆动和轴向移动，套体的外周面上具有向外凸出的第一弧形面；环形密封部，环形密封部套设在套体的外周面上，且环形密封部的第一端与第一弧形面接触，环形密封部的第二端与筒体直接或间接连接。
进一步地，垂直于鼓形齿部的轴向且通过鼓形齿部的宽度的中点的平面为中心平面，第一弧形面的最高点位于中心平面上。
进一步地，第一弧形面为球面。
进一步地，鼓形齿部的齿顶所在的面为第二球面，第一弧形面的球心与第二球面的球心重合。
进一步地，套体包括顺次连接的第一套段和第二套段，延伸部环绕设置在第一套段上且向第二套段延伸，第一弧形面位于第二套段的外周面上。
进一步地，第二套段的外周面为球面，或第二套段的外周面由球面和圆柱面组成。
进一步地，鼓形齿联轴器还包括：限位结构，与筒体连接，限位结构用于限制鼓形齿轮的移动范围，环形密封部的第二端设置在限位结构上。
进一步地，限位结构包括：第二限位部，第二限位部与筒体的端部连接，第二限位部位于鼓形齿轮具有环形间隙的一侧，第二限位部用于与鼓形齿轮的套体或鼓形齿轮的延伸部抵接，环形密封部的第二端固定设置在第二限位部上。
进一步地，第二限位部用于与鼓形齿轮的套体抵接，第二限位部具有与第一弧形面相适配的第二弧形面。
进一步地，第二限位部包括：第一端盖，第一端盖的大径端与筒体的端部连接；限位件，设置在第一端盖的小径端，第二弧形面设置在限位件上，环形密封部的第二端与限位件或第一端盖连接。
进一步地，第一端盖包括沿筒体的径向设置的环状件和沿筒体的轴向设置的筒状件，环状件与筒体的端部连接，筒状件位于环状件的朝向鼓形齿部的延伸部的一侧，限位件与筒状件的内壁连接。
进一步地，第二限位部用于与鼓形齿部的延伸部抵接，套筒还包括与筒体的端部连接的第二端盖，第二端盖沿筒体径向设置，第二端盖具有让套体穿过的中孔，第二端盖形成第二限位部。
进一步地，环形密封部的第二端通过紧固件与第二端盖连接。
进一步地，第二端盖的内端面上设置有凹槽，环形密封部的第二端过盈配合在第二端盖的凹槽内。
进一步地，环形密封部包括骨架、密封件以及支撑件，密封件和支撑件分别与骨架的两侧连接，其中，支撑件与第二端盖连接，密封件与第一弧形面接触。
进一步地，鼓形齿轮的延伸部的背离环形间隙的一侧设置有第一球面，限位结构还包括：第一限位部，固定在套筒的筒体的腔体内，第一限位部位于延伸部的背离环形间隙的一侧，第一限位部具有第三球面，第三球面与第一球面相适配以限制鼓形齿轮的移动距离。
进一步地，筒体的内周面上具有第一台阶，第一限位部为筒状结构，第一限位部的外周面上具有第二台阶，第二台阶与第一台阶限位配合。
进一步地，第一限位部的端面与内齿部的端面抵接。
进一步地，第一限位部为筒状结构，第一限位部的外壁与筒体的内壁之间具有密封圈。
进一步地，鼓形齿联轴器还包括：卡圈，卡圈的一部分嵌入筒体的内壁中，卡圈的另一部分与第一限位部的远离内齿部的端面抵接。
进一步地，第一限位部为筒状结构，第一限位部具有第一通孔。
进一步地，筒体上具有第二通孔，第二通孔与第一通孔连通，鼓形齿联轴器还包括：堵塞，堵塞用于封堵第二通孔。
进一步地，延伸部上具有第三通孔，第三通孔用于连通延伸部两侧的腔体。
进一步地，鼓形齿轮的套体的内周面上具有导油槽。
进一步地，鼓形齿联轴器还包括：衬套，设置在套体的内周面上，衬套的外周面与套体的内周面过盈配合。
进一步地，鼓形齿联轴器包括两个套筒、两个鼓形齿轮和两个环形密封部，两个套筒相互连接，两个鼓形齿轮与两个套筒一一对应设置，两个环形密封部与两个套筒一一对应设置。
进一步地，环形密封部包括骨架和与骨架硫化为一体的密封件，骨架过盈配合在第一端盖的筒状件的内壁的凹槽内，密封件与第一弧形面滑动接触。
进一步地，环形密封部包括骨架和与骨架硫化为一体的密封件，骨架过盈配合在第二端盖的凹槽内，密封件与第一弧形面滑动接触。
根据本发明的另一方面，提供了一种齿轮传动系统，齿轮传动系统包括上述提供的鼓形齿联轴器，齿轮传动系统还包括传动齿轮箱，传动齿轮箱的输入轴与鼓形齿联轴器的鼓形齿轮的套体的内周面为锥面过盈配合。
应用本发明的技术方案，在鼓形齿联轴器的套筒内设置内齿部，在鼓形齿轮的延伸部上设置鼓形齿部，这样可通过鼓形齿部与内齿部的配合使鼓形齿轮相对套筒发生摆动和轴向移动，通过环形密封部与套体的配合进行密封。由于鼓形齿轮的套体的外周面上具有第一弧形面，这样鼓形齿轮在相对套筒发生偏转时，环形密封部的周向与套体的第一弧形面均匀接触进行密封。这样一方面可以保证在不同位置均有较好的密封效果，另一方面使得环形密封部磨损均匀，从而可以提高鼓形齿联轴器在运行时的密封效果以及使用寿命。
附图说明
构成本申请的一部分的说明书附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解，本发明的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本发明，并不构成对本发明的不当限定。在附图中：
图1示出了本发明的实施例一提供的鼓形齿联轴器处于初始位置的结构示意图；
图2示出了图1中的鼓形齿联轴器处于倾斜位置的结构示意图；
图3示出了图1中的鼓形齿联轴器处于一个极限位置的结构示意图；
图4示出了图1中的鼓形齿联轴器处于另一个极限位置的结构示意图；
图5示出了本发明的实施例二提供的鼓形齿联轴器的结构示意图；
图6示出了本发明的实施例三提供的鼓形齿联轴器的结构示意图；
图7示出了图6中的鼓形齿联轴器处于倾斜位置的结构示意图。
其中，上述附图包括以下附图标记：
10、套筒；11、筒体；111、第一台阶；12、内齿部；13、第二端盖；20、鼓形齿轮；21、套体；211、第一弧形面；212、第一套段；213、第二套段；214、导油槽；22、延伸部；221、第一球面；23、鼓形齿部；24、环形间隙；25、第三通孔；30、第一限位部；31、第三球面；32、第二台阶；33、第一通孔；41、密封圈；42、卡圈；43、堵塞；44、紧固件；50、环形密封部；51、骨架；52、密封件；53、支撑件；60、第二限位部；61、第二弧形面；62、第一端盖；63、限位件；70、衬套。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。以下对至少一个示例性实施例的描述实际上仅仅是说明性的，决不作为对本发明及其应用或使用的任何限制。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
如图1至图4所示，本发明的实施例一提供了一种鼓形齿联轴器，包括：套筒10，套筒10包括筒体11和设置在筒体11的内周面上的内齿部12；鼓形齿轮20，鼓形齿轮20的至少一部分设置在套筒10的腔体内，鼓形齿轮20包括套体21、延伸部22和鼓形齿部23，延伸部22从套体21的第一端向套体21的第二端延伸，延伸部22和套体21之间形成具有开口的环形间隙24，鼓形齿部23设置在延伸部22的外周面上，鼓形齿部23与内齿部12相啮合，鼓形齿轮20可相对套筒10发生摆动和轴向移动，套体21的外周面上具有向外凸出的第一弧形面211；环形密封部50，环形密封部50套设在套体21的外周面上，且环形密封部50的第一端与第一弧形面211接触，环形密封部50的第二端与筒体11直接或间接连接。
应用本实施例的技术方案，在鼓形齿联轴器的套筒10的筒体11内设置内齿部12，在鼓形齿轮20的延伸部22上设置鼓形齿部23，这样可通过鼓形齿部23与内齿部12的配合使鼓形齿轮20相对套筒10发生摆动和轴向移动，通过环形密封部50与套体21的配合进行密封。在本实施例中，内齿部12具体由多个渐开线直齿构成，鼓形齿部23由多个鼓形齿构成。由于鼓形齿轮20的套体21的外周面上具有第一弧形面211，当鼓形齿轮20在相对套筒10发生偏转时，环形密封部50的周向与套体21的第一弧形面211为均匀接触密封。这样一方面可以保证鼓形齿联轴器在不同位置均有较好的密封效果，另一方面使得环形密封部50的不同部位磨损相对均匀，从而可以有效提高鼓形齿联轴器在运行时的密封效果以及使用寿命。
在本实施例中，垂直于鼓形齿部23的轴向且通过鼓形齿部23的宽度的中点的平面为中心平面，第一弧形面211的最高点位于中心平面上。在初始状态，环形密封部50的一端与第一弧形面211的最高点所在的圆周接触，这样当鼓形齿轮20在相对套筒10发生偏转时，环形密封部50的周向与套体21的第一弧形面211始终处于接触状态，弹性变形量相对更少，密封效果更好。
具体地，可以将第一弧形面211设置为球面。将第一弧形面211设置为球面，这样套体21在转动时，即使与环形密封部50接触的第一弧形面211的位置会发生变化，套体21在无轴向位移时，环形密封部50的弹性变形量不会发生变化；套体21在有轴向位移时，环形密封部50的与球面接触的不同部位也只会发生较小的均匀变形。因此通过该技术方案，可以使得第一弧形面211与环形密封部50的不同接触部位都能实现良好的密封，并且环形密封部50的不同接触部位的磨损均匀，从而可以显著提高鼓形齿联轴器在运行时的密封效果以及使用寿命。本实施例中的球面并非完整的球面，可以理解为环形的部分球面。
在本实施例中，鼓形齿部23的齿顶所在的面为第二球面，第一弧形面211的球心与第二球面的球心重合。通过上述设置，鼓形齿轮20在相对套筒10发生偏转时，不会产生附加的 力矩，因此能够减少套筒10与鼓形齿轮20的磨损或振动，进一步延长鼓形齿联轴器的使用寿命。
在本实施例中，套体21包括顺次连接的第一套段212和第二套段213，延伸部22环绕设置在第一套段212上且向第二套段213延伸，第一弧形面211位于第二套段213的外周面上。具体地，第二套段213的外周面为球面，或第二套段213的外周面由球面和圆柱面组成。通过上述设置，便于鼓形齿联轴器整体几何结构及形状的合理布置，结构紧凑，并能确保鼓形齿轮20有足够的强度及便于加工检测。在本实施例中，鼓形齿轮20为一体成型结构。优选是锻造一体成型，即先制造出鼓形齿轮20的锻件毛坯，然后再进行鼓形齿部23的机加工后制得鼓形齿轮20，也可以是采用其它成型制造工艺。当然，如果需要也可以将鼓形齿轮20设置为分体结构。
在本实施例中，鼓形齿联轴器还包括：限位结构，与筒体11连接，限位结构用于限制鼓形齿轮20的移动范围，环形密封部50的第二端设置在限位结构上。通过限位结构可以防止鼓形齿轮20与套筒10脱离。
在本实施例中，限位结构包括：第二限位部60，第二限位部60与筒体11的端部连接，第二限位部60位于鼓形齿轮20具有环形间隙24的一侧，第二限位部60用于与鼓形齿轮20的套体21或鼓形齿轮20的延伸部22抵接，环形密封部50的第二端固定设置在第二限位部60上。通过第二限位部60可防止鼓形齿轮20从套筒10中脱出。
具体地，第二限位部60用于与鼓形齿轮20的套体21抵接，第二限位部60具有与第一弧形面211相适配的第二弧形面61。通过第二弧形面61与第一弧形面211接触，在限位时有较大的接触面积，可以起到良好的限位效果。若第一弧形面211为球面，第二弧形面61也相应设置为球面。
在本实施例中，第二限位部60包括：第一端盖62，第一端盖62的大径端与筒体11的端部连接；限位件63，设置在第一端盖62的小径端，第二弧形面61设置在限位件63上或第一端盖62上，环形密封部50的第二端与限位件63连接。这样限位件63既可用于对鼓形齿轮20进行限位，也可以轴向约束或固定环形密封部50。限位件63可以使用金属材料，也可以使用耐磨的非金属材料。
具体地，第一端盖62包括沿筒体11的径向设置的环状件和沿筒体11的轴向设置的筒状件，环状件与筒体11的端部连接，筒状件位于环状件的朝向鼓形齿部23的延伸部22的一侧，限位件63与筒状件的内壁连接。通过上述设置，便于第二限位部60与环形密封部50的布置，可以提高鼓形齿联轴器的紧凑性。
在本实施例中，可以在限位件63上设置凹槽，环形密封部50包括骨架51和与骨架51连接的密封件52，其中，骨架51的一部分设置在凹槽内，密封件52与第一弧形面211接触。
或者，在本实施例中，环形密封部50包括骨架51和与骨架51硫化为一体的密封件52，并形成了设有骨架51支撑的大径端和没有骨架51支撑的小径端，大径端构成环形密封部50 的第二端，过盈配合在第一端盖62筒状件的内壁的凹槽内，小径端构成环形密封部50的第一端，与第一弧形面211滑动接触。
在本实施例中，鼓形齿轮20的延伸部22的背离环形间隙24的一侧设置有第一球面221，限位结构还包括：第一限位部30，固定在套筒10的筒体11的腔体内，第一限位部30位于延伸部22的背离环形间隙24的一侧，第一限位部30具有第三球面31，第三球面31与第一球面221相适配以限制鼓形齿轮20的轴向移动距离。这样在限位时采用两个球面配合，不会影响鼓形齿部23与内齿部12的啮合，增大了限位区域的接触面积，减少了单位面积内的受力，而且不会产生附加力矩，从而避免在限位极限位置时的剧烈振动，减少套筒10内的限位部与鼓形齿轮20的磨损，提高鼓形齿联轴器在运行时的稳定性以及使用寿命。进一步地，可以将第一球面221的球心与第二球面的球心重合，会进一步提高鼓形齿联轴器在运行时的稳定性。
在本实施例中，筒体11的内周面上具有第一台阶111，第一限位部30为筒状结构，第一限位部30的外周面上具有第二台阶32，第二台阶32与第一台阶111限位配合。通过第二台阶32与第一台阶111的配合，可以在套筒10的轴向对第一限位部30进行限位，从而使第一限位部30可以对鼓形齿轮20的轴向进行限位。
在本实施例中，还可以在延伸部22上设置第三通孔25，第三通孔25用于连通延伸部22两侧的腔体，这样便于气体流动。若延伸部22两侧的腔体是分别密闭的，延伸部22在移动时，腔体内的压力会发生很大变化，这会给鼓形齿联轴器带来运转不平稳的危害。用第三通孔25将延伸部22两侧的腔体导通后，能够平衡不同腔体内的压力，从而避免给鼓形齿联轴器带来运转不平稳的风险。
在本实施例中，鼓形齿联轴器包括两个套筒10、两个鼓形齿轮20和两个环形密封部50，两个套筒10相互连接，两个鼓形齿轮20与两个套筒10一一对应设置，两个环形密封部50与两个套筒10一一对应设置。通过上述设置，可以使用一个鼓形齿联轴器连接两个轴类部件，实现力矩传递，并且可补偿两个轴类部件的相对位移。
如图5所示，在本发明的实施例二中，与上述实施例不同的是，第二限位部60用于与鼓形齿部23的延伸部22抵接，套筒10还包括与筒体11的端部连接的第二端盖13，第二端盖13沿筒体11径向设置，第二端盖13具有让套体21穿过的中孔，第二端盖13形成第二限位部60。通过上述设置，使得套筒10具有对鼓形齿部23进行限位的功能，筒体11与第二限位部60成为一体成型结构，增加结构强度。
在本实施例中，环形密封部50的第二端通过紧固件44与第二端盖13连接。这样便于环形密封部50与第二端盖13的拆装。
在本实施例中，环形密封部50包括骨架51、密封件52以及支撑件53，密封件52和支撑件53分别与骨架51的两侧连接，其中，支撑件53与第二端盖13连接，密封件52与第一弧形面211接触。通过上述设置，可提高环形密封部50的强度，提高使用寿命。
在本实施例中，第一限位部30的端面与内齿部12的端面抵接。通过第一限位部30的端面与内齿部12的端面抵接，可以对第一限位部30进行限位。
进一步地，第一限位部30为筒状结构，第一限位部30的外壁与筒体11的内壁之间具有密封圈41。通过设置密封圈41可以提高鼓形齿联轴器的密封性，防止鼓形齿联轴器内部的润滑介质漏出，保证润滑效果。所述润滑介质优选润滑脂。
在本实施例中，鼓形齿联轴器还包括：卡圈42，卡圈42的一部分嵌入筒体11的内壁中，卡圈42的另一部分与第一限位部30的端面抵接。这样可通过卡圈42对第一限位部30的远离内齿部12的方向进行限位，以防止第一限位部30移动。
进一步地，第一限位部30为筒状结构，第一限位部30具有第一通孔33，第一通孔33用于平衡气压，也可以兼作润滑脂流入通道，用于限位区域的润滑，减少磨损；第一通孔33可以周向均匀设置，最好对称设置2个以上。当然也可以不设第一通孔33。
进一步地，如图5所示，第一限位部30为筒状结构，第一限位部30依次包括靠近内齿部的限位环、卡圈和中心板，限位环与套筒的筒体内壁之间设有密封圈，卡圈的一端与限位环接触，另一端与中心板的端面接触，中心板与套筒的筒体内壁之间也设有密封圈。卡圈的外周壁部分嵌入套筒的筒体内壁的凹槽中，从而起到对限位环和中心板的作用。中心板设有内径缩小的锥面孔，可以起到阻挡润滑介质的作用。
如图5所示，筒体11上具有第二通孔，第二通孔可以与第一通孔33连通，也可以不与第一通孔33连通，鼓形齿联轴器还包括：堵塞43，堵塞43用于封堵第二通孔。这样可从外部向筒体11的内部加入润滑介质，加入后通过堵塞43进行封堵。筒体11上也可以不开设第二通孔，因而也可以不设堵塞43，润滑油也可以在装配时直接加入到套筒10的腔体内，以润滑内齿部和鼓形齿部等部位。
在本实施例中，鼓形齿轮20的套体21的内周面上具有导油槽214。这样在拆装装入套体21内的电机轴或其他轴类部件时，可在导油槽214中输入压力油，以减小摩擦。
在本实施例中，鼓形齿联轴器还包括：衬套70，设置在套体21的内周面上，衬套70的外周面与套体21的内周面过盈配合。衬套70内用于装入电机轴或其他轴类部件。轴类部件与衬套70的内周面过盈配合，但过盈量低于衬套70的外周面与套体21的内周面的过盈量。这样当轴类部件过载时，轴类部件可相对衬套70发生轴向滑动，以防止部件损坏，起到过载保护的作用。
如图6所示，在本发明的实施例三中，与实施例二不同的是，第二端盖13的内端面上设置有凹槽，环形密封部50的第二端过盈配合在第二端盖13的凹槽内。通过过盈配合的方式，可以提高环形密封部50的连接强度，同时也可以节省空间，便于拆卸和保养。
在本实施例中，环形密封部50包括骨架51和与骨架51连接的密封件52，其中，骨架51与第二端盖13连接，密封件52与第一弧形面211接触。具体地，环形密封部50包括骨架51和与骨架51硫化为一体的密封件52，并形成了设有骨架51支撑的大径端和没有骨架51 支撑的小径端，大径端构成环形密封部50的第二端，过盈配合在第二端盖13的凹槽内，小径端构成环形密封部50的第一端，与第一弧形面211滑动接触。在该实施例三中，鼓形齿部23可以与端盖接触限位，也可以根据空间允许情况及工艺要求，与环形密封部50的大径端的某一合适的端面接触限位。
另外，本发明的实施例三中，与实施例二不同的是，第一限位部30没有设置中心板，仅包括限位环和卡圈，限位环的内孔壁中设置有与鼓形齿轮延伸部上的第一球面221相适配的第三球面31。
图7为图6中的鼓形齿联轴器处于倾斜位置的结构示意图，其中与齿轮箱输入轴相连接的右侧的半联轴器处于向上的径向变位状态，与电机侧输出轴相连接的左侧的半联轴器的套筒的限位部与鼓形齿轮延伸部上的第一球面接触，起到了限位作用，并避免了剧烈的冲击。
本发明相比现有技术取得了非常明显的技术优势。一方面，由于本发明采用了具有弧形面的鼓形齿轮和环形密封部50的滑动密封配合，可以最大程度地确保不同偏转位置时的均匀的接触密封和密封件的最小弹性变形，科学解决了现有技术中长期存在的鼓形齿联轴器密封不良、密封件磨损不均匀及使用寿命短的共性难题；同时采用弧形面的鼓形齿轮与第二端盖及环形密封部50的优化配合能够确保鼓形齿联轴器的密封可靠性和长寿命。因此，本发明提供的鼓形齿联轴器密封可靠，能够有效改善润滑介质的密封效果，提高鼓形齿联轴器的密封性能；另一方面，由于本发明还采用了结构紧凑的具有弧形面的鼓形齿轮和球面限位结构等优化设计，能够有效消除鼓形齿联轴器在运行中产生的附加力矩，增强联轴器在运行过程中的平衡性和稳定性，因此，本发明提供的联轴器传动平稳可靠，位移补偿能力高，并且整体结构简单、紧凑，更容易实现轻量化和小型化设计；
同时本发明所采用的具有弧形面的鼓形齿轮、第二端盖13及环形密封部50结构简单，便于制造及更换，因此本发明提供的鼓形齿联轴器还具有制造、组装、拆卸和维护方便、维护运用成本低的明显优势。
本发明的另一实施例还提供了一种齿轮传动系统，齿轮传动系统包括上述提供的鼓形齿联轴器。具体地，齿轮传动系统还包括传动齿轮箱，传动齿轮箱的输入轴与鼓形齿联轴器的鼓形齿轮20的套体21内孔的内周面为锥面过盈配合。应用本实施例的技术方案，在鼓形齿联轴器的套筒10的筒体11内设置内齿部12，在鼓形齿轮20的延伸部22上设置鼓形齿部23，这样可通过鼓形齿部23与内齿部12的配合使鼓形齿轮20相对套筒10发生摆动和轴向移动，通过环形密封部50与套体21的配合进行密封。由于鼓形齿轮20的套体21的外周面上具有第一弧形面211，这样鼓形齿轮20在相对套筒10发生偏转时，环形密封部50的周向与套体21的第一弧形面211均匀接触进行密封。这样一方面可以保证鼓形齿联轴器在不同偏移位置均有较好的密封效果，另一方面使得环形密封部50的不同接触部位的磨损均匀，从而可以提高齿轮传动系统的可靠性。
综上，本发明提供的鼓形齿联轴器结构紧凑、密封可靠、承载能力强、位移补偿能力大、传动平稳性高、寿命长、维护方便，能够适用于各类传动机构，特别适合运用在联轴传动要 求高、运行工况复杂多变的传动设备中，尤其适用于轨道交通各种路况运行中的电机输出轴和齿轮箱高速轴不对中的轨道车辆齿轮传动系统。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (29)

  1. 一种鼓形齿联轴器，其特征在于，包括：
    套筒(10)，所述套筒(10)包括筒体(11)和设置在所述筒体(11)的内周面上的内齿部(12)；
    鼓形齿轮(20)，所述鼓形齿轮(20)的至少一部分设置在所述套筒(10)的腔体内，所述鼓形齿轮(20)包括套体(21)、延伸部(22)和鼓形齿部(23)，所述延伸部(22)从所述套体(21)的第一端向所述套体(21)的第二端延伸，所述延伸部(22)和所述套体(21)之间形成具有开口的环形间隙(24)，所述鼓形齿部(23)设置在所述延伸部(22)的外周面上，所述鼓形齿部(23)与所述内齿部(12)相啮合，所述鼓形齿轮(20)可相对所述套筒(10)发生摆动和轴向移动，所述套体(21)的外周面上具有向外凸出的第一弧形面(211)；
    环形密封部(50)，所述环形密封部(50)套设在所述套体(21)的外周面上，且所述环形密封部(50)的第一端与所述第一弧形面(211)接触，所述环形密封部(50)的第二端与所述筒体(11)直接或间接连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的鼓形齿联轴器，其特征在于，垂直于所述鼓形齿部(23)的轴向且通过所述鼓形齿部(23)的宽度的中点的平面为中心平面，所述第一弧形面(211)的最高点位于所述中心平面上。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的鼓形齿联轴器，其特征在于，所述第一弧形面(211)为球面。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的鼓形齿联轴器，其特征在于，所述鼓形齿部(23)的齿顶所在的面为第二球面，所述第一弧形面(211)的球心与所述第二球面的球心重合。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的鼓形齿联轴器，其特征在于，所述套体(21)包括顺次连接的第一套段(212)和第二套段(213)，所述延伸部(22)环绕设置在所述第一套段(212)上且向所述第二套段(213)延伸，所述第一弧形面(211)位于所述第二套段(213)的外周面上。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的鼓形齿联轴器，其特征在于，所述第二套段(213)的外周面为球面，或所述第二套段(213)的外周面由球面和圆柱面组成。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的鼓形齿联轴器，其特征在于，所述鼓形齿联轴器还包括：
    限位结构，与所述筒体(11)连接，所述限位结构用于限制所述鼓形齿轮(20)的移动范围，所述环形密封部(50)的第二端设置在所述限位结构上。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的鼓形齿联轴器，其特征在于，所述限位结构包括：
    第二限位部(60)，所述第二限位部(60)与所述筒体(11)的端部连接，所述第二限位部(60)位于所述鼓形齿轮(20)具有所述环形间隙(24)的一侧，所述第二限位部(60)用于与所述鼓形齿轮(20)的套体(21)或所述鼓形齿轮(20)的延伸部(22) 抵接，所述环形密封部(50)的第二端固定设置在所述第二限位部(60)上。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的鼓形齿联轴器，其特征在于，所述第二限位部(60)用于与所述鼓形齿轮(20)的套体(21)抵接，所述第二限位部(60)具有与所述第一弧形面(211)相适配的第二弧形面(61)。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的鼓形齿联轴器，其特征在于，所述第二限位部(60)包括：
    第一端盖(62)，所述第一端盖(62)的大径端与所述筒体(11)的端部连接；
    限位件(63)，设置在所述第一端盖(62)的小径端，所述第二弧形面(61)设置在所述限位件(63)上，所述环形密封部(50)的第二端与所述限位件(63)或所述第一端盖(62)连接。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的鼓形齿联轴器，其特征在于，所述第一端盖(62)包括沿所述筒体(11)的径向设置的环状件和沿所述筒体(11)的轴向设置的筒状件，所述环状件与所述筒体(11)的端部连接，所述筒状件位于所述环状件的朝向所述鼓形齿部(23)的延伸部(22)的一侧，所述限位件(63)与所述筒状件的内壁连接。
  12. 根据权利要求8所述的鼓形齿联轴器，其特征在于，所述第二限位部(60)用于与所述鼓形齿部(23)的延伸部(22)抵接，所述套筒(10)还包括与所述筒体(11)的端部连接的第二端盖(13)，所述第二端盖(13)沿所述筒体(11)径向设置，所述第二端盖(13)具有让所述套体(21)穿过的中孔，所述第二端盖(13)形成所述第二限位部(60)。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的鼓形齿联轴器，其特征在于，所述环形密封部(50)的第二端通过紧固件(44)与所述第二端盖(13)连接。
  14. 根据权利要求12所述的鼓形齿联轴器，其特征在于，所述第二端盖(13)的内端面上设置有凹槽，所述环形密封部(50)的第二端过盈配合在所述第二端盖(13)的凹槽内。
  15. 根据权利要求12所述的鼓形齿联轴器，其特征在于，所述环形密封部(50)包括骨架(51)、密封件(52)以及支撑件(53)，所述密封件(52)和所述支撑件(53)分别与所述骨架(51)的两侧连接，其中，所述支撑件(53)与所述第二端盖(13)连接，所述密封件(52)与所述第一弧形面(211)接触。
  16. 根据权利要求8所述的鼓形齿联轴器，其特征在于，所述鼓形齿轮(20)的延伸部(22)的背离所述环形间隙(24)的一侧设置有第一球面(221)，所述限位结构还包括：
    第一限位部(30)，固定在所述套筒(10)的筒体(11)的腔体内，所述第一限位部(30)位于所述延伸部(22)的背离所述环形间隙(24)的一侧，所述第一限位部(30)具有第三球面(31)，所述第三球面(31)与所述第一球面(221)相适配以限制所述鼓形齿轮(20)的移动距离。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的鼓形齿联轴器，其特征在于，所述筒体(11)的内周面上具有第一台阶(111)，所述第一限位部(30)为筒状结构，所述第一限位部(30)的外周面上具有第二台阶(32)，所述第二台阶(32)与所述第一台阶(111)限位配合。
  18. 根据权利要求16所述的鼓形齿联轴器，其特征在于，所述第一限位部(30)的端面与所述内齿部(12)的端面抵接。
  19. 根据权利要求16所述的鼓形齿联轴器，其特征在于，所述第一限位部(30)为筒状结构，所述第一限位部(30)的外壁与所述筒体(11)的内壁之间具有密封圈(41)。
  20. 根据权利要求18所述的鼓形齿联轴器，其特征在于，所述鼓形齿联轴器还包括：
    卡圈(42)，所述卡圈(42)的一部分嵌入所述筒体(11)的内壁中，所述卡圈(42)的另一部分与所述第一限位部(30)的远离所述内齿部(12)的端面抵接。
  21. 根据权利要求16所述的鼓形齿联轴器，其特征在于，所述第一限位部(30)为筒状结构，所述第一限位部(30)具有第一通孔(33)。
  22. 根据权利要求21所述的鼓形齿联轴器，其特征在于，所述筒体(11)上具有第二通孔，所述第二通孔与所述第一通孔(33)连通，所述鼓形齿联轴器还包括：
    堵塞(43)，所述堵塞(43)用于封堵所述第二通孔。
  23. 根据权利要求1所述的鼓形齿联轴器，其特征在于，所述延伸部(22)上具有第三通孔(25)，所述第三通孔(25)用于连通所述延伸部(22)两侧的腔体。
  24. 根据权利要求1所述的鼓形齿联轴器，其特征在于，所述鼓形齿轮(20)的套体(21)的内周面上具有导油槽(214)。
  25. 根据权利要求1所述的鼓形齿联轴器，其特征在于，所述鼓形齿联轴器还包括：
    衬套(70)，设置在所述套体(21)的内周面上，所述衬套(70)的外周面与所述套体(21)的内周面过盈配合。
  26. 根据权利要求1所述的鼓形齿联轴器，其特征在于，所述鼓形齿联轴器包括两个所述套筒(10)、两个所述鼓形齿轮(20)和两个所述环形密封部(50)，两个所述套筒(10)相互连接，两个所述鼓形齿轮(20)与两个所述套筒(10)一一对应设置，两个所述环形密封部(50)与两个所述套筒(10)一一对应设置。
  27. 根据权利要求11所述的鼓形齿联轴器，其特征在于，所述环形密封部(50)包括骨架(51)和与所述骨架(51)硫化为一体的密封件(52)，所述骨架(51)过盈配合在所述第一端盖(62)的筒状件的内壁的凹槽内，所述密封件(52)与所述第一弧形面(211)滑动接触。
  28. 根据权利要求14所述的鼓形齿联轴器，其特征在于，所述环形密封部(50)包括骨架(51)和与所述骨架(51)硫化为一体的密封件(52)，所述骨架(51)过盈配合在所述第二端盖(13)的凹槽内，所述密封件(52)与所述第一弧形面(211)滑动接触。
  29. 一种齿轮传动系统，其特征在于，所述齿轮传动系统包括权利要求1至28中任一项所述的鼓形齿联轴器，所述齿轮传动系统还包括传动齿轮箱，所述传动齿轮箱的输入轴与所述鼓形齿联轴器的鼓形齿轮(20)的套体(21)的内周面为锥面过盈配合。
PCT/CN2018/125035 2018-12-28 2018-12-28 鼓形齿联轴器及具有其的齿轮传动系统 WO2020133263A1 (zh)

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