WO2020132923A1 - Pe地膜 - Google Patents

Pe地膜 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020132923A1
WO2020132923A1 PCT/CN2018/123783 CN2018123783W WO2020132923A1 WO 2020132923 A1 WO2020132923 A1 WO 2020132923A1 CN 2018123783 W CN2018123783 W CN 2018123783W WO 2020132923 A1 WO2020132923 A1 WO 2020132923A1
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layer
mulch
density
thickness
innermost
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PCT/CN2018/123783
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English (en)
French (fr)
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林城
张坤宝
黄镇荣
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东莞正新包装制品有限公司
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Priority to PCT/CN2018/123783 priority Critical patent/WO2020132923A1/zh
Publication of WO2020132923A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020132923A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G13/00—Protecting plants
    • A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/18—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives

Definitions

  • This application relates to the technical field of PE membranes, in particular to a PE mulch membrane.
  • PE mulch has the characteristics of low thickness (10-30um), high yield, low cost, etc., and has good temperature increase and entropy retention. It can not only improve ground temperature, water retention, soil retention, fertilizer retention and fertilizer efficiency, but also destroy It has many functions, such as grass, preventing diseases and insects, preventing drought and waterlogging, suppressing salt and protecting seedlings, improving light and heat conditions near the ground, and making products sanitary and clean. For those seedlings that have just been unearthed, they have the functions of protecting roots and promoting growth. For the Three North Regions of my country, factors such as low temperature, low rainfall, drought and poor ridges, and short frost-free period have a strong pertinence and applicability.
  • the purpose of this application is to provide a PE mulch film with high solar transmittance and good temperature increasing effect.
  • the present application provides a PE mulch film including an outermost layer, a secondary outer layer, an intermediate layer, a secondary inner layer, and an innermost layer arranged in sequence, the innermost layer having an anti-drip agent, the outermost layer Of the layer, the secondary outer layer, the intermediate layer, the secondary inner layer, and the innermost layer, at least the outermost layer contains an antistatic agent.
  • the outermost layer includes 5 to 15% of antistatic agent, 85 to 95% of LLDPE and 0 to 1% of EVA.
  • EVA is ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer. Because EVA contains vinyl acetate monomer, EVA has high weather resistance, anti-fog droplets and temperature increase performance. It can be combined with antistatic agents to improve the antistatic properties of antistatic agents. To improve the light transmittance of PE film.
  • the antistatic agent is selected from quaternary ammonium salt cationic antistatic agents or nonionic antistatic agents.
  • the quaternary ammonium salt cationic antistatic agent is selected from the group consisting of hard amide propyl dimethyl- ⁇ -hydroxyethyl ammonium nitrate or (3-lauric amine propyl) trimethyl ammonium sulfate Ester salt.
  • the innermost layer includes 5 to 15% of anti-drip agent and 85 to 95% of LLDPE.
  • the anti-drip agent is selected from glycerol monooleate, glycerol monoricinoleate, sorbitan monooleate, sorbitan monopalmitate, glycerol monostearate One or more.
  • both the secondary outer layer and the secondary inner layer include PE material, the density of the PE material is 0.914 to 0.920 g/cm 3 , and the melt index is 0.8 to 1.2 g/10 min. At this density and melt index, the toughness of the secondary outer layer and secondary inner layer is better. As a tough layer, the toughness of the entire PE film can be improved.
  • the material comprises PE density 0.935 ⁇ 0.965g / cm mPE 3 a density of 0.910 ⁇ 0.930g / cm mLLDPE 3 a density of 0.948 ⁇ 0.965g / cm HDPE and a density of 0.910 to 0.930 Many kinds of g/cm 3 LLDPE.
  • the material density of the secondary outer layer and the secondary inner layer is 0.914 to 0.920 g/cm 3 .
  • the material of the intermediate layer includes HDPE with a density of 0.930 to 0.950 g/cm 3 . At this density, the tensile strength of the intermediate layer is high, and as a tensile strength layer, the strength of the PE film is increased.
  • the secondary outer layer and the intermediate layer further contain an antistatic agent and a low molecular wax.
  • the low-molecular wax helps the migration of the antistatic agent, so that the antistatic agent can slowly precipitate out to the outermost layer of the PE mulch.
  • the molecular weight of the low-molecular wax is 1000-5000.
  • the low molecular wax is polyethylene wax.
  • Polyethylene wax has good fluidity and lubricity, and polyethylene wax has good compatibility with polyethylene, and has the ability to migrate to the surface of the film. Adding polyethylene wax to the PE mulch makes it antistatic The agent can slowly precipitate the outermost layer of the PT film, that is, the outermost layer, so that the PE film can maintain the antistatic property for a longer time.
  • the content of the antistatic agent in the intermediate layer ⁇ the content of the antistatic agent in the secondary outer layer ⁇ the content of the antistatic agent in the outermost layer.
  • the content of the low-molecular wax is 0.5-2% by weight.
  • a small amount of low-molecular wax can precipitate the antistatic agent of the secondary outer layer and the middle layer to the outermost layer, and make the antistatic effect of the outermost layer stronger and maintain the antistatic effect for a longer time.
  • the thickness of the outermost layer is 1-10% of the total thickness, and the thickness of the innermost layer is 30-40% of the total thickness.
  • the consumption rate of the anti-drip agent in the innermost layer is faster, and the thickness of the innermost layer is set to 30-40% of the total thickness, which helps to extend the anti-drip time.
  • the thickness ratio of the secondary outer layer, the intermediate layer and the secondary inner layer is 1:2:1.
  • the material and thickness of the secondary outer layer and the secondary inner layer are the same, showing an absolutely symmetrical structure, and the middle is a thicker middle layer with high tensile strength, so that the PE mulch can have a better Toughness and tensile strength.
  • the outermost layer of the PE mulch provided by this application can prevent the surface of the PE mulch from adsorbing soil and increase the transmittance of the mulch, and the innermost layer can prevent the PE mulch from condensing on the surface close to the surface to form water beads and increase the overall light transmittance of the PE mulch
  • the arrangement of the secondary outer layer, the intermediate layer and the secondary inner layer can keep the PE film to maintain better tensile and toughness properties.
  • the PE mulch provided by the present application has high light transmittance and good temperature increasing effect, which is beneficial to increase yield and value of plants.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the 5-layer structure of the PE mulch of the present application.
  • mPE is metallocene polyethylene
  • mLLDPE is metallocene linear low density polyethylene
  • LLDPE is linear low density polyethylene
  • HDPE high density polyethylene
  • the PE mulch of the present application includes an outermost layer 1, a secondary outer layer 2, an intermediate layer 3, a secondary inner layer 4 and an innermost layer 5 from top to bottom.
  • the PE mulch of the present application can be prepared by the following methods, and the preparation methods include:
  • Extrusion The raw materials of the outermost layer, the secondary outer layer, the middle layer, the secondary inner layer and the innermost layer are mixed evenly according to the ratio, and then sent to the extruder of the five-layer co-extrusion film blowing unit;
  • PE mulch film is produced by one-time inflation of the five-layer co-extrusion film blowing unit;
  • the PE mulch includes the outermost layer, the secondary outer layer, the middle layer, the secondary inner layer and the innermost layer in order from top to bottom.
  • the total thickness of the PE mulch is 30um.
  • the performance parameters of each layer are as follows,
  • the outermost layer 5% hard amide propyl dimethyl- ⁇ -hydroxyethyl ammonium nitrate and 95% LLDPE, the thickness is 1% of the total thickness of the PE mulch;
  • the density of the material is 0.920g/cm 3
  • the melt index is 1.0g/10min
  • the thickness is 15% of the total thickness of the PE film
  • the material is composed of mPE with a density of 0.940g/cm 3 and a density of 0.910g/cm 3 mLLDPE composition
  • the material is HDPE with a density of 0.930g/cm 3 and the thickness is 30% of the total thickness of the PE mulch;
  • the density of the material is 0.920g/cm 3
  • the melt index is 1.0g/10min
  • the thickness is 15% of the total thickness of the PE mulch
  • the material consists of mPE with a density of 0.940g/cm 3 and a density of 0.910g/cm 3 mLLDPE composition
  • the innermost layer 5% glycerol monooleate and 95% LLDPE, the thickness is 39% of the total thickness of the PE mulch.
  • the PE mulch includes the outermost layer, the secondary outer layer, the middle layer, the secondary inner layer and the innermost layer in order from top to bottom.
  • the total thickness of the PE mulch is 30um.
  • the performance parameters of each layer are as follows,
  • the outermost layer 15% (3-lauric acid aminopropyl) trimethylammonium methyl sulfate salt and 85% LLDPE, the thickness is 10% of the total thickness of the PE mulch;
  • the density of the material is 0.920g/cm 3
  • the melt index is 1.0g/10min
  • the thickness is 15% of the total thickness of the PE mulch
  • the material consists of mPE with a density of 0.970g/cm 3 and a density of 0.910g/cm 3 mLLDPE composition
  • the material is HDPE with a density of 0.950g/cm 3 and the thickness is 30% of the total thickness of the PE mulch film;
  • the density of the material is 0.920g/cm 3
  • the melt index is 1.0g/10min
  • the thickness is 15% of the total thickness of the PE mulch
  • the material consists of mPE with a density of 0.970g/cm 3 and a density of 0.910g/cm 3 mLLDPE composition
  • the innermost layer 15% glycerol monooleate and 85% LLDPE, the thickness is 30% of the total thickness of the PE mulch.
  • the PE mulch includes the outermost layer, the secondary outer layer, the middle layer, the secondary inner layer and the innermost layer in order from top to bottom.
  • the total thickness of the PE mulch is 30um.
  • the performance parameters of each layer are as follows,
  • the outermost layer 10% hard amide propyl dimethyl- ⁇ -hydroxyethyl ammonium nitrate and 90% LLDPE, the thickness is 8% of the total thickness of the PE mulch;
  • the density of the material is 0.920g/cm 3
  • the melt index is 1.0g/10min
  • the thickness is 15% of the total thickness of the PE film
  • the material is composed of mPE with a density of 0.940g/cm 3 and a density of 0.910g/cm 3 mLLDPE composition
  • the material is HDPE with a density of 0.930g/cm 3 and the thickness is 30% of the total thickness of the PE mulch;
  • the density of the material is 0.920g/cm 3
  • the melt index is 1.0g/10min
  • the thickness is 15% of the total thickness of the PE mulch
  • the material consists of mPE with a density of 0.940g/cm 3 and a density of 0.910g/cm 3 mLLDPE composition
  • the innermost layer 10% glycerol monooleate and 90% LLDPE, the thickness is 32% of the total thickness of the PE mulch.
  • the PE mulch includes the outermost layer, the secondary outer layer, the middle layer, the secondary inner layer and the innermost layer in order from top to bottom.
  • the total thickness of the PE mulch is 30um.
  • the performance parameters of each layer are as follows,
  • the outermost layer 10% hard amide propyl dimethyl- ⁇ -hydroxyethyl ammonium nitrate, 89% LLDPE and 1% EVA, the thickness is 8% of the total thickness of the PE mulch;
  • the density of the material is 0.920g/cm 3
  • the melt index is 1.0g/10min
  • the thickness is 15% of the total thickness of the PE film
  • the material is composed of mPE with a density of 0.962g/cm 3 and a density of 0.916g/cm 3 mLLDPE composition
  • the material is HDPE with a density of 0.930g/cm 3 and the thickness is 30% of the total thickness of the PE mulch;
  • the density of the material is 0.920g/cm 3
  • the melt index is 1.0g/10min
  • the thickness is 15% of the total thickness of the PE mulch
  • the material consists of mPE with a density of 0.962g/cm 3 and a density of 0.910g/cm 3 mLLDPE composition
  • the innermost layer 10% glycerol monooleate and 90% LLDPE, the thickness is 32% of the total thickness of the PE mulch.
  • the PE mulch includes the outermost layer, the secondary outer layer, the middle layer, the secondary inner layer and the innermost layer in order from top to bottom.
  • the total thickness of the PE mulch is 30um.
  • the performance parameters of each layer are as follows,
  • the outermost layer 10% hard amide propyl dimethyl- ⁇ -hydroxyethyl ammonium nitrate and 90% LLDPE, the thickness is 8% of the total thickness of the PE mulch;
  • the density of the material is 0.920g/cm 3
  • the melt index is 1.0g/10min
  • the thickness is 15% of the total thickness of the PE film
  • the material is composed of mPE with a density of 0.940g/cm 3 and a density of 0.910g/cm 3 mLLDPE, plus 5% of hard amide propyl dimethyl- ⁇ -hydroxyethylammonium nitrate and 1% polyethylene wax
  • the material is HDPE with a density of 0.930g/cm 3 , and the thickness is 30% of the total thickness of the PE mulch, plus 2% of hard amide propyl dimethyl- ⁇ -hydroxyethyl ammonium nitrate and 0.5% Polyethylene wax
  • the density of the material is 0.920g/cm 3
  • the melt index is 1.0g/10min
  • the thickness is 15% of the total thickness of the PE mulch
  • the material consists of mPE with a density of 0.940g/cm 3 and a density of 0.910g/cm 3 mLLDPE composition
  • the innermost layer 12% glycerol monooleate and 88% LLDPE, the thickness is 32% of the total thickness of the PE mulch.
  • the PE mulch includes the outermost layer, the secondary outer layer, the middle layer, the secondary inner layer and the innermost layer from top to bottom.
  • the total thickness of the PE mulch is 20um.
  • the performance parameters of each layer are as follows.
  • the outermost layer 10% hard amide propyl dimethyl- ⁇ -hydroxyethyl ammonium nitrate, 89.5% LLDPE and 0.5% EVA, the thickness is 4% of the total thickness of the PE mulch;
  • the density of the material is 0.918g/cm 3
  • the melt index is 1.2g/10min
  • the thickness is 14% of the total thickness of the PE mulch
  • the material consists of HDPE with a density of 0.950g/cm 3 and density of 0.910g/cm 3 LLDPE composition, add 8% of hard amide propyl dimethyl- ⁇ -hydroxyethyl ammonium nitrate and 2% polyethylene wax;
  • the material is HDPE with a density of 0.940g/cm 3 , and the thickness is 28% of the total thickness of the PE mulch, plus 3% of hard amide propyl dimethyl- ⁇ -hydroxyethyl ammonium nitrate and 0.5 % Polyethylene wax;
  • the density of the material is 0.918g/cm 3
  • the melt index is 1.2g/10min
  • the thickness is 14% of the total thickness of the PE mulch
  • the material is made of HDPE with a density of 0.950g/cm 3 and the density of 0.910g/cm 3
  • the innermost layer 10% glycerol monooleate and 90% LLDPE, the thickness is 40% of the total thickness of the PE mulch.
  • the density of the material is 0.920g/cm 3
  • the melt index is 1.0g/10min
  • the thickness is 15% of the total thickness of the PE film
  • the material is composed of mPE with a density of 0.940g/cm 3 and a density of 0.910g/cm 3 mLLDPE composition
  • the material is HDPE with a density of 0.930g/cm 3 and the thickness is 30% of the total thickness of the PE mulch;
  • the density of the material is 0.920g/cm 3
  • the melt index is 1.0g/10min
  • the thickness is 15% of the total thickness of the PE mulch
  • the material consists of mPE with a density of 0.940g/cm 3 and a density of 0.910g/cm 3 mLLDPE composition.
  • the PE mulches of Examples 1 to 6 and Comparative Example 1 were prepared by the following methods:
  • Extrusion The raw materials of each layer are mixed evenly according to the ratio, and sent to the extruder of the multi-layer (the specific number of layers depends on the number of layers of each PE film) co-extrusion film blowing unit;
  • PE mulch film is produced by one-time inflation of the multi-layer co-extrusion film blowing unit, and the flow rate of each raw material melt is 1.0g/10min;
  • Cooling The cooling time is 70 seconds;
  • Temperature-increasing performance Cover the mulch in the test field, and measure the surface temperature regularly at 8 o'clock, 13 o'clock and 18 o'clock every day.
  • Insulation performance Cover the mulch in the test field, and measure the temperature of the underground 5cm every two hours from 6 o'clock to 18 o'clock, and take the average value.
  • Light transmittance The ground film is cut into test samples of the same size and tested with a thin-film light transmittance tester.
  • the light transmittances of Examples 1 to 6 are higher than that of the comparative example, indicating that the outermost layer containing the antistatic agent and the innermost layer containing the anti-drip agent are provided on the PE film to help improve the permeability of the whole film Light rate.
  • the temperature difference between 13 o'clock and 8 o'clock is greater than that of the comparative example, indicating that the temperature that can be achieved by the temperature-increasing example of the embodiment is higher than that of the comparative example, and the temperature-increasing effect is better than the comparative example.
  • the average temperature value of the test is higher than that of the comparative example, indicating that the outermost layer containing the antistatic agent and the innermost layer containing the anti-drip agent on the PE mulch are helpful to improve the insulation effect of the mulch This may be the result of the double action that the outermost layer prevents the surface of the mulch from adsorbing soil and the innermost layer prevents the mulch from forming water droplets near the surface.
  • Example 4 Compared with Example 3, Example 4 has better light transmittance, heat preservation effect and warming effect than Example 3, possibly because EVA is added to the outermost layer in Example 4 and EVA contains Vinyl acetate monomer has high weather resistance, anti-fog dripping and heat preservation performance. It can be combined with antistatic agent to improve the antistatic property of antistatic agent, and improve the transmittance, temperature increasing performance and heat preservation performance of PE film.
  • Example 5 has better light transmittance, heat preservation effect and warming effect than Example 3, which may be due to the addition of the secondary outer layer and the middle layer of the PE mulch in Example 5
  • polyethylene wax has good compatibility with polyethylene and has the ability to migrate to the surface of the film. Adding polyethylene wax to the PE mulch allows the antistatic agent to slowly precipitate out The outermost layer of the PT mulch, that is, the outermost layer, so that the PE mulch can maintain the antistatic property for a long time, and improve the light transmittance, temperature increasing performance and thermal insulation performance of the PE mulch.
  • Example 6 The transmittance, heat preservation effect, and warming effect of Example 6 are better than those of Examples 4 and 5, which may be due to the addition of EVA to the outermost layer and the addition of antistatic agents and polymer to the secondary outer layer and middle layer of the PE mulch Causes of ethylene wax.

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Abstract

一种PE地膜，包括依次设置的最外层（1）、次外层（2）、中间层（3）、次内层（4）和最内层（5），所述最内层具有防滴剂，所述最外层、所述次外层、所述中间层、所述次内层和所述最内层中至少所述最外层含有抗静电剂。所述PE地膜，最外层可以防止PE地膜表面吸附土壤，增加地膜的透光率，最内层可以防止PE地膜接近地表的一面凝结形成水珠，增加PE地膜整体的光透过率，次外层、中间层和次内层的设置可以使PE地膜保持较好的拉伸及韧性性能。

Description

PE地膜 技术领域
本申请涉及PE膜技术领域，尤其涉及一种PE地膜。
背景技术
PE地膜，具有低厚度(10～30um)、高产量、低成本等特性，且具有良好的增温，保熵性，不仅能够提高地温、保水、保土、保肥提高肥效，而且还有灭草、防病虫、防旱抗涝、抑盐保苗、改进近地面光热条件，使产品卫生清洁等多项功能。对于那些刚出土的幼苗来说，具有护根促长等作用。对于我国三北地区，低温、少雨、干旱贫脊、无霜期短等限制农业发展的因素，具有很强的针对性和适用性，对于种植二季水稻育秧及多种作物栽培上也起了作用。在全国31个省市自治区普及和应用，用于粮、棉、油、菜、瓜果、烟、糖、药、麻、茶、林等40多种农作物上，使作物普遍增产30％～50％，增值40％～60％，深受广大农民的欢迎。
目前，普通的PE地膜在使用操作过程中，表面会产生静电，使PE地膜表面易积累灰尘，从而影响地膜的透光率和增温效果。其次，由于水蒸气的凝结容易在PE地膜靠近地表面的一面结成水珠，导致阳光被反射，降低地膜的阳光透过率，影响整个地膜的使用性能。
因此，急需提供一种阳光透过率高和增温效果好的PE地膜。
申请内容
本申请的目的在于提供一种阳光透过率高和增温效果好的PE地膜。
为实现上述目的，本申请提供一种PE地膜，包括依次设置的最外层、次外层、中间层、次内层和最内层，所述最内层具有防滴剂，所述最外层、所述次外层、所述中间层、所述次内层和所述最内层中至少所述最外层含有抗静电剂。
较佳地，按重量百分数计，所述最外层包括5～15％的抗静电剂和85～95％的LLDPE和0～1％的EVA。EVA即乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物，由于EVA中含有醋酸乙烯单体，因此，EVA具有较高的耐候、防雾滴和增温性能，与抗静电剂复配，可提高抗静电剂的抗静电性，提高PE地膜的透光率。
较佳地，所述抗静电剂选自季铵盐类阳离子型抗静电剂或非离子型抗静电剂。
较佳地，所述季铵盐类阳离子型抗静电剂选自硬质酰胺丙基二甲基-β-羟乙基铵硝酸盐或(3-月桂酸胺丙基)三甲基铵硫酸甲酯盐。
较佳地，所述最内层包括5～15％的防滴剂和85～95％的LLDPE。
较佳地，所述防滴剂选自甘油单油酸酯、甘油单蓖麻醇酸酯，山梨糖醇酐单油酸酯、山梨糖醇酐单棕榈酸酯、甘油单硬脂酸酯中的一种或多种。
较佳地，所述次外层和所述次内层均包含PE材料，所述PE材料的密度为0.914～0.920g/cm 3，熔融指数为0.8～1.2g/10min。在此密度和熔融指数下，次外层和次内层的韧性较好，作为韧性层可提高整个PE地膜的韧性。
较佳地，所述PE材料包括密度为0.935～0.965g/cm 3的mPE、密度为0.910～0.930g/cm 3的mLLDPE、密度为0.948～0.965g/cm 3的HDPE和密度为0.910～0.930g/cm 3的LLDPE中的多种。通过多种PE材料的混合后，使所述次外层和所述次内层的材料密度为0.914～0.920g/cm 3。
较佳地，所述中间层的材料包括密度为0.930～0.950g/cm 3的HDPE。在此密度下，中间层的拉伸强度高，作为拉伸强度层而提高PE地膜的强度。
较佳地，所述次外层和所述中间层还包含抗静电剂和低分子蜡。低分子蜡有助于抗静电剂的迁移，使得抗静电剂能慢慢析出至PE地膜的最外层。低分子蜡的分子量为1000～5000。
较佳地，所述低分子蜡为聚乙烯蜡。
聚乙烯蜡具有很好的流动性和润滑性，且聚乙烯蜡与聚乙烯具有很好的相容性，具有能够迁移至薄膜表层的能力，将聚乙烯蜡添加到PE地膜中，使得抗静电剂能慢慢析出PT地膜的最表层，即最外层，从而使PE地膜能保持较长时间的抗静电性。
较佳地，所述中间层中抗静电剂的含量＜所述次外层中抗静电剂的含量＜所述最外层中抗静电剂的含量。
较佳地，按重量百分数计，所述低分子蜡的含量为0.5～2％。少量的低分子蜡可使次外层和中间层的抗静电剂析出至最外层，而使最外层的抗静电作用更强，且维持更长时间的抗静电作用。
较佳地，所述最外层的厚度为总厚度的1～10％，所述最内层的厚度为总厚度的30～40％。最内层中防滴剂的消耗速度较快，最内层厚度设为总厚度的30～40％，有助于延长防滴时间。
较佳地，所述次外层、所述中间层和所述次内层的厚度之比1:2:1。PE地膜中，次外层和次内层的材料和厚度都是一样的，呈绝对的对称结构，且中间为厚度较大的具有高拉伸强度的中间层，因而可使PE地膜具有较好的韧性及拉伸强度。
本申请提供的PE地膜，最外层可以防止PE地膜表面吸附土壤，增加地膜的透光率，最内层可以防止PE地膜接近地表的一面凝结形成水珠，增加PE地膜整体的光透过率，次外层、中间层和次内层的设置可以使PE地膜保持较好的拉伸及韧性性能。本申请提供的PE地膜透光率高、增温效果好，有利于植物的增产增值。
附图说明
图1为本申请的PE地膜的5层结构的示意图。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体实施方式来进一步说明本申请的技术方案，但不构成对本申请的任何限制。
首先说明一下，本申请一些物质的简写所对应的专业名称，如，mPE为茂金属聚乙烯、mLLDPE为茂金属线性低密度聚乙烯，LLDPE为线性低密度聚乙烯，HDPE为高密度聚乙烯。
如图1所示，本申请的PE地膜自上而下依次包括最外层1、次外层2、中间层3、次内层4和最内层5。
本申请的PE地膜可通过下述方法进行制备，其制备方法包括：
(1)挤出：将最外层、次外层、中间层、次内层和最内层的原料按照配比混合均匀，分别送至五层共挤吹膜机组的挤出机；
(2)吹膜：由五层共挤吹膜机组的挤出机一次吹胀制得PE地膜；
(3)冷却；
(4)牵引；
(5)卷取。
下述将通过具体实施例对于本申请的PE地膜进行详细介绍，但本申请的实施范围并不限于此。
实施例1：
PE地膜自上而下依次包括最外层、次外层、中间层、次内层和最内层，PE地膜总厚度为30um，各层的性能参数如下，
最外层：5％的硬质酰胺丙基二甲基-β-羟乙基铵硝酸盐和95％的LLDPE，厚度为PE地膜总厚度的1％；
次外层：材料的密度为0.920g/cm 3，熔融指数为1.0g/10min，厚度为PE地膜总厚度的15％，材料由密度为0.940g/cm 3的mPE和密度为0.910g/cm 3的mLLDPE组成；
中间层：材料为密度为0.930g/cm 3的HDPE，厚度为PE地膜总厚度的30％；
次内层：材料的密度为0.920g/cm 3，熔融指数为1.0g/10min，厚度为PE地膜总厚度的15％，材料由密度为0.940g/cm 3的mPE和密度为0.910g/cm 3的mLLDPE组成；
最内层：5％的甘油单油酸酯和95％的LLDPE，厚度为PE地膜总厚度的39％。
实施例2：
PE地膜自上而下依次包括最外层、次外层、中间层、次内层和最内层，PE地膜总厚度为30um，各层的性能参数如下，
最外层：15％的(3-月桂酸胺丙基)三甲基铵硫酸甲酯盐和85％的LLDPE， 厚度为PE地膜总厚度的10％；
次外层：材料的密度为0.920g/cm 3，熔融指数为1.0g/10min，厚度为PE地膜总厚度的15％，材料由密度为0.970g/cm 3的mPE和密度为0.910g/cm 3的mLLDPE组成；
中间层：材料为密度为0.950g/cm 3的HDPE，厚度为PE地膜总厚度的30％；
次内层：材料的密度为0.920g/cm 3，熔融指数为1.0g/10min，厚度为PE地膜总厚度的15％，材料由密度为0.970g/cm 3的mPE和密度为0.910g/cm 3的mLLDPE组成；
最内层：15％的甘油单油酸酯和85％的LLDPE，厚度为PE地膜总厚度的30％。
实施例3：
PE地膜自上而下依次包括最外层、次外层、中间层、次内层和最内层，PE地膜总厚度为30um，各层的性能参数如下，
最外层：10％的硬质酰胺丙基二甲基-β-羟乙基铵硝酸盐和90％的LLDPE，厚度为PE地膜总厚度的8％；
次外层：材料的密度为0.920g/cm 3，熔融指数为1.0g/10min，厚度为PE地膜总厚度的15％，材料由密度为0.940g/cm 3的mPE和密度为0.910g/cm 3的mLLDPE组成；
中间层：材料为密度为0.930g/cm 3的HDPE，厚度为PE地膜总厚度的30％；
次内层：材料的密度为0.920g/cm 3，熔融指数为1.0g/10min，厚度为PE地膜总厚度的15％，材料由密度为0.940g/cm 3的mPE和密度为0.910g/cm 3的mLLDPE组成；
最内层：10％的甘油单油酸酯和90％的LLDPE，厚度为PE地膜总厚度的32％。
实施例4：
PE地膜自上而下依次包括最外层、次外层、中间层、次内层和最内层，PE地膜总厚度为30um，各层的性能参数如下，
最外层：10％的硬质酰胺丙基二甲基-β-羟乙基铵硝酸盐、89％的LLDPE 和1％EVA，厚度为PE地膜总厚度的8％；
次外层：材料的密度为0.920g/cm 3，熔融指数为1.0g/10min，厚度为PE地膜总厚度的15％，材料由密度为0.962g/cm 3的mPE和密度为0.916g/cm 3的mLLDPE组成；
中间层：材料为密度为0.930g/cm 3的HDPE，厚度为PE地膜总厚度的30％；
次内层：材料的密度为0.920g/cm 3，熔融指数为1.0g/10min，厚度为PE地膜总厚度的15％，材料由密度为0.962g/cm 3的mPE和密度为0.910g/cm 3的mLLDPE组成；
最内层：10％的甘油单油酸酯和90％的LLDPE，厚度为PE地膜总厚度的32％。
实施例5：
PE地膜自上而下依次包括最外层、次外层、中间层、次内层和最内层，PE地膜总厚度为30um，各层的性能参数如下，
最外层：10％的硬质酰胺丙基二甲基-β-羟乙基铵硝酸盐和90％的LLDPE，厚度为PE地膜总厚度的8％；
次外层：材料的密度为0.920g/cm 3，熔融指数为1.0g/10min，厚度为PE地膜总厚度的15％，材料由密度为0.940g/cm 3的mPE和密度为0.910g/cm 3的mLLDPE组成，另外加入5％的硬质酰胺丙基二甲基-β-羟乙基铵硝酸盐和1％的聚乙烯蜡；
中间层：材料为密度为0.930g/cm 3的HDPE，厚度为PE地膜总厚度的30％，另外加入2％的硬质酰胺丙基二甲基-β-羟乙基铵硝酸盐和0.5％的聚乙烯蜡；
次内层：材料的密度为0.920g/cm 3，熔融指数为1.0g/10min，厚度为PE地膜总厚度的15％，材料由密度为0.940g/cm 3的mPE和密度为0.910g/cm 3的mLLDPE组成；
最内层：12％的甘油单油酸酯和88％的LLDPE，厚度为PE地膜总厚度的32％。
实施例6：
PE地膜自上而下依次包括最外层、次外层、中间层、次内层和最内层，PE 地膜总厚度为20um，各层的性能参数如下，
最外层：10％的硬质酰胺丙基二甲基-β-羟乙基铵硝酸盐、89.5％的LLDPE和0.5％的EVA，厚度为PE地膜总厚度的4％；
次外层：材料的密度为0.918g/cm 3，熔融指数为1.2g/10min，厚度为PE地膜总厚度的14％，材料由密度为0.950g/cm 3的HDPE和密度0.910g/cm 3的LLDPE组成，另外加入8％的硬质酰胺丙基二甲基-β-羟乙基铵硝酸盐和2％的聚乙烯蜡；
中间层：材料为密度为0.940g/cm 3的HDPE，厚度为PE地膜总厚度的28％，，另外加入3％的硬质酰胺丙基二甲基-β-羟乙基铵硝酸盐和0.5％的聚乙烯蜡；
次内层：材料的密度为0.918g/cm 3，熔融指数为1.2g/10min，厚度为PE地膜总厚度的14％，材料由密度为0.950g/cm 3的HDPE和密度0.910g/cm 3的LLDPE组成；
最内层：10％的甘油单油酸酯和90％的LLDPE，厚度为PE地膜总厚度的40％。
对比例1：
次外层：材料的密度为0.920g/cm 3，熔融指数为1.0g/10min，厚度为PE地膜总厚度的15％，材料由密度为0.940g/cm 3的mPE和密度为0.910g/cm 3的mLLDPE组成；
中间层：材料为密度为0.930g/cm 3的HDPE，厚度为PE地膜总厚度的30％；
次内层：材料的密度为0.920g/cm 3，熔融指数为1.0g/10min，厚度为PE地膜总厚度的15％，材料由密度为0.940g/cm 3的mPE和密度为0.910g/cm 3的mLLDPE组成。
实施例1～6与对比例1的PE地膜通过下述方法进行制备：
(1)挤出：将各层的原料按照配比混合均匀，分别送至多层(具体层数取决于各PE地膜的层数)共挤吹膜机组的挤出机；
(2)吹膜：由多层共挤吹膜机组的挤出机一次吹胀制得PE地膜，各原料熔体流动速率为1.0g/10min；
(3)冷却：冷却时间为70秒；
(4)牵引；
(5)卷取。
需要说明的是，实施例及对比例所有涉及的组份含量皆为重量百分数含量。将实施例1～6与对比例1制得的PE地膜进行增温性能、保温性能和透光率测试，各测试方法如下：
增温性能：在试验田覆盖地膜，每天8时、13时、18时定时测定地表温度。
保温性能：在试验田覆盖地膜，6时～18时，每个两小时测定地下5cm温度，取平均值。
透光率：将地膜裁剪成同样大小的测试样品，采用薄膜透光率测试仪进行测试。
实施例1～6与对比例1的PE地膜的增温性能、保温性能和透光率性能测试结果如下表所示。
Figure PCTCN2018123783-appb-000001
从表中可知，实施例1～6的透光率都高于对比例，说明在PE地膜设置含有抗静电剂的最外层和含有防滴剂的最内层有助于提高地膜整体的透光率。实施例1～6的增温效果测试中，其13时与8时的温度差均大于对比例，说明实施例的增温能达到的温度高于对比例，其增温效果比对比例好。实施例1～6保温效果测试中，测试的平均温度值高于对比例，说明在PE地膜设置含有抗静电剂的最外层和含有防滴剂的最内层有助于提高地膜的保温效果，这可能是最外层可 以防止地膜表面吸附土壤和最内层防止地膜靠近地表一面结成水珠的双重作用结果。
实施例4与实施例3相比，实施例4的透光率、保温效果和增温效果都好于实施例3，可能是由于实施例4中的最外层中加入了EVA，EVA中含有醋酸乙烯单体，具有较高的耐候、防雾滴和保温性能，与抗静电剂复配，可提高抗静电剂的抗静电性，提高PE地膜的透光率、增温性能和保温性能。
实施例5与实施例3相比，实施例5的透光率、保温效果和增温效果都好于实施例3，可能是由于实施例5中的PE地膜的次外层和中间层中加入了抗静电剂和聚乙烯蜡，聚乙烯蜡与聚乙烯具有很好的相容性，具有能够迁移至薄膜表层的能力，将聚乙烯蜡添加到PE地膜中，使得抗静电剂能慢慢析出PT地膜的最表层，即最外层，从而使PE地膜能保持较长时间的抗静电性，提高PE地膜的透光率、增温性能和保温性能。
实施例6的透过率、保温效果、增温效果好于实施例4和实施例5，可能是由于最外层中加入EVA且PE地膜的次外层和中间层中加入抗静电剂和聚乙烯蜡的原因。
对所公开的实施例的上述说明，使本领域专业技术人员能够实现或使用本申请。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的专业技术人员来说将是显而易见的，本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本申请的精神或范围的情况下，在其它实施例中实现。因此，本申请将不会被限制于本文所示的这些实施例，而是要符合与本文所公开的原理相一致的最宽的范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种PE地膜，包括依次设置的最外层、次外层、中间层、次内层和最内层，其特征在于，所述最内层具有防滴剂，所述最外层、所述次外层、所述中间层、所述次内层和所述最内层中至少所述最外层含有抗静电剂。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的PE地膜，其特征在于，按重量百分数计，所述最外层包括5～15％的抗静电剂、85～95％的LLDPE和0～1％的EVA。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的PE地膜，其特征在于，按重量百分数计，所述最内层包括5～15％的防滴剂和85～95％的LLDPE。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的PE地膜，其特征在于，所述次外层和所述次内层均包含PE材料，所述PE材料的密度为0.914～0.920g/cm 3，熔融指数为0.8～1.2g/10min。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的PE地膜，其特征在于，所述中间层的材料包括密度为0.930～0.950g/cm 3的HDPE。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的PE地膜，其特征在于，所述次外层和所述中间层还包含抗静电剂和低分子蜡。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的PE地膜，其特征在于，所述低分子蜡为聚乙烯蜡。
  8. 如权利要求6所述的PE地膜，其特征在于，所述中间层中抗静电剂的含量＜所述次外层中抗静电剂的含量＜所述最外层中抗静电剂的含量。
  9. 如权利要求6所述的PE地膜，其特征在于，按重量百分数计，所述低分 子蜡的含量为0.5～2％。
  10. 如权利要求1所述的PE地膜，其特征在于，所述最外层的厚度为总厚度的1～10％，所述最内层的厚度为总厚度的30～40％。
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CN204914810U (zh) * 2015-08-24 2015-12-30 出菊萍 一种新型聚乙烯薄膜
CN107304264A (zh) * 2016-04-21 2017-10-31 中国石油化工股份有限公司 一种聚乙烯组合物和聚乙烯薄膜及其制备方法
CN106240103A (zh) * 2016-07-31 2016-12-21 山东东大塑业有限公司 一种漫散射型外涂敷流滴消雾膜及其制备方法
CN109677070A (zh) * 2018-12-26 2019-04-26 东莞市正新包装制品有限公司 Pe地膜

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