WO2020125602A1 - 一种深层取水系统及其操作方法 - Google Patents

一种深层取水系统及其操作方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020125602A1
WO2020125602A1 PCT/CN2019/125832 CN2019125832W WO2020125602A1 WO 2020125602 A1 WO2020125602 A1 WO 2020125602A1 CN 2019125832 W CN2019125832 W CN 2019125832W WO 2020125602 A1 WO2020125602 A1 WO 2020125602A1
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Prior art keywords
gate
water
water intake
level
tunnel
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PCT/CN2019/125832
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
杨家修
杜帅群
李晓彬
张佳能
崔进
郑雪玉
鲍伟
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中国电建集团贵阳勘测设计研究院有限公司
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Publication of WO2020125602A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020125602A1/zh

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B7/00—Barrages or weirs; Layout, construction, methods of, or devices for, making same
    • E02B7/20—Movable barrages; Lock or dry-dock gates
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B1/00—Equipment or apparatus for, or methods of, general hydraulic engineering, e.g. protection of constructions against ice-strains
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B7/00—Barrages or weirs; Layout, construction, methods of, or devices for, making same
    • E02B7/20—Movable barrages; Lock or dry-dock gates
    • E02B7/22—Stop log dams; Emergency gates
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B8/00—Details of barrages or weirs ; Energy dissipating devices carried by lock or dry-dock gates
    • E02B8/06—Spillways; Devices for dissipation of energy, e.g. for reducing eddies also for lock or dry-dock gates

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  • the invention specifically relates to the technical field of water conservancy and hydropower engineering, in particular to a deep water intake system and an operation method thereof.
  • the high dam project brings huge energy benefits to my country's economic and social development, and the project venting technology is an important guarantee for its stable and safe operation.
  • deep water intake structures are often unable to be placed below a water depth of 80m due to the structure being subjected to huge water thrust.
  • the water intake depth and water intake are limited by the layout elevation of the water intake building, the size of the gate, the gate structure and operating mode. It has greatly affected the water intake range and water consumption of relevant industries in my country, and even needs to lay out more buildings, invest more metal equipment, time, labor, and material costs to meet the demand.
  • the present invention provides a deep water intake system and an operation method thereof.
  • the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions.
  • the present invention provides a deep water intake system, including a tunnel, along which the water flow direction within the tunnel is sequentially arranged a multi-stage 1 water intake unit with a stepwise reduction in elevation, each level water intake unit includes along the water flow direction in the tunnel according to the appropriate A plurality of water gate devices, at least one accident gate device and at least one emptying gate device arranged side by side in sequence, wherein the number of water gate devices included in the water intake units at all levels gradually increases in equidistant series,
  • the water-retaining gate device includes an inspection gate well and a working gate well arranged side by side in the channel along the water flow direction of the tunnel.
  • An inspection gate can be installed within the inspection gate well and can slide along the inspection gate well.
  • the accident gate device includes an accident gate, and an accident gate that can slide up and down along the accident gate is provided within the accident gate.
  • the tolerance of the arithmetic sequence is 1.
  • any two adjacent An overflow channel is also arranged between the water blocking gate devices, and the overflow channel is respectively communicated with the corresponding maintenance gate well and working gate well.
  • the maintenance gate, working gate and accident gate are all flat gates.
  • the evacuation gate device includes an evacuation gate chamber, and an evacuation gate is provided within the evacuation gate chamber.
  • the evacuation gate can movably conduct or cut off the tunnel below the evacuation gate chamber.
  • the emptying gate is an arc gate.
  • a pressure slope section inclined along the river flow direction from high to low is also provided.
  • an overflow gallery A is also provided between any two adjacent water blocking gate devices.
  • the two ends of A are respectively communicated with the corresponding maintenance gate well or working gate well within the water blocking gate device.
  • a gas supply pipe is further provided within the accident lock well, one end of the gas supply pipe communicates with the tunnel directly below the accident lock well, and the other end of the gas supply pipe extends in a vertical upward direction.
  • the two sides of the emptying gate chamber are also provided with air supplement holes, and the height difference of the air supplement holes relative to the top surface of the drain gate is greater than 2 meters.
  • the present invention also provides a method for operating a deep water intake system, including the following steps:
  • the deep water intake system includes an n-level water intake unit 1.
  • the number of water gate devices 3 included in each level of the water intake unit 1 gradually increases into an equidistance series, and the tolerance of the equidistance series is ⁇ d
  • the k water blocking gate devices 3 included in the i-th water intake unit 1 are sequentially numbered along the water flow direction within the tunnel 2 as: a 1 , a 2 , a 3 ,..., a k , when the above deep water intake system is carried out
  • the operation includes the following steps:
  • Step 1 In the opposite direction to the water flow in the tunnel 2, close all the drain gate devices 5 within the n-level water intake unit 1;
  • Step 2 After the upstream water level of all the evacuation gate devices 5 within the n-level water intake unit 1 reaches the corresponding preset water level height, all the water gate devices 3 with the number k within the n-level water intake unit 1 are closed at the same time ;
  • Step 3 All the water level upstream water level unit number n to be less than 1 to a k-blocking shutter 3 reaches a predetermined water level corresponding thereto, while closing the intake unit within the n stages numbered 1 all a k- 1 Water gate device 3;
  • Step 4 Repeat Step 3 until all water blocking gate devices 3 within the n-level water intake unit 1 are closed, and the water storage phase ends;
  • Step 1 Follow the water flow direction in the tunnel 2 and simultaneously open all the water gate devices 3 with the number a 1 within the n-level water intake unit 1;
  • Step Two After all water downstream of its upstream water intake stage unit number n to be less than 1 for retaining the shutter device 3 in a 1 flat, and then while turning on the n-level abstraction unit within a retaining all numbered gate of a 2 Device 3;
  • Step 3 Repeat Step 2 until all the water gate devices 3 within the n-level water intake unit 1 are numbered as a k ;
  • Step 4 After the downstream water level of all the water blocking gate devices 3 with the number k within the n-level water intake unit 1 is equal to the upstream water level, all the emptying gate devices 5 within the n-level water intake unit 1 are simultaneously opened, and from The nth-stage water intake unit 1 draws water within the downstream tunnel 2 of the empty gate device 5.
  • the maintenance gate 33 When it is necessary to overhaul the working gate 34 within the water blocking gate device 3, the maintenance gate 33 is dropped to block the tunnel 2, and the water is discharged through the flat-pressure water filling pipe 6. After the water level of the upstream and downstream of the water blocking gate device 3 is flat, the work is lifted again Overhaul the gate 34. After the overhaul, put down the working gate 34 and fill the upstream and downstream sides of the water gate device 3 through the flat-pressure water filling pipe 6. After the upstream and downstream water levels of the water gate device 3 reach the preset height, lift up Overhaul gate 33, complete overhaul;
  • the evacuation gate 52 When the evacuation gate 52 needs to be overhauled, close the accident gate 42 corresponding to it, and then lift the evacuation gate 52 for overhaul. After the overhaul, the evacuation gate 52 is lowered, and after filling the water through both ends of the water filling pipe, the accident gate device 4 After the upstream and downstream water levels are flat, lift the accident gate 42 to complete the maintenance.
  • the beneficial effect of the present invention lies in: adopting the technical solution of the present invention, for a water intake system with a water depth of more than 80m, a tunnel with a cross-section of a gate is provided at the bottom of the river channel.
  • the water pressure reduces the water pressure step by step, and the water pressure reduction effect in each high-pressure tank is balanced, which is beneficial to reduce the number of stages of the water gate device in the entire venting system, reduce the amount of construction work, reduce the difficulty of construction, and save Construction cost, further, by setting up multiple connecting pipes to connect each high-pressure tank to each other, and setting multiple valves on the connecting pipe to control, so as to maximize the maintenance of the reduction of water pressure in each high-pressure tank It is balanced, and the water pressure in each high-pressure tank can be adjusted through the opening and closing of the valve, which lays a good foundation for completely emptying the water head.
  • the last stage water gate device is used for maintenance, and it is also equipped with a corresponding gas supply pipe, which can provide gas to the water body through the gas supply pipe to avoid the occurrence of cavitation, negative pressure and other adverse situations .
  • a gas supply pipe which can provide gas to the water body through the gas supply pipe to avoid the occurrence of cavitation, negative pressure and other adverse situations .
  • the overflow corridor it is ensured that the water pressure in each high-pressure tank will not exceed the limit when the venting system is in operation, which is conducive to ensuring the safe operation of the venting system.
  • the principle of hydraulic reverse water thrust is fully utilized, and the advantages of various gate types are used to share the function of water blocking and water intake. While satisfying the functions of water blocking and water intake of buildings, it can also Arrange the building deeper in the water and get enough water to successfully solve the technical problems of deep water intake and discharge.
  • buildings with different numbers of layers can be arranged according to the water-drawing depth requirements, which flexibly meets the water-drawing requirements, and breaks through the limitation that the traditional design of single-storey buildings may not meet the water-drawing requirements.
  • This operating method meets various operating requirements under system structure operation, maintenance, emergency and other working conditions, and meets the technical requirements of existing civil engineering, gold knots, and electrical equipment.
  • This operation method uses graded gates to block water in building structure design, adopts flat pressure pipelines, flat pressure shafts and overflow corridors to balance water pressure, to achieve the operating requirements of the system under various working conditions, with extremely high safety and stability Sex.
  • the power equipment for driving the maintenance gate and the working gate is layered on the top of the corresponding maintenance gate or working gate, so that the maintenance gate and the working gate can use power relatively independently of each other, which saves power equipment
  • the layout space also reduces the engineering volume and investment and construction costs accordingly; an air-filled sump is provided below the evacuation gate chamber to ensure the balance of water pressure and air pressure in the tunnel section between the evacuation gate and the accident gate, increasing the structural stability and safety ;
  • a pressure slope section is set at the top of the pressureless tunnel section downstream of the evacuation gate chamber to reduce the water surface line, and accordingly reduce the height of the side wall of the pressureless tunnel, saving engineering cost and investment.
  • the air pressure and water pressure under various working conditions are stable, which increases the stability of the structure.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the venting system of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the water intake unit of the present invention
  • FIG 3 is a partial enlarged view of the water intake unit of the present invention.
  • 1-water intake unit 2-tunnel, 3-sluice gate device, 4-accident gate device, 5-drainage gate device, 6-flat pressure filling pipe, 7-overflow corridor A, 8-overflow Corridor B, 9-leveling shaft, 10-gas supply pipe, 11-vent, 12-dam curtain, 21-pressure slope section, 31-overhaul gate, 32-work gate, 33-access gate , 34-work gate, 35-sand barrier, 41-accident gate, 42-accident gate, 51-drain gate, 52-drain gate, 53-aeration sill.
  • each water intake unit 1 includes a plurality of water gate devices 3 arranged in parallel along the water flow direction of the tunnel 2 at an appropriate interval, at least one The accident gate device 4 and at least one emptying gate device 5, wherein, along the flow direction of the water in the tunnel 2, the number of the water blocking gate devices 3 included in the water intake units 1 at each level gradually increases in an equidistant series, and the water blocking gate device 3 Including the maintenance gate 31 and the working gate 32 arranged in parallel along the flow direction of the water flow in the tunnel 2, the maintenance gate 31 is provided with an maintenance gate 33 and a working gate 32 which can slide up and down along the maintenance gate 31 A working gate 34 that can
  • the invention provides a deep water intake system and an operation method thereof, which include several water intake units arranged in parallel along the flow direction of the water flow in the tunnel 2, a tunnel is drilled within the river bed, and all the water intake units are arranged above the tunnel , And along the water flow direction in the tunnel 2, the elevation of the arrangement of water intake units at all levels is gradually reduced, each water intake unit includes a plurality of water gate devices, at least one accident gate device arranged in parallel along the flow direction of the river at appropriate intervals At least one emptying gate device, wherein, along the water flow direction of the tunnel 2, the number of water blocking gate devices included in the water intake units at all levels gradually increases in an equidistant series, and the water blocking gate device includes the water flow direction along the tunnel 2
  • Maintenance gates and working gates arranged side by side in the river channel in sequence, there are maintenance gates within the maintenance gates that can slide up and down along the maintenance gate, and working gates within the working gates that can slide up and down along the working gate, accidents
  • the gate device includes an accident gate, and
  • the arrangement forms of the maintenance gate 33 and the working gate 34 are both in the form of rear water stop.
  • the accident gate 42 is arranged in the form of a front water stop.
  • a dam curtain 12 is also arranged between the last water blocking gate device 3 and the emptying gate device 5 within the water intake units 1 at all levels.
  • the distance between the arrangement position of the dam curtain 12 and the emptying gate device 5 is preferably 5 meters to 6 meters.
  • any two adjacent blocks A flat-pressure water-filling pipe is also arranged between the sluice gate devices, and the flat-pressure water-filling pipe communicates with the corresponding maintenance gate well and working gate well respectively.
  • the maintenance gate, working gate and accident gate are all in the shape of a flat plate.
  • the evacuation gate device includes an evacuation gate chamber, and a rotatable evacuation gate is provided within the evacuation gate chamber, and the evacuation gate can movably conduct or cut off the tunnel below the evacuation gate chamber.
  • the bottom of the tunnel 2 is also provided with an aeration sump 53, which is provided directly below the emptying gate chamber 51.
  • a sand retaining sill 35 is also provided at the bottom of the tunnel 2, along the water flow direction inside the tunnel 2, the sand retaining sump 35 is provided at the upstream entrance of the corresponding first water blocking gate device 3 within the water intake units 1 at all levels.
  • the outer surface of the drain gate has a circular arc shape.
  • a pressure slope section inclined along the channel flow direction from high to low.
  • an overflow gallery A is also provided between any two adjacent water gate devices.
  • the overflow gallery A The two ends of are connected with the corresponding maintenance gate well or working gate well within the water gate device.
  • a gas supply pipe is also provided within the accident lock well.
  • One end of the gas supply pipe communicates with the tunnel directly below the accident lock well, and the other end of the gas supply pipe extends vertically upward.
  • Air supplement holes are also provided on both sides of the discharge gate chamber, and the height difference of the air supplement holes relative to the top surface of the discharge gate is greater than 2 meters.
  • the beneficial effect of the present invention lies in: adopting the technical solution of the present invention, for a water intake system with a water depth of more than 80m, a tunnel with a cross-section of a gate is provided at the bottom of the river channel.
  • the water pressure reduces the water pressure step by step, and the water pressure reduction effect in each high-pressure tank is balanced, which is beneficial to reduce the number of stages of the water gate device in the entire venting system, reduce the amount of construction work, reduce the difficulty of construction, and save Construction cost, further, by setting up multiple connecting pipes to connect each high-pressure tank to each other, and setting multiple valves on the connecting pipe to control, so as to maximize the maintenance of the reduction of water pressure in each high-pressure tank It is balanced, and the water pressure in each high-pressure tank can be adjusted through the opening and closing of the valve, which lays a good foundation for completely emptying the water head.
  • the last stage water gate device is used for maintenance, and it is also equipped with a corresponding gas supply pipe, which can provide gas to the water body through the gas supply pipe to avoid the occurrence of cavitation, negative pressure and other adverse situations .
  • a gas supply pipe which can provide gas to the water body through the gas supply pipe to avoid the occurrence of cavitation, negative pressure and other adverse situations .
  • the overflow corridor it is ensured that the water pressure in each high-pressure tank during the operation of the venting system will not exceed the limit, which is conducive to ensuring the safe operation of the venting system.
  • This operation method uses graded gates to block water in building structure design, adopts flat pressure pipelines, flat pressure shafts and overflow corridors to balance water pressure, to achieve the operating requirements of the system under various working conditions, with extremely high safety and stability Sex.
  • the layered layout of the hoisting machine for the traditional spillway structure saves the layout space of the hoisting machine, correspondingly reduces the structure size and engineering amount and investment cost; the supplementary gas sill and supplementary gas tunnel are added behind the arc gate to ensure the arc shape
  • the water pressure and air pressure balance between the gate and the accident gate increase the structural stability and safety; the pressure slope at the top of the pressureless tunnel section and the diffusion on both sides reduce the water surface line, which correspondingly reduces the height of the side wall of the pressureless tunnel, saving engineering costs and Investment;
  • the accident gate is equipped with air supply and water filling pipes to ensure the stability of the air pressure and water pressure under various working conditions, and to increase the structural stability; the addition of comprehensive improvement measures such as traffic shafts and horizontal lock chambers, traffic
  • the tolerance of the arithmetic sequence is 1.
  • the number of water gate devices 3 included in the water intake unit 1 is about 3, along the flow direction of the water in the tunnel 2, from the second water gate device 3 to the last water gate device 3, any phase
  • a flat-pressure water-filling pipe 6 is also arranged between the adjacent two water-blocking gate devices 3, and the flat-pressure water-filling pipe 6 communicates with the corresponding maintenance gate well 31 and the working gate well 32, respectively.
  • the number of flat-pressure water-filling pipes 6 is at least two.
  • the maintenance gate 33, the work gate 34, and the accident gate 42 are all in the shape of a flat plate.
  • the evacuation gate device 5 includes an evacuation gate chamber 51, and a rotatable evacuation gate 52 is provided within the evacuation gate chamber 51.
  • the evacuation gate 52 can movably conduct or cut off the tunnel 2 below the evacuation gate chamber 51.
  • the outer surface of the evacuation gate 52 has a circular arc shape.
  • a pressure slope section 21 inclined along the channel flow direction from high to low is also provided.
  • an overflow gallery A7 is also provided between any two adjacent water blocking gate devices 3, The two ends of the overflow gallery A7 are respectively communicated with the corresponding maintenance gate well 31 or working gate well 32 within the water gate device.
  • the working gate well 32 included in the last water-retaining gate device 3 within the water intake units 1 at all levels is also connected to the flattening shaft 9 through the overflow corridor A7, along the overflow corridor A7
  • the flow direction of the tunnel 2 is inclined from high to low, and the slope is less than 3%.
  • the cross section of the tunnel 2 below the water retaining gate device 3, the accident gate device 4 or the emptying gate device 5 is rectangular, and the cross section of the portion below the remaining part of the water intake unit 1 is round or similar to the shape of the city gate cave.
  • the upstream gate 2 and the downstream tunnel 2 of the empty gate device 5 are also communicated through the overflow corridor B8.
  • the last water blocking gate device 3 within the water intake unit 1 is also communicated with the overflow gallery B8 through the flattening shaft 9.
  • a gas supply pipe 10 is further provided within the accident lock well 41, one end of the gas supply pipe 10 communicates with the tunnel 2 directly below the accident lock well 41, and the other end of the gas supply pipe 10 extends in a vertical upward direction.
  • the air evacuation chamber 51 is also provided with air supplement holes 11 on both sides, and the height difference of the air supplement holes 11 relative to the top surface of the air discharge gate 52 is greater than 2 meters.
  • the k water blocking gate devices 3 included in the i-th water intake unit 1 are sequentially numbered along the water flow direction within the tunnel 2 as: a 1 , a 2 , a 3 ,..., a k , when the above deep water intake system is carried out
  • the operation includes the following steps:
  • Step 1 In the opposite direction to the water flow in the tunnel 2, close all the drain gate devices 5 within the n-level water intake unit 1;
  • Step 2 After the upstream water level of all the evacuation gate devices 5 within the n-level water intake unit 1 reaches the corresponding preset water level height, all the water gate devices 3 with the number k within the n-level water intake unit 1 are closed at the same time ;
  • Step 3 All the water level upstream water level unit number n to be less than 1 to a k-blocking shutter 3 reaches a predetermined water level corresponding thereto, while closing the intake unit within the n stages numbered 1 all a k- 1 Water gate device 3;
  • Step 4 Repeat Step 3 until all water blocking gate devices 3 within the n-level water intake unit 1 are closed, and the water storage phase ends;
  • Step 1 Follow the water flow direction in the tunnel 2 and simultaneously open all the water gate devices 3 with the number a 1 within the n-level water intake unit 1;
  • Step Two After all water downstream of its upstream water intake stage unit number n to be less than 1 for retaining the shutter device 3 in a 1 flat, and then while turning on the n-level abstraction unit within a retaining all numbered gate of a 2 Device 3;
  • Step 3 Repeat Step 2 until all the water gate devices 3 within the n-level water intake unit 1 are numbered as a k ;
  • Step 4 After the downstream water level of all the water blocking gate devices 3 with the number k within the n-level water intake unit 1 is equal to the upstream water level, all the emptying gate devices 5 within the n-level water intake unit 1 are simultaneously opened, and from The nth-stage water intake unit 1 draws water within the downstream tunnel 2 of the empty gate device 5.
  • the inspection gate 33 is dropped to block the tunnel 2 and the water is discharged through the flat-pressure water-filling pipe 6. After the water level of the upstream and downstream of the water gate device 3 is flat, the work is lifted again Overhaul the gate 34. After the overhaul, put down the working gate 34 and fill the upstream and downstream sides of the water gate device 3 through the flat-pressure water filling pipe 6. After the upstream and downstream water levels of the water gate device 3 reach the preset height, lift up Overhaul gate 33, complete overhaul;
  • the evacuation gate 52 When the evacuation gate 52 needs to be overhauled, close the accident gate 42 corresponding to it, and then lift the evacuation gate 52 for overhaul. After the overhaul, the evacuation gate 52 is lowered, and after filling the water through both ends of the water filling pipe, the accident gate device 4 After the upstream and downstream water levels are flat, lift the accident gate 42 to complete the maintenance.

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种深层取水系统及其操作方法，深层取水系统包括沿着取水方向依次并列布置于河道两侧的若干级取水单元，通过在河道两侧山体开凿隧洞或者架设管线实现。各级取水单元布置高程逐渐降低，每级取水单元均包括并列布置的多个挡水闸门装置、至少一个事故闸门装置和至少一个排空闸门装置，其中，挡水闸门装置的数量逐级增加，挡水闸门装置包括并列布置的检修闸井和工作闸井，事故闸门装置包括事故闸井，检修闸井、工作闸井、事故闸井以内分别设置有检修闸门、工作闸门和事故闸门。采用本发明的技术方案，通过各级取水单元及其相应的闸门装置，使河道上游水头压力被逐级分担，满足了取水要求，保证了取水系统的安全稳定运行。

Description

一种深层取水系统及其操作方法 技术领域
本发明具体涉及水利水电工程技术领域，尤其涉及一种深层取水系统及其操作方法。
背景技术
高坝工程为我国经济社会发展带来巨大能源效益，工程放空技术是其稳定、安全运行的重要保障。但是，深层取水建筑物往往由于结构承受巨大水推力作用而无法布置在80m水深以下。导致取水深度及取水量受限于取水建筑物的布置高程、闸门尺寸、闸门结构形式及运行方式。极大影响了我国相关行业的取水范围及用水量，甚至需要布置更多的建筑物、投入更多的金属设备、时间、人力、物力成本来满足需求。
发明内容
为解决上述技术问题，本发明提供了一种深层取水系统及其操作方法。
本发明是通过如下技术方案予以实现的。
本发明提供了一种深层取水系统，包括隧洞，沿着所述隧洞以内水流流向，依次布置有高程逐级降低的多级1取水单元，每级取水单元均包括沿着隧洞内水流流向按照适当间距依次并列布置的多个挡水闸门装置、至少一个事故闸门装置和至少一个排空闸门装置，其中，各级取水单元以内所包含的挡水闸门装置的数量成等差数列逐渐增加，所述挡水闸门装置包括沿着隧洞内水流流向依次并列布置于河道内的检修闸井和工作闸井，检修闸井以内设置有可沿检修闸井升降滑 动的检修闸门，工作闸井以内设置有可沿工作闸井升降滑动的工作闸门，所述事故闸门装置包括事故闸井，所述事故闸井以内设置有可沿着事故闸井升降滑动的事故闸门。
所述等差数列的公差为1。
当所述取水单元以内所包含的挡水闸门装置的数量大于3时，沿着隧洞内水流流向，自第2个挡水闸门装置起至最后1个挡水闸门装置止，任意相邻两个挡水闸门装置之间还布置有溢流通道，溢流通道分别与相对应的检修闸井、工作闸井连通。
所述检修闸门、工作闸门和事故闸门均为平板闸门。
所述排空闸门装置包括排空闸室，排空闸室以内设置有排空闸门，排空闸门可活动地导通或截断排空闸室以下的隧洞。
所述排空闸门为弧形闸门。
所述排空闸室与下游隧洞连接处还设置有沿河道水流流向由高至低倾斜的压坡段。
当所述取水单元以内所包含的挡水闸门装置的数量大于2时，沿着隧洞内水流流向，任意相邻两个挡水闸门装置之间还设置有溢流廊道A，溢流廊道A的两端分别与所述挡水闸门装置以内相应的检修闸井或工作闸井连通。
所述事故闸井以内还设置有补气管，补气管的一端与所述事故闸井正下方隧洞连通，补气管的另一端沿竖直向上方向延伸。
所述排空闸室两侧还设置有补气孔，补气孔设置高度相对于所述排空闸门顶面之间的高度差大于2米。
此外，本发明还提供了一种深层取水系统的操作方法，包括以下步骤：
使用所述深层取水系统，设该深层取水系统包括n级取水单元1，各级取水单元1以内所包含的挡水闸门装置3的数量成等差数列逐渐增加，设等差数列公差为Δd，第1级取水单元1包括m个挡水闸门 装置3，则第i级取水单元1包括k个挡水闸门装置3，其中，i＝1,2,3,…,n，k值满足以下关系式：
k＝m+(i-1)Δd；
设第i级取水单元1所包括的k个挡水闸门装置3沿着隧洞2以内水流流向依次编制序号为：a 1,a 2,a 3,…,a k，当对上述深层取水系统进行操作时，包括以下步骤：
一、蓄水阶段：
步骤一：沿着与隧洞2内水流流向相反的方向，同时关闭n级取水单元1以内的所有排空闸门装置5；
步骤二：待n级取水单元1以内的所有排空闸门装置5的上游水位达到与其对应的预设水位高度后，同时关闭n级取水单元1以内的所有编号为a k的挡水闸门装置3；
步骤三：待n级取水单元1以内的所有编号为a k的挡水闸门装置3的上游水位达到与其对应的预设水位高度后，同时关闭n级取水单元1以内的所有编号为a k-1的挡水闸门装置3；
步骤四：重复步骤三，直至关闭n级取水单元1以内的所有挡水闸门装置3，蓄水阶段结束；
二、取水阶段：
步骤一：沿着隧洞2内水流流向，同时开启n级取水单元1以内的所有编号为a 1的挡水闸门装置3；
步骤二：待n级取水单元1以内的所有编号为a 1的挡水闸门装置3的下游水位与其上游水位持平后，再同时开启n级取水单元1以内的所有编号为a 2的挡水闸门装置3；
步骤三：重复步骤二，直至同时开启n级取水单元1以内的所有编号为a k所有挡水闸门装置3；
步骤四：待n级取水单元1以内的所有编号为a k的挡水闸门装置3的下游水位与其上游水位持平后，再同时开启n级取水单元1以 内的所有排空闸门装置5，并且从第n级取水单元1的排空闸门装置5下游隧洞2以内取水。
三、挡水闸门装置3的检修：
当需要对挡水闸门装置3以内的工作闸门34进行检修时，落下检修闸门33阻断隧洞2，通过平压充水管6放水，待该挡水闸门装置3上下游水位持平后，再提起工作闸门34检修，检修完毕放下工作闸门34，通过平压充水管6向该挡水闸门装置3两侧上下游充水，待该挡水闸门装置3两侧上下游水位达到预设高度后，提起检修闸门33，完成检修；
三、排空闸门52的检修：
当需要对排空闸门52进行检修时，关闭与其相对应的事故闸门42，再提起排空闸门52进行检修，检修完毕，放下排空闸门52，通过充水管两端充水后，事故闸门装置4内上下游水位持平后，提起事故闸门42，完成检修。
本发明的有益效果在于：采用本发明的技术方案，对于80m水深以上的取水系统，在河道底部设置有截面为城门洞形状的隧洞，通过设置多级挡水闸门装置，使来自于河道上游的水压逐级降低水压，并使每个高压池内对水压的降低作用保持均衡，从而有利于减少整个放空系统中挡水闸门装置的设置级数，减少施工工程量，降低施工难度，节省施工建设成本，进一步地，通过设置多条连通管，使各个高压池相互连通，并在连通管上设置多个阀门进行控制，从而尽最大可能地使每个高压池内对水压的降低作用保持均衡，并可通过阀门的开闭对每个高压池内的水压进行调整，为完全排空水头奠定了良好的基础，此外，也保证了排空闸门装置检修操作过程中的水位平衡，另外，多级挡水闸门装置中，最后一级挡水闸门装置作为检修时使用，其还配置有相应的补气管，可以通过补气管向水体内进行补气，避免产生空化、负压等不利情况。此外，通过设置溢水廊道，保证了放空系统在 运行时各个高压池内的水压不会超过限额，有利于保障放空系统安全运行。
采用本发明的技术方案，充分利用了水力学反向水推力原理,通过发挥各种闸门型式的优势分担挡水及取水功能，在满足建筑物挡水、取水的各项功能的同时，还能将建筑物布置于水下更深层，取到足够的水量，成功解决深层取水、放水的行业技术难题。本发明专利可根据取水深度要求布置不同层数的建筑物，灵活满足取水需求，突破了传统设计中布置单层建筑物不一定能满足取水需求的限制。本操作方法满足系统结构运行、检修、应急等工况下的各种操作要求，满足现有土建、金结、电气设备技术要求。本操作方法在建筑物结构设计中利用分级闸门挡水、采用平压管路、平压竖井和溢水廊道平衡水压，实现系统各个工况下的运行要求，具备极高的安全性和稳定性。进一步地，用于驱动检修闸门和工作闸门的动力设备分层地布置于相应的检修闸室或工作闸室的顶部，使检修闸门和工作闸门可彼此相对独立的使用动力，既节省了动力设备的布置空间，也相应降低了工程量和投资建设成本；排空闸室下方设置有掺气坎，保证了排空闸门和事故闸门之间隧洞段的水压气压平衡，增加了结构稳定安全性；排空闸室下游的无压洞段顶部设置压坡段，用于降低水面线，相应降低了无压洞边墙高度，节省工程量和投资；事故闸门设置相应的补气管，保证了在各种工况条件下的气压水压稳定，增加结构使用稳定性；此外，本发明提供的深层取水系统的操作方法，有效降低了建筑物结构尺寸，增加其施工运行安全性，极大增加了工程效益。
附图说明
图1是本发明放空系统的结构示意图；
图2是本发明取水单元的结构示意图；
图3是本发明取水单元的局部放大图。
图中：1-取水单元，2-隧洞，3-挡水闸门装置，4-事故闸门装置，5-排空闸门装置，6-平压充水管，7-溢流廊道A，8-溢流廊道B，9-平压竖井，10-补气管，11-排气孔，12-大坝帷幕，21-压坡段，31-检修闸井，32-工作闸井，33-检修闸门，34-工作闸门，35-拦砂坎，41-事故闸井，42-事故闸门，51-排空闸室，52-排空闸门，53-掺气坎。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图进一步描述本发明的技术方案，但要求保护的范围并不局限于所述。
本发明的一种深层取水系统及其操作方法，如图1、图2、图3所示，深层取水系统包括与水源连通的隧洞2以及沿着隧洞2内水流流向依次并列布置于隧洞2之上的若干级取水单元1，并且各级取水单元1布置高程逐渐降低，每级取水单元1均包括沿着隧洞2内水流流向按照适当间距依次并列布置的多个挡水闸门装置3、至少一个事故闸门装置4和至少一个排空闸门装置5，其中，沿着隧洞2内水流流向，各级取水单元1以内所包含的挡水闸门装置3的数量成等差数列逐渐增加，挡水闸门装置3包括沿着隧洞2内水流流向依次并列布置于河道内的检修闸井31和工作闸井32，检修闸井31以内设置有可沿检修闸井31升降滑动的检修闸门33，工作闸井32以内设置有可沿工作闸井32升降滑动的工作闸门34，事故闸门装置4包括事故闸井41，事故闸井41以内设置有可沿着事故闸井41升降滑动的事故闸门42。
本发明提供了一种深层取水系统及其操作方法，包括沿着隧洞2内水流流向依次并列布置于河道内的若干级取水单元，河道河床以内开凿有隧洞，所有取水单元均布置于隧洞之上，并且沿着隧洞2内水流流向，各级取水单元布置高程逐渐降低，每级取水单元均包括沿着 河道水流流向按照适当间距依次并列布置的多个挡水闸门装置、至少一个事故闸门装置和至少一个排空闸门装置，其中，沿着隧洞2内水流流向，各级取水单元以内所包含的挡水闸门装置的数量成等差数列逐渐增加，挡水闸门装置包括沿着隧洞2内水流流向依次并列布置于河道内的检修闸井和工作闸井，检修闸井以内设置有可沿检修闸井升降滑动的检修闸门，工作闸井以内设置有可沿工作闸井升降滑动的工作闸门，事故闸门装置包括事故闸井，事故闸井以内设置有可沿着事故闸井升降滑动的事故闸门。优选等差数列的公差为1。
进一步地，检修闸门33、工作闸门34布置形式均为后止水形式。事故闸门42布置形式均为前止水形式。沿着隧洞2内水流流向，各级取水单元1以内最后一个挡水闸门装置3与排空闸门装置5之间还布置有大坝帷幕12。优选大坝帷幕12布置位置与排空闸门装置5之间间距为5米至6米。
当取水单元以内所包含的挡水闸门装置的数量大约3时，沿着隧洞2内水流流向，自第2个挡水闸门装置起至最后1个挡水闸门装置止，任意相邻两个挡水闸门装置之间还布置有平压充水管，平压充水管分别与相对应的检修闸井、工作闸井连通。
优选检修闸门、工作闸门和事故闸门均为平板形状。排空闸门装置包括排空闸室，排空闸室以内设置有可转动的排空闸门，排空闸门可活动地导通或截断排空闸室以下的隧洞。
此外，隧洞2底部还设置有掺气坎53，掺气坎53设置于排空闸室51的正下方。隧洞2底部还设置有拦砂坎35，沿着隧洞2以内水流流向，拦砂坎35设置于各级取水单元1以内相应的第1个挡水闸门装置3的上游入口处。
优选排空闸门外表面为圆弧形状。排空闸室与下游隧洞连接处还设置有沿河道水流流向由高至低倾斜的压坡段。
当取水单元以内所包含的挡水闸门装置的数量大约2时，沿着隧洞2内水流流向，任意相邻两个挡水闸门装置之间还设置有溢流廊道A，溢流廊道A的两端分别与挡水闸门装置以内相应的检修闸井或工作闸井连通。
事故闸井以内还设置有补气管，补气管的一端与事故闸井正下方隧洞连通，补气管的另一端沿竖直向上方向延伸。
排空闸室两侧还设置有补气孔，补气孔设置高度相对于排空闸门顶面之间的高度差大于2米。
本发明的有益效果在于：采用本发明的技术方案，对于80m水深以上的取水系统，在河道底部设置有截面为城门洞形状的隧洞，通过设置多级挡水闸门装置，使来自于河道上游的水压逐级降低水压，并使每个高压池内对水压的降低作用保持均衡，从而有利于减少整个放空系统中挡水闸门装置的设置级数，减少施工工程量，降低施工难度，节省施工建设成本，进一步地，通过设置多条连通管，使各个高压池相互连通，并在连通管上设置多个阀门进行控制，从而尽最大可能地使每个高压池内对水压的降低作用保持均衡，并可通过阀门的开闭对每个高压池内的水压进行调整，为完全排空水头奠定了良好的基础，此外，也保证了排空闸门装置检修操作过程中的水位平衡，另外，多级挡水闸门装置中，最后一级挡水闸门装置作为检修时使用，其还配置有相应的补气管，可以通过补气管向水体内进行补气，避免产生空化、负压等不利情况。此外，通过设置溢水廊道，保证了放空系统在运行时各个高压池内的水压不会超过限额，有利于保障放空系统安全运行。
充分利用水力学反向水推力原理,通过发挥各种闸门型式的优势分担挡水及取水功能，在满足建筑物挡水、取水的各项功能的同时，还能将建筑物布置于水下更深层，取到足够的水量，成功解决深层取水、放水的行业技术难题。本发明专利可根据取水深度要求布置不同 层数的建筑物，灵活满足取水需求，突破了传统设计中布置单层建筑物不一定能满足取水需求的限制。本操作方法满足系统结构运行、检修、应急等工况下的各种操作要求，满足现有土建、金结、电气设备技术要求。本操作方法在建筑物结构设计中利用分级闸门挡水、采用平压管路、平压竖井和溢水廊道平衡水压，实现系统各个工况下的运行要求，具备极高的安全性和稳定性。对传统泄洪洞结构进行分层布置启闭机，节省了启闭机布置空间，相应降低了结构尺寸及工程量和投资造价；弧形闸门后增设补气坎、补气洞，保证了弧形闸门和事故闸门之间洞段的水压气压平衡，增加了结构稳定安全性；无压洞段顶部压坡、两侧扩散降低水面线，相应降低了无压洞边墙高度，节省工程量和投资；事故闸门布置补气、充水管，保证各工况下的气压水压稳定，增加结构使用稳定性；增设交通竖井和水平闸室、交通廊道等综合改进措施，极大的保障了各层结构的稳定安全性，为结构稳定有效运行提供更高保障。本操作方法有效降低了建筑物结构尺寸，增加其施工运行安全性，极大增加了工程效益。
进一步地，等差数列的公差为1。当取水单元1以内所包含的挡水闸门装置3的数量大约3时，沿着隧洞2内水流流向，自第2个挡水闸门装置3起至最后1个挡水闸门装置3止，任意相邻两个挡水闸门装置3之间还布置有平压充水管6，平压充水管6分别与相对应的检修闸井31、工作闸井32连通。平压充水管6数量至少为2条。
优选检修闸门33、工作闸门34和事故闸门42均为平板形状。排空闸门装置5包括排空闸室51，排空闸室51以内设置有可转动的排空闸门52，排空闸门52可活动地导通或截断排空闸室51以下的隧洞2。排空闸门52外表面为圆弧形状。
进一步地，排空闸室51与下游隧洞2连接处还设置有沿河道水流流向由高至低倾斜的压坡段21。
此外，当取水单元1以内所包含的挡水闸门装置3的数量大约2时，沿着隧洞2内水流流向，任意相邻两个挡水闸门装置3之间还设置有溢流廊道A7，溢流廊道A7的两端分别与挡水闸门装置以内相应的检修闸井31或工作闸井32连通。其中，沿着隧洞以内水流流向，各级取水单元1以内的最后一个挡水闸门装置3所包含的工作闸井32还通过溢流廊道A7与平压竖井9连通，溢流廊道A7沿着隧洞2内水流流向由高至低倾斜布置，其坡度小于3％。优选隧洞2位于挡水闸门装置3、事故闸门装置4或排空闸门装置5以下部分横断面为矩形，位于取水单元1其余部分以下的部分横断面为圆形或类似于城门洞的形状。
进一步地，当取水单元1以内所包含的挡水闸门装置3的数量大约1时，排空闸门装置5上游隧洞2与下游隧洞2之间还通过溢流廊道B8连通。当取水单元1以内所包含的挡水闸门装置3的数量大约3时，取水单元1以内最后一个挡水闸门装置3还通过平压竖井9与溢流廊道B8连通。
优选事故闸井41以内还设置有补气管10，补气管10的一端与事故闸井41正下方隧洞2连通，补气管10的另一端沿竖直向上方向延伸。排空闸室51两侧还设置有补气孔11，补气孔11设置高度相对于排空闸门52顶面之间的高度差大于2米。
此外，设上述深层取水系统包括n级取水单元1，各级取水单元1以内所包含的挡水闸门装置3的数量成等差数列逐渐增加，设等差数列公差为Δd，第1级取水单元1包括m个挡水闸门装置3，则第i级取水单元1包括k个挡水闸门装置3，其中，i＝1,2,3,…,n，k值满足以下关系式：
k＝m+(i-1)Δd；
设第i级取水单元1所包括的k个挡水闸门装置3沿着隧洞2以内水流流向依次编制序号为：a 1,a 2,a 3,…,a k，当对上述深层取水 系统进行操作时，包括以下步骤：
一、蓄水阶段：
步骤一：沿着与隧洞2内水流流向相反的方向，同时关闭n级取水单元1以内的所有排空闸门装置5；
步骤二：待n级取水单元1以内的所有排空闸门装置5的上游水位达到与其对应的预设水位高度后，同时关闭n级取水单元1以内的所有编号为a k的挡水闸门装置3；
步骤三：待n级取水单元1以内的所有编号为a k的挡水闸门装置3的上游水位达到与其对应的预设水位高度后，同时关闭n级取水单元1以内的所有编号为a k-1的挡水闸门装置3；
步骤四：重复步骤三，直至关闭n级取水单元1以内的所有挡水闸门装置3，蓄水阶段结束；
二、取水阶段：
步骤一：沿着隧洞2内水流流向，同时开启n级取水单元1以内的所有编号为a 1的挡水闸门装置3；
步骤二：待n级取水单元1以内的所有编号为a 1的挡水闸门装置3的下游水位与其上游水位持平后，再同时开启n级取水单元1以内的所有编号为a 2的挡水闸门装置3；
步骤三：重复步骤二，直至同时开启n级取水单元1以内的所有编号为a k所有挡水闸门装置3；
步骤四：待n级取水单元1以内的所有编号为a k的挡水闸门装置3的下游水位与其上游水位持平后，再同时开启n级取水单元1以内的所有排空闸门装置5，并且从第n级取水单元1的排空闸门装置5下游隧洞2以内取水。
三、挡水闸门装置3的检修：
当需要对挡水闸门装置3以内的工作闸门34进行检修时，落下检修闸门33阻断隧洞2，通过平压充水管6放水，待该挡水闸门装 置3上下游水位持平后，再提起工作闸门34检修，检修完毕放下工作闸门34，通过平压充水管6向该挡水闸门装置3两侧上下游充水，待该挡水闸门装置3两侧上下游水位达到预设高度后，提起检修闸门33，完成检修；
三、排空闸门52的检修：
当需要对排空闸门52进行检修时，关闭与其相对应的事故闸门42，再提起排空闸门52进行检修，检修完毕，放下排空闸门52，通过充水管两端充水后，事故闸门装置4内上下游水位持平后，提起事故闸门42，完成检修。
本申请的技术方案由中国电建集团贵阳勘测设计研究院有限公司投入实施应用，在实施中，受贵州省科技支撑计划科技项目黔科合支撑[2017]2865的资助、中国电建科研项目DJ-ZDXM-2017-05的资助，在实施后，取得了上述有益的技术效果，同时社会效益良好。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种深层取水系统，其特征在于：包括隧洞(2)，沿着所述隧洞(2)以内水流流向，布置有多级取水单元(1)，每级取水单元(1)均包括沿着隧洞(2)内水流流向按照适当间距依次并列布置的多个挡水闸门装置(3)、至少一个事故闸门装置(4)和至少一个排空闸门装置(5)，其中，各级取水单元(1)以内所包含的挡水闸门装置(3)的数量成等差数列逐渐增加，所述挡水闸门装置(3)包括沿着隧洞(2)内水流流向依次并列布置于河道内的检修闸井(31)和工作闸井(32)，检修闸井(31)以内设置有可沿检修闸井(31)升降滑动的检修闸门(33)，工作闸井(32)以内设置有可沿工作闸井(32)升降滑动的工作闸门(34)，所述事故闸门装置(4)包括事故闸井(41)，所述事故闸井(41)以内设置有可沿着事故闸井(41)升降滑动的事故闸门(42)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种深层取水系统，其特征在于：所述等差数列的公差为1。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种深层取水系统，其特征在于：当所述取水单元(1)以内所包含的挡水闸门装置(3)的数量大于3时，沿着隧洞(2)内水流流向，自第2个挡水闸门装置(3)起至最后1个挡水闸门装置(3)止，任意相邻两个挡水闸门装置(3)之间还布置有溢流通道(6)，溢流通道(6)分别与相对应的检修闸井(31)、工作闸井(32)连通。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种深层取水系统，其特征在于：所述检修闸门(33)、工作闸门(34)和事故闸门(42)均为平板闸门。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的一种深层取水系统，其特征在于：所述排空闸门装置(5)包括排空闸室(51)，排空闸室(51)以内设置有排空闸门(52)，排空闸门(52)可活动地导通或截断排空闸室(51)以下的隧洞(2)。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的一种深层取水系统，其特征在于：所述排空闸门(52)为弧形闸门。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的一种深层取水系统，其特征在于：所述排空闸室(51)与下游隧洞(2)连接处还设置有沿河道水流流向由高至低倾斜的压坡段(21)。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的一种深层取水系统，其特征在于：当所述取水单元(1)以内所包含的挡水闸门装置(3)的数量大于2时，沿着隧洞(2)内水流流向，任意相邻两个挡水闸门装置(3)之间还设置有溢流廊道A(7)，溢流廊道A(7)的两端分别与所述挡水闸门装置(3)以内相应的检修闸井(31)或工作闸井(32)连通。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的一种深层取水系统，其特征在于：所述事故闸井(41)以内还设置有补气管(10)，补气管(10)的一端与所述事故闸井(41)正下方隧洞(2)连通，补气管(10)的另一端沿竖直向上方向延伸。
  10. 根据权利要求5所述的一种深层取水系统，其特征在于：所述排空闸室(51)两侧还设置有补气孔(11)，补气孔(11)设置高度相对于所述排空闸门(52)顶面之间的高度差大于2米。
  11. 一种深层取水系统及其操作方法的操作方法，其特征在于：包括以下步骤：
    使用如权利要求1至10任一项所述深层取水系统，设该深层取水系统包括n级取水单元1，各级取水单元1以内所包含的挡水闸门装置3的数量成等差数列逐渐增加，设等差数列公差为Δd，第1级取水单元1包括m个挡水闸门装置3，则第i级取水单元1包括k个挡水闸门装置3，其中，i＝1,2,3,…,n，k值满足以下关系式：
    k＝m+(i-1)Δd；
    设第i级取水单元1所包括的k个挡水闸门装置3沿着隧洞2以内水流流向依次编制序号为：a 1,a 2,a 3,…,a k，当对上述深层取水 系统进行操作时，包括以下步骤：
    一、蓄水阶段：
    步骤一：沿着与隧洞2内水流流向相反的方向，同时关闭n级取水单元1以内的所有排空闸门装置5；
    步骤二：待n级取水单元1以内的所有排空闸门装置5的上游水位达到与其对应的预设水位高度后，同时关闭n级取水单元1以内的所有编号为a k的挡水闸门装置3；
    步骤三：待n级取水单元1以内的所有编号为a k的挡水闸门装置3的上游水位达到与其对应的预设水位高度后，同时关闭n级取水单元1以内的所有编号为a k-1的挡水闸门装置3；
    步骤四：重复步骤三，直至关闭n级取水单元1以内的所有挡水闸门装置3，蓄水阶段结束；
    二、取水阶段：
    步骤一：沿着隧洞2内水流流向，同时开启n级取水单元1以内的所有编号为a 1的挡水闸门装置3；
    步骤二：待n级取水单元1以内的所有编号为a 1的挡水闸门装置3的下游水位与其上游水位持平后，再同时开启n级取水单元1以内的所有编号为a 2的挡水闸门装置3；
    步骤三：重复步骤二，直至同时开启n级取水单元1以内的所有编号为a k所有挡水闸门装置3；
    步骤四：待n级取水单元1以内的所有编号为a k的挡水闸门装置3的下游水位与其上游水位持平后，再同时开启n级取水单元1以内的所有排空闸门装置5，并且从第n级取水单元1的排空闸门装置5下游隧洞2以内取水。
    三、挡水闸门装置3的检修：
    当需要对挡水闸门装置3以内的工作闸门34进行检修时，落下检修闸门33阻断隧洞2，通过平压充水管6放水，待该挡水闸门装 置3上下游水位持平后，再提起工作闸门34检修，检修完毕放下工作闸门34，通过平压充水管6向该挡水闸门装置3两侧上下游充水，待该挡水闸门装置3两侧上下游水位达到预设高度后，提起检修闸门33，完成检修；
    三、排空闸门52的检修：
    当需要对排空闸门52进行检修时，关闭与其相对应的事故闸门42，再提起排空闸门52进行检修，检修完毕，放下排空闸门52，通过充水管两端充水后，事故闸门装置4内上下游水位持平后，提起事故闸门42，完成检修。
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