WO2020125231A1 - 一种tka术后关节不稳矫正裤 - Google Patents

一种tka术后关节不稳矫正裤 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020125231A1
WO2020125231A1 PCT/CN2019/114845 CN2019114845W WO2020125231A1 WO 2020125231 A1 WO2020125231 A1 WO 2020125231A1 CN 2019114845 W CN2019114845 W CN 2019114845W WO 2020125231 A1 WO2020125231 A1 WO 2020125231A1
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thigh
strap
belt
knee
nylon
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PCT/CN2019/114845
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张春秋
张兰
张涛
叶金铎
刘璐
王鑫
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天津理工大学
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Publication of WO2020125231A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020125231A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F5/00—Orthopaedic methods or devices for non-surgical treatment of bones or joints; Nursing devices; Anti-rape devices
    • A61F5/01—Orthopaedic devices, e.g. splints, casts or braces

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a knee joint instability correction trousers, and in particular to a knee joint instability correction knee joint replacement.
  • TKA Artificial total knee arthroplasty
  • Knee instability after total knee replacement refers to a knee joint that exceeds a normal angle or leaves the original normal position when it is varused, overextended, or flexed after total knee replacement, or is unstable in multiple directions.
  • the lateral collateral ligament is tight, and the knee joint is stable without lateral and rotational movement; when the knee joint is in the semi-flexed position, the lateral collateral ligament is relaxed, the joint is unstable, and there is mild lateral movement. Vulnerable.
  • a major factor in flexion instability after TKA is joint instability caused by relaxation of the medial collateral ligament during flexion due to changes in the center of rotation of the femoral condyle. Patients with knee flexion contracture excessively loosen the medial collateral ligament, and the posterior joint capsule fails to loosen well, which may cause instability during knee flexion (30° ⁇ 60° or even 90°).
  • the instability that occurs after surgery is expected to be fixed by the knee brace at the early stage, waiting for the soft tissue scar adhesion to reach stability. For mid-term instability, if it is not serious, you can wear a brace and enhance muscle contraction. It is also expected to gradually adapt to daily life. For persistent pain, swelling, lameness, and mobility problems, it is estimated that it is difficult to obtain satisfactory results with a brace, and repair is required.
  • the present invention provides a correction trousers for flexion instability after TKA, which can be worn in the early and middle stages of postoperative instability It plays a fastening role in the flexion process, compensates for the relaxation of the medial collateral ligament during flexion, and waits for soft tissue scar adhesion to reach stability; at the same time, the frame and elastic band can reduce the load on the knee joint.
  • a kind of restraint pants for correcting joint instability after TKA operation including: stepping elastic pants, calf fixing belt, thigh fixing belt, waist fixing belt, elastic fastening belt between calf and foot, elasticity tightness between calf and thigh Straps (one each on the inside and outside of the leg), elastic fastening straps between the thigh and waist, and knee strap reinforcement straps.
  • the elastic pants can be used as a base, and the lower leg fixing belt, the upper leg fixing belt and the waist fixing belt are connected to the pants body through the trousers; one end of the fixing belt is provided with a loop, and the other end is provided with two nylon buckles.
  • the belt body of the fixing belt is provided with a long-shaped belt hole and a nylon tower buckle, which is used to connect with the elastic fastening belt and the knee brace reinforcement belt;
  • the two ends of the elastic fastening belt are provided with nylon tower buckles, It is connected between the two fixing straps and can be adjusted with the help of the strap holes on the strap body;
  • the knee brace strap is used between the thigh strap and the calf strap, and the upper and lower ends are provided with nylon tower buckles for fixing
  • the nylon buckle on the belt body is connected, and the nylon buckle is also provided on the two winding belts on one side for lateral fastening.
  • the invention can restrain the joint instability when the knee joint is active according to the condition of the wearer and the requirements of the doctor.
  • the wearer can stick the corresponding fastening belt or remove the unnecessary one at the position to be fastened according to his own situation.
  • Fastening straps, and the length of the tightening straps can be adjusted at any time according to their own needs, so that the inside and outside of the knee joint can reach a suitable elasticity, compensate for the slack in the ligament during knee straightening and flexion, the operation is simple and convenient, and very practical .
  • the entire belt frame of the restraint pants can limit the movement of the knee joint to a specific range, and has a corrective effect when worn for a long time.
  • the main purpose of the present invention to provide patients with a pair of restraint pants for correcting joint instability in the early and middle stages of instability after TKA operation, and the belt frame can limit the movement of the knee joint to a specific range and extend the knee joint It plays a fastening role in the process of straightening and flexion, compensates for the ligament relaxation during knee straightening and flexion, and waits for soft tissue scar adhesion. Long-term wear has a corrective effect to stabilize the knee joint.
  • the wearer of the present invention can stick the corresponding fastening tape at the position to be fastened according to his own situation, and can also take off the unnecessary fastening tape, which is simple and convenient to operate and very practical.
  • Figure 1 shows the overall wearing effect of the pants for joint instability correction after TKA
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a stepped elastic trousers for the correction pants for joint instability after TKA;
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the calf fixing belt of the joint instability correction pants after the TKA operation
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the thigh fixing band of the joint instability correction pants after the TKA operation
  • Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the waist fixing belt of the joint instability correction pants after the TKA operation
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of the elastic fastening belt between the lower leg and the foot of the correction pants for joint instability after TKA operation;
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of the elastic fastening band between the lower leg and the upper leg of the pants for correction of joint instability after TKA.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a knee-reinforcing belt of the correction pants for joint instability after TKA.
  • the postoperative joint instability correction trousers of the present invention include: stepping elastic pants body 1, calf fixing strap 2, thigh fixing strap 3, waist fixing strap 4, elastic fastening between the calf and the foot Belt 5, elastic fastening belt 6 between calf and thigh, elastic fastening belt 7 between thigh and waist and knee brace reinforcement belt 8.
  • the restraint pants for correcting knee joint instability the belt frame can limit the movement of the knee joint to a specific range, play a role in the process of knee straightening and flexion, the elastic fastening belt can adjust the fixing belt The tension between them ensures the normal physiological gap of the knee joint; it can compensate for the relaxation of the ligament during flexion, waiting for the soft tissue scar to adhere and stabilize the joint.
  • the correction trousers with the body frame of the invention can improve the knee joint gap, and can correct the flexion instability and knee hyperextension when the knee joint is active. The wearer can stick the corresponding position according to the actual situation at the position that needs to be fastened It can also be used to remove unneeded fastening straps, and the operation is simple, convenient and practical.
  • the stepped elastic pants 1 can be made of polyester-cotton material.
  • the stepped foot pants have round holes on the bottom of the pants.
  • the trousers are slightly longer than the legs. After wearing, the heels are exposed. Stepping on the bottom edge of the pants, this design can effectively prevent the discomfort caused by the stretch pants contraction during the flexion and extension of the legs.
  • the foot-stretchable elastic pants 1 serve as a base, and are provided with three loops (one on the front side and two on the rear side) at the lower leg and the thigh, and six loops (two on the front side and four on the rear side) at the waist ), there is a trousers loop on the bottom of the foot, the width of which is not less than the width of the bottom of the foot, making the foot more comfortable to step on.
  • One end of the calf fixing belt 2 is provided with a collar, and the other end is provided with two nylon tower buckles.
  • the calf fixing belt 2 is sequentially worn in the three pants loops at the calf of the trousers, and the end with the nylon tower buckle It can be inserted into the collar hole at the other end, and then turned back from the outside of the collar, so that the two nylon tower buckle surfaces at this end are fitted and fixed to form a sleeve; the thigh fixing strap 3 and the waist fixing strap 4 are in the same way A sleeve is formed, and the calf fixing band 2, the thigh fixing band 3 and the waist fixing band 4 are all made of suede material; wherein the calf fixing band 2 has two belts except one nylon buckle at one end
  • the upper part is additionally provided with a strip-shaped belt hole and a nylon tower buckle, as is the thigh fixing belt (3).
  • One end of the elastic fastening belt (one inside and one outside of the leg) 6 between the lower leg and the thigh is provided with a nylon buckle, which can be fitted and fixed with the corresponding nylon tower buckle on the belt body of the lower leg fixing belt 2, and the other end There are two nylon buckles to pass this end out from the corresponding long belt holes on the thigh strap (3) strap body, so that the two nylon buckles at this end fit snugly and can be adjusted through this end Tightness.
  • the connection between the fixing strap 4 is fixed in the same way; the elastic fastening strap 5 between the lower leg and the foot, the elastic fastening strap between the lower leg and the thigh (one each inside and outside the leg) 6 and the thigh and
  • the elastic fastening belt 7 at the waist can be made of polyester fiber.
  • the top nylon buckle of the elastic fastening belt 6 between the lower leg and the thigh on both sides of the leg can be opened, and tightened by the belt hole of the thigh fixing belt 3 to shorten the working length of the elastic fastening belt 6, and then the top
  • the two nylon tower buckle surfaces are fitted and fixed, and the elastic fastening belt 5 between the lower leg and the foot and the elastic fastening belt 7 between the thigh and the waist are tightened in the same way, so that the whole is given from the sole to the top
  • An upward lifting force on both sides of the knee joint compensates for the joint instability caused by the relaxation of the lateral collateral ligament during the knee flexion (30° ⁇ 60°).
  • the tightening band on the medial leg can be tightened separately to reduce the gap between the medial femur and tibia of the knee joint to compensate for the joint instability caused by the relaxation of the medial collateral ligament during the knee flexion; or the tightening of the tightening on the lateral side of the leg alone
  • Fixation straps reduce the gap between the lateral femur and tibia of the knee joint to compensate for the joint instability caused by the relaxation of the lateral collateral ligament during flexion of the knee joint.
  • the top nylon buckle of the elastic fastening belt 7 between the thigh and the waist can be opened, and tightened by the belt hole of the waist fixing belt 3 to shorten the working length of the elastic fastening belt 7, and then the top two
  • the nylon buckle surface is fitted and fixed, which can also improve the joint relaxation after hip replacement.
  • the knee pad reinforcing belt 8 can be made of suede fiber material, and the upper and lower ends are provided with nylon tower buckles, which are respectively fixed to the nylon tower buckles on the belt bodies of the thigh fixing belt 3 and the calf fixing belt 2. Nylon buckles are also provided on the two winding belts on one side of the kneepad reinforcement belt 8, which can be wound from the rear side of the leg and fit and fixed with the corresponding nylon buckles on the main body portion of the reinforcement belt.
  • the nylon tower buckle surfaces provided on the upper and lower ends of the kneepad reinforcement belt 8 are longer, and the elasticity can be adjusted through the nylon tower buckle. If the wearer's knee overstretches during walking and standing, for example, 5° to 10°, it can be corrected by tightening the knee brace 8 and tightening the inner and outer sides of the leg.
  • the wearer When in use, the wearer first puts on the elastic pants 1 which can be stepped on the foot, wears the waist fixing belt 4 in sequence in the six panties 11 on the waist of the pants body 1, one end with nylon buckle can be inserted into the collar on the other end After the hole 41, it is folded back from the outside of the collar 41, so that the two nylon buckles 42 at this end are fitted and fixed to form a sleeve; the thigh fixing strap 3 is sequentially placed in the three trousers 12 at the thigh of the trouser body 1, Put the calf fixing band 2 in the three trousers 13 at the calf of the trouser body 1 in sequence, and all are fixed in the same way to form a sleeve.
  • the elastic fastening belt 7 between the thigh and the waist is also connected between the thigh fixing belt 3 and the waist fixing belt 4 in the same way, and one end of the elastic fastening belt 7 can be adjusted by the belt hole on the belt body of the waist fixing belt 4 Elastic.
  • the top nylon buckle 61 of the elastic fastening strap 6 between the lateral calf and thigh can be opened and tightened by the strap hole 34 of the thigh fixing strap 3 to shorten the fastening
  • the working length of the belt 6, and then the two nylon tower buckle surfaces of the nylon tower buckle 61 on the top are fitted and fixed; the elastic fastening belt 5 between the lower leg and the foot can also be tightened in the same way.
  • the overall upward force is given to the outside of the knee joint from the sole of the foot, reducing the gap between the lateral femur and tibia of the knee joint, thereby making up for the joint instability caused by the relaxation of the lateral collateral ligament of the knee joint.
  • the elastic fastening belt between the lower leg and the thigh (one each inside and outside of the leg), and the elastic fastening belt between the thigh and the waist have the same structure.
  • the above is just one embodiment of the present invention.
  • the wearer can stick the corresponding fastening belt at the position where it needs to be fastened or remove the unnecessary fastening belt according to its own situation.
  • the operation is simple and convenient, and it is very practical. .

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  • Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
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Abstract

一种TKA术后屈曲不稳矫正裤，其包括：可踩脚弹力裤（1）、小腿固定带（2）、大腿固定带（3）、腰部固定带（4）、小腿与脚间的弹力紧固带（5）、小腿与大腿间的弹力紧固带（6）、大腿与腰间的弹力紧固带（7）、护膝加固带（8）；其中可踩脚弹力裤（1）作为基体，固定带（2，3，4）均通过裤袢（11-14）与裤体相连，固定带（2，3，4）的端部设有套环（21，31，41）和尼龙塔扣（22，32，42，81），两端可固定形成套；弹力紧固带（5，6，7）的两端设有尼龙塔扣（51，52，61，62），连接在两固定带（2，3，4）之间，弹力紧固带（5，6，7）可借助固定带（2，3，4）上的带孔（24，34，43）来调节松紧，改变固定带（2，3，4）之间的拉力，维持膝关节股骨与胫骨之间的正常生理间隙。能改善膝关节间隙，并可以对膝关节活动时屈曲不稳及膝过伸的情况有矫正作用，且操作简单方便、实用。

Description

一种TKA术后关节不稳矫正裤 技术领域
本发明涉及一种膝关节不稳矫正裤，具体涉及一种改善膝关节置换术后关节不稳的矫正裤。
背景技术
人工全膝关节置换术(TKA)是众多成功的外科手术之一，该手术能够改善患者膝关节功能和获得良好的假体生存率。良好的手术效果依赖于恰当的截骨和软组织平衡，且大多数情况下手术医生需要在术中完成截骨、软组织和衬垫三者之间的平衡。该手术的理想目标是在截骨与平衡软组织后，在伸直位或屈曲90°位获得矩形间隙。尽管可以使用数种方法对软组织进行松解，但是任何一种方法都依赖于手术医生的经验，特别是对于严重内翻患者，软组织平衡十分困难，且过分松解软组织会影响手术效果。研究显示，在1990年至2002年期间，接受全膝关节置换术的人数增加了50％，并预测在2005年至2030期间增加174％。全膝关节置换术解决了许多患者的难题，取得了良好的疗效。同时，TKA手术后的并发症也给关节外科医生带来了困扰和挑战。术后膝关节僵硬/不稳的发生是最突出的问题。膝关节僵硬影响关节活动范围，影响行走和下蹲。如果发生关节不稳定，患者早期主诉疼痛、反复肿胀及步行障碍，中长期继发感染、假体松动及磨损概率明显增高，占翻修手术原因的10％～22％。
有不少研究都旨在提出帮助手术医生在全膝关节置换手术中对股骨髁和胫骨平台假体的位置进行精确的定位的方法，以减少术后脱位的发生，但是，这些方法都只能够达到粗略的精确度。全膝关节置换术后膝关节不稳指全膝关节置换术后膝关节在内外翻、过伸或屈曲时超过正常角度或离开原来正常的部位，或多方向不稳。膝关节在伸直位时，侧副韧带较紧张，膝关节稳定而无侧向及旋转活动；膝关节处于半屈曲位时，侧副韧带松弛，关节不稳，有轻度的侧向活动，易受损伤。TKA术后屈曲不稳的一大因素是，由于股骨髁旋转中心的改变，在屈曲过程中内侧副韧带出现松弛引起的关节不稳。膝关节屈曲挛缩的病人过度松解内侧副韧带，后方关节囊未能很好松解，会导致膝关节屈曲过程中(30°～60°甚至90°)的不稳。
术后发生的不稳早期可望通过护膝支具固定，等待软组织瘢痕黏连，达到稳定。对中期出现的不稳定，如果不严重也可戴支具并增强肌肉收缩运动，也有望逐渐适应日常生活。而对于持续性疼痛、肿胀、跛行及活动障碍时，佩戴支具估计很难获得满意效果，需要进行翻修。
发明内容
针对TKA术后屈曲过程中内侧副韧带松弛这一因素引起的关节不稳，本发明提供一种TKA术后屈曲不稳矫正裤，在术后发生不稳的早中期，可通过穿戴该矫正裤，在屈曲过程中起到紧固作用，补偿屈曲过程中内侧副韧带出现的松弛，等待软组织瘢痕黏连，达到稳定；同时利用框架和弹力带可减轻膝关节的负荷。
本发明的技术方案如下：
一种矫正TKA术后关节不稳的约束裤，包括：可踩脚弹力裤、小腿固定带、大腿固定带、腰部固定带、小腿与脚间的弹力紧固带、小腿与大腿间的弹力紧固带(腿内、外侧各一条)、大腿与腰间的弹力紧固带、护膝加固带。
其中，可踩脚弹力裤作为基体，小腿固定带、大腿固定带以及腰部固定带均通过裤袢与裤体相连；固定带的一端设有套环，另一端设有两处尼龙塔扣，可固定形成套，且固定带的带体上设有长条形带孔和尼龙塔扣，用于和弹力紧固带及护膝加固带相连；弹力紧固带的两端均设有尼龙塔扣，连接在两固定带之间，并可借助固定带带体上的带孔来调节松紧；护膝加固带用于大腿固定带与小腿固定带之间，其上下两端设有尼龙塔扣可与固定带带体上的尼龙塔扣相连，其一侧的两根绕带上也设有尼龙塔扣用于自身横向紧固使用。
本发明具有以下有益效果：
本发明能根据穿戴者病情以及医生要求对膝关节活动时关节不稳的情况进行约束，穿戴者可根据自身情况，自行在需要紧固的位置粘上相应的紧固带或者摘下不需要的紧固带，而且可根据自身需要随时调节紧固带的长短使得膝关节内、外侧均达到一个合适的松紧度，补偿膝关节伸直与屈曲过程中韧带出现的松弛，操作简单方便，非常实用。约束裤的整个带体框架能将膝关节活动限制在一个特定范围内，长期穿戴有矫正作用。
本发明的主要目的：在TKA术后发生不稳的早中期，给患者提供一种矫正关节不稳的约束裤，其带体框架能将膝关节活动限制在一个特定范围内，在膝关节伸直与屈曲过程中起到紧固作用，补偿膝关节伸直与屈曲过程中韧带出现的松弛，等待软组织瘢痕黏连，长期穿戴有矫正作用，使膝关节达到稳定。本发明的穿戴者可根据自身情况，在需要紧固的位置粘上相应的紧固带，也可摘下不需要的紧固带，操作简单方便，非常实用。
附图说明
图1为该TKA术后关节不稳矫正裤的整体穿戴效果图；
图2为该TKA术后关节不稳矫正裤的可踩脚弹力裤结构示意图；
图3为该TKA术后关节不稳矫正裤的小腿固定带结构示意图；
图4为该TKA术后关节不稳矫正裤的大腿固定带结构示意图；
图5为该TKA术后关节不稳矫正裤的腰部固定带结构示意图；
图6为该TKA术后关节不稳矫正裤的小腿与脚间的弹力紧固带的结构示意图；
图7为该TKA术后关节不稳矫正裤的小腿与大腿间的弹力紧固带结构示意图。
图8为该TKA术后关节不稳矫正裤的护膝加固带结构示意图。
其中：
1：可踩脚弹力裤      2：小腿固定带     3：大腿固定带     4：腰部固定带
5：小腿与脚间的紧固带      6：小腿与大腿间的紧固带       7：弹力紧固带
8：护膝加固带        11：腰部裤袢     12：大腿处裤袢     13：小腿处裤袢
14：脚部裤袢         21,31,41：套环         22,32,42,81：端部尼龙塔扣
51：端部尼龙塔扣(一) 52：端部尼龙塔扣(二) 23,33,83：带体尼龙塔扣
24,34,43：带孔 61：顶部尼龙塔扣 62：底部尼龙塔扣 82：绕带尼龙塔扣
具体实施方式
为使本发明的目的、使用方法及功效更加清楚明白，下面结合实施例和附图对本发明做进一步的详细说明，本发明的示意性实施方式及其说明仅用于解释本发明，并不作为对本发明的限定。
如图1所示，本发明的术后关节不稳矫正裤包括：可踩脚弹力裤裤体1、小腿固定带2、大腿固定带3、腰部固定带4、小腿与脚间的弹力紧固带5、小腿与大腿间的弹力紧固带6、大腿与腰间的弹力紧固带7和护膝加固带8。
该矫正膝关节不稳的约束裤，其带体框架能将膝关节活动限制在一个特定范围内，在膝关节伸直过程和屈曲过程中起到紧固作用，弹力紧固带可调整固定带之间的拉力，保证膝关节的正常生理间隙；其能补偿屈曲过程中韧带出现的松弛，等待软组织瘢痕黏连，使达到关节稳定。本发明带体框架的矫正裤能改善膝关节间隙，并可以对膝关节活动时屈曲不稳及膝过伸的情况有矫正作用，穿戴者可根据实际情况，在需要紧固的位置粘上相应的紧固带，也可摘下不需要的紧固带，且操作简单方便、实用。
其中所述的可踩脚弹力裤1可采用涤棉材料制成，可踩脚即裤子后侧在底部设有圆孔，裤长稍大于腿长，穿上后正好脚跟露出圆孔，脚可踩住裤子底部边缘部分，这种设计能有效防止腿屈伸活动时弹力裤上缩而带来的不适。该可踩脚弹力裤1作为基体，在小腿与大腿处均设有三个裤袢(前侧一个，后侧两个)，在腰部设有六个裤袢(前侧两个，后侧四个)，在脚底板设有一个裤袢，其宽度不小于脚底板宽度，使脚踩着较为舒适。
其中所述的小腿固定带2的一端设有套环，另一端设有两处尼龙塔扣，小腿固 定带2依次穿设于裤体小腿处的三个裤袢中，有尼龙塔扣的一端可穿入另一端的套环孔后从套环外反向折返，使这一端的两处尼龙塔扣面贴合固定形成套；所述的大腿固定带3和腰部固定带4以同样的方式形成套，所述的小腿固定带2、大腿固定带3和腰部固定带4均采用绒面纤维材料制成；其中所述的小腿固定带2除一端的两处尼龙塔扣外，其带体上还另外设有长条形带孔和尼龙塔扣，大腿固定带(3)也是如此。所述的小腿与大腿间的弹力紧固带(腿内、外侧各一条)6的一端设有一处尼龙塔扣可与小腿固定带2带体上对应的尼龙塔扣贴合固定，另一端设有两处尼龙塔扣可将这端从大腿固定带(3)带体上对应的长条形带孔穿设出来，使这端的两处尼龙塔扣贴合固定，且可以通过这端来调节松紧度。所述的小腿与脚间的弹力紧固带5、小腿与大腿间的弹力紧固带6、大腿与腰间的弹力紧固带7和相对应的小腿固定带2、大腿固定带3、腰部固定带4之间的连接固定均是通过同样的方式；所述的小腿与脚间的弹力紧固带5、小腿与大腿间的弹力紧固带(腿内、外侧各一条)6和大腿与腰间的弹力紧固带7均可采用聚酯纤维制成。
可将腿两侧小腿与大腿间的弹力紧固带6的顶部尼龙塔扣打开，借助大腿固定带3的带孔进行收紧，减短弹力紧固带6的工作长度，然后再将其顶部的两个尼龙塔扣面贴合固定，用同样的方法收紧小腿与脚间的弹力紧固带5并收紧大腿与腰间的弹力紧固带7，这样就从脚底往上整体给了膝关节两侧一个向上提的力，弥补膝关节屈曲过程中(30°～60°)的侧副韧带松弛带来的关节不稳。
可针对穿戴者病情单独收紧腿内侧的紧固带，减少膝关节内侧股骨与胫骨的间隙来弥补膝关节屈曲过程中内侧副韧带松弛带来的关节不稳；或者单独收紧腿外侧的紧固带，减少膝关节外侧股骨与胫骨的间隙来弥补膝关节屈曲过程中外侧副韧带松弛带来的关节不稳。
可将大腿与腰间的弹力紧固带7的顶部尼龙塔扣打开，借助腰部固定带3的带孔进行收紧，减短弹力紧固带7的工作长度，然后再将其顶部的两个尼龙塔扣面贴合固定，这样对髋关节置换术后的关节松弛也能起到一定的改善作用。
护膝加固带8可采用绒面纤维材料制成，其上下两端均设有尼龙塔扣，分别与大腿固定带3与小腿固定带2的带体上的尼龙塔扣贴合固定。护膝加固带8的一侧的两条绕带上也设有尼龙塔扣，可从腿后侧缠绕过来与加固带主体部位上对应设置的尼龙塔扣贴合固定。
护膝加固带8的上下两端所设的尼龙塔扣面较长，可通过尼龙塔扣来实现调节松紧。穿戴者在行走和站立过程中若出现膝过伸，例如5°～10°,可通过收紧护膝加固带8并配合收紧腿内外两侧紧固带来纠正。
可通过收紧护膝加固带8并配合收紧腿内外两侧紧固带来限制胫骨向前过度移位，弥补前交叉韧带出现的松弛，从而维持前交叉韧带松弛的穿戴者的关节稳定性。
使用时，穿戴者首先穿上可踩脚弹力裤1，将腰部固定带4依次穿设于裤体1腰部的六个裤袢11中，有尼龙塔扣的一端可穿入另一端的套环41孔后从套环41外反向折返，使这一端的两处尼龙塔扣42贴合固定形成套；将大腿固定带3依次穿设于裤体1大腿处的三个裤袢12中，将小腿固定带2依次穿设于裤体1小腿处的三个裤袢13中，均以同样的方法固定形成套。
将小腿与脚间的弹力紧固带5从可踩脚弹力裤1上的脚底裤袢14中穿设出来，其两端均穿过小腿固定带2带体上对应位置的带孔24，然后将端部尼龙塔扣(一)51的两个尼龙塔扣面贴合固定，将另一端端部尼龙塔扣(二)52的两个尼龙塔扣面贴合固定，在行走过程中如果感觉松紧度不合适，可打开紧固带其中一端的尼龙塔扣并通过固定带带孔来调节松紧。
将小腿与大腿间的弹力紧固带6的底部尼龙塔扣62与小腿固定带2带体上对应位置的尼龙塔扣贴合固定，其顶部从大腿固定带3带体上对用位置的带孔穿设出来后，将顶部尼龙塔扣61的两个尼龙塔扣贴合固定，并可借助固定带上的带孔来调节紧固带的松紧。腿内、外两侧的弹力紧固带6采用同样的方式连接于小腿固定带2和大腿固定带3之间。
大腿与腰间的弹力紧固带7也采用同样的方式连接在大腿固定带3和腰部固定带4之间，弹力紧固带7的一端可借助腰部固定带4带体上的带孔来调节松紧。
对于膝关节外侧副韧带松弛的穿戴者，可以将腿外侧小腿与大腿间的弹力紧固带6的顶部尼龙塔扣61打开，借助大腿固定带3的带孔34进行收紧，减短紧固带6的工作长度，然后再将其顶部尼龙塔扣61的两个尼龙塔扣面贴合固定；还可以用同样的方法收紧小腿与脚间的弹力紧固带5。这样就从脚底往上整体给了膝关节外侧一个向上提的力，减少膝关节外侧股骨与胫骨间的间隙，从而弥补膝关节外侧副韧带松弛带来的关节不稳。
本发明中的小腿与大腿间的弹力紧固带(腿内、外侧各一条)、大腿与腰间的弹力紧固带是同种结构。
以上所述仅是本发明的一个实施例，穿戴者可根据自身情况，在需要紧固的位置粘上相应的紧固带，也可摘下不需要的紧固带，操作简单方便，非常实用。

Claims (3)

  1. 一种TKA术后关节不稳矫正裤，其特征在于：包括可踩脚弹力裤裤体(1)、小腿固定带(2)、大腿固定带(3)、腰部固定带(4)、小腿与脚间的弹力紧固带(5)、小腿与大腿间的弹力紧固带(6)、大腿与腰间的弹力紧固带(7)和护膝加固带(8)；该矫正膝关节不稳的约束裤，其带体框架能将膝关节活动限制在一个特定范围内，在膝关节伸直过程和屈曲过程中起到紧固作用，弹力紧固带可调整固定带之间的拉力，保证膝关节的正常生理间隙；其能补偿屈曲过程中韧带出现的松弛，等待软组织瘢痕黏连，使达到关节稳定。本发明带体框架的矫正裤能改善膝关节间隙，并可以对膝关节活动时屈曲不稳及膝过伸的情况有矫正作用，穿戴者可根据实际情况，在需要紧固的位置粘上相应的紧固带，也可摘下不需要的紧固带，且操作简单方便、实用。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的TKA术后关节不稳矫正裤，其特征在于：其中所述的可踩脚弹力裤(1)可采用涤棉材料制成，可踩脚即裤子后侧在底部设有圆孔，裤长稍大于腿长，穿上后正好脚跟露出圆孔，脚可踩住裤子底部边缘部分，这种设计能有效防止腿屈伸活动时弹力裤上缩而带来的不适；该可踩脚弹力裤(1)作为基体，在小腿与大腿处均设有三个裤袢(前侧一个，后侧两个)，在腰部设有六个裤袢(前侧两个，后侧四个)，在脚底板设有一个裤袢，其宽度不小于脚底板宽度，使脚踩着较为舒适；其中所述的小腿固定带(2)的一端设有套环，另一端设有两处尼龙塔扣，小腿固定带(2)依次穿设于裤体小腿处的三个裤袢中，有尼龙塔扣的一端可穿入另一端的套环孔后从套环外反向折返，使这一端的两处尼龙塔扣面贴合固定形成套；所述的大腿固定带(3)和腰部固定带(4)以同样的方式形成套，所述的小腿固定带(2)、大腿固定带(3)和腰部固定带(4)均采用绒面纤维材料制成；其中所述的小腿固定带(2)除一端的两处尼龙塔扣外，其带体上还另外设有长条形带孔和尼龙塔扣，大腿固定带(3)也是如此；所述的小腿与大腿间的弹力紧固带(腿内、外侧各一条)(6)的一端设有一处尼龙塔扣可与小腿固定带(2)带体上对应的尼龙塔扣贴合固定，另一端设有两处尼龙塔扣可将这端从大腿固定带(3)带体上对应的长条形带孔穿设出来，使这端的两处尼龙塔扣贴合固定，且可以通过这端来调节松紧度；所述的小腿与脚间的弹力紧固带(5)、小腿与大腿间的弹力紧固带(6)、大腿与腰间的弹力紧固带(7)和相对应的小腿固定带(2)、大腿固定带(3)、腰部固定带(4)之间的连接固定均是通过同样的方式；所述的小腿与脚间的弹力紧固带(5)、小腿与大腿间的弹力紧固带(腿内、外侧各一条)(6)和大腿与腰间的弹力紧固带(7)均可采用聚酯纤维制成；
    可将腿两侧小腿与大腿间的弹力紧固带(6)的顶部尼龙塔扣打开，借助大腿固定带(3)的带孔进行收紧，减短弹力紧固带(6)的工作长度，然后再将其顶部的两个尼龙塔扣面贴合固定，用同样的方法收紧小腿与脚间的弹力紧固带(5)并收紧大腿与腰间的弹力紧固带(7)，这样就从脚底往上整体给了膝关节两侧一个向上提的力，弥补膝关节屈曲过程中(30°～60°)的侧副韧带松弛带来的关节不稳；
    可针对穿戴者病情单独收紧腿内侧的紧固带，减少膝关节内侧股骨与胫骨的间隙来弥补膝关节屈曲过程中内侧副韧带松弛带来的关节不稳；或者单独收紧腿外侧的紧固带，减少膝关节外侧股骨与胫骨的间隙来弥补膝关节屈曲过程中外侧副韧带松弛带来的关节不稳；
    可将大腿与腰间的弹力紧固带(7)的顶部尼龙塔扣打开，借助腰部固定带(3)的带孔进行收紧，减短弹力紧固带(7)的工作长度，然后再将其顶部的两个尼龙塔扣面贴合固定，这样对髋关节置换术后的关节松弛也能起到一定的改善作用。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的TKA术后关节不稳矫正裤，其特征在于其中所述的护膝加固带(8)可采用绒面纤维材料制成，其上下两端均设有尼龙塔扣，分别与大腿固定带(3)与小腿固定带(2)的带体上的尼龙塔扣贴合固定；护膝加固带(8)的一侧的两条绕带上也设有尼龙塔扣，可从腿后侧缠绕过来与加固带主体部位上对应设置的尼龙塔扣贴合固定；
    护膝加固带(8)的上下两端所设的尼龙塔扣面较长，可通过尼龙塔扣来实现调节松紧；穿戴者在行走和站立过程中若出现膝过伸(5°～10°),可通过收紧护膝加固带(8)并配合收紧腿内外两侧紧固带来纠正；
    可通过收紧护膝加固带(8)并配合收紧腿内外两侧紧固带来限制胫骨向前过度移位，弥补前交叉韧带出现的松弛，从而维持前交叉韧带松弛的穿戴者的关节稳定性。
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CN109864842A (zh) * 2018-12-17 2019-06-11 天津理工大学 一种tka术后关节不稳矫正裤

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CN113101027A (zh) * 2021-04-16 2021-07-13 西北工业大学 一种柔性膝关节矫形医疗辅助器械
CN114748230A (zh) * 2022-04-13 2022-07-15 中国人民解放军空军军医大学 可增减结构成为护膝的骨关节矫正装置

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