WO2020124683A1 - 基于vcsel的自由空间有源光学收发组件 - Google Patents

基于vcsel的自由空间有源光学收发组件 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020124683A1
WO2020124683A1 PCT/CN2018/125806 CN2018125806W WO2020124683A1 WO 2020124683 A1 WO2020124683 A1 WO 2020124683A1 CN 2018125806 W CN2018125806 W CN 2018125806W WO 2020124683 A1 WO2020124683 A1 WO 2020124683A1
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Prior art keywords
vcsel
signal light
vcsels
photodiodes
receiving end
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PCT/CN2018/125806
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
于光龙
任策
贾旭
汪子航
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福州高意光学有限公司
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Application filed by 福州高意光学有限公司 filed Critical 福州高意光学有限公司
Priority to KR1020247016250A priority Critical patent/KR20240093681A/ko
Priority to KR1020217022815A priority patent/KR102667731B1/ko
Priority to US17/309,779 priority patent/US12057680B2/en
Publication of WO2020124683A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020124683A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
    • G02B6/4296—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements coupling with sources of high radiant energy, e.g. high power lasers, high temperature light sources
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B19/00—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics
    • G02B19/0004—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the optical means employed
    • G02B19/0009—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the optical means employed having refractive surfaces only
    • G02B19/0014—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the optical means employed having refractive surfaces only at least one surface having optical power
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
    • H01S5/40—Arrangement of two or more semiconductor lasers, not provided for in groups H01S5/02 - H01S5/30
    • H01S5/42—Arrays of surface emitting lasers
    • H01S5/423—Arrays of surface emitting lasers having a vertical cavity
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B19/00—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics
    • G02B19/0033—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the use
    • G02B19/0047—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the use for use with a light source
    • G02B19/0052—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the use for use with a light source the light source comprising a laser diode
    • G02B19/0057—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the use for use with a light source the light source comprising a laser diode in the form of a laser diode array, e.g. laser diode bar
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/30—Collimators
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
    • G02B3/0006—Arrays
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
    • G02B3/0006—Arrays
    • G02B3/0037—Arrays characterized by the distribution or form of lenses
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
    • G02B3/02—Simple or compound lenses with non-spherical faces
    • G02B3/04—Simple or compound lenses with non-spherical faces with continuous faces that are rotationally symmetrical but deviate from a true sphere, e.g. so called "aspheric" lenses
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/04—Prisms
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
    • G02B6/4201—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details
    • G02B6/4204—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details the coupling comprising intermediate optical elements, e.g. lenses, holograms
    • G02B6/4206—Optical features
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
    • G02B6/4201—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details
    • G02B6/4204—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details the coupling comprising intermediate optical elements, e.g. lenses, holograms
    • G02B6/4215—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details the coupling comprising intermediate optical elements, e.g. lenses, holograms the intermediate optical elements being wavelength selective optical elements, e.g. variable wavelength optical modules or wavelength lockers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
    • H01S5/02—Structural details or components not essential to laser action
    • H01S5/026—Monolithically integrated components, e.g. waveguides, monitoring photo-detectors, drivers
    • H01S5/0262—Photo-diodes, e.g. transceiver devices, bidirectional devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
    • H01S5/02—Structural details or components not essential to laser action
    • H01S5/026—Monolithically integrated components, e.g. waveguides, monitoring photo-detectors, drivers
    • H01S5/0267—Integrated focusing lens
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/11—Arrangements specific to free-space transmission, i.e. transmission through air or vacuum
    • H04B10/112—Line-of-sight transmission over an extended range
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/11—Arrangements specific to free-space transmission, i.e. transmission through air or vacuum
    • H04B10/114—Indoor or close-range type systems
    • H04B10/1143—Bidirectional transmission
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/40—Transceivers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/50—Transmitters
    • H04B10/501—Structural aspects
    • H04B10/506—Multiwavelength transmitters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
    • H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
    • H01S5/40—Arrangement of two or more semiconductor lasers, not provided for in groups H01S5/02 - H01S5/30
    • H01S5/4012—Beam combining, e.g. by the use of fibres, gratings, polarisers, prisms

Definitions

  • the solution of the present invention belongs to the field of optical communication, laser or display devices, especially a free space active optical transceiver component based on VCSEL.
  • optical fibers including single-mode optical fibers, multi-mode optical fibers, and plastic optical fibers.
  • the optical fiber connection has the advantages of low loss, little interference from the external environment, and the transmission direction can be changed at any time, it is very suitable for the connection of traditional optical communication.
  • Important application scenarios include high-definition large-screen 4K and 8K. Multimedia devices such as TV, VR and AR.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a VCSEL-based free-space active optical transceiver component with low cost, small size, high transmission rate, and realizing free-space high-speed signal transmission in mid- to short-range HDMI devices.
  • VCSEL-based free-space active optical transceiver components including:
  • a transmitting end includes a plurality of VCSELs, at least one photodiode, a first focusing lens array and a first printed circuit board, the plurality of VCSELs and photodiodes are arranged in an array on the first printed circuit board ,
  • the first focusing lens array is in one-to-one correspondence with a plurality of VCSELs and photodiodes and is used to collimate the emitted signal light or focus the received signal light;
  • a receiving end includes a plurality of photodiodes, at least one VCSEL, a second focusing lens array and a second printed circuit board, the plurality of photodiodes and VCSELs are arranged in an array on the second printed circuit board ,
  • the second focusing lens array is one-to-one opposed to a plurality of photodiodes and VCSELs and is used to focus the received signal light or collimate the emitted signal light;
  • the signal light emitted by the multiple VCSELs at the transmitting end is incident on the first focusing lens array, it is collimated into collimated signal light, and then input to the second focusing lens array at the receiving end, and then the second focusing lens array
  • the corresponding focus is input to the plurality of photodiodes corresponding to the receiving end
  • the VCSEL on the receiving end is used to emit the feedback signal light
  • the feedback signal light is reversely input to the second focusing lens array and is collimated and transmitted to the first focusing lens array Then, it is focused and input by the first focusing lens array to the photodiode at the transmitting end.
  • the plurality of VCSELs at the transmitting end and at least one photodiode are arranged side by side on the first printed circuit board, and the plurality of photodiodes at the receiving end and at least one VCSEL are arranged side by side on the second printed circuit board.
  • the transmitting end has 3 to 14 VCSELs and at least one photodiode; the receiving end has 3 to 14 photodiodes and at least one VCSEL.
  • first focusing lens array and the second focusing lens array are the same, and they each include a right-angled triangular prism and a plurality of first aspheric lenses, the right-angled surface of the right-angled triangular prism is the incident surface, and the other right-angled The surface is the exit surface and the inclined surface is the reflective surface.
  • aspherical lenses are arranged side by side on the right-angle surface and used to receive the collimated optical signal transmitted by the transmitting end or collimate the optical signal output by the VCSEL at the transmitting end.
  • the other right-angled surface is opposite to a plurality of VCSELs on the transmitting end and at least one photodiode or opposite to a plurality of photodiodes on the receiving end and at least one VCSEL.
  • the other right-angled surface of the right-angled triangular prism is provided with a plurality of second aspheric lenses corresponding to a plurality of VCSELs, at least one photodiode, or a plurality of photodiodes on the receiving end, and at least one VCSEL on the receiving end.
  • the first Z-block prism has multiple incident surfaces and an exit end, and the multiple incident surfaces
  • WDM filters with different operating wavelengths respectively which are respectively opposed to the first focusing lens array and correspond to multiple VCSELs and photodiodes on the transmitting end, used to receive the signal light emitted by different VCSELs and input the first In a Z-block prism, it then exits to the receiving end through the exit end.
  • the corresponding area on the end surface where the exit end of the first Z-block prism is located is provided with an antireflection coating, and the remaining areas are provided with a high reflection film.
  • the first Z-block prism One of the incident surfaces of the block-type prism corresponds to the photodiode at the transmitting end and after receiving the feedback signal light from the receiving end, it reversely passes through the incident surface and enters the corresponding first focusing lens array; the second Z-block The prism has multiple exit surfaces and an incident end.
  • the multiple exit surfaces of the second Z-block prism are also provided with multiple WDM filters with different operating wavelengths, which are respectively opposed to the second focusing lens array and
  • the multiple photodiodes on the receiving end correspond to the VCSEL one-to-one, and the incident end of the second Z-block prism is used to receive the signal light emitted from the first Z-block prism and correspond the signal light from its multiple exit surfaces
  • the corresponding area of the end surface where the incident end of the second Z-block prism is located is provided with an antireflection coating, the remaining area is provided with a high reflection film, and one of the second Z-block prisms exits
  • the surface corresponds to the VCSEL at the receiving end and is used to receive the feedback signal light emitted by the VCSEL and reversely pass through the exit surface, and then output inversely from the incident end of the second Z-block prism.
  • it further includes a band-pass filter array.
  • the band-pass filter array is provided at the receiving end.
  • the band-pass filter array is provided with filters of different operating wavelengths and
  • the two focusing lens arrays oppose each other and divide the signal light output from the transmitting end into different wavelengths and enter the different photodiodes located at the receiving end through the second lens array.
  • the feedback signal light from the VCSEL on the receiving end reversely passes through the band Pass the filter array and transmit it to the photodiode on the emitting end.
  • VCSEL-based free-space active optical transceiver components including:
  • a transmitting end includes a plurality of VCSELs, at least one photodiode, a first optical system and a first printed circuit board, the plurality of VCSELs and photodiodes are arranged in an array on the first printed circuit board, The incident end of the first optical system is opposite to a plurality of VCSELs and photodiodes and is used to collimate the emitted signal light or focus the received signal light;
  • a receiving end includes a plurality of photodiodes, at least one VCSEL, a second optical system and a second printed circuit board, the plurality of photodiodes and VCSELs are arranged in an array on the second printed circuit board,
  • the incident end of the second optical system is used to receive the optical signal from the exit end of the first optical system.
  • the exit end of the second optical system is opposed to a plurality of photodiodes and VCSELs and used to focus the received signal light Or the emitted signal light is collimated;
  • the signal light emitted by the multiple VCSELs at the transmitting end enters the first optical system from the incident end of the first optical system and is collimated into collimated signal light, then it is refracted through the output end of the first optical system and input to the second optical system Enter the second optical system at the incident end, and the collimated signal light is focused and input by the output end of the second optical system to a plurality of photodiodes corresponding to the receiving end, and the VCSEL on the receiving end is used to emit feedback signal light, and The feedback signal light is reversely input into the second optical system and collimated, then refracted by the output end of the second optical system and reversely input into the first optical system, and then focused by the first optical system and input to the photodiode at the transmitting end .
  • first optical system and the second optical system have the same structure, and each includes a right-angled triangular prism and a collimating lens, and one end surface of the collimating lens is a flat portion and is attached to the right-angled surface of the right-angled triangular prism.
  • the other end surface of the straight lens is an arc-shaped surface
  • the inclined surface of the right-angled triangular prism is a reflective surface
  • the other right-angled surface of the right-angled triangular prism is opposed to a plurality of VCSELs and at least one photodiode at the transmitting end or a plurality of at the receiving end
  • the photodiode and at least one VCSEL are opposite.
  • the receiving end further includes a spacer, the spacer is disposed between the second printed circuit board and the second optical system, the spacer is provided with a light-transmitting hole array and the light-transmitting hole array
  • the through holes correspond to multiple photodiodes at the receiving end and at least one VCSEL.
  • the solution of the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the solution of the present invention proposes a free-space active optical transceiver component based on a vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL), which can be realized Near-medium distance free space (wireless) high-speed optical communication signal transmission and reception, single channel transceiver rate can reach more than 10G bps; it can be used for short, medium-range high-definition multimedia interface (HDMI) devices to achieve free space high-speed signal transmission
  • VCSEL vertical cavity surface emitting laser
  • HDMI high-definition multimedia interface
  • the solution of the present invention has the characteristics of free space connection, high transmission rate, low cost, small size, easy assembly and mass production, and has a broad market prospect.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a schematic implementation structure of a transmitting end according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a schematic implementation structure of a receiving end according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of one of the brief implementation structures of the first focusing lens according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic three-dimensional perspective implementation structure diagram of the first focusing lens shown in FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a second implementation structure of the first focusing lens according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic three-dimensional perspective implementation structure diagram of the first focusing lens shown in FIG. 5;
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a schematic implementation structure of a transmitting end and a receiving end according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a schematic implementation structure of a transmitting end and a receiving end according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a schematic implementation structure of a first optical system according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure at A-A shown in FIG. 9;
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic three-dimensional perspective implementation structure diagram of the first optical system shown in FIG. 9;
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a schematic implementation structure of a spacer according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • the free-space active optical transceiver component based on VCSEL in this embodiment includes:
  • a transmitting end includes a plurality of VCSELs 12, at least one photodiode 13, a first focusing lens array 14 and a first printed circuit board 11, the plurality of VCSELs 12 and photodiodes 13 are arranged in an array in On the first printed circuit board 11, the first focusing lens array 14 is opposed to a plurality of VCSELs 12 and photodiodes 13 and is used to collimate the emitted signal light or focus the received signal light;
  • a receiving end includes a plurality of photodiodes 22, at least one VCSEL 23, a second focusing lens array 24 and a second printed circuit board 21, the plurality of photodiodes 22 and VCSEL 23 are arranged in an array in On the second printed circuit board 21, the second focusing lens array 24 is opposed to the plurality of photodiodes 22 and VCSEL 23 one by one and is used to focus the received signal light or collimate the emitted signal light;
  • the signal light emitted by the plurality of VCSELs 12 at the transmitting end is incident on the first focusing lens array 14 correspondingly, it is collimated into collimated signal light, and then input to the second focusing lens array 24 at the receiving end, and then the second The focusing lens array 24 is focused and input to the plurality of photodiodes 22 corresponding to the receiving end, and the VCSEL 23 on the receiving end is used to emit feedback signal light, and the feedback signal light is reversely input to the second focusing lens array 24 and collimated It is transmitted to the first focusing lens array 14 and then focused by the first focusing lens array 14 and input onto the photodiode 13 at the transmitting end.
  • the structure of this embodiment further includes a first Z-block prism 31 and a second Z-block prism 32.
  • the first Z-block prism 31 has a plurality of incident surfaces and an exit end, and a plurality of WDM filters 311 with different operating wavelengths are respectively arranged on the incident surface, which respectively face the first focusing lens array 14 and correspond to a plurality of VCSELs 12 and photodiodes 11 on the transmitting end, for receiving different VCSELs 12
  • the emitted signal light is input into the first Z-block prism 31, and then exits to the receiving end through the emission end.
  • the corresponding area on the end surface where the emission end of the first Z-block prism 31 is located is provided with an antireflection film 312, and the remaining areas A high reflection film 313 is provided, one of the incident surfaces of the first Z-block prism 31 corresponds to the photodiode 13 at the transmitting end, and after receiving the feedback signal light from the receiving end, the first Z-block prism 31 reversely passes through the incident surface And incident on the corresponding first focusing lens array 14, the feedback signal light is focused and input by the first focusing array 14 to the photodiode 13 at the transmitting end; the second Z-block prism 32 has multiple exit surfaces and At an incident end, a plurality of WDM filters 321 with different operating wavelengths are also provided on a plurality of exit surfaces of the second Z-block prism 32, which are respectively opposed to the second focusing lens array 24 and the multiple on the receiving end
  • One photodiode 22 corresponds to the VCSEL 23 in one-to-one correspondence, and the incident end of the second Z-block pris
  • One of the exit surfaces of the second Z-block prism 32 corresponds to the VCSEL 23 at the receiving end and is used to receive the feedback signal light from the VCSEL 23 and pass through in reverse The exit surface is then output inversely from the incident end of the second Z-block prism 32 and transmitted to the emission end.
  • the thickness of the first Z-BLOCK prism 14 corresponding to the transmitting end and the second Z-BLOCK prism 24 corresponding to the receiving end are both 0.5-20 mm, which is the same as the VCSEL 12 at the transmitting end or the photodiode 22 at the receiving end (PD) Set at an angle of 6° to 45°.
  • the first Z-BLOCK type prism 31 and the second Z-BLOCK type prism 32 are configured for the light combining (MUX) function at the transmitting end of the optical component and the light splitting (DEMUX) function at the receiving end.
  • MUX light combining
  • DEMUX light splitting
  • the light emitted by the transmitter is collimated light, there is no need to transmit through waveguides such as optical fibers. After the free space is transmitted through a short and medium distance, it enters the receiver, thereby achieving free space interconnection of high-speed signals.
  • the output end and the input end can also be encapsulated by a casing, and the corresponding first Z-BLOCK prism 31 and second Z-BLOCK prism 32 are also encapsulated in the input end and the output end, respectively.
  • the plurality of VCSELs 12 at the transmitting end and at least one photodiode 13 are arranged in parallel on the first printed circuit board 11, and the plurality of photodiodes 22 and at least one VCSEL 23 at the receiving end are arranged in parallel on the second printed circuit
  • the first printed circuit board 11 and the second printed circuit board 21 are correspondingly integrated with a driving circuit for driving the VCSEL and the photodiode, a receiver integrated circuit and a microcontroller, and the VCSEL and the photodiode are used
  • the form of the patch is assembled on the first printed circuit board 11 and the second printed circuit board 21, because the integrated drive circuit, receiver integrated circuit and microcontroller on the first printed circuit board 11 and the second printed circuit board 21 are The existing common technologies will not be repeated here.
  • the transmitting end has 3 to 14 VCSELs 12 and at least one photodiode 11; the multiple VCSELs 12, 23 are configured to generate multiple optical signals with different wavelengths, and the wavelength range covers 600 nm to 1400 nm, and the wavelength The channel interval is 20-100 nm; the typical multiple VCSELs 12 and 23 here work at 825 nm, 850 nm, 910 nm, 940 nm, 970 nm, and 1000 nm; the PD (photodiodes 11, 22) is configured to receive the VCSEL emission Optical signal; the receiving end has 3 to 14 light emitting diodes 22 and at least one VCSEL 23, preferably, the receiving end or the transmitting end between adjacent VCSEL or between adjacent PD or VCSEL and photodiode row The cloth spacing is 0.25 ⁇ 5mm.
  • the first focusing array 14 includes a right-angled triangular prism and a plurality of first aspherical lenses 141, the right-angled surface of the right-angled triangular prism is an incident surface, the other right-angled surface is an exit surface, and the inclined surface is a reflective surface, and a plurality of aspherical lenses 141 are juxtaposed on one of them It is used to receive the collimated optical signal transmitted by the transmitter or to collimate the optical signal output by the VCSEL 12 at the right angle surface.
  • the other right-angled surface of the right-angled triangular prism of the second focusing lens 24 is opposed to the plurality of photodiodes 22 and at least one VCSEL 23 on the receiving end.
  • the other right-angle surface of the right-angled triangular prism of the first focusing lens array 14 corresponds to a plurality of VCSELs on the emitting end 12
  • At least one photodiode 11 is provided with a plurality of second aspheric lenses 142
  • the other right-angle surface of the right-angled triangular prism of the second focusing lens array corresponds to a plurality of photodiodes 22 on the receiving end
  • at least one VCSEL 23 is provided with a number of Two aspheric lenses.
  • the first focusing lens array 14 and the second focusing lens array 24 are not limited to the two.
  • the first focusing lens array 14 at the transmitting end and the second focusing lens at the receiving end may also be an array group formed by spherical lenses or aspheric lenses.
  • the first focusing lens array 14 at the transmitting end and the second focusing lens array 24 at the receiving end are both spherical lenses or aspherical lenses that are integrally formed by processing, injection molding, molding or photolithography; the surface of the lens can be used according to the usage Choose to plate optical antireflection coating.
  • an array consisting of 5 VCSELs with the same operating wavelength at the transmitting end is shown.
  • the distance between each VCSEL is 0.25mm, and the laser (wavelength is ⁇ 10nm) into the collimating optical system formed by the first focusing lens array 14, select the position of the VCSEL array away from the collimating optical system to be on the focal plane of the lens, and then set the luminous point of each VCSEL to be placed symmetrically on the focal plane of the lens
  • the beam emitted by the VCSEL under different fields of view will be collimated and emitted at different angles from the main axis; considering that the angle of the maximum field of view cannot be too large, the actual design should consider the spacing between the VCSELs as small as possible, collimating
  • the focal length of the optical lens is as large as possible.
  • PD photodiode 13
  • the receiving end contains 5 laser signals of different wavelengths (the wavelengths are ⁇ 2 ⁇ 10nm, ⁇ 3 ⁇ 10nm, ⁇ 4 ⁇ 10nm, ⁇ 5 ⁇ 10nm, ⁇ 26 ⁇ 10nm),
  • the function of the second Z-BLOCK type prism 32 is the opposite of the function of the first Z-BLOCK type prism 31, which can be used here Realize the function of wavelength demultiplexing (DEMUX).
  • the first Z-BLOCK prism 31 After receiving the signal light from the five VCSELs 12 at the transmitting end, the first Z-BLOCK prism 31 forms a multi-wavelength composite light after being folded back in the first Z-BLOCK prism 31, and then is converted by the second Z-BLOCK prism 32 is received at the incident end. Finally, after being folded back in the second Z-BLOCK prism 32, a collimated beam composed of 5 wavelengths will be demultiplexed into 5 collimated beams with different wavelengths, After the second focusing lens array 24, it is focused on the corresponding five PDs to complete the signal reception.
  • a VCSEL wavelength ⁇ 1 ⁇ 10nm
  • the collimating optical array here the second focusing lens array 24 is reversed to the collimating optical array
  • the second Z-BLOCK type prism 32 After that, the collimated light is transmitted in free space, and finally received by the transmitter as a feedback signal.
  • VCSEL/PD focusing lens array (to achieve collimation of signal light input in one direction and focusing of signal light input in the other direction), and Z-BLOCK can be realized by designing glass or plastic transition pieces Real-time alignment or pre-alignment, and then use UV or thermosetting glue to bond and assemble it on the PCB, respectively composed of the transmitter and receiver components, the assembly process can be automated, low cost, and easy mass production.
  • this embodiment is substantially the same as Embodiment 1, except that this embodiment uses a band-pass filter array 31 to replace the first Z-BLOCK type prism and the second Z of Embodiment 1.
  • the band-pass filter array 31 is provided at the receiving end, the band-pass filter array 31 is provided with filters 32 with different operating wavelengths and is opposite to the second focusing lens array 24, and the The multiple VCSELs 12 on the first printed circuit board 11 emit signal light of different operating wavelengths, collimated by the first focusing lens array 14 and input to the corresponding filters 32 of the corresponding band-pass filter array 31, by The filter 32 transmits the signal light suitable for its working wavelength (the band-pass filter can pass the optical signal of the required wavelength, and the unnecessary optical signal is isolated), and the band-pass filter array 31 will emit The signal light output by the terminal is divided into different wavelengths and is incident on the different photodiodes 22 on the second printed circuit board 21 at the receiving end through the second lens array 24.
  • the VCSEL 23 at the receiving end is received by the photodiode 22
  • the signal light to the transmitting end emits feedback signal light and passes through the band-pass filter array 31 in the reverse direction, and then transmits to the photodiode 13 on the transmitting end.
  • the signal-to-noise ratio requirement is not high, this embodiment can be canceled.
  • the band-pass filter array 31 directly faces the receiving end and the transmitting end, and the signal light of different wavelengths emitted by the multiple VCSELs 12 on the transmitting end is directly input to the multiple photodiodes 12 corresponding to the receiving end.
  • the receiving end does not require a band-pass filter array.
  • the light emitted by the transmitter is collimated light, there is no need to transmit through waveguides such as optical fibers. After a short and medium distance transmission in free space, the size and shape of the light spot change little, and it can enter the receiver with low loss, thereby achieving high-speed signals Free space interconnection.
  • the arrangement distance between adjacent VCSELs or adjacent PDs between the receiving end or the transmitting end or between the VCSEL and the photodiode is 0.5 to 5 mm.
  • the VCSELs of the receiving end and the transmitting end and the photodiode (PD) The arrangement form is not limited to the single-row or single-row form shown in this embodiment, but can also be a multi-row multi-row N ⁇ M matrix array form, and the arrangement form of the filter 32 of the band pass filter array 31 and Corresponding.
  • the thickness of the band-pass filter 32 at the receiving end is 0.2 to 3 mm
  • the base material may be optical glass, crystal, Si, or plastic, one side of which is coated with an optical band-pass filter film, and the other side is coated with AR coating.
  • the band-pass filter 32 at the receiving end may be glued to a long glass substrate, the refractive index of the glue is selected to match the glass substrate, and the non-bonded surface of the glass substrate may be coated with an antireflection film Reduce insertion loss.
  • the collimated light beam exiting from the emitting end contains 5 lasers of different wavelengths (the wavelengths are ⁇ 2 ⁇ 10nm, ⁇ 3 ⁇ 10nm, ⁇ 4 ⁇ 10nm, ⁇ 5 ⁇ 10nm, ⁇ 6 ⁇ 10nm ), incident on the band-pass filter array 31 from the direction of the transmitting end, the band-pass filter can pass the optical signal of the desired channel wavelength, and the optical signals of other wavelengths are isolated, thereby reducing the crosstalk of adjacent channels and the total
  • the function of crosstalk improves the signal-to-noise ratio of the received signal;
  • the collimated light passing through the band-pass filter array 31 is incident on the second focusing lens array 24, after passing through the second focusing lens array 24, it is focused on the optical focus On the PD on the focal plane of the array (ie, on the multiple photodiodes 22 at the receiving end).
  • a VCSEL 23 at the receiving end emits laser light with a wavelength of ⁇ 1 ⁇ 10 nm as a feedback laser signal, which passes through a collimating optical array (here, the second focusing lens array 24 is reversed to be a collimating optical array) and a band-pass filter array 31 After that, the collimated light is transmitted in free space, and finally received by the transmitter as a feedback signal.
  • a collimating optical array here, the second focusing lens array 24 is reversed to be a collimating optical array
  • a band-pass filter array 31 After that, the collimated light is transmitted in free space, and finally received by the transmitter as a feedback signal.
  • This embodiment is another embodiment of the scheme idea of the present invention. Referring to one of FIG. 8 to FIG. 12, it includes:
  • a transmitting end includes a plurality of VCSELs 12, at least one photodiode 13, a first optical system 14, and a first printed circuit board 11, the plurality of VCSELs 12 and photodiodes 13 are arranged in an array in the first On a printed circuit board 11, the incident end of the first optical system 14 is opposed to a plurality of VCSELs 12 and photodiodes 13 and is used to collimate or focus the received signal light;
  • a receiving end includes a plurality of photodiodes 22, at least one VCSEL 23, a second optical system 25 and a second printed circuit board 21, the plurality of photodiodes 22 and VCSEL 23 are arranged in an array in the first On the second printed circuit board 21, the incident end of the second optical system 25 is used to receive the optical signal from the exit end of the first optical system 14, and the exit end of the second optical system 25 and the plurality of photodiodes 22 and VCSEL 23 Opposite and used to collimate or focus the received signal light;
  • the signal light emitted by the plurality of VCSELs 12 at the transmitting end enters the first optical system 14 from the incident end of the first optical system 14 and is collimated into collimated signal light, then it is refracted through the output end of the first optical system 14 and input to the first optical system 14
  • the output end of the second optical system 25 focuses the collimated signal light into a plurality of photodiodes 22 corresponding to the receiving end, and the VCSEL on the receiving end 23 is used to emit the feedback signal light, and the feedback signal light is reversely input into the second optical system 25 and collimated, then refracted by the exit end of the second optical system 25 and reversely input into the first optical system 14, and then
  • the first optical system 14 focuses input to the photodiode 11 at the emitting end.
  • the structure of the first optical system 14 and the second optical system 25 are the same, and each includes a right-angled triangular prism and a collimating lens, focusing on FIGS. 9 to 11, which shows the structure of the second optical system 25, so
  • One end surface of the collimating lens is a flat portion and is in contact with the right angle surface of the right angle triangular prism 26, the other end surface of the collimating lens is an arc surface, the inclined surface of the right angle triangular prism 26 is a reflecting surface, and the other side of the right angle triangular prism 26 is The rectangular plane is opposed to the plurality of photodiodes 22 and at least one VCSEL 23 on the receiving end.
  • the right-angled triangular prism of the first optical system 14 is opposite to the plurality of VCSELs 12 and the at least one photodiode 11 on the transmitting end.
  • the system and the second optical system can focus the collimated light of different fields of view, respectively focusing on the PD (photodiode) of different field of view positions in the focal plane, and at the same time can reversely realize the diverging light emitted by the VCSEL on the focal plane Perform collimation.
  • the receiving end further includes a spacer 24, the spacer 24 is disposed between the second printed circuit board 21 and the second optical system 25, and the spacer 24 is provided with an array of light transmission holes 241
  • the through holes on the light transmission hole array 241 correspond to the photodiodes 22 and at least one VCSEL 23 on the receiving end.
  • the light transmission hole array 241 on the spacer 24 can block the optical signals of other fields of view and enhance the optical signals Signal-to-noise ratio.
  • the thickness of the spacer 24 at the receiving end is 0.1 to 1 mm, and the base material may be optical glass, crystal, or Si; when the small holes in the light-transmitting hole array 241 are through holes, the base material is selected to be opaque to the VCSEL wavelength
  • the through holes can be made by machining or photolithography; the array of small holes can also be made into patterns.
  • the material of the substrate is selected to be a material that transmits high VCSEL wavelengths.
  • the small holes in the small hole pattern are coated with anti-reflection coatings , Absorbing film or barrier film is coated outside the hole, small hole pattern and coating can be made by optical mask and coating method; the diameter of the small hole is 0.01 ⁇ 0.25mm, the array interval is 0.25 ⁇ 0.5mm.
  • the multiple VCSELs 12 on the transmitting end of the structure of this embodiment are configured to generate multiple optical signals of the same wavelength, the wavelength range covers 600 nm to 1400 nm, and the multiple photodiodes 22 (PD) on the transmitting end It is configured to receive the optical signal emitted by VCSEL.
  • the first optical system at the transmitting end and the second optical system at the receiving end form an optical conjugate, which can realize the transmission and reception of the optical signal corresponding to the one-to-one correspondence between the transmitting end and the receiving end.
  • the transmitter and receiver can also be packaged through a shell.
  • the transmitting end has 3 to 14 VCSELs and at least one PD; the receiving end has 3 to 14 PDs and at least one VCSEL.
  • the arrangement distance between adjacent VCSELs or between adjacent PDs or between VCSELs and photodiodes at the receiving end or the transmitting end is 0.25 to 0.5 mm
  • the transmitting end is a 6-channel transmitting end, which has 5 VCSELs 12 and 1 photodiode 13 (PD), and the receiving end is a 6-channel receiving end, which has 5 photodiodes 22 and 1 VCSEL23;
  • the layout of the VCSEL and photodiode (PD) at the receiving end and the transmitting end is not limited to the single row or single column form shown in this embodiment, but can also be a multi-row multi-row N ⁇ M matrix array In the same way, the arrangement of the small holes on the light transmission hole array 241 corresponds to it. .
  • the transmitting end contains 5 VCSELs 12 of the same wavelength to form an array
  • the distance between each VCSEL 12 is 0.25mm
  • the emitted signal laser (wavelength is ⁇ 10nm) enters the first optical system 14
  • set the luminous point of each VCSEL 12 to be symmetrically placed on the focal plane of the lens.
  • the light beam emitted by VCSEL 12 will be collimated under different fields of view , And at different angles from the main axis; considering that the angle of the maximum field of view cannot be too large, in actual design, the distance between VCSELs should be as small as possible, and the focal length of the collimating optical lens should be as large as possible;
  • the collimated beam (wavelength ⁇ 10nm), as a feedback laser signal, is focused on the PD placed on the focal plane of the lens after passing through the lens in the collimating optical system, so that the feedback signal is collected and received.

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Abstract

基于VCSEL的自由空间有源光学收发组件，包括一发射端，发射端包括多个VCSEL(12)、至少一个光电二极管(13)、第一聚焦透镜阵列(14)或第一光学系统(14)和第一印刷电路板(11)，一接收端，接收端包括多个光电二极管(22)、至少一个VCSEL(23)、第二聚焦透镜阵列(24) 或第二光学系统(25)和第二印刷电路板(21)，可实现近中距离自由空间(无线)高速光通信信号的发射和接收，单通道收发速率可以达到10Gbps以上；其可用于短、中程高清晰度多媒体接口(HDMI)器件中实现自由空间高速信号传输功能，另外，还具有自由空间连接、传输速率高、成本低、尺寸小、易装配和量产等特点，具有广阔的市场前景。

Description

基于VCSEL的自由空间有源光学收发组件 技术领域
本发明方案属于光通讯、激光或显示器件领域，尤其是基于VCSEL的自由空间有源光学收发组件。
背景技术
在光通信中，几乎所有光收发器的发射端和接收端都是要通过光纤来连接的，光纤包括单模光纤、多模光纤和塑料光纤等。虽然光纤连接具有损耗低、受外界环境干扰小、传输方向可以随时改变等优点，非常适用于传统光通信的连接，但是在未来短、中距离的应用场景中，由于光纤存在容易折断、布线繁琐和影响美观等缺点，自由空间光信号传输方案正在受到人们越来越多的重视和采用，未来有望在很多短中距离领域取代光纤传输，这其中的重要应用场景就包括高清超大屏幕4K和8K电视、VR和AR等多媒体设备。
发明内容
针对现有技术的情况，本发明的目的在于提供一种成本低、尺寸小、传输速率高且可实现中短程HDMI器件中自由空间高速信号传输的基于VCSEL的自由空间有源光学收发组件。
为了实现上述的技术目的，本发明采用的技术方案为：
基于VCSEL的自由空间有源光学收发组件，其包括：
一发射端，所述的发射端包括多个VCSEL、至少一个光电二极管、第一聚焦透镜阵列和第一印刷电路板，所述的多个VCSEL和光电二极管呈阵列布设于第一印刷电路板上，所述的第一聚焦透镜阵列与多个VCSEL和光电二极管一一相对且用于将发射出的信号光准直或接收到的信号光聚焦；
一接收端，所述的接收端包括多个光电二极管、至少一个VCSEL、第二聚焦透镜阵列和第二印刷电路板，所述的多个光电二极管和VCSEL呈阵列布设于第二印刷电路板上，所述的第二聚焦透镜阵列与多个光电二极管和VCSEL一一相对且用于将接收到的信号光聚焦或发射 出的信号光准直；
当发射端的多个VCSEL发出的信号光对应射入到第一聚焦透镜阵列上时，被准直成准直信号光，然后输入到接收端的第二聚焦透镜阵列上，继而被第二聚焦透镜阵列对应聚焦输入到接收端对应的多个光电二极管上，接收端上的VCSEL用于发射反馈信号光，且反馈信号光逆向输入到第二聚焦透镜阵列上并被准直传输至第一聚焦透镜阵列，然后被第一聚焦透镜阵列聚焦输入到发射端的光电二极管上。
进一步，所述发射端的多个VCSEL和至少一个光电二极管为并列布设于第一印刷电路板上，所述接收端的多个光电二极管和至少一个VCSEL为并列布设于第二印刷电路板上。
进一步，所述的发射端具有3～14个VCSEL和至少一个光电二极管；所述的接收端具有3～14个光电二极管和至少一个VCSEL。
进一步，所述的第一聚焦透镜阵列和第二聚焦透镜阵列的结构相同，其均包括直角三棱柱和若干第一非球面透镜，所述直角三棱柱的一直角面为入射面，另一直角面为出射面，斜面为反射面，若干非球面透镜并列设于其中一直角面上且用于接收发射端传输的准直光信号或将发射端的VCSEL输出的光信号准直，直角三棱柱的另一直角面与发射端上的多个VCSEL、至少一个光电二极管相对或与接收端上的多个光电二极管、至少一个VCSEL相对。
优选的，所述直角三棱柱的另一直角面上对应发射端上的多个VCSEL、至少一个光电二极管或接收端上的多个光电二极管、至少一个VCSEL设有若干第二非球面透镜。
作为一种实施方式，其还包括第一Z-block型棱镜和第二Z-block型棱镜，所述的第一Z-block型棱镜具有多个入射面和一出射端，且多个入射面上分别设有不同工作波长的WDM滤光片，其分别与第一聚焦透镜阵列相对并与发射端上的多个VCSEL和光电二极管一一对应，用于接收不同VCSEL发出的信号光并输入第一Z-block型棱镜中，然后经由出射端出射至接收端，第一Z-block型棱镜的出射端所在端面的对应区域设有增透膜，其余区域设有高反膜，第一Z-block型棱镜的其中一入射面与发射端的光电二极管对应且其接收到接收端的 反馈信号光后，逆向穿过入射面并射入对应的第一聚焦透镜阵列上；所述的第二Z-block型棱镜具有多个出射面和一入射端，第二Z-block型棱镜的多个出射面上亦设有多个不同工作波长的WDM滤光片，其分别与第二聚焦透镜阵列相对并与接收端上的多个光电二极管和VCSEL一一对应，第二Z-block型棱镜的入射端用于接收第一Z-block型棱镜出射的信号光并将信号光从其多个出射面对应射入到第二聚焦透镜阵列中；第二Z-block型棱镜的入射端所在端面的对应区域设有增透膜，其余区域设有高反膜，第二Z-block型棱镜的其中一出射面与接收端的VCSEL对应且用于接收VCSEL发出的反馈信号光并逆向穿过出射面，继而从第二Z-block型棱镜的入射端逆向输出。
作为另一种实施方式，其还包括带通滤光片阵列，所述的带通滤光片阵列设于接收端，带通滤光片阵列上设有不同工作波长的滤光片且与第二聚焦透镜阵列相对并将发射端输出的信号光分为不同波长并经由第二透镜阵列对应射入到位于接收端的不同光电二极管上，接收端上的VCSEL所发出的反馈信号光逆向穿过带通滤光片阵列并传输至发射端上的光电二极管上。
作为本发明方案思想的另一种实施方案，其可以是如下结构：
基于VCSEL的自由空间有源光学收发组件，其包括：
一发射端，所述的发射端包括多个VCSEL、至少一个光电二极管、第一光学系统和第一印刷电路板，所述的多个VCSEL和光电二极管呈阵列布设于第一印刷电路板上，所述第一光学系统的入射端与多个VCSEL和光电二极管相对且用于将发射出的信号光准直或接收到的信号光聚焦；
一接收端，所述的接收端包括多个光电二极管、至少一个VCSEL、第二光学系统和第二印刷电路板，所述的多个光电二极管和VCSEL呈阵列布设于第二印刷电路板上，所述的第二光学系统的入射端用于接收第一光学系统出射端传出的光信号，第二光学系统的出射端与多个光电二极管和VCSEL相对且用于将接收到的信号光聚焦或发射出的信号光准直；
当发射端的多个VCSEL发出的信号光从第一光学系统的入射端进入第一光学系统，并被准直成准直信号光，然后经由第一光学系统的出射端折射输入第二光学系统的入射端上并进入第二光学系统，由第二光学系统的出射端将准直信号光对应聚焦输入到接收端对应的多个光电二极管上，接收端上的VCSEL用于发射反馈信号光，且反馈信号光逆向输入到第二光学系统中并被准直，然后由第二光学系统的出射端折射并逆向输入到第一光学系统中，然后被第一光学系统聚焦输入到发射端的光电二极管上。
进一步，所述的第一光学系统和第二光学系统结构相同，均包括直角三棱柱和准直透镜，所述准直透镜的一端面为平面部且与直角三棱柱的一直角面相贴，准直透镜的另一端面为弧形面，直角三棱柱的斜面为反射面，直角三棱柱的另一直角面与发射端上的多个VCSEL、至少一个光电二极管相对或与接收端上的多个光电二极管、至少一个VCSEL相对。
进一步，所述的接收端还包括间隔片，所述的间隔片设于第二印刷电路板和第二光学系统之间，所述的间隔片上设有透光孔阵列且透光孔阵列上的通孔与接收端的多个光电二极管、至少一个VCSEL一一对应。
采用上述的技术方案，本发明方案相较于现有技术而言，其具有的有益效果为：本发明方案提出了基于垂直腔面发射激光器(VCSEL)的自由空间有源光学收发组件，可实现近中距离自由空间(无线)高速光通信信号的发射和接收，单通道收发速率可以达到10G bps以上；其可用于短、中程高清晰度多媒体接口(HDMI)器件中实现自由空间高速信号传输功能，另外，本发明方案还具有自由空间连接、传输速率高、成本低、尺寸小、易装配和量产等特点，具有广阔的市场前景。
附图说明
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明方案做进一步的阐述：
图1为本发明实施例1的发射端的简要实施结构示意图；
图2为本发明实施例1的接收端的简要实施结构示意图；
图3为本发明实施例1的第一聚焦透镜的简要实施结构之一的示意图；
图4为图3所示第一聚焦透镜的简要三维视角实施结构示意图；
图5为本发明实施例1的第一聚焦透镜的简要实施结构之二的示意图；
图6为图5所示第一聚焦透镜的简要三维视角实施结构示意图；
图7为本发明实施例2的发射端和接收端的简要实施结构示意图；
图8为本发明实施例3的发射端和接收端的简要实施结构示意图；
图9为本发明实施例3的第一光学系统的简要实施结构示意图；
图10为图9所示A-A处的剖切结构示意图；
图11为图9所示第一光学系统的简要三维视角实施结构示意图；
图12为本发明实施例3的间隔片的简要实施结构示意图。
具体实施方式
实施例1
如图1至2之一所示，本实施例基于VCSEL的自由空间有源光学收发组件，其包括：
一发射端，所述的发射端包括多个VCSEL 12、至少一个光电二极管13、第一聚焦透镜阵列14和第一印刷电路板11，所述的多个VCSEL 12和光电二极管13呈阵列布设于第一印刷电路板11上，所述的第一聚焦透镜阵列14与多个VCSEL 12和光电二极管13一一相对且用于将发射出的信号光准直或接收到的信号光聚焦；
一接收端，所述的接收端包括多个光电二极管22、至少一个VCSEL 23、第二聚焦透镜阵列24和第二印刷电路板21，所述的多个光电二极管22和VCSEL 23呈阵列布设于第二印刷电路板21上，所述的第二聚焦透镜阵列24与多个光电二极管22和VCSEL 23一一相对且用于将接收到的信号光聚焦或发射出的信号光准直；
当发射端的多个VCSEL 12发出的信号光对应射入到第一聚焦透镜阵列14上时，被准直成准直信号光，然后输入到接收端的第二聚焦透镜阵列24上，继而被第二聚焦透镜阵列24对应 聚焦输入到接收端对应的多个光电二极管22上，接收端上的VCSEL 23用于发射反馈信号光，且反馈信号光逆向输入到第二聚焦透镜阵列24上并被准直传输至第一聚焦透镜阵列14，然后被第一聚焦透镜阵列14聚焦输入到发射端的光电二极管13上。
其中，本实施例结构还包括第一Z-block型棱镜31和第二Z-block型棱镜32，所述的第一Z-block型棱镜31具有多个入射面和一出射端，且多个入射面上分别设有不同工作波长的WDM滤光片311，其分别与第一聚焦透镜阵列14相对并与发射端上的多个VCSEL 12和光电二极管11一一对应，用于接收不同VCSEL 12发出的信号光并输入第一Z-block型棱镜31中，然后经由出射端出射至接收端，第一Z-block型棱镜31的出射端所在端面的对应区域设有增透膜312，其余区域设有高反膜313，第一Z-block型棱镜31的其中一入射面与发射端的光电二极管13对应且第一Z-block型棱镜31接收到接收端的反馈信号光后，逆向穿过入射面并射入对应的第一聚焦透镜阵列14上，由第一聚焦阵列14将反馈信号光聚焦输入到发射端的光电二极管13上；所述的第二Z-block型棱镜32具有多个出射面和一入射端，第二Z-block型棱镜32的多个出射面上亦设有多个不同工作波长的WDM滤光片321，其分别与第二聚焦透镜阵列24相对并与接收端上的多个光电二极管22和VCSEL 23一一对应，第二Z-block型棱镜32的入射端用于接收第一Z-block型棱镜31出射的信号光并将信号光从其多个出射面对应射入到第二聚焦透镜阵列24中，再由第二聚焦透镜阵列24将信号光对应输入到接收端上的多个光电二极管22；第二Z-block型棱镜32的入射端所在端面的对应区域设有增透膜322，其余区域设有高反膜323，第二Z-block型棱镜32的其中一出射面与接收端的VCSEL 23对应且用于接收VCSEL 23发出的反馈信号光并逆向穿过出射面，继而从第二Z-block型棱镜32的入射端逆向输出并传输至发射端。
优选的，对应发射端设置的第一Z-BLOCK型棱镜14和对应接收端设置的第二Z-BLOCK型棱镜24的厚度均为0.5～20mm，其与发射端的VCSEL 12或接收端的光电二极管22(PD)呈6°～45°的角度倾斜设置。
所述的第一Z-BLOCK型棱镜31和第二Z-BLOCK型棱镜32被配置用于光学组件发射端的合光(MUX)功能和接收端的分光(DEMUX)功能。
因为发射端所发出的是准直光，无需经过光纤等波导传输，在自由空间经过短中距离传输后，进入接收端，进而实现高速信号的自由空间互联。
另外，输出端和输入端还可以各通过一壳体进行封装，对应设置的第一Z-BLOCK型棱镜31和第二Z-BLOCK型棱镜32也分别被输入端和输出端封装其中。
进一步，所述发射端的多个VCSEL 12和至少一个光电二极管13为并列布设于第一印刷电路板11上，所述接收端的多个光电二极管22和至少一个VCSEL 23为并列布设于第二印刷电路板21上，所述的第一印刷电路板11和第二印刷电路板21上均对应集成有用于驱动VCSEL和光电二极管的驱动电路、接收器集成电路和微控制器，而VCSEL和光电二极管采用贴片的形式装配于第一印刷电路板11和第二印刷电路板21，由于在第一印刷电路板11和第二印刷电路板21上集成驱动电路、接收器集成电路和微控制器已是现有的常用技术，因此便不再赘述。
进一步，所述的发射端具有3～14个VCSEL 12和至少一个光电二极管11；所述多个VCSEL 12、23被配置用于产生多个不同波长的光信号，波长范围覆盖600nm～1400nm，波长通道间隔为20～100nm；此处典型的多个VCSEL 12、23工作波长为825nm，850nm，910nm，940nm，970nm和1000nm；所述PD(光电二极管11、22)被配置用于接收VCSEL发射的光信号；所述的接收端具有3～14个发光二极管22和至少一个VCSEL 23，优选的，所述接收端或发射端的相邻VCSEL之间或相邻PD之间或VCSEL与光电二极管之间的排布间距为0.25～5mm。
作为聚焦透镜阵列的其中一种实施方式，进一步结合参见图3和图4，在本实施例中，所述的第一聚焦透镜阵列14和第二聚焦透镜阵列24的结构相同，第一聚焦阵列14包括直角三棱柱和若干第一非球面透镜141，所述直角三棱柱的一直角面为入射面，另一直角面为出 射面，斜面为反射面，若干非球面透镜141并列设于其中一直角面上且用于接收发射端传输的准直光信号或将发射端的VCSEL 12输出的光信号准直，直角三棱柱的另一直角面与发射端上的多个VCSEL 12、至少一个光电二极管11，第二聚焦透镜24的直角三棱柱的另一直角面与接收端上的多个光电二极管22、至少一个VCSEL 23相对。
作为图3和图4所示聚焦透镜阵列的进一步实施，参见图5和图6，优选的，第一聚焦透镜阵列14的直角三棱柱的另一直角面上对应发射端上的多个VCSEL 12、至少一个光电二极管11设有若干第二非球面透镜142，第二聚焦透镜阵列的直角三棱柱的另一直角面上对应接收端上的多个光电二极管22、至少一个VCSEL 23设有若干第二非球面透镜。
前述虽然公开了第一聚焦透镜阵列14和第二聚焦透镜阵列24的两种实施结构，但其并不局限于该两种，优选的，所述发射端的第一聚焦透镜阵列14和接收端的第二聚焦透镜阵列24还可以是均为球面透镜或非球面透镜形成的阵列组。
进一步优选的，所述发射端的第一聚焦透镜阵列14和接收端的第二聚焦透镜阵列24均为加工、注塑、模压或光刻一体成型的球面透镜或非球面透镜；透镜的表面可以根据使用情况选择镀光学增透膜。
在本实施例的发射端图示中，示出了发射端具有5个相同工作波长的VCSEL 12组成的阵列，其中，每个VCSEL的间距为0.25mm，其所发出的激光(波长为λ±10nm)进入第一聚焦透镜阵列14所形成的准直光学系统中，选择VCSEL阵列离准直光学系统的位置处于透镜的焦平面上，此时设置每个VCSEL的发光点对称放置于透镜焦平面上，不同视场下VCSEL发出的光束将会被准直，并与主轴成不同角度出射；考虑到最大视场的角度不能太大，实际设计时尽量考虑VCSEL之间的间距尽量小，准直光学透镜的焦距尽量大。而从接收端传输过来的准直光束(波长为λ±10nm)，作为反馈激光信号，经过准直光学系统中的透镜后，被聚焦在放置于透镜焦平面上的光电二极管13(PD)上，使反馈信号被收集和接收。
在本实施例的接收端图示中，示出了接收端包含有5个不同波长的激光信号(波长分别为λ2±10nm，λ3±10nm，λ4±10nm，λ5±10nm，λ26±10nm)，其从发射端入射到接收端的第二Z-BLOCK型棱镜32后，如前所述，第二Z-BLOCK型棱镜32的功能与第一Z-BLOCK型棱镜31的功能正好相反，在此可以实现波长解复用(DEMUX)的功能。第一Z-BLOCK型棱镜31接收到发射端的5个VCSEL 12发出的信号光后，在第一Z-BLOCK型棱镜31中折返后形成一多波长复合光，然后被第二Z-BLOCK型棱镜32的入射端接收，最终，在第二Z-BLOCK型棱镜32里面经过折返后，一个由5个波长组成的准直光束将会被解复用为5个波长不同的准直光束，经过第二聚焦透镜阵列24后，被聚焦在对应的5个PD上，完成信号接收。此处的1个VCSEL(波长为λ1±10nm)，作为反馈激光信号，经过准直光学阵列(此处第二聚焦透镜阵列24逆向则为准直光学阵列)和第二Z-BLOCK型棱镜32后，以准直光在自由空间传输，最终由发射端接收作为反馈信号。
本实施例中，VCSEL/PD、聚焦透镜阵列(对一方向输入的信号光实现准直，另一方向输入的信号光实现聚焦)、Z-BLOCK之间可以通过设计玻璃或塑料过渡件，实现实时对准或预先对准，然后再用紫外或热固化胶水将其粘结装配在PCB上，分别组成发射端组件和接收端组件，装配过程可实现自动化、成本低、易量产。
实施例2
参见图7所示，本实施例与实施例1大致相同，其不同之处在于，本实施例采用带通滤光片阵列31进行替代实施例1的第一Z-BLOCK型棱镜和第二Z-BLOCK型棱镜，所述的带通滤光片阵列31设于接收端，带通滤光片阵列31上设有不同工作波长的滤光片32且与第二聚焦透镜阵列24相对，发射端的第一印刷电路板11上的多个VCSEL 12发射出不同工作波长的信号光，经第一聚焦透镜阵列14准直后输入至对应带通滤光片阵列31的对应滤光片32上，由滤光片32将与其工作波长相适应的信号光透过(带通滤光片可以实现让所需要波长的光信 号通过，不需要的光信号隔离)，通过带通滤光片阵列31将发射端输出的信号光分为不同波长并经由第二透镜阵列24对应射入到位于接收端第二印刷电路板21上的不同光电二极管22上，接收端上的VCSEL 23在光电二级管22接收到发射端的信号光户，发出反馈信号光并逆向穿过带通滤光片阵列31，然后传输至发射端上的光电二极管13上，当信噪比要求不高时，可以取消本实施例的带通滤光片阵列31，即直接让接收端和发射端相对，发射端上的多个VCSEL 12发出的不同波长的信号光直接输入到接收端对应的多个光电二极管12上。
当发射端的多个VCSEL 12被配置用于产生多个相同波长的光信号，波长范围覆盖600nm～1400nm时，接收端不需要带通滤光片阵列。
因为发射端所发出的是准直光，无需经过光纤等波导传输，在自由空间经过短中距离传输后，光斑的大小和形貌变化很小，可以低损耗的进入接收端，进而实现高速信号的自由空间互联。
优选的，所述接收端或发射端的相邻VCSEL之间或相邻PD之间或VCSEL与光电二极管之间的排布间距为0.5～5mm，另外，接收端和发射端的VCSEL与光电二极管(PD)的布设形式并不局限于本实施例图示的单排或单列的形式，还可以为多排多列的N×M矩阵阵列形式，同样带通滤光片阵列31的滤光片32布设形式与之对应。
优选的，所述接收端的带通滤光片32的厚度均为0.2～3mm，其基底材料可以为光学玻璃、晶体、Si或塑料，其一面镀有光学带通滤光膜，另外一面镀有增透膜。
进一步优选的，所述接收端的带通滤光片32可以用胶水粘结在一个长条玻璃基板上，选择胶水的折射率与玻璃基板相匹配，玻璃基板的非粘结面可以镀增透膜降低插入损耗。
本实施例结构的具体工作流程为：从发射端出射的准直光束，包含有5个不同波长的激光(波长分别为λ2±10nm，λ3±10nm，λ4±10nm，λ5±10nm，λ6±10nm)，从发射端方向入射到带通滤光片阵列31上，带通滤光片可以让所需通道波长的光信号通过，其他波长的光信号被隔离，进而实现降低相邻通道串扰和总串扰的功能，提升接收信号的信 噪比；通过带通滤光片阵列31的准直光，入射到第二聚焦透镜阵列24中，经过第二聚焦透镜阵列24后被聚焦在设置于光学聚焦阵列焦平面上的PD上(即接收端的多个光电二极管22上)。接收端的1个VCSEL 23发出波长为λ1±10nm的激光，作为反馈激光信号，经过准直光学阵列(此处第二聚焦透镜阵列24逆向则为准直光学阵列)和带通滤光片阵列31后，以准直光在自由空间传输，最终由发射端接收作为反馈信号。
实施例3
本实施例为本发明方案思想的另一种实施方案，参见图8至图12之一，其包括：
一发射端，所述的发射端包括多个VCSEL 12、至少一个光电二极管13、第一光学系统14和第一印刷电路板11，所述的多个VCSEL 12和光电二极管13呈阵列布设于第一印刷电路板11上，所述第一光学系统14的入射端与多个VCSEL 12和光电二极管13相对且用于将接收到的信号光准直或聚焦；
一接收端，所述的接收端包括多个光电二极管22、至少一个VCSEL 23、第二光学系统25和第二印刷电路板21，所述的多个光电二极管22和VCSEL 23呈阵列布设于第二印刷电路板21上，所述的第二光学系统25的入射端用于接收第一光学系统14出射端传出的光信号，第二光学系统25的出射端与多个光电二极管22和VCSEL 23相对且用于将接收到的信号光准直或聚焦；
由于在第一印刷电路板11和第二印刷电路板21上集成驱动电路、接收器集成电路和微控制器已是现有的常用技术，因此便不再赘述。
当发射端的多个VCSEL 12发出的信号光从第一光学系统14的入射端进入第一光学系统14，并被准直成准直信号光，然后经由第一光学系统14的出射端折射输入第二光学系统25的入射端上并进入第二光学系统25，由第二光学系统25的出射端将准直信号光对应聚焦输入到接收端对应的多个光电二极管22上，接收端上的VCSEL 23用于发射反馈信号光，且 反馈信号光逆向输入到第二光学系统25中并被准直，然后由第二光学系统25的出射端折射并逆向输入到第一光学系统14中，然后被第一光学系14统聚焦输入到发射端的光电二极管11上。
其中，所述的第一光学系统14和第二光学系统25结构相同，均包括直角三棱柱和准直透镜，着重参见图9至图11，其示出了第二光学系统25的结构，所述准直透镜的一端面为平面部且与直角三棱柱26的一直角面相贴，准直透镜的另一端面为弧形面，直角三棱柱26的斜面为反射面，直角三棱柱26的另一直角面与与接收端上的多个光电二极管22、至少一个VCSEL 23相对，第一光学系统14的直角三棱柱与发射端上的多个VCSEL 12、至少一个光电二极管11相对，第一光学系统和第二光学系统可以对不同视场的准直光进行聚焦，分别聚焦到焦平面不同视场位置的PD(光电二极管)上，同时可以逆向实现将其焦平面上VCSEL发出来的发散光进行准直。
另外，所述的接收端还包括间隔片24，所述的间隔片24设于第二印刷电路板21和第二光学系统25之间，所述的间隔片24上设有透光孔阵列241且透光孔阵列241上的通孔与接收端的多个光电二极管22、至少一个VCSEL 23一一对应，间隔片24上的透光孔阵列241可以实现阻挡其他视场的光信号，提升光信号的信噪比。
优选的，接收端的间隔片24厚度均为0.1～1mm，其基底材料可以为光学玻璃、晶体或Si；透光孔阵列241中的小孔为通孔时，此时基底材料选择不透VCSEL波长的材料，通孔可以用机械加工或光刻的方法做成；小孔阵列也可以做成图案，此时基底材料选择高透过VCSEL波长的材料，小孔图案的小孔内镀增透膜，孔外镀吸收膜或阻挡膜，小孔图案及镀膜可以用光学掩模和镀膜的方法做成；小孔直径均为0.01～0.25mm，阵列间隔为0.25～0.5mm。
除此之外，本实施例结构的发射端上的多个VCSEL 12被配置用于产生多个相同波长的光信号，波长范围覆盖600nm～1400nm，发射端上的多个光电二极管22(PD)被配置用于接收VCSEL发射的光信号。
所述的发射端的第一光学系统与接收端的第二光学系统形成光学共轭，可以实现发射端与接收端点对点一一对应的光信号发射和接收。
因为发射端所发出的是准直光，无需经过光纤等波导传输，在自由空间经过短中距离传输后，光斑的大小和形貌变化很小，可以低损耗的进入接收端，进而实现高速信号的自由空间互联；另外，发射端和接收端还可以各通过一壳体进行封装。
优选的，所述的发射端具有3～14个VCSEL和至少一个PD；所述的接收端具有3～14个PD和至少一个VCSEL。
进一步优选的，所述接收端或发射端的相邻VCSEL之间或相邻PD之间或VCSEL与光电二极管之间的排布间距为0.25～0.5mm，
本实施例的图示示出的发射端为6通道发射端，其具有5个VCSEL 12和1个光电二极管13(PD)，接收端为6通道接收端，具有5个光电二极管22和1个VCSEL 23；另外，接收端和发射端的VCSEL与光电二极管(PD)的布设形式并不局限于本实施例图示的单排或单列的形式，还可以为多排多列的N×M矩阵阵列形式，同样，透光孔阵列241上的小孔的布设形式与之对应。。
其具体工作流程为：发射端包含有5个相同波长的VCSEL 12形成阵列，每个VCSEL12之间的间距为0.25mm，所发出的信号激光(波长为λ±10nm)进入第一光学系统14，选择VCSEL阵列离第一光学系统14的位置处于透镜的焦平面上，此时设置每个VCSEL 12的发光点对称放置于透镜焦平面上，不同视场下VCSEL 12发出的光束将会被准直，并与主轴成不同角度出射；考虑到最大视场的角度不能太大，实际设计时应尽量考虑VCSEL之间的间距尽量小，准直光学透镜的焦距尽量大；而从接收端传输过来的准直光束(波长为λ±10nm)，作为反馈激光信号，经过准直光学系统中的透镜后，被聚焦在放置于透镜焦平面上的PD上，使反馈信号被收集和接收。
以上仅为本发明方案的较优实施方式的举例，对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，根据 本发明的教导，在不脱离本发明的原理和精神的情况下凡依本发明申请专利范围所做的均等变化、修改、替换和变型，皆应属本发明的涵盖范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 基于VCSEL的自由空间有源光学收发组件，其特征在于：其包括：
    一发射端，所述的发射端包括多个VCSEL、至少一个光电二极管、第一聚焦透镜阵列和第一印刷电路板，所述的多个VCSEL和光电二极管呈阵列布设于第一印刷电路板上，所述的第一聚焦透镜阵列与多个VCSEL和光电二极管一一相对且用于将发射出的信号光准直或接收到的信号光聚焦；
    一接收端，所述的接收端包括多个光电二极管、至少一个VCSEL、第二聚焦透镜阵列和第二印刷电路板，所述的多个光电二极管和VCSEL呈阵列布设于第二印刷电路板上，所述的第二聚焦透镜阵列与多个光电二极管和VCSEL一一相对且用于将接收到的信号光聚焦或发射出的信号光准直；
    当发射端的多个VCSEL发出的信号光对应射入到第一聚焦透镜阵列上时，被准直成准直信号光，然后输入到接收端的第二聚焦透镜阵列上，继而被第二聚焦透镜阵列对应聚焦输入到接收端对应的多个光电二极管上，接收端上的VCSEL用于发射反馈信号光，且反馈信号光逆向输入到第二聚焦透镜阵列上并被准直传输至第一聚焦透镜阵列，然后被第一聚焦透镜阵列聚焦输入到发射端的光电二极管上。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的基于VCSEL的自由空间有源光学收发组件，其特征在于：其还包括第一Z-block型棱镜和第二Z-block型棱镜，所述的第一Z-block型棱镜具有多个入射面和一出射端，且多个入射面上分别设有不同工作波长的WDM滤光片，其分别与第一聚焦透镜阵列相对并与发射端上的多个VCSEL和光电二极管一一对应，用于接收不同VCSEL发出的信号光并输入第一Z-block型棱镜中，然后经由出射端出射至接收端，第一Z-block型棱镜的出射端所在端面的对应区域设有增透膜，其余区域设有高反膜，第一Z-block型棱镜的其中一入射面与发射端的光电二极管对应且其接收到接收端的反馈信号光后，逆向穿过入射面并射入对应的第一聚焦透镜阵列上；所述的第二Z-block型棱镜具有多个出射面和一入射端，第二Z-block型棱镜的多个出射面上亦设有多个不同工作波长的WDM滤光片，其分别与第 二聚焦透镜阵列相对并与接收端上的多个光电二极管和VCSEL一一对应，第二Z-block型棱镜的入射端用于接收第一Z-block型棱镜出射的信号光并将信号光从其多个出射面对应射入到第二聚焦透镜阵列中；第二Z-block型棱镜的入射端所在端面的对应区域设有增透膜，其余区域设有高反膜，第二Z-block型棱镜的其中一出射面与接收端的VCSEL对应且用于接收VCSEL发出的反馈信号光并逆向穿过出射面，继而从第二Z-block型棱镜的入射端逆向输出。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的基于VCSEL的自由空间有源光学收发组件，其特征在于：其还包括带通滤光片阵列，所述的带通滤光片阵列设于接收端，带通滤光片阵列上设有不同工作波长的滤光片且与第二聚焦透镜阵列相对并将发射端输出的信号光分为不同波长并经由第二透镜阵列对应射入到位于接收端的不同光电二极管上，接收端上的VCSEL所发出的反馈信号光逆向穿过带通滤光片阵列并传输至发射端上的光电二极管上。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的基于VCSEL的自由空间有源光学收发组件，其特征在于：所述发射端的多个VCSEL和至少一个光电二极管为并列布设于第一印刷电路板上，所述接收端的多个光电二极管和至少一个VCSEL为并列布设于第二印刷电路板上。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的基于VCSEL的自由空间有源光学收发组件，其特征在于：所述的发射端具有3～14个VCSEL和至少一个光电二极管；所述的接收端具有3～14个光电二极管和至少一个VCSEL。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的基于VCSEL的自由空间有源光学收发组件，其特征在于：所述的第一聚焦透镜阵列和第二聚焦透镜阵列的结构相同，其均包括直角三棱柱和若干第一非球面透镜，所述直角三棱柱的一直角面为入射面，另一直角面为出射面，斜面为反射面，若干非球面透镜并列设于其中一直角面上且用于接收发射端传输的准直光信号或将发射端的VCSEL输出的光信号准直，直角三棱柱的另一直角面与发射端上的多个VCSEL、至少一个光电二极管相对或与接收端上的多个光电二极管、至少一个VCSEL相对。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的基于VCSEL的自由空间有源光学收发组件，其特征在于：所述直 角三棱柱的另一直角面上对应发射端上的多个VCSEL、至少一个光电二极管或接收端上的多个光电二极管、至少一个VCSEL设有若干第二非球面透镜。
  8. 基于VCSEL的自由空间有源光学收发组件，其特征在于：其包括：
    一发射端，所述的发射端包括多个VCSEL、至少一个光电二极管、第一光学系统和第一印刷电路板，所述的多个VCSEL和光电二极管呈阵列布设于第一印刷电路板上，所述第一光学系统的入射端与多个VCSEL和光电二极管相对且用于将发射出的信号光准直或接收到的信号光聚焦；
    一接收端，所述的接收端包括多个光电二极管、至少一个VCSEL、第二光学系统和第二印刷电路板，所述的多个光电二极管和VCSEL呈阵列布设于第二印刷电路板上，所述的第二光学系统的入射端用于接收第一光学系统出射端传出的光信号，第二光学系统的出射端与多个光电二极管和VCSEL相对且用于将接收到的信号光聚焦或发射出的信号光准直；
    当发射端的多个VCSEL发出的信号光从第一光学系统的入射端进入第一光学系统，并被准直成准直信号光，然后经由第一光学系统的出射端折射输入第二光学系统的入射端上并进入第二光学系统，由第二光学系统的出射端将准直信号光对应聚焦输入到接收端对应的多个光电二极管上，接收端上的VCSEL用于发射反馈信号光，且反馈信号光逆向输入到第二光学系统中并被准直，然后由第二光学系统的出射端折射并逆向输入到第一光学系统中，然后被第一光学系统聚焦输入到发射端的光电二极管上。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的基于VCSEL的自由空间有源光学收发组件，其特征在于：所述的第一光学系统和第二光学系统结构相同，均包括直角三棱柱和准直透镜，所述准直透镜的一端面为平面部且与直角三棱柱的一直角面相贴，准直透镜的另一端面为弧形面，直角三棱柱的斜面为反射面，直角三棱柱的另一直角面与发射端上的多个VCSEL、至少一个光电二极管相对或与接收端上的多个光电二极管、至少一个VCSEL相对。
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的基于VCSEL的自由空间有源光学收发组件，其特征在于：所述的 接收端还包括间隔片，所述的间隔片设于第二印刷电路板和第二光学系统之间，所述的间隔片上设有透光孔阵列且透光孔阵列上的通孔与接收端的多个光电二极管、至少一个VCSEL一一对应。
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