WO2020122299A1

WO2020122299A1 - Intelligent cone crusher capable of adjusting gap during operation and gap adjusting method

Info

Publication number: WO2020122299A1
Application number: PCT/KR2018/016192
Authority: WO
Inventors: 기형호; 서명국; 이호연
Original assignee: 삼영플랜트주식회사
Priority date: 2018-12-10
Filing date: 2018-12-19
Publication date: 2020-06-18

Abstract

The present invention relates to an intelligent cone crusher capable of adjusting a gap during an operation, and a gap adjusting method, and the objective thereof is to improve productivity by acquiring an aggregate of a design particle size through adjustment of a gap between a concave and a mantle, and adjusting the gap between the concave and the mantle without stopping production of the aggregate, that is, during a crushing process. The intelligent cone crusher capable of adjusting a gap during an operation according to the present invention comprises: a main frame (10); a rotating shaft (20) and an eccentric (21) as eccentric rotation means installed to be eccentrically rotatable inside the main frame; a driving means for rotating the eccentric rotation means; a cone-shaped mantle core (30) installed on the circumference of the eccentric rotation means and oscillating by eccentricity; a mantle (31) installed on the mantle core; a top frame (40) mounted on the upper portion of the main frame; a top cell (50) installed to be elevated or lowered on the top frame; a concave (51) installed on the top cell to face the mantle; a clamp cylinder (60) that supports the concave through the top frame; a gap adjusting means (60) for setting a gap between the concave and the mantle through the movement of the concave; and a controller (80) that, when a gap between the concave and the mantle is required to be adjusted, controls the pressure by the clamp cylinder while the mantle is rotating, and also controls the gap adjusting means while moving the concave to thereby adjust the gap.

Description

Intelligent cone crusher with adjustable gap during operation and gap adjustment method

The present invention relates to a cone crusher, and more specifically, by obtaining the aggregate of the design particle size by adjusting the gap between the cone and the mantle, and not stopping production of the aggregate, that is, by adjusting the gap between the cone and the mantle during the crushing process. It relates to an intelligent cone crusher and a gap adjustment method capable of adjusting the gap during operation to improve productivity.

This part provides background information related to the contents of the present application, but is not necessarily prior art.

In general, construction waste, stone collected from a quarry or mine has a crushing process that is crushed to a certain size through a crusher.

The crusher includes a jaw crusher that crushes a relatively large lump of aggregate, and a cone crusher that crushes aggregates crushed from the jaw crusher to a smaller size.

The cone crusher is an crushed material by inserting aggregate between a cone-shaped mantle that is eccentrically rotated and a fixedly installed cone cave, and the eccentricity of the main frame is approximately cylindrical and eccentric inside the main frame. Rotating shaft rotatably installed in a state, a cone-shaped mantle core and a mantle coupled to the outer circumferential surface of the rotating shaft, a top frame seated on an upper portion of the main frame, and screwed to the top frame, suitable for mantle It is composed of a top cell with a cone cave spaced apart. There is also a cone crusher that drives the mantle core without using a rotating shaft.

In addition, release means, etc. are provided between the top frame and the main frame to handle the vertical load generated during the crushing process of aggregate.

According to the cone crusher according to the prior art configured as described above, the drive shaft is rotated by the rotational force of the pulley, and the bevel gears meshed with each other are rotated by the rotational force of the drive shaft, thereby rotating the accent. Subsequently, the eccentric eccentric rotation shaft rotates, and the gap between the mantle and the concave is narrowed or widened while the mantle core is driven, thereby crushing the input aggregate.

The cone crusher needs to be replaced at an appropriate time because the mantle and the cone cave are gradually worn out as the operation operation time elapses. If the proper replacement point of the mantle and the cone cave is missed, it may cause damage to the equipment body. That is, it is very important to know the proper exchange point of the mantle and cone cave.

As a related patent document, US Patent 6,129,297 discloses a method for monitoring the wear progress of a cone crusher wear component. According to this invention, a hole is formed on the rear surface of the wear part of the cone crusher at the maximum depth at which wear is allowed, and the hole is filled with a material such as a color composition. When erosion of the wear parts proceeds to this hole, the color composition spreads on the surface of the wear parts of the cone crusher, thereby allowing the operator to monitor the wear condition.

However, this method cannot obtain information during the operation of the cone crusher, and the production capacity is reduced because the cone crusher must be stopped for inspection. Also, the driver must approach the cone crusher closely and monitor the driver at all times. Safety also carries risks.

As another patent document, Korean Patent Registration No. 10-1087961 measures the wear progress of the cone cave with an electrode type wear sensor, and the wear progress of the mantle combines the gas discharge rod and the gas detection sensor embedded in the top of the cone cave to perform wear. A cone crusher wear level monitoring device for measuring and monitoring, comprising: a plurality of conductor electrode loops surrounded by an insulating material; External metal sheath; Screw thread; but, when the wear proceeds and reaches the first contact point of the conductor electrode loop, a short circuit signal is generated as the end contact of the conductor electrode loop is physically damaged, thereby inducing the wear warning of the cone cave by the signal processing device. , When reaching the second to third positions due to the weight of wear, as the contact point of the conductor electrode loop ruptures, a wear signal according to each depth can be obtained step by step, and the gas discharge rod includes a pressure vessel; A metal tube connected to the pressure vessel; Consisting of a cylindrical metal body, including inserting a metal tube into a plurality of tube insertion holes of different depths, and including a thread for fixing the installation on the top of the metal body, the wear progresses and ends of the first closed metal tube When the end of the metal tube is ruptured upon reaching the part, a specific gas stored in the pressure vessel is ejected and released into the space between the mantle and the cone cave, and the released gas is detected by the gas detection sensor to detect the high voltage/ As a wear level monitoring device for cone crusher that can be output to me, based on the online wear level signal, the operator can remotely grasp the condition of wear and tear, but the wear level sensor is installed in the cone cave and the gas detection sensor is placed in the mantle. It is not realistic to install, especially gas detection sensors and related electronic products are installed on the mantle of the rotating chain.

It's very difficult to do and it's not realistic.

The cone crusher according to the prior art has to stop the cone crusher for gap setting, and therefore, there is a problem of unnecessary control and power consumption for stopping and operating the cone crusher and deteriorating productivity.

The present invention is to solve the problems as described above, to obtain the aggregate of the design particle size by adjusting the gap between the concave and the mantle, and does not stop the production of the aggregate, that is, adjust the gap between the concave and the mantle during the crushing process The purpose of the present invention is to provide an intelligent cone crusher capable of adjusting the gap during operation and a gap adjusting method.

The intelligent cone crusher capable of adjusting the gap during operation according to the present invention is applied to the cone crusher, and when the gap between the cone and the mantle crushing the shredded material is required, the clamp cylinder supporting the cone during rotation of the mantle A program for restoring and controlling the clamp cylinder and the gap adjusting means after adjusting the gap by moving the concave while reducing and controlling the pressure of the cone and controlling the operation and stop of the gap adjusting means for raising or lowering the cone cave. It is characterized by including.

The gap setting method of the intelligent cone crusher capable of adjusting the gap during operation according to the present invention comprises: a first step of setting a target gap input by an input of an administrator when gap adjustment of the cone cave is required; A second step of reducing and controlling the pressure of a clamp cylinder that supports the concave so that the concave is rotated after the first step; After the second step, a third step of moving the concave by a target gap by operating and controlling the gap adjusting means according to the target gap and stopping and controlling the operation of the gap adjusting means; And a fourth step of restoring and controlling the pressure of the clamp cylinder after the third step.

According to the intelligent cone crusher and the gap adjustment method capable of adjusting the gap during operation according to the present invention, the aggregate of the design particle size is obtained through the gap adjustment between the cone cave and the mantle, and the production of the aggregate is not stopped, that is, the cone cave during the crushing process It has the effect of improving productivity by adjusting the gap between the mantle and the mantle, and also solves the waste of power generated when the machine is stopped and restarted for gap adjustment, and also eliminates unnecessary work to improve the work efficiency of workers.

And, by detecting and guiding the change in the thickness of the mantle and the concave based on the travel distance of the top cell (concave), it is possible to properly replace the mantle and the concave, thereby protecting the device.

1 is an overall configuration of an intelligent cone crusher capable of adjusting the gap during operation according to the present invention.

2 is a view showing a clamp cylinder and a gap adjusting means applied to an intelligent cone crusher capable of adjusting the gap during operation according to the present invention.

Figure 3 is a process diagram showing a gap control method during operation according to the present invention.

*Description of code

10: main frame, 20: rotating shaft

21: Extreme, 30: Mantle Core

31: mantle, 40: top frame

50: top cell, 51: concave

60: clamp cylinder, 70: clearance adjustment means

71: ring gear, 72: clearance control motor

80: controller,

In the following description of the present invention, when it is determined that a detailed description of related known functions or configurations may unnecessarily obscure the subject matter of the present invention, the detailed description will be omitted. In addition, terms to be described later are terms defined in consideration of functions in the present invention, which may vary according to a user's or operator's intention or practice. Therefore, the definition should be made based on the contents throughout this specification.

As shown in FIG. 1, the intelligent cone crusher capable of adjusting the gap during operation according to the present invention is installed to be eccentrically rotatable inside the main frame 10 and the main frame 10 and is eccentric to rotate eccentrically through the driving means. Cone-shaped mantle core 30 coupled to the upper outer circumferential surface of the rotating shaft 20, the accent 21, and the rotating shaft 20 as a rotating means, the mantle 31 installed on the mantle core 30, and the main frame 10 ) Top frame (40) mounted on the top, top cell (50) installed to be elevated on top frame (40), concave (51) installed on top cell (50), and concave (51) using hydraulic pressure ), the clamp cylinder 60 (shown in FIG. 2 ), the release means for raising the top frame 40 when overloaded, for example, the release cylinder 42 and the cone cave 51 by raising or lowering the cone cave ( 51) and all the components of the cone crusher, including the gap adjusting means 70 for adjusting the gap between the mantle 31 and the mantle 31 without stopping, i.e., the cone while the mantle 31 is rotating It includes a controller 80 having a program for controlling the pressure of the clamp cylinder 60 and the gap adjusting means 70 so as to lower or raise the cave 51.

The main frame 10, eccentric rotation means, mantle core 30, mantle 30, top frame 40, top cell 50, concave 50, release cylinder 42 constitute a conventional cone crusher. Since it is the same, the detailed description will be omitted, and only a new configuration and a related configuration according to the present invention will be described in detail.

The gap adjusting means 70 is engaged with the ring gear 71 and the ring gear 71 formed on the circumference of the top cell 50 to rotate the top cell 50 through the ring gear 71, that is, the concave 51 It is composed of a count sensor for counting the pitch between the teeth or teeth of the gap control motor 72 and the ring gear 71 to rotate the.

The clamp cylinder 60 is connected to the top cell 50, clamping the gear portion of the top cell 50 to fix the top cell 50 (when crushing, 120 to 140 bar), and vice versa, to unclamp the gear portion of the top cell 50. Unlock the top cell 50.

In the present invention, the clamp cylinder is used to lower the cone cave 51 while crushing the crushed object through the rotation of the mantle 31, that is, to lower the cone cage 51 by rotation using the gap adjusting means 70. It is configured to lower the clamping pressure by (60), it is preferably 50 ~ 80bar. The pressure is the optimal pressure that can be lowered by rotating the ring gear 71 by the rotational force of the gap regulating motor 72, that is, rotating the top cell 50 and the cone cave 51.

The controller 80 controls the pressure of the clamp cylinder 60 and the clearance adjustment motor 72 of the clearance adjustment means 70 through a program.

The pressure control of the clamp cylinder 60 is a pressure reduction control for clearance adjustment and a pressure recovery control for ending the clearance control, which reduces the pressure of the clamp cylinder 60 before the operation control of the clearance adjustment motor 72 and the adjustment value After controlling the clearance adjustment motor 72 in accordance with the target value, the pressure of the clamp cylinder 60 is restored and controlled.

The control of the clearance adjustment motor 72 is to control the clearance adjustment motor 72 after the pressure reduction control of the clamp cylinder 60, and to stop control when the two values match by comparing the target clearance and the adjustment value.

The operation of the intelligent cone crusher capable of adjusting the gap during operation according to the present invention is as follows.

1. Start gap control.

Adjustment of the gap between the concave 51 and the mantle 31 is made in the following situations, and when the particle size of the aggregate becomes larger than the set particle size by checking the particle size of the aggregate discharged from the cone crusher, the gap adjustment cycle (cone crusher) And after a certain period of time after the start of operation.

In the former case, image acquisition and analysis programs are applied.

The image acquisition unit is installed on a conveyor that transports aggregates discharged from the cone crusher, and photographs an image of aggregates that are crushed through the cone crusher and moved along the conveyor at a preset time period.

The analysis program receives the image of the aggregate photographed through the image acquisition unit, analyzes distribution information for each size of the aggregate, derives an average value of distribution information for each size for a predetermined time, and if the average value is larger than the allowable distribution According to the wear calibration alarm. After confirming this calibration alarm, the manager decides to start the gap adjustment.

Of course, it is also possible that the following gap adjustment is automatically performed through the controller 80 when the calibration information is generated without manual manipulation by the administrator.

More specifically, it is as follows.

end. Program parameter setting.

Set the size analysis range of the aggregate (for example, 10 mm to 30 mm) and the basic unit (for example, 5 mm), and the size analysis cycle (for example, measured every 1 to 10 seconds) and time (for example, 1 minute to 1 minute) Set the average value in 5 minute increments), set the size of interest of the crushed aggregate (for example, 25 mm or more) and the allowable distribution range (for example, 20%), and set detailed parameters related to image processing.

I. Aggregate image acquisition.

When the relevant parameters are set, the aggregate image that is crushed through the cone crusher and moved along the conveyor is irradiated with light with a fixed means provided on the conveyor and photographed at a predetermined time period through an image acquisition unit (camera). To acquire.

At this time, the analysis program receives the photographed aggregate image, adjusts it to a suitable size for analysis, converts the scaled aggregate image to a black and white image when photographed with a color camera, and converts the black and white aggregate to improve analysis accuracy. Pre-processing such as image histogram correction and contrast correction is performed.

All. Image selection by aggregate.

Subsequently, the analysis program separates the aggregates from the image one by one by performing a morphology operation on the aggregate image on which the pre-processing was performed.

In the morphology operation, a characteristic in which a pixel value is low due to a shadow near the boundary between aggregates is used, and a contour below a set boundary value is set as a contour.

In other words, the morphology operation is aimed at separating the aggregate area and the background, aggregate and aggregate from the aggregate image, and in the aggregate image, shadows are generated near the boundary between the aggregates (the area between the outside of the aggregate and the aggregate) between the aggregate areas. It becomes dark.

Therefore, by using these characteristics, it is possible to separate the aggregate region from the aggregate image. For example, a pixel value of 70 or more in the aggregate image may be set as the aggregate region, or less may be set as a background.

In the aggregate image based on the boundary value, binarization can be performed with 0 and 1 for background and outline.

In order to improve the separation accuracy of aggregate, image edge extraction and morphology parameter value setting may be different for each aggregate.

All. Aggregate analysis.

Subsequently, the distribution information for each size of the aggregate is analyzed in the image for each aggregate generated through the morphology operation, and the average value of the distribution information for each size for a predetermined time is derived to analyze the size and shape of the aggregate.

First, an ellipse fitting algorithm is applied to the aggregate image on which the morphology operation is performed to generate an aggregate ellipse surrounding the aggregate image.

Subsequently, the average size of each ellipse is analyzed according to a preset program parameter value, and a long/short ratio is calculated.

In the process of calculating the average size of each aggregate ellipse and calculating the long/short axis ratio, the long axis and short axis values of each aggregate are averaged using the long axis value and the short axis value of the ellipse surrounding the aggregate, and the long axis and short axis are combined. The value can be divided by 2 to calculate the average diameter size.

Alternatively, as shown in Equation 1 and Equation 2, the average diameter size may be calculated and obtained based on the equivalent diameter theory.

Where A is the area of the ellipse and D is the aggregate diameter assumed to be a circle.

la. Analysis after classifying corrections by size.

Subsequently, the size of the analyzed aggregate is corrected, and then classified according to the aggregate size, thereby creating a particle size distribution curve.

First, since the aggregate size calculated as described above is a value calculated in units of pixels on the aggregate image, the aggregate size value is corrected to the actual length by using a relationship value between the pixel size and the actual length of the aggregate image (for example, For 1 pixel = 1.2mm)

Subsequently, the aggregates are classified according to the preset aggregate size range and units.

For example, if the aggregate size range is set from 10 mm to 30 mm and the unit is 5 mm, 10 mm or less is in the 10 mm section, 15 mm or more in excess of 10 mm or more in the 15 mm section, and 30 mm or more in excess of 25 mm in the 30 mm section, and other sizes It can be classified into sections over 30mm.

On the other hand, in the process of fitting the ellipse of the aggregate, if the sum of the area of the ellipse of each aggregate is less than 50% (set value) of the width of the image, the value derived from the image may not be used.

That is, if the majority of aggregates are ellipse-fitted in the aggregate image, the sum of the areas of each ellipse may be 80% or more of the area of the image.

However, if the aggregate is not clearly separated in the process before fitting the ellipse of the aggregate, some minor aggregates will be elliptic fitting, and in this case, it will not be used because it is inaccurate to analyze the aggregate distribution for each size in the aggregate image. .

Subsequently, a particle size distribution curve, which is a distribution curve for each size, is created using the number of aggregates for each section classified as described above.

The particle size distribution curve displays an average size and distribution information display of aggregates analyzed for a certain period of time (for example, every 1 minute), and then derives an average value of distribution information of crushed aggregates over time over a period of time.

If the size of the aggregate is distributed within the allowable range according to the particle size distribution curve, the cone crusher is judged to operate normally. On the other hand, when the size of the aggregate exceeds the allowable range according to the particle size distribution curve, it is displayed on the screen of the monitor, etc. An alarm indication (alarm sound is generated) alerts the administrator to correct the liner wear of the cone crusher.

For example, although the set value is different for each aggregate to be crushed, when the aggregate having a set size (for example, a diameter of 25 cm) or more becomes 20% (set value) or more, a warning or alarm sound is generated on the monitor screen.

2. Set target clearance.

The manager enters the target gap through the input method. The target gap may be a descending distance of the cone cave 51 or a rotating distance of the ring gear 71.

Since the gap adjustment is also possible to widen the gap by the rise of the cone cave 51, the target gap can be used with the symbols of "+ (rising)" and "- (falling).

3. Clamp cylinder pressure reduction control.

When the gap start is selected after setting the target gap, the pressure of the clamp cylinder 60 is reduced through the program of the controller 80. For example, by reducing the operation of the hydraulic oil pump of the clamp cylinder 60 through the program, the pressure applied to the cone cave 51 by the clamp cylinder 60 is reduced to 50 to 80 bar.

4. Gap control motor control.

The controller 80 controls the operation of the gap adjusting motor 72 through a program, and accordingly, the rotational force of the gap adjusting motor 72 is transmitted to the ring gear 71 and concave 51 is consequently connected to the target gap. As it rotates, it descends.

5. Comparison of target clearance and adjustment value.

If the target gap set by the administrator is compared with the descending distance of the concave 51, and these values do not match, the concave 51 is further moved through the control of the gap adjusting motor 72, and their values match. When the gap control motor 72 is stopped, the operation is stopped.

6. Clamp cylinder pressure return control.

Therefore, the concave 51 remains stationary, and in this state, the program of the controller 80 is 3. Clamp cylinder pressure reduction to increase the operation of the hydraulic oil pump in accordance with the control process to restore the pressure of the clamp cylinder 60 .

7. End gap adjustment.

Through the above process, the gap adjustment of the cone cave 51 is finished.

The present invention, as described above, during the rotation of the mantle 31 by lowering or raising the cone cave 51 to control the gap between the cone cave 51 and the mantle 31, with the cone cave 51 and the mantle ( It is also possible to set the gap by the zero point method of 31) (the method in which the cone cave 51 is lowered to contact the mantle 31 and then raised by the gap).

That is, since the concave 51 is lowered in the rotational state of the mantle 31, damage is caused when the concave 51 is lowered to contact the mantle 31, so that the concave 51 is lowered separately from the zero point method. Fine clearance adjustment is preferred. Therefore, just before the cone crusher is operated, the clearance between the mantle 31 and the concave 51 is adjusted based on the zero point method, and if necessary, the fine adjustment of the concave 51 is performed. Gap control is preferred.

In addition, the present invention is configured as follows to detect the thickness of the cone cave 50 and the mantle 31.

The distance sensor detects the moving distance of the top cell 50.

The controller 80 subtracts the movement distance of the top cell 50 from the gap based on the gap (the initial setting gap) between the concave 51 and the mantle 31 through the program, and the concave 51 and the mantle The thickness of (31) is calculated and the calculated value is guided through a monitor to inform the manager of the proper replacement time of the mantle 31 and the concave 51.

When the cone cave 51 descends according to the present invention, the descending distance is accumulated (summed up) through the memory and used as the moving distance of the top cell 50. That is, it is possible to calculate the thickness of the mantle 31 and the cone cave 51 even if the top cell 50 descends two or more times.

Claims

When it is necessary to adjust the clearance between the mantle and the concave that is applied to the cone crusher, the pressure of the clamp cylinder supporting the concave is reduced and controlled while the mantle is rotating. An intelligent cone crusher capable of adjusting the gap during operation, comprising a program for restoring and controlling the clamp cylinder and the gap adjusting means after adjusting the gap by moving the concave while controlling the operation and stop of the gap adjusting means. .
The method according to claim 1, After the crushing through the mantle and the concave, the image acquisition unit for taking an image of the aggregate that is transported along the conveyor at a preset time period; And receiving an image of the aggregate taken through the image acquisition unit, analyzing distribution information by size of the aggregate, deriving an average value of distribution information for each size for a preset time, and if the average value is greater than the allowable distribution, the gap adjustment operation is performed. An analysis program to be performed;

The analysis program receives the image of the aggregate taken through the image acquisition unit and processes the image to generate an image for each aggregate, analyzes the size and shape of the aggregate through the generated image for each aggregate, corrects the aggregate size, and corrects the aggregate size Classify by star so that a particle size distribution curve is created; Receiving the image of the aggregate taken through the image acquisition unit and processing the image to binarize the aggregate image to generate an image for each aggregate, and perform morphological operations on the binarized aggregate image; To analyze the size and shape of the aggregate through the generated image for each aggregate, an aggregate ellipse surrounding the aggregate image on which the morphology operation was performed is generated, and an average size and a length/shortening ratio of each aggregate ellipse are calculated; To correct the aggregate size and classify it by aggregate size, so that a particle size distribution curve is created, calibrate the size of the aggregate and classify it by size, and create a particle size distribution curve accordingly. Crusher.
The method according to claim 1 or claim 2, It includes a distance sensor for detecting the moving distance of the top cell, the controller is based on the gap between the concave and the mantle by subtracting the moving distance of the top cell in the gap to the cone A gap setting method of an intelligent cone crusher capable of adjusting the gap during operation, wherein the thickness of the cave and the mantle is calculated and the replacement timing of the mantle and the cone cave is guided through the calculated value.
A first step of setting a target gap inputted by an input of an administrator when gap adjustment of the concave is required;

A second step of reducing and controlling the pressure of a clamp cylinder that supports the concave so that the concave is rotated after the first step;

After the second step, a third step of moving the concave by a target gap by controlling the gap adjusting means according to the target gap, and then stopping and controlling the operation of the gap adjusting means;

And a third step of restoring and controlling the pressure of the clamp cylinder after the third step.
The method according to claim 4, The second step is a gap setting method of the intelligent cone crusher capable of adjusting the gap during operation, characterized in that to reduce the pressure of the clamp cylinder to 50 ~ 80bar.