WO2020119057A1 - 一种主动型厨房安全监测系统 - Google Patents

一种主动型厨房安全监测系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020119057A1
WO2020119057A1 PCT/CN2019/092003 CN2019092003W WO2020119057A1 WO 2020119057 A1 WO2020119057 A1 WO 2020119057A1 CN 2019092003 W CN2019092003 W CN 2019092003W WO 2020119057 A1 WO2020119057 A1 WO 2020119057A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
gas
valve
safety
module
kitchen
Prior art date
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PCT/CN2019/092003
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘红斌
康逸
熊仕杰
钱广
赵云霄
张强
Original Assignee
成都霍姆赛福科技有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201811516015.8A external-priority patent/CN109374068A/zh
Priority claimed from CN201910392214.0A external-priority patent/CN110081236B/zh
Application filed by 成都霍姆赛福科技有限公司 filed Critical 成都霍姆赛福科技有限公司
Publication of WO2020119057A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020119057A1/zh
Priority to US16/925,323 priority Critical patent/US10991222B2/en

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    • GPHYSICS
    • G08SIGNALLING
    • G08BSIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B21/00Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
    • G08B21/02Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons
    • GPHYSICS
    • G08SIGNALLING
    • G08BSIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B17/00Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
    • G08B17/06Electric actuation of the alarm, e.g. using a thermally-operated switch
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24CDOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES ; DETAILS OF DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F24C3/00Stoves or ranges for gaseous fuels
    • F24C3/12Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F24C3/126Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices on ranges
    • GPHYSICS
    • G08SIGNALLING
    • G08BSIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B17/00Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
    • G08B17/10Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
    • GPHYSICS
    • G08SIGNALLING
    • G08BSIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B25/00Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems
    • G08B25/01Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems characterised by the transmission medium
    • G08B25/04Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems characterised by the transmission medium using a single signalling line, e.g. in a closed loop
    • GPHYSICS
    • G08SIGNALLING
    • G08BSIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B25/00Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems
    • G08B25/01Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems characterised by the transmission medium
    • G08B25/10Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems characterised by the transmission medium using wireless transmission systems

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of safe use of gas, in particular to an active kitchen safety monitoring system.
  • the existing products for kitchen fire safety monitoring are mainly smoke alarms, infrared or ultraviolet fire detectors and some fire detection equipment for image recognition through cameras.
  • Open flame operations and places where a lot of smoke is generated can easily cause false alarms in fire detection equipment.
  • you use a fire detection device for image recognition through a camera not only does it have the disadvantages of high cost and large communication bandwidth, but also involves the risk of personal privacy being leaked.
  • the above-mentioned fire detection equipment are all passive detection equipment, that is, the alarm operation will only occur when a fire accident has occurred, and in this case, a certain degree of loss has actually been caused.
  • the gas pipelines entering a household are all adjusted to a certain pressure range by a pressure regulating device and then delivered to users.
  • the pressure regulation is being debugged and the gas is stopped, the user's gas pipeline is under-pressured or over-pressured, which is likely to cause gas safety accidents.
  • the connection between the ball valve at the rear end of the gas meter and the gas stove is mostly hose or bellows, if the hose is used, its service life is short, and it is easily damaged by external forces such as rats, resulting in pipeline gas leakage. Security incident.
  • the gas sensor's gas sensor has a very short life and needs to be calibrated regularly, otherwise it will be invalid, and the gas sensor's gas sensor now installed in the user's home Basically, calibration has not been performed within a certain period of time, and most gas alarms have exceeded the service life of their internal gas sensors;
  • this type of gas alarm is a concentration type detection, which has different detection sensitivity in different spaces, and the user kitchen window In the open state, the gas in the air is evacuated to the outside, and the indoor concentration has not reached the threshold set by the gas alarm. Even if the gas hose is loose or bitten by a mouse, the gas sensor cannot detect the gas leakage.
  • the purpose of the present invention is: to solve the existing gas safety accidents and kitchen fires and other safety accidents, further action is taken after the accident occurs, and it is impossible to independently detect whether there is a gas use safety problem, and promptly remind personnel to take corresponding measures. Unable to avoid the problems of kitchen safety hazards and economic losses, an active kitchen safety monitoring system is provided.
  • An active kitchen safety monitoring system includes a communication module for connecting the various components of the system, and further includes a fire prevention and alarm device, a gas safety valve, a multi-function gateway, a server and a user terminal, a fire prevention and alarm device, a gas safety valve and Communication connection between the multi-function gateways, the multi-function gateway is connected to the server and the user terminal, among which
  • Fire prevention alarm device based on real-time monitoring of temperature data at multiple locations on the kitchen stove to determine whether there is a fire hazard in the kitchen utensils, based on the judgment result, whether to send a safety alarm message for the use of kitchenware to the multi-function gateway, and whether to send a command to close the motor valve to the gas Safety valve, and send real-time monitored temperature data to the multi-function gateway;
  • the gas safety valve controls the working status of its internal motor valve according to the internal pressure of the gas pipeline, and sends the internal pressure data of the gas pipeline, the working status information of the motor valve and the gas use safety alarm information to the multi-function gateway, and also receives the Instruction of opening/closing motor valve;
  • safety alarm information of gas usage includes accidental flameout, overpressure of gas pipeline, underpressure of gas pipeline, loose connection of gas pipeline, broken hose, and falling hose;
  • Multi-function gateway receive temperature data, gas pipeline internal pressure data, motor valve working status information, gas use safety alarm information and kitchenware use safety alarm information, send all the received data to the user terminal through the server, and receive and execute the user Operation instructions issued by the terminal;
  • the server stores temperature data, gas pipeline internal pressure data and motor valve working status information, and receives and transmits operation instructions issued by user terminals; operation instructions include timing, opening and closing motor valves;
  • the user can view various data collected by the fire prevention and alarm device, internal pressure data of the gas pipeline, motor valve working status information, gas use safety alarm information and kitchenware use safety alarm information, and control the gas safety valve and multi-function gateway.
  • the gas safety valve includes a safety valve housing, a sealed valve cavity is provided inside the safety valve housing, an air inlet and an air outlet are opened on the sealed valve cavity, and a connection is provided in the sealed valve cavity Motor valves at the air inlet and air outlet, and pressure sensors at the air outlet of the motor valve; the safety valve housing is located outside the closed valve cavity.
  • a central control board valve opening key, power supply module A, and safety valve housing There are openings for exposing the valve opening key, air inlet and outlet, motor valve, pressure sensor, valve opening key, and power supply module A are all connected to the central control board;
  • the central control board integrates a private network communication module and a valve control module with timing detection and flameout detection functions.
  • the valve control module is used to control the opening and closing status of the motor valve and determine whether there is an accidental flameout or gas pipeline based on the data detected by the pressure sensor. Whether there is overpressure or underpressure, whether the gas pipeline is loose, the hose is damaged, and the hose is off.
  • the gas safety valve further includes a prompt module for prompting the user of the current motor valve working status information and gas pipeline usage status, including the motor valve is opened, the motor valve is closed, the power supply module A has insufficient power, and the gas pipeline has an interface Loose, damaged hose, loose hose or underpressure or overpressure; the safety valve housing is provided with a through hole for exposing the prompt module.
  • the prompt module, the valve opening key, and the power supply module A are connected to the central control board through wires or FPC .
  • the sealed valve cavity is provided with a wire outlet with a sealing function
  • the sealed valve cavity is provided with a sealed joint at the position of the wire outlet, and the wires of the pressure sensor and the motor valve are led out from the outlet And connected with the central control board.
  • the fire prevention and alarm device includes a power management module that supplies power to various components of the device, a private network communication module and a warning module for connecting a gas safety valve and a multi-function gateway, and further includes:
  • Infrared array sensor used to monitor the temperature of several locations on the kitchen stove in real time, and send all the monitored temperature data to the data processing module;
  • the data processing module receives the data monitored by the infrared array sensor and sends it to the multi-function gateway to find the maximum temperature values T max1 and T max2 of the temperature data received before and after the two, based on the difference between the temperature values T max1 and T max2
  • the size determines whether there is a fire hazard in the kitchen utensils. If it is, the alarm module is used to send an alarm to the multi-function gateway, and the kitchen appliance safety alarm information is sent to the gas safety valve to send a command to close the motor valve.
  • the fire prevention and alarm device further includes a human body recognition module for detecting human body signals in the kitchen, and an environmental detection module for detecting gas concentration in the kitchen environment.
  • the human body recognition module and the environmental detection module are connected to the data processing module.
  • a timing unit for calculating the time when the user leaves the kitchen during cooking is integrated in the data processing module.
  • the multi-function gateway includes a power supply module B, a micro control module, a private network wireless communication module for connecting a gas safety valve and a fire prevention and alarm device, a public network wireless communication module for connecting to a server, a display module, and buttons Control module.
  • the multi-function gateway also includes a voice broadcast module for prompting users of gas safety valves and multi-function gateway related information.
  • the key control module includes 7 control keys, as follows:
  • valve control button used to change the current working status of the motor valve
  • Five selection buttons which are the hour, tenth, minute, clear, and start of the set time, are used for the user to control the closing of the motor valve in the gas safety valve.
  • the temperature status on the kitchen stove is monitored by the fire prevention and alarm device.
  • the gas safety valve controls the working state of its internal motor valve according to the internal pressure data of the gas pipeline.
  • it also receives and executes the fire prevention and alarm device, Multi-function gateway, user terminal instructions.
  • the user can control the gas safety valve and the multi-function gateway through the user terminal, as well as view the relevant data and information collected during the work of the system.
  • the system realizes the independent detection of the safety of gas use. Based on the test results, it can directly take corresponding measures or remind the user to take corresponding measures to avoid hidden dangers of gas safety, reduce economic losses, and have great practicability.
  • the gas safety valve obtains the gas pressure data inside the gas pipeline in real time through the internal high-precision digital pressure sensor, and there is no service life limit, which makes up for the short service life of the gas sensor of the existing gas alarm and the failure to calibrate in time leading to failure The problem.
  • the effect of the gas safety valve of the present invention is not limited by the user's kitchen environment, whether the user opens the window, the size of the kitchen space, etc.
  • the test sensitivity is consistent under any conditions, making up for the existing gas alarm in different environments The lack of sensitivity.
  • the gas safety valve can automatically detect the risk of the gas pipeline online during the specified time period of the gas pipeline inspection, making up for the fact that the existing mechanical self-closing valve cannot detect any loose gas pipeline interface and hoses of any degree
  • a safety inspection can be done once a day, and any slight looseness or damage of the gas pipeline can be found in time, and all accidents can be truly eliminated in the bud.
  • the system uses the private network wireless communication module and the public network wireless communication module to cooperate, so that users or other relevant departments can remotely control the gas safety valve online, and at the same time master the status of the gas safety valve online, making up for the existing technology. It is impossible to allow users to remotely control and remotely notify users of alarm information.
  • the real-time online gas safety management departments are provided with gas risk status risk level data, so that the gas usage safety management related departments can reasonably arrange limited manpower and materials according to these data.
  • the risk is serious and the danger level is high.
  • Priority treatment by users has improved the efficiency of relevant departments and greatly reduced the probability of gas safety accidents.
  • the gas safety valve actively controls the valve opening size and obtains the corresponding pressure, thereby judging whether there is flow in the gas pipeline, thereby helping the user to monitor whether the normal fire on the gas stove is extinguished unexpectedly in real time , And proactively notify users online remotely, so that users can deal with it in time.
  • the system enables users to quickly operate the keys on the multi-function gateway without using a user terminal, to realize the switch control of gas safety valves and realize the timing function, which greatly improves the user experience.
  • the infrared array sensor is used to monitor the temperature of multiple locations on the kitchen stove, and the maximum temperature value in the temperature data received before and after the two times is found through the data processing module, based on the two maximum temperature values. The difference between them determines whether there is a fire risk. According to the judgment result, it is determined whether to send the safety alarm information of the kitchenware to the multi-function gateway, and whether to send the instruction of closing the motor valve to the gas safety valve.
  • the fire prevention and alarm device can not be affected by the open flame generated by the normal use of the kitchen stove and the smoke generated by the normal cooking, predicting the fire in advance and notifying the user to make corresponding treatment, thereby reducing the hidden danger of the kitchen fire.
  • the human body recognition module detects whether there is a person in the kitchen or whether the person is in front of the stove, sends the detected data to the data processing module, and integrates the data monitored by the data processing module in combination with the infrared array sensor Calculation.
  • the difference between the two maximum temperature differences is greater than the preset temperature difference threshold in the data processing module, if no one is in the kitchen or someone is in the kitchen but not in front of the stove, the alarm module will be used to alarm directly; If someone is in the kitchen and in front of the stove, no alarm will be given.
  • the operation adopts different treatment methods for different situations, and the design is reasonable.
  • the ambient gas concentration in the kitchen is detected by the environmental detection module, and then the detected data is sent to the data processing module, and the data processing module is combined with other data for comprehensive calculation, which improves the accuracy of the fire prevention and alarm device. Rate, to avoid false alarms caused by the use of a single sensor for detection.
  • the data processing module when the cooker in the kitchen is cooking, when it is detected that no one is in the kitchen, the data processing module automatically starts a timing unit integrated therein, and the timing unit starts to calculate the time when the user leaves the kitchen. When the user appears in the kitchen again, the data processing module automatically turns off the timing unit, and the timing unit stops calculation. It is guaranteed that when the user does not actively participate in the timing, the timing unit is automatically started after the user leaves the kitchen. When no one appears in the kitchen after a certain period of time, the alarm module immediately gives an alarm to facilitate the timely notification to the user of the cooking work on the stove.
  • the power management module is a two-way power supply using the mains power supply as the main power supply and the rechargeable battery as the auxiliary power supply.
  • emergency power supply is provided to the fire prevention and alarm device through the rechargeable battery, which ensures that the fire prevention and alarm device can normally monitor the state of the kitchen during the power outage.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the overall structure of the system of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the gas safety valve of the present invention.
  • FIG 3 is an overall schematic diagram of the internal structure of the gas safety valve of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a front view of the internal structure of the gas safety valve of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a top view of the internal structure of the gas safety valve of the present invention.
  • An active kitchen safety monitoring system includes a communication module for connecting various components of the system, a fire prevention and alarm device, a gas safety valve, a multi-function gateway, a server and a user terminal, a fire prevention and alarm device, a gas safety valve and a multi-function
  • the communication connection between the gateways, the multi-function gateway connects to the server and then connects to the user terminal. among them:
  • the communication module includes a public network communication module and a private network communication module.
  • the choices of the private network communication module include but are not limited to LORA, ZIGBEE, and Sub-1 GHz.
  • the choice of public network communication modules includes but is not limited to GPRS, WIFI, Bluetooth, 2G, 3G, 4G, 5G, such as: ESP8266-12S, M6310.
  • Fire prevention alarm device based on real-time monitoring of temperature data at multiple locations on the kitchen stove to determine whether there is a fire hazard in the kitchen utensils, based on the judgment result, whether to send a safety alarm message for the use of kitchenware to the multi-function gateway, and whether to send a command to close the motor valve to the gas Safety valve, and send real-time monitored temperature data to the multi-function gateway.
  • the gas safety valve controls the working status of its internal motor valve according to the internal pressure of the gas pipeline, and sends the internal pressure data of the gas pipeline, the working status information of the motor valve and the gas use safety alarm information to the multi-function gateway, and also receives the Open/close motor valve command.
  • the safety alarm information for gas usage includes accidental flameout, overpressure of gas pipelines, underpressure of gas pipelines, loose connections of gas pipelines, broken hoses, and falling hoses.
  • Multi-function gateway receive temperature data, gas pipeline internal pressure data, motor valve working status information, gas use safety alarm information and kitchenware use safety alarm information, send all the received data to the user terminal through the server, and receive and execute the user Operation instructions issued by the terminal.
  • the server stores temperature data, internal pressure data of gas pipelines and motor valve working status information, and receives and transmits operation instructions issued by user terminals; operation instructions include timing, opening and closing motor valves.
  • the user can view various data collected by the fire prevention and alarm device, internal pressure data of the gas pipeline, motor valve working status information, gas use safety alarm information and kitchenware use safety alarm information, and control the gas safety valve and multi-function gateway.
  • the gas safety valve includes a safety valve housing 1, and a sealed valve cavity 8 is provided inside the safety valve housing 1, and an air inlet 2 and an air outlet 3 are opened on the sealed valve cavity 8, a closed type
  • the valve cavity 8 is provided with a motor valve connecting the air inlet 2 and the air outlet 3, and a pressure sensor provided at the air outlet of the motor valve.
  • the safety valve housing 1 is located outside the closed valve cavity 8 and is further provided with a central control board 7, a valve opening key 5, and a power supply module A4.
  • the safety valve housing 1 is provided with a valve opening key 5 and an air inlet 2
  • the through hole of the air outlet 3, the motor valve, the pressure sensor, the valve opening key 5, and the power supply module A4 are all connected to the central control board 7.
  • the central control board 7 integrates a private network communication module and a valve control module with timing detection and flameout detection functions.
  • the valve control module is used to control the opening and closing state of the motor valve and determine whether there is accidental flameout or gas according to the data detected by the pressure sensor Whether there is overpressure or underpressure in the pipeline, whether there are loose connections in the gas pipeline, the hose is damaged, and the hose has fallen off.
  • the power supply module A4 uses a lithium battery or an alkaline battery or a lithium battery and an alkaline battery or an adapter and a lithium battery or an adapter and an alkaline battery.
  • the pressure sensor adopts BMP280 sensor or other types of absolute pressure sensor or differential pressure sensor, such as QMP6988, MS5525.
  • the valve control module obtains a pressure value from the pressure sensor. This pressure value is the gas safety valve the current value of the environment in which the atmospheric pressure, referred to as a P a;
  • the valve control module obtains the pressure value measured by the pressure sensor every certain time interval. This pressure value is the gas pressure value in the gas pipeline, which is recorded as P b ;
  • the user terminal is used to alert the user.
  • the acquired gas pressure value P b does not have a downward trend, it means that the gas pipeline in this section is intact; if the acquired gas pressure value P b shows a downward trend and falls within a certain period of time to the local atmospheric pressure value P a , it means The gas pipeline is loose, the hose is damaged, and the hose is falling off. The user terminal is used to remind the user.
  • the gas safety valve further includes a prompt module 6 for prompting the user of the current motor valve working status information and gas pipeline usage status, including that the motor valve has been opened, the motor valve has been closed, the power supply module A4 has insufficient power, and the gas pipeline exists Loose connection, broken hose, loose hose or underpressure or overpressure.
  • the safety valve housing 1 is provided with a through hole for exposing the prompt module 6, the prompt module 6, the valve opening key 5, and the power supply module A4 are connected to the central control board 7 through a wire or FPC.
  • the display module can adopt other display methods such as segment LCD display, LED display, TFT or OLED, etc., which are used to display the current real-time clock information, network status, motor valve working status information, and power supply module B status information.
  • the hermetic valve cavity 8 is provided with a wire outlet having a sealing function, and the hermetic valve cavity 8 is provided with a sealing joint at the position of the outlet, and the wires of the pressure sensor and the motor valve are from The outlet is led out and connected to the central control board 7.
  • the fire prevention and alarm device includes a power management module that supplies power to various components of the device, a private network communication module and a warning module for connecting a gas safety valve and a multi-function gateway.
  • the fire prevention and alarm device also includes an infrared array sensor and a data processing module, in which:
  • the infrared array sensor is used to monitor the temperature of several locations on the kitchen stove in real time, and send all the temperature data monitored each time to the data processing module.
  • the choice of infrared array sensor models includes but is not limited to MLX90621, MLX90640, AMG8853.
  • the data processing module receives the data monitored by the infrared array sensor and sends it to the multi-function gateway to find the maximum temperature values T max1 and T max2 of the temperature data received before and after the two, based on the difference between the temperature values T max1 and T max2
  • the size determines whether there is a fire hazard in the kitchen utensils. If it is, the alarm module is used to send an alarm to the multi-function gateway, and the kitchen appliance safety alarm information is sent to the gas safety valve to send a command to close the motor valve.
  • the warning module includes a voice prompt unit, a buzzer and an LED indicating unit.
  • the power management module includes a rechargeable battery, a power supply interface, a power supply mode switching circuit, a charging circuit, a voltage stabilizing circuit and a protection circuit.
  • the power supply interface is connected to a commercial power supply through the protection circuit.
  • the mains power supply is connected to the rechargeable battery after the protection circuit and the charging circuit.
  • the rechargeable battery is connected to the power supply interface after the power supply mode switching circuit, and the power supply interface is connected to the voltage stabilizing circuit.
  • the power supply voltage is converted to the fire prevention and alarm device through the voltage stabilizing circuit
  • the rechargeable battery can be a lithium battery according to the required voltage.
  • the fire prevention and alarm device further includes a human body recognition module for detecting human body signals in the kitchen, and an environmental detection module for detecting gas concentration in the kitchen environment.
  • the human body recognition module and the environmental detection module are connected to the data processing module.
  • the selection of the human body recognition module includes, but is not limited to, PIR pyroelectric infrared sensor, human body detection radar, ultrasonic module, infrared or laser ranging module.
  • the selection of the environmental detection module includes but is not limited to methane sensor, CO sensor and smoke sensor, any one or combination can be adopted.
  • a timing unit for calculating the time when the user leaves the kitchen during cooking is integrated in the data processing module.
  • the multi-function gateway includes a power supply module B, a micro control module, a private network wireless communication module for connecting a gas safety valve and a fire prevention and alarm device, a public network wireless communication module for connecting to a server, a display module, and buttons Control module.
  • the multi-function gateway also includes a voice broadcast module for prompting users of gas safety valves and multi-function gateway related information.
  • the key control module includes 7 control keys, as follows:
  • valve control button used to change the current working status of the motor valve
  • Five selection buttons which are the hour, tenth, minute, clear, and start of the set time, are used for the user to control the closing of the motor valve in the gas safety valve.
  • An active kitchen safety monitoring system provided by a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1, includes a fire prevention and alarm device, a gas safety valve, a multi-function gateway, a server, and a user terminal, a fire prevention and alarm device, and a gas safety valve
  • the wireless signal is communicated with the multi-function gateway through the private network communication module.
  • the multi-function gateway is connected to the server through the public network communication module and then connected to the user terminal.
  • the private network communication module uses SX1278, and the public network communication module uses WIFI.
  • the fire prevention and alarm device is installed on the suspended ceiling in the kitchen, and the cooker is located just in the middle of the field of view of the infrared array sensor.
  • the fire prevention and alarm device includes a power management module that supplies power to the components of the device, a private network communication module for connecting the gas safety valve and the multi-function gateway, an infrared array sensor, a data processing module, and a warning module, among which:
  • the infrared array sensor monitors the temperature at 64 locations on the kitchen stove and the room temperature in real time, and sends all the temperature data monitored each time to the data processing module.
  • the MLX90621 is used as the infrared array sensor.
  • the data processing module receives the data monitored by the infrared array sensor and sends it to the multi-function gateway to find the maximum temperature values T max1 and T max2 of the temperature data received before and after the two, based on the difference between the temperature values T max1 and T max2
  • the size determines whether there is a fire hazard in the kitchen utensils. If it is, the alarm module is used to send an alarm to the multi-function gateway, and the kitchen appliance safety alarm information is sent to the gas safety valve to send a command to close the motor valve.
  • the data processing module includes a processing chip and a flash storage module, the processing chip is STM32F030CC, and the flash storage module is SST26VF032.
  • the warning module includes a voice prompt unit, a buzzer and an LED light.
  • the power management module includes a rechargeable battery, a power supply interface, a power supply mode switching circuit, a charging circuit, a voltage stabilizing circuit and a protection circuit.
  • the power supply interface is connected to a commercial power supply through the protection circuit.
  • the mains power supply is connected to the rechargeable battery after the protection circuit and the charging circuit.
  • the rechargeable battery is connected to the power supply interface after the power supply mode switching circuit, and the power supply interface is connected to the voltage stabilizing circuit.
  • the power supply voltage is converted to the fire prevention and alarm device through the voltage stabilizing circuit
  • the rechargeable battery can be a lithium battery according to the required voltage. When the mains power fails, the rechargeable battery provides power to the fire prevention and alarm device to ensure that the device can normally monitor the state of the kitchen during the power outage.
  • the power supply mode switching circuit is used to control the switching between the main power supply and the auxiliary power supply.
  • the charging circuit automatically charges the rechargeable battery when the mains power supply is normal, and the protection circuit is used to prevent the power supply from being reversed.
  • the internal circuit of the power management module is damaged.
  • Fire prevention alarm device based on real-time monitoring of temperature data at multiple locations on the kitchen stove to determine whether there is a fire hazard in the kitchen utensils, based on the judgment result, whether to send a safety alarm message for the use of kitchenware to the multi-function gateway, and whether to send a command to close the motor valve to gas Safety valve, and send real-time monitored temperature data to the multi-function gateway.
  • the gas safety valve includes a safety valve housing 1.
  • the safety valve housing 1 is provided with a closed valve cavity 8, and the closed valve cavity 8 is provided with an air inlet 2 and an air outlet 3.
  • the closed valve cavity 8 is provided with a motor valve connected to the air inlet 2 and the air outlet 3, and a pressure sensor provided at the air outlet of the motor valve.
  • the safety valve housing 1 is located outside the closed valve cavity 8 and is further provided with a central control board 7, a valve opening key 5, and a power supply module A4.
  • the safety valve housing 1 is provided with a valve opening key 5 and an air inlet 2 And the through hole of the air outlet 3.
  • the sealed valve cavity 8 is provided with a wire outlet with a sealing function, and the sealed valve cavity 8 is provided with a sealed joint at the position of the wire outlet.
  • the wires of the pressure sensor and the motor valve are drawn from the outlet and connected with The central control board 7 is connected.
  • the valve opening key 5 and the power supply module A4 are connected to the central control board 7 through wires.
  • the pressure sensor transmits the collected pressure data to the central control board 7 through the I2C signal.
  • the valve switch key 5 is used for the user to directly control the opening and closing state of the motor valve.
  • the central control board 7 integrates a power conversion module, a private network communication module and has a timing Valve control module for detection and flameout detection function.
  • the valve control module is used to control the opening and closing state of the motor valve, and determine whether there is accidental flameout, whether there is overpressure or underpressure in the gas pipeline, and whether the gas pipeline exists according to the data detected by the pressure sensor Loose connections, broken hoses, and loose hoses.
  • the motor valve uses a DC motor valve
  • the pressure sensor uses a BMP280 sensor
  • the power supply module A4 uses a lithium battery
  • the power conversion module in the central control board 7 converts the lithium battery voltage to 3.3V to supply power to each device.
  • the gas safety valve controls the working status of its own internal motor valve according to the internal pressure of the gas pipeline, and sends the internal pressure data of the gas pipeline, the working status information of the motor valve and the gas use safety alarm information to the multi-function gateway, and also receives the opening from the multi-function gateway /Close motor valve command.
  • the safety alarm information for gas usage includes accidental flameout, overpressure of gas pipelines, underpressure of gas pipelines, loose connections of gas pipelines, broken hoses, and falling hoses.
  • the multi-function gateway includes a power supply module B, a micro control module, a private network wireless communication module for connecting a gas safety valve and a fire prevention and alarm device, a public network wireless communication module for connecting to a server, a display module, and a key control module.
  • the power supply module B adopts a dual backup power supply method that converts commercial power (such as AC power in the range of 90V to 265V) into a 5V DC power supply that can be directly used by the system plus lithium battery power supply.
  • commercial power such as AC power in the range of 90V to 265V
  • the built-in spare lithium battery is used for power supply.
  • the display module adopts a segment code LCD display screen, which is used to display the current real-time clock information, network status, gas safety valve working status, and power supply module B status information.
  • the key control module includes 7 touch-type control keys, as follows:
  • One valve control button used to change the current working status of the motor valve.
  • this button is pressed, the command to open the motor valve or close the motor valve is sent to the gas safety valve through the private network wireless communication module in the multi-function gateway, and the gas safety valve makes the corresponding action.
  • Five selection buttons which are the hour, tenth, minute, clear, and start of the set time, are used for the user to control the closing of the motor valve in the gas safety valve.
  • the multi-function gateway After setting the timing time and pressing the start button, the multi-function gateway starts timing and displays the time synchronously on the user terminal. As soon as the fixed time expires, the multi-function gateway and user terminal simultaneously remind the user. If the user does not handle the timeout, the gas safety valve is automatically controlled to close the valve to prevent safety accidents.
  • the multi-function gateway receives temperature data, gas pipeline internal pressure data, motor valve working status information, gas use safety alarm information and kitchenware use safety alarm information, sends all received data to the user terminal through the server, and receives and executes the user terminal Operation instructions issued.
  • the server connects the multi-function gateway and the user terminal through the public network wireless communication module.
  • the server stores real-time monitored temperature data, gas pipeline internal pressure data and motor valve working status information, and transmits all the data received by the multi-function gateway to the user terminal. It also receives and transmits operation instructions issued by user terminals. Operation instructions include timing, opening the motor valve and closing the motor valve.
  • An application APP connected to the server is installed on the user terminal, and the user views related information through the APP and sends operation instructions to the server to control the gas safety valve and the multi-function gateway.
  • the relevant information that the user can view includes various data collected by the fire prevention and alarm device, internal pressure data of the gas pipeline, working status information of the motor valve, gas use safety alarm information and kitchenware use safety alarm information.
  • the working status information of the motor valve, real-time monitored temperature data, gas pipeline internal pressure data, kitchenware use safety alarm information, gas use safety alarm information are timely sent to the multi-function gateway through the private network communication module, and then the multi-function gateway through the public
  • the network communication module sends to the server, and the server displays the received data on the user terminal in real time through the public network communication module.
  • the multi-function gateway When there is a gas use safety alarm message that needs to be notified to the user, it is first sent to the multi-function gateway through the private network communication module, then the multi-function gateway is sent to the server through the public network communication module, and the server then alerts the user terminal through the public network communication module. To notify the user.
  • the data management module in the fire prevention and alarm device sends a command to close the motor valve to the gas safety valve through the private network communication module.
  • the gas safety valve receives the instruction and performs corresponding processing.
  • the multi-function gateway judges whether this instruction is to start timing instruction or to open/close the motor valve instruction, if it is to open and close the motor valve instruction, it is sent to the gas safety valve through the private network communication module, and the gas safety valve receives the corresponding After the instruction, make corresponding processing; if it is a timing instruction to start, the multi-function gateway starts counting according to the timing time set by the user, and displays the time synchronously on the user terminal.
  • the user can control the fire prevention and alarm device through the user terminal, for example, to control the working state of the warning module in the fire prevention and alarm device.
  • the method of controlling the fire prevention and alarm device is similar to the method of controlling the gas safety valve, specifically, it sends related action commands to the fire prevention and alarm device through the server and the multi-function gateway in sequence.
  • the valve control module After installing the gas safety valve, the motor valve is in the closed state. After installing the lithium battery for the gas safety valve for the first time, the internal components of the gas safety valve work normally.
  • the valve control module obtains a pressure value from the pressure sensor. This pressure value is the atmospheric pressure value of the environment in which the gas safety valve is currently located, which is recorded as P a , and the local atmospheric pressure value P a is stored in the EEPROM inside the valve control module. In the case of battery replacement and power-on, it is not necessary to obtain the value again.
  • the valve control module After the user opens the motor valve by pressing the valve switch key 5, the valve control module obtains the pressure value measured by the pressure sensor every certain interval (for example, 5s). This pressure value is the gas pressure value in the current gas pipeline, which is recorded as P b .
  • P b the pressure upper limit value
  • the central control board 7 When the user presses the valve opening key 5, the central control board 7 obtains a low-level signal, and when the valve opening key 5 is released, the central control board 7 obtains a high-level signal, thereby judging whether the button is in a pressed state or released status.
  • the central control board 7 detects that the user presses the valve switch key 5, the central control board 7 performs switching between the two operations of opening the motor valve and closing the motor valve.
  • the center The control board 7 automatically determines whether the current gas pressure in the gas pipeline is within the normal range, and whether the current gas pipeline has dangerous conditions such as loose gas pipeline interface, broken hose, and falling hose. Only when the current gas pressure in the gas pipeline is within the normal range When there is no abnormality in the current gas pipeline, the action of opening the motor valve is performed to ensure the safety of the user's gas.
  • the valve control module automatically closes the motor valve .
  • the gas pressure value P b in the gas pipeline between the motor valve and the gas stove is obtained in real time through the pressure sensor. If the gas pipeline in this section is in an absolutely sealed state, the measured gas pressure value P b will not have a downward trend and will always be in a relatively stable pressure state.
  • the measured gas pressure value P b will show a downward trend, and within a certain period of time to the atmospheric pressure value of the external environment Pa , It means that the gas pipeline has loose connections, broken hoses, and loose hoses.
  • the default detection frequency is set to be detected once a day, and the self-test time period is from 0 am to 6 am, that is, the gas safety valve will automatically perform a safety test on the user's gas pipeline every day, and timely feedback on safety Test results.
  • the security risk level is determined according to the size of time T. The smaller the value of time T, the higher the security risk, and the lower the security risk. If the value of time T is infinite, it means normal and no security risk.
  • the present invention initially divides the security risk level into 4 levels (this risk level can be adjusted according to the actual situation), as follows:
  • Time T satisfies T ⁇ 10s, indicating a major security risk.
  • the time T satisfies 10s ⁇ T ⁇ 30s, indicating a greater security risk.
  • Time T satisfies 10s ⁇ T ⁇ 30s, indicating general security risk.
  • Time T satisfies 30s ⁇ T ⁇ 300s, indicating normal and no safety risk.
  • the user should close the gas safety valve to ensure safety after using the gas stove, and then open it again when it is used next time.
  • the ball valve must be manually opened before each fire. Afterwards, the ball valve must be manually closed.
  • some of the ball valves are far away from the gas stove, which is inconvenient for the user.
  • the system can automatically close and open the motor valve regularly according to the time set by the user, that is, the system automatically closes the motor valve every day without the user's complete knowledge, and the gas pipeline interface is loosened or the hose is damaged. Detection, when the fire is to be used again the next day, the motor valve has been opened at the set automatic valve opening time, and the user does not need to manually open the valve, which saves the user time and improves efficiency, so as to ensure safety to a great extent, give Users provide the best experience. At the same time, it also guarantees that families with this system can actively protect to the same extent regardless of how much they know about the gas safety usage regulations, without having to be different because of different user habits and how much they know about gas safety knowledge. .
  • the user can start the gas stove flameout detection function at any time through the application APP.
  • the purpose is to prevent the user from accidentally extinguishing the gas stove fire during long-term use of fire (such as soup), resulting in the failure to complete the normal cooking needs.
  • the specific method for judging whether there is an unexpected flameout during normal use of fire is as follows:
  • the gas safety valve When the gas safety valve receives the flameout detection request, it will detect whether the flameout accidentally occurs during normal fire in the time period set by the user. Since there is a normal fire on the stove, there will be a continuous flow above the gas pipeline, that is, the gas in the gas pipeline flows at a certain speed toward the air outlet 3. According to the Bernoulli equation:
  • p, ⁇ , v are the pressure, density and velocity of the fluid
  • h is the vertical height
  • g is the acceleration of gravity
  • C is a constant.
  • the multi-function gateway is notified through the private network wireless module, and the information is uploaded to the server through the public network communication module of the multi-function gateway. After the server receives this information, the message is displayed on the user terminal through the public network communication module to facilitate the user Handle in time to avoid affecting the user's normal meal time.
  • the infrared matrix sensor collects the temperature values of 64 location points on the stove and the room temperature every 5s, and compares the temperature values of the 64 location points obtained before and after two times.
  • the preset temperature difference threshold value in the data processing module is D.
  • the maximum temperature value of the 64 temperature points obtained last time is T max1 , and the maximum temperature value of the 64 temperature points obtained after one time is recorded. T max2 .
  • the value of the temperature difference D is set to 20°C. Then, when T max2 -T max1 >20°C, it is considered abnormal. When the food in the pot is not dry, it will keep the pot within a certain temperature range through the volatilization of water vapor.
  • the fire prevention and alarm device can also determine whether someone is located in front of the stove by analyzing the temperature value acquired by the infrared array sensor.
  • the prompt module 6 for prompting the user of the current working state of the gas safety valve and the current state of the gas pipeline, including the motor valve is opened, the motor valve is closed, the power supply module A4 has insufficient power, and the gas pipeline is present Loose connection, broken hose, loose hose or underpressure or overpressure.
  • the prompt module 6 is four LED indicators with different colors.
  • the safety valve housing 1 is provided with a through hole for exposing the prompt module 6.
  • the safety valve housing 1 is provided with a panel, and four LED indicators are placed on the panel.
  • the yellow LED indicator flashes, indicating that the current motor valve is open.
  • the green LED indicator flashes, indicating that the current motor valve is closed.
  • the blue LED indicator flashes, indicating that the current lithium battery is low and needs to be replaced in time.
  • the red LED indicator flashes, indicating that the current gas pipeline is detected to have abnormal gas underpressure or overpressure.
  • the invention facilitates the user to accurately understand the current working state of the gas safety valve by setting the LED indicator light.
  • the multi-function gateway further includes a voice broadcast module for prompting users of gas safety valves and multi-function gateway related information.
  • the voice broadcast module plays the corresponding voice content according to the needs, such as: overpressure valve closing prompt, underpressure valve closing prompt, fire on the gas stove extinguishes unexpectedly, the current motor valve is opened, the current motor valve is closed, the timing time has expired, the gas pipeline Information such as loose connections and risk of hose damage.
  • the fire prevention and alarm device further includes a human body recognition module for detecting human body signals in the kitchen, and the human body recognition module sends the detected human body recognition signals to the data processing module.
  • the PIR pyroelectric infrared sensor is used as the body recognition module.
  • the processing chip performs corresponding processing according to the human body data detected by the PIR pyroelectric infrared sensor. If the PIR pyroelectric infrared sensor detects that there is no one in the kitchen or someone is in the kitchen but is not in front of the stove, it will directly alarm through the warning module; if it detects that there is someone in the kitchen and is in front of the stove, it will not alarm.
  • the CO concentration is significantly higher than 0.5ppm and has a clear upward trend, and tends to be high
  • the warning module is used to make an alarm in time, that is, the buzzer sounds, the LED
  • the indicator light changes from the normal state to the abnormal state, and the prompt unit reminds the user to check whether the stove is within the measurable range of the infrared array sensor. If it is determined that the stove is within the measurable range of the infrared array sensor, the user is reminded that the infrared array sensor may be damaged and needs to be replaced in time.
  • the fire prevention and alarm device further includes an environment detection module for detecting the concentration of ambient gas in the kitchen, and the environment detection module sends the detected concentration data to the data processing module.
  • the environment detection module uses a CO sensor and a smoke sensor. Obtain the gas concentration in the kitchen environment through the CO sensor and smoke sensor, and send the detected concentration data to the processing chip.
  • the processing chip performs comprehensive calculation based on the received data to make a correct calculation output, avoiding the use of a single detection device The resulting false alarms improve the accuracy of the device in preventing alarms.
  • the CO concentration is maintained at the normal concentration of CO in the air (that is, less than 0.5ppm), And the duration of this state exceeds 3min, it is considered that there is a risk of leakage in the gas pipeline, and the alarm module is used to make an alarm in time, that is, the voice prompt unit reminds the user that there is a risk of leakage in the gas pipeline, the buzzer sounds, and the LED light turns from the normal state to Abnormal state.
  • the fire prevention and alarm device sends a command to close the motor valve to the gas safety valve through the private network communication module.
  • the valve control module receives the command and closes the motor valve to prevent the gas from continuing to leak, thereby avoiding a safety accident.
  • the fire prevention and alarm device further includes a timing unit for calculating the time when the user leaves the kitchen during the cooking process.
  • the timing unit is integrated inside the data processing module and records the time set in the data processing module
  • the threshold is S.
  • the data processing module automatically starts the timing unit integrated in it, and the timing unit starts to calculate the time when the user leaves the kitchen.
  • the processing chip actively alerts through the warning module, and reminds the user to perform timely processing through the user terminal.
  • the timing unit is started, within time S, if the user appears in the kitchen again, the data processing module automatically turns off the timing unit, and the timing unit stops calculation.
  • the user can also change the time threshold S through the user terminal. For example, in the case of a longer cooking time, the user can change the time threshold 30min to 1h. It solves the need to manually participate in the opening, closing, and time setting of the kitchen timer, and cannot fundamentally solve the problem of hidden safety problems caused by forgetting to turn off the fire.

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Abstract

一种主动型厨房安全监测系统,涉及燃气安全使用技术领域,包括火灾预防报警装置、燃气安全阀、多功能网关、服务器、用户终端。火灾预防报警装置向多功能网关发送实时监测的厨房灶具上多个位置点的温度数据和厨具使用安全报警信息;燃气安全阀将燃气管道压力数据、电机阀工作状态信息和燃气使用安全报警信息发送至多功能网关;多功能网关将接收到的所有数据通过服务器发送至用户终端、接收并执行用户终端发出的操作指令;服务器存储各种数据并传送操作指令;用户终端用于用户查看数据信息并控制燃气安全阀和多功能网关。通过完成燃气和厨房灶具使用安全的自主检测,实现了安全事故的提前预测及通知,减少了燃气使用安全隐患。

Description

一种主动型厨房安全监测系统 技术领域
本发明涉及燃气安全使用技术领域,具体涉及一种主动型厨房安全监测系统。
背景技术
用户在使用厨房灶具过程中,一般都需要人照看,以防止烹饪时出现意外事故(特别是忘记关火后导致的火灾)。但在实际生活中,经常会发生烹饪者因为其他事务而暂时离开厨房,在做其他事务过程中,常常会遗忘了灶具上正在烹饪。并且,随着社会老龄化的日益加剧,老年人群基数日益增大,而老人随着年龄的增长,记忆逐步衰退,必然导致因离开厨房时间过长忘记关火的情况会逐步增加,即意味着忘记关火这一个家庭厨房火灾的重要隐患也会逐步增加。目前,市面上出现有厨房定时器之类的产品,通过对厨房定时器进行设置来避免用户离开厨房时忘记关火的情况。但是,厨房定时器的开启、关闭、时间设定均需要人为手动参与,否则将不能起作用。所以,即便购置了厨房定时器产品,也不能根本解决因为忘记关火而引起的安全隐患。
为了解决上面的问题,现有的用于厨房火灾安全监测的产品主要是烟雾报警器、红外或紫外火灾探测器和一些通过摄像头进行图像识别的火灾探测设备,而在厨房这种本来就会有明火作业及大量烟雾产生(烹饪时产生的正常油烟)的场所,容易导致火灾探测设备误报。若使用通过摄像头进行图像识别的火灾探测设备,不仅存在成本高、通信带宽占用较大的弊端,还涉及个人隐私被泄露的风险。上述火灾探测设备均属于被动型探测设备,即只有当火灾事故已经发生了才会产生报警操作,而此时其实已经造成了一定程度的损失。
而对于喜欢煲汤的家庭来说,大多都有过正常煲汤过程中熄火的体验,其原因在于,煲汤时常使用小火,当出现气压偏低、或者灶旁边的风比较大时,所使用的小火由于火苗较小,都有可能导致小火熄灭,而现有灶具根据国家标准,都做了熄火保护装置,这些情况熄火后并不会导致安全事故发生,但是会打破用户的生活安排,影响用户的生活。因此,用户极其希望有一种产品能够智能的实现灶具正常用火时,在意外熄火后,主动提醒用户的功能,不影响用户的正常安排,也不需要用户一直站在炉灶旁而不能处理其他事务。而现在市面上并没有可以智能判断正常用火时意外熄火后主动远程在线提醒用户的产品。
目前,入户的燃气管道均是通过调压设备将输送管道的燃气压力进行调压到一定压力范围再输送给用户。当调压设备出现工作异常、正在调试调压以及停气等原因导致用户燃气管道出现欠压或者过压时,均容易导致燃气安全事故。另外,由于燃气表后端球阀到燃气灶之间的连接大多采用软管或者波纹管,如果是使用软管,其使用寿命较短,且容易被老 鼠等外界力量损坏,导致管道燃气泄漏从而发生安全事故。因此,为了避免此类现象发生,现在市面上出现有利用机械原理设计、安装在家庭低压燃气管道用于检测燃气管道压力超压、欠压以及过流等的装置,例如自闭阀,同时,还有用于预防燃气安全事故的燃气报警器加电磁联动切断阀方案。
现有机械式自闭阀是通过流经阀门的燃气的压力差,达到足够的门限值之后,才能触发安全关闭的功能,要达到其判断的门限值,所需要的流量需要达到1.2m/h左右,即当流量在1.2m/h以下时,这类机械式自闭阀是不会关闭阀门的。然而,家庭燃气管道经常出现的问题是软管被老鼠撕咬、软管接口处老化、松动或者脱落,这些情况都是缓慢变化的,刚开始松动或者刚开始被老鼠咬坏,所产生的流量都是极小的(低于0.016m/h),现有的机械式自闭阀等装置无法实现微小流量的检测,这是目前燃气自闭阀这类机械式产品最大的缺陷。同时,这类自闭阀由于是纯机械式结构,不具备远程远比操作的功能,当用户外出忘记关闭燃气阀时,无法通过其他方式主动关闭阀门。这类机械式自闭阀具有门限值过高,覆盖范围窄,精确度低,无法自动定期对燃气软管接口松动、老鼠撕咬、软管老化等情况进行安全检查,用户无法远程在线查看和控制阀门状态等缺陷。
采用燃气报警器加电磁联动切断阀方案主要有两大缺点,一是燃气报警器的燃气传感器的寿命非常短,需要定期校准,否则就无效,而现在安装在用户家里的燃气报警器的燃气传感器基本都没有在一定时间内进行校准,绝大多数燃气报警器都已经超过其内部燃气传感器的使用寿命;二是这类燃气报警器属于浓度型检测,在不同的空间检测灵敏度不同,用户厨房窗户在打开状态下,空气中的燃气被疏通到室外,室内浓度一直达不到燃气报警器设置的门限值,即便存在燃气软管松动或被老鼠咬坏等情况,燃气传感器也无法检测出燃气泄漏。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于:为解决现有的燃气安全事故及厨房火灾等安全事故都是在事故发生后才进一步采取行动,无法实现自主检测是否存在燃气使用安全问题,及时提醒人员采取相应措施导致的无法避免厨房安全隐患和经济损失的问题,提供了一种主动型厨房安全监测系统。
本发明采用的技术方案如下:
一种主动型厨房安全监测系统,包括用于连接系统各组成部分的通信模块,还包括火灾预防报警装置、燃气安全阀、多功能网关、服务器和用户终端,火灾预防报警装置、燃气安全阀和多功能网关之间通讯连接,多功能网关连接服务器后连接用户终端,其中:
火灾预防报警装置,基于实时监测到的厨房灶具上多个位置点的温度数据判定厨具是否 存在火灾隐患,根据判定结果判断是否发送厨具使用安全报警信息至多功能网关、是否发送关闭电机阀指令至燃气安全阀,并向多功能网关发送实时监测到的温度数据;
燃气安全阀,根据燃气管道内部压力控制自身内部电机阀的工作状态,并将燃气管道内部压力数据、电机阀工作状态信息和燃气使用安全报警信息发送至多功能网关,同时还接收来自多功能网关的开启/关闭电机阀指令;燃气使用安全报警信息包括意外熄火、燃气管道超压、燃气管道欠压以及燃气管道存在接口松动、软管破损、软管脱落情况;
多功能网关,接收温度数据、燃气管道内部压力数据、电机阀工作状态信息、燃气使用安全报警信息和厨具使用安全报警信息,将接收到的所有数据通过服务器发送至用户终端,以及接收并执行用户终端发出的操作指令;
服务器,存储温度数据、燃气管道内部压力数据和电机阀工作状态信息,接收并传送由用户终端发出的操作指令;操作指令包括定时、开启电机阀和关闭电机阀;
用户终端,用户查看火灾预防报警装置采集到的各种数据、燃气管道内部压力数据、电机阀工作状态信息、燃气使用安全报警信息和厨具使用安全报警信息,并控制燃气安全阀和多功能网关。
进一步地,所述燃气安全阀包括安全阀壳体,安全阀壳体内部设有密闭式阀门腔体,密闭式阀门腔体上开设有进气口和出气口,密闭式阀门腔体内设有连接进气口和出气口的电机阀、设于电机阀出气端的压力传感器;安全阀壳体内位于密闭式阀门腔体外侧还设有中央控制板、阀门开关键、供电模块A,安全阀壳体上开设有用于露出阀门开关键、进气口和出气口的通孔,电机阀、压力传感器、阀门开关键、供电模块A均连接中央控制板;
中央控制板集成有私网通信模块和具有定时检测和熄火检测功能的阀门控制模块,阀门控制模块用于控制电机阀开闭状态,以及根据压力传感器检测到的数据判断是否存在意外熄火、燃气管道是否存在超压或欠压、燃气管道是否存在接口松动、软管破损、软管脱落情况。
进一步地,所述燃气安全阀还包括提示模块,用于提示用户当前电机阀工作状态信息及燃气管道使用状态,包括电机阀已开启、电机阀已关闭、供电模块A电量不足、燃气管道存在接口松动、软管破损、软管脱落或欠压或超压情况;安全阀壳体上开设有用于露出提示模块的通孔,提示模块、阀门开关键、供电模块A通过导线或FPC连接中央控制板。
进一步地,所述密闭式阀门腔体上开设有具有密封功能的出线口,密闭式阀门腔体内位于出线口所在位置处设有密封接头,压力传感器的导线和电机阀的导线均从出线口引出并与中央控制板连接。
进一步地,所述火灾预防报警装置包括为该装置各组成部分供电的电源管理模块、用于 连接燃气安全阀和多功能网关的私网通信模块、警示模块,还包括:
红外阵列传感器,用于实时监测厨房灶具上若干个位置点的温度,并将监测到的所有温度数据发送至数据处理模块;
数据处理模块,接收红外阵列传感器监测到的数据并发送至多功能网关,找出前后两次接收到的温度数据中的最大温度值T max1和T max2,基于温度值T max1和T max2的差值大小判断厨具是否存在火灾隐患,若是,则通过警示模块进行报警,并向多功能网关发送厨具使用安全报警信息、向燃气安全阀发送关闭电机阀指令。
进一步地,所述火灾预防报警装置还包括用于检测厨房内人体信号的人体识别模块、用于检测厨房环境中气体浓度的环境检测模块,人体识别模块、环境检测模块均连接数据处理模块。
进一步地,所述数据处理模块内集成有用于计算用户在烹饪过程中离开厨房时间的计时单元。
进一步地,所述多功能网关包括供电模块B、微控制模块、用于连接燃气安全阀和火灾预防报警装置的私网无线通信模块、用于连接服务器的公网无线通信模块、显示模块、按键控制模块。
进一步地,所述多功能网关还包括用于提示用户燃气安全阀、多功能网关相关信息的语音播报模块。
进一步地,所述按键控制模块包括7个控制按键,具体如下:
1个忽略按键,用于在异常报警状态下,通过按下此按键停止报警;
1个阀门控制按键,用于改变当前电机阀的工作状态;
5个选择按键,分别为设定定时时间的小时、十分、分以及清零、启动,用于用户控制燃气安全阀中电机阀的关闭。
综上所述,由于采用了上述技术方案,本发明的有益效果是:
1、本发明中,通过火灾预防报警装置对厨房灶具上的温度状态进行监测,燃气安全阀根据燃气管道内部压力数据控制自身内部电机阀的工作状态,同时还接收并执行来自火灾预防报警装置、多功能网关、用户终端的指令。并且,用户可通过用户终端对燃气安全阀和多功能网关进行控制,以及查看本系统在工作过程中采集到的相关数据及信息。本系统实现了对燃气使用安全的自主检测,根据检测结果直接采取相应措施或提醒用户采取相应措施,避免了燃气安全隐患,减少了经济损失,极具实用性。
2、本发明中,燃气安全阀通过内部的高精度数字压力传感器实时获取燃气管道内部的气体压力数据,无使用寿命限制,弥补了现有燃气报警器的燃气传感器使用寿命短无法及 时校准导致失效的问题。本发明的燃气安全阀的效果不受用户厨房环境的限制,不受用户是否开窗,厨房空间大小等因素的影响,在任何条件下测试灵敏度都一致,弥补了现有燃气报警器在不同环境灵敏度不同的不足。
3、本发明中,燃气安全阀能够在指定的燃气管道检测时间段在线自动检测燃气管道的风险情况,弥补了现有机械式自闭阀无法检测任意不同程度的燃气管道接口轻微松动、软管轻微破损的问题,可以做到一天一次的安全检查,及时发现燃气管道的微小松动或者破损,真正做到将一切事故都消灭在萌芽状态。
4、本发明中,系统使用私网无线通信模块及公网无线通信模块配合,让用户或者其他相关部门,能够远程在线控制燃气安全阀,同时在线掌握燃气安全阀的状态,弥补了现有技术无法让用户远程控制,无法远程通知用户报警信息等不足。
5、本发明中,实时在线的给燃气使用管理安全相关部门提供了燃气风险情况风险等级数据,让燃气使用安全管理的相关部门能够根据这些数据合理安排有限的人力物力对风险严重、危险等级高的用户进行优先处理,提高了相关部门的效率,大大降低了燃气安全事故的发生概率。
6、本发明中,基于伯努利原理,使燃气安全阀主动控制阀门开口尺寸并获得相应压力,从而判断燃气管道是否有流量产生,从而帮助用户实时监测燃气灶上的正常用火是否意外熄灭,并主动远程在线通知用户,让用户能够及时处理。
7、本发明中,系统能够让用户在不使用用户终端的情况下,通过快速操作多功能网关上面的按键,实现对燃气安全阀的开关控制以及实现定时功能,大大提高了用户体验。
8、本发明中,通过红外阵列传感器对厨房灶具上多个位置点的温度进行监测,通过数据处理模块找出前后两次接收到的温度数据中的最大温度值,基于两个最大温度值之间的差值判断是否存在火灾风险。根据判断结果决定是否发送厨具使用安全报警信息给多功能网关、是否发送关闭电机阀指令给燃气安全阀。本火灾预防报警装置能不受厨房灶具正常使用产生的明火和正常烹饪产生的烟雾的影响,对火灾进行提前预测并通知用户做出相应的处理,减少了厨房火灾隐患。
9、本发明中,通过人体识别模块对厨房内是否存在人、人是否位于灶台前进行检测,将检测到数据发送至数据处理模块,通过数据处理模块结合红外阵列传感器监测到的数据进行综合计算。在两个最大温度差之间的差值大于数据处理模块中预设的温差阈值的情况下,若厨房里无人或有人在厨房但并不位于灶台前,则直接通过警示模块进行报警;若有人在厨房并位于灶台前时,则不进行报警。该操作对不同情况采取不同的处理方式,设计合理。
10、本发明中,通过环境检测模块检测厨房内环境气体浓度,再将检测到的数据发送至数据处理模块,通过数据处理模块结合其他数据进行综合计算,提高了本火灾预防报警装置报警的准确率,避免了采用单一传感器进行检测所导致的误报情况。
11、本发明中,在厨房内灶具正在烹饪的情况下,当检测到厨房内没人时,数据处理模块自动启动集成于其内部的计时单元,计时单元开始计算用户离开厨房的时间。当用户再次出现在厨房内时,数据处理模块自动关闭计时单元,计时单元停止计算。保证了在不需要用户主动参与定时的情况下,在用户离开厨房后,自动启动计时单元。当超过一定时间,仍没有人出现在厨房时,立即通过警示模块进行报警,便于及时通知用户处理灶台上的烹饪工作。
12、本发明中,电源管理模块为将市电电源作为主电源、将可充电电池作为辅助电源的两路供电电源。当市电停电时,通过可充电电池给火灾预防报警装置提供应急供电,保证了在停电期间,火灾预防报警装置能正常监控厨房的状态。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例的技术方案,下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,应当理解,以下附图仅示出了本发明的某些实施例,因此不应被看作是对范围的限定,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他相关的附图。
图1为本发明的系统整体结构框图;
图2为本发明的燃气安全阀的整体结构示意图;
图3为本发明的燃气安全阀的内部结构整体示意图;
图4为本发明的燃气安全阀内部结构的正视图;
图5为本发明的燃气安全阀内部结构的俯视图。
图中标记:1-安全阀壳体、2-进气口、3-出气口、4-供电模块A、5-阀门开关键、6-提示模块、7-中央控制板、8-密闭式阀门腔体。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白,以下结合附图及实施例,对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解,此处所描述的具体实施例仅用以解释本发明,并不用于限定本发明,即所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。通常在此处附图中描述和示出的本发明实施例的组件可以以各种不同的配置来布置和设计。因此,以下对在附图中提供的本发明的实施例的详细描述并非旨在限制要求保护的本 发明的范围,而是仅仅表示本发明的选定实施例。基于本发明的实施例,本领域技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
需要说明的是,术语“第一”和“第二”等之类的关系术语仅仅用来将一个实体或者操作与另一个实体或操作区分开来,而不一定要求或者暗示这些实体或操作之间存在任何这种实际的关系或者顺序。而且,术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含,从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备不仅包括那些要素,而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素,或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者设备所固有的要素。在没有更多限制的情况下,由语句“包括一个……”限定的要素,并不排除在包括所述要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备中还存在另外的相同要素。
一种主动型厨房安全监测系统,包括用于连接系统各组成部分的通信模块、火灾预防报警装置、燃气安全阀、多功能网关、服务器和用户终端,火灾预防报警装置、燃气安全阀和多功能网关之间通讯连接,多功能网关连接服务器后连接用户终端。其中:
通信模块包括公网通信模块和私网通信模块,私网通信模块的选择包括但不限于LORA、ZIGBEE、Sub-1GHz。公网通信模块的选择包括但不限于GPRS、WIFI、蓝牙、2G、3G、4G、5G,如:ESP8266-12S、M6310。
火灾预防报警装置,基于实时监测到的厨房灶具上多个位置点的温度数据判定厨具是否存在火灾隐患,根据判定结果判断是否发送厨具使用安全报警信息至多功能网关、是否发送关闭电机阀指令至燃气安全阀,并向多功能网关发送实时监测到的温度数据。
燃气安全阀,根据燃气管道内部压力控制自身内部电机阀的工作状态,并将燃气管道内部压力数据、电机阀工作状态信息和燃气使用安全报警信息发送至多功能网关,同时还接收来自多功能网关的开启/关闭电机阀指令。燃气使用安全报警信息包括意外熄火、燃气管道超压、燃气管道欠压以及燃气管道存在接口松动、软管破损、软管脱落情况。
多功能网关,接收温度数据、燃气管道内部压力数据、电机阀工作状态信息、燃气使用安全报警信息和厨具使用安全报警信息,将接收到的所有数据通过服务器发送至用户终端,以及接收并执行用户终端发出的操作指令。
服务器,存储温度数据、燃气管道内部压力数据和电机阀工作状态信息,接收并传送由用户终端发出的操作指令;操作指令包括定时、开启电机阀和关闭电机阀。
用户终端,用户查看火灾预防报警装置采集到的各种数据、燃气管道内部压力数据、电机阀工作状态信息、燃气使用安全报警信息和厨具使用安全报警信息,并控制燃气安全阀和多功能网关。
进一步地,所述燃气安全阀包括安全阀壳体1,安全阀壳体1内部设有密闭式阀门腔体 8,密闭式阀门腔体8上开设有进气口2和出气口3,密闭式阀门腔体8内设有连接进气口2和出气口3的电机阀、设于电机阀出气端的压力传感器。安全阀壳体1内位于密闭式阀门腔体8外侧还设有中央控制板7、阀门开关键5、供电模块A4,安全阀壳体1上开设有用于露出阀门开关键5、进气口2和出气口3的通孔,电机阀、压力传感器、阀门开关键5、供电模块A4均连接中央控制板7。
中央控制板7集成有私网通信模块和具有定时检测和熄火检测功能的阀门控制模块,阀门控制模块用于控制电机阀开闭状态,以及根据压力传感器检测到的数据判断是否存在意外熄火、燃气管道是否存在超压或欠压、燃气管道是否存在接口松动、软管破损、软管脱落情况。
本发明中,供电模块A4采用锂电池或碱性电池或锂电池与碱性电池或适配器与锂电池或适配器与碱性电池。压力传感器采用BMP280传感器或其他类型的绝压传感器或差压传感器,如QMP6988、MS5525。
其中,检测燃气管道是否存在过压或超压的具体方法如下:
安装完燃气安全阀后,通过供电模块A4为燃气安全阀中各电子元器件供电,使燃气安全阀内部电路正常工作,阀门控制模块从压力传感器处获取一个压力值,此压力值为燃气安全阀当前所处环境的大气压值,记为P a
阀门控制模块每间隔一定时间获取一次压力传感器测量到的压力值,此压力值为燃气管道内的气体压力值,记为P b
比较气体压力值P a和P b的大小,若P b-P a>P u,则表示燃气管道超压,通过用户终端提醒用户;若P b-P a<P l,则表示燃气管道欠压,通过用户终端提醒用户;其中,P u、P l分别表示阀门控制模块预先设定的压力上限值和压力下限值。
检测正常用火时是否意外熄灭的具体方法如下:
通过用户终端开启燃气安全阀的熄火检测功能;
每间隔时间m调整一次电机阀的阀门开口大小,同时通过压力传感器实时获取此时燃气管道内的气体压力值P b
基于伯努利原理,根据检测到的气体压力值P b判断当前燃气灶上的火是在正常燃烧还是火已意外熄灭,若判断出火已意外熄灭,则通过用户终端提醒用户。
检测燃气管道是否存在接口松动、软管破损、软管脱落的具体方法如下:
设定定时检测时间段,在设定的定时检测时间段内,关闭电机阀,通过压力传感器实时获取电机阀与燃气灶之间的这段燃气管道内部的气体压力值P b
若获取的气体压力值P b未存在下降趋势,则表示该段燃气管道完好;若获取的气体压力 值P b呈下降趋势,并在一定时间内下降到与当地大气压值P a相当,则表示燃气管道存在接口松动、软管破损、软管脱落情况,通过用户终端提醒用户。
进一步地,所述燃气安全阀还包括提示模块6,用于提示用户当前电机阀工作状态信息及燃气管道使用状态,包括电机阀已开启、电机阀已关闭、供电模块A4电量不足、燃气管道存在接口松动、软管破损、软管脱落或欠压或超压情况。安全阀壳体1上开设有用于露出提示模块6的通孔,提示模块6、阀门开关键5、供电模块A4通过导线或FPC连接中央控制板7。本发明中,显示模块可采用段码LCD显示屏、LED显示屏、TFT或者OLED等其他显示方式,用于显示当前实时时钟信息、网络状态、电机阀工作状态信息、供电模块B状态信息。
进一步地,所述密闭式阀门腔体8上开设有具有密封功能的出线口,密闭式阀门腔体8内位于出线口所在位置处设有密封接头,压力传感器的导线和电机阀的导线均从出线口引出并与中央控制板7连接。
进一步地,所述火灾预防报警装置包括为该装置各组成部分供电的电源管理模块、用于连接燃气安全阀和多功能网关的私网通信模块、警示模块。火灾预防报警装置还包括红外阵列传感器和数据处理模块,其中:
红外阵列传感器,用于实时监测厨房灶具上若干个位置点的温度,并将每次监测到的所有温度数据发送至数据处理模块。红外阵列传感器的型号的选择包括但不限于MLX90621、MLX90640、AMG8853。
数据处理模块,接收红外阵列传感器监测到的数据并发送至多功能网关,找出前后两次接收到的温度数据中的最大温度值T max1和T max2,基于温度值T max1和T max2的差值大小判断厨具是否存在火灾隐患,若是,则通过警示模块进行报警,并向多功能网关发送厨具使用安全报警信息、向燃气安全阀发送关闭电机阀指令。
警示模块包括语音提示单元、蜂鸣器和LED指示单元。
电源管理模块包括可充电电池、电源接口、供电模式切换电路、充电电路、稳压电路及保护电路,电源接口通过保护电路连接有市电电源。市电电源经保护电路及充电电路后连接可充电电池,可充电电池经供电模式切换电路后连接电源接口,电源接口连接稳压电路,通过稳压电路将供电电压转换为本火灾预防报警装置所需大小的电压,可充电电池可选用锂电池。
进一步地,所述火灾预防报警装置还包括用于检测厨房内人体信号的人体识别模块、用于检测厨房环境中气体浓度的环境检测模块,人体识别模块、环境检测模块均连接数据处理模块。其中,人体识别模块的选择包括但不限于PIR热释电红外传感器、人体探测雷达、 超声波模组、红外或激光测距模组。环境检测模块的选择包括但不限于甲烷传感器、CO传感器和烟雾传感器,可采用任一或组合。
进一步地,所述数据处理模块内集成有用于计算用户在烹饪过程中离开厨房时间的计时单元。
进一步地,所述多功能网关包括供电模块B、微控制模块、用于连接燃气安全阀和火灾预防报警装置的私网无线通信模块、用于连接服务器的公网无线通信模块、显示模块、按键控制模块。
进一步地,所述多功能网关还包括用于提示用户燃气安全阀、多功能网关相关信息的语音播报模块。
进一步地,所述按键控制模块包括7个控制按键,具体如下:
1个忽略按键,用于在异常报警状态下,通过按下此按键停止报警;
1个阀门控制按键,用于改变当前电机阀的工作状态;
5个选择按键,分别为设定定时时间的小时、十分、分以及清零、启动,用于用户控制燃气安全阀中电机阀的关闭。
以下结合实施例对本发明的特征和性能作进一步的详细描述。
实施例1
本发明较佳实施例提供的一种主动型厨房安全监测系统,如图1所示,包括火灾预防报警装置、燃气安全阀、多功能网关、服务器和用户终端,火灾预防报警装置、燃气安全阀和多功能网关之间通过私网通信模块无线信号相互通信,多功能网关通过公网通信模块连接服务器后再连接用户终端。本实施例中,私网通信模块选用SX1278,公网通信模块采用WIFI。本系统各组成部分具体介绍如下:
火灾预防报警装置安装于厨房内的吊顶上,并使灶具刚好位于红外阵列传感器的视场范围的中间位置。火灾预防报警装置包括为该装置各组成部分供电的电源管理模块、用于连接燃气安全阀和多功能网关的私网通信模块、红外阵列传感器、数据处理模块和警示模块,其中:
红外阵列传感器实时监测厨房灶具上64个位置点的温度和室内温度,并将每次监测到的所有温度数据发送至数据处理模块。本实施例中,红外阵列传感器选用MLX90621。
数据处理模块,接收红外阵列传感器监测到的数据并发送至多功能网关,找出前后两次接收到的温度数据中的最大温度值T max1和T max2,基于温度值T max1和T max2的差值大小判断厨具是否存在火灾隐患,若是,则通过警示模块进行报警,并向多功能网关发送厨具使用安全报警信息、向燃气安全阀发送关闭电机阀指令。本实施例中,数据处理模块包括处理 芯片和flash存储模块,处理芯片选用STM32F030CC,flash存储模块选用SST26VF032。
警示模块包括语音提示单元、蜂鸣器和LED发光灯。
电源管理模块包括可充电电池、电源接口、供电模式切换电路、充电电路、稳压电路及保护电路,电源接口通过保护电路连接有市电电源。市电电源经保护电路及充电电路后连接可充电电池,可充电电池经供电模式切换电路后连接电源接口,电源接口连接稳压电路,通过稳压电路将供电电压转换为本火灾预防报警装置所需大小的电压,可充电电池可选用锂电池。当市电停电时,通过可充电电池为本火灾预防报警装置提供电源,确保在停电期间,该装置能正常监控厨房内的状态。供电模式切换电路用于控制主电源和辅助电源之间的切换,充电电路为市电正常供电的情况下,自动为可充电电池进行充电,保护电路用于防止供电电源正负极接反时,电源管理模块内部的电路受到损坏。
火灾预防报警装置,基于实时监测到的厨房灶具上多个位置点的温度数据判定厨具是否存在火灾隐患,根据判定结果判断是否发送厨具使用安全报警信息至多功能网关、是否发送关闭电机阀指令至燃气安全阀,并向多功能网关发送实时监测到的温度数据。
燃气安全阀的输入口连接燃气表后端球阀,输入口连接燃气灶的波纹管或软管。如图2至图5所示,燃气安全阀包括安全阀壳体1,安全阀壳体1内部设有密闭式阀门腔体8,密闭式阀门腔体8上开设有进气口2和出气口3,密闭式阀门腔体8内设有连接进气口2和出气口3的电机阀、设于电机阀出气端的压力传感器。安全阀壳体1内位于密闭式阀门腔体8外侧还设有中央控制板7、阀门开关键5、供电模块A4,安全阀壳体1上开设有用于露出阀门开关键5、进气口2和出气口3的通孔。
密闭式阀门腔体8上开设有具有密封功能的出线口,密闭式阀门腔体8内位于出线口所在位置处设有密封接头,压力传感器的导线和电机阀的导线均从出线口引出并与中央控制板7连接。阀门开关键5、供电模块A4均通过导线连接中央控制板7。
压力传感器通过I2C信号将采集到的压力数据传输至中央控制板7,阀门开关键5用于用户直接控制电机阀开闭状态,中央控制板7集成有电源转换模块、私网通信模块和具有定时检测和熄火检测功能的阀门控制模块,阀门控制模块用于控制电机阀开闭状态,以及根据压力传感器检测到的数据判断是否存在意外熄火、燃气管道是否存在超压或欠压、燃气管道是否存在接口松动、软管破损、软管脱落情况。本实施例中,电机阀采用直流电机阀,压力传感器采用BMP280传感器,供电模块A4采用锂电池,中央控制板7中的电源转换模块将锂电池电压转换成3.3V给各器件供电。
燃气安全阀根据燃气管道内部压力控制自身内部电机阀的工作状态,并将燃气管道内部压力数据、电机阀工作状态信息和燃气使用安全报警信息发送至多功能网关,同时还接收 来自多功能网关的开启/关闭电机阀指令。燃气使用安全报警信息包括意外熄火、燃气管道超压、燃气管道欠压以及燃气管道存在接口松动、软管破损、软管脱落情况。
多功能网关包括供电模块B、微控制模块、用于连接燃气安全阀和火灾预防报警装置的私网无线通信模块、用于连接服务器的公网无线通信模块、显示模块、按键控制模块。其中,供电模块B采用将市电(如90V~265V范围的交流电)转换成本系统可以直接使用的5V直流电的ACDC转换模块供电加锂电池供电的双备份供电方式,当用户需要将本多功能网关移动到任何方便的地方使用时,使用内置备用锂电池供电,使用完成后,用户可以将多功能网关的交流插脚端口插入市电供电的插座,以给多功能网关供电和给锂电池充电。显示模块采用段码LCD显示屏,用于显示当前实时时钟信息、网络状态、燃气安全阀工作状态、供电模块B状态信息。按键控制模块包括7个触摸型的控制按键,具体如下:
1个忽略按键,用于在异常报警状态下,通过按下此按键停止报警。
1个阀门控制按键,用于改变当前电机阀的工作状态。当按下此按键时,通过多功能网关中的私网无线通信模块将开启电机阀指令或关闭电机阀指令发送到燃气安全阀,燃气安全阀做出相应动作。
5个选择按键,分别为设定定时时间的小时、十分、分以及清零、启动,用于用户控制燃气安全阀中电机阀的关闭。设定好定时时间并按下启动按键后,多功能网关开始计时,并将该时间同步显示于用户终端。定时时间一到,多功能网关和用户终端同时提醒用户。若用户超时未处理,则自动控制燃气安全阀关闭阀门,预防安全事故发生。
多功能网关接收温度数据、燃气管道内部压力数据、电机阀工作状态信息、燃气使用安全报警信息和厨具使用安全报警信息,将接收到的所有数据通过服务器发送至用户终端,以及接收并执行用户终端发出的操作指令。
服务器通过公网无线通信模块连接多功能网关和用户终端,服务器存储实时监测到的温度数据、燃气管道内部压力数据和电机阀工作状态信息,传送多功能网关接收到的所有数据至用户终端,同时还接收并传送由用户终端发出的操作指令。操作指令包括定时、开启电机阀和关闭电机阀。
用户终端上安装有连接到服务器的应用APP,用户通过该APP查看相关信息及向服务器发送操作指令,以控制燃气安全阀和多功能网关。用户可查看到的相关信息包括火灾预防报警装置采集到的各种数据、燃气管道内部压力数据、电机阀工作状态信息、燃气使用安全报警信息和厨具使用安全报警信息。
本系统大致工作原理如下:
电机阀的工作状态信息、实时监测到的温度数据、燃气管道内部压力数据、厨具使用安 全报警信息、燃气使用安全报警信息通过私网通信模块及时地发送给多功能网关,然后多功能网关通过公网通信模块发送给服务器,服务器通过公网通信模块将接收到的数据实时显示于用户终端。
当存在燃气使用安全报警信息需要告知用户时,首先通过私网通信模块发送给多功能网关,然后多功能网关通过公网通信模块发送给服务器,服务器再通过公网通信模块在用户终端进行报警提示,以此通知用户。存在厨具使用安全报警信息与处理燃气使用安全报警信息的方法类似,当存在厨具使用安全报警信息时,火灾预防报警装置中的数据管理模块通过私网通信模块向燃气安全阀发送关闭电机阀指令,燃气安全阀接收该指令并进行对应处理。
当用户需要查看或者操作燃气安全阀或多功能网关时,打开用户终端的应用APP执行相应操作,用户发出的相应的指令会发送给服务器,服务器收到指令后,通过公网通信模块将该指令发送给多功能网关,多功能网关判断此指令是启动定时指令还是开启/关闭电机阀指令,如果是开闭电机阀指令,则通过私网通信模块发送给燃气安全阀,燃气安全阀接收到相应指令后,做出相应的处理;如果是启动定时指令,则多功能网关根据用户设定的定时时间开始计时,并将该时间同步显示于用户终端。此外,用户还可通过用户终端控制火灾预防报警装置,例如,控制火灾预防报警装置中警示模块的工作状态。控制火灾预防报警装置的方法与控制燃气安全阀的方法类似,具体为依次通过服务器、多功能网关向火灾预防报警装置发送相关的动作指令。
本系统各组成部分的工作原理具体如下:
将燃气安全阀安装完毕后,电机阀处于关闭状态,首次给燃气安全阀安装好锂电池后,燃气安全阀内部各组件正常工作。阀门控制模块从压力传感器处获取一个压力值,此压力值为燃气安全阀当前所处环境的大气压值,记为P a,并将当地大气压值P a存储在阀门控制模块内部的EEPROM中,之后更换电池重新上电等情况,均不需要再重新获取该值。
用户通过按下阀门开关键5打开电机阀后,阀门控制模块每间隔一定时间(例如5s)获取一次压力传感器测量到的压力值,此压力值为当前燃气管道内的气体压力值,记为P b。当燃气管道内的气体压力值P b与当地大气压值P a的差值超过阀门控制模块预先设定的压力上限值P u时,表示燃气管道超压,首先关闭燃气安全阀,再通过用户终端进行报警。当当燃气管道内的气体压力值P b与当地大气压值P a的差值低于阀门控制模块预先设定的压力下限值P l时,表示燃气管道欠压,首先关闭燃气安全阀,再通过用户终端进行报警。本实施例中,压力上限值P u的取值为8KPa±2KPa,压力下限值P l的取值为800Pa±200Pa。
当用户按下阀门开关键5时,中央控制板7获得低电平信号,当松开阀门开关键5时, 中央控制板7获得高电平信号,从而判断该按键是处于按下状态还是释放状态。当中央控制板7检测到用户按下阀门开关键5时,由中央控制板7进行打开电机阀与关闭电机阀两个操作之间的切换,当从关闭电机阀切换到打开电机阀时,中央控制板7自动判断当前燃气管道内气体压力是否在正常范围内,以及当前燃气管道是否有燃气管道接口松动、软管破损、软管脱落等危险情况,只有当当前燃气管道内气体压力在正常范围内且当前燃气管道无任何异常时,才执行打开电机阀动作,以确保用户的用气安全。
本发明检测燃气管道是否存在接口松动、软管破损、软管脱落的具体方法如下:
定义燃气安全阀的自检时间段及检测频率(用户可根据实际情况,在应用APP上调整自检时间段和检测频率),在设定的自检时间段内,阀门控制模块自动关闭电机阀。关闭电机阀后,通过压力传感器实时获取电机阀与燃气灶之间的这段燃气管道内部的气体压力值P b。如若该段燃气管道处于绝对密封状态,则测得的气体压力值P b不会存在下降趋势,并将一直处于相对稳定的压力状态下。如若该段燃气管道存在接口松动或软管破损或软管脱落的情况,则测得的气体压力值P b将呈下降趋势,并在一定时间内下降到与外界环境的大气压值P a相当,则表示燃气管道存在接口松动、软管破损、软管脱落情况。在确定燃气管道存在接口松动、软管破损、软管脱落时,立即关闭电机阀,并将该报警信息通过网络发送至用户终端。本实施例中,默认设定的检测频率为每天检测一次,自检时间段为凌晨0点到早上6点,即燃气安全阀每天将自动对用户的燃气管道进行一次安全检测,并及时反馈安全检测结果。
为了方便相关部门合理安排人员对安全事故进行排查处理,让安全风险更大的得到优先处理,避免燃气安全事故的发生,记录燃气管道内部的气体压力值下降到与外界大气压值相当的时间T,根据时间T的大小确定安全风险等级,时间T的值越小,则表示安全风险越高,反之则表示安全风险越低,若时间T的值为无穷大,则表示正常,无安全风险。
本发明将安全风险等级初步划分为4个等级(本风险等级可根据实际情况进行调整),具体如下:
时间T满足T≤10s,表示重大安全风险。
时间T满足10s<T≤30s,表示较大安全风险。
时间T满足10s<T≤30s,表示一般安全风险。
时间T满足30s≤T≤300s,表示正常无安全风险。
根据燃气安全使用规范要求,用户在用完燃气灶后为了保证安全需要,应关闭燃气安全阀,待下次使用时再打开。但是,在现有机械式的球阀或者机械式自闭阀的情况下,大部分用户不会或者经常忘记在用完燃气灶后主动关闭球阀,因为每次用火前要手动打开球阀, 用完后要手动关闭球阀,一是部分球阀位置离燃气灶位置远,用户不方便操作,二是部分用户根本没有养成这样的习惯或者根本不知道需要这样做才安全。而本系统能根据用户设定的时间,定期对电机阀自动进行关闭和打开,即在用户完全不知的情况下,本系统每天自动关闭电机阀,对燃气管道进行燃气管道接口松动或者软管破损检测,待次日要重新用火时,已在设置的自动开阀时间打开了电机阀,用户无需手动开阀,为用户节约时间、提高效率,从而在极大程度保证安全的前提下,给用户提供最好的体验。同时,还保证安装了本系统的家庭,无论对燃气安全使用规范了解多少与否,都可以同等程度的进行主动保护,无需因为用户的习惯不同,对燃气安全知识了解多少的不同而有所区别。
用户可以在任意时间通过应用APP启动燃气灶熄火检测功能,目的是防止用户在长时间用火(如煲汤)的过程中,出现燃气灶用火意外熄灭,导致没有正常完成烹饪需要。判断正常用火时是否出现意外熄火的具体方法如下:
燃气安全阀在收到熄火检测请求时,会在用户设定的时间段进行正常用火时是否意外熄火的检测。由于灶上有正常用火,所以在燃气管道上面会有持续的流量产生,也就是在燃气管道中的气体以一定的速度在朝向出气口3方向流动。根据伯努利方程:
p+ρgh+(1/2)*ρv 2=C
式中,p、ρ、v分别为流体的压强、密度和速度,h为铅垂高度,g为重力加速度,C为常量。由伯努利原理可知:流速高处压力低,流速低处压力高,即在燃气管道内气体流动过程中,燃气管道直径大的地方气体流速慢、压力高,燃气管道直径小的地方气体流速快、压力低。根据这一原理可得,本系统在现有的结构下,当阀门开口尺寸小时,相同流量流过此处的速度就快,那么此处的气体压力就小,反之则反。通过智能调节气体流过直流电机阀的阀门开口尺寸,可检测燃气灶上的火是否意外熄灭。
通过定期地对电机阀的阀门开口进行控制,并对燃气管道内气体压力值P b进行检测。当发现阀门开口减小,从压力传感器获得的压力值P b也在减小,当阀门开口增大,从压力传感器获得的压力值P b也在增大时,就可以得出结论,此时燃气灶上的火正常燃烧。当发现阀门在不同尺寸大小的开口状态下,从压力传感器获得的压力值P b相当时,说明此时已经没有在用火,燃气灶上的火已经意外熄灭。于是通过私网无线模块通知到多功能网关,通过多功能网关的公网通信模块将此信息上传到服务器,服务器收到此信息后,通过公网通信模块将此消息显示于用户终端,以便用户及时处理,避免影响用户的正常用餐时间。
通过红外矩阵传感器每隔5s采集一次灶具上64个位置点的温度值和室内温度,对比前后两次获取的64个位置点的温度值。记数据处理模块中预设的温差阈值为D,记前一次获取的64个位置点的温度值中最大温度值为T max1,记后一次获取的64个位置点的温度值中 最大温度值为T max2。本实施例中,温差D的取值设为20℃。则当T max2-T max1>20℃时,则认为异常。当锅内的食物没有烧干时,会通过水蒸气挥发的方式,使锅内保持在一定的温度范围内。当锅内的水被烧干时,无法通过水蒸气挥发来保持锅内的温度在一定的温度范围内时,锅具的温度就会急剧上升,使得在50秒以内温度快速上升超过20℃。因此,当对比到前后两次的最大温度值的差值超过20℃时,则认为是锅被烧干,即刻发送报警信号至警示模块,通过警示模块中的蜂鸣器进行报警、语音提醒单元进行语音提示、LED发光灯从正常状态切换至报警状态,及时通知用户危险情况需尽快处理。而此时,厨房内并没有发生火灾,从而实现了火灾的预防。同时,本火灾预防报警装置通过对红外阵列传感器获取的温度值进行分析,也可以判断是否有人位于灶具前。
实施例2
在实施例一的基础上,还包括提示模块6,用于提示用户当前燃气安全阀工作状态及燃气管道当前状态,包括电机阀已开启、电机阀已关闭、供电模块A4电量不足、燃气管道存在接口松动、软管破损、软管脱落或欠压或超压情况。本发明中,提示模块6为4个颜色均不同的LED指示灯。如图3所示,安全阀壳体1上开设有用于露出提示模块6的通孔,安全阀壳体1内设置有面板,在面板上安置4个LED指示灯,当用户对燃气安全阀进行操作时,根据用户操作及当前燃气安全阀工作状态和燃气管道当前状态,通过指示灯呈现不同信息,具体如下:
黄色的LED指示灯闪烁,表示当前电机阀已打开。
绿色的LED指示灯闪烁,表示当前电机阀已关闭。
蓝色的LED指示灯闪烁,表示当前锂电池电量不足,需要及时更换。
红色的LED指示灯闪烁,表示检测到当前燃气管道存在燃气欠压异常或过压异常。
当四个LED指示灯全部闪烁时,表示燃气安全阀存在故障。
本发明通过设置LED指示灯,便于用户准确了解当前燃气安全阀的工作状态。
实施例3
在上述任一实施例的基础上,多功能网关还包括用于提示用户燃气安全阀、多功能网关相关信息的语音播报模块。语音播报模块根据需要播放相应的语音内容,如:超压关阀提示,欠压关阀提示,燃气灶上的火意外熄灭,当前电机阀打开,当前电机阀关闭,定时时间已到,燃气管道接口松动、软管破损风险等信息。
实施例4
在上述任一实施例的基础上,火灾预防报警装置还包括用于检测厨房内人体信号的人体识别模块,人体识别模块将检测到的人体识别信号发送至数据处理模块。本实施例中,人 体识别模块选用PIR热释电红外传感器。当计算结果异常时,处理芯片根据PIR热释电红外传感器检测的人体数据进行对应的处理。若PIR热释电红外传感器检测到厨房内无人或者有人在厨房但并不位于灶具前,则直接通过警示模块进行报警;若检测到厨房内有人且位于灶具前,则不进行报警。
例如,当单次监测到的温度数据中的最大温度值与室内温度相差小于5℃,而燃气管道内部压力为正常值,CO浓度明显高于0.5ppm且有明显上升的趋势,并趋于高于0.5ppm的一个值稳定、且此状态持续时间超过10min,则认为红外阵列传感器可能损坏或灶具不在红外阵列传感器的可测范围内,则及时通过警示模块进行报警,即蜂鸣器响起、LED指示灯从正常状态转至异常状态、提示单元提醒用户检查灶具是否位于红外阵列传感器的可测范围内。若确定灶具位于红外阵列传感器的可测范围内,则提醒用户红外阵列传感器可能损坏、需要及时更换的问题。
实施例5
在上述任一实施例的基础上,火灾预防报警装置还包括用于检测厨房内环境气体浓度的环境检测模块,环境检测模块将检测到的浓度数据发送至数据处理模块。本实施例中,环境检测模块选用CO传感器和烟雾传感器。通过CO传感器和烟雾传感器获取厨房环境中气体的浓度,并将检测到的浓度数据发送至处理芯片,处理芯片根据接收到的数据进行综合计算,做出正确的计算输出,避免了采用单一探测设备所导致的误报情况,提高了本装置预防报警的准确率。
例如,当单次监测到的温度数据中的最大温度值与室内温度相差小于5℃,而燃气管道内部压力为正常值,CO浓度维持在空气中CO的正常浓度(即低于0.5ppm),且此状态持续时间超过3min,则认为燃气管道存在泄漏风险,并及时通过警示模块进行报警,即语音提示单元提醒用户燃气管道存在泄漏风险问题、蜂鸣器响起、LED发光灯从正常状态转至异常状态。同时,火灾预防报警装置通过私网通信模块向燃气安全阀发送关闭电机阀指令,阀门控制模块接收指令并关闭电机阀,阻止燃气继续泄漏,从而避免造成安全事故。
实施例6
在上述实施例四的基础上,火灾预防报警装置还包括用于在烹饪过程中,计算用户离开厨房时间的计时单元,计时单元集成于数据处理模块内部,并记数据处理模块中设定的时间阈值为S。在厨房内灶具正在烹饪的情况下,当检测到厨房内没人时,数据处理模块自动启动集成于其内部的计时单元,计时单元开始计算用户离开厨房的时间,在时间S内,若用户一次都未出现在厨房内时,处理芯片通过警示模块进行主动报警,通过用户终端提醒用户进行及时处理。在计时单元处于启动的前提下,在时间S内,若用户再次出现在厨房 内时,数据处理模块自动关闭计时单元,计时单元停止计算。同时,用户也可通过用户终端更改时间阈值S。例如,在需要较长烹饪时间的情况下,用户可以将时间阈值30min更改为1h。解决了需要手动参与厨房定时器的开启、关闭、时间设定,不能根本解决因为忘记关火而引起的安全隐患问题。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种主动型厨房安全监测系统,包括用于连接系统各组成部分的通信模块,其特征在于,系统还包括火灾预防报警装置、燃气安全阀、多功能网关、服务器和用户终端,火灾预防报警装置、燃气安全阀和多功能网关之间通讯连接,多功能网关连接服务器后连接用户终端,其中:
    火灾预防报警装置,基于实时监测到的厨房灶具上多个位置点的温度数据判定厨具是否存在火灾隐患,根据判定结果判断是否发送厨具使用安全报警信息至多功能网关、是否发送关闭电机阀指令至燃气安全阀,并向多功能网关发送实时监测到的温度数据;
    燃气安全阀,根据燃气管道内部压力控制自身内部电机阀的工作状态,并将燃气管道内部压力数据、电机阀工作状态信息和燃气使用安全报警信息发送至多功能网关,同时还接收来自多功能网关的开启/关闭电机阀指令;燃气使用安全报警信息包括意外熄火、燃气管道超压、燃气管道欠压以及燃气管道存在接口松动、软管破损、软管脱落情况;
    多功能网关,接收温度数据、燃气管道内部压力数据、电机阀工作状态信息、燃气使用安全报警信息和厨具使用安全报警信息,将接收到的所有数据通过服务器发送至用户终端,以及接收并执行用户终端发出的操作指令;
    服务器,存储温度数据、燃气管道内部压力数据和电机阀工作状态信息,接收并传送由用户终端发出的操作指令;操作指令包括定时、开启电机阀和关闭电机阀;
    用户终端,用于用户查看火灾预防报警装置采集到的各种数据、燃气管道内部压力数据、电机阀工作状态信息、燃气使用安全报警信息和厨具使用安全报警信息,并控制燃气安全阀和多功能网关。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种主动型厨房安全监测系统,其特征在于,所述燃气安全阀包括安全阀壳体(1),安全阀壳体(1)内部设有密闭式阀门腔体(8),密闭式阀门腔体(8)上开设有进气口(2)和出气口(3),密闭式阀门腔体(8)内设有连接进气口(2)和出气口(3)的电机阀、设于电机阀出气端的压力传感器;安全阀壳体(1)内位于密闭式阀门腔体(8)外侧还设有中央控制板(7)、阀门开关键(5)、供电模块A(4),安全阀壳体(1)上开设有用于露出阀门开关键(5)、进气口(2)和出气口(3)的通孔,电机阀、压力传感器、阀门开关键(5)、供电模块A(4)均连接中央控制板(7);
    中央控制板(7)集成有私网通信模块和具有定时检测和熄火检测功能的阀门控制模块,阀门控制模块用于控制电机阀开闭状态,以及根据压力传感器检测到的数据判断是否存在意外熄火、燃气管道是否存在超压或欠压、燃气管道是否存在接口松动、软管破损、软管脱落情况。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种主动型厨房安全监测系统,其特征在于,所述燃气安全阀 还包括提示模块(6),用于提示用户当前电机阀工作状态信息及燃气管道使用状态,包括电机阀已开启、电机阀已关闭、供电模块A(4)电量不足、燃气管道存在接口松动、软管破损、软管脱落或欠压或超压情况;安全阀壳体(1)上开设有用于露出提示模块(6)的通孔,提示模块(6)、阀门开关键(5)、供电模块A(4)通过导线或FPC连接中央控制板(7)。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的一种主动型厨房安全监测系统,其特征在于,所述密闭式阀门腔体(8)上开设有具有密封功能的出线口,密闭式阀门腔体(8)内位于出线口所在位置处设有密封接头,压力传感器的导线和电机阀的导线均从出线口引出并与中央控制板(7)连接。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的一种主动型厨房安全监测系统,其特征在于,所述火灾预防报警装置包括为该装置各组成部分供电的电源管理模块、用于连接多功能网关和燃气安全阀的私网通信模块、警示模块,还包括:
    红外阵列传感器,用于实时监测厨房灶具上若干个位置点的温度,并将监测到的所有温度数据发送至数据处理模块;
    数据处理模块,接收红外阵列传感器监测到的数据并发送至多功能网关,找出前后两次接收到的温度数据中的最大温度值T max 1和T max 2,基于温度值T max 1和T max 2的差值大小判断厨具是否存在火灾隐患,若是,则通过警示模块进行报警,并向多功能网关发送厨具使用安全报警信息、向燃气安全阀发送关闭电机阀指令。
  6. 根据权利要求1或5所述的一种主动型厨房安全监测系统,其特征在于,所述火灾预防报警装置还包括用于检测厨房内人体信号的人体识别模块、用于检测厨房环境中气体浓度的环境检测模块,人体识别模块、环境检测模块均连接数据处理模块。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的一种主动型厨房安全监测系统,其特征在于,所述数据处理模块内集成有用于计算用户在烹饪过程中离开厨房时间的计时单元。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的一种主动型厨房安全监测系统,其特征在于,所述多功能网关包括供电模块B、微控制模块、用于连接燃气安全阀和火灾预防报警装置的私网无线通信模块、用于连接服务器的公网无线通信模块、显示模块、按键控制模块。
  9. 根据权利要求1或8所述的一种主动型厨房安全监测系统,其特征在于,所述多功能网关还包括用于提示用户燃气安全阀、多功能网关相关信息的语音播报模块。
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的一种主动型厨房安全监测系统,其特征在于,所述多功能网关中的按键控制模块包括7个控制按键,具体如下:
    1个忽略按键,用于在异常报警状态下,通过按下此按键停止报警;
    1个阀门控制按键,用于改变当前电机阀的工作状态;
    5个选择按键,分别为设定定时时间的小时、十分、分以及清零、启动,用于用户控制燃气安全阀中电机阀的关闭。
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