WO2020118858A1 - 一种基于区块链的去中心化芯片研发交易数据存储方法及系统 - Google Patents

一种基于区块链的去中心化芯片研发交易数据存储方法及系统 Download PDF

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WO2020118858A1
WO2020118858A1 PCT/CN2019/072288 CN2019072288W WO2020118858A1 WO 2020118858 A1 WO2020118858 A1 WO 2020118858A1 CN 2019072288 W CN2019072288 W CN 2019072288W WO 2020118858 A1 WO2020118858 A1 WO 2020118858A1
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node
transaction
consensus
chip
data
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PCT/CN2019/072288
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English (en)
French (fr)
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郁发新
陆哲明
周旻
罗雪雪
王焱
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杭州基尔区块链科技有限公司
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/01—Protocols
    • H04L67/10—Protocols in which an application is distributed across nodes in the network
    • H04L67/1097—Protocols in which an application is distributed across nodes in the network for distributed storage of data in networks, e.g. transport arrangements for network file system [NFS], storage area networks [SAN] or network attached storage [NAS]

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of computer technology, in particular to a decentralized chip R&D transaction data storage method and system.
  • Integrated circuits are the cornerstone of the information industry, and the development of the integrated circuit industry requires deep technical skills and long-term accumulation. At present, the development of integrated circuits needs to go through the hardware code, circuit, simulation, process, layout, tape test verification, packaging and other links in turn, and each link needs to be maintained by a professional team.
  • chip R&D transaction data can be stored based on the traditional Ethereum data layer.
  • Ethereum is an open source public blockchain platform with smart contract functions. As such, it is not suitable for storing chip R&D transaction data with large data volume.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is the storage of chip R&D transaction data with larger data volume.
  • a method suitable for storing chip R&D transaction data with larger data volume is provided.
  • the present invention provides a decentralized chip R&D transaction data storage method, including:
  • the target consensus node is determined to be an accounting node, wherein the target consensus node preferentially calculates a hash value less than a preset autonomous mining target value;
  • the accounting node stores all chip R&D data generated in the preset time period into a distributed off-chain storage system, and stores all transaction data and all smart contract message data generated in the preset time period Deposit into the blockchain.
  • the method further includes: selecting the at least two consensus nodes from at least two system nodes and at least one authorized node, wherein, the system node is a node that is always online and runs steadily, and the authorized node is a user node with consensus authority.
  • the selection of the at least two consensus nodes from at least two system nodes and at least one authorization node includes: filtering out at least one target authorization node from at least one authorization node, wherein any authorization node is The probability of being selected as the target authorized node is proportional to the participation degree corresponding to the authorized node, the participation degree is determined by the online time and/or evaluation score of the authorized node; the at least two system nodes and the at least one target The authorized node is determined to be the at least two consensus nodes.
  • the using at least two consensus nodes to successively perform a hash operation on the block header at least once includes:
  • each of the consensus nodes sequentially performs at least one hash operation on the corresponding block header to obtain at least one hash value
  • the reward reward transaction information corresponding to the first consensus node is packaged and all transaction data and all smart contracts generated within the preset time period
  • the first block header corresponding to the first consensus node includes the hash value of the first block body
  • the blockchain The hash value of the last block and the autonomous mining random number, wherein the autonomous mining random number changes according to a preset rule, so that the first consensus node performs the first block header different times
  • the first block header includes different autonomous mining random numbers.
  • the method further includes: arranging the at least one target authorized node after the at least two system nodes according to the order of corresponding participation degree from largest to smallest, and according to the order of arrangement of each of the consensus nodes To obtain the node sorting result.
  • the target consensus node after the target consensus node is determined to be the accounting node, it further includes: when the accounting node is a system node, the first reward point value included in the point reward transaction information corresponding to the accounting node And the first reward node identifier, issue points corresponding to the first reward point value to the target authorized node identified by the first reward node identifier; when the accounting node is an authorized node, according to the credit
  • the second reward point value included in the point reward transaction information corresponding to the account node issues points corresponding to the second reward point value to the accounting node.
  • the storing of all transaction data and all smart contract message data generated in the preset time period into the blockchain includes: generating a new block, the new block includes a block header and a block body, the The hash value obtained by the accounting node hashing the block header of the new block is less than the autonomous mining target value, and the block body of the new block is the block body corresponding to the accounting node; Link the new block to the blockchain.
  • the method further includes: for any transaction node in the transaction node cluster, the first When the transaction node broadcasts at least one chip R&D transaction requirement for a first chip R&D transaction target, it executes for each of the chip R&D transaction requirements: according to the first chip R&D transaction target stored on the blockchain Smart contract, when it is determined that a first chip R&D transaction for the current chip R&D transaction needs occurs between the first transaction node and the second transaction node, the transaction data and intelligence for the first chip R&D transaction are acquired Contract message data and chip R&D data.
  • the storing of all chip R&D data generated during the preset time period into a distributed off-chain storage system includes: using the distributed off-chain storage system to store all the acquired data within the preset time period Chip R&D data, and a target hash value for each chip R&D data acquired within the preset time period;
  • the storing all transaction data and all smart contract message data generated in the preset time period into the blockchain includes: generating a new block, wherein the block body of the new block includes each of the target The hope value, and all the transaction data and all smart contract message data obtained in the preset time period, the block header of the new block includes the hash value of the last block in the blockchain, for the The hash value of the block body of the new block and the timestamp of the generation time of the new block; based on the timestamp, the new block is linked to the blockchain in the order of the block generation time.
  • the invention also provides a decentralized chip R&D transaction data storage system, including:
  • the node types of the consensus nodes include system nodes
  • the system nodes in the consensus node cluster are used to obtain transaction data, smart contract message data, and chip R&D data generated by each chip R&D transaction within a preset time period;
  • the at least two consensus nodes are used to successively perform at least one hash operation on the block header in sequence, wherein each hash operation obtains a hash value, and the block header is generated according to the preset time period All transaction data and all smart contract message data are obtained;
  • the target consensus node is determined as the accounting node, wherein the target consensus node preferentially calculates a hash value less than the preset autonomous mining target value;
  • the accounting node is used to store all chip R&D data generated in the preset time period into a distributed off-chain storage system, and store all transaction data and all smart contract messages generated in the preset time period Data is stored in the blockchain.
  • the system further includes: at least one authorized node, at least one common node, and at least one guest node;
  • the authorized node is a user node with consensus rights in the alliance
  • the common node is a user node of the industry that has block read permission
  • the visitor node is a user node outside the alliance that has read the data to be stored related to itself from the blockchain;
  • the authorization node is used to submit an application to become a consensus node and become the consensus node after the application is approved;
  • the common node is used to submit an application to become an authorized node and become the authorized node after the application is approved;
  • the visitor node is used to submit an application to become an ordinary node, and becomes the ordinary node after the application is approved.
  • the implementation of the present invention has the following beneficial effects: it can be applied to chip R&D transaction data with a large amount of stored data.
  • Embodiment 1 is a flowchart of a decentralized chip R&D transaction data storage method provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention
  • Embodiment 10 of the present invention is a flowchart of a decentralized chip R&D transaction data storage method provided by Embodiment 10 of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a decentralized chip R&D transaction data storage system provided by Embodiment 11 of the present invention.
  • a decentralized chip R&D transaction data storage method may include the following steps:
  • Step 101 Obtain transaction data, smart contract message data, and chip R&D data generated by conducting each chip R&D transaction within a preset time period.
  • Step 102 Use at least two consensus nodes to sequentially perform a hash operation on the block header at least once, wherein each hash operation obtains a hash value, and the block header is generated according to all the Obtained from transaction data and all smart contract message data.
  • Step 103 Determine the target consensus node as an accounting node, wherein the target consensus node preferentially calculates a hash value less than a preset autonomous mining target value.
  • Step 104 Through the accounting node, store all chip R&D data generated in the preset time period into a distributed off-chain storage system, and store all transaction data and all intelligence generated in the preset time period Contract message data is stored in the blockchain.
  • the blockchain is the core key to realize the integrated circuit decentralized organization R&D mode and transaction mode.
  • Blockchain technology can establish a trust relationship between the two parties of the transaction through a distributed network, a cryptographic account book that cannot be tampered with timing, and a distributed consensus mechanism.
  • each consensus node sequentially performs hash operations on the corresponding block headers in sequence, and the consensus node that preferentially calculates a hash value less than the target value of autonomous mining is determined as the accounting node, which can shorten the election accounting The time required by the node realizes fast consensus and improves the efficiency of consensus.
  • each consensus node since each consensus node has the same probability of calculating a hash value smaller than the target value of autonomous mining, it guarantees the fairness between each consensus node in the consensus process, thus ensuring the reliability of the consensus process.
  • the transaction node when a transaction occurs between two transaction nodes, the transaction node will broadcast this transaction information in the blockchain network. In this way, the consensus node can obtain the transaction data, smart contract message data and chip research and development of each chip R&D transaction in real time data.
  • the transaction data can be data such as the transaction time and the information of both parties to the transaction.
  • the amount of data is usually not large and can be stored in the blockchain.
  • the smart contract message data can be the message data generated when the currently occurring transaction matches the smart contract. For example, the time of the current transaction matches the time pre-agreed in the smart contract.
  • the data volume is usually not large and can be stored. In the blockchain. Chip R&D data can include staged products developed, such as design drawings, etc.
  • the data volume is usually large and can be stored in a distributed off-chain storage system.
  • the data layer may include both on-chain and off-chain parts, where the on-chain part may be a distributed blockchain ledger, which is a data structure that links blocks into a linked list, and the off-chain part may be a Distributed storage system.
  • the on-chain part may be a distributed blockchain ledger, which is a data structure that links blocks into a linked list
  • the off-chain part may be a Distributed storage system.
  • the basic technical feature of the blockchain is that it supports the organization of transactions that occur within a period of time, and the blocks are linked together in a cryptographic manner in order to form a chain of blocks.
  • the network participates in the replication and sharing between nodes, and the content on the chain is maintained collectively by the network of participating nodes according to different consensus mechanisms.
  • the consensus mechanism on the blockchain can be used to solve the problems of who constructs the block and how to maintain the unity of the blockchain.
  • this embodiment can build a new distributed computing architecture for data storage, circulation and processing based on blockchain technology to ensure that the data is not easily tampered, forged, and traceable without the credit endorsement of third-party intermediaries. , Can be reviewed and other purposes.
  • the second embodiment is basically the same as the first embodiment, and the similarities are not repeated here.
  • the difference is that: before the at least two consensus nodes are used to sequentially perform the hash operation on the block header at least once, the method further includes: The at least two consensus nodes are selected from among a system node and at least one authorized node, wherein the system node is a node that is always online and runs steadily, and the authorized node is a practitioner user node with consensus authority.
  • the system node may be a node that can always run stably online in a peer-to-peer network, and is a node deployed to ensure normal data storage at any time. Therefore, the system node usually does not have a corresponding business unit or individual.
  • the authorized node is a working user node with consensus authority in the peer-to-peer network, that is, the authorized node corresponds to a working unit or individual, and the online state of the authorized node is controlled by the corresponding user.
  • the above-mentioned practitioners refer to units or individuals involved in chip R&D and chip transaction processes.
  • composition of the at least two consensus nodes can be implemented in two ways.
  • the at least two consensus nodes do not include system nodes.
  • system nodes are nodes that can always be operated stably online, the number of system nodes, the stability of operation, and the security are all reliably guaranteed, so the nodes are selected as consensus nodes from the system nodes, and all consensus nodes are guaranteed Belonging to the system node, it can ensure the stability of the consensus process of the consensus node.
  • the third embodiment is basically the same as the second embodiment, and the similarities are not repeated here.
  • the difference is that the selection of the at least two consensus nodes from at least two system nodes and at least one authorized node includes: At least one target authorized node is selected from an authorized node, wherein the probability that any authorized node is selected as the target authorized node is proportional to the participation degree corresponding to the authorized node, and the participation degree is determined by the online time of the authorized node and/or Determine by evaluating the score; determine the at least two system nodes and the at least one target authorization node as the at least two consensus nodes.
  • target authorized nodes selected from the authorized nodes are all online, and the authorized nodes that are not online will not be selected as the target authorized nodes, so as to ensure that the subsequent rapid consensus process can be performed normally.
  • the corresponding participation degree can be determined according to the online duration and evaluation score of the authorized node. The longer the online duration and the higher the evaluation score, the higher the participation level of the authorized node, and the higher the corresponding participation level, the higher the credibility of the authorized node .
  • the node acts as a consensus node, which can ensure the fairness of selecting a consensus node from authorized nodes.
  • select the target authorized node from the authorized nodes and determine the target authorized node and all system nodes as consensus nodes. Since the existence of the system node can ensure the reliability of the consensus result, selecting some authorized nodes as consensus nodes to participate in the consensus process can improve The credibility of the consensus process and consensus results.
  • the node can be selected as the consensus node only from the system nodes, or the system node and the target authorized node selected from the authorized nodes can be used as the consensus nodes, so the actual business implementation process can be flexibly determined according to the needs
  • the method of consensus nodes can improve the flexibility of consensus.
  • the fourth embodiment is basically the same as the third embodiment, and the similarities are not repeated here.
  • the difference is that: using at least two consensus nodes to sequentially perform a hash operation on the block header at least once includes:
  • each of the consensus nodes sequentially performs at least one hash operation on the corresponding block header to obtain at least one hash value
  • the reward reward transaction information corresponding to the first consensus node is packaged and all transaction data and all smart contracts generated within the preset time period
  • the first block header corresponding to the first consensus node includes the hash value of the first block body
  • the blockchain The hash value of the last block and the autonomous mining random number, wherein the autonomous mining random number changes according to a preset rule, so that the first consensus node performs the first block header different times
  • the first block header includes different autonomous mining random numbers.
  • 100 consensus nodes perform 10 hash operations on the corresponding block headers in sequence according to the determined node sorting results, and each time the block header is hashed to obtain a corresponding hash value until A consensus node calculates a hash value that is less than the target value of autonomous mining.
  • the consensus node X when it is the consensus node X's turn to perform the hash operation according to the node sorting result, the consensus node X performs 10 hash operations on the corresponding block header X.
  • the block header X may include the hash value of the corresponding block body, the hash value of the last block of the blockchain, the autonomous mining random number, the version number, the time stamp, and the autonomous mining target value.
  • the autonomous mining random number in the block header X is increased by 1, for example, when the consensus node X performs the hash operation on the block header X for the first time, the autonomy included in the block header X
  • the mining random number is 0, when the consensus node X performs the hash operation on the block header X for the second time, the autonomous mining random number included in the block header X is 1, and the consensus node X performs the hash operation on the block header X for the third time.
  • the self-mining random number included in block header X is 2, and so on.
  • none of the previous hash operations performed by the consensus nodes calculated a hash value smaller than the target value of autonomous mining.
  • the consensus node X performs the fifth hash operation on the block header X, the calculated If the hope value is less than the target value of autonomous mining, all consensus nodes stop hashing the block header.
  • the consensus node X is the accounting node.
  • a consensus node when a consensus node performs a hash operation on a block header, it can specifically adopt a POW (Proof of Work) algorithm to perform a hash operation on the block header.
  • POW Process of Work
  • the block header corresponding to the consensus node includes a hash value corresponding to the corresponding block body and an autonomous mining random number. Since the points reward transaction information generated by different consensus nodes can be different, the hash values of the corresponding block bodies corresponding to different consensus nodes are different, so as to ensure that different consensus nodes obtain the hash value of the corresponding block header for the first time. Hope value is different.
  • the self-service mining random number in the block header will change, making the block header in any two hash operations. The included self-service mining random numbers are different, so as to ensure that the same consensus node can obtain different hash values for different hash operations.
  • Each consensus node successively performs a hash operation on the corresponding block header in turn, and determines the consensus node that preferentially calculates a hash value less than the target value of autonomous mining as the accounting node, which can shorten the time required to elect the accounting node , That is to achieve rapid consensus and improve the efficiency of consensus.
  • each consensus node since each consensus node has the same probability of calculating a hash value smaller than the target value of autonomous mining, it guarantees the fairness between each consensus node in the consensus process, thus ensuring the reliability of the consensus process.
  • the fifth embodiment is basically the same as the fourth embodiment, and the similarities are not repeated here.
  • the method may further include: arranging the at least one target authorization node according to the order of the corresponding participation degree from large to small After the at least two system nodes, and according to the arrangement order of the consensus nodes, the node sorting result is obtained.
  • the system nodes Since the system nodes have high credibility, they will participate in the consensus during each block generation process, so the system nodes are arranged before each target authorization node.
  • the participation degree of the target authorization node can represent the credibility of the target authorization node. The higher the participation degree, the higher the credibility of the corresponding target authorization node. Therefore, the target authorization nodes are arranged in the order of corresponding participation degree from large to small.
  • the target authorized node with a higher participation can preferentially perform a hash operation on the target authorized node with a lower participation, on the one hand, it guarantees the fairness of the consensus process, and on the other hand, the security of the consensus result .
  • the sixth embodiment is basically the same as the fourth embodiment, and the similarities are not repeated here.
  • the method further includes: when the accounting node is a system node, according to The first reward point value and the first reward node identifier included in the point reward transaction information corresponding to the accounting node are issued to the target authorized node identified by the first reward node identifier, and the first reward point value is issued Corresponding points; when the billing node is an authorized node, the second reward points are issued to the billing node according to the second reward point value included in the point reward transaction information corresponding to the billing node Points corresponding to the value.
  • the method node to the system node is meaningless.
  • the points are issued to the account based on the point reward transaction information generated by the previous accounting node.
  • a target authorization node previously randomly determined by the accounting node. After the target authorized node is determined to be the accounting node, the points are issued to the accounting node itself according to the point reward transaction information generated by the previous accounting node as a reward for new block generation and on-chain processing.
  • Points By generating points reward transaction information, after determining the accounting node, points are issued to an authorized node participating in the consensus process according to the point reward transaction information. Points can increase the node's participation, and can also be used as virtual currency in chip development and chip transactions It is used for currency payment in the process, so that the authorized nodes can be stimulated to ensure that the authorized nodes actively participate in the consensus process and that the consensus process can be carried out normally.
  • the seventh embodiment is basically the same as the fourth embodiment, and the same points are not repeated here.
  • the difference is that: all the transaction data and all smart contract message data generated in the preset time period are stored in the blockchain, including : Generate a new block.
  • the new block includes a block header and a block body.
  • the hash value obtained by the accounting node hashing the block header of the new block is less than the autonomous mining target value.
  • the block body of the new block is the block body corresponding to the accounting node; the new block is linked to the block chain.
  • the self-service mining random number in the block header is different, so it is necessary to obtain the corresponding area when the accounting node calculates the hash value smaller than the autonomous mining target value Block head.
  • the block body includes point reward transaction information corresponding to the bookkeeping node, the point reward transaction information is also stored in the blockchain, and the point reward transaction information can be read from the blockchain to compare points The method process is traced back to ensure the fairness of the integral method process.
  • the eighth embodiment is basically the same as the first embodiment, and the similarities are not repeated here.
  • the difference is that the transaction data, smart contract message data and chip research and development generated by conducting each chip R&D transaction within the acquisition preset time period Before the data, it further includes: for any transaction node in the transaction node cluster, when the first transaction node broadcasts at least one chip R&D transaction demand for a first chip R&D transaction target, for each of the chip R&D transaction requirements Execution: According to the smart contract stored on the blockchain for the first chip R&D transaction target, between the determination of the first transaction node and the second transaction node, a first During chip R&D transactions, transaction data, smart contract message data, and chip R&D data for the first chip R&D transaction are obtained.
  • the chip demand enterprise can quickly propose detailed development and budget requirements on the platform. Among them, for one chip R&D transaction target, one or more chip R&D transaction requirements can be proposed.
  • the chip demand enterprise can correspond to a transaction node in the blockchain network, and the transaction node broadcasts the development needs of each chip in the blockchain network. In this way, all other transaction nodes can receive this broadcast content.
  • data sharing can be achieved through the broadcast of messages.
  • chip R&D enterprises corresponding to other transaction nodes can independently bid, and the winning chip R&D enterprise is responsible for the R&D transaction operation of the chip R&D transaction demand.
  • the transaction node corresponding to the winning chip R&D enterprise is the above-mentioned second transaction node.
  • the transaction node in this embodiment may be either the demand side of the chip R&D transaction or the execution side of the chip R&D transaction.
  • the transaction node may be: an authorized node with consensus power, an ordinary node that does not involve the block construction process but has the right to read the block, does not involve the block construction process, has no right to read the block, and has a transaction
  • the visitor node, common node and authorized node can all be used as transaction nodes to conduct transactions with other transaction nodes.
  • the visitor node can become an ordinary node upon authorization
  • the ordinary node can become an authorized node upon authorization
  • the authorized node can become a consensus node upon authorization.
  • the system nodes of the platform and authorized nodes with consensus rights can form a consensus node cluster.
  • a consensus node can monitor transactions between two transaction nodes in real time. For example, when a transaction occurs between the first transaction node and the second transaction node in response to the current chip R&D transaction requirements, the consensus node can obtain transaction-related data. The obtained data is mainly used for on-chain and off-chain storage to record this transaction-related data.
  • smart contracts are assembly languages programmed on the blockchain. Customizable and automatically enforced smart contracts are the implementation guarantee and benefit guarantee for the implementation of integrated circuit decentralized organization R&D mode and transaction mode.
  • the transaction is the main content of the block
  • the block is the data organization unit of the blockchain network
  • the blocks are connected in series by the linked list
  • the hash operation is the connection.
  • Embodiment 9 is basically the same as Embodiment 1, and the same points are not repeated here. The difference is that: storing all chip R&D data generated during the preset time period in a distributed off-chain storage system includes: using A distributed off-chain storage system that stores all chip R&D data acquired during the preset time period and a target hash value for each chip R&D data acquired within the preset time period;
  • the storing all transaction data and all smart contract message data generated in the preset time period into the blockchain includes: generating a new block, wherein the block body of the new block includes each of the target The hope value, and all the transaction data and all smart contract message data obtained in the preset time period, the block header of the new block includes the hash value of the last block in the blockchain, for the The hash value of the block body of the new block and the timestamp of the generation time of the new block; based on the timestamp, the new block is linked to the blockchain in the order of the block generation time.
  • the consensus node can package the transaction data and smart contract message data in the latest period into blocks, and the newly generated blocks are linked to the blockchain in the order of occurrence. on.
  • the transaction is similarly packaged into a block, which becomes an immutable transaction, which ensures the security of the transaction, that is, the transaction is confirmed.
  • Each block can include two parts, block header and block body.
  • the transaction data and smart contract message data collected within the preset time period constitute the block body, and the block body may also include the target hash value of the R&D data of each chip collected during the time period.
  • This target hash value also exists in the distributed off-chain storage system, which is mainly used for addressing, so as to facilitate the rapid query to the required chip development based on the blockchain from the distributed off-chain storage system. data.
  • the hash value of the previous block can be used as the header information of the current block.
  • the header information of the current block may also include the hash values of the packaged transaction data and smart contract message data.
  • the time stamp included in the header information can be used for sorting between blocks.
  • the chip R&D data related to the chip R&D transaction may be stored as off-chain data in a unified distributed off-chain storage system.
  • the distributed off-chain storage system may include: a cloud storage server, and/or a system node that is always online and runs stably.
  • the off-chain storage server when the R&D data of the chip is stored in the off-chain storage server, in order to facilitate the query, the off-chain storage server will also store its hash value correspondingly, which is the same as the above target hash value for addressing address. Correspondingly, the target hash value will be correspondingly stored in the blockchain.
  • the file address based on the hash algorithm can provide the best security guarantee for distributed data storage.
  • the corresponding transaction node can broadcast this data query request, so that the consensus node can find the target hash value of the chip R&D data from the blockchain according to the smart contract, to Feedback to the transaction node.
  • the transaction node can obtain the chip R&D data corresponding to the hash value stored off-chain according to the hash value obtained from the feedback.
  • Embodiment 10 provides another decentralized chip R&D transaction data storage method, which may include the following steps:
  • Step 201 For any transaction node in the transaction node cluster, when the first transaction node broadcasts at least one chip R&D transaction demand for a first chip R&D transaction target, it is executed for each chip R&D transaction requirement: according to the block The smart contract stored on the chain for the first chip R&D transaction target, when it is determined that the first chip R&D transaction for the current chip R&D transaction needs occurs between the first transaction node and the second transaction node, the Transaction data, smart contract message data, and chip R&D data for chip R&D transactions.
  • Step 202 Obtain transaction data, smart contract message data, and chip R&D data generated by conducting each chip R&D transaction within a preset time period.
  • Step 203 Filter out at least one target authorized node from at least one authorized node, wherein the probability that any authorized node is selected as the target authorized node is proportional to the participation degree corresponding to the authorized node, and the participation degree is determined by the online time of the authorized node And evaluation score.
  • the authorized node is a user node with consensus authority.
  • Step 204 Determine at least two system nodes and at least one target authorization node as at least two consensus nodes.
  • system nodes are always online and stable.
  • Step 205 Arrange at least one target authorized node after at least two system nodes according to the order of corresponding participation degree from large to small, and obtain the node ranking result according to the ranking order of each consensus node.
  • Step 206 Generate point reward transaction information corresponding to each consensus node separately, where, for any consensus node, when the consensus node is a system node, the point reward transaction information corresponding to the consensus node includes the reward point value and the reward node Logo, the reward node logo is used to identify a target authorized node. When the consensus node is an authorized node, the point reward transaction information corresponding to the consensus node includes the reward point value.
  • Step 207 According to the node sorting result, each consensus node sequentially performs at least one hash operation on the corresponding block header to obtain at least one hash value, wherein, for any first consensus node among at least two consensus nodes, By packaging the point reward transaction information corresponding to the first consensus node and all transaction data and all smart contract message data generated within a preset time period, to obtain the first block body corresponding to the first consensus node, the corresponding The first block header includes the hash value of the main body of the first block, the hash value of the last block on the blockchain, and the autonomous mining random number, where the autonomous mining random number changes according to the preset rules, so that When the first consensus node performs hash operations on the first block header different times, the first block header includes different autonomous mining random numbers.
  • Step 208 Determine the target consensus node as an accounting node, wherein the target consensus node preferentially calculates a hash value that is less than a preset autonomous mining target value.
  • Step 209 Use the distributed off-chain storage system through the accounting node to store all chip R&D data acquired during the preset time period and the target hash value for each chip R&D data acquired within the preset time period .
  • Step 210 The accounting node generates a new block including the block header and the block body, wherein the hash value obtained by the accounting node hashing the block header is smaller than the autonomous mining target value, and the block header includes the blockchain The hash value of the last block, the hash value for the block body, the time stamp of the generation time of the new block, and the autonomous mining random number.
  • the block body is the block body corresponding to the accounting node.
  • the block body includes the Credit reward transaction information corresponding to the account node, each target hash value, all transaction data and all smart contract message data obtained within a preset time period.
  • Step 211 Based on the timestamp, the accounting node connects the new blockchain to the blockchain in the order of the block generation time.
  • Step 212 When the billing node is a system node, according to the first reward point value and the first reward node identifier included in the point reward transaction information corresponding to the billing node, issue to the target authorized node identified by the first reward node identifier Points corresponding to the first reward point value; when the billing node is an authorized node, according to the second reward point value included in the point reward transaction information corresponding to the billing node, the billing node is issued with the second reward point value Corresponding points.
  • Embodiment 11 provides a decentralized chip R&D transaction data storage system, which may include:
  • the node types of the consensus nodes include system nodes
  • the system nodes in the consensus node cluster 302 are used to obtain transaction data, smart contract message data, and chip R&D data generated by each chip R&D transaction within a preset time period;
  • the at least two consensus nodes are used to successively perform at least one hash operation on the block header in sequence, wherein each hash operation obtains a hash value, and the block header is generated according to the preset time period All transaction data and all smart contract message data are obtained;
  • the target consensus node is determined as the accounting node, wherein the target consensus node preferentially calculates a hash value less than the preset autonomous mining target value;
  • the accounting node is used to store all chip R&D data generated in the preset time period into the distributed off-chain storage system 301, and store all transaction data and all smart contracts generated in the preset time period Message data is stored in the blockchain.
  • the system may further include: at least one authorized node, at least one ordinary node, and at least one guest node;
  • the authorized node is a user node with consensus rights in the alliance
  • the common node is a user node of the industry that has block read permission
  • the visitor node is a user node outside the alliance that has read the data to be stored related to itself from the blockchain;
  • the authorization node is used to submit an application to become a consensus node and become the consensus node after the application is approved;
  • the common node is used to submit an application to become an authorized node and become the authorized node after the application is approved;
  • the visitor node is used to submit an application to become an ordinary node, and becomes an ordinary node after the application is approved.
  • the transaction data and smart contract message data with small data volume are stored on the blockchain to ensure that the transaction cannot be tampered with;
  • the large data volume resources, videos, documents and other unstructured chip R&D data are distributed Off-chain storage to support fast off-chain addressing of data access; through this on-chain off-chain data storage method, it can support the storage of R&D transaction data for larger data volumes, which is beneficial to support system stability and promote area-based
  • Each consensus node successively performs a hash operation on the corresponding block header in turn, and determines the consensus node that preferentially calculates a hash value less than the target value of autonomous mining as the accounting node, which can shorten the time required to elect the accounting node , That is to achieve rapid consensus and improve the efficiency of consensus.
  • each consensus node since each consensus node has the same probability of calculating a hash value smaller than the target value of autonomous mining, it guarantees the fairness between each consensus node in the consensus process, thus ensuring the reliability of the consensus process.

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Abstract

一种去中心化芯片研发交易数据存储方法及系统，该方法包括：获取预设时间段内进行各芯片研发交易而产生的交易数据、智能合约消息数据和芯片研发数据（101）；利用至少两个共识节点依次循环对区块头进行至少一次哈希运算，各次哈希运算均获得一哈希值，区块头根据预设时间段内产生的所有交易数据和所有智能合约消息数据而获得（102）；将优先运算出小于预设自主挖矿目标值的哈希值的共识节点确定为记账节点（103）；通过记账节点将预设时间段内产生的所有芯片研发数据存入分布式链下存储系统，并将预设时间段内产生的所有交易数据和所有智能合约消息数据存入区块链（104）。由于可链上链下分开存储数据，故适用于存储较大数据量的芯片研发交易数据。

Description

一种基于区块链的去中心化芯片研发交易数据存储方法及系统 技术领域
本发明涉及计算机技术领域，尤其涉及一种去中心化芯片研发交易数据存储方法及系统。
背景技术
集成电路是信息产业的基石，集成电路产业发展需要具备深厚的技术功底并长期积累。目前，集成电路的开发需要依次经过硬件代码、电路、仿真、工艺、版图、流片测试验证、封装等环节，各环节均需专业团队进行维护。
目前，可以基于传统的以太坊数据层，对芯片研发交易数据进行存储。其中，以太坊是一个开源的有智能合约功能的公共区块链平台。如此，不适用于存储数据量较大的芯片研发交易数据。
因此，针对以上不足，需要提供一种能够适用于存储较大数据量的芯片研发交易数据的方法。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题在于较大数据量的芯片研发交易数据的存储，针对现有技术中的缺陷，提供一种能够适用于存储较大数据量的芯片研发交易数据的方法。
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明提供了一种去中心化芯片研发交易数据存储方法，包括：
获取预设时间段内进行每一个芯片研发交易而产生的交易数据、智能合约消息数据和芯片研发数据；
利用至少两个共识节点依次循环对区块头进行至少一次哈希运算，其中，每一次哈希运算均获得一个哈希值，所述区块头根据所述预设时间段内产生的所有交易数据和所有智能合约消息数据而获得；
将目标共识节点确定为记账节点，其中，所述目标共识节点优先运算出小于预设自主挖矿目标值的哈希值；
通过所述记账节点，将所述预设时间段内产生的所有芯片研发数据存入分布式链下存储系统，并将所述预设时间段内产生的所有交易数据和所有智能合约消息数据存入区块链。
优选地，在所述利用至少两个共识节点依次循环对区块头进行至少一次哈希运算之前，进一步包括：从至少两个系统节点和至少一个授权节点中选择出所述至少两个共识节点，其中，所述系统节点为始终在线并稳定运行的节点，所述授权节点为具有共识权限的从业用户节点。
优选地，所述从至少两个系统节点和至少一个授权节点中选择出所述至少两个共识节点，包括：从至少一个授权节点中筛选出至少一个目标授权节点，其中，任一授权节点被选中作为目标授权节点的概率与该授权节点对应的参与度成正比，所述参与度由授权节点的在线时间和/或评价得分而确定；将所述至少两个系统节点和所述至少一个目标授权节点确定为所述至少两个共识节点。
优选地，所述利用至少两个共识节点依次循环对区块头进行至少一次哈希运算，包括：
分别生成与每一个所述共识节点相对应的积分奖励交易信息，其中，对于任一所述共识节点，该共识节点为系统节点时，该共识节点对应的积分奖励交易信息包括奖励积分值和奖励节点标识，所述奖励节点标识用于标识一个所述目标授权节点，该共识节点为授权节点时，该共识节点对应的积分奖励交易信息包括奖励积分值；
根据预先确定的节点排序结果，每一个所述共识节点依次对相对应的区块头进行至少一次哈希运算而获得至少一个哈希值，
其中，对于所述至少两个共识节点中的任一第一共识节点，通过打包所述第一共识节点对应的积分奖励交易信息以及所述预设时间段内产生的所有交易数据和所有智能合约消息数据，以获得所述第一共识节点对应的第一区块主体，所述第一共识节点对应的第一区块头包括有所述第一区块主体的哈希值、所述区块链上末位区块的哈希值和自主挖矿随机数，其中，所述自主挖矿随机数按照预设的 规则变化，使得所述第一共识节点不同次对所述第一区块头进行哈希运算时，所述第一区块头中包括有不同的自主挖矿随机数。
优选地，该方法进一步包括：按照相对应的参与度由大至小的顺序，将所述至少一个目标授权节点排列在所述至少两个系统节点之后，并根据各个所述共识节点的排列顺序，获得所述节点排序结果。
优选地，在所述将目标共识节点确定为记账节点之后，进一步包括：所述记账节点为系统节点时，根据所述记账节点对应的积分奖励交易信息中包括的第一奖励积分值和第一奖励节点标识，向所述第一奖励节点标识所标识的目标授权节点，发放与所述第一奖励积分值相对应的积分；所述记账节点为授权节点时，根据所述记账节点对应的积分奖励交易信息中包括的第二奖励积分值，向所述记账节点发放与所述第二奖励积分值相对应的积分。
优选地，所述将所述预设时间段内产生的所有交易数据和所有智能合约消息数据存入区块链，包括：生成新区块，所述新区块包括区块头和区块主体，所述记账节点对所述新区块的区块头进行哈希运算所获得的哈希值小于所述自主挖矿目标值，所述新区块的区块主体为所述记账节点对应的区块主体；将所述新区块链接到所述区块链上。
优选地，在所述获取预设时间段内进行每一个芯片研发交易而产生的交易数据、智能合约消息数据和芯片研发数据之前，进一步包括：对于交易节点集群中的任一交易节点，第一交易节点广播有针对一第一芯片研发交易目标的至少一个芯片研发交易需求时，针对每一个所述芯片研发交易需求均执行：根据区块链上存储的针对所述第一芯片研发交易目标的智能合约，在确定出所述第一交易节点和第二交易节点之间，发生有针对当前芯片研发交易需求的第一芯片研发交易时，获取针对所述第一芯片研发交易的交易数据、智能合约消息数据和芯片研发数据。
优选地，所述将所述预设时间段内产生的所有芯片研发数据存入分布式链下存储系统，包括：利用分布式链下存储系统，存储所述预设时间段内获取到的所有芯片研发数据，以及针对所述预设时间段内获取到的每一个芯片研发数据的目标哈希值；
所述将所述预设时间段内产生的所有交易数据和所有智能合约消息数据存入 区块链，包括：生成新区块，其中，所述新区块的区块主体包括每一个所述目标哈希值，以及所述预设时间段内获取到的所有交易数据和所有智能合约消息数据，所述新区块的区块头包括所述区块链中末位区块的哈希值、针对所述新区块的区块主体的哈希值和所述新区块生成时间的时间戳；基于所述时间戳，按照区块生成时间的先后顺序，将所述新区块链接到所述区块链上。
本发明还提供了一种去中心化芯片研发交易数据存储系统，包括：
分布式链下存储系统和包括至少两个共识节点的共识节点集群；
其中，所述共识节点的节点类型包括系统节点；
所述共识节点集群中的系统节点，用于获取预设时间段内进行每一个芯片研发交易而产生的交易数据、智能合约消息数据和芯片研发数据；
所述至少两个共识节点，用于依次循环对区块头进行至少一次哈希运算，其中，每一次哈希运算均获得一个哈希值，所述区块头根据所述预设时间段内产生的所有交易数据和所有智能合约消息数据而获得；将目标共识节点确定为记账节点，其中，所述目标共识节点优先运算出小于预设自主挖矿目标值的哈希值；
所述记账节点，用于将所述预设时间段内产生的所有芯片研发数据存入分布式链下存储系统，并将所述预设时间段内产生的所有交易数据和所有智能合约消息数据存入区块链。
优选地，该系统进一步包括：至少一个授权节点、至少一个普通节点和至少一个访客节点；
所述授权节点为联盟内具有共识权利的从业用户节点；
所述普通节点为联盟内具有区块读取权限的从业用户节点；
所述访客节点为联盟外具有从区块链中读取与其自身相关的所述待存储数据的用户节点；
所述授权节点，用于递交成为共识节点的申请，并在申请审批通过后成为所述共识节点；
所述普通节点，用于递交成为授权节点的申请，并在申请审批通过后成为所述授权节点；
所述访客节点，用于递交成为普通节点的申请，并在申请审批通过后成为所 述普通节点。
实施本发明的，具有以下有益效果：能够适用于存储数据量较大的芯片研发交易数据。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施例一提供的一种去中心化芯片研发交易数据存储方法的流程图；
图2是本发明实施例十提供的一种去中心化芯片研发交易数据存储方法的流程图；
图3是本发明实施例十一提供的一种去中心化芯片研发交易数据存储系统的示意图。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例一
如图1所示，实施例一提供的一种去中心化芯片研发交易数据存储方法，可以包括以下步骤：
步骤101：获取预设时间段内进行每一个芯片研发交易而产生的交易数据、智能合约消息数据和芯片研发数据。
步骤102：利用至少两个共识节点依次循环对区块头进行至少一次哈希运算，其中，每一次哈希运算均获得一个哈希值，所述区块头根据所述预设时间段内产生的所有交易数据和所有智能合约消息数据而获得。
步骤103：将目标共识节点确定为记账节点，其中，所述目标共识节点优先运算出小于预设自主挖矿目标值的哈希值。
步骤104：通过所述记账节点，将所述预设时间段内产生的所有芯片研发数据 存入分布式链下存储系统，并将所述预设时间段内产生的所有交易数据和所有智能合约消息数据存入区块链。
需要说明的是，交易记录的防篡改和芯片研发交易相关数据的可追溯是实现去中心化芯片研发交易模式的根本要求。本实施例中，区块链是实现集成电路去中心化组织研发模式和交易模式的核心关键。区块链技术可通过分布式网络、时序不可篡改的密码学账本及分布式共识机制，以建立交易双方彼此的信任关系。
本实施例中，由各个共识节点依次循环对相应的区块头进行哈希运算，将优先运算出小于自主挖矿目标值的哈希值的共识节点确定为记账节点，从而可以缩短选举记账节点所需的时间，即实现了快速共识，提升了共识的效率。另外，由于各个共识节点运算出小于自主挖矿目标值的哈希值的概率相同，从而保证共识过程中各个共识节点之间的公平，从而可以保证共识过程的可靠性。
详细地，两交易节点间发生交易时，交易节点会在区块链网络中广播这一交易信息，如此，共识节点即可实时获取每一次芯片研发交易的交易数据、智能合约消息数据和芯片研发数据。
交易数据可以为交易时间、交易双方信息等数据，数据量通常不大，可存储于区块链中。智能合约消息数据可以为，当前发生的交易在与智能合约相匹配时所产生的消息数据，比如当前次交易的时间符合智能合约中预先约定的时间这一数据，数据量通常不大，可存储于区块链中。芯片研发数据，可以包括研发出的阶段性产品，如设计图等，数据量通常较大，可存储于分布式链下存储系统中。
可见，本实施例中，数据层可以包括链上和链下两部分，其中链上部分可以是一个分布式区块链账本，是把区块串成链表的数据结构，链下部分可以是一个分布式存储系统。
详细地，区块链的基本技术特征就是，支持将一段时间内发生的交易整理成区块，区块间按照先后顺序以密码学方式链接起来，形成区块的链，该链在区块链网络参与节点间复制和共享，链上内容依据不同共识机制由参与节点组成的网络集体维护。通常情况下，区块链上的共识机制主要可以用来解决，由谁来构造区块以及如何维护区块链统一的问题。
将芯片研发交易的交易数据及智能合约消息数据存储在区块链上管理，以达 到可追溯防篡改的目的，可保证链的可靠运行、增强可监管性、提高区块的出块速度和稳定性。可见，本实施例可基于区块链技术，构建数据存储、流转和处理的新型分布式计算架构，保障在不通过第三方中介机构信用背书条件下，实现数据的不易篡改、不易伪造、可追溯、可复核等目的。
实施例二
实施例二与实施例一基本相同，相同之处不再赘述，不同之处在于：在所述利用至少两个共识节点依次循环对区块头进行至少一次哈希运算之前，进一步包括：从至少两个系统节点和至少一个授权节点中选择出所述至少两个共识节点，其中，所述系统节点为始终在线并稳定运行的节点，所述授权节点为具有共识权限的从业用户节点。
详细地，系统节点可以为点对点网络中可以始终在线稳定运行的节点，属于为了保证随时都可以正常进行数据存储而部署的节点，因而系统节点通常没有相对应的从业单位或从业个人。相应地，授权节点为点对点网络中具有共识权限的从业用户节点，即授权节点对应有从业单位或从业个人，授权节点的在线状态受相应用户的控制。另外，上述从业用户是指参与芯片研发和芯片交易过程的单位或个人。
实施例二中，对于上述至少两个共识节点的组成，可以由两种实现方式。
第一方面，在实施例二的一种可能实现方式中，上述至少两个共识节点不包括系统节点。
详细地，由于系统节点是可以始终在线稳定运行的节点，系统节点的数量、运行的稳定性和安全性均具有可靠的保证，因此从系统节点中选择节点作为共识节点，并保证所有共识节点均属于系统节点，可以保证共识节点进行共识过程的稳定性。
第二方面，可以存在下述实施例三。
实施例三
实施例三与实施例二基本相同，相同之处不再赘述，不同之处在于：所述从至少两个系统节点和至少一个授权节点中选择出所述至少两个共识节点，包括：从至少一个授权节点中筛选出至少一个目标授权节点，其中，任一授权节点被选 中作为目标授权节点的概率与该授权节点对应的参与度成正比，所述参与度由授权节点的在线时间和/或评价得分而确定；将所述至少两个系统节点和所述至少一个目标授权节点确定为所述至少两个共识节点。
需要说明的是，从授权节点中选择出的目标授权节点均是处于在线状态的，非在线状态的授权节点不会被选中作为目标授权节点，从而保证后续快速共识过程可以正常进行。
针对每一个授权节点，该授权节点的在线时间越长，说明该授权节点参与共识或者进行芯片研发交易的累计时间越长，该授权节点的可信程度越高。另外，授权节点每次参与芯片研发或者芯片交易后，会根据芯片研发或者芯片交易的实际完成情况为授权节点评分，进而授权节点的累计评价得分越高说明该授权节点的信誉越好。从而可以根据授权节点的在线时长和评价得分来确定对应的参与度，在线时长越长且评价得分越高的授权节点的参与度越高，对应参与度越高的授权节点的可信度越高。
在从各个授权节点中选择共识节点时，对应参与度越高的授权节点被选中作为共识节点的概率越高，但并非按照对应参与度由高至低的顺序直接选择对应参与度较高的授权节点作为共识节点，这可以保证从授权节点中选择共识节点的公平性。
此外，从授权节点中选择目标授权节点，将目标授权节点与所有系统节点确定为共识节点，由于系统节点的存在可以保证共识结果的可靠性，选择部分授权节点作为共识节点参与共识过程，可以提高共识过程和共识结果的公信力。
综合上述两个方面，可以仅从系统节点中选择节点作为共识节点，也可以将系统节点与从授权节点中选择的目标授权节点作为共识节点，故在实际业务实现过程中可以根据需求灵活确定选择共识节点的方法，从而可以提高共识的灵活性。
实施例四
实施例四与实施例三基本相同，相同之处不再赘述，不同之处在于：所述利用至少两个共识节点依次循环对区块头进行至少一次哈希运算，包括：
分别生成与每一个所述共识节点相对应的积分奖励交易信息，其中，对于任一所述共识节点，该共识节点为系统节点时，该共识节点对应的积分奖励交易信 息包括奖励积分值和奖励节点标识，所述奖励节点标识用于标识一个所述目标授权节点，该共识节点为授权节点时，该共识节点对应的积分奖励交易信息包括奖励积分值；
根据预先确定的节点排序结果，每一个所述共识节点依次对相对应的区块头进行至少一次哈希运算而获得至少一个哈希值，
其中，对于所述至少两个共识节点中的任一第一共识节点，通过打包所述第一共识节点对应的积分奖励交易信息以及所述预设时间段内产生的所有交易数据和所有智能合约消息数据，以获得所述第一共识节点对应的第一区块主体，所述第一共识节点对应的第一区块头包括有所述第一区块主体的哈希值、所述区块链上末位区块的哈希值和自主挖矿随机数，其中，所述自主挖矿随机数按照预设的规则变化，使得所述第一共识节点不同次对所述第一区块头进行哈希运算时，所述第一区块头中包括有不同的自主挖矿随机数。
举例来说，100个共识节点按照已经确定出的节点排序结果，依次对各自对应的区块头进行10次哈希运算，每一次对区块头进行哈希运算获得相对应的一个哈希值，直至有共识节点运算出小于自主挖矿目标值的哈希值。
针对任意一个共识节点X，根据节点排序结果轮到共识节点X进行哈希运算时，共识节点X对其对应的区块头X进行10次哈希运算。其中，区块头X可以包括有相应区块主体的哈希值、区块链末位区块的哈希值、自主挖矿随机数、版本号、时间戳和自主挖矿目标值等信息。共识节点X每对区块头X进行一次哈希运算，区块头X中的自主挖矿随机数加1，比如，共识节点X第一次对区块头X进行哈希运算时区块头X所包括的自主挖矿随机数为0，共识节点X第二次对区块头X进行哈希运算时区块头X所包括的自主挖矿随机数为1，共识节点X第三次对区块头X进行哈希运算时区块头X所包括的自主挖矿随机数为2，以此类推。再比如，之前各个共识节点所进行的哈希运算中均没有运算出小于自主挖矿目标值的哈希值，当共识节点X对区块头X进行第五次哈希运算时，运算出的哈希值小于自主挖矿目标值，则所有共识节点停止对区块头进行哈希运算。共识节点X即为记账节点。
详细地，共识节点在对区块头进行哈希运算时，具体可以采用POW(Proof of  Work，工作量证明机制)算法对区块头进行哈希运算。
本实施例中，针对任意一个共识节点，该共识节点对应的区块头中包括有与相应区块主体的哈希值和自主挖矿随机数。由于不同共识节点所生成的积分奖励交易信息可以不同，因此不同共识节点所对应的相应区块主体的哈希值不同，从而保证不同共识节点在首次对相应区块头进行哈希运算所获得的哈希值不同。另外，针对同一个区块头，由于相应共识节点每次对该区块头进行哈希运算后，该区块头中的自助挖矿随机数都会发生变化，使得任意两次哈希运算中该区块头所包括的自助挖矿随机数不同，从而保证同一个共识节点不同次哈希运算可以获得不同的哈希值。
由各个共识节点依次循环对相应的区块头进行哈希运算，将优先运算出小于自主挖矿目标值的哈希值的共识节点确定为记账节点，从而可以缩短选举记账节点所需的时间，即实现了快速共识，提升了共识的效率。另外，由于各个共识节点运算出小于自主挖矿目标值的哈希值的概率相同，从而保证共识过程中各个共识节点之间的公平，从而可以保证共识过程的可靠性。
实施例五
实施例五与实施例四基本相同，相同之处不再赘述，不同之处在于：该方法可以进一步包括：按照相对应的参与度由大至小的顺序，将所述至少一个目标授权节点排列在所述至少两个系统节点之后，并根据各个所述共识节点的排列顺序，获得所述节点排序结果。
由于系统节点具有较高的可信性，在每一个区块生成过程中均会参与共识，因此将系统节点排列在各个目标授权节点之前。目标授权节点的参与度可以表征目标授权节点的可信性，参与度越高说明相应目标授权节点的可信性越高，因此按照相应参与度由大至小的顺序将各个目标授权节点排列在各个系统节点之后，使得对应参与度较高的目标授权节点可以优先对应参与度较低的目标授权节点进行哈希运算，一方面保证了共识过程的公平性，另一方面保证共识结果的安全性。
实施例六
实施例六与实施例四基本相同，相同之处不再赘述，不同之处在于：在所述将目标共识节点确定为记账节点之后，进一步包括：所述记账节点为系统节点时， 根据所述记账节点对应的积分奖励交易信息中包括的第一奖励积分值和第一奖励节点标识，向所述第一奖励节点标识所标识的目标授权节点，发放与所述第一奖励积分值相对应的积分；所述记账节点为授权节点时，根据所述记账节点对应的积分奖励交易信息中包括的第二奖励积分值，向所述记账节点发放与所述第二奖励积分值相对应的积分。
由于系统节点没有相对应的从业单元或从业个人，因此向系统节点方法节点没有意义，当系统节点被确定为记账节点后，根据此前记账节点生成的积分奖励交易信息，将积分发放给记账节点此前随机确定出的一个目标授权节点。当目标授权节点被确定为记账节点后，根据此前记账节点生成的积分奖励交易信息，将积分发放给记账节点本身，作为进行新区块生成及上链处理的奖励。
通过生成积分奖励交易信息，在确定出记账节点之后，根据积分奖励交易信息向参与共识过程的一个授权节点发放积分，积分可以提升节点的参与度，还可以作为虚拟货币在芯片研发和芯片交易过程中用于货币支付，从而可以对授权节点进行激励，保证授权节点积极参与共识过程，保证共识过程可以正常进行。
实施例七
实施例七与实施例四基本相同，相同之处不再赘述，不同之处在于：所述将所述预设时间段内产生的所有交易数据和所有智能合约消息数据存入区块链，包括：生成新区块，所述新区块包括区块头和区块主体，所述记账节点对所述新区块的区块头进行哈希运算所获得的哈希值小于所述自主挖矿目标值，所述新区块的区块主体为所述记账节点对应的区块主体；将所述新区块链接到所述区块链上。
由于同一共识节点每次对区块头进行哈希运算时区块头中的自助挖矿随机数均不相同，因此需要获取到记账节点运算出小于自主挖矿目标值的哈希值时所对应的区块头。另外，由于区块主体中包括有对应于记账节点的积分奖励交易信息，因此积分奖励交易信息同样被存储到区块链中，后续可以从区块链中读取积分奖励交易信息以对积分方法过程进行追溯，保证积分方法过程的公平性。
实施例八
实施例八与实施例一基本相同，相同之处不再赘述，不同之处在于：在所述获取预设时间段内进行每一个芯片研发交易而产生的交易数据、智能合约消息数 据和芯片研发数据之前，进一步包括：对于交易节点集群中的任一交易节点，第一交易节点广播有针对一第一芯片研发交易目标的至少一个芯片研发交易需求时，针对每一个所述芯片研发交易需求均执行：根据区块链上存储的针对所述第一芯片研发交易目标的智能合约，在确定出所述第一交易节点和第二交易节点之间，发生有针对当前芯片研发交易需求的第一芯片研发交易时，获取针对所述第一芯片研发交易的交易数据、智能合约消息数据和芯片研发数据。
本实施例中，芯片需求企业可以快速地在平台上提出详细的开发和预算需求。其中，针对一个芯片研发交易目标，可以提出一个或多个芯片研发交易需求。芯片需求企业可以对应于区块链网络中的一交易节点，并由该交易节点在区块链网络中广播各个芯片研发交易需求。如此，各个其他交易节点均可接收到这一广播内容。在区块链网络中，可通过消息的广播来实现数据分享。
详细地，对于任一芯片研发交易需求来说，其他交易节点对应的芯片研发企业可自主竞标，并由中标的芯片研发企业负责该芯片研发交易需求的研发交易操作。中标的芯片研发企业所对应的交易节点即为上述第二交易节点。如此，本实施例中的交易节点，即可以为芯片研发交易需求方，也可以为芯片研发交易执行方。
实施例八中，交易节点可以为：具有共识权力的授权节点，不涉及区块构造过程但有区块读取权的普通节点，不涉及区块构造过程、没有区块读取权、具有交易权且能够读取与自身相关的交易信息的访客节点，其中，授权节点包括从业单位节点和从业个人节点。
详细地，访客节点、普通节点和授权节点均可以作为交易节点，以与其他交易节点间发生交易。其中，访客节点经授权可成为普通节点，普通节点经授权可成为授权节点，授权节点经授权可具有共识权而成为共识节点。平台的系统节点和具有共识权的授权节点即可组成共识节点集群。
本实施例中，可以由共识节点对两两交易节点间的交易进行实时监控。比如，上述第一交易节点和上述第二交易节点间针对上述当前芯片研发交易需求而发生交易时，共识节点即可获取交易相关数据。获取到的数据主要用于进行链上和链下的分别存储，以记录这一交易相关数据。
交易双方间的交易操作需以预先定好的智能合约为基础。详细地，智能合约是编程在区块链上的汇编语言。可定制的自动强制执行的智能合约，是实现集成电路去中心化组织研发模式和交易模式的执行保障和利益保障。
本实施例中，对于区块链，交易是构成区块的主体内容，区块是区块链网络的数据组织单元，由链表来将区块进行串联，而哈希运算则是连接纽带。
实施例九
实施例九与实施例一基本相同，相同之处不再赘述，不同之处在于：所述将所述预设时间段内产生的所有芯片研发数据存入分布式链下存储系统，包括：利用分布式链下存储系统，存储所述预设时间段内获取到的所有芯片研发数据，以及针对所述预设时间段内获取到的每一个芯片研发数据的目标哈希值；
所述将所述预设时间段内产生的所有交易数据和所有智能合约消息数据存入区块链，包括：生成新区块，其中，所述新区块的区块主体包括每一个所述目标哈希值，以及所述预设时间段内获取到的所有交易数据和所有智能合约消息数据，所述新区块的区块头包括所述区块链中末位区块的哈希值、针对所述新区块的区块主体的哈希值和所述新区块生成时间的时间戳；基于所述时间戳，按照区块生成时间的先后顺序，将所述新区块链接到所述区块链上。
本实施例中，对于链上部分，具体地，可以由共识节点将最近一段时间内的交易数据和智能合约消息数据打包成区块，新生成的区块按照发生的时间顺序链接到区块链上。将交易类似打包到区块中，变成不可篡改的交易，保证了交易的安全性，也就是对交易进行了确认。
每一个区块都可以包括两部分，区块头和区块主体。其中，预设时间段内收集的交易数据和智能合约消息数据组成区块主体，区块主体中还可以包括该时间段内收集的各个芯片研发数据的目标哈希值。这一目标哈希值同样存在于分布式链下存储系统中，主要可作地址寻址之用，以方便可基于区块链而从分布式链下存储系统中快速查询到所需的芯片研发数据。
前一区块的哈希值可作为当前区块的头部信息。当前区块的头部信息还可以包括打包的那些交易数据和智能合约消息数据的哈希值。头部信息包括的时间戳可以用于区块间的排序。
本实施例中，对于链下部分，可将芯片研发交易涉及到的芯片研发数据作为链下数据存储到统一的分布式链下存储系统中。详细地，分布式链下存储系统可以包括：云存储服务器，和/或，始终在线并稳定运行的系统节点。
详细地，芯片研发数据存储在链下存储服务器中时，为方便查询，链下存储服务器中同样会对应存储其哈希值，同上述目标哈希值，以作寻址地址之用。对应地，该目标哈希值会对应地存储在区块链中。以哈希算法为基础的文件地址，可为分布式的数据存储提供了最佳的安全保障。
详细地，当需要查询一芯片研发数据时，相应交易节点可广播这一数据查询请求，如此，共识节点即可根据智能合约，从区块链中找到该芯片研发数据的目标哈希值，以反馈给该交易节点。对应地，该交易节点即可根据反馈得到的哈希值，来获取到链下存储的该哈希值对应的芯片研发数据。
实施例十
基于上述实施例一至实施例九，如图2所示，实施例十提供了另一种去中心化芯片研发交易数据存储方法，可以包括以下步骤：
步骤201：对于交易节点集群中的任一交易节点，第一交易节点广播有针对一第一芯片研发交易目标的至少一个芯片研发交易需求时，针对每一个芯片研发交易需求均执行：根据区块链上存储的针对第一芯片研发交易目标的智能合约，在确定出第一交易节点和第二交易节点之间，发生有针对当前芯片研发交易需求的第一芯片研发交易时，获取针对第一芯片研发交易的交易数据、智能合约消息数据和芯片研发数据。
步骤202：获取预设时间段内进行每一个芯片研发交易而产生的交易数据、智能合约消息数据和芯片研发数据。
步骤203：从至少一个授权节点中筛选出至少一个目标授权节点，其中，任一授权节点被选中作为目标授权节点的概率与该授权节点对应的参与度成正比，参与度由授权节点的在线时间和评价得分而确定。
详细地，授权节点为具有共识权限的从业用户节点。
步骤204：将至少两个系统节点和至少一个目标授权节点确定为至少两个共识节点。
详细地，系统节点为始终在线并稳定运行的节点。
步骤205：按照相对应的参与度由大至小的顺序，将至少一个目标授权节点排列在至少两个系统节点之后，并根据各个共识节点的排列顺序，获得节点排序结果。
步骤206：分别生成与每一个共识节点相对应的积分奖励交易信息，其中，对于任一共识节点，该共识节点为系统节点时，该共识节点对应的积分奖励交易信息包括奖励积分值和奖励节点标识，奖励节点标识用于标识一个目标授权节点，该共识节点为授权节点时，该共识节点对应的积分奖励交易信息包括奖励积分值。
步骤207：根据节点排序结果，每一个共识节点依次对相对应的区块头进行至少一次哈希运算而获得至少一个哈希值，其中，对于至少两个共识节点中的任一第一共识节点，通过打包第一共识节点对应的积分奖励交易信息以及预设时间段内产生的所有交易数据和所有智能合约消息数据，以获得第一共识节点对应的第一区块主体，第一共识节点对应的第一区块头包括有第一区块主体的哈希值、区块链上末位区块的哈希值和自主挖矿随机数，其中，自主挖矿随机数按照预设的规则变化，使得第一共识节点不同次对第一区块头进行哈希运算时，第一区块头中包括有不同的自主挖矿随机数。
步骤208：将目标共识节点确定为记账节点，其中，目标共识节点优先运算出小于预设自主挖矿目标值的哈希值。
步骤209：通过记账节点，利用分布式链下存储系统，存储预设时间段内获取到的所有芯片研发数据，以及针对预设时间段内获取到的每一个芯片研发数据的目标哈希值。
步骤210：记账节点生成包括区块头和区块主体的新区块，其中，记账节点对区块头进行哈希运算所获得的哈希值小于自主挖矿目标值，区块头包括区块链中末位区块的哈希值、针对区块主体的哈希值、新区块生成时间的时间戳和自主挖矿随机数，区块主体为记账节点对应的区块主体，区块主体包括记账节点对应的积分奖励交易信息、每一个目标哈希值、预设时间段内获取到的所有交易数据和所有智能合约消息数据。
步骤211：记账节点基于时间戳，按照区块生成时间的先后顺序，将新区块链 接到区块链上。
步骤212：记账节点为系统节点时，根据记账节点对应的积分奖励交易信息中包括的第一奖励积分值和第一奖励节点标识，向第一奖励节点标识所标识的目标授权节点，发放与第一奖励积分值相对应的积分；记账节点为授权节点时，根据记账节点对应的积分奖励交易信息中包括的第二奖励积分值，向记账节点发放与第二奖励积分值相对应的积分。
实施例十一
如图3所示，实施例十一提供了一种去中心化芯片研发交易数据存储系统，可以包括：
分布式链下存储系统301和包括至少两个共识节点的共识节点集群302；
其中，所述共识节点的节点类型包括系统节点；
所述共识节点集群302中的系统节点，用于获取预设时间段内进行每一个芯片研发交易而产生的交易数据、智能合约消息数据和芯片研发数据；
所述至少两个共识节点，用于依次循环对区块头进行至少一次哈希运算，其中，每一次哈希运算均获得一个哈希值，所述区块头根据所述预设时间段内产生的所有交易数据和所有智能合约消息数据而获得；将目标共识节点确定为记账节点，其中，所述目标共识节点优先运算出小于预设自主挖矿目标值的哈希值；
所述记账节点，用于将所述预设时间段内产生的所有芯片研发数据存入分布式链下存储系统301，并将所述预设时间段内产生的所有交易数据和所有智能合约消息数据存入区块链。
在实施例十一的一种可能实现方式中，该系统可以进一步包括：至少一个授权节点、至少一个普通节点和至少一个访客节点；
所述授权节点为联盟内具有共识权利的从业用户节点；
所述普通节点为联盟内具有区块读取权限的从业用户节点；
所述访客节点为联盟外具有从区块链中读取与其自身相关的所述待存储数据的用户节点；
所述授权节点，用于递交成为共识节点的申请，并在申请审批通过后成为所述共识节点；
所述普通节点，用于递交成为授权节点的申请，并在申请审批通过后成为所述授权节点；
所述访客节点，用于递交成为普通节点的申请，并在申请审批通过后成为所述普通节点。
上述系统内的各单元之间的信息交互、执行过程等内容，由于与本发明方法实施例基于同一构思，具体内容可参见本发明方法实施例中的叙述，此处不再赘述。
综上所述，将数据量小的交易数据、智能合约消息数据进行区块链存储，以保证交易的不可篡改；将数据量大的资源、视频、文档等非结构化芯片研发数据进行分布式链下存储，以支持数据的链下快速寻址访问；通过这一链上链下数据存储方式，可以支持较大数据量芯片研发交易数据的存储，有益于支持系统稳定性，以及推动基于区块链的去中心化芯片研发交易的发展。
由各个共识节点依次循环对相应的区块头进行哈希运算，将优先运算出小于自主挖矿目标值的哈希值的共识节点确定为记账节点，从而可以缩短选举记账节点所需的时间，即实现了快速共识，提升了共识的效率。另外，由于各个共识节点运算出小于自主挖矿目标值的哈希值的概率相同，从而保证共识过程中各个共识节点之间的公平，从而可以保证共识过程的可靠性。
最后应说明的是：以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种去中心化芯片研发交易数据存储方法，其特征在于，包括：
    获取预设时间段内进行每一个芯片研发交易而产生的交易数据、智能合约消息数据和芯片研发数据；
    利用至少两个共识节点依次循环对区块头进行至少一次哈希运算，其中，每一次哈希运算均获得一个哈希值，所述区块头根据所述预设时间段内产生的所有交易数据和所有智能合约消息数据而获得；
    将目标共识节点确定为记账节点，其中，所述目标共识节点优先运算出小于预设自主挖矿目标值的哈希值；
    通过所述记账节点，将所述预设时间段内产生的所有芯片研发数据存入分布式链下存储系统，并将所述预设时间段内产生的所有交易数据和所有智能合约消息数据存入区块链。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于：
    在所述利用至少两个共识节点依次循环对区块头进行至少一次哈希运算之前，进一步包括：从至少两个系统节点和至少一个授权节点中选择出所述至少两个共识节点，其中，所述系统节点为始终在线并稳定运行的节点，所述授权节点为具有共识权限的从业用户节点。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于：
    所述从至少两个系统节点和至少一个授权节点中选择出所述至少两个共识节点，包括：从至少一个授权节点中筛选出至少一个目标授权节点，其中，任一授权节点被选中作为目标授权节点的概率与该授权节点对应的参与度成正比，所述参与度由授权节点的在线时间和/或评价得分而确定；将所述至少两个系统节点和所述至少一个目标授权节点确定为所述至少两个共识节点。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于：
    所述利用至少两个共识节点依次循环对区块头进行至少一次哈希运算，包括：
    分别生成与每一个所述共识节点相对应的积分奖励交易信息，其中，对于任一所述共识节点，该共识节点为系统节点时，该共识节点对应的积分奖励交易信 息包括奖励积分值和奖励节点标识，所述奖励节点标识用于标识一个所述目标授权节点，该共识节点为授权节点时，该共识节点对应的积分奖励交易信息包括奖励积分值；
    根据预先确定的节点排序结果，每一个所述共识节点依次对相对应的区块头进行至少一次哈希运算而获得至少一个哈希值，
    其中，对于所述至少两个共识节点中的任一第一共识节点，通过打包所述第一共识节点对应的积分奖励交易信息以及所述预设时间段内产生的所有交易数据和所有智能合约消息数据，以获得所述第一共识节点对应的第一区块主体，所述第一共识节点对应的第一区块头包括有所述第一区块主体的哈希值、所述区块链上末位区块的哈希值和自主挖矿随机数，其中，所述自主挖矿随机数按照预设的规则变化，使得所述第一共识节点不同次对所述第一区块头进行哈希运算时，所述第一区块头中包括有不同的自主挖矿随机数。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的方法，其特征在于：
    进一步包括：按照相对应的参与度由大至小的顺序，将所述至少一个目标授权节点排列在所述至少两个系统节点之后，并根据各个所述共识节点的排列顺序，获得所述节点排序结果；
    和/或，
    在所述将目标共识节点确定为记账节点之后，进一步包括：所述记账节点为系统节点时，根据所述记账节点对应的积分奖励交易信息中包括的第一奖励积分值和第一奖励节点标识，向所述第一奖励节点标识所标识的目标授权节点，发放与所述第一奖励积分值相对应的积分；所述记账节点为授权节点时，根据所述记账节点对应的积分奖励交易信息中包括的第二奖励积分值，向所述记账节点发放与所述第二奖励积分值相对应的积分。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的方法，其特征在于：
    所述将所述预设时间段内产生的所有交易数据和所有智能合约消息数据存入区块链，包括：生成新区块，所述新区块包括区块头和区块主体，所述记账节点对所述新区块的区块头进行哈希运算所获得的哈希值小于所述自主挖矿目标值，所述新区块的区块主体为所述记账节点对应的区块主体；将所述新区块链接到所 述区块链上。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于：
    在所述获取预设时间段内进行每一个芯片研发交易而产生的交易数据、智能合约消息数据和芯片研发数据之前，进一步包括：对于交易节点集群中的任一交易节点，第一交易节点广播有针对一第一芯片研发交易目标的至少一个芯片研发交易需求时，针对每一个所述芯片研发交易需求均执行：根据区块链上存储的针对所述第一芯片研发交易目标的智能合约，在确定出所述第一交易节点和第二交易节点之间，发生有针对当前芯片研发交易需求的第一芯片研发交易时，获取针对所述第一芯片研发交易的交易数据、智能合约消息数据和芯片研发数据。
  8. 根据权利要求1至7中任一所述的方法，其特征在于：
    所述将所述预设时间段内产生的所有芯片研发数据存入分布式链下存储系统，包括：利用分布式链下存储系统，存储所述预设时间段内获取到的所有芯片研发数据，以及针对所述预设时间段内获取到的每一个芯片研发数据的目标哈希值；
    所述将所述预设时间段内产生的所有交易数据和所有智能合约消息数据存入区块链，包括：生成新区块，其中，所述新区块的区块主体包括每一个所述目标哈希值，以及所述预设时间段内获取到的所有交易数据和所有智能合约消息数据，所述新区块的区块头包括所述区块链中末位区块的哈希值、针对所述新区块的区块主体的哈希值和所述新区块生成时间的时间戳；基于所述时间戳，按照区块生成时间的先后顺序，将所述新区块链接到所述区块链上。
  9. 一种去中心化芯片研发交易数据存储系统，其特征在于，包括：
    分布式链下存储系统和包括至少两个共识节点的共识节点集群；
    其中，所述共识节点的节点类型包括系统节点；
    所述共识节点集群中的系统节点，用于获取预设时间段内进行每一个芯片研发交易而产生的交易数据、智能合约消息数据和芯片研发数据；
    所述至少两个共识节点，用于依次循环对区块头进行至少一次哈希运算，其中，每一次哈希运算均获得一个哈希值，所述区块头根据所述预设时间段内产生的所有交易数据和所有智能合约消息数据而获得；将目标共识节点确定为记账节 点，其中，所述目标共识节点优先运算出小于预设自主挖矿目标值的哈希值；
    所述记账节点，用于将所述预设时间段内产生的所有芯片研发数据存入分布式链下存储系统，并将所述预设时间段内产生的所有交易数据和所有智能合约消息数据存入区块链。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的去中心化芯片研发交易数据存储系统，其特征在于，进一步包括：至少一个授权节点、至少一个普通节点和至少一个访客节点；
    所述授权节点为联盟内具有共识权利的从业用户节点；
    所述普通节点为联盟内具有区块读取权限的从业用户节点；
    所述访客节点为联盟外具有从区块链中读取与其自身相关的所述待存储数据的用户节点；
    所述授权节点，用于递交成为共识节点的申请，并在申请审批通过后成为所述共识节点；
    所述普通节点，用于递交成为授权节点的申请，并在申请审批通过后成为所述授权节点；
    所述访客节点，用于递交成为普通节点的申请，并在申请审批通过后成为所述普通节点。
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