WO2020118693A1 - 一种中空平板全陶瓷过滤膜元件及其制备工艺方法 - Google Patents
一种中空平板全陶瓷过滤膜元件及其制备工艺方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2020118693A1 WO2020118693A1 PCT/CN2018/121230 CN2018121230W WO2020118693A1 WO 2020118693 A1 WO2020118693 A1 WO 2020118693A1 CN 2018121230 W CN2018121230 W CN 2018121230W WO 2020118693 A1 WO2020118693 A1 WO 2020118693A1
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- ceramic
- ceramic membrane
- raw material
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- membrane
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D69/06—Flat membranes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/02—Inorganic material
Definitions
- the invention relates to a ceramic element, in particular to a hollow plate full ceramic filter membrane element and a preparation process.
- inorganic flat ceramic membranes as filter elements have the advantages of acid and alkali corrosion resistance, high temperature resistance, organic solvent resistance, high mechanical strength, etc., thus greatly increasing the scope of use, and inorganic flat ceramic membranes also have It has the advantages of easy rinsing and not easy to be polluted, which greatly increases the service life.
- the existing flat ceramic membrane plug itself and the adhesive between the plug and the inorganic ceramic membrane are organic materials, such as ceramic membrane plugs are commonly used in ABS, PPS, PPR, etc., and the adhesive is commonly used in epoxy resin bonding Agents, polyurethane adhesives, acrylic resin adhesives, or their composite and modified adhesives, these plugs and adhesives containing organic materials, at high temperatures, especially containing moderately strong acids and alkalis and corrosive organic Solvents such as benzene, xylene, and water containing phenol will limit the scope of use and shorten the service life of organic materials in ceramic membrane components because they are easily corroded or dissolved or swollen.
- the present invention provides a hollow flat all-ceramic filter membrane element made entirely of inorganic materials, in order to solve the current water treatment process
- the invention provides a method for manufacturing a hollow plate full ceramic filter membrane element, and the invention also provides a hollow plate full ceramic filter membrane element manufactured by the method.
- the hollow flat all-ceramic filter element is composed of a flat ceramic membrane made of a hollow flat ceramic membrane support coated with a ceramic membrane liquid, a ceramic plug, and a high-temperature inorganic cement between the membrane and the plug.
- the manufacturing method includes:
- Step 1 Make a hollow flat ceramic membrane support
- Step 2 Coating the flat ceramic membrane material on the ceramic membrane support to manufacture a flat ceramic membrane
- Step 3 Manufacturing ceramic plugs
- Step 4 Inorganic glue is used to bond the ceramic plug and the flat ceramic membrane to form an integral component.
- the raw materials of the hollow flat ceramic membrane support include: aggregate, binder, and more preferably, any one of plasticizer, pore-forming agent and lubricant Or more.
- the aggregate in the raw material of the hollow flat ceramic membrane support, includes, and is preferably at least one selected from alumina, fused corundum, silicon carbide, cordierite or mullite.
- the average particle size of the aggregate is 0.1 to 50 ⁇ m.
- the binder includes, and is preferably selected from silica sol, aluminum sol, water glass, phosphate, silicate, polyvinyl alcohol, methyl cellulose , Ethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose at least one of them.
- the plasticizer includes, and is preferably at least one selected from kaolin, porcelain clay, clay, and bentonite.
- the pore-forming agent includes, and is preferably at least one selected from ammonium bicarbonate, ammonium carbonate, coal powder, carbon powder, starch, and walnut powder.
- the lubricant includes, and is preferably at least one selected from oleic acid, glycerin, and saponification liquid.
- the weight ratio of the aggregate to the binder is 92-98:1-8.
- the weight ratio of the aggregate to the plasticizer or pore-forming agent or lubricant is 92-98:1-8.
- step one the raw materials of the hollow flat ceramic membrane support are mixed to make a green body, and the green body is dried and fired to obtain the hollow flat ceramic membrane support.
- a hollow flat ceramic membrane support is made according to the following sub-steps:
- the average particle size is 0.1 to 50 ⁇ m, 90 to 98% by weight of aggregate, 1 to 8% by weight of binder and 1 to 8% by weight of plasticizer, then add no more than Mix the 8wt% pore-forming agent, add 10 to 30wt% deionized water and mix well, then add the premix 1 to 8wt% lubricant and mix again, pour into the vacuum mud machine for mud training, and then stale 1 It will be made into mud section within 2 days.
- the green body is dried for 0.1 to 12 hours at a drying temperature of 25 to 70°C.
- the dried green body is fired at a temperature of 1200°C to 1600°C, and a hollow flat ceramic membrane support is detected and obtained.
- the raw materials of the flat ceramic membrane include aggregate and binder, and more preferably, one or two of surfactants and sintering aids.
- the aggregate in the raw material of the flat ceramic membrane, includes, and is preferably at least one selected from alumina, zirconia, titania, silicon oxide, silicon carbide, and the like.
- the average particle size of the aggregate is between 20 and 500 nm.
- the aggregate pitch is less than 1.4 nm.
- the binder includes, and is preferably selected from silica sol, aluminum sol, water glass, phosphate, silicate, polyvinyl alcohol, methyl cellulose, ethyl At least one of cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, and hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose.
- the surfactant includes, and is preferably selected from sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, titanate coupling agent, silane coupling agent At least one of sodium hexametaphosphate and sodium polyphosphate.
- the sintering aid includes, and is preferably at least one selected from kaolin, clay, potassium sodium feldspar, talc powder, and lithium porcelain stone.
- step two the ceramic membrane raw materials are mixed to obtain a ceramic membrane liquid, the ceramic membrane liquid is coated on a hollow flat ceramic membrane support, dried and fired to support the ceramic membrane layer and the hollow flat ceramic membrane The body is combined into a whole to obtain a hollow flat ceramic membrane.
- step two the flat ceramic membrane is manufactured according to the following sub-steps:
- the dried film-coated green body is fired at a temperature of 400°C to 1300°C, so that the porous membrane layer and the carrier are integrated into a whole, and a hollow flat ceramic membrane is obtained.
- the raw material of the ceramic plug includes aggregate and binder, and more preferably, one or two types of plasticizers and sintering aid terminals.
- the aggregate in the raw material of the ceramic plug, includes, and is preferably selected from ⁇ -alumina, titania, silica, mullite, cordierite, forsterite or magnesia-alumina spinel At least one.
- the average particle size of the aggregate is preferably 0.1-50 ⁇ m.
- the binder in the raw material of the ceramic plug, includes, and is preferably selected from silica sol, aluminum sol, water glass, phosphate, silicate, polyvinyl alcohol, methyl cellulose, ethyl fiber At least one of ketone, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, and hydroxyethyl methylcellulose.
- the burning aid in the raw material of the ceramic plug, includes, and is preferably selected from quartz powder, limestone, zinc oxide, titanium oxide, potassium sodium feldspar, talc powder, lithium porcelain stone, and lithium feldspar At least one.
- the plasticizer in the raw material of the ceramic plug, includes, and is preferably at least one selected from kaolin, porcelain clay and bentonite.
- step three the raw materials of the ceramic plug are mixed with molten paraffin to form a slurry, made into a wax blank, heated to melt the paraffin and discharged, and then fired to obtain a ceramic plug.
- step three the ceramic plug is manufactured according to the following sub-steps:
- the slurry is injected into a wax blank by a hot die casting machine,
- the inorganic gum raw material includes aggregate and binder, and more preferably, one or two of sintering aid and plasticizer.
- the aggregate includes, and is preferably at least one selected from high-purity alumina, silica, zirconia, titania, mullite, silicon carbide, and daily-use porcelain powder .
- the binder includes, and is preferably at least one selected from silica sol, aluminum sol, water glass, phosphate or silicate.
- the burning aid includes, and is preferably at least one selected from glass powder, quartz powder, potassium sodium feldspar, talc powder, lithium porcelain stone, and lithium feldspar.
- the plasticizer includes, and is preferably at least one selected from kaolin, bentonite, ball clay and porcelain clay.
- step four the inorganic glue is prepared according to the following sub-steps:
- a hollow flat all-ceramic filter membrane element is prepared according to the following sub-steps:
- the inorganic plug is used to bond the ceramic plug and the flat ceramic membrane to form an integral component
- the above-mentioned integral member is dried at 25°C to 100°C, and heat-preserved and fired at a temperature of 200°C to 1200°C to obtain a hollow flat plate full ceramic filter membrane element.
- the flat ceramic membrane support is dried in a drying room for 1 to 3 hours before coating, to remove moisture from the flat ceramic membrane support and on the surface, and to prepare the prepared membrane liquid
- the method of coating on the flat ceramic membrane support is at least one of dipping, waterfall, spraying and spraying.
- the green body in the second step (g) is stripped using alumina powder or quartz powder as an adsorbent to adsorb the liquefied paraffin wax in the green body, and loaded into a tunnel kiln, push plate kiln or shuttle kiln for wax discharge.
- the wax discharge temperature is from 1000°C to 1250°C. After the wax discharge is completed, the temperature is lowered. After the temperature reduction is completed, the adsorption powder on the surface of the green body is removed.
- the slurry prepared in step three (k) is injection molded by hot die casting, and the molding temperature is 20 to 85°C.
- the chemical composition range (weight) of the inorganic glue is: silicon oxide: 0.1 to 90%, aluminum oxide: 0.1 to 96%, titanium oxide: 0.1 to 5%, calcium oxide: 0.1 to 5%, magnesium oxide: 0.1 to 5%, 0.1 to 5% ZnO, potassium oxide: 0.1 to 10%, sodium oxide: 0.1 to 10%, ferric oxide: 0.1 to 5%, manganese oxide: 0.1 to 5%, chromium trioxide: 0.1 to 5%, nickel oxide: 0.1 to 5%, cobalt oxide: 0.1 to 5%, copper oxide: 0.1 to 5%.
- the chemical composition of the hollow flat ceramic membrane support is: 0.1 to 70% SiO 2 , 20 to 99.9% Al 2 O 3 , 80 to 99.9% SiC, 0 to 14% MgO, 0 to 2% Fe 2 O 3 , 0 to 2% TiO 2 , 0.1 to 2% CaO, 0.1 to 2% ZnO, 0.1 to 2% KNaO.
- the chemical composition of the film liquid is: 1 to 99.9% SiO 2 , 1 to 99.9% Al 2 O 3 , 0.1 to 99.9% SiC, 0.1 to 99.9% TiO 2 , and 0.1 to 99.9% ZrO 2 .
- the chemical composition of the ceramic plug is: 1 to 80% SiO 2 , 1 to 99.9% Al 2 O 3 , 0.1 to 99% SiC, 0.1 to 60% MgO, 0.1 to 5% Fe 2 O 3 , 0.1 to 30% TiO2, 0.1 to 5% CaO, 0.1 to 5% ZnO, 0.1 to 10% K 2 O, 0.1 to 5% Na 2 O, 0.1 to 99% ZrO 2 , 0.1 to 50% Li 2 O.
- the combination method of the ceramic plug and the flat ceramic membrane in the step five (o) is the following four types: 1.
- Organic glue is used as a solvent, mixed with inorganic powder and mixed evenly, and glued with glue equipment; 2 1.
- the glue application equipment used in step five (o) is at least one of a glue applicator, a dispenser, a glue filling machine, and a glue dispenser;
- the small tools used are a glue gun, a syringe, a brush, At least one of stainless steel scrapers.
- the process method of the present invention is: firstly mix all kinds of raw materials uniformly and make a green body by plastic extrusion molding method under molding, the green body is dried and baked at high temperature to make a hollow flat ceramic membrane support body (equivalent to the intermediate belt of the green body) A hollow body or carrier); then use various raw materials to prepare a flat ceramic membrane liquid, coat the hollow flat ceramic membrane support with a flat ceramic membrane liquid, and then dry and burn at high temperature to obtain a flat ceramic membrane (i.e.
- Carrier coated with ceramic membrane liquid on the surface mix all kinds of raw materials into a slurry and make ceramic plugs in the mold by hot die casting and casting; prepare the inorganic glue by the stirring method, and then use the inorganic glue to make the hollow plate
- the ceramic membrane and the ceramic plug are bonded and combined to form a hollow plate full ceramic filter membrane element (a hollow flat ceramic membrane support with a plug at both ends and a membrane layer coated on the surface).
- the present invention is directed to the problems existing in the existing hollow flat ceramic filter membrane elements.
- the ceramic plug of the organic material is made into a ceramic plug;
- the organic adhesive combined with the plug and the hollow flat ceramic carrier is changed to inorganic Adhesives have solved the problems that have not been solved in this industry.
- the adoption of the above technical measures is not easily solved by technical personnel in this industry. It requires the applicant to adjust the surface tension, viscosity and The material, surface tension, expansion coefficient, composition difference and other factors of the object to be bonded can be comprehensively studied from the perspective of technology and cost, so as not to increase the manufacturing cost, but also completely solve the ceramic film existing in the existing technology
- the organic materials in the components are easily corroded or dissolved.
- the invention adopts the extrusion molding method to prepare the hollow flat ceramic membrane support and the flat ceramic membrane; adopts the hot die casting method and the casting method to prepare the ceramic plug; adopts the stirring method to prepare the inorganic glue to bond and combine or the hollow flat ceramic membrane and the ceramic plug head.
- the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the use of all-ceramic materials for the preparation of flat ceramic membrane elements fully utilizes the advantages of good ceramic material stability, high strength, high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, strong organic solvent resistance, and high-pressure backwashing. , It can be well used to deal with various organic solvents, high temperature, strong acids and alkalis and other special water quality, greatly expanding the use of flat ceramic membrane.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective schematic view of a hollow flat ceramic membrane filter element made by the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a schematic front view of the hollow flat ceramic membrane filter element shown in FIG. 1;
- FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of the hollow flat ceramic membrane filter element shown in FIG. 1;
- FIG. 4 is a schematic side view of the hollow flat ceramic membrane filter element shown in FIG. 1;
- FIG. 5 is a perspective schematic view of another hollow flat ceramic membrane filter element manufactured by the present invention.
- the hollow flat all-ceramic filter element is composed of a flat ceramic membrane made of a hollow flat ceramic membrane support coated with a ceramic membrane liquid, made of inorganic glue and a ceramic plug, and prepared according to the following steps:
- Step 1 First, the hollow flat ceramic membrane support is made according to the following sub-steps:
- the average particle size is 0.1 to 50 ⁇ m, 94% by weight of alumina, 3% by weight of binder (such as tung oil) and 3% by weight of plasticizer (such as phthalate).
- the average particle size is 0.1 to 50 ⁇ m, 94% by weight of alumina, 3% by weight of binder (such as tung oil) and 3% by weight of plasticizer (such as phthalate).
- 5wt% pore-forming agent such as carbon powder
- 20wt% deionized water of premix and mix well then add 4wt% lubricant (such as metal soap calcium stearate) of premix and mix again , Pour it into a vacuum mud plow to pour the mud, and then make the mud section for 1-2 days,
- the green body is dried for 0.1 to 12 hours at a drying temperature of 25 to 70°C.
- the dried green body is fired at a temperature of 1200 °C to 1600 °C, and the hollow flat ceramic membrane support is detected;
- Step 2 Manufacture flat ceramic membrane according to the following sub-steps:
- Step 3 Make ceramic plugs according to the following sub-steps:
- the slurry is injected into a wax blank by a hot die casting machine,
- Step 4 Inorganic glue is prepared according to the following sub-steps:
- Step 5 According to the following sub-steps, a hollow flat all-ceramic filter membrane element is prepared:
- Inorganic glue and glue equipment and tools are used to bond the ceramic plug and the flat ceramic membrane to form an integral component.
- the glue equipment is a glue machine and the tool is a glue gun.
- the above-mentioned integral member is dried at 25°C to 100°C, and heat-preserved and fired at a temperature of 200°C to 1250°C to obtain a hollow flat plate full ceramic filter membrane element.
- the hollow flat all-ceramic filter element is composed of a flat ceramic membrane made of a hollow flat ceramic membrane support coated with a ceramic membrane liquid, made of inorganic glue and a ceramic plug, and prepared according to the following steps:
- Step 1 First, the hollow flat ceramic membrane support is made according to the following sub-steps:
- the average particle size is 0.1 to 50 ⁇ m
- 97wt% of a mixture of alumina and silicon carbide each 50%
- 2wt% of binder such as methyl cellulose
- 1wt% Plasticizer such as dioctyl adipate
- 4wt% pore-forming agent ammonium bicarbonate
- 15wt% deionized water to mix evenly
- 6wt% of premix lubricant The agent (fatty acid soap) is mixed again, poured into a vacuum mud machine for mud training, and then aged for 1 to 2 days to make a mud section.
- the green body is dried for 0.1 to 12 hours at a drying temperature of 25 to 70°C.
- the dried green body is fired at a temperature of 1200 °C to 1600 °C, and the hollow flat ceramic membrane support is detected;
- Step 2 Manufacture flat ceramic membrane according to the following sub-steps:
- the surfactant is a mixture of sodium dodecyl sulfate and a silane coupling agent (wherein sodium dodecyl sulfate accounts for 58% by weight)
- the sintering aid is kaolin and talc (wherein kaolin is 68% by weight) %)
- the binder is silica sol and water glass (with silica sol accounting for 68% by weight).
- Step 3 Make ceramic plugs according to the following sub-steps:
- the slurry is injected into a wax blank by a hot die casting machine,
- Step 4 Inorganic glue is prepared according to the following sub-steps:
- Step 5 According to the following sub-steps, a hollow flat all-ceramic filter membrane element is prepared:
- Inorganic glue and glue equipment and tools are used to bond the ceramic plug and the flat ceramic membrane to form an integral component.
- the glue equipment is a glue machine and the tool is a glue gun.
- the above-mentioned integral member is dried at 25°C to 100°C, and heat-preserved and fired at a temperature of 200°C to 1250°C to obtain a hollow flat plate full ceramic filter membrane element.
- the pore-forming agent is ammonium bicarbonate, carbon powder, wood dust, fly ash, etc.
- the binder is tung oil, methyl cellulose, water glass, etc.
- the plasticizer is phthalate, Phthalate oxalates, dioctyl sebacate (DOS), dioctyl adipate, dioctyl azelate cyanide, etc.
- the lubricants are metal soaps calcium stearate, fatty acid soap, Fatty amide, etc.
- FIGS 1 to 5 show the structural schematic diagrams of two hollow flat ceramic membrane filter elements made by the present invention.
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Abstract
一种中空平板全陶瓷过滤膜元件以及制作方法。中空平板全陶瓷过滤膜元件由中空平板陶瓷膜支撑体涂敷陶瓷膜液后制成的平板陶瓷膜和陶瓷堵头及膜和陶瓷堵头之间的高温无机胶合剂组成。通过将有机材料的陶瓷堵头制成陶瓷堵头、将有机粘结剂改为无机粘结剂，解决了陶瓷膜元件中有机材质容易被腐蚀或溶解的问题。
Description
本发明涉及陶瓷元件，尤其是涉及中空平板全陶瓷过滤膜元件及制备工艺。
当前在污水过滤行业中，使用较多的膜多是有机膜，而有机膜抗氧化能力、耐酸碱能力、耐高温能力及化学稳定性等通常比较差，因而限制了有机膜的使用领域。
而相对于有机膜，近来出现的无机平板陶瓷膜作为过滤元件由于具有耐酸碱腐蚀，耐高温，耐有机溶剂，高机械强度等优点，因而大大增加了使用范围，且无机平板陶瓷膜还具有易冲洗、不容易被污染等优点，因而大大增加了使用寿命。
但由于现有平板陶瓷膜堵头本身和堵头与无机陶瓷膜之间的粘合剂均是有机材质，如陶瓷膜堵头常用ABS、PPS、PPR等，粘合剂常用环氧树脂粘合剂、聚氨酯粘合剂、丙烯酸树脂粘合剂或者是它们的复合及改性粘合剂，这些含有有机材质的堵头和粘合剂，在高温、特别是含有中强酸碱以及腐蚀性有机溶剂如苯、二甲苯及含有苯酚等的水质中使用时，会因为陶瓷膜元件中的有机材质容易被腐蚀或被溶解或溶胀而限制了其使用范围，缩短了其使用寿命。
发明内容
针对上述现有技术中空中平板陶瓷膜在水处理过程中所存在的问题，本发明提供了一种全部采用的无机材质制成的中空平板全陶瓷过滤膜元件，就是为了解决目前水处理过程中出现的这些问题。
本发明要解决的技术问题所采取的技术方案是：
本发明提供一种中空平板全陶瓷过滤膜元件的制作方法，本发明还提供了一种所述方法制作的中空平板全陶瓷过滤膜元件。
所述中空平板全陶瓷过滤元件，由中空平板陶瓷膜支撑体涂敷陶瓷膜液后制 成的平板陶瓷膜和陶瓷堵头及膜和堵头之间的高温无机胶合剂组成。
所述制作方法包括：
步骤一、制成中空平板陶瓷膜支撑体；
步骤二、将平板陶瓷膜材料涂覆在所述陶瓷膜支撑体上，制造平板陶瓷膜；
步骤三、制造陶瓷堵头；
步骤四、用无机胶将陶瓷堵头和平板陶瓷膜粘合制成整体构件。
在一种优选实施例中，步骤一中，中空平板陶瓷膜支撑体的原材料包括：骨料、粘结剂，更优选地，还包括增塑剂、造孔剂以及润滑剂中的任意一种或更多种。
优选地，所述中空平板陶瓷膜支撑体原材料中，所述骨料包括、并优选为选自氧化铝、熔融刚玉、碳化硅、堇青石或莫来石中的至少一种。
优选地，所述中空平板陶瓷膜支撑体原材料中，所述骨料平均粒径为0.1至50μm。
优选地，所述中空平板陶瓷膜支撑体原材料中，所述粘结剂包括、并优选为选自硅溶胶、铝溶胶、水玻璃、磷酸盐、硅酸盐、聚乙烯醇、甲基纤维素、乙基纤维素、羟丙基甲基纤维素、羟乙基甲基纤维素其中的至少一种。
优选地，所述中空平板陶瓷膜支撑体原材料中，所述增塑剂包括、并优选为选自高岭土、瓷土、黏土、膨润土其中的至少一种。
优选地，所述中空平板陶瓷膜支撑体原材料中，所述造孔剂包括、并优选为选自碳酸氢铵、碳酸铵、煤粉、碳粉、淀粉、核桃粉中的至少一种。
优选地，所述中空平板陶瓷膜支撑体原材料中，所述润滑剂包括、并优选为选自油酸、甘油、皂化液中的至少一种。
优选地，所述中空平板陶瓷膜支撑体原材料中，所述骨料与粘结剂重量比例为92-98︰1-8。
优选地，所述中空平板陶瓷膜支撑体原材料中，所述骨料与增塑剂或造孔剂或润滑剂的重量比例为92-98︰1-8。
在一种优选实施例中，步骤一中，中空平板陶瓷膜支撑体的原材料混合制成坯体，坯体干燥后烧制获得中空平板陶瓷膜支撑体。
在一种优选实施例中，步骤一中，按以下子步骤制成中空平板陶瓷膜支撑体：
a、按如下比例称取原料：平均粒径为0.1至50μm、90至98wt％的骨料、1至8wt％的粘结剂和1至8wt％的增塑剂预混，再加入不大于预混料8wt％的造孔剂，外加10至30wt％的去离子水混合均匀，再加入预混料1至8wt％的润滑剂再次混合，倒入真空练泥机中进行练泥，然后陈腐1至2天制成泥段。
b、将泥段用挤出成型机挤制成型为坯体，
c、将坯体进行干燥0.1至12h，干燥温度为25至70℃，
d、将干燥好后的坯体在1200℃至1600℃的温度下烧制，检测获得中空平板陶瓷膜支撑体。
在一种优选实施例中，步骤二中，平板陶瓷膜的原材料包括骨料与粘结剂，更优选地，还包括表面活性剂、助烧剂中的一种或两种。
优选地，所述平板陶瓷膜原材料中，所述的骨料包括、并优选为选自氧化铝、氧化锆、氧化钛、氧化硅、碳化硅、其中的至少一种。
优选地，所述平板陶瓷膜原材料中，所述骨料平均粒径在20至500nm之间。
优选地，所述平板陶瓷膜原材料中，所述骨料径距小于1.4nm。
优选地，所述平板陶瓷膜原材料中，所述粘结剂包括、并优选为选自硅溶胶、铝溶胶、水玻璃、磷酸盐、硅酸盐、聚乙烯醇、甲基纤维素、乙基纤维素、羟丙基甲基纤维素、羟乙基甲基纤维素其中的至少一种。
优选地，所述平板陶瓷膜原材料中，所述表面活性剂包括、并优选为选自十二烷基硫酸钠、十二烷基苯磺酸钠、钛酸酯偶联剂、硅烷偶联剂、六偏磷酸钠、多聚磷酸钠的其中至少一种。
优选地，所述平板陶瓷膜原材料中，所述助烧剂包括、并优选为选自高岭土、黏土、钾钠长石、滑石粉、锂瓷石其中的至少一种。
在一种优选实施例中，步骤二中，陶瓷膜原材料混合获得陶瓷膜液，将陶瓷膜液涂覆于中空平板陶瓷膜支撑体，干燥后烧制，使陶瓷膜层和中空平板陶瓷膜支撑体结合成一个整体，获得中空平板陶瓷膜。
在一种优选实施例中，步骤二中，按以下子步骤制造平板陶瓷膜：
e、将骨料、表面活性剂、助烧剂和粘结剂混合均匀制备成陶瓷膜液，
f、将陶瓷膜液均匀涂敷在中空平板陶瓷膜支撑体；
g、将已涂敷陶瓷膜液的中空平板陶瓷膜支撑体干燥制成带膜坯体；
h、将干燥好的带膜坯体在400℃至1300℃的温度下烧制，使多孔膜层和载体结合成一个整体，获得中空平板陶瓷膜。
在一种优选实施例中，步骤三中，所述陶瓷堵头原材料包括骨料和粘结剂，更优选地，还可以包括增塑剂、助烧剂终端一种或两种。
其中，所述陶瓷堵头原材料中，所述骨料包括、并优选为选自α-氧化铝、氧化钛、氧化硅、莫来石、堇青石、镁橄榄石或镁铝尖晶石中的至少一种。
其中，所述陶瓷堵头原材料中，所述骨料平均粒径优选为0.1-50μm。
其中，所述陶瓷堵头原材料中，所述粘结剂包括、并优选为选自硅溶胶、铝溶胶、水玻璃、磷酸盐、硅酸盐、聚乙烯醇、甲基纤维素、乙基纤维素、羟丙基甲基纤维素、羟乙基甲基纤维素其中的至少一种。其中，所述陶瓷堵头原材料中，所述助烧剂包括、并优选为选自石英粉、石灰石、氧化锌、氧化钛、钾钠长石、滑石粉、锂瓷石、锂长石其中的至少一种。
其中，所述陶瓷堵头原材料中，所述增塑剂包括、并优选为选自高岭土、瓷土、膨润土其中的至少一种。
在一种优选实施例中，步骤三中，所述陶瓷堵头原材料混合后与熔化石蜡混合成浆料，制成蜡坯，加热使石蜡熔融排出，然后烧制获得陶瓷堵头。
在一种优选实施例中，步骤三中，按以下子步骤制造陶瓷堵头：
i、骨料、增塑剂、助烧剂、粘结剂进行混合均匀，
j、在混合好的原料中加入占原料重量10至25％的熔化石蜡，再搅拌混合均匀制成料浆，
k、料浆经热压铸机注模成蜡坯，
l、脱膜修坯，将蜡坯埋入Al
2O
3粉中并在1000至1200℃之间吸附排蜡得到陶瓷堵头素坯，将堵头素坯清理干净并在1100至1450℃的高温下烧制，获得陶瓷堵头。
在一种优选实施例中，步骤四中，所述无机胶原料包括骨料、粘结剂，更优选地，还可以包括助烧剂、增塑剂中的一种或两种。
其中，所述无机胶原料中，所述骨料包括、并优选为选自高纯氧化铝、氧化硅、氧化锆、氧化钛、莫来石、碳化硅和日用瓷粉中的至少一种。
其中，所述无机胶原料中，所述粘结剂包括、并优选为选自硅溶胶、铝溶胶、水玻璃、磷酸盐或硅酸盐中的至少一种。
其中，所述无机胶原料中，所述助烧剂包括、并优选为选自玻璃粉、石英粉、钾钠长石、滑石粉、锂瓷石、锂长石其中的至少一种。
其中，所述无机胶原料中，所述增塑剂包括、并优选为选自高岭土、膨润土、球土、瓷土中的至少一种。
在一种优选实施例中，步骤四中，按以下子步骤制得无机胶：
m、取骨料、助烧剂、增塑剂混合；
n、在上述混合好的原料中，加入粘结剂，搅拌混合得到无机胶。
在一种优选实施例中，步骤五中，按以下子步骤制得中空平板全陶瓷过滤膜元件：
o、用无机胶将陶瓷堵头和平板陶瓷膜粘合制成整体构件，
p、将上述整体构件在25℃至100℃下干燥，在温度为200℃至1200℃下保温烧成，制得中空平板全陶瓷过滤膜元件。
优选地，所述步骤二(f)中，在涂膜前先将平板陶瓷膜支撑体在干燥室干燥1至3h，去除平板陶瓷膜支撑体内及表面上的水分，将制备好的膜液，涂敷在平板陶瓷膜支撑体上的方式为浸渍、瀑淋、喷涂、喷淋其中的至少一种。
优选地，所述步骤二(g)中的坯体脱膜使用氧化铝粉或者石英粉作为吸附剂吸附坯中已经液化的石蜡，装入隧道窑、推板窑或者梭式窑进行排蜡，排蜡温度为1000℃至1250℃，排蜡完成后降温，待降温完成后将坯体表面的吸附粉清除干净。
优选地，所述步骤三(k)中制备好的料浆采用热压铸注模成型，成型温度为20至85℃。
所述无机胶的化学组成范围(重量)为：氧化硅：0.1至90％，氧化铝：0.1至96％，氧化钛：0.1至5％，氧化钙：0.1至5％，氧化镁：0.1至5％，0.1至5％ZnO，氧化钾：0.1至10％，氧化钠：0.1至10％，三氧二铁：0.1至5％，氧化锰：0.1至5％，三氧化二铬：0.1至5％，氧化镍：0.1至5％，氧化钴：0.1至5％，氧化铜：0.1至5％。
优选地，所述中空平板陶瓷膜支撑体的化学组成是：0.1至70％SiO
2，20 至99.9％Al
2O
3，80至99.9％SiC，0至14％MgO，0至2％Fe
2O
3，0至2％TiO
2，0.1至2％CaO，0.1至2％ZnO，0.1至2％KNaO。
优选地，所述膜液的化学组成是：1至99.9％SiO
2，1至99.9％Al
2O
3，0.1至99.9％SiC，0.1至99.9％TiO
2，0.1至99.9％ZrO
2。
优选地，所述陶瓷堵头的化学组成是：1至80％SiO
2，1至99.9％Al
2O
3，0.1至99％SiC，0.1至60％MgO，0.1至5％Fe
2O
3，0.1至30％TiO2，0.1至5％CaO，0.1至5％ZnO，0.1至10％K
2O，0.1至5％Na
2O，0.1至99％ZrO
2，0.1至50％Li
2O。
应当理解的是，以上化学组成均为重量百分之比。
应当理解的是，以上化学组成总和为100％，即各组分不得同时为0。(请确认是否正确)(确认正确)
优选地，所述步骤五(o)中陶瓷堵头和平板陶瓷膜的组合方式为以下四种：①、有机胶作溶剂，掺入无机粉料混合均匀，使用涂胶设备进行粘合；②、使用小工具将陶瓷膜两端和陶瓷堵头内壁涂上无机胶，然后将陶瓷膜插入陶瓷堵头的卡槽里，再使用小工具将无机胶填充陶瓷膜与陶瓷堵头的缝隙；③、使用小工具将陶瓷膜两端涂上无机胶，然后将陶瓷膜插入陶瓷堵头的卡槽里，再使用小工具将无机胶填充陶瓷膜与陶瓷堵头的缝隙；④、使用小工具将陶瓷堵头内壁涂上无机胶，然后将陶瓷膜插入陶瓷堵头的卡槽里，再使用小工具将无机胶填充陶瓷膜与陶瓷堵头的缝隙。
优选地，所述步骤五(o)所用涂胶设备为涂胶机、点胶机、灌胶机、滴胶机其中的至少一种；使用的小工具为涂胶枪、注射器、毛刷、不锈钢刮板中的至少一种。
本发明所述工艺方法是：先将各种原料均匀混合并用塑性挤制成型法在模压下制成坯体，坯体经干燥和高温焙烧制成中空平板陶瓷膜支撑体(相当坯中间带有空腔的本体或载体)；再用各种原料配成平板陶瓷膜液，将中空平板陶瓷膜支撑体涂敷平板陶瓷膜液，再经干燥和高温烧成制得平板陶瓷膜(即为表面涂敷有陶瓷膜液的载体)；将各种原料混合制作成泥浆并采用热压铸法和浇铸法在模具中制成陶瓷堵头；采用搅拌法制备无机胶，再用无机胶将中空平板陶瓷膜和陶瓷堵头粘结组合成中空平板全陶瓷过滤膜元件(相当两端带有堵头、表面涂敷有膜 层的中空平板陶瓷膜支撑体)。
本发明针对现有中空平板陶瓷过滤膜元件所存在的问题，一是将有机材料的陶瓷堵头制成陶瓷堵头；二是将堵头与中空平板陶瓷载体组合的有机粘接剂改用无机粘接剂，解决了本行业中一直都没有解决的问题，而采取上述技术措施并不是本行业技术人员轻而易举地就可解决的，它需要申请人经过调整陶瓷膜液的表面张力、粘力和被粘对象的材料、表面张力和膨胀系数，成分差异等因素，从技术和成本两个角度进行综合考虑研究，才能达到既不提高制造成本，又能彻底解决现有技术中所存在的陶瓷膜元件中的有机材质容易被腐蚀或被溶解的问题。
本发明采用挤出成型法制备中空平板陶瓷膜支撑体和平板陶瓷膜；采用热压铸法和浇铸法制备陶瓷堵头；采用搅拌法制备无机胶来粘结并组合或中空平板陶瓷膜和陶瓷堵头。本发明的有益效果是：采用全陶瓷材料制备平板陶瓷膜元件，充分发挥了陶瓷材料稳定性好，强度高，平板陶瓷膜耐高温、耐腐蚀性、耐有机溶剂强，方便高压反冲洗等优点，能够很好的用于处理各种有机溶剂、高温、强酸碱等特殊水质，大大拓宽了平板陶瓷膜的使用范围。
图1为本发明制作的一种中空平板陶瓷膜过滤元件的立体示意图；
图2为图1所示中空平板陶瓷膜过滤元件的正视示意图；
图3为图1所示中空平板陶瓷膜过滤元件的俯视示意图；
图4为图1所示中空平板陶瓷膜过滤元件的侧视示意图；
图5为本发明制作的另一种中空平板陶瓷膜过滤元件的立体示意图；
具体实施方式
实施例1
所述中空平板全陶瓷过滤元件由中空平板陶瓷膜支撑体涂敷陶瓷膜液后制成的平板陶瓷膜，用无机胶与陶瓷堵头，并按下述方法步骤制备组合而成：
步骤一、先按以下子步骤制成中空平板陶瓷膜支撑体：
a、按如下比例称取原料：平均粒径为0.1至50μm、94wt％的氧化铝、3wt％的粘结剂(如桐油)和3wt％的增塑剂(如邻苯二甲酸酯)预混，再加入预混料5wt％ 的造孔剂(如碳粉)和20wt％的去离子水混合均匀，再加入预混料4wt％的润滑剂(如金属皂类硬脂酸钙)再次混合，倒入真空练泥机中进行练泥，然后陈腐1-2天制成泥段，
b、将泥段用挤出成型机挤制成型为坯体，
c、将坯体进行干燥0.1至12h，干燥温度为25至70℃，
d、将干燥好后的坯体在1200℃至1600℃的温度下烧制，检测获得中空平板陶瓷膜支撑体；
步骤二、按以下子步骤制造平板陶瓷膜：
e、将粒径均为20至500nm的89wt％氧化铝、4wt％表面活性剂、4wt％助烧剂和3wt％粘结剂混合均匀制备成膜液，所述表面活性剂为十二烷基硫酸钠，所述助烧剂为高岭土，所述粘结剂为硅溶胶。
步骤三、按以下子步骤制造陶瓷堵头：
i、称取原料：平均粒径为0.1至50μm的90wt％α-氧化铝、3wt％的增塑剂、3wt％的助烧剂、4wt％的粘结剂进行混合均匀，所述增塑剂为高岭土，助烧剂为石灰石，
j、在混合好的原料中加入占原料总重量20％的熔化石蜡，再搅拌混合均匀制成料浆，
k、料浆经热压铸机注模成蜡坯，
l、脱膜修坯，将蜡坯埋入Al
2O
3粉中并在1000至1200℃之间吸附排蜡得到陶瓷堵头素坯，将堵头素坯清理干净并在1100至1450℃的高温下烧制，获得陶瓷堵头；
步骤四、按以下子步骤制得无机胶：
m、取94wt％的高纯氧化铝，取3wt％的助烧剂为玻璃粉，3wt％的增塑剂为高岭土；
n、在上述m中充分混合好的原料中，加入原料重量10wt％的硅溶胶，充分搅拌混合成均匀的粘稠浆料—无机胶；
步骤五、按以下子步骤制得中空平板全陶瓷过滤膜元件：
o、用无机胶和涂胶设备与工具将陶瓷堵头和平板陶瓷膜粘合制成整体构件，所述涂胶设备为涂胶机，使用的工具为涂胶枪，
p、将上述整体构件在25℃至100℃下干燥，在温度为200℃至1250℃下保温烧成，制得中空平板全陶瓷过滤膜元件。
实施例2
所述中空平板全陶瓷过滤元件由中空平板陶瓷膜支撑体涂敷陶瓷膜液后制成的平板陶瓷膜，用无机胶与陶瓷堵头，并按下述方法步骤制备组合而成：
步骤一、先按以下子步骤制成中空平板陶瓷膜支撑体：
a、按如下比例称取原料：平均粒径为0.1至50μm、97wt％的氧化铝和碳化硅混合物(各占50％)、2wt％的粘结剂(如甲基纤维素)和1wt％的增塑剂(如己二酸二辛酯)预混，再加入预混料4wt％的造孔剂(碳酸氢铵)和15wt％的去离子水混合均匀，再加入预混料6wt％的润滑剂(脂肪酸皂)再次混合，倒入真空练泥机中进行练泥，再陈腐1至2天制成泥段，
b、将泥段用挤出成型机挤制成型为坯体，
c、将坯体进行干燥0.1至12h，干燥温度为25至70℃，
d、将干燥好的坯体在1200℃至1600℃的温度下烧制，检测获得中空平板陶瓷膜支撑体；
步骤二、按以下子步骤制造平板陶瓷膜：
e、将粒径均为20至500nm的92wt％氧化铝和氧化硅混合物(其中氧化铝重量70％)、3wt％表面活性剂、3wt％助烧剂和2wt％粘结剂混合均匀制备成膜液，所述表面活性剂为十二烷基硫酸钠和硅烷偶联剂混合物(其中十二烷基硫酸钠重量占58％)，所述助烧剂为高岭土和滑石粉(其中高岭土重量占68％)，所述粘结剂为硅溶胶和水玻璃(其中硅溶胶重量占68％)。
步骤三、按以下子步骤制造陶瓷堵头：
i、称取原料：平均粒径为0.1至50μm的90wt％堇青石和氧化钛(其中堇青石重量占60％)、3wt％的增塑剂、3wt％的助烧剂、4wt％的粘结剂进行混合均匀，所述增塑剂为高岭土和膨润土(各占重量50％)，助烧剂为70wt％石英粉和30wt％氧化锌粉的混合物，
j、在混合好的原料中加入占原料总重量15％的熔化石蜡，再搅拌混合均匀制成料浆，
k、料浆经热压铸机注模成蜡坯，
l、脱膜修坯，将蜡坯埋入Al
2O
3粉中并在1000至1200℃之间吸附排蜡得到陶瓷堵头素坯，将堵头素坯清理干净并在1100至1450℃的高温下烧制，获得陶瓷堵头；
步骤四、按以下子步骤制得无机胶：
m、取92wt％的高纯氧化铝，取4wt％的助烧剂为玻璃粉和滑石粉混合物(各占重量50％)，4wt％的增塑剂为高岭土和球土混合物(各占重量50％)；
n、在上述m中充分混合好的原料中，加入原料重量10wt％的硅溶胶，充分搅拌混合成均匀的粘稠浆料—无机胶；
步骤五、按以下子步骤制得中空平板全陶瓷过滤膜元件：
o、用无机胶和涂胶设备与工具将陶瓷堵头和平板陶瓷膜粘合制成整体构件，所述涂胶设备为涂胶机，使用的工具为涂胶枪，
p、将上述整体构件在25℃至100℃下干燥，在温度为200℃至1250℃下保温烧成，制得中空平板全陶瓷过滤膜元件。
所述造孔剂为碳酸氢铵、碳粉、木屑、粉煤灰等，所述粘接剂为桐油、甲基纤维素、水玻璃等，所述增塑剂为邻苯二甲酸酯类、邻苯二田酸酣类、癸二酸二辛酯(DOS)、己二酸二辛酯、壬二酸二辛酯氰等，所述润滑剂为金属皂类硬脂酸钙、脂肪酸皂、脂肪酰胺等。
图1-图5给出了本发明制作的两种中空平板陶瓷膜过滤元件结构示意图。
表1，本发明制作的中空平板陶瓷膜过滤元件性能及检测标准
Claims (44)
- 一种中空平板全陶瓷过滤膜元件的制作方法，其特征在于，所述制作方法包括：步骤一、制成中空平板陶瓷膜支撑体；步骤二、将平板陶瓷膜材料涂覆在所述陶瓷膜支撑体上，制造平板陶瓷膜；步骤三、制造陶瓷堵头；步骤四、用无机胶将陶瓷堵头和平板陶瓷膜粘合制成整体构件。
- 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，步骤一中，中空平板陶瓷膜支撑体的原材料包括：骨料、粘结剂，或者，还包括增塑剂、造孔剂以及润滑剂中的任意一种或更多种。
- 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述中空平板陶瓷膜支撑体原材料中，所述骨料包括氧化铝、熔融刚玉、碳化硅、堇青石或莫来石中的至少一种。
- 根据权利要求2或3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述中空平板陶瓷膜支撑体原材料中，所述骨料平均粒径为0.1至50μm。
- 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述中空平板陶瓷膜支撑体原材料中，所述粘结剂包括硅溶胶、铝溶胶、水玻璃、磷酸盐、硅酸盐、聚乙烯醇、甲基纤维素、乙基纤维素、羟丙基甲基纤维素、羟乙基甲基纤维素其中的至少一种。
- 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述中空平板陶瓷膜支撑体原材料中，所述增塑剂包括高岭土、瓷土、膨润土其中的至少一种。
- 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述中空平板陶瓷膜支撑体原材料中，所述造孔剂包括碳酸氢铵、碳酸铵、氯化铵、煤粉、碳粉中的至少一种。
- 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述中空平板陶瓷膜支撑体原材料中，所述润滑剂包括甘油、油酸、皂化液中的至少一种。
- 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述中空平板陶瓷膜支撑体原材料中，所述骨料与粘结剂重量比例为92-98︰1-8。
- 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述中空平板陶瓷膜支撑体原材料中，所述骨料与增塑剂或造孔剂或润滑剂的重量比例为92-98︰1-8。
- 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，步骤一中，按以下子步骤 制成中空平板陶瓷膜支撑体：a、按如下比例称取原料：平均粒径为0.1至50μm、90至98wt％的骨料、1至8wt％的粘结剂和1至8wt％的增塑剂预混，再加入不大于预混料8wt％的造孔剂和10至30wt％的去离子水混合均匀，再加入预混料1至8wt％的润滑剂再次混合，倒入真空练泥机中进行练泥，然后陈腐1至2天制成泥段。b、将泥段用挤出成型机挤制成型为坯体，c、将坯体进行干燥0.1至12h，干燥温度为25至70℃，d、将干燥好后的坯体在1200℃至1600℃的温度下烧制，检测获得中空平板陶瓷膜支撑体。
- 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，步骤二中，平板陶瓷膜的原材料包括骨料与粘结剂，或者，还包括表面活性剂、助烧剂中的一种或两种。
- 根据权利要求12所述的方法，其特征在于，所述平板陶瓷膜原材料中，所述的骨料包括氧化铝、氧化锆、氧化钛、氧化硅、碳化硅、其中的至少一种。
- 根据权利要求12所述的方法，其特征在于，所述平板陶瓷膜原材料中，所述骨料平均粒径在20至500nm之间。
- 根据权利要求12所述的方法，其特征在于，所述平板陶瓷膜原材料中，所述骨料径距小于1.4nm。
- 根据权利要求12所述的方法，其特征在于，所述平板陶瓷膜原材料中，所述粘结剂包括、并优选为选自硅溶胶、铝溶胶、水玻璃、磷酸盐、硅酸盐、聚乙烯醇、甲基纤维素、乙基纤维素、羟丙基甲基纤维素、羟乙基甲基纤维素其中的至少一种。
- 根据权利要求12所述的方法，其特征在于，所述平板陶瓷膜原材料中，所述表面活性剂包括、并优选为选自十二烷基硫酸钠、十二烷基苯磺酸钠、钛酸酯偶联剂、硅烷偶联剂、六偏磷酸钠、多聚磷酸钠的其中至少一种。
- 根据权利要求12所述的方法，其特征在于，所述平板陶瓷膜原材料中，所述助烧剂包括、并优选为选自高岭土、黏土、钾钠长石、滑石粉、锂瓷石其中的至少一种。
- 根据权利要求12所述的方法，其特征在于，步骤二中，按以下子步骤制造平板陶瓷膜：e、将骨料、表面活性剂、助烧剂和粘结剂混合均匀制备成陶瓷膜液，f、将陶瓷膜液均匀涂敷在中空平板陶瓷膜支撑体；g、将已涂敷陶瓷膜液的中空平板陶瓷膜支撑体干燥制成带膜坯体；h、将干燥好的带膜坯体在400℃至1300℃的温度下烧制，使多孔膜层和载体结合成一个整体，获得中空平板陶瓷膜。
- 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，步骤三中，所述陶瓷堵头原材料包括骨料和粘结剂，或者，还包括增塑剂、助烧剂终端一种或两种。
- 根据权利要求20所述的方法，其特征在于，所述陶瓷堵头原材料中，所述骨料包括α-氧化铝、氧化钛、氧化硅、莫来石、堇青石、镁橄榄石或镁铝尖晶石中的至少一种。
- 根据权利要求20所述的方法，其特征在于，所述陶瓷堵头原材料中，所述骨料平均粒径优选为0.1-50μm
- 根据权利要求20所述的方法，其特征在于，所述陶瓷堵头原材料中，所述粘结剂包括硅溶胶、铝溶胶、水玻璃、磷酸盐、硅酸盐、聚乙烯醇、甲基纤维素、乙基纤维素、羟丙基甲基纤维素、羟乙基甲基纤维素其中的至少一种。
- 根据权利要求20所述的方法，其特征在于，所述陶瓷堵头原材料中，所述助烧剂包括石英粉、石灰石、氧化锌、氧化钛、钾钠长石、滑石粉、锂瓷石、锂长石其中的至少一种。
- 根据权利要求20所述的方法，其特征在于，所述陶瓷堵头原材料中，所述增塑剂包括高岭土、瓷土、膨润土其中的至少一种。
- 根据权利要求20所述的方法，其特征在于，步骤三中，按以下子步骤制造陶瓷堵头：i、骨料、增塑剂、助烧剂、粘结剂进行混合均匀，j、在混合好的原料中加入占原料重量10至25％的熔化石蜡，再搅拌混合均匀制成料浆，k、料浆经热压铸机注模成蜡坯，l、脱膜修坯，将蜡坯埋入Al 2O 3粉中并在1000至1200℃之间吸附排蜡得到陶瓷堵头素坯，将堵头素坯清理干净并在1100至1450℃的高温下烧制，获得陶瓷堵头。
- 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，步骤四中，所述无机胶原料包括骨料、粘结剂，或者，还包括助烧剂、增塑剂中的一种或两种。
- 根据权利要求27所述的方法，其特征在于，所述无机胶原料中，所述骨料包括高纯氧化铝、氧化硅、氧化锆、氧化钛、莫来石、碳化硅和日用瓷粉中的至少一种。
- 根据权利要求27所述的方法，其特征在于，所述无机胶原料中，所述无机胶原料中，所述粘结剂包括硅溶胶、铝溶胶、水玻璃、磷酸盐或硅酸盐中的至少一种。
- 根据权利要求27所述的方法，其特征在于，所述无机胶原料中，所述助烧剂包括玻璃粉、石英粉、钾钠长石、滑石粉、锂瓷石、锂长石其中的至少一种。
- 根据权利要求27所述的方法，其特征在于，所述无机胶原料中，所述增塑剂包括高岭土、膨润土、球土、瓷土中的至少一种。
- 根据权利要求27所述的方法，其特征在于，步骤四中，按以下子步骤制得无机胶：m、取骨料、助烧剂、增塑剂混合；n、在上述混合好的原料中，加入粘结剂，搅拌混合得到无机胶；步骤五中，按以下子步骤制得中空平板全陶瓷过滤膜元件：o、用无机胶将陶瓷堵头和平板陶瓷膜粘合制成整体构件，p、将上述整体构件在25℃至100℃下干燥，在温度为200℃至1200℃下保温烧成，制得中空平板全陶瓷过滤膜元件。
- 根据权利要求19所述的方法，其特征在于，所述步骤二(f)中，在涂膜前先将平板陶瓷膜支撑体在干燥室干燥1至3h，去除平板陶瓷膜支撑体内及表面上的水分，将制备好的膜液，涂敷在平板陶瓷膜支撑体上的方式为浸渍、瀑淋、喷涂、喷淋其中的至少一种。
- 根据权利要求19所述的方法，其特征在于，所述步骤二(g)中的坯体脱膜使用氧化铝粉或者石英粉作为吸附剂吸附坯中已经液化的石蜡，装入隧道窑、推板窑或者梭式窑进行排蜡，排蜡温度为1000℃至1250℃，排蜡完成后降温，待降温完成后将坯体表面的吸附粉清除干净。
- 根据权利要求26所述的方法，其特征在于，步骤三(k)中制备好的料浆 采用热压铸注模成型，成型温度为20至85℃。
- 根据权利要求32所述的方法，其特征在于，所述步骤五(o)中陶瓷堵头和平板陶瓷膜的组合方式选自以下四种：①、有机胶作溶剂，掺入无机粉料混合均匀，使用涂胶设备进行粘合；②、使用小工具将陶瓷膜两端和陶瓷堵头内壁涂上无机胶，然后将陶瓷膜插入陶瓷堵头的卡槽里，再使用小工具将无机胶填充陶瓷膜与陶瓷堵头的缝隙；③、使用小工具将陶瓷膜两端涂上无机胶，然后将陶瓷膜插入陶瓷堵头的卡槽里，再使用小工具将无机胶填充陶瓷膜与陶瓷堵头的缝隙；④、使用小工具将陶瓷堵头内壁涂上无机胶，然后将陶瓷膜插入陶瓷堵头的卡槽里，再使用小工具将无机胶填充陶瓷膜与陶瓷堵头的缝隙。
- 根据权利要求36所述的方法，其特征在于，所述步骤五(o)所用涂胶设备为涂胶机、点胶机、灌胶机、滴胶机其中的至少一种；使用的小工具为涂胶枪、注射器、毛刷、不锈钢刮板中的至少一种。
- 一种中空平板全陶瓷过滤膜元件，其特征在于，由中空平板陶瓷膜支撑体涂敷陶瓷膜液后制成的平板陶瓷膜和陶瓷堵头及膜和堵头之间的高温无机胶合剂组成。
- 根据权利要求38所述的中空平板全陶瓷过滤膜元件，其特征在于，采用权利要求1所述方法制备。
- 根据权利要求38所述的中空平板全陶瓷过滤膜元件，其特征在于，以重量计，所述无机胶的化学组成范围为：氧化硅：0至90％，氧化铝：0.1至96％，氧化钛：0.1至5％，氧化钙：0.1至5％，氧化镁：0.1至5％，0.1至5％ZnO，氧化钾：0.1至10％，氧化钠：0.1至10％，三氧二铁：0.1至5％，氧化锰：0.1至5％，三氧化二铬：0.1至5％，氧化镍：0.1至5％，氧化钴：0.1至5％，氧化铜：0.1至5％。
- 根据权利要求38所述的中空平板全陶瓷过滤膜元件，其特征在于，以重量计，中空平板陶瓷膜支撑体的化学组成是：0.1至70％SiO 2，20至99.9％Al 2O 3，0.1至99.9％SiC，0.1至14％MgO，0.1至2％Fe 2O 3，0.1至2％TiO 2，0.1至2％CaO，0.1至2％ZnO，0.1至2％KNaO。
- 根据权利要求38所述的中空平板全陶瓷过滤膜元件，其特征在于，以重量计，所述膜液的化学组成是：0.1至99.9％SiO 2，0.1至99.9％Al 2O 3，0.1至 99.9％SiC，0.1至99.9％TiO 2，0.1至99.9％ZrO 2。
- 根据权利要求38所述的中空平板全陶瓷过滤膜元件，其特征在于，以重量计，所述陶瓷堵头的化学组成是：0.1至80％SiO 2，1至99.9％Al 2O 3，0.1至99％SiC，0.1至60％MgO，0.1至5％Fe 2O 3，0.1至30％TiO 2，0.1至5％CaO，0.1至5％ZnO，0.1至10％K 2O，0.1至5％Na 2O，0.1至99％ZrO 2，0.1至50％Li 2O。
- 根据权利要求1所述的中空平板全陶瓷过滤膜元件，其特征是，其中陶瓷堵头从材质上包含了低膨胀与致密陶瓷。
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| CN107469642A (zh) * | 2017-08-31 | 2017-12-15 | 深圳中清环境科技有限公司 | 一种氧化铝平板陶瓷膜的制备方法 |
| CN108392990A (zh) * | 2018-02-24 | 2018-08-14 | 江苏新时高温材料股份有限公司 | 一种中空平板全陶瓷过滤膜元件 |
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