WO2020118640A1 - 光学采集装置和电子设备 - Google Patents

光学采集装置和电子设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020118640A1
WO2020118640A1 PCT/CN2018/120974 CN2018120974W WO2020118640A1 WO 2020118640 A1 WO2020118640 A1 WO 2020118640A1 CN 2018120974 W CN2018120974 W CN 2018120974W WO 2020118640 A1 WO2020118640 A1 WO 2020118640A1
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Prior art keywords
pixel
sub
pixels
area
light
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PCT/CN2018/120974
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
谭波
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Shenzhen Goodix Technology Co Ltd
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Shenzhen Goodix Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to PCT/CN2018/120974 priority Critical patent/WO2020118640A1/zh
Priority to CN201880002611.6A priority patent/CN109716350B/zh
Publication of WO2020118640A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020118640A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
    • G06V10/00—Arrangements for image or video recognition or understanding
    • G06V10/10—Image acquisition

Definitions

  • Embodiments of the present application relate to the field of optics, and more specifically, to an optical collection device and electronic equipment.
  • the optical collection device can convert the received optical signal reflected by the object into an electrical signal, and generate an image of the object through the electrical signal.
  • the optical collection device may include an optical sensor, and the optical sensor includes a plurality of pixels.
  • the optical sensor can image through the pixel receiving the light signal reflected by the object, and the amount of incoming light and the contrast of the light signal received by the pixel will affect the image quality.
  • Embodiments of the present application provide an optical collection device and electronic equipment, which can improve the image quality obtained by the optical collection device.
  • an optical collection device including: an optical sensor including a pixel; a light-transmitting hole corresponding to the pixel; wherein the pixel includes a target sub-pixel and the target sub-pixel And the sub-pixels adjacent to the target sub-pixel all belong to the same pixel, and the area of the light-transmitting holes corresponding to the target sub-pixel is larger than the area of the light-transmitting holes corresponding to other sub-pixels.
  • the pixel further includes a plurality of first sub-pixels, the first sub-pixel is different from the target sub-pixel, and the light-transmitting hole corresponding to the first sub-pixel includes a first area and The second area, the first area is used to receive the light signal reflected by the object corresponding to the first sub-pixel, and the second area is used to receive the second sub-pixel adjacent to the first sub-pixel In the optical signal reflected by the object, the first sub-pixel and the second sub-pixel belong to the same pixel.
  • the areas of the light transmission holes corresponding to the plurality of first sub-pixels are all the same.
  • the shapes of the light transmission holes corresponding to the plurality of first sub-pixels are all the same.
  • the first area is a circular area
  • the second area is a sector area
  • the center of the sector area coincides with the center of the circular area
  • the angle of the fan-shaped area is 90 degrees.
  • the optical collection device further includes a lens, and the light-transmitting hole is disposed between the lens and the pixel.
  • the optical collection device is used for optical fingerprint identification.
  • an electronic device including: the first aspect and the optical collection device described in any possible implementation manner of the first aspect.
  • the electronic device further includes a display screen, and the optical collection device is disposed below the display screen.
  • an optical collection device including: an optical sensor including pixels in the optical sensor; a light-transmitting hole corresponding to the pixel; wherein the light-transmitting hole includes a first area and a second area , The first area is used to receive the optical signal reflected by the object corresponding to the first sub-pixel, and the second area is used to receive the optical signal reflected by the object corresponding to the second sub-pixel adjacent to the first sub-pixel , The first subpixel is any subpixel in the pixel, and the first subpixel and the second subpixel belong to the same pixel.
  • the areas of the light-transmitting holes corresponding to each sub-pixel in the pixels are the same.
  • the shape of the light transmission hole corresponding to each sub-pixel in the pixel is the same.
  • the second region of the light-transmitting hole corresponding to each sub-pixel in the pixel extends toward the center direction of the pixel.
  • the pixel includes 4 sub-pixels, and the second region of the light-transmitting hole corresponding to each sub-pixel in the 4 sub-pixels extends toward the center direction of the 4 sub-pixels.
  • the pixel includes a plurality of sub-pixel groups, and each sub-pixel group includes 4 sub-pixels, wherein the second region of the light-transmitting hole corresponding to each sub-pixel of the 4 sub-pixels faces the The center direction of the four sub-pixels extends.
  • the first area is a circular area
  • the second area is a sector area
  • the center of the sector area coincides with the center of the circular area
  • the angle of the fan-shaped area is 90 degrees.
  • the optical collection device further includes a lens, and the light-transmitting hole is disposed between the lens and the pixel.
  • the optical collection device is used for optical fingerprint identification.
  • an electronic device including: the third aspect and the optical collection device described in any possible implementation manner of the third aspect.
  • the electronic device further includes a display screen, and the optical collection device is disposed below the display screen.
  • the sub-pixels belonging to the same pixel in the optical sensor can receive the optical signal reflected by the object corresponding to the adjacent sub-pixel. Therefore, it is possible to increase the amount of light entering the optical sensor while improving the signal contrast obtained by the optical sensor pixel.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of an optical collection device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of another optical collection device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a pixel in an optical sensor provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a light-transmitting hole provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of another light-transmitting hole provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of another light-transmitting hole provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of another light-transmitting hole provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of another light-transmitting hole provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of another light-transmitting hole provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the optical collection device provided by the embodiments of the present application may be applied to various devices that need to be imaged.
  • the optical collection device provided in the embodiments of the present application may be used in a camera or a video camera to image an object to be photographed.
  • the optical collection device provided in the embodiments of the present application may be used for fingerprint recognition, and the optical collection device may be applied in a setting that requires fingerprint recognition.
  • the optical collection device may include an optical sensor.
  • the optical sensor is usually imaged by a pixel, and the pixel may also be understood as a photosensitive unit, or the pixel may sometimes be called a pixel.
  • a pixel in an optical sensor can convert incident light into an electrical signal, which in turn generates a pixel in the image.
  • the optical sensor may include a plurality of pixels, and the plurality of pixels may respectively receive light signals reflected from different positions of the object, thereby generating an image of the object.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a pixel imaging process provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Each pixel can receive the light signal reflected by the object corresponding to the pixel, and generate one pixel signal in the image based on the received light signal.
  • An object corresponding to the pixel can be understood as an object located directly above the pixel.
  • an object corresponding to the pixel may be understood as an object located in the area directly above the pixel and having the same area as the pixel.
  • a pixel in the optical sensor may also receive an optical signal reflected by an object corresponding to other pixels adjacent to the pixel.
  • the first pixel in addition to receiving the optical signal reflected by the object corresponding to the first pixel, the first pixel also receives the object reflection corresponding to the second pixel Light signal.
  • the second pixel in addition to receiving the optical signal reflected by the object corresponding to the second pixel, the second pixel will also receive the optical signal reflected by the object corresponding to the first pixel. In this way, the contrast of the signals obtained by the first pixel and the second pixel will decrease. The decrease in contrast eventually leads to a reduction in the quality of the image generated by the optical sensor.
  • the optical signal reflected by the object is relatively scattered and is not easily obtained by the pixels in the optical sensor. Therefore, a lens can be added between the pixel and the object. Because the lens has a focusing function, the optical signal reflected by the object corresponding to the pixel can be more Well received by this pixel.
  • the specific structure is shown in Figure 1.
  • the object 33 and the object 34 are objects corresponding to the pixel 31 and the pixel 32, respectively, wherein the pixel 31 and the pixel 32 may also be referred to as a photosensitive unit 31 and a photosensitive unit 32, respectively.
  • the lens 18 is a lens corresponding to the pixel 31, and the lens 18 can focus the optical signal reflected by the object 33 to the pixel 31.
  • the lens 19 is a lens corresponding to the pixel 32, and the lens 19 can focus the optical signal reflected by the object 34 to the pixel 34. It can be understood that the object 33 and the object 34 may sometimes refer to areas at different positions of the same object to be imaged.
  • the pixel 31 may receive the optical signal reflected by the object 31, and the pixel 32 may also receive the optical signal reflected by the object 33.
  • rays 20, 21, and 22 are the optical signals reflected by the object 33
  • rays 23 are the optical signals reflected by the object 34.
  • the lens 18 not only focuses the rays 20, 21, and 22 to the pixels 31, but also focuses the rays. 23 Focus on the pixel 31, so that the pixel 31 will feel the image of the object 34;
  • the incident light of the lens 19 includes not only rays 25, 26, 27, but also rays 24, due to the light received by the lens 19
  • the light 24 reflected by the object 33 is mixed in, so that the pixel 32 will feel the image of the object 33. Therefore, the contrast of the signals obtained by the pixels 31 and 32 will decrease, and this phenomenon may also be referred to as signal crosstalk.
  • the embodiment of the present application may use the structure of FIG. 2.
  • a light-transmitting hole can be provided between the lens and the pixel.
  • the light-transmitting hole can block part of the light, so that only objects located directly above the pixel can pass through the light-transmitting hole and be received by the pixel, which can improve the pixel. 31 and the contrast of the signal obtained by the pixel 32.
  • the light-transmitting holes may be formed by opening small holes in the opaque layer.
  • a light-impermeable layer can be provided between the pixel and the lens, and a small hole is punched at the position corresponding to the lens to form a light-transmitting hole, so that part of the light after focusing by the lens can pass through the light-transmitting hole Reach the pixel.
  • the specific cross-sectional structure is shown in FIG. 2, the opaque layer 28 is located between the lens and the pixels, and the transparent holes 29 and 30 are two transparent holes on the opaque layer.
  • the light-transmitting hole 29 is a light-transmitting hole corresponding to the lens 18.
  • the light-transmitting hole 29 can allow the light rays 21 and 22 to reach the pixel 31 through the light-transmitting hole and block the light 23 from passing through the light-transmitting hole.
  • the light-transmitting hole 30 is a light-transmitting hole corresponding to the lens 19.
  • the light-transmitting hole 30 can allow the light rays 25 and 26 to reach the pixel 32 through the light-transmitting hole and block the light 24 from passing through the light-transmitting hole. In this way, by providing the light-transmitting holes, the interference light can be blocked from reaching the pixel, so that the contrast of the signal obtained by the pixel can be improved.
  • the area of the light transmission hole can be reduced, thereby blocking more interference light.
  • the reduction in the area of the light transmission hole will also prevent more useful light from reaching the pixel.
  • the light 20 and the light 27 in FIG. 2 after the area of the small hole is reduced, the light 20 will also be blocked by the light-transmitting hole 29 and cannot reach the pixel 31, and the light 27 will also be blocked by the light-transmitting hole 30. Reach pixel 32.
  • the received signal decreases and other noises exist, the image quality obtained by the optical sensor will eventually deteriorate.
  • a pixel may include multiple sub-pixels, and the optical sensor may accumulate and sum the optical signals obtained from the multiple sub-pixels, and finally generate a signal of one pixel in the image.
  • the optical sensor may accumulate and sum the optical signals obtained from the multiple sub-pixels, and finally generate a signal of one pixel in the image.
  • one pixel in the image ultimately needs to sum the photosensitive signals obtained from the multiple sub-pixels. Therefore, even if one pixel of the multiple sub-pixels senses the objects corresponding to other sub-pixels in the multiple pixels The optical signal will not affect the contrast of the pixels in the final image.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a pixel provided by an embodiment of the present application. Taking FIG. 3 as an example, a pixel may include 16 sub-pixels, and the optical sensor may accumulate and sum the photosensitive signals obtained from the 16 sub-pixels to obtain the One pixel signal.
  • the structure design of the light-transmitting hole corresponding to the pixel shown in FIG. 3 is shown in FIG. 4, and the structure of the light-transmitting hole corresponding to each sub-pixel is the same, and is a structure of a circular small hole.
  • the light transmission hole will reduce the amount of light entering the optical sensor, which will ultimately affect the quality of the obtained image.
  • Embodiments of the present application provide an optical collection device, which can improve the contrast and also increase the amount of light entering the optical sensor.
  • FIG. 5 is the structure design of the light-transmitting hole after the embodiment of the present application.
  • the light-transmitting hole in FIG. 5 and the pixel in FIG. 3 have Correspondence.
  • Figure 3 we can see that even if the central sub-pixels A3, B2, C1, and D0 of this pixel sense the incident light of other adjacent sub-pixels, they will not affect the image obtained by the accumulation of the 16 sub-pixels. Pixel contrast. Therefore, we can enlarge the light transmission hole corresponding to the center sub-pixel to make it receive more light signals, so as to increase the light input of the optical sensor, thereby improving the final image quality.
  • optical collection device provided by the embodiment of the present application will be described in detail below.
  • the optical collection device may include an optical sensor, the optical sensor may include a pixel, and the optical collection device may further include a light-transmitting hole corresponding to the pixel.
  • the pixel may include a plurality of sub-pixels, and the plurality of sub-pixels includes a target sub-pixel.
  • the target sub-pixel may refer to a sub-pixel adjacent to the target sub-pixel and the target pixel belonging to the same pixel. In other words, the target subpixel may refer to the center subpixel described above, that is, the target subpixel may be the subpixels A3, B2, C1, and D0 in FIG. 3.
  • the sub-pixel adjacent to the sub-pixel A3 may include sub-pixels A0, A1, B0, B2, D0, C1, C0, A2, and the sub-pixels A0, A1, B0, B2, D0, C1 , C0, A2 and A3 belong to the same pixel.
  • Sub-pixels adjacent to sub-pixel B2 include sub-pixels B0, B1, B3, D1, D0, C1, A3, A1, and sub-pixels B0, B1, B3, D1, D0, C1, A3, A1 and sub-pixel B2 All belong to the same pixel.
  • the sub-pixels adjacent to the sub-pixel D0 include sub-pixels A3, B2, B3, D1, D3, D2, C3, C1, and the sub-pixels A3, B2, B3, D1, D3, D2, C3, C1 and the sub-pixel D0 All belong to the same pixel.
  • the sub-pixel adjacent to the sub-pixel C1 may include sub-pixels A2, A3, B2, D0, D2, C3, C2, and C0, and the sub-pixels A2, A3, B2, D0, D2, C3, C2, C0 and the sub-pixel C1 belongs to the same pixel. Therefore, the sub-pixels A3, B2, C1, and D0 can be understood as target sub-pixels.
  • the light-transmitting holes corresponding to the target sub-pixels can be enlarged.
  • the area of the light-transmitting holes corresponding to the target sub-pixel is larger than the area of the light-transmitting holes corresponding to other sub-pixels.
  • the target sub-pixel can receive the light signal reflected by the object corresponding to other adjacent sub-pixels. In this way, the amount of light entering the pixel where the target sub-pixel is located can be increased.
  • sub-pixel A3 can receive light signals reflected by objects corresponding to sub-pixels A0, A1, B0, B2, D0, C1, C0, A2, and sub-pixel B2 can receive sub-pixels B0, B1, B3, D1, D0 , C1, A3, A1 corresponding to the light signal reflected by the object, the sub-pixel D0 can receive the light signal reflected by the object corresponding to the sub-pixel A3, B2, B3, D1, D3, D2, C3, C1, the sub-pixel C1 can receive The optical signal reflected to the object corresponding to the sub-pixels A2, A3, B2, D0, D2, C3, C2, and C0.
  • the light input amount of the optical signals received by the sub-pixels A3, B2, C1, and D0 can be increased by 9 times, that is, the optical signal received by a target sub-pixel can be equivalent to the original Optical signals received by 9 sub-pixels.
  • the optical signals received by the 16 sub-pixels are equivalent to the optical signals received by the original 48 sub-pixels.
  • the optical signals received by the 16 sub-pixels are increased by 3 times, and the increased light input is still the 16 sub-pixels.
  • the optical signal reflected by the corresponding object does not affect the contrast of the image pixels finally obtained.
  • FIG. 5 is only described by taking the light-transmitting hole as a circular hole as an example.
  • the shape of the light-transmitting hole may also be other shapes, such as a square, or other polygons, or may be a shape surrounded by any line.
  • multiple sub-pixels may also correspond to one light-transmitting hole.
  • the light transmission holes corresponding to the original sub-pixels A3, B2, C1, and D0 may be connected to form a large light transmission hole.
  • the four circular light-transmitting holes in the middle in FIG. 5 may be combined into one large light-transmitting hole.
  • edge sub-pixels the sub-pixels other than the target sub-pixel in one pixel.
  • the light-transmitting holes corresponding to the edge sub-pixels can also be used to receive light signals reflected by objects corresponding to other adjacent sub-pixels.
  • the structure of the light transmission hole shown in FIG. 6 corresponds to the pixel structure shown in FIG. 3, and the edge sub-pixels may refer to sub-pixels A0, A1, B0, B1, B3, D1, D3, D2, C3, C2, C0, A2.
  • the light-transmitting hole corresponding to the edge sub-pixel may include a first area and a second area.
  • the first area is used to receive the light signal reflected by the object corresponding to the first sub-pixel.
  • the first sub-pixel may be any sub-pixel in the edge sub-pixel
  • the second area is used to receive the optical signal reflected by the object corresponding to the second sub-pixel.
  • the second sub-pixel and the first sub-pixel belong to the same pixel.
  • the second sub-pixel may be any one or more sub-pixels in the pixel where the first sub-pixel is located.
  • the second sub-pixel may be any one or more of the 16 sub-pixels except the sub-pixel A0.
  • the first area and the second area of the light transmission hole can be used to receive the light signal reflected by the object above the 16 sub-pixels.
  • the arrangement of the light-transmitting holes can satisfy that the light signals reflected by the objects corresponding to the sub-pixels other than the 16 sub-pixels will not be received, the contrast of the signals obtained by the 16 sub-pixels will not be affected.
  • the second sub-pixel may be a sub-pixel adjacent to the first sub-pixel among the pixels where the first sub-pixel is located.
  • the second subpixel may be any one or more of the subpixels A1, A2, and A3.
  • the second area of the light transmission hole corresponding to the sub-pixel A0 may be used to receive the light signal reflected by the object corresponding to any one or more of the sub-pixels A1, A2, and A3.
  • the second area of the light transmission hole corresponding to the sub-pixel A0 may only receive the optical signal reflected by the object corresponding to the sub-pixel A3.
  • the second area of the light transmission hole corresponding to the sub-pixel A0 may simultaneously receive the optical signals reflected by the objects corresponding to the sub-pixels A1, A2, and A3.
  • the embodiments of the present application do not specifically limit the shapes of the first area and the second area.
  • the shape of the first region may be the same as the shape of the light-transmitting hole in the conventional solution, or may be different.
  • the shape of the first area may be a circle, such as the shape of the area 61 in FIG. 6, or the shape of the first area may be square, or the shape of the first area may be a shape surrounded by any line.
  • the shape of the second area may be a fan shape, such as the shape of the area 62 in FIG. 6, or it may be a square shape, or may be a shape surrounded by any line.
  • the second area of the light transmission hole may extend toward the center of the pixel where the first sub-pixel is located.
  • the second region of the light-transmitting hole corresponding to the edge sub-pixel may extend toward the center direction of the 16 sub-pixels.
  • the first area is a circular area
  • the second area is a sector area
  • the center of the sector area coincides with the center of the first area
  • the embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit the angle of the fan-shaped region.
  • the angle of the fan-shaped area may be 90 degrees, 180 degrees, or any other angle.
  • the second area of the light transmission hole corresponding to the sub-pixels A0, B1, D3, and C2 may be a 90-degree fan-shaped area, or may be a fan-shaped area smaller than 90 degrees.
  • the second area of the light-transmitting holes corresponding to the sub-pixels A1, B0, B3, D1, D2, C3, C0, and A2 may be a 180-degree sector area, or may be a sector area smaller than 180 degrees.
  • the embodiment of the present application can also improve the light transmission hole corresponding to the edge sub-pixel so that the edge sub-pixel can receive the neighboring sub-pixels of the edge sub-pixel
  • the light signal reflected by the object corresponding to the pixel can further increase the amount of light entering the pixel.
  • FIG. 6 is a preferred solution of the embodiment of the present application, which can increase the optical signal received by the edge sub-pixel to the maximum, so that the optical signal received by the pixel is improved, so that the obtained image quality can be improved.
  • FIG. 7 is another preferred solution of the embodiment of the present application, wherein the area of the light-transmitting hole corresponding to each edge sub-pixel may be the same. Further, the shape of the light transmission hole corresponding to each edge sub-pixel may also be the same.
  • the light-transmitting hole corresponding to each edge sub-pixel includes a small circle area and a fan-shaped area, and the angle of the fan-shaped area is 90 degrees.
  • the fan-shaped area may be used to collect light signals reflected by objects corresponding to adjacent sub-pixels.
  • the fan-shaped area can be used to receive light signals reflected by objects corresponding to sub-pixels A1, A2, and A3, and the optical signal received by sub-pixel A0 can be equivalent to 4 times the original.
  • the optical signal received by each edge sub-pixel can be equivalent to 4 times the original, and the optical signal received by the center sub-pixel is equivalent to 9 times the original. Therefore, the optical signals received by the 16 sub-pixels can be equivalent to The original 5.25 times, greatly increased the amount of light received by the pixel.
  • the amount of light passing through the light-transmitting holes of the same shape and area is also basically the same.
  • the circuit structure and optical design of these edge sub-pixels can be the same . Therefore, it is only necessary to design a set of collectors for the edge sub-pixels, which can simplify the design and debugging work.
  • the structure of the light transmission hole shown in FIG. 7 is only a preferred embodiment, and the orientation of the second area of the light transmission hole corresponding to the sub-pixels A1, B0, B3, D1, D2, C3, C0, and A2 is oriented It is not limited to the direction shown in FIG. 7.
  • the second area of the light transmission hole corresponding to the sub-pixel A1 may also face the center of the 16 sub-pixels, or may face the light transmission hole corresponding to the sub-pixel A3, or may face other directions. This is not specifically limited.
  • an embodiment of the present application further provides another structure of a light-transmitting hole, in which the shape and area of the light-transmitting holes corresponding to all sub-pixels in a pixel are the same.
  • a light-transmitting hole in which the shape and area of the light-transmitting holes corresponding to all sub-pixels in a pixel are the same.
  • each light-transmitting hole may include a first area and a second area.
  • the first area may be a small circular area
  • the second area may be a 90-degree fan-shaped area.
  • FIG. 8 shows that the fan-shaped area of each light-transmitting hole extends toward the center direction of the pixel, but the embodiment of the present application is not limited thereto.
  • the fan-shaped area can also be oriented in other directions.
  • multiple sub-pixels included in one pixel may be divided into multiple sub-pixel groups, and each sub-pixel group includes 4 sub-pixels, wherein the second regions of the light-transmitting holes corresponding to each sub-pixel of the 4 sub-pixels are all oriented toward The center directions of the four sub-pixels extend as shown in FIG. 9.
  • FIG. 9 shows the case where one pixel includes 4 sub-pixel groups, and each sub-pixel group includes 4 sub-pixels, and the second area of the light-transmitting hole corresponding to the sub-pixels in each sub-pixel group faces the center of the sub-pixel group Direction extends.
  • the shape and area of the light-transmitting holes corresponding to the sub-pixels in one pixel may all be the same.
  • the light transmitting hole may include a first area and a second area.
  • the first area may be a circular area
  • the second area is a fan-shaped area
  • the angle of the fan-shaped area is 90 degrees.
  • the orientation of the second area of the light transmission hole may not be limited to the structure shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, and the fan-shaped area may also face other directions, which is not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the second area of the light transmission hole The direction of the area can be any direction.
  • one pixel in the optical sensor may be divided into any number of sub-pixel groups, and the structure of the light-transmitting holes corresponding to each sub-pixel group is the same.
  • one pixel may include 2 or 4 or 8 sub-pixel groups.
  • the number of sub-pixels in each sub-pixel group is not limited to 4, for example, it may be 3, or 9 or other numbers of sub-pixels.
  • the arrangement of the multiple sub-pixels included in one pixel is not limited to the arrangement in FIG. 3 above, and may be other arrangements, for example, multiple pixels may be arranged in a circular shape Or, the multiple pixels may be arranged in a misaligned manner.
  • one pixel includes 16 sub-pixels, but the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto, and one pixel may include any number of sub-pixels. For example, one pixel may include 4 sub-pixels.
  • the above description is based on an example in which the optical sensor uses the optical signals received by 16 sub-pixels for accumulation and output, and the optical sensor can also use the optical signals received by other numbers of sub-pixels for accumulation and output.
  • the optical sensor can accumulate and sum the signals received by the four sub-pixels to output.
  • the design of the light transmission holes corresponding to the four sub-pixels can also refer to the above design.
  • some optical sensors can support multiple modes of output simultaneously.
  • some optical sensors support both the mode of accumulating and summing the signals received by 16 sub-pixels, which can be called coarse resolution mode, and the mode of accumulating and summing the signals received by 4 sub-pixels, which can be called Fine resolution mode.
  • the image obtained in the fine resolution mode is sharper than the image obtained in the coarse resolution mode.
  • the optical sensor can support both fine resolution and coarse resolution modes, it can be applied to users with fingerprints of different depths. For example, for users with obvious fingerprints, they can use coarse resolution mode for fingerprint recognition, and for users with shallow fingerprints, they can switch to fine resolution mode and use fine resolution mode for fingerprint recognition. In this way, fingerprint recognition can be performed well for fingers with relatively shallow fingerprints.
  • the embodiments of the present application also provide a light-transmitting hole design, which can be applied to optical sensors supporting multiple modes at the same time.
  • the optical sensor can support both coarse resolution mode and fine resolution mode.
  • the optical sensor can accumulate and sum the signals received by the 16 sub-pixels to output.
  • the optical sensor can accumulate and sum the signals received by the four sub-pixels to output.
  • the sub-pixels A0, A1, A2, and A3 form one pixel, and finally generate the signal of one pixel in the image.
  • the pixel composed of the sub-pixels A0, A1, A2, and A3 may be referred to as the secondary pixel A.
  • the sub-pixels B0, B1, B2, B3 also form a sub-pixel B, the sub-pixels C0, C1, C2, C3 also form a sub-pixel C, and the sub-pixels D0, D1, D2, D3 also form a sub-pixel D .
  • the design of the light-transmitting hole can also adopt the structure shown in FIG. 5.
  • the optical sensor can only accumulate and output the signals received by the three sub-pixels at the edge.
  • the optical sensor can accumulate and sum the optical signals received by the sub-pixels A0, A1, and A2 Output.
  • the optical sensor can accumulate and output the optical signals received by the sub-pixels B0, B1, and B3, and accumulate and output the optical signals received by the sub-pixels D1, D2, and D3, and output the sub-pixels C0 and C2.
  • the optical signal received by C3 is accumulated and output.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides another light-transmitting hole structure, which can be applied to optical sensors supporting multiple modes.
  • the light-transmitting holes corresponding to the edge sub-pixels include a first area and a second area.
  • the second area is used to receive light signals reflected by objects corresponding to the adjacent sub-pixels, and the adjacent sub-pixels and the edge sub-pixels In the same sub-pixel, the second region of the edge sub-pixel extends toward the center of the sub-pixel.
  • the second area of the light-transmitting hole corresponding to the sub-pixel A0 is used to receive light signals reflected by objects corresponding to other sub-pixels in the sub-pixel A, and the second area of the light-transmitting hole corresponding to the sub-pixel A0 The area extends toward the center of the sub-pixel A.
  • the structural design of the corresponding light-transmitting holes is similar to that of sub-pixel A0. To avoid repetition, no further description is provided here.
  • the sub-pixel A0 can receive the light signal reflected by the objects corresponding to the sub-pixels A1, A2, and A3. Therefore, the amount of light entering the sub-pixel A0 is increased by 4 times. Similarly, the amount of light entering the sub-pixel A1 can be increased to 4 times the original amount, and the amount of light entering the sub-pixel A2 can also be increased to 4 times the original. Therefore, even in the fine resolution mode, when the optical sensor accumulates and sums the light signals received by the sub-pixels A0, A1, and A2, the total light input of the sub-pixel A increases by three times. In fine resolution mode, the light input of the optical sensor can also be improved.
  • the area of the light-transmitting holes of the edge sub-pixels is larger than the original and receives more optical signals. In this way, even in the fine resolution mode, the optical sensor feels more optical signals than the original. Therefore, in the solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application, in the coarse resolution and fine resolution modes, the light input amount of the optical sensor can be improved.
  • the structure of the light-transmitting holes corresponding to the sub-pixels in different sub-pixels may be the same or different.
  • the angle of the fan-shaped area of the light transmission hole corresponding to each sub-pixel in the sub-pixel A may be 90 degrees
  • the fan-shaped area of the light transmission hole corresponding to each sub-pixel in the sub-pixel B may be other values less than 90 degrees.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides another light-transmitting hole structure, which can be applied to optical sensors supporting multiple modes. Among them, the size and area of the light transmission hole corresponding to each sub-pixel are the same, which can simplify the design and debugging work.
  • one pixel may include multiple sub-pixel groups, and each sub-pixel group includes 4 sub-pixels, and the light-transmitting holes corresponding to each sub-pixel in the 4 sub-pixels include a first area and a second area, and the second area It extends toward the center of the four sub-pixels.
  • the sub-pixel group can also be understood as a secondary pixel, which is another mode supported by the optical sensor.
  • the light-transmitting holes corresponding to the sub-pixels A0, A1, A2, and A3 each include a small circular area and a fan-shaped area, and the fan-shaped areas of the four light-transmitting holes are all It extends toward the center of the sub-pixel A.
  • the light input amounts of the four sub-pixels can be accumulated and added without introducing optical interference, and at the same time, the light input amount can be increased.
  • the optical sensor when imaging the object, may directly receive the optical signal reflected by the object through the light transmission hole, or a lens may be provided above the optical sensor, and the optical sensor may receive the optical signal after the lens is focused.
  • the specific structure may be as shown in FIG. 2, the light transmitting hole is located between the lens and the optical sensor, and the optical sensor may receive the optical signal reflected by the object, focused by the lens, and passing through the light transmitting hole.
  • the lens can focus the optical signal reflected by the object, and the focused optical signal can be better received by the pixels in the optical sensor.
  • the lens can have different sizes according to different actual application scenarios.
  • the size of the lens may be very small, in this case, the lens may also be called a micro lens.
  • the optical collection device in the embodiments of the present application may be an optical fingerprint identification device.
  • an embodiment of the present application further provides an electronic device.
  • the electronic device may include any optical collection device as described above.
  • the electronic device may further include a display screen, and the optical collection device is located below the display screen.
  • the optical collection device may be an optical fingerprint recognition device, which may receive the optical signal reflected by the finger above the display screen.
  • the optical collection device can receive the optical signal reflected by the finger, and generate the fingerprint information of the finger according to the received optical signal.
  • the optical collection device may include a fingerprint sensor.
  • the lens and the light-transmitting hole can also be understood as a part of the optical sensor.
  • the optical collection device in the embodiment of the present application is an optical sensor.
  • the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application may essentially be a part that contributes to the existing technology or a part of the technical solution may be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product is stored in a storage medium , Including several instructions to enable a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the method described in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the foregoing storage media include various media that can store program codes, such as a U disk, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory, a random access memory, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.
  • the division of units or modules or components in the device embodiments described above is only a division of logical functions. In actual implementation, there may be other divisions. For example, multiple units or modules or components may be combined or integrated To another system, or some units or modules or components can be ignored, or not implemented.
  • the units/modules/components described as separate/display components may or may not be physically separated, that is, they may be located in one place, or may be distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units/modules/components may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the objectives of the embodiments of the present application.
  • coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed above may be indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and may be electrical, mechanical or other forms .

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Abstract

一种光学采集装置和电子设备，能够提高光学采集装置获得的图像质量。光学采集装置包括：光学传感器，光学传感器中包括像素；与像素对应的透光孔。其中，像素包括目标子像素，目标子像素以及与目标子像素相邻的子像素均属于同一个像素，目标子像素对应的透光孔的面积大于其他子像素对应的透光孔的面积。

Description

光学采集装置和电子设备 技术领域
本申请实施例涉及光学领域，并且更具体地，涉及一种光学采集装置和电子设备。
背景技术
光学采集装置可以将接收到的物体反射的光信号转换成电信号，通过电信号生成物体的图像。
通常，光学采集装置可以包括光学传感器，光学传感器包括多个像素。光学传感器可以通过像素接收物体反射的光信号进行成像，像素接收的光信号的进光量以及对比度均会影响图像的质量。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供了一种光学采集装置以及电子设备，能够提高光学采集装置获得的图像质量。
第一方面，提供了一种光学采集装置，包括：光学传感器，所述光学传感器中包括像素；与所述像素对应的透光孔；其中，所述像素包括目标子像素，所述目标子像素以及与所述目标子像素相邻的子像素均属于同一个像素，所述目标子像素对应的透光孔的面积大于其他子像素对应的透光孔的面积。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述像素还包括多个第一子像素，所述第一子像素与所述目标子像素不同，所述第一子像素对应的透光孔包括第一区域和第二区域，所述第一区域用于接收所述第一子像素对应的物体反射的光信号，所述第二区域用于接收与所述第一子像素相邻的第二子像素对应的物体反射的光信号，其中，所述第一子像素和所述第二子像素属于同一个像素。
在一些可能的实现方式中，多个所述第一子像素对应的透光孔的面积均相同。
在一些可能的实现方式中，多个所述第一子像素对应的透光孔的形状均相同。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述第一区域为圆形区域，所述第二区域为 扇形区域，所述扇形区域的圆心与所述圆形区域的圆心重合。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述扇形区域的角度为90度。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述光学采集装置还包括透镜，所述透光孔设置于所述透镜与所述像素之间。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述光学采集装置用于光学指纹识别。
第二方面，提供一种电子设备，包括：第一方面以及第一方面中任一可能实现的方式中所述的光学采集装置。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述电子设备还包括显示屏，所述光学采集装置设置在所述显示屏的下方。
第三方面，提供了一种光学采集装置，包括：光学传感器，所述光学传感器中包括像素；与所述像素对应的透光孔；其中，所述透光孔包括第一区域和第二区域，所述第一区域用于接收第一子像素对应的物体反射的光信号，所述第二区域用于接收与所述第一子像素相邻的第二子像素对应的物体反射的光信号，所述第一子像素为所述像素中的任意子像素，所述第一子像素与所述第二子像素属于同一个像素。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述像素中每个子像素对应的透光孔的面积均相同。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述像素中每个子像素对应的透光孔的形状均相同。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述像素中每个子像素对应的透光孔的第二区域均朝向所述像素的中心方向延伸。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述像素包括4个子像素，所述4个子像素中每个子像素对应的透光孔的第二区域均朝向所述4个子像素的中心方向延伸。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述像素包括多个子像素组，每个子像素组包括4个子像素，其中，所述4个子像素中每个子像素对应的透光孔的第二区域均朝向所述4个子像素的中心方向延伸。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述第一区域为圆形区域，所述第二区域为扇形区域，所述扇形区域的圆心与所述圆形区域的圆心重合。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述扇形区域的角度为90度。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述光学采集装置还包括透镜，所述透光孔 设置于所述透镜与所述像素之间。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述光学采集装置用于光学指纹识别。
第四方面，提供一种电子设备，包括：第三方面以及第三方面中任一可能实现的方式中所述的光学采集装置。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述电子设备还包括显示屏，所述光学采集装置设置在所述显示屏的下方。
本申请提供的技术方案中，通过对透光孔的结构进行改进，使得光学传感器中的属于同一个像素的子像素能够接收邻近子像素对应的物体反射的光信号。因此，能够在提高光学传感器像素获得的信号对比度的同时，增大光学传感器的进光量。
附图说明
图1是本申请实施例提供的一种光学采集装置的剖面结构示意图。
图2是本申请实施例提供的另一种光学采集装置的剖面结构示意图。
图3是本申请实施例提供的光学传感器中像素的结构示意图。
图4是本申请实施例提供的一种透光孔的结构示意图。
图5是本申请实施例提供的另一种透光孔的结构示意图。
图6是本申请实施例提供的另一种透光孔的结构示意图。
图7是本申请实施例提供的另一种透光孔的结构示意图。
图8是本申请实施例提供的另一种透光孔的结构示意图。
图9是本申请实施例提供的另一种透光孔的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
本申请实施例提供的光学采集装置可以应用于各种需要进行成像的设备中。例如，本申请实施例提供的光学采集装置可以应用在照相机或摄影机中，用于对待拍摄的物体进行成像。又例如，本申请实施例提供的光学采集装置可用于进行指纹识别，该光学采集装置可以应用在需要进行指纹识别的设置中。
光学采集装置可以包括光学传感器，光学传感器通常是通过像素进行成像，该像素也可以理解为感光单元，或者该像素有时也可以称为像素点。光学传感器中的像素可以将入射光线转换成电信号，进而生成图像中的一个像 素。光学传感器可以包括多个像素，该多个像素可以分别接收物体不同位置反射的光信号，从而生成物体的图像。
图1是本申请实施例提供的像素的成像过程的结构示意图。每个像素可以接收与该像素对应的物体反射的光信号，并基于接收到的光信号生成图像中的一个像素信号。与该像素对应的物体可以理解为位于该像素正上方的物体。或者，与该像素对应的物体可以理解为位于该像素正上方与该像素面积相同的区域的物体。
但是，不可避免地，光学传感器中的像素可能还会接收到与该像素相邻的其他像素对应的物体反射的光信号。以光学传感器包括两个相邻的第一像素和第二像素为例，第一像素除了会接收到第一像素对应的物体反射的光信号之外，还会接收到第二像素对应的物体反射的光信号。同样地，第二像素除了会接收到第二像素对应的物体反射的光信号之外，还会接收到第一像素对应的物体反射的光信号。这样，就会造成第一像素和第二像素获得的信号的对比度下降。对比度下降最终会导致由光学传感器生成的图像的质量降低。
此外，物体反射的光信号比较分散，不容易被光学传感器中的像素获得，因此，可以在像素与物体之间增加透镜，由于透镜具有聚焦的功能，能够使像素对应的物体反射的光信号更好地被该像素接收到。具体结构如图1所示。
在图1中，物体33和物体34分别为像素31和像素32对应的物体，其中，像素31和像素32也可以分别称为感光单元31和感光单元32。透镜18为像素31对应的透镜，透镜18可以将物体33反射的光信号聚焦至像素31。透镜19为像素32对应的透镜，透镜19可以将物体34反射的光信号聚焦至像素34。可以理解的是，物体33和物体34有时也可以指同一个待成像物体的不同位置的区域。
但是，像素31可能会接收到物体31反射的光信号，像素32也可能会接收到物体33反射的光信号。如图1所示，光线20、21、22为物体33反射的光信号，光线23为物体34反射的光信号，透镜18不仅会将光线20、21、22聚焦至像素31，也会将光线23聚焦至像素31，这样，像素31就会感受到物体34的影像；同理，透镜19的入射光线不仅包括光线25、26、27，也会包括光线24，由于透镜19接收到的光线中混入了物体33反射的光线24，这样，像素32就会感受到物体33的影像。因此，像素31和像素32获 得的信号的对比度就会下降，这种现象也可以称为信号串扰(crosstalk)。
为了提高对比度，使得光学传感器获得的图像更为清晰，本申请实施例可以使用图2的结构。在图2中可以在透镜与像素之间设置透光孔，该透光孔可以阻挡部分光线，使得只有位于像素正上方的物体才能透过透光孔，被像素接收到，这样就可以提高像素31和像素32获得的信号的对比度。
透光孔可以是通过在不透光层上开设小孔来形成。例如，可以在像素和透镜之间设置一层不透光层，在不透光层与透镜对应的位置上打一小孔，形成透光孔，使得透镜聚焦后的部分光线可以通过透光孔到达像素。
具体剖面结构如图2所示，不透光层28位于透镜与像素之间，透光孔29、30为不透光层上的两个透光孔。透光孔29为与透镜18对应的透光孔，透光孔29可以允许光线21、22透过透光孔到达像素31，阻挡光线23透过透光孔。透光孔30为与透镜19对应的透光孔，透光孔30可以允许光线25、26透过透光孔到达像素32，阻挡光线24透过透光孔。这样，通过设置透光孔可以阻挡干扰光线到达像素，从而能够提高像素获得的信号的对比度。
为了得到更高的对比度，可以减小透光孔的面积，从而阻挡更多的干扰光线。但是，透光孔的面积减小后，也会阻止更多有用的光线到达像素。如图2中光线20和光线27，小孔的面积减小后，光线20也会被透光孔29阻挡在外面，不能到达像素31，光线27也会被透光孔30阻挡在外面，不能到达像素32。由于接收到的信号减少，其他噪声的存在，最终光学传感器获得的图像质量也会变差。
因此，如何在提高对比度的同时，不降低像素感应到的光信号的进光量成为提高图像质量的关键点。
通常情况下，为了提高信道比，减小噪声的影响，一个像素可以包括多个子像素，光学传感器可以将该多个子像素获得的光信号进行累加求和，最终生成图像中的一个像素的信号。也就是说，图像中的一个像素最终是需要将该多个子像素获得的感光信号进行求和的，因此，该多个子像素中的一个像素即使感应到了该多个像素中其他子像素对应的物体的光信号，也不会影响最终获得的图像中的像素的对比度。
图3为本申请实施例提供的一个像素的结构示意图，以图3为例，一个像素可以包括16个子像素，光学传感器可以将该16个子像素获得的感光信号进行累加求和，得到图像中的一个像素的信号。
传统方案中，与图3所示像素对应的透光孔的结构设计如图4所示，每个子像素对应的透光孔的结构均相同，均为一个圆形小孔的结构。如上文所述，该透光孔在提高对比度的同时，会减小光学传感器的进光量，最终会影响获得的图像质量。
本申请实施例提供一种光学采集装置，能够在提高对比度的同时，还能够提高光学传感器获得的进光量。
本申请实施例主要是对光学采集装置中透光孔的结构进行改进，图5是本申请实施例改进后的透光孔的结构设计，图5中的透光孔与图3中的像素具有对应关系。在图3中我们可以看到，该像素的中心子像素A3、B2、C1、D0即使感应到了与其相邻的其他子像素的入射光线，也不会影响该16个子像素累加后得到的图像中像素的对比度。因此，我们可以将中心子像素对应的透光孔变大，使其接收更多的光信号，以提高光学传感器的进光量，从而提高最终获得的图像质量。
下面对本申请实施例提供的光学采集装置进行详细描述。
光学采集装置可以包括光学传感器，光学传感器可以包括像素，光学采集装置还可以包括与该像素对应的透光孔。该像素可以包括多个子像素，该多个子像素中包括目标子像素，目标子像素可以指与该目标子像素相邻的子像素与该目标像素属于同一个像素的子像素。换句话说，该目标子像素可以指上文描述的中心子像素，即该目标子像素可以是图3中的子像素A3、B2、C1、D0。
例如，在图3中，与子像素A3相邻的子像素可以包括子像素A0、A1、B0、B2、D0、C1、C0、A2，且子像素A0、A1、B0、B2、D0、C1、C0、A2与子像素A3均属于同一个像素。与子像素B2相邻的子像素包括子像素B0、B1、B3、D1、D0、C1、A3、A1，且子像素B0、B1、B3、D1、D0、C1、A3、A1与子像素B2均属于同一个像素。与子像素D0相邻的子像素包括子像素A3、B2、B3、D1、D3、D2、C3、C1，且子像素A3、B2、B3、D1、D3、D2、C3、C1与子像素D0均属于同一个像素。与子像素C1相邻的子像素可以包括子像素A2、A3、B2、D0、D2、C3、C2、C0，且子像素A2、A3、B2、D0、D2、C3、C2、C0与子像素C1均属于同一个像素。因此，可以将子像素A3、B2、C1、D0理解为目标子像素。
本申请实施例提供的方案中，可以将目标子像素对应的透光孔开大，换 句话说，目标子像素对应的透光孔的面积大于其他子像素对应的透光孔的面积。这样，目标子像素可以接收到与其相邻的其他子像素对应的物体反射的光信号，这样，可以提高该目标子像素所在像素的进光量。例如，子像素A3可以接收到子像素A0、A1、B0、B2、D0、C1、C0、A2对应的物体反射的光信号，子像素B2可以接收到子像素B0、B1、B3、D1、D0、C1、A3、A1对应的物体反射的光信号，子像素D0可以接收到子像素A3、B2、B3、D1、D3、D2、C3、C1对应的物体反射的光信号，子像素C1可以接收到子像素A2、A3、B2、D0、D2、C3、C2、C0对应的物体反射的光信号。如果物距够大，可以使子像素A3、B2、C1、D0接收到的光信号的进光量增大为原来的9倍，也就是说，一个目标子像素接收到的光信号可以相当于原来9个子像素接收到的光信号。这样，该16个子像素接收到的光信号相当于原来48个子像素接收到的光信号，该16个子像素接收到的光信号提升为原来的3倍，且增加的进光量仍然为该16个子像素对应的物体反射的光信号，并不会影响最终获得的图像像素的对比度。
图5仅是以透光孔为圆形孔为例进行说明的，透光孔的形状也可以是其他形状，例如方形，或者其他多边形，或者也可以是任意线条围成的形状。
本申请实施例中，除了上文描述的一个子像素对应一个透光孔以外，也可以是多个子像素对应一个透光孔。例如，可以将原来子像素A3、B2、C1、D0对应的透光孔连通，形成一个大的透光孔。具体地，可以将图5中的中间4个圆形透光孔合并为一个大的透光孔。
为方便描述，下文将一个像素中除目标子像素之外的其他子像素称为边缘子像素。
可选地，边缘子像素对应的透光孔除了用于接收边缘子像素对应的物体反射的光信号之外，还可以用于接收与其相邻的其他子像素对应的物体反射的光信号。
如图6所示，图6所示的透光孔结构与图3所示的像素结构对应，边缘子像素可以指子像素A0、A1、B0、B1、B3、D1、D3、D2、C3、C2、C0、A2。边缘子像素对应的透光孔可以包括第一区域和第二区域，第一区域用于接收第一子像素对应的物体反射的光信号，第一子像素可以为边缘子像素中的任意子像素，第二区域用于接收第二子像素对应的物体反射的光信号。其中，第二子像素与第一子像素属于同一个像素。
可选地，该第二子像素可以是第一子像素所在像素中的任意一个或多个子像素。以第一子像素为子像素A0为例，第二子像素可以为该16个子像素中除子像素A0以外的任意一个或多个子像素。换句话说，透光孔的第一区域和第二区域可以用于接收该16个子像素上方的物体反射的光信号。只要该透光孔的设置能够满足不会接收除该16个子像素之外的其他子像素对应的物体反射的光信号，就不会影响该16个子像素获得信号的对比度。
可选地，第二子像素可以是第一子像素所在像素中与第一子像素相邻的子像素。以第一子像素为子像素A0为例，第二子像素可以为子像素A1、A2、A3中的任意一个或多个子像素。子像素A0对应的透光孔的第二区域可以用于接收子像素A1、A2、A3中的任意一个或多个子像素对应的物体反射的光信号。例如，子像素A0对应的透光孔的第二区域可以仅接收子像素A3对应的物体反射的光信号。又例如，子像素A0对应的透光孔的第二区域可以同时接收子像素A1、A2、A3对应的物体反射的光信号。
本申请实施例对第一区域和第二区域的形状不做具体限定。
第一区域的形状可以与传统方案中的透光孔的形状相同，也可以不同。例如，第一区域的形状可以是一个圆形，如图6中的区域61的形状，或者，第一区域的形状也可以是方形，或者第一区域的形状可以是任意线条围成的形状。
第二区域的形状可以是扇形，如图6中的区域62的形状，或者也可以是方形，或者也可以是任意线条围成的形状。
透光孔的第二区域可以朝向第一子像素所在像素的中心方向延伸。以一个像素包括16个子像素为例，边缘子像素对应的透光孔的第二区域可以朝向该16个子像素的中心方向延伸。
优选地，第一区域为圆形区域，第二区域为扇形区域，且该扇形区域的圆心与第一区域的圆心重合。
本申请实施例对扇形区域的角度不做具体限定。例如，扇形区域的角度可以为90度，也可以为180度，或者，也可以为其他任意角度。
以图6为例，子像素A0、B1、D3、C2对应的透光孔的第二区域可以是一个90度的扇形区域，或者也可以是小于90度的扇形区域。子像素A1、B0、B3、D1、D2、C3、C0、A2对应的透光孔的第二区域可以是一个180度的扇形区域，或者也可以是小于180度的扇形区域。
因此，本申请实施例除了可以增大中心子像素对应的透光孔的面积外，还可以对边缘子像素对应的透光孔进行改进，使边缘子像素能够接收到该边缘子像素的邻近子像素对应的物体反射的光信号，从而能够进一步增大像素的进光量。
图6是本申请实施例的一种优选方案，可以将边缘子像素接收到的光信号提高到最大，使得像素接收到的光信号得到提高，从而能够提高获得的图像质量。
图7为本申请实施例的另一种优选方案，其中，每一个边缘子像素对应的透光孔的面积可以是相同的。进一步地，每一个边缘子像素对应的透光孔的形状也可以是相同的。在图7中，每一个边缘子像素对应的透光孔均包括一个小圆区域和一个扇形区域，该扇形区域的角度均为90度。该扇形区域可以用于收集邻近子像素对应的物体反射的光信号。
以子像素A0为例，扇形区域可以用于接收子像素A1、A2、A3对应的物体反射的光信号，子像素A0接收到的光信号可以相当于原来的4倍。每一个边缘子像素接收到的光信号都可以相当于原来的4倍，且中心子像素接收到的光信号相当于原来的9倍，因此，该16个子像素接收到的光信号就可以相当于原来的5.25倍，大大提高了像素接收到的光量。
另外，由于边缘子像素对应的透光孔的面积、形状、尺寸均相同，通过相同形状和面积的透光孔的光量也基本相同，这些边缘子像素的电路结构以及光学设计都可以是相同的。因此，只需为边缘子像素设计一套采集器，能够简化设计和调试工作。
可选地，图7所示的透光孔的结构只是一种优选的实施例，子像素A1、B0、B3、D1、D2、C3、C0、A2对应的透光孔的第二区域的朝向也不局限于图7所示的方向。例如，子像素A1对应的透光孔的第二区域也可以朝向该16个子像素的中心，或者，也可以朝向子像素A3对应的透光孔，或者也可以朝向其他方向，本申请实施例对此不做具体限定。
可选地，本申请实施例还提供另一种透光孔的结构，其中，一个像素中的所有子像素对应的透光孔的形状、面积均相同，这样，对于一个光学传感器来说，每个子像素的电路结构及光学设计都是相同的，能够进一步简化设计和调试工作。
每个透光孔的形状和面积均相同，但是对于透光孔具体采用何种形状和 面积，本申请实施例不做具体限定。例如，如图8所示，每个透光孔可以均包括一个第一区域和一个第二区域，第一区域可以为一个小圆区域，第二区域可以为一个90度的扇形区域。
图8示出的是每个透光孔的扇形区域均朝向像素的中心方向延伸，但本申请实施例并不限于此。扇形区域还可以朝向其他的方向。
可选地，可以将一个像素包括的多个子像素划分为多个子像素组，每个子像素组包括4个子像素，其中，该4个子像素中每个子像素对应的透光孔的第二区域均朝向该4个子像素的中心方向延伸，如图9所示。图9示出的是一个像素包括4个子像素组的情况，每个子像素组包括4个子像素，每个子像素组中的子像素对应的透光孔的第二区域均朝向该子像素组的中心方向延伸。
可选地，一个像素中的子像素对应的透光孔的形状、面积可以均相同。透光孔可以包括第一区域和第二区域，第一区域可以为一个圆形区域，第二区域为扇形区域，该扇形区域的角度为90度。
透光孔的第二区域的朝向可以不局限于图8和图9所示的结构，扇形区域还可以朝向其他方向，本申请实施例对此不做具体限定，例如，透光孔的第二区域的朝向可以为任意方向。
可选地，可以将光学传感器中的一个像素划分为任意数量个子像素组，每个子像素组对应的透光孔的结构都相同。例如，一个像素可以包括2个或4个或8个等其他数量的子像素组。
可选地，每个子像素组中子像素的数量也不局限于4个，例如，也可以是3个，或者9个等其他数量的子像素。
可选地，一个像素中包括的多个子像素的排列方式也不局限于上文图3中的排列方式，也可以是其他的排列方式，例如，可以是多个像素排列成一个圆形的形状，或者，该多个像素也可以是错位的排列方式。
上文均是以一个像素包括16个子像素为例进行描述的，但本申请实施例不限于此，一个像素可以包括任意数量个子像素。例如，一个像素可以包括4个子像素。
可选地，上文均是以光学传感器以16个子像素接收到的光信号进行累加求和输出为例描述的，光学传感器还可以以其他数量个子像素接收到的光信号进行累加求和进行输出。例如，光学传感器可以以4个子像素接收到的 信号进行累加求和进行输出，这种情况下，该4个子像素对应的透光孔的设计也可以参考上文的设计。
可选地，有些光学传感器可以同时支持多种模式的输出。例如，有些光学传感器既支持将16个子像素接收到的信号累加求和输出的模式，可以称为粗分辨率模式，也支持将4个子像素接收到的信号累加求和输出的模式，可以称为细分辨率模式。细分辨率模式获得的图像比粗分辨率模式获得的图像会更清晰些。
在光学采集装置用于指纹识别的情况下，如果光学传感器能够同时支持细分辨率和粗分辨率模式，则对于具有不同深浅指纹的用户均能适用。例如，对于指纹比较明显的用户来说，可以使用粗分辨率模式进行指纹识别，对于指纹比较浅的用户来说，可以切换至细分辨率模式，采用细分辨率模式进行指纹识别。这样，对于指纹比较浅的手指也能很好地进行指纹识别。
本申请实施例还提供了一种透光孔的设计，能够适用于同时支持多种模式的光学传感器。
如图3所示，该光学传感器可以同时支持粗分辨率模式和细分辨率模式。在粗分辨率模式下，如前文所述，光学传感器可以将16个子像素接收到的信号累加求和进行输出。在细分辨率模式下，光学传感器可以将4个子像素接收到的信号累加求和进行输出。例如，在细分辨率模式下，子像素A0、A1、A2、A3组成一个像素，最终生成图像中一个像素的信号。为了更好地区分，可以将子像素A0、A1、A2、A3组成的像素称为次级像素A。子像素B0、B1、B2、B3也组成一个次级像素B，子像素C0、C1、C2、C3也组成一个次级像素C，子像素D0、D1、D2、D3也组成一个次级像素D。
对于同时支持两种模式的光学采集装置来说，透光孔的设计也可以采用如图5所示的结构。只不过在细分辨率模式下，由于中心子像素会接收到其他次级像素对应的物体反射的光信号，因此光学传感器可以仅将边缘的3个子像素接收到的信号进行累加求和输出。例如，在细分辨率模式下，由于子像素A3会接收到其他次级像素对应的物体反射的光信号，因此，光学传感器可以将子像素A0、A1、A2接收到的光信号进行累加求和输出。同样地，光学传感器可以将子像素B0、B1、B3接收到的光信号进行累加求和输出，将子像素D1、D2、D3接收到的光信号进行累加求和输出，将子像素C0、C2、C3接收到的光信号进行累加求和输出。
本申请实施例还提供了另一种透光孔结构，能够适用于支持多种模式的光学传感器。
如图7所示，边缘子像素对应的透光孔包括第一区域和第二区域，第二区域用于接收邻近子像素对应的物体反射的光信号，且该邻近子像素与边缘子像素属于同一个次级像素，边缘子像素的第二区域朝向次级像素的中心方向延伸。
例如，对于次级像素A，子像素A0对应的透光孔的第二区域用于接收次级像素A中其他子像素对应的物体反射的光信号，子像素A0对应的透光孔的第二区域朝向次级像素A的中心方向延伸。对于其他的子像素而言，其对应的透光孔的结构设计与子像素A0类似，为避免重复，此处不再赘述。
如果物距足够大，子像素A0能够接收到子像素A1、A2、A3对应的物体反射的光信号，因此，子像素A0的进光量增大到原来的4倍。同理，子像素A1的进光量也可以增大到原来的4倍，子像素A2的进光量也可以增大到原来的4倍。因此，即使在细分辨率模式下，光学传感器在将子像素A0、A1、A2接收到的光信号进行累加求和时，次级像素A的整体进光量也增大到原来的3倍。在细分辨率模式下，光学传感器的进光量也能够得到提高。
边缘子像素的透光孔的面积比原来的更大，接收到的光信号也更多，这样，即使在细分辨率模式下，光学传感器感受到的光信号也比原来的多。因此，本申请实施例提供的方案，在粗分辨率和细分辨率模式下，光学传感器的进光量都能够得到提高。
另外，在图7的方案中，不同次级像素中的子像素对应的透光孔的结构可以相同，也可以不同。例如，次级像素A中每个子像素对应的透光孔的扇形区域的角度可以为90度，次级像素B中每个子像素对应的透光孔的扇形区域可以为小于90度的其他值。
本申请实施例还提供了另一种透光孔的结构，能够适用于支持多种模式的光学传感器。其中，每个子像素对应的透光孔的尺寸和面积均相同，能够简化设计和调试工作。
如图8所示，一个像素可以包括多个子像素组，每个子像素组包括4个子像素，该4个子像素中每个子像素对应的透光孔均包括第一区域和第二区域，第二区域朝向该4个子像素的中心方向延伸。其中，子像素组也可以理 解为次级像素，也就是光学传感器支持的另一种模式。
举例来说，以次级像素A为例，子像素A0、A1、A2、A3对应的透光孔均包括一个小的圆形区域和一个扇形区域，且该4个透光孔的扇形区域均朝向次级像素A的中心方向延伸。这样，在细分辨率模式下，可以以该4个子像素的进光量进行累加求和，并且不会引入光学干扰，同时还能够提高进光量。
可选地，光学传感器在对物体进行成像时，可以是直接接收物体反射的经过透光孔的光信号，或者还可以在光学传感器上方设置透镜，光学传感器可以接收透镜聚焦后的光信号。具体结构可以如图2所示，透光孔位于透镜和光学传感器之间，光学传感器可以接收物体反射后的经过透镜聚焦后，且穿过透光孔的光信号。透镜能够对物体反射的光信号进行聚焦，聚焦后的光信号能够被光传感器中的像素更好地接收到。
透镜可以根据实际应用场景的不同，具有不同的尺寸。例如，在指纹识别的应用场景中，透镜的尺寸可以非常小，在该情况下，透镜也可以称为微透镜。
可选地，本申请实施例中的光学采集装置可以为光学指纹识别装置。
可选地，本申请实施例还提供一种电子设备，该电子设备可以包括如前文所述的任一种光学采集装置。
可选地，电子设备还可以包括显示屏，光学采集装置位于该显示屏的下方。光学采集装置可以为光学指纹识别装置，该光学指纹识别装置可以接收显示屏上方的手指反射的光信号。具体地，光学采集装置可以接收手指反射回来的光信号，并根据接收的光信号生成手指的指纹信息。其中，光学采集装置可以包括指纹传感器。
但是，在某些情况下，也可以将透镜、透光孔均理解为光学传感器的一部分，这种情况下，本申请实施例中的光学采集装置即为光学传感器。
需要说明的是，在本申请实施例和所附权利要求书中使用的术语是仅仅出于描述特定实施例的目的，而非旨在限制本申请实施例。
例如，在本申请实施例和所附权利要求书中所使用的单数形式的“一种”、“所述”、“上述”和“该”也旨在包括多数形式，除非上下文清楚地表示其他含义。
所属领域的技术人员可以意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各 示例的单元及算法步骤，能够以电子硬件、或者计算机软件和电子硬件的结合来实现。这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请实施例的范围。
如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解，本申请实施例的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分或者该技术方案的部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)执行本申请实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括：U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器、随机存取存储器、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为描述的方便和简洁，上述描述的设备、装置和单元的具体工作过程，可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。
在本申请提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的电子设备、装置和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。
例如，以上所描述的装置实施例中单元或模块或组件的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如，多个单元或模块或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些单元或模块或组件可以忽略，或不执行。
又例如，上述作为分离/显示部件说明的单元/模块/组件可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元/模块/组件来实现本申请实施例的目的。
最后，需要说明的是，上文中显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口，装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式。
以上内容，仅为本申请实施例的具体实施方式，但本申请实施例的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请实施例揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请实施例的保护范围 之内。因此，本申请实施例的保护范围应以权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (22)

  1. 一种光学采集装置，其特征在于，包括：
    光学传感器，所述光学传感器中包括像素；
    与所述像素对应的透光孔；
    其中，所述像素包括目标子像素，所述目标子像素以及与所述目标子像素相邻的子像素均属于同一个像素，所述目标子像素对应的透光孔的面积大于其他子像素对应的透光孔的面积。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的光学采集装置，其特征在于，所述像素还包括多个第一子像素，所述第一子像素与所述目标子像素不同，所述第一子像素对应的透光孔包括第一区域和第二区域，所述第一区域用于接收所述第一子像素对应的物体反射的光信号，所述第二区域用于接收与所述第一子像素相邻的第二子像素对应的物体反射的光信号，其中，所述第一子像素和所述第二子像素属于同一个像素。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的光学采集装置，其特征在于，多个所述第一子像素对应的透光孔的面积均相同。
  4. 根据权利要求2或3所述的光学采集装置，其特征在于，多个所述第一子像素对应的透光孔的形状均相同。
  5. 根据权利要求2-4中任一项所述的光学采集装置，其特征在于，所述第一区域为圆形区域，所述第二区域为扇形区域，所述扇形区域的圆心与所述圆形区域的圆心重合。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的光学采集装置，其特征在于，所述扇形区域的角度为90度。
  7. 根据权利要求1-6中任一项所述的光学采集装置，其特征在于，所述光学采集装置还包括透镜，所述透光孔设置于所述透镜与所述像素之间。
  8. 根据权利要求1-6中任一项所述的光学采集装置，其特征在于，所述光学采集装置用于光学指纹识别。
  9. 一种电子设备，其特征在于，包括：
    如权利要求1-8中任一项所述的光学采集装置。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的电子设备，其特征在于，所述电子设备还包括显示屏，所述光学采集装置设置在所述显示屏的下方。
  11. 一种光学采集装置，其特征在于，包括：
    光学传感器，所述光学传感器中包括像素；
    与所述像素对应的透光孔；
    其中，所述透光孔包括第一区域和第二区域，所述第一区域用于接收第一子像素对应的物体反射的光信号，所述第二区域用于接收与所述第一子像素相邻的第二子像素对应的物体反射的光信号，所述第一子像素为所述像素中的任意子像素，所述第一子像素与所述第二子像素属于同一个像素。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的光学采集装置，其特征在于，所述像素中每个子像素对应的透光孔的面积均相同。
  13. 根据权利要求11或12所述的光学采集装置，其特征在于，所述像素中每个子像素对应的透光孔的形状均相同。
  14. 根据权利要求11-13中任一项所述的光学采集装置，其特征在于，所述像素中每个子像素对应的透光孔的第二区域均朝所述像素的中心方向延伸。
  15. 根据权利要求11-14中任一项所述的光学采集装置，其特征在于，所述像素包括4个子像素，所述4个子像素中每个子像素对应的透光孔的第二区域均朝所述4个子像素的中心方向延伸。
  16. 根据权利要求11-13中任一项所述的光学采集装置，其特征在于，所述像素包括多个子像素组，每个子像素组包括4个子像素，其中，所述4个子像素中每个子像素对应的透光孔的第二区域均朝所述4个子像素的中心方向延伸。
  17. 根据权利要求11-16中任一项所述的光学采集装置，其特征在于，所述第一区域为圆形区域，所述第二区域为扇形区域，所述扇形区域的圆心与所述圆形区域的圆心重合。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的光学采集装置，其特征在于，所述扇形区域的角度为90度。
  19. 根据权利要求11-18中任一项所述的光学采集装置，其特征在于，所述光学采集装置还包括透镜，所述透光孔设置于所述透镜与所述像素之间。
  20. 根据权利要求11-19中任一项所述的光学采集装置，其特征在于，所述光学采集装置用于光学指纹识别。
  21. 一种电子设备，其特征在于，包括：
    如权利要求11-20中任一项所述的光学采集装置。
  22. 根据权利要求21所述的电子设备，其特征在于，所述电子设备还包括显示屏，所述光学采集装置设置在所述显示屏的下方。
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