WO2020114080A1 - 考虑非线性阻抗特征的碳纤维复合材料雷电损伤评估方法 - Google Patents
考虑非线性阻抗特征的碳纤维复合材料雷电损伤评估方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2020114080A1 WO2020114080A1 PCT/CN2019/110579 CN2019110579W WO2020114080A1 WO 2020114080 A1 WO2020114080 A1 WO 2020114080A1 CN 2019110579 W CN2019110579 W CN 2019110579W WO 2020114080 A1 WO2020114080 A1 WO 2020114080A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- lightning
- carbon fiber
- fiber composite
- damage
- composite material
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance
- G01N27/028—Circuits therefor
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R27/00—Arrangements for measuring resistance, reactance, impedance, or electric characteristics derived therefrom
- G01R27/02—Measuring real or complex resistance, reactance, impedance, or other two-pole characteristics derived therefrom, e.g. time constant
- G01R27/16—Measuring impedance of element or network through which a current is passing from another source, e.g. cable, power line
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
- B64D45/00—Aircraft indicators or protectors not otherwise provided for
- B64D45/02—Lightning protectors; Static dischargers
Definitions
- the invention belongs to a carbon fiber composite material lightning damage assessment method, and particularly relates to a carbon fiber composite material lightning damage assessment method considering nonlinear impedance characteristics.
- Carbon fiber composite materials not only have the characteristics of low density, high strength, high modulus, high temperature resistance and chemical corrosion resistance, but also have the soft processability of textile fibers. They are widely used in various fields such as aerospace, military and civil industries. With the improvement of aircraft design and the advancement of carbon fiber composite technology, the use of carbon fiber reinforced polymer composite CFRP (Carbon, Fiber, Reinforced Polymers) in large civil aircraft, military aircraft, drones and stealth aircraft has continued to increase, from 1960 The CFRP consumption of McDonnell Douglas DC-9 aircraft was less than 1% in the year. By the end of 2011, 50% of the main wing, tail, fuselage, floor and other structures of the Boeing B787 used CFRP materials, and the CFRP materials on the Airbus A350XWA accounted for The proportion reached 53%.
- CFRP Carbon, Fiber, Reinforced Polymers
- CFRP Compared with the aluminum, steel and titanium alloy materials traditionally used in aircraft, CFRP has poor electrical conductivity.
- the resistivity of the CFRP laminate in the warp direction is in the order of 10 -5 ⁇ m
- the resistivity in the transverse plane direction is in the order of 10 -1 ⁇ m
- the resistivity in the depth/thickness direction is greater. This makes CFRP laminates unable to have the ability to quickly transfer or diffuse the accumulated charge in a short time like metal materials under lightning strikes. This part of the accumulated energy in the form of Joule heat makes the temperature of CFRP rise sharply, resulting in CFRP Severe damage such as fiber breakage, resin pyrolysis, and deep layering.
- the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for evaluating the damage of lightning damage of carbon fiber composite materials considering the characteristics of nonlinear impedance, to obtain the law between the lightning damage area and the depth of damage of carbon fiber composite materials and various factors, and to formulate and process carbon fiber composite laminates
- the research provides a theoretical basis.
- the present invention adopts the following scheme:
- the lightning damage assessment method of carbon fiber composite materials considering the nonlinear impedance characteristics, the lightning current amplitude, rise rate, charge transfer amount, specific energy, and the acting gap distance are taken as the influencing factors of the lightning damage of carbon fiber composite materials under the action of a single lightning current component, and Considering the nonlinear characteristics of the carbon fiber composite material, the nonlinear impedance of the carbon fiber composite material is introduced into the lightning damage assessment model, and the nonlinear impedance under the action of the specified lightning current component is used to control the energy, and finally the various effects of the lightning current component are obtained Factors and experimental data of carbon fiber composite material lightning damage area and damage depth, on this basis, a multi-factor evaluation model of carbon fiber composite material lightning damage area and damage depth is established, and multi-factors of carbon fiber composite material lightning damage area and damage depth are obtained The impact factor provides a theoretical basis for the research on the formula and process of carbon fiber composite laminates.
- k 1s , k 2s and k 3s are the influence factors of lightning current component rise rate, charge transfer amount and specific energy on the lightning damage area of carbon fiber composite materials; k 1d , k 2d , k 3d is the influence factor of the lightning current component rise rate, charge transfer amount, and specific energy on the depth of lightning damage of carbon fiber composite materials; Z R is the dynamic impedance corresponding to the peak value of the lightning current component.
- the method for evaluating lightning damage of a carbon fiber composite material considering nonlinear impedance characteristics of the present invention studies various influencing factors of the lightning damage of the carbon fiber composite material under the action of a single lightning current component, and obtains the lightning damage area, damage depth and lightning current component of the carbon fiber composite material Between the peak value, the rate of rise, the amount of charge transferred, the specific energy, and the nonlinear impedance characteristics of carbon fiber composite materials, on the basis of which, the nonlinear impedance of carbon fiber composite materials is introduced into the lightning damage assessment model.
- the nonlinear impedance under the action of the current component is controlled against the energy to establish a multi-factor evaluation model of lightning damage under the action of a single lightning current component, and the carbon fiber composite lightning damage area, damage depth and multi-factor influence factors and the mathematics between them are obtained Expressions, to explore the mechanism of lightning damage of carbon fiber composite materials, provide a theoretical basis for the research of carbon fiber composite material laminates and processes.
- Fig. 1 is the test circuit of the lightning current component of the present invention
- FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the clamping of the carbon fiber composite material of the test article of the present invention
- FIG. 4 is a test flow of the lightning damage assessment of the carbon fiber composite material under the action of the destructive lightning current component of the present invention.
- the lightning current component test circuit of the present invention includes a controllable DC charging power supply 1 composed of a voltage regulator T1, a transformer T2, a rectifier diode D, and a charging resistor R 2 ; a switch S and a resistor R 3 constitute a safe discharge of the storage capacitor Discharge circuit; energy storage capacitor unit 2 (capacitance C), discharge switch 3, waveform adjustment inductance 5 (inductance L), waveform adjustment resistance 4 (resistance value R), forming a lightning current A component discharge circuit.
- a controllable DC charging power supply 1 composed of a voltage regulator T1, a transformer T2, a rectifier diode D, and a charging resistor R 2 ; a switch S and a resistor R 3 constitute a safe discharge of the storage capacitor Discharge circuit; energy storage capacitor unit 2 (capacitance C), discharge switch 3, waveform adjustment inductance 5 (inductance L), waveform adjustment resistance 4 (resistance value R), forming a lightning current A component discharge circuit.
- lightning current A component uses the lightning current A component as an example to explain the adjustment method of the nonlinear lightning current A component loop parameter.
- Other lightning current component loops can refer to this process to select the loop parameter.
- the rise time T 1 and half-peak time T 2 of the lightning current A component are calculated as follows:
- the A component loop of the non-linear lightning current is generated by an RLC circuit, and the loop parameter selection is as follows:
- C is the capacitance of the energy storage capacitor unit 2
- L is the waveform adjustment inductance 4 inductance
- R is the waveform adjustment resistance 5 resistance value
- U 0 is the charging voltage across the energy storage capacitor
- T 1 is the lightning current component of the wave front time
- i m is the peak output current loop
- ⁇ is the damping coefficient of the circuit of Figure 2
- T 1 * is the normalized coefficient wavefront time
- i m * is the normalized peak factor.
- equation (1) contains 4 unknowns. Therefore, equation (1) has infinite sets of solutions. Under the condition of assuming the capacity of the storage capacitor, the parameters can be selected according to Table 1:
- the quasi-dynamic volt-ampere characteristic curve under the action of the lightning current A component of the carbon fiber composite material is obtained.
- the volt-ampere characteristic curve of the obtained carbon fiber composite material under non-destructive lightning strike is numerically fitted to obtain the mathematical expression between the dynamic impedance of the carbon fiber composite material and the lightning current waveform parameter under the action of the lightning current A component.
- the initial current value I nodes1 , the end current value I nodesm and the test current data points m of the non-destructive dynamic impedance characteristic of the carbon fiber composite material are preset.
- FIG. 3 See FIG. 3 for a schematic view of the clamping of the carbon fiber composite material of the tested product.
- the upper electrode rod 11 is connected to the high-voltage output end of the lightning current A component generating circuit, and the upper electrode tip 12, the upper insulating end cover 13, the copper block 14, and the spring 15 clamp the tested product;
- the second bolt 111 is used for In order to fix the insulating base 110 and the insulating support 19 of the tested product;
- the fixed insulating sleeve 113 fixes the upper electrode rod 11 and the upper insulating cover 13 together;
- the second nut 114 is used for the lightning current component generating circuit and the tested product Electrical connection.
- the action gap distance of the fixed carbon fiber composite lightning damage test can be selected within 1-10mm, and the action gap distance is at least 3-5 action gap distance points, such as 2mm(d 1 ), 4mm(d 2 ), ..., 10mm (d m ).
- the influencing factors of lightning damage of carbon fiber composite materials include: peak value of lightning current component, rise rate, charge transfer amount and specific energy, but the current peak is directly related to charge transfer amount and specific energy.
- k 1s , k 2s and k 3s are the influence factors of lightning current component rise rate, charge transfer amount and specific energy on the lightning damage area of carbon fiber composite materials; k 1d , k 2d , k 3d is the influence factor of the lightning current component rise rate, charge transfer amount, and specific energy on the depth of lightning damage of carbon fiber composite materials; Z R is the dynamic impedance corresponding to the peak value of the lightning current component.
- the two equations have 6 unknowns, therefore, at least 4 points of lightning damage area and damage depth test data are required; if you want to verify the multi-factor impact factor of lightning damage of carbon fiber composite materials
- the stability of the test data points should continue to increase, for example, no less than 5 test points.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Evolutionary Computation (AREA)
- Geometry (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Testing Relating To Insulation (AREA)
- Elimination Of Static Electricity (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Electric Means (AREA)
- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开一种考虑非线性阻抗特征的碳纤维复合材料雷电损伤评估方法,研究单一雷电流分量作用下,碳纤维复合材料雷电损伤的各种影响因素,获得碳纤维复合材料雷电损伤面积、损伤深度与雷电流分量的峰值、上升速率、转移电荷量、比能量以及碳纤维复合材料的非线性阻抗特性之间的规律,在此基础上,建立单一雷电流分量作用下雷电损伤的多因素评估模型,获得碳纤维复合材料雷电损伤面积、损伤深度与多因素的影响因子及其之间的数学表达式,探究碳纤维复合材料的雷电损伤机理,为碳纤维复合材料层合板配方、工艺的研究提供理论依据。
Description
本发明属于碳纤维复合材料雷电损伤的评估方法,特别涉及一种考虑非线性阻抗特征的碳纤维复合材料雷电损伤评估方法。
碳纤维复合材料既具有低密度、高强度、高模量、耐高温、耐化学腐蚀等特性,又具有纺织纤维的柔软可加工性,广泛应用于航空航天、军事及民用工业等各个领域。随着飞机设计的改进和碳纤维复合材料技术的进步,碳纤维增强型聚合物复合材料CFRP(Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymers)在大型民用飞机、军用飞机、无人机及隐形飞机上的用量不断增长,从1960年麦道公司DC-9机型上CFRP的用量不足1%,到2011年末波音B787的主翼、尾翼、机体、地板等结构的50%用的是CFRP材料,空客A350XWA上CFRP材料所占的比例达到53%。
相比较飞机中传统使用的铝、钢和钛合金材料,CFRP的电传导性能差。一般来讲,CFRP层合板经向方向的电阻率为10
-5Ω·m量级、横向平面方向的电阻率为10
-1Ω·m量级、深度/厚度方向的电阻率更大。这就使得CFRP层合板在雷击情况下无法像金属材料那样具有短时间使积累的电荷迅速转移或扩散的能力,这部分积聚的能量以焦耳热的形式使得CFRP温度急剧升高,从而导致CFRP的纤维断裂、树脂热解、深度分层等严重损伤。
欧盟和美军标规定了航空器雷电直接的试验要求和雷电流分量,其中雷电分量包括分量A(首次雷电回击分量)或Ah(首次雷电回击的过渡分量)、B(中 间电流分量)、C/C*(持续电流分量)和D(后续回击分量)电流波,其中雷电流分量A、Ah和D波均为峰值高(分别为200kA、150kA、100kA)、上升速率快的雷电流分量;雷电流分量B可以是平均电流2kA、上升时间短、持续时间为几个毫秒的双指数波,也可以是上升较为缓慢的方波电流;雷电流分量C为上升时间缓慢、持续时间几百毫秒的电流波。
自CFRP问世以来,诸多学者就将研究热点集中在其机械特性的研究方面,得出了机械冲击参量与CFRP的抗拉伸强度、抗压缩强度及损伤区域和损伤深度之间的关系规律。目前而言,关于碳纤维复合材料雷电损伤的研究获得了越来越广泛的关注,许多研究者在实验手段缺乏的情况下,通过建立单一雷电流分量作用下碳纤维复合材料雷电损伤的热电耦合模型,通过仿真计算初步获得了碳纤维复合材料雷电损伤面积、损伤深度的影响规律。
但是,碳纤维复合材料雷电损伤与雷电流分量的峰值、上升速率、电荷转移量、比能量以及碳纤维复合材料的阻抗特性的定量关系并未获得,碳纤维复合材料雷电损伤的评估方法严重滞后,大大阻碍碳纤维复合材料配方、工艺的研究和性能的提升,因而制约了其在航空航天领域的应用。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种考虑非线性阻抗特征的碳纤维复合材料雷电损伤评估方法,获得碳纤维复合材料雷电损伤面积、损伤深度与多种因素之间的规律,为碳纤维复合材料层合板配方、工艺的研究提供理论依据。
为实现上述目的本发明采用如下方案:
考虑非线性阻抗特征的碳纤维复合材料雷电损伤评估方法,将雷电流幅值、上升速率、电荷转移量、比能量以及作用间隙距离作为单一雷电流分量作用下 碳纤维复合材料雷电损伤的影响因素,并且考虑碳纤维复合材料的非线性特性,将碳纤维复合材料的非线性阻抗引入到雷电损伤评估模型中,用规定雷电流分量作用下的非线性阻抗对比能量进行调控,最终获得雷电流分量的各种影响因素与碳纤维复合材料雷电损伤面积、损伤深度的实验数据,在此基础上,建立碳纤维复合材料雷电损伤面积、损伤深度的多因素评估模型,获得碳纤维复合材料雷电损伤面积、损伤深度的多因素的影响因子,为碳纤维复合材料层合板配方、工艺的研究提供理论依据。
进一步,具体包括如下步骤:
1)固定碳纤维复合材料雷电损伤测试的作用间隙距离,间隙距离在1-10mm之内选定,选定3-5个作用间隙距离点;
2)设置破坏性雷电流分量作用的电流范围,在100kA或200kA范围内至少设置5个测试点;
3)控制雷电流单一分量发生电路输出初始电流值I
des1,对被试碳纤维复合材料进行雷电损伤试验,测量和存储流经被试品的雷电流(I
des1)及试品两端的电压(U
des1),并采用C/B扫描成像得到碳纤维复合材料的雷电损伤面积S
des11和损伤深度D
des11;
4)控制雷电流单一分量发生电路输出第二个测试值I
des2,对被试碳纤维复合材料进行雷电损伤试验,测量和存储流经被试品的雷电流(I
des2)及试品两端的电压(U
des2),并采用C/B扫描成像得到碳纤维复合材料的雷电损伤面积S
des12和损伤深度D
des12;
5)判断破坏性雷电流测试值是否达到终止电流值?如果电流值未达到终止电流值,则控制雷电流单一分量发生电路输出下一个测试值,……,直至测试 电流达到终止电流值,测量和存储流经被试品的雷电流(I
des1n)及试品两端的电压(U
des1n),并采用C/B扫描成像得到碳纤维复合材料的雷电损伤面积S
des1n和损伤深度D
des1n;
6)调整被试碳纤维复合材料雷电流分量雷电损伤的作用间隙距离至第二个作用间隙距离d
2;
7)重复上述步骤2)至5),获得(S
des21,D
des21)、(S
des22,D
des22)、……、(S
des2n,D
des2n)直至(S
desm1,D
desm1)、(S
desm2,D
desm2)、……、(S
desmn,D
desmn);
8)对获得的碳纤维复合材料破坏性雷电损伤面积和雷电损伤深度(S
des11,D
des11)、(S
des12,D
des12)、……、(S
des1n,D
des1n)直至(S
desm1,D
desm1)、(S
desm2,D
desm2)、……、(S
desmn,D
desmn)大样本测试数据进行分析处理,建立碳纤维复合材料雷电损伤面积、损伤深度与雷电流单一分量的幅值、上升速率、电荷转移量、比能量等参数之间的雷电损伤评估模型,并求解碳纤维雷电损伤多因素的影响因子。
进一步,考虑雷电流分量作用下,碳纤维材料的非线性阻抗特性,将碳纤维复合材料的非线性阻抗引入到雷电损伤评估模型中,用规定雷电流分量作用下的非线性阻抗对比能量进行调控,则碳纤维复合材料的雷电损伤面积和损伤深度与雷电流单一分量参数的关系如公式(1)、(2)所示:
公式(1)、(2)中,k
1s、k
2s、k
3s分别为雷电流分量的上升速率、电荷转移量、比能量对碳纤维复合材料雷电损伤面积的影响因子;k
1d、k
2d、k
3d分别为 雷电流分量的上升速率、电荷转移量、比能量对碳纤维复合材料雷电损伤深度的影响因子;Z
R为与雷电流分量的峰值相对应的动态阻抗。
本发明的考虑非线性阻抗特征的碳纤维复合材料雷电损伤评估方法,研究单一雷电流分量作用下,碳纤维复合材料雷电损伤的各种影响因素,获得碳纤维复合材料雷电损伤面积、损伤深度与雷电流分量的峰值、上升速率、转移电荷量、比能量以及碳纤维复合材料的非线性阻抗特性之间的规律,在此基础上,将碳纤维复合材料的非线性阻抗引入到雷电损伤评估模型中,用规定雷电流分量作用下的非线性阻抗对比能量进行调控,建立单一雷电流分量作用下雷电损伤的多因素评估模型,获得碳纤维复合材料雷电损伤面积、损伤深度与多因素的影响因子及其之间的数学表达式,探究碳纤维复合材料的雷电损伤机理,为碳纤维复合材料层合板配方、工艺的研究提供理论依据。
图1是本发明雷电流分量测试回路
图2是本发明雷电流分量作用下碳纤维复合材料动态阻抗特性的测试流程图
图3是本发明被试品碳纤维复合材料的装夹示意图
图4是本发明破坏性雷电流分量作用下碳纤维复合材料的雷电损伤评估的测试流程。
图中:1为可控直流充电电源;2为储能电容单元;3为放电开关;4为波形调整电阻;11为上电极棒;12为上电极端头;13为上绝缘端盖;14为铜块;15为弹簧;16为第一螺栓;17为第一螺母;18为垫片;19为绝缘支撑;110为被试品绝缘底座;111为第二螺栓;112为被试品;113为固定绝缘套;114 为第二螺母。
下面结合附图及实施例对本发明的原理和计算方法作进一步详细说明。
参见图1、本发明中雷电流分量测试回路包括可控直流充电电源1由调压器T1、变压器T2、整流二极管D、充电电阻R
2组成;开关S与电阻R
3组成储能电容安全泄放回路;储能电容单元2(电容量C)、放电开关3、波形调整电感5(电感量L)、波形调整电阻4(电阻值R)、组成雷电流A分量放电回路。
下面以雷电流A分量为例,来说明非线性雷电流A分量回路参数的调整方法,其他雷电流分量回路可以参照此过程进行回路参数的选择。
雷电流A分量的满足以下表达式为:
i(t)=I
0(e
-αt-e
-βt),其中:α=11354s
-1,β=647265s
-1
由此计算得到雷电流A分量的上升时间T
1和半峰值时间T
2分别为:
T
1=3.56μs T
2=69μs
非线性雷电流A分量回路采用RLC电路产生,其回路参数选择按照如下步骤:
依据下面的公式(1):
公式(1)中,C为储能电容单元2电容量,L为波形调整电感4电感量,R为波形调整电阻5电阻值;U
0为储能电容两端的充电电压,T
1为雷电流分量的波前时间,i
m为回路输出电流的峰值,ξ为图2电路的阻尼系数;T
1
*为波前时间 的归一化系数,i
m
*为归一化的峰值系数。
公式(1)所说的3个方程中含有4个未知数,因此,方程(1)有无穷多组解。在假定储能电容容量的条件下,可以按照表1选择参数:
表1:雷电流A分量回路参数的选择
| 序号 | 电容C | 电阻R | 电感L |
| 1 | 100 | 0.9 | 1.4 |
| 2 | 50 | 1.8 | 2.8 |
| 3 | 25 | 3.6 | 4.2 |
| …… | …… | …… | …… |
参见图2,参照发明专利ZL 2015104538855的测量方法,获得碳纤维复合材料雷电流A分量作用下的准动态伏安特性曲线。对得到的碳纤维复合材料非破坏雷击作用下的伏安特性曲线进行数值拟合,获得雷电流A分量作用下碳纤维复合材料动态阻抗与雷电流波形参数之间的数学表达式。
碳纤维复合材料动态阻抗特性的测试流程为:
1)按照表1所示的电路参数建立非破坏性雷电流分量发生回路,其电流幅值可以从几十A、几百A至几千A。
2)预先设置碳纤维复合材料非破坏性动态阻抗特性的初始电流值I
nodes1、终止电流值I
nodesm以及测试电流数据点数m。
3)控制雷电流分量发生电路输出初始电流值,测量和存储流经被试品的雷电流(I
nodes1)及试品两端的电压(U
nodes1)。
4)控制雷电流A分量发生电路输出第二个测试值,并测量和存储流经被试品的雷电流(I
nodes2)及试品两端的电压(U
nodes2)。
5)判断雷电流值是否达到终止电流值?如果电流值未达到终止电流值,则控制雷电流A分量发生电路输出下一个测试值,……,直至测试电流达到终止 电流值,测量和存储流经被试品的雷电流(I
nodesm)及试品两端的电压(U
nodesm)。
6)对获得的碳纤维复合材料非破坏性试验的电流和电压数据(I
nodes1,U
nodes1)、(I
nodes2,U
nodes2)……、(I
nodesm,U
nodesm),进行分析处理,得到碳纤维复合材料动态阻抗与雷电流波形参数之间的数学表达式。
参见图3,被试品碳纤维复合材料的装夹示意图。图中,上电极棒11与雷电流A分量发生回路的高压输出端相连,上电极端头12、上绝缘端盖13、铜块14、弹簧15将被试品夹紧;第二螺栓111用于将被试品绝缘底座110与绝缘支撑19固定在一起;固定绝缘套113将上电极棒11与上绝缘盖板13固定在一起;第二螺母114用于雷电流分量发生回路与被试品之间的电气连接。
参见图4,破坏性雷电流分量作用下碳纤维复合材料的雷电损伤的测试流程如下:
1)固定碳纤维复合材料雷电损伤测试的作用间隙距离,可以在1-10mm之内选定,作用间隙距离至少选定3-5个作用间隙距离点,比如2mm(d
1)、4mm(d
2)、……、10mm(d
m)。
2)设置破坏性雷电流分量作用的电流范围,在100kA或200kA范围内,至少设置5个测试点,可以是20kA(I
des11)、40kA(I
des12)、……、100kA(I
des1n)或20kA(I
des11)、50kA(I
des12)、……、200kA(I
des1n)。
3)控制雷电流单一分量发生电路输出初始电流值I
des1,对被试碳纤维复合材料进行雷电损伤试验,测量和存储流经被试品的雷电流(I
des1)及试品两端的电压(U
des1),并采用C/B扫描成像得到碳纤维复合材料的雷电损伤面积S
des11和损伤深度D
des11。
4)控制雷电流A分量发生电路输出第二个测试值I
des2,对被试碳纤维复合 材料进行雷电损伤试验,测量和存储流经被试品的雷电流(I
des2)及试品两端的电压(U
des2),并采用C/B扫描成像得到碳纤维复合材料的雷电损伤面积S
des12和损伤深度D
des12。
5)判断破坏性雷电流测试值是否达到终止电流值?如果电流值未达到终止电流值,则控制雷电流A分量发生电路输出下一个测试值,……,直至测试电流达到终止电流值,测量和存储流经被试品的雷电流(I
des1n)及试品两端的电压(U
des1n),并采用C/B扫描成像得到碳纤维复合材料的雷电损伤面积S
des1n和损伤深度D
des1n。
6)调整被试碳纤维复合材料雷电流A分量雷电损伤的作用间隙距离至第二个作用间隙距离d
2。
7)重复上述步骤2)至5),就可以获得(S
des21,D
des21)、(S
des22,D
des22)、……、(S
des2n,D
des2n)直至(S
desm1,D
desm1)、(S
desm2,D
desm2)、……、(S
desmn,D
desmn)。
8)对获得的碳纤维复合材料破坏性雷电损伤面积和雷电损伤深度(S
des11,D
des11)、(S
des12,D
des12)、……、(S
des1n,D
des1n)直至(S
desm1,D
desm1)、(S
desm2,D
desm2)、……、(S
desmn,D
desmn)大样本测试数据进行分析处理,建立碳纤维复合材料雷电损伤面积、损伤深度与雷电流A分量的幅值、上升速率、电荷转移量、比能量等参数之间的雷电损伤评估模型,并求解碳纤维雷电损伤多因素的影响因子。
(1)碳纤维复合材料雷电损伤面积、深度与雷电流参数的关系
在作用间隙距离一定的情况下,碳纤维复合材料雷电损伤的影响因素包括:雷电流分量的峰值、上升速率、电荷转移量和比能量,但电流峰值与电荷转移量、比能量直接相关,如果再考虑雷电流分量作用下,碳纤维材料的非线性阻 抗特性,用规定雷电流分量作用下的非线性阻抗对比能量进行调控,则碳纤维复合材料的雷电损伤面积和损伤深度与雷电流A分量参数的关系如公式(1)、(2)所示:
公式(1)、(2)中,k
1s、k
2s、k
3s分别为雷电流分量的上升速率、电荷转移量、比能量对碳纤维复合材料雷电损伤面积的影响因子;k
1d、k
2d、k
3d分别为雷电流分量的上升速率、电荷转移量、比能量对碳纤维复合材料雷电损伤深度的影响因子;Z
R为与雷电流分量的峰值相对应的动态阻抗。
(2)碳纤维复合材料雷电损伤面积、深度多因素的影响因子
从上述公式(1)和(2)可知,两个方程有6个未知数,因此,至少需要4个点的雷电损伤面积、损伤深度的测试数据;如果要验证碳纤维复合材料雷电损伤多因素影响因子的稳定性,测试数据点还应该继续增加,比如测试点不少于5个。
(3)如果要考虑作用间隙距离对碳纤维复合材料雷电损伤的影响作用,在上述公式(1)和(2)的基础上,还要加上作用间隙的影响因素,即上述公式(1)和(2)中两个方程有7个未知数,通过增加测试点的数量,用同样的计算方法,即可以计算出作用间隙距离的影响因子。
最后应该说明的是:以上实施例仅用于说明本发明的技术方案而非对其限制,尽管参照上述实施例对本发明进行了详细说明,所属领域的普通技术人员应当理解:依然可以对本发明的具体实施方式进行修改或者等同替换,而未脱 离本发明精神和范围的任何修改或者等同替换,其均应涵盖在本权利要求范围当中。
Claims (3)
- 考虑非线性阻抗特征的碳纤维复合材料雷电损伤评估方法,其特征在于:将雷电流幅值、上升速率、电荷转移量、比能量以及作用间隙距离作为单一雷电流分量作用下碳纤维复合材料雷电损伤的影响因素,并且考虑碳纤维复合材料的非线性特性,用规定雷电流幅值下碳纤维复合材料的阻抗对比能量进行调控,最终获得雷电流分量的各种影响因素与碳纤维复合材料雷电损伤面积、损伤深度的实验数据,在此基础上,建立碳纤维复合材料雷电损伤面积、损伤深度的多因素评估模型,获得碳纤维复合材料雷电损伤面积、损伤深度的多因素的影响因子,为碳纤维复合材料层合板配方、工艺的研究提供理论依据。
- 根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于具体包括如下步骤:1)固定碳纤维复合材料雷电损伤测试的作用间隙距离,间隙距离在1-10mm之内选定,选定3-5个作用间隙距离点;2)设置破坏性雷电流分量作用的电流范围,在100kA或200kA范围内至少设置5个测试点;3)控制雷电流单一分量发生电路输出初始电流值I des1,对被试碳纤维复合材料进行雷电损伤试验,测量和存储流经被试品的雷电流(I des1)及试品两端的电压(U des1),并采用C/B扫描成像得到碳纤维复合材料的雷电损伤面积S des11和损伤深度D des11;4)控制雷电流单一分量发生电路输出第二个测试值I des2,对被试碳纤维复合材料进行雷电损伤试验,测量和存储流经被试品的雷电流(I des2)及试品两端的电压(U des2),并采用C/B扫描成像得到碳纤维复合材料的雷电损伤面积S des12和损伤深度D des12;5)判断破坏性雷电流测试值是否达到终止电流值?如果电流值未达到终止 电流值,则控制雷电流单一分量发生电路输出下一个测试值,……,直至测试电流达到终止电流值,测量和存储流经被试品的雷电流(I des1n)及试品两端的电压(U des1n),并采用C/B扫描成像得到碳纤维复合材料的雷电损伤面积S des1n和损伤深度D des1n;6)调整被试碳纤维复合材料雷电流分量雷电损伤的作用间隙距离至第二个作用间隙距离d 2;7)重复上述步骤2)至5),获得(S des21,D des21)、(S des22,D des22)、……、(S des2n,D des2n)直至(S desm1,D desm1)、(S desm2,D desm2)、……、(S desmn,D desmn);8)对获得的碳纤维复合材料破坏性雷电损伤面积和雷电损伤深度(S des11,D des11)、(S des12,D des12)、……、(S des1n,D des1n)直至(S desm1,D desm1)、(S desm2,D desm2)、……、(S desmn,D desmn)大样本测试数据进行分析处理,建立碳纤维复合材料雷电损伤面积、损伤深度与雷电流单一分量的幅值、上升速率、电荷转移量、比能量等参数之间的雷电损伤评估模型,并求解碳纤维雷电损伤多因素的影响因子。
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US17/055,577 US12019042B2 (en) | 2018-12-06 | 2019-10-11 | Lightning damage assessment method for carbon fiber reinforced polymer material considering non-linear impedance characteristic |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811488125.8 | 2018-12-06 | ||
| CN201811488125.8A CN109598069B (zh) | 2018-12-06 | 2018-12-06 | 考虑非线性阻抗特征的碳纤维复合材料雷电损伤评估方法 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2020114080A1 true WO2020114080A1 (zh) | 2020-06-11 |
Family
ID=65962195
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/CN2019/110579 Ceased WO2020114080A1 (zh) | 2018-12-06 | 2019-10-11 | 考虑非线性阻抗特征的碳纤维复合材料雷电损伤评估方法 |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US12019042B2 (zh) |
| CN (1) | CN109598069B (zh) |
| WO (1) | WO2020114080A1 (zh) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20210215629A1 (en) * | 2018-12-06 | 2021-07-15 | X1' An Jiaotong University | Lightning damage assessment method for carbon fiber reinforced polymer material considering non-linear impedance characteristic |
| CN117446204A (zh) * | 2023-11-09 | 2024-01-26 | 中国直升机设计研究所 | 一种无人直升机桨叶雷击后强度试验验证方法及系统 |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112329205B (zh) * | 2020-10-12 | 2022-04-29 | 湖北航天技术研究院总体设计所 | 一种复合材料结构低速冲击损伤确定方法及装置 |
| CN113990156B (zh) * | 2021-11-05 | 2022-07-08 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | 双质体间隙非线性动力学实验装置 |
| CN114740268B (zh) * | 2022-04-23 | 2025-07-11 | 武汉智瑞捷电气技术有限公司 | 高精度大通流微阻抗电阻的测试方法及无感电阻模块 |
| CN115017699B (zh) * | 2022-06-02 | 2024-12-03 | 上海大学 | 含分层损伤cfrtp压缩剩余强度的预测方法及应用 |
| CN119190408B (zh) * | 2024-11-29 | 2025-02-28 | 合肥航太电物理技术有限公司 | 一种检测飞机燃油管路引燃源的试验装置 |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103048381A (zh) * | 2013-01-16 | 2013-04-17 | 山东大学 | 一种纤维复合材料抗雷击损伤性能的测试装置和测试方法 |
| US20160347918A1 (en) * | 2015-05-26 | 2016-12-01 | The Boeing Company | Enhancing Z-Conductivity in Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic Composite Layups |
| CN109598069A (zh) * | 2018-12-06 | 2019-04-09 | 西安交通大学 | 考虑非线性阻抗特征的碳纤维复合材料雷电损伤评估方法 |
Family Cites Families (25)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8878698B2 (en) * | 2008-03-20 | 2014-11-04 | The Boeing Company | Lightning strike detection |
| GB0805640D0 (en) * | 2008-03-28 | 2008-04-30 | Hexcel Composites Ltd | Improved composite materials |
| CN103018645B (zh) * | 2013-01-16 | 2015-02-25 | 山东大学 | 一种碳纤维复合材料的人工雷击损伤测试装置和测试方法 |
| CN203037807U (zh) * | 2013-01-16 | 2013-07-03 | 山东大学 | 一种碳纤维复合材料的抗人工雷击损伤性能的测试装置 |
| CN203037808U (zh) * | 2013-01-16 | 2013-07-03 | 山东大学 | 一种碳纤维复合材料的人工雷击损伤测试装置 |
| US20150185128A1 (en) * | 2013-12-26 | 2015-07-02 | The Boeing Company | Detection and Assessment of Damage to Composite Structure |
| CN105021688B (zh) * | 2015-07-28 | 2017-10-20 | 西安交通大学 | 碳纤维复合材料层合板小电流伏安特性的三电极测量方法及测量装置 |
| CN105158572B (zh) * | 2015-07-28 | 2018-02-27 | 西安交通大学 | 碳纤维复合材料非破坏性雷电流作用下阻抗特性测量方法及测量装置 |
| CN105021927B (zh) * | 2015-07-28 | 2018-04-17 | 西安交通大学 | 碳纤维复合材料层合板小电流伏安特性的测量方法及测量装置 |
| CN105300583B (zh) * | 2015-09-11 | 2017-10-20 | 西安交通大学 | 一种碳纤维复合材料的冲击力测量装置及方法 |
| ES2783623T3 (es) * | 2016-07-18 | 2020-09-17 | Airbus Operations Sl | Método y dispositivo para la inspección del daño en el revestimiento de un avión después del impacto de un rayo |
| US10317353B2 (en) * | 2017-03-20 | 2019-06-11 | The Boeing Company | Method and system for non-destructive testing |
| EP3652434A1 (en) * | 2017-07-11 | 2020-05-20 | Polytech A/S | Lightning detection and measurement system and method for location detection of lightning strikes on a wind turbine blade |
| CN109783847B (zh) * | 2018-12-06 | 2020-12-29 | 西安交通大学 | 多重连续雷电流分量作用下碳纤维复合材料损伤多影响因素的评估方法 |
| CN109765268B (zh) * | 2018-12-06 | 2020-12-15 | 西安交通大学 | 单一雷电流分量作用下碳纤维复合材料雷电损伤多因素评估方法 |
| CN109783848B (zh) * | 2018-12-06 | 2022-04-05 | 西安交通大学 | 单一缓上升雷电流分量作用下碳纤维复合材料损伤计算方法 |
| CN109492330B (zh) * | 2018-12-06 | 2022-04-05 | 西安交通大学 | 单一雷电流分量作用下碳纤维复合材料损伤仿真计算方法 |
| CN109738489B (zh) * | 2018-12-06 | 2023-12-29 | 西安交通大学 | 多重连续雷电流分量作用下碳纤维复合材料损伤计算方法 |
| CN109783849B (zh) * | 2018-12-06 | 2021-11-23 | 西安交通大学 | 单一快上升雷电流分量作用下碳纤维复合材料损伤计算方法 |
| CN109781786B (zh) * | 2018-12-06 | 2020-08-21 | 西安交通大学 | 考虑碳纤维复合材料非线性阻抗的多重连续雷电流分量作用下雷电损伤的多因素评估方法 |
| CN111609957B (zh) * | 2020-05-22 | 2021-04-23 | 西安交通大学 | 雷击对碳纤维层合板冲击力和响应时间的测量装置及方法 |
| CN111609958B (zh) * | 2020-05-22 | 2021-04-27 | 西安交通大学 | 碳纤维层合板雷击冲击力和雷电断裂损伤测量装置和方法 |
| CN111716835A (zh) * | 2020-06-19 | 2020-09-29 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | 一种雷电防护复合材料及其制备方法 |
| CN115358038A (zh) * | 2022-01-21 | 2022-11-18 | 郑州航空工业管理学院 | 一种多重雷击作用下碳纤维复合材料损伤状态评估方法 |
| CN217212840U (zh) * | 2022-04-08 | 2022-08-16 | 西安交通大学 | 一种测试雷击表面防护层效果的雷击夹具 |
-
2018
- 2018-12-06 CN CN201811488125.8A patent/CN109598069B/zh active Active
-
2019
- 2019-10-11 WO PCT/CN2019/110579 patent/WO2020114080A1/zh not_active Ceased
- 2019-10-11 US US17/055,577 patent/US12019042B2/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103048381A (zh) * | 2013-01-16 | 2013-04-17 | 山东大学 | 一种纤维复合材料抗雷击损伤性能的测试装置和测试方法 |
| US20160347918A1 (en) * | 2015-05-26 | 2016-12-01 | The Boeing Company | Enhancing Z-Conductivity in Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic Composite Layups |
| CN109598069A (zh) * | 2018-12-06 | 2019-04-09 | 西安交通大学 | 考虑非线性阻抗特征的碳纤维复合材料雷电损伤评估方法 |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| XIAOLIANG SI ET AL: "Lightning Damage Prediction of Carbon Fiber Composite Materials", HIGH VOLTAGE ENGINEERING, vol. 43, no. 5, 31 May 2017 (2017-05-31), pages 1453 - 1459, XP009521627, ISSN: 1003-6520 * |
| XUELING YAO ET AL: "Damage Simulation and Experiment of Carbon Fiber Composites Subjected to Lightning Current", HIGH VOLTAGE ENGINEERING, vol. 43, no. 5, 31 May 2017 (2017-05-31), pages 1400 - 1408, XP055713428, ISSN: 1003-6520, DOI: 10.13336/j.1003-6520.hve.20170428002 * |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20210215629A1 (en) * | 2018-12-06 | 2021-07-15 | X1' An Jiaotong University | Lightning damage assessment method for carbon fiber reinforced polymer material considering non-linear impedance characteristic |
| US12019042B2 (en) * | 2018-12-06 | 2024-06-25 | Xi'an Jiaotong University | Lightning damage assessment method for carbon fiber reinforced polymer material considering non-linear impedance characteristic |
| CN117446204A (zh) * | 2023-11-09 | 2024-01-26 | 中国直升机设计研究所 | 一种无人直升机桨叶雷击后强度试验验证方法及系统 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN109598069B (zh) | 2022-12-13 |
| US20210215629A1 (en) | 2021-07-15 |
| US12019042B2 (en) | 2024-06-25 |
| CN109598069A (zh) | 2019-04-09 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| WO2020114080A1 (zh) | 考虑非线性阻抗特征的碳纤维复合材料雷电损伤评估方法 | |
| WO2020114082A1 (zh) | 多重连续雷电流分量作用下碳纤维复合材料损伤计算方法 | |
| CN109783849B (zh) | 单一快上升雷电流分量作用下碳纤维复合材料损伤计算方法 | |
| CN105158572B (zh) | 碳纤维复合材料非破坏性雷电流作用下阻抗特性测量方法及测量装置 | |
| Wang et al. | Ablation damage assessment of aircraft carbon fiber/epoxy composite and its protection structures suffered from lightning strike | |
| CN109492330B (zh) | 单一雷电流分量作用下碳纤维复合材料损伤仿真计算方法 | |
| Dong et al. | Influencing factor analysis based on electrical–thermal-pyrolytic simulation of carbon fiber composites lightning damage | |
| Zhao et al. | Investigation of thickness effect on electric breakdown strength of polymers under nanosecond pulses | |
| CN103018645B (zh) | 一种碳纤维复合材料的人工雷击损伤测试装置和测试方法 | |
| CN109765268B (zh) | 单一雷电流分量作用下碳纤维复合材料雷电损伤多因素评估方法 | |
| CN105300583A (zh) | 一种碳纤维复合材料的冲击力测量装置及方法 | |
| CN103048381A (zh) | 一种纤维复合材料抗雷击损伤性能的测试装置和测试方法 | |
| Gharghabi et al. | Development of an experimental setup to analyze carbon/epoxy composite subjected to current impulses | |
| CN109783847B (zh) | 多重连续雷电流分量作用下碳纤维复合材料损伤多影响因素的评估方法 | |
| CN203037807U (zh) | 一种碳纤维复合材料的抗人工雷击损伤性能的测试装置 | |
| CN109783848B (zh) | 单一缓上升雷电流分量作用下碳纤维复合材料损伤计算方法 | |
| CN109781786B (zh) | 考虑碳纤维复合材料非线性阻抗的多重连续雷电流分量作用下雷电损伤的多因素评估方法 | |
| CN119716256A (zh) | 基于六电极法的雷电流下纤维增强复合材料电导率测量系统及方法 | |
| Fu et al. | Investigation on temperature behavior of CFRP during lightning strike using experiment and simulation | |
| CN105021688B (zh) | 碳纤维复合材料层合板小电流伏安特性的三电极测量方法及测量装置 | |
| Gharghabi et al. | Development of an experimental setup to study carbon/epoxy composite subjected to simulated lightning current | |
| CN105021927B (zh) | 碳纤维复合材料层合板小电流伏安特性的测量方法及测量装置 | |
| CN105093015A (zh) | 碳纤维复合材料层合板直流小电流伏安特性两电极测量方法及装置 | |
| Zhu et al. | Impact of epoxy composites on the thermal dissipation performance of inductance coils during continuous discharge: Simulation and experimental | |
| Gharghabi et al. | Investigating the Composite/Metal Interface and its Influence on the Electrical Resistance Measurement |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
| 32PN | Ep: public notification in the ep bulletin as address of the adressee cannot be established |
Free format text: NOTING OF LOSS OF RIGHTS PURSUANT TO RULE 112(1) EPC (EPO FORM 1205A DATED 17/01/2022) |
|
| 122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase |
Ref document number: 19893320 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |






