WO2020113413A1 - 一种电池组绝缘检测方法、系统、电子装置及存储介质 - Google Patents

一种电池组绝缘检测方法、系统、电子装置及存储介质 Download PDF

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WO2020113413A1
WO2020113413A1 PCT/CN2018/119133 CN2018119133W WO2020113413A1 WO 2020113413 A1 WO2020113413 A1 WO 2020113413A1 CN 2018119133 W CN2018119133 W CN 2018119133W WO 2020113413 A1 WO2020113413 A1 WO 2020113413A1
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Prior art keywords
resistance
insulation
battery pack
insulation resistance
detection
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French (fr)
Inventor
张艳辉
冯伟
张晨宁
冯亚春
尹铎
刘笑
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Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology of CAS
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Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology of CAS
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/389Measuring internal impedance, internal conductance or related variables

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  • the invention relates to the technical field of battery pack insulation detection, in particular to a battery pack insulation detection method, system, electronic device and storage medium.
  • hybrid electric vehicles and electric vehicles are gradually occupying the domestic automotive market, and the power source of hybrid electric vehicles and electric vehicles is the on-board battery system.
  • the voltage of the on-board battery system is as high as 200V to 600V, and the current will reach several hundred amperes.
  • the battery pack of the onboard battery system will generate leakage current when it starts or works.
  • the safe voltage that the human body can withstand depends on the current allowed by the human body and the resistance of the human body, in the case of an electric shock protection device, the human body allows The passing current is 30mA, and the withstand voltage is about 60V. When the DC voltage exceeds 60V, it will cause electric shock damage to the human body. Therefore, the on-board battery systems in hybrid vehicles and electric locomotives have insulation designs. If the leakage current is controlled within a safe range, it is necessary to strictly check the insulation value of the above insulation design to ensure the normal operation of electrical equipment, safe operation of vehicles and personal safety of passengers.
  • the balanced bridge method has high requirements for the accuracy of the circuit construction, and it cannot be accurately detected when the insulation performance of the positive and negative electrodes is reduced simultaneously;
  • the unbalanced bridge method uses circuit voltage In principle, by measuring the voltage of the voltage divider resistance, the insulation resistance value is obtained by listing the equations. However, during the operation of the vehicle, the voltage at both ends of the battery pack changes greatly, which affects the calculation accuracy. In the insulation resistance measurement process, there are The stronger signal disturbance has a greater impact on the calculation results, and it is not suitable for the frequent start and stop of electric vehicles in urban traffic congestion.
  • the detection method in the prior art cannot increase the accuracy of detection on the basis of reducing costs, resulting in inaccurate detection results or higher detection costs.
  • a first aspect of the present invention provides a battery pack insulation detection method, including: establishing an insulation impedance detection model between a battery pack and a vehicle chassis; detecting the insulation resistance set by the battery pack, and obtaining the insulation performance of the insulation resistance; Simplify the detection model according to the insulation performance, and derive a battery insulation insulation resistance model that takes into account multiple parameters such as battery temperature; calculate an insulation resistance estimate of the insulation resistance based on the detection model and the detection resistance model value.
  • the invention is established by establishing and simplifying the internal resistance model of insulation detection, not only can the insulation performance of the insulation resistance outside the battery pack be obtained, but also the internal resistance of the battery pack can be added to the calculation as an influencing factor, thereby improving the detection accuracy, and the invention is established by establishing The model can fully simulate the current change caused by various reasons such as transient voltage change and linear change of the battery pack without additional hardware, thereby reducing the cost of detection.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural block diagram of a battery pack insulation detection method according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of an insulation resistance detection model between a battery pack and a chassis of an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is an internal resistance model of battery pack insulation detection according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic block diagram of a structure of a battery pack insulation detection system according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic block diagram of a structure of a detection model building module of a battery pack insulation detection system according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic block diagram of a structure of an insulation resistance calculation module of a battery pack insulation detection system according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic block diagram of a structure of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • a first aspect of the present invention provides a battery pack insulation detection method, including: establishing an insulation impedance detection model between a battery pack and a vehicle chassis; detecting the insulation resistance set by the battery pack, and obtaining the insulation performance of the insulation resistance; Simplify the detection model according to the insulation performance, and derive a battery insulation insulation resistance model that takes into account multiple parameters such as battery temperature; calculate an insulation resistance estimate of the insulation resistance based on the detection model and the detection resistance model value.
  • the method further includes: establishing an insulation resistance detection model between the battery pack and the vehicle chassis; the establishing an insulation resistance detection model between the battery pack and the vehicle chassis includes : At least two power supplies connected in series are formed to form a battery pack; a first resistor is provided between the electrodes of the power supplies coupled to each other, and the adjacent first resistors are connected in parallel to form a resistor set, and the power of the battery pack A second resistor connected in series with the resistance group is provided between the stages; a reference resistance for connecting the two stages of the battery group is provided on the two stages of the battery group; a method is provided between the resistance group and the reference resistance A wave generator; a precision sampling resistor is provided between the square wave generator and the reference resistor; the insulation resistance to the battery pack, the voltage of the power supply, the internal resistance of the power supply, the insulation resistance, The reference resistor, the output voltage of the square wave generator, and the precision resistor assignment.
  • calculating the estimated value of the insulation resistance of the resistor includes: according to Kirchhoff's current law, solving the first current at the coupling of the negative pole of the battery pack and the insulation resistance close to the negative pole of the battery pack; Hu's current law solves the second current at the junction of the precision resistance and the reference resistance; calculates the estimated value of the insulation resistance according to the insulation resistance of the battery pack, the first current, and the second current.
  • the detection method further includes: insulation resistance of the battery pack, voltage of the power supply, internal resistance of the power supply, insulation resistance, the reference resistance, and output of the square wave generator
  • the voltage and the precision resistance are assigned at least twice, and the insulation resistance estimate value for each assignment is calculated, and the insulation resistance estimate value calculated for each assignment is used as a binary data set; Credibility definition; according to the credibility definition and the binary data set, calculate the most reliable insulation impedance estimate, and use the highest credibility insulation impedance estimate to verify the
  • the detection internal resistance model calculates the estimated value of the insulation resistance of the resistance.
  • a second aspect of the present invention provides a battery pack insulation detection system, including: a detection module for detecting the insulation resistance set by the battery pack and obtaining the insulation performance of the insulation resistance; an internal resistance model building module for The insulation performance simplifies the insulation resistance detection model between the battery pack and the vehicle chassis, and draws a battery pack insulation resistance internal resistance model that takes into account multiple parameters such as battery temperature; an insulation resistance calculation module is used to calculate the insulation resistance according to the detection model and the detection The internal resistance model calculates the estimated value of the insulation resistance of the insulation resistance.
  • the system further includes: a detection model building module for establishing an insulation resistance detection model between the battery pack and the vehicle chassis before the detection module detects the insulation resistance set by the battery pack;
  • the detection model building module includes : A battery unit for forming a battery using at least two power supplies connected in series; a resistance setting unit for setting a first resistance between electrodes of the power supply coupled to each other A resistor is connected in parallel to form a resistor group, and a second resistor connected in series with the resistor group is provided between the electric levels of the battery group; a reference resistor unit is used to set the two stages of the battery group to connect the two battery groups.
  • Level reference resistor square wave generator unit for setting a square wave generator between the resistance group and the reference resistor; sampling resistance setting unit for setting the square wave generator and the reference resistor A precision sampling resistor is set between; an assignment unit is used for the insulation resistance of the battery pack, the voltage of the power supply, the internal resistance of the power supply, the insulation resistance, the reference resistance, the square wave generator Output voltage and the precision resistor assignment.
  • the insulation impedance calculation module includes: a first current calculation unit for solving the first current at the coupling point of the insulation resistance of the negative electrode of the battery pack and the negative electrode of the battery pack according to Kirchhoff's current law ; A second current calculation unit for solving the second current at the coupling point of the precision resistor and the reference resistor according to Kirchhoff’s current law; an estimated value calculation unit for calculating the insulation resistance of the battery pack according to the The first current and the second current calculate the estimated value of the insulation resistance.
  • the system further includes: a repeated assignment module for insulating resistance of the battery pack, voltage of the power supply, internal resistance of the power supply, the insulation resistance, the reference resistance, the square
  • the output voltage of the wave generator and the precision resistance are assigned at least twice, and the insulation resistance estimate value for each assignment is calculated, and the insulation resistance estimate value calculated for each assignment is used as a binary data set; reliability A definition module, used to define the reliability of the estimated value of the insulation impedance; an estimated value verification module, used to calculate the estimated value of the insulation impedance with the highest reliability according to the definition of the reliability and the binary data set, The insulation resistance estimated value with the highest reliability is used to verify that the insulation resistance estimated value of the resistance is calculated according to the detection model and the detected internal resistance model.
  • a third aspect of the present invention provides an electronic device, including: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor.
  • the processor executes the computer program, the foregoing Any one of the methods.
  • a fourth aspect of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored, characterized in that when the computer program is executed by a processor, any one of the methods described above is implemented.
  • FIG. 1 for a battery pack insulation detection method, including: S1, detecting the insulation resistance set by the battery pack, and obtaining the insulation performance of the insulation resistance; S2, simplifying the insulation resistance between the battery pack and the vehicle chassis according to the insulation performance Test the model, and get the insulation resistance model of the battery pack insulation considering the multi-parameters of the battery temperature; S3. Calculate the insulation resistance estimation value of the insulation resistance according to the detection model and the detection resistance model.
  • the detection method further includes: establishing an insulation impedance detection model between the battery pack and the vehicle chassis; establishing an insulation impedance detection model between the battery pack and the vehicle chassis includes: Establish an insulation resistance detection model between the battery pack and the chassis of the vehicle, and in this embodiment, only one detection model needs to be established, with r i representing the internal resistance of the battery in the battery pack, and E i representing the internal resistance of the battery pack
  • R i represents the first resistance, that is, the insulation resistance of each battery in the battery pack relative to the chassis of the vehicle, where, in r i and E i , i is a non-zero positive integer and the maximum value of i Is the number of batteries in the battery pack; in R i , i is a non-zero positive integer, and the maximum value of i is the number of batteries in the battery pack minus one; I is the bus current of the battery pack; R i and E i , i is a non-zero positive integer, and the maximum value of i is the
  • Establishing the detection model includes: setting at least two series connected The power supply forms a battery pack; a first resistor is provided between the electrodes where the power supplies are coupled to each other, and the adjacent first resistors are connected in parallel to form a resistor set, and a second in series with the resistor set is provided between the electric levels of the battery pack Resistance; set the reference resistance for connecting the two levels of the battery pack on the two levels of the battery pack; set the square wave generator between the resistance set and the reference resistor; set the precision sampling resistance between the square wave generator and the reference resistance; Assign the insulation resistance of the battery pack, the voltage of the power supply, the internal resistance of the power supply, the insulation resistance, the reference resistance, the output voltage of the square wave generator and the precision resistance.
  • Calculating the estimated value of the insulation resistance of the insulation resistance includes: solving the first current at the junction of the battery pack negative pole and the insulation resistance close to the battery pack negative pole according to Kirchhoff’s current law; solving the precision resistance and reference according to Kirchhoff’s current law The second current where the resistors are coupled; calculate the insulation resistance estimate based on the insulation resistance of the battery pack, the first current, and the second current
  • the coupling point between the negative electrode of the battery pack and the insulation resistance near the negative electrode of the battery pack is marked as A, and the voltage at A is set to V A ; the coupling place of the precision resistance and the reference resistance is marked as B; then using Kirchhoff's current law at B can get formula (2), which is as follows: Applying Kirchhoff's current law to point B can obtain formula (3), which is expressed as follows: Formula (4) can be derived from formula (1), formula (2) and formula (3), and formula (4) is expressed as follows:
  • ⁇ V f (k, k+m) V f (k)-V f (k+m)
  • ⁇ V s (k, k+m) V s (k)-V s (k+m).
  • the detection method also includes: at least two assignments to the insulation resistance of the battery pack, the voltage of the power supply, the internal resistance of the power supply, the insulation resistance, the reference resistance, the output voltage of the square wave generator and the precision resistance, and calculate the insulation resistance of each assignment Estimated value, and use the estimated value of insulation resistance calculated in each assignment as a binary data set; define the reliability of the estimated value of insulation resistance; calculate the insulation resistance with the highest reliability according to the definition of reliability and the binary data set Estimated value, and verify the insulation resistance estimated value of the calculated resistance according to the detection model and the detected internal resistance model with the highest reliability insulation resistance estimation value.
  • the definition of the reliability of the estimated value of the insulation impedance includes: determining the error of the estimated value of the insulation impedance during the design of the battery pack; determining the principle of division of the confidence interval and the method of dividing the confidence interval; setting the voltage of the square wave generator, and Record the stable detection voltage value, and save the detection data set; divide the confidence interval according to the division of the confidence interval and calculate the reliability of the insulation impedance corresponding to the data in the binary data set; according to the highest insulation Impedance credibility calculates the estimated value of the insulation resistance of the battery pack.
  • R sys /R p ⁇ 1 Insulation impedance estimation error during battery system design and production satisfies ⁇ R sys /R sys ⁇ , then R sys /R p ⁇ 1 can be derived from formula (6), which is expressed as follows:
  • the division principle of the confidence interval includes: covering more than half of the measured binary data set; satisfying the reliability of the binary data set that determines the error of the estimated value of the insulation resistance when designing the battery pack The degree is 1; the calculation process is simple.
  • the confidence interval is divided as follows: define formula (7), and formula (7) is expressed as follows: Then the formula (8) of the division method can be obtained.
  • the formula (8) is expressed as follows:
  • a 1 (k,m) ⁇ V TH(k,m) ;
  • N set the output voltage of the k-th step of the square wave generator to (-1) k V fm ; define the insulation resistance of the K-1 step as R sys(k-1) , and store the first 2M steps
  • the measured data, the reliability of the insulation impedance calculated by the data set composed of the k-th step and the k-1, k-3,..., k-2M+1 step measurement data are ⁇ 0 , ⁇ 1 ,... , ⁇ M-1 , ⁇ i ⁇ (a 0 , a 1 , ..., a N-1 ), where the maximum confidence is defined as ⁇ max (k), then the estimated insulation resistance corresponding to the maximum confidence for Then, the estimated value of the insulation resistance in step k is defined as formula (9), which is expressed as follows: From the above analysis, it can be seen that the selected ⁇ , R s , R r and T can achieve the reliability algorithm of insulation resistance detection.
  • a battery pack insulation detection system includes: a detection module for detecting the insulation resistance set by the battery pack and obtaining the insulation performance of the insulation resistance.
  • the internal resistance model building module is used to simplify the insulation resistance detection model between the battery pack and the chassis according to the insulation performance, and to obtain the battery pack insulation detection internal resistance considering multiple parameters such as battery temperature Model; Insulation resistance calculation module, used to calculate the insulation resistance estimated value of insulation resistance according to the detection model and the detection internal resistance model.
  • the battery pack insulation detection system further includes: a detection model building module, which is used to establish an insulation resistance detection model between the battery pack and the vehicle chassis before the detection module detects the insulation resistance set by the battery pack;
  • the building module includes: a battery pack unit for forming a battery pack using at least two power supplies connected in series; a resistance setting unit for setting a first resistance between electrodes of which the power supplies are coupled to each other and making the adjacent first The resistors are connected in parallel to form a resistor group, and a second resistor connected in series with the resistor group is provided between the levels of the battery pack.
  • two second resistors are provided, and the resistor group is located between the two second resistors ;
  • Reference resistance unit used to set the reference resistance used to connect the two levels of the battery pack at two levels of the battery pack; square wave generator unit, used to set the square wave generator between the resistance set and the reference resistor; sampling resistance The setting unit is used to set a precision sampling resistor between the square wave generator and the reference resistance;
  • the assignment unit is used to insulate the battery pack's insulation resistance, power supply voltage, power supply's internal resistance, insulation resistance, reference resistance, and square wave The output voltage and precision resistance of the device are assigned.
  • the insulation resistance detection model between the battery pack and the chassis is simplified by combining the internal resistance of the power supply and the residual power supply, and merging the first resistance into the second resistance.
  • the insulation impedance calculation module includes: a first current calculation unit for solving the first current at the coupling point of the insulation resistance of the battery pack negative electrode and the battery pack negative electrode according to Kirchhoff’s current law; the second current The calculation unit is used to solve the second current at the junction of the precision resistance and the reference resistance according to Kirchhoff's current law; the estimated value calculation unit is used to calculate the insulation based on the insulation resistance, the first current and the second current of the battery pack Estimated impedance.
  • the system also includes: a repeated assignment module, which is used to assign at least twice the insulation resistance of the battery pack, the voltage of the power supply, the internal resistance of the power supply, the insulation resistance, the reference resistance, the output voltage of the square wave generator and the precision resistance, and calculate each Estimated insulation impedance value of the second assignment, and use the estimated insulation impedance value calculated for each assignment as a binary data set; a reliability definition module for defining the reliability of the estimated insulation resistance value; an estimated value verification module, It is used to calculate the estimated insulation resistance value with the highest reliability according to the definition of reliability and the binary data set, and to verify the estimated insulation resistance value of the resistance calculated according to the detection model and the detection internal resistance model with the insulation reliability estimated value with the highest reliability.
  • a repeated assignment module which is used to assign at least twice the insulation resistance of the battery pack, the voltage of the power supply, the internal resistance of the power supply, the insulation resistance, the reference resistance, the output voltage of the square wave generator and the precision resistance, and calculate each Estimated insulation impedance value of the
  • the credibility definition module includes: an error estimation unit for determining the error of the insulation impedance estimation value during battery design; an interval division unit for determining the division principle of the confidence interval and the division method of the confidence interval; voltage setting The unit is used to set the voltage of the square wave generator, and record the stabilized detection voltage value, and save the detection data set; the insulation impedance credibility unit is used to divide the credibility interval according to the division of the credibility interval and Calculate the insulation impedance credibility corresponding to the data in the binary data set; the insulation impedance estimation value verification unit is used to calculate the insulation impedance estimation value of the battery pack according to the highest insulation impedance reliability.
  • An embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device. Please refer to 7.
  • the electronic device includes: a memory 601, a processor 602, and a computer program stored on the memory 601 and executable on the processor 602.
  • the processor 602 executes the computer program At this time, the battery pack insulation detection method described in the foregoing embodiments is implemented.
  • the electronic device further includes: at least one input device 603 and at least one output device 604.
  • the aforementioned memory 601, processor 602, input device 603, and output device 604 are connected via a bus 605.
  • the input device 603 may specifically be a camera, a touch panel, a physical button, a mouse, or the like.
  • the output device 604 may specifically be a display screen.
  • the memory 601 may be a high-speed random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory) memory, or may be a non-volatile memory (non-volatile memory), such as a disk memory.
  • RAM Random Access Memory
  • non-volatile memory non-volatile memory
  • the memory 601 is used to store a set of executable program codes, and the processor 602 is coupled to the memory 601.
  • an embodiment of the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium.
  • the computer-readable storage medium may be provided in the electronic device in each of the foregoing embodiments, and the computer-readable storage medium may be as shown in FIG. 7 described above.
  • the memory 601 in the embodiment is shown.
  • a computer program is stored on the computer-readable storage medium, and when the program is executed by the processor 602, the battery pack insulation detection method described in the foregoing method embodiments is implemented.
  • the computer storable medium may also be various media that can store program codes, such as a U disk, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory 601 (ROM, Read-Only Memory), RAM, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.
  • program codes such as a U disk, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory 601 (ROM, Read-Only Memory), RAM, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

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Abstract

一种电池组绝缘检测方法、系统、电子装置及存储介质,用于检测电池组的绝缘阻抗,解决了现有技术对绝缘阻抗的检测不精确或检测成本过高的问题,其包括:检测电池组设置的绝缘电阻,并得出所述绝缘电阻的绝缘性能(S1);根据所述绝缘性能简化电池组与车底盘间的绝缘阻抗检测模型,并得出考虑电池温度等多参数的电池组绝缘检测内阻模型(S2);根据所述检测模型及所述检测内阻模型计算所述绝缘电阻的绝缘阻抗估计值(S3);从而提高了检测精度,并且不需要额外增加硬件的情况下能够充分地模拟电池组的电压瞬时变化、线性变化等各种原因造成的电流改变的情况,降低了检测的成本。

Description

一种电池组绝缘检测方法、系统、电子装置及存储介质 技术领域
本发明涉及电池组绝缘检测技术领域,尤其涉及一种电池组绝缘检测方法、系统、电子装置及存储介质。
背景技术
目前,混合动力汽车及电动汽车正在逐步占领国内的汽车市场,而混合动力汽车及电动汽车的动力源是车载电池系统,车载电池系统的电压高达200V~600V,电流也会达到几百安培。车载电池系统的电池组在启动或工作时,会产生泄露电流,虽然人体能承受的安全电压的大小取决于人体允许通过的电流和人体的电阻,但是在有触电保护装置的情况下,人体允许通过的电流为30mA,能够承受的电压大约为60V,当直流电压超过60V时就会对人体造成电击伤害,因此,混合动力汽车及电动机车中的车载电池系统均具有绝缘设计,而想要将泄露电流控制在安全范围内,则需要严格检测上述绝缘设计的绝缘值,保证电器设备的正常工作、车辆安全运行及乘客人身安全。
技术问题
由于检测上述绝缘设计的绝缘值具有重大意义,在现有技术中出现了多种检测方法,例如:平衡电桥法、非平衡电桥法、霍尔差流检测法、高压信号注入法及低压低频信号注入法等;上述的检测方法的缺陷在于:平衡电桥法对构建电路的精确度要求较高,在正负极绝缘性能同时降低时无法准确检测;非平衡电桥法利用电路分压原理,通过测量分压电阻的电压,列方程组求绝缘电阻值,然而在车辆工作过程中,电池组两端电压有较大变化,从而影响了计算精度,且在绝缘电阻测量过程中,有较强的信号扰动,因此对计算结果有较大的影响, 不适用于电动汽车在城市交通拥堵情况下的频繁的启停。
因此,现有技术中的检测方法不能在降低成本的基础上增加检测的精确度,导致检测结果不精确,或者检测成本较高。
技术解决方案
本发明第一方面提供一种电池组绝缘检测方法,包括:建立电池组与车底盘间的绝缘阻抗检测模型;检测所述电池组设置的绝缘电阻,并得出所述绝缘电阻的绝缘性能;根据所述绝缘性能简化所述检测模型,并得出考虑电池温度等多参数的电池组绝缘检测内阻模型;根据所述检测模型及所述检测内阻模型计算所述绝缘电阻的绝缘阻抗估计值。
有益效果
通过建立及简化绝缘检测内阻模型,不仅能够得出电池组外的绝缘电阻的绝缘性能,而且能够将电池组的内阻作为影响因素加入计算中,从而提高了检测精度,并且本发明通过建立的模型,在不需要额外增加硬件的情况下能够充分地模拟电池组的电压瞬时变化、线性变化等各种原因造成的电流改变的情况,从而降低了检测的成本。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例的电池组绝缘检测方法的结构示意框图;
图2为本发明实施例的电池组与车底盘间的绝缘阻抗检测模型的电路图;
图3为本发明实施例的电池组绝缘检测内阻模型;
图4为本发明实施例的电池组绝缘检测系统的结构示意框图;
图5为本发明实施例的电池组绝缘检测系统的检测模型建立模块的结构示意框图;
图6为本发明实施例的电池组绝缘检测系统的绝缘阻抗计算模块的结构示意框图;
图7为本发明实施例的电子装置的结构示意框图。
本发明的最佳实施方式
本发明第一方面提供一种电池组绝缘检测方法,包括:建立电池组与车底盘间的绝缘阻抗检测模型;检测所述电池组设置的绝缘电阻,并得出所述绝缘电阻的绝缘性能;根据所述绝缘性能简化所述检测模型,并得出考虑电池温度等多参数的电池组绝缘检测内阻模型;根据所述检测模型及所述检测内阻模型计算所述绝缘电阻的绝缘阻抗估计值。
进一步地,所述检测电池组设置的绝缘电阻之前,所述方法还包括:建立所述电池组与车底盘间的绝缘阻抗检测模型;所述建立电池组与车底盘间的绝缘阻抗检测模型包括:设置至少两个串联的电源,形成电池组;在所述电源相互耦接的电极之间设置第一电阻,并使相邻的所述第一电阻并联形成电阻组,且在电池组的电级之间设置与所述电阻组串联的第二电阻;在电池组的两级上设置用于连通所述电池组两级的参考电阻;在所述电阻组及所述参考电阻之间设置方波发生器;在所述方波发生器及所述参考电阻之间设置精密采样电阻;对所述电池组的绝缘阻抗、所述电源的电压、所述电源的内阻、所述绝缘电阻、所述参考电阻、所述方波发生器的输出电压及所述精密电阻赋值。
进一步地,计算所述电阻的绝缘阻抗估计值包括:根据基尔霍夫电流定律求解所述电池组负极及靠近所述电池组负极的绝缘电阻相耦接处的第一电流;根据基尔霍夫电流定律求解所述精密电阻及参考电阻相耦接处的第二电流;根据所述电池组的绝缘阻抗、所述第一电 流及第二电流计算绝缘阻抗估计值。
进一步地,所述检测方法还包括:对所述电池组的绝缘阻抗、所述电源的电压、所述电源的内阻、所述绝缘电阻、所述参考电阻、所述方波发生器的输出电压及所述精密电阻至少两次赋值,并计算每次赋值的绝缘阻抗估计值,且将每次赋值计算出的所述绝缘阻抗估计值作为二元数据集;对所述绝缘阻抗估计值进行可信度定义;根据所述可信度定义及所述二元数据集计算可信度最高的绝缘阻抗估计值,并用可信度最高的绝缘阻抗估计值验证所述根据所述检测模型及所述检测内阻模型计算所述电阻的绝缘阻抗估计值。
本发明第二方面提供一种电池组绝缘检测系统,包括:检测模块,用于检测电池组设置的绝缘电阻,并得出所述绝缘电阻的绝缘性能;内阻模型建立模块,用于根据所述绝缘性能简化电池组与车底盘间的绝缘阻抗检测模型,并得出考虑电池温度等多参数的电池组绝缘检测内阻模型;绝缘阻抗计算模块,用于根据所述检测模型及所述检测内阻模型计算所述绝缘电阻的绝缘阻抗估计值。
进一步地,所述系统还包括:检测模型建立模块,用于在检测模块检测电池组设置的绝缘电阻之前,建立所述电池组与车底盘间的绝缘阻抗检测模型;所述检测模型建立模块包括:电池组单元,用于使用至少两个串联的电源,形成电池组;电阻设置单元,用于在在所述电源相互耦接的电极之间设置第一电阻,并使相邻的所述第一电阻并联形成电阻组,且在电池组的电级之间设置与所述电阻组串联的第二电阻;参考电阻单元,用于在电池组的两级上设置用于连通所述电池组两级的参考电阻;方波发生器单元,用于在所述电阻组及所述参考电阻之间设置方波发生器;采样电阻设置单元,用于在所述方波发生 器及所述参考电阻之间设置精密采样电阻;赋值单元,用于对所述电池组的绝缘阻抗、所述电源的电压、所述电源的内阻、所述绝缘电阻、所述参考电阻、所述方波发生器的输出电压及所述精密电阻赋值。
进一步地,所述绝缘阻抗计算模块包括:第一电流计算单元,用于根据基尔霍夫电流定律求解所述电池组负极及靠近所述电池组负极的绝缘电阻相耦接处的第一电流;第二电流计算单元,用于根据基尔霍夫电流定律求解所述精密电阻及参考电阻相耦接处的第二电流;估计值计算单元,用于根据所述电池组的绝缘阻抗、所述第一电流及第二电流计算绝缘阻抗估计值。
进一步地,所述系统还包括:重复赋值模块,用于对所述电池组的绝缘阻抗、所述电源的电压、所述电源的内阻、所述绝缘电阻、所述参考电阻、所述方波发生器的输出电压及所述精密电阻至少两次赋值,并计算每次赋值的绝缘阻抗估计值,且将每次赋值计算出的所述绝缘阻抗估计值作为二元数据集;可信度定义模块,用于对所述绝缘阻抗估计值进行可信度定义;估计值验证模块,用于根据所述可信度定义及所述二元数据集计算可信度最高的绝缘阻抗估计值,并用可信度最高的绝缘阻抗估计值验证所述根据所述检测模型及所述检测内阻模型计算所述电阻的绝缘阻抗估计值。
本发明第三方面提供一种电子装置,包括:存储器、处理器及存储在所述存储器上并可在所述处理器上运行的计算机程序,所述处理器执行所述计算机程序时,实现上述任意一项所述方法。
本发明第四方面提供计算机可读存储介质,其上存储有计算机程序,其特征在于,所述计算机程序被处理器执行时,实现上述任意一项所述方法。
本发明的实施方式
为使得本发明的发明目的、特征、优点能够更加的明显和易懂,下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而非全部实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
请参阅图1,为一种电池组绝缘检测方法,包括:S1、检测电池组设置的绝缘电阻,并得出绝缘电阻的绝缘性能;S2、根据绝缘性能简化电池组与车底盘间的绝缘阻抗检测模型,并得出考虑电池温度等多参数的电池组绝缘检测内阻模型;S3、根据检测模型及检测内阻模型计算绝缘电阻的绝缘阻抗估计值。
请参阅图2及图3,在检测电池组设置的绝缘电阻之前,检测方法还包括:建立电池组与车底盘间的绝缘阻抗检测模型;建立电池组与车底盘间的绝缘阻抗检测模型包括:建立电池组与车底盘间的绝缘阻抗检测模型,并且在本实施例中,只需建立一次检测模型即可,用r i表示电池组内的电池的内阻,用E i表示电池组内的电池的开路电压用,用R i表示第一电阻,即电池组内的各个电池相对车底盘的绝缘电阻,其中,在r i及E i中,i为非零正整数,并且i的最大值为电池组内电池的数量;在R i中,i为非零正整数,并且i的最大值为电池组内电池的数量减一;用I表示电池组的母线电流;用R 0表示第一电阻;用Rr表示第二电阻;用R s表示精密采样电阻;用V f表示方波发生器的输出电压,用V s表示精密采样电阻的电压,建立检测模型包括:设置至少两个串联的电源,形成电池组;在电源相互耦接的电极之间设置第一电阻,并使相邻的第一电阻并联形成电阻组,且在电池组的 电级之间设置与电阻组串联的第二电阻;在电池组的两级上设置用于连通电池组两级的参考电阻;在电阻组及参考电阻之间设置方波发生器;在方波发生器及参考电阻之间设置精密采样电阻;对电池组的绝缘阻抗、电源的电压、电源的内阻、绝缘电阻、参考电阻、方波发生器的输出电压及精密电阻赋值。
在本实施例中,第二电阻设置有两个,并且电阻组位于两个第二电阻之间;则可将电池组系统的绝缘阻抗定义为公式(1),公式(1)表示如下:R sys=R 0//R 1//R 2···//R n
由于车辆电池组的最大漏电电流出现在电池组的正极或负极处,故只需检测电池组正极或负极的第一电阻即可判断电池组的绝缘性能,所以此时简化检测模型,简化检测模型包括:合并串联的电源的开路电压,并将合并后的开路电压表示为E;合并串联的电源的内阻,并将合并后的电源的内阻表示为R;将第一电阻并入第二电阻,并将合并后的第一电阻及第二电阻表示为R s,可得出如下公式表示:
Figure PCTCN2018119133-appb-000001
R s=R 0,R p=R 1//R 2···//R n,其中R p表示电池组的绝缘阻抗。
计算绝缘电阻的绝缘阻抗估计值包括:根据基尔霍夫电流定律求解电池组负极及靠近电池组负极的绝缘电阻相耦接处的第一电流;根据基尔霍夫电流定律求解精密电阻及参考电阻相耦接处的第二电流;根据电池组的绝缘阻抗、第一电流及第二电流计算绝缘阻抗估计值。
在本实施例中,将电池组负极与靠近电池组负极的绝缘电阻相耦接处标记为A处,则将A处的电压设置为V A;将精密电阻及参考电 阻相耦接处标记为B;则在B处使用基尔霍夫电流定律能够得到公式(2),公式(2)如下:
Figure PCTCN2018119133-appb-000002
对B点应用基尔霍夫电流定律能够得到公式(3),公式(3)表示如下:
Figure PCTCN2018119133-appb-000003
由公式(1)、公式(2)及公式(3)能够得出公式(4),公式(4)表示如下:
Figure PCTCN2018119133-appb-000004
在本实施例中,定义
Figure PCTCN2018119133-appb-000005
则能够推导R sys=(λ-1)R s-0.5R s;将方波发生器的周期定义为R,在t=kT时刻的测量值分别为V s(k)、V f(k)、I(k),其中,k为常数,则将第k+m步及第k步的测量带入公式(4)并相减能够得出公式(5),公式(5)表示如下:
Figure PCTCN2018119133-appb-000006
在公式(5)中,ΔV b(k,k+m)=I(k)r(k)-I(k+m)r(k+m)为电池组两端的总电压变化,另外,ΔV f(k,k+m)=V f(k)-V f(k+m),ΔV s(k,k+m)=V s(k)-V s(k+m)。
检测方法还包括:对电池组的绝缘阻抗、电源的电压、电源的内阻、绝缘电阻、参考电阻、方波发生器的输出电压及精密电阻至少两次赋值,并计算每次赋值的绝缘阻抗估计值,且将每次赋值计算出的 绝缘阻抗估计值作为二元数据集;对绝缘阻抗估计值进行可信度定义;根据可信度定义及二元数据集计算可信度最高的绝缘阻抗估计值,并用可信度最高的绝缘阻抗估计值验证根据检测模型及检测内阻模型计算电阻的绝缘阻抗估计值。
对绝缘阻抗估计值进行可信度定义包括:确定电池组设计时绝缘阻抗估计值的误差;确定可信度区间的划分原则及可信度区间的划分方式;设置方波发生器的电压,并记录稳定后的检测电压值,且保存检测数据集;根据可信度区间的划分方式划分可信度区间及计算与二元数据集内的数据相对应的绝缘阻抗可信度;根据最高的绝缘阻抗可信度计算电池组的绝缘阻抗估计值。
电池组系统设计及制作时的绝缘阻抗估计误差满足ΔR sys/R sys≤θ,则由R sys/R p≤1可以推导出公式(6),公式(6)表示如下:
Figure PCTCN2018119133-appb-000007
随后确定可信度区间的划分原则,可信度区间的划分原则包括:覆盖超过一半测量出的二元数据集;满足确定电池组设计时绝缘阻抗估计值的误差的二元数据集的可信度为1;计算过程简单。
在本实施例中,可信度区间划分如下:定义公式(7),公式(7)表示如下:
Figure PCTCN2018119133-appb-000008
则可以得到划分方式的公式(8),公式(8)表示如下:
A 1(k,m)=ΔV TH(k,m)
Figure PCTCN2018119133-appb-000009
Figure PCTCN2018119133-appb-000010
A N(k,m)=σΔV TH(k,m); 其中,对应区间的可信度为a i=(N-i)/N,σ的取值确定了第k步及第m步的二元检测数据集(ψ k,ψ m)。
选择合适的N值,设置方波发生器第k步的输出电压为(-1) kV fm;定义第K-1步的绝缘阻抗为R sys(k-1),并已存储前2M步的测量数据,由第k步与第k-1,k-3,……,k-2M+1步测量数据构成的数据集进行计算的绝缘阻抗可信度分别为η 0,η 1,…,η M-1,η i∈(a 0,a 1,…,a N-1),其中最大的可信度定义为η max(k),则最大的可信度对应的绝缘阻抗估计值为
Figure PCTCN2018119133-appb-000011
则第k步的绝缘阻抗估计值定义为公式(9),公式(9)表示如下:
Figure PCTCN2018119133-appb-000012
由以上分析可知,选定θ、R s、R r及T能够实现绝缘阻抗检测的可信度算法,可信度算法如下:步骤1,使k=0;初始R sys为零,控制方波发生器的输出电压为V fm,检测预定环境温度下的检测电压值V f(0)、V s(0)、V b(0),并保存检测数据集Ψ 0=(V b(0),V s(0),V f(0));步骤2,使k=1,2……,并设置方波发生器输出电压为(-1) kV fm,稳定后的检测电压值为V f(k)、V s(k)、V b(k),并保存检测数据集Ψ k=(V b(k),V s(k),V f(k));应用公式(8)划分可信度区间及计算相应的二元数据集的绝缘阻抗可信度η i;从
Figure PCTCN2018119133-appb-000013
中找出其最大值η max(k),并使用公式(9)求解
Figure PCTCN2018119133-appb-000014
请参阅图4,一种电池组绝缘检测系统,包括:检测模块,用于检测电池组设置的绝缘电阻,并得出绝缘电阻的绝缘性能,在本实施例中,通过检测电阻组电极处的绝缘电阻得出绝缘电阻的绝缘性能;内阻模型建立模块,用于根据绝缘性能简化电池组与车底盘间的绝缘阻抗检测模型,并得出考虑电池温度等多参数的电池组绝缘检测内阻模型;绝缘阻抗计算模块,用于根据检测模型及检测内阻模型计算绝缘电阻的绝缘阻抗估计值。
请参阅图4及图5,电池组绝缘检测系统还包括:检测模型建立模块,用于在检测模块检测电池组设置的绝缘电阻之前,建立电池组与车底盘间的绝缘阻抗检测模型;检测模型建立模块包括:电池组单元,用于使用至少两个串联的电源,形成电池组;电阻设置单元,用于在在电源相互耦接的电极之间设置第一电阻,并使相邻的第一电阻并联形成电阻组,且在电池组的电级之间设置与电阻组串联的第二电阻,在本实施例中,第二电阻设置有两个,且电阻组位于两个第二电阻之间;参考电阻单元,用于在电池组的两级上设置用于连通电池组两级的参考电阻;方波发生器单元,用于在电阻组及参考电阻之间设置方波发生器;采样电阻设置单元,用于在方波发生器及参考电阻之间设置精密采样电阻;赋值单元,用于对电池组的绝缘阻抗、电源的电压、电源的内阻、绝缘电阻、参考电阻、方波发生器的输出电压及精密电阻赋值。
在本实施例中,通过合并和残联的电源的内阻,且将第一电阻合并入第二电阻简化电池组与车底盘间的绝缘阻抗检测模型。
请参阅图6,绝缘阻抗计算模块包括:第一电流计算单元,用于根据基尔霍夫电流定律求解电池组负极及靠近电池组负极的绝缘电阻相耦接处的第一电流;第二电流计算单元,用于根据基尔霍夫电流定律求解精密电阻及参考电阻相耦接处的第二电流;估计值计算单元,用于根据电池组的绝缘阻抗、第一电流及第二电流计算绝缘阻抗估计值。
系统还包括:重复赋值模块,用于对电池组的绝缘阻抗、电源的电压、电源的内阻、绝缘电阻、参考电阻、方波发生器的输出电压及精密电阻至少两次赋值,并计算每次赋值的绝缘阻抗估计值,且将每 次赋值计算出的绝缘阻抗估计值作为二元数据集;可信度定义模块,用于对绝缘阻抗估计值进行可信度定义;估计值验证模块,用于根据可信度定义及二元数据集计算可信度最高的绝缘阻抗估计值,并用可信度最高的绝缘阻抗估计值验证根据检测模型及检测内阻模型计算电阻的绝缘阻抗估计值。
可信度定义模块包括:误差估计单元,用于确定电池组设计时绝缘阻抗估计值的误差;区间划分单元,用于确定可信度区间的划分原则及可信度区间的划分方式;电压设置单元,用于设置方波发生器的电压,并记录稳定后的检测电压值,且保存检测数据集;绝缘阻抗可信度单元,用于根据可信度区间的划分方式划分可信度区间及计算与二元数据集内的数据相对应的绝缘阻抗可信度;绝缘阻抗估计值验证单元,用于根据最高的绝缘阻抗可信度计算电池组的绝缘阻抗估计值。
本申请实施例提供一种电子装置,请参阅7,该电子装置包括:存储器601、处理器602及存储在存储器601上并可在处理器602上运行的计算机程序,处理器602执行该计算机程序时,实现前述的实施例中描述的电池组绝缘检测方法。
进一步的,该电子装置还包括:至少一个输入设备603以及至少一个输出设备604。
上述存储器601、处理器602、输入设备603以及输出设备604,通过总线605连接。
其中,输入设备603具体可为摄像头、触控面板、物理按键或者鼠标等等。输出设备604具体可为显示屏。
存储器601可以是高速随机存取记忆体(RAM,Random Access Memory)存储器,也可为非不稳定的存储器(non-volatile memory), 例如磁盘存储器。存储器601用于存储一组可执行程序代码,处理器602与存储器601耦合。
进一步的,本申请实施例还提供了一种计算机可读存储介质,该计算机可读存储介质可以是设置于上述各实施例中的电子装置中,该计算机可读存储介质可以是前述图7所示实施例中的存储器601。该计算机可读存储介质上存储有计算机程序,该程序被处理器602执行时实现前述方法实施例中描述的电池组绝缘检测方法。
进一步的,该计算机可存储介质还可以是U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器601(ROM,Read-Only Memory)、RAM、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
在本申请所提供的实施例中,应该理解到,对于前述的方法实施例,为了简便描述,故将其都表述为一系列的动作组合,但是本领域技术人员应该知悉,本发明并不受所描述的动作顺序的限制,因为依据本发明,某些步骤可以采用其它顺序或者同时进行。其次,本领域技术人员也应该知悉,说明书中所描述的实施例均属于优选实施例,所涉及的动作并不一定都是本发明所必须的。
以上为对本发明所提供的一种电池组绝缘检测方法、系统、电子装置及存储介质的描述,对于本领域的技术人员,依据本发明实施例的思想,在具体实施方式及应用范围上均会有改变之处,综上,本说明书内容不应理解为对本发明的限制。
工业实用性
解决现有技术中对电池组检测的过程中,检测结果不精确或检测成本较高的技术问题。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种电池组绝缘检测方法,其特征在于,包括:
    检测电池组设置的绝缘电阻,并得出所述绝缘电阻的绝缘性能;
    根据所述绝缘性能简化电池组与车底盘间的绝缘阻抗检测模型,并得出考虑电池温度等多参数的电池组绝缘检测内阻模型;
    根据所述检测模型及所述检测内阻模型计算所述绝缘电阻的绝缘阻抗估计值。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电池组绝缘检测方法,其特征在于,
    所述检测电池组设置的绝缘电阻之前,所述方法还包括:
    建立所述电池组与车底盘间的绝缘阻抗检测模型;
    所述建立电池组与车底盘间的绝缘阻抗检测模型包括:
    设置至少两个串联的电源,形成电池组;
    在所述电源相互耦接的电极之间设置第一电阻,并使相邻的所述第一电阻并联形成电阻组,且在电池组的电级之间设置与所述电阻组串联的第二电阻;
    在电池组的两级上设置用于连通所述电池组两级的参考电阻;
    在所述电阻组及所述参考电阻之间设置方波发生器;
    在所述方波发生器及所述参考电阻之间设置精密采样电阻;
    对所述电池组的绝缘阻抗、所述电源的电压、所述电源的内阻、所述绝缘电阻、所述参考电阻、所述方波发生器的输出电压及所述精密电阻赋值。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的电池组绝缘检测方法,其特征在于,
    计算所述绝缘电阻的绝缘阻抗估计值包括:
    根据基尔霍夫电流定律求解所述电池组负极及靠近所述电池组负极的绝缘电阻相耦接处的第一电流;
    根据基尔霍夫电流定律求解所述精密电阻及参考电阻相耦接处的第二电流;
    根据所述电池组的绝缘阻抗、所述第一电流及第二电流计算绝缘阻抗估计值。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的电池组绝缘检测方法,其特征在于,
    所述检测方法还包括:对所述电池组的绝缘阻抗、所述电源的电压、所述电源的内阻、所述绝缘电阻、所述参考电阻、所述方波发生器的输出电压及所述精密电阻至少两次赋值,并计算每次赋值的绝缘阻抗估计值,且将每次赋值计算出的所述绝缘阻抗估计值作为二元数据集;
    对所述绝缘阻抗估计值进行可信度定义;
    根据所述可信度定义及所述二元数据集计算可信度最高的绝缘阻抗估计值,并用可信度最高的绝缘阻抗估计值验证所述根据所述检测模型及所述检测内阻模型计算所述电阻的绝缘阻抗估计值。
  5. 一种电池组绝缘检测系统,其特征在于,包括:
    检测模块,用于检测电池组设置的绝缘电阻,并得出所述绝缘电阻的绝缘性能;
    内阻模型建立模块,用于根据所述绝缘性能简化电池组与车底盘间的绝缘阻抗检测模型,并得出考虑电池温度等多参数的电池组绝缘检测内阻模型;
    绝缘阻抗计算模块,用于根据所述检测模型及所述检测内阻模型计算所述绝缘电阻的绝缘阻抗估计值。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的电池组绝缘检测系统,其特征在于,
    所述系统还包括:
    检测模型建立模块,用于在检测模块检测电池组设置的绝缘电阻 之前,建立所述电池组与车底盘间的绝缘阻抗检测模型;
    所述检测模型建立模块包括:
    电池组单元,用于使用至少两个串联的电源,形成电池组;
    电阻设置单元,用于在在所述电源相互耦接的电极之间设置第一电阻,并使相邻的所述第一电阻并联形成电阻组,且在电池组的电级之间设置与所述电阻组串联的第二电阻;
    参考电阻单元,用于在电池组的两级上设置用于连通所述电池组两级的参考电阻;
    方波发生器单元,用于在所述电阻组及所述参考电阻之间设置方波发生器;
    采样电阻设置单元,用于在所述方波发生器及所述参考电阻之间设置精密采样电阻;
    赋值单元,用于对所述电池组的绝缘阻抗、所述电源的电压、所述电源的内阻、所述绝缘电阻、所述参考电阻、所述方波发生器的输出电压及所述精密电阻赋值。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的电池组绝缘检测系统,其特征在于,
    所述绝缘阻抗计算模块包括:
    第一电流计算单元,用于根据基尔霍夫电流定律求解所述电池组负极及靠近所述电池组负极的绝缘电阻相耦接处的第一电流;
    第二电流计算单元,用于根据基尔霍夫电流定律求解所述精密电阻及参考电阻相耦接处的第二电流;
    估计值计算单元,用于根据所述电池组的绝缘阻抗、所述第一电流及第二电流计算绝缘阻抗估计值。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的电池组绝缘检测系统,其特征在于,
    所述系统还包括:
    重复赋值模块,用于对所述电池组的绝缘阻抗、所述电源的电压、所述电源的内阻、所述绝缘电阻、所述参考电阻、所述方波发生器的输出电压及所述精密电阻至少两次赋值,并计算每次赋值的绝缘阻抗估计值,且将每次赋值计算出的所述绝缘阻抗估计值作为二元数据集;
    可信度定义模块,用于对所述绝缘阻抗估计值进行可信度定义;
    估计值验证模块,用于根据所述可信度定义及所述二元数据集计算可信度最高的绝缘阻抗估计值,并用可信度最高的绝缘阻抗估计值验证所述根据所述检测模型及所述检测内阻模型计算所述电阻的绝缘阻抗估计值。
  9. 一种电子装置,包括:存储器、处理器及存储在所述存储器上并可在所述处理器上运行的计算机程序,其特征在于,所述处理器执行所述计算机程序时,实现权利要求1至4中的任意一项所述方法。
  10. 一种计算机可读存储介质,其上存储有计算机程序,其特征在于,所述计算机程序被处理器执行时,实现权利要求1至4中的任意一项所述方法。
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