WO2020108461A1 - 一种骨折外固定3d打印机 - Google Patents

一种骨折外固定3d打印机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020108461A1
WO2020108461A1 PCT/CN2019/120774 CN2019120774W WO2020108461A1 WO 2020108461 A1 WO2020108461 A1 WO 2020108461A1 CN 2019120774 W CN2019120774 W CN 2019120774W WO 2020108461 A1 WO2020108461 A1 WO 2020108461A1
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Prior art keywords
moving
printer
external fixation
platform
air
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PCT/CN2019/120774
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English (en)
French (fr)
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刘朋
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刘朋
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Publication of WO2020108461A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020108461A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
    • B28B1/001—Rapid manufacturing of 3D objects by additive depositing, agglomerating or laminating of material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of 3D printing, and particularly relates to a fracture external fixation 3D printer.
  • 3D printing is a technology based on digital model files, using powdery metal or plastics and other adhesive materials to construct objects by layer-by-layer printing by a 3D printer.
  • 3D printing can be directly used in the direct manufacturing of some products, such as jewelry, footwear, industrial design, construction, automotive, aerospace, medical industry, education, geographic information system, civil engineering, firearms, and others All fields have applications.
  • Fractures are common injuries in medical treatment and daily life. After fractures, patients usually need to receive corresponding fixation measures to ensure the rehabilitation of damaged bones.
  • the commonly used fixation measures are divided into two categories: external fixation and internal fixation.
  • external fixation gypsum and small splint are the most common external fixation devices.
  • the gypsum and small splint that constitute the external fixation device are cumbersome due to their materials and manufacturing processes, and the external fixation device itself is bulky, the ventilation performance is not ideal, and usually does not fit the patient's affected limb perfectly. Patients with fixed treatment bring more obvious discomfort.
  • 3D printing technology has been used to manufacture external fixing devices in the prior art, but it has not been effectively promoted. The reason is that the existing 3D printers print slowly, and an external fixing device is often printed. It takes 4 to 12 hours or even longer, and the fracture is a condition that needs to be treated urgently. It needs to be fixed immediately after reduction and cannot wait for too long.
  • the reason why it takes a long time to complete an external fixing device by printing with a 3D printer is that: in order to adapt to different model needs, the 3D printer fills the layers layer by layer after the model is layered, and the layers are stacked one by one. This process It is very long and often takes more than ten hours. Patients with fractures cannot wait for a long time.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a 3D printer for external fixation of bone fractures, which can complete the printing of external fracture fixation models within 30 minutes.
  • the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
  • the invention provides a fracture external fixation 3D printer, which includes a printer frame, a feeding device is installed at the upper part of the printer frame, a triaxial movement mechanism is installed at the middle of the printer frame, and a lower part of the printer frame A cooler is installed, and a first hot-air softening device and a second hot-air softening device are installed on both sides of the three-axis moving mechanism; a dedicated print head is installed on the three-axis moving platform of the three-axis moving mechanism.
  • the discharge port of the feed device is connected to one end of the feed hose, the feed port of the dedicated print head is connected to the other end of the feed hose; the air outlet of the air cooler is connected to the cold air hose One end is connected, and the air inlet of the dedicated print head is connected to the other end of the cold air hose.
  • the feeding device includes a hopper, and a discharge mechanism is installed at a discharge port at the bottom of the hopper, the discharge mechanism includes a stepping motor for feeding, and a coupling is installed on a rotating shaft of the stepping motor for feeding , The side of the coupling that is away from the material stepping motor is installed at one end of the connecting rod, and the other end of the connecting rod is installed at the other end of the connecting rod.
  • the material-discharging wheel has an arc-shaped sheet shape.
  • both the first hot air softening device and the second hot air softening device include a hot air moving platform, a mobile slide is installed on the upper surface of the hot air moving platform, and a hot air fan is installed on the upper surface of the mobile slide.
  • a fan-shaped air outlet is installed at the air outlet of the hot air fan, and the fan-shaped air outlet is parallel to the moving slide; two first moving guide rods and a first are installed vertically on one side of the lower surface of the hot air moving platform The screw stepping motor is moved up and down, and the two first moving guide rods and the first moving screw stepping motor are alternately arranged.
  • the three-axis moving mechanism includes a printing platform, and two vertical moving linear bearings spaced at intervals are installed on both sides of the printing platform.
  • the vertical moving linear bearings pass through the vertical moving guide rods. Both ends are equipped with up and down moving screw screw seats, and the up and down moving screw screw seats are provided with a second up and down moving screw stepper motor.
  • the three-axis moving mechanism further includes a three-axis moving platform, and both sides of the lower surface of the three-axis moving platform are equipped with a linear bearing housing that moves forward and backward.
  • Both ends of the front and rear moving guide rods are connected to the left and right moving linear bearing seats, the left and right moving linear bearing seats are provided with left and right moving guide rods, and the left and right moving linear bearing seats are equipped with front and rear moving stepping motors
  • the left and right moving linear bearing seats are connected to a synchronous belt, a synchronous wheel is installed on both sides of the synchronous belt, a motor shaft extension rod is installed on the synchronous wheel on both sides, and one end of the motor shaft extension rod Stepping motors for left and right movement are installed.
  • a synchronous wheel with a seat is installed on the forward and backward stepping motors on both sides, and a synchronous belt is installed between the forward and backward moving stepper motor on one end and the synchronous wheel with a seat on the other end.
  • the belt is connected to the three-axis mobile platform.
  • the feeding device conveys a certain amount of powdery material to the special printing head through the feeding tube, and the special printing head heats and melts the material and extrudes from the printing port, while the three axis moves
  • the mechanism starts to move accordingly to complete the printing of the fracture external fixation model; at the same time, because the material extrusion volume is large and the heat content is also large, in order to prevent the model from solidifying in time and causing collapse and shrinkage, the cold wind blown out by the cold air fan is guided below the printing port Cool the model to quickly fix it; at the same time, irregularities on the surface of the model, including burrs, etc., make the wearer feel uncomfortable.
  • the hot air softening device on the left and right sides sweeps the surface of the model during the model printing process It only softens the surface of the model to achieve the purpose of flattening the surface, but does not cause the whole model to deform well and affect the fixation effect. It achieves the purpose of rapid printing of the fracture external fixation model.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a fracture external fixation 3D printer of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the feeding device of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the material distributing mechanism of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the three-axis moving mechanism of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a hot air softening device of the present invention.
  • a fracture external fixation 3D printer including a printer frame 1, a feeding device 2 is installed on the upper part of the printer frame 1 for loading and conveying powdery granular materials; the printer frame 1
  • the middle of the machine is equipped with a three-axis moving mechanism 5 for controlling the movement of the print head; the lower part of the printer frame 1 is equipped with a cooler 9 for quickly fixing the model; the two sides of the three-axis moving mechanism 5 are respectively installed
  • the first hot-air softening device 7 and the second hot-air softening device 8 are used to remove the burrs on the surface of the model;
  • the three-axis moving platform 5-24 of the three-axis moving mechanism 5 is equipped with a dedicated print head 3, the feeding device
  • the discharge port of 2 is connected to one end of the feed hose 4, and the feed port of the dedicated print head 3 is connected to the other end of the feed hose 4; the air outlet of the cooling fan 9 is connected to the cold wind One end of the hose 10 is connected, and the air inlet of the dedicated
  • the feeding device 2 includes a hopper 2-1, and the material outlet at the bottom of the hopper 2-1 is equipped with a feeding mechanism 2-2, and the feeding mechanism 2-2 includes a dial Material stepping motor 2-2-1, a coupling 2-2-2 is installed on the rotating shaft of the material stepping motor 2-2-1, the coupling 2-2-2 and the The side where the stepping motor 2-2-1 is separated is installed with one end of the connecting rod 2-2-3, and the other end of the connecting rod 2-2-3 is phased with the feeding wheel 2-2-4 Installation, the stepping motor 2-2-1 controls the rotation of the picking wheel 2-2-4, and controls the material delivery to the print head.
  • the feeding mechanism 2-2 includes a dial Material stepping motor 2-2-1, a coupling 2-2-2 is installed on the rotating shaft of the material stepping motor 2-2-1, the coupling 2-2-2 and the The side where the stepping motor 2-2-1 is separated is installed with one end of the connecting rod 2-2-3, and the other end of the connecting rod 2-2-3 is phased with the feeding wheel 2-2-4 Installation, the stepping motor 2-2-1 controls the rotation of
  • the material dial 2-2-4 is in the shape of an arc.
  • the arc-shaped sheet-shaped material-selecting wheel can quickly adjust the material without blocking.
  • the first hot air softening device 7 and the second hot air softening device 8 each include a hot air moving platform 7-3, and a movable slide 7-4 is installed on the upper surface of the hot air moving platform 7-3.
  • the upper surface of the mobile slide 7-4 is equipped with a hot air fan 7-5, and the mobile slide 7-4 can drive the hot air fan 7-5 to move around, and a fan-shaped air outlet is installed at the air outlet of the hot air fan 7-5 7-6, fan-shaped air outlet 7-6, making the swept area larger; the fan-shaped air outlet 7-6 is parallel to the moving slide 7-4; the lower surface of the hot air moving platform 7-3
  • Two first moving guide rods 7-2 and first up and down moving screw stepper motors 7-1 are installed vertically on one side, two first moving guide rods 7-2 and the first up and down moving wires Rod stepper motors 7-1 are staggered.
  • the three-axis moving mechanism 5 includes a printing platform 5-4, two sides of the printing platform 5-4 are installed with two spaced up and down linear bearings 5-5, the up and down moving linear The bearing 5-5 passes through the up and down moving guide rod 5-3, and both ends of the printing platform 5-4 are installed with up and down moving screw screw seats 5-6, and the up and down moving screw screw seats 5-6 There is a second stepping motor 5-1 for moving the screw up and down. Through the rotation of the stepping motors 5-1 and 5-2, the printing platform 5-4 can be driven to move up and down to realize the layer-by-layer movement of the printed parts.
  • the three-axis moving mechanism 5 further includes a three-axis moving platform 5-24, wherein the three-axis moving platform 5-24 is installed above the printing platform 5-4.
  • Both sides of the lower surface of the three-axis moving platform 5-24 are equipped with front and rear moving linear bearing seats 5-23, and the two front and rear moving linear bearing seats 5-23 are respectively provided with first front and rear moving guide rods 5- 21 and the second forward and backward moving guide rods 5-22, both ends of the first forward and backward moving guide rods 5-21 and both ends of the second forward and backward moving guide rods 5-22 are respectively connected with the first left and right moving linear bearings
  • the seat 5-15 is connected with the second left-right linear bearing seat 5-17.
  • the first left-right moving linear bearing seat 5-15 is provided with the first left-right moving guide rod 5-16;
  • the second left-right moving linear bearing seat 5-17 is provided with a second left-right moving guide rod 5-18.
  • the first left-right moving linear bearing seat 5-15 is connected to the first synchronous belt 5-19, and a first synchronous wheel 5-9 and a second synchronous wheel 5-10 are installed on both sides of the first synchronous 5-19 ;
  • the second left-right moving linear bearing housing 5-17 is connected to the second timing belt 5-20, and a third timing wheel 5-13 and a fourth timing wheel 5-14 are installed on both sides of the second timing belt 5-20 respectively;
  • Second motor extension rods 5-12 are installed on the second synchronization wheels 5-10 and fourth synchronization wheels 5-14, and first motor extension rods are installed on the first synchronization wheels 5-9 and the third synchronization wheels 5-13 5-11, the first motor extension rod 5-11 is installed on the shaft of the first left and right moving stepper motor 5-7, the second motor extension rod 5-12 is installed on the second left and right moving stepper motor 5-8,
  • the stepping motor is connected to the frame, the motor extension rod is fixed on the rotating shaft of the motor, and the synchronization wheel is fixed on the motor extension rod.
  • the first left and right moving linear bearing housings 5-15 are equipped with front and rear first moving stepper motors 5-26, and the second right and left moving linear bearing housings 5-17 are equipped with seated synchronous wheels 5-27, the first moving stepping motors
  • a timing belt 5-25 is installed between 5-26 and the synchronous pulley 5-27 with a base.
  • the timing belt 5-25 is connected to the three-axis mobile platform 5-24.
  • the fracture external fixation 3D printer in which the dedicated print head 3 is a flat-mouthed print head that can automatically adjust the angle of the print head, is a flat surface at a time.
  • the feeding device conveys 2 a certain amount of powdery material to the special printing head 3 through the feeding tube 3, the special printing head 3 heats and melts the material and extrudes from the printing port, and the three-axis moving mechanism 5 starts Corresponding action to complete the printing of the fracture external fixation model 6; at the same time, because of the large amount of material extrusion and the large amount of heat, in order to prevent the fracture external fixation model 6 from being frozen in time and causing collapse and shrinkage, the cold wind blown by the cold fan 9 is passed through the cold wind The hose 10 is guided below the printing port to cool the printed layer of the fracture external fixation model 6 to quickly fix it; at the same time, the uneven printing on the surface of the fracture external fixation model 6 will make the wearer feel uncomfortable.
  • the hot air softening devices 7 and 8 on both sides perform hot air horizontal scanning on the surface of the fracture external fixation model 6 during the printing process of the fracture external fixation model 6, so that the surface of the fracture external fixation model 6 is softened to achieve the purpose of flattening the surface, but not The entire fracture external fixation model 6 is deformed to affect the fixation effect, and the purpose of rapid printing of the fracture external fixation model 6 is achieved.
  • the dedicated print head 3 is the existing technology, please refer to the patent number: 201710260913.0, and the patent name is: a print head for 3D printers.
  • the fracture external fixation 3D printer shown in the embodiments of the present invention is not only applicable to the fracture fields common in medical treatment and daily life shown in the background technology, but also applicable to the jewelry shown in the background technology. , Footwear, industrial design, construction, automotive, aerospace, medical industry, education, geographic information system, civil engineering, firearms, and other fields.

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Abstract

本发明提供了一种骨折外固定3D打印机，包括打印机机架，所述打印机机架的上部安装有进料装置，所述打印机机架的中部安装有三轴移动机构，所述打印机机架的下部安装有冷风机，所述三轴移动机构的两侧分别安装有第一热风软化装置和第二热风软化装置；所述三轴移动机构的三轴移动平台上安装有专用打印头，所述进料装置的出料口与进料软管的一端相连接，所述专用打印头的进料口与所述进料软管的另一端相连接；所述冷风机的出风口与冷风软管的一端相连接，所述专用打印头的进风口与所述冷风软管的另一端相连接，模型表面发生软化达到平整表面的目的，而又不会使整个模型好生变形影响固定效果，达到了骨折外固定模型快速打印的目的。

Description

一种骨折外固定3D打印机 技术领域
本发明属于3D打印技术领域，尤其涉及一种骨折外固定3D打印机。
背景技术
3D打印一种以数字模型文件为基础，运用粉末状金属或塑料等可粘合材料，通过3D打印机逐层打印的方式来构造物体的技术。3D打印作为一种快速成型技术，可以直接用于一些产品的直接制造，在珠宝、鞋类、工业设计、建筑、汽车、航空航天、医疗产业、教育、地理信息系统、土木工程、枪支以及其他领域都有所应用。
骨折是医疗及日常生活中常见的损伤，在骨折后，患者通常需要接受相应的固定措施，以保证受损骨骼的康复。目前常用的固定措施，分为外固定与内固定两大类，对于外固定来说，石膏及小夹板是最为普遍的外固定装置。构成外固定装置的石膏与小夹板，由于其材料、制作工艺等方面的制约，导致外固定装置自身较为笨重，透气性能不够理想，且通常不能与患者的患肢完美贴合，会给接受外固定治疗的患者带来较为明显的不适。
在实现本发明的过程中，申请人发现现有技术中存在以下不足：
随着3D打印技术的发展，现有技术中开始使用3D打印技术来制造外固定装置，但得不到有效推广，究其原因是在于现有3D打印机打印速度慢，打印完成一个外固定装置往往需要4～12小时甚至更长，而骨折又是急需处理的病情，复位后需要马上固定，不能等待太长时间。
现有技术中，通过3D打印机打印完成一个外固定装置时间较长的原 因是在于：为了适应不同的模型需求，3D打印机通过将模型分层后逐层填实，一层层堆叠上去，这个过程是很漫长的，往往需要十几个小时，骨折病人无法长时间等待。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于针对上述现有技术的不足，提供了一种骨折外固定3D打印机，能够在30分钟内完成骨折外固定模型的打印。
为实现上述目的，本发明采用了如下技术方案：
本发明提供了一种骨折外固定3D打印机，包括打印机机架，所述打印机机架的上部安装有进料装置，所述打印机机架的中部安装有三轴移动机构，所述打印机机架的下部安装有冷风机，所述三轴移动机构的两侧分别安装有第一热风软化装置和第二热风软化装置；所述三轴移动机构的三轴移动平台上安装有专用打印头，所述进料装置的出料口与进料软管的一端相连接，所述专用打印头的进料口与所述进料软管的另一端相连接；所述冷风机的出风口与冷风软管的一端相连接，所述专用打印头的进风口与所述冷风软管的另一端相连接。
所述进料装置包括料斗，所述料斗底部的出料口安装有拨料机构，所述拨料机构包括拨料步进电机，所述拨料步进电机的旋转轴上安装有联轴器，所述联轴器与所述拨料步进电机相离的一侧与连杆的一端相安装，所述连杆的另一端与拨料轮相安装。
进一步，所述拨料轮为弧形片状。
进一步，所述第一热风软化装置和第二热风软化装置均包括热风移动平台，所述热风移动平台的上表面安装有移动滑台，所述移动滑台的上表面安装有热风机，所述热风机的出风口处安装有扇形出风口，所述扇形出风口与所述移动滑台相平行；所述热风移动平台下表面的一侧垂直的安装有两根第一移动导向杆和第一上下移动丝杆步进电机，两根所述第一移动导向杆和所述第一上下移动丝杆步进电机交错设置。
进一步，所述三轴移动机构包括打印平台，所述打印平台的两侧均安 装有两根间隔设置的上下移动直线轴承，所述上下移动直线轴承穿过上下移动导杆，所述打印平台的两端均安装有上下移动丝杆螺线座，所述上下移动丝杆螺线座上穿有第二上下移动丝杆步进电机。
进一步，所述三轴移动机构还包括三轴移动平台，所述三轴移动平台下表面的两侧均安装有前后移动直线轴承座，所述前后移动直线轴承座上穿有前后移动导向杆，所述前后移动导向杆的两端均与左右移动直线轴承座相连接，所述左右移动直线轴承座上穿有左右移动导向杆，所述左右移动直线轴承座上安装有前后移动步进电机，所述左右移动直线轴承座与同步带相连接，所述同步带的两侧均安装有同步轮，两侧的所述同步轮上均安装有电机轴延长杆，所述电机轴延长杆的一端安装有左右移动步进电机。
进一步，两侧的所述前后移动步进电机上均安装有带座同步轮，一端的所述前后移动步进电机与另一端的所述带座同步轮之间安装有同步带，所述同步带连接到所述三轴移动平台上。
本发明的有益效果为：在使用时，进料装置将一定量的粉状材料通过进料管输送到专用打印头中，专用打印头将材料加热融化后从打印口挤出，同时三轴移动机构开始相应动作，完成骨折外固定模型的打印工作；同时因为材料的挤出量大，含热量也大，为了防止模型不能及时凝固导致坍塌萎缩，将冷风机吹出的冷风导引到打印口下方对模型进行冷却，使其迅速固定下来；同时模型的表面的包括毛刺等不平整的地方使佩戴者有不适感，通过左右两侧的热风软化装置在模型打印过程中对模型表面进行热风平扫，仅使模型表面发生软化达到平整表面的目的，而又不会使整个模型好生变形影响固定效果，达到了骨折外固定模型快速打印的目的。
附图说明
图1为本发明一种骨折外固定3D打印机的结构示意图；
图2为本发明进料装置的结构示意图；
图3为本发明拨料机构的结构示意图；
图4为本发明三轴移动机构的结构示意图；
图5为本发明热风软化装置的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，下面结合附图，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。
请参阅图1，一种骨折外固定3D打印机，包括打印机机架1，所述打印机机架1的上部安装有进料装置2，用来装载和输送粉状颗粒料；所述打印机机架1的中部安装有三轴移动机构5，用来控制打印头的移动；所述打印机机架1的下部安装有冷风机9，用来快速固定模型；所述三轴移动机构5的两侧分别安装有第一热风软化装置7和第二热风软化装置8，用来去除模型表面的毛刺；所述三轴移动机构5的三轴移动平台5-24上安装有专用打印头3，所述进料装置2的出料口与进料软管4的一端相连接，所述专用打印头3的进料口与所述进料软管4的另一端相连接；所述冷风机9的出风口与冷风软管10的一端相连接，所述专用打印头3的进风口与所述冷风软管10的另一端相连接。
请参阅图2和图3，所述进料装置2包括料斗2-1，所述料斗2-1底部的出料口安装有拨料机构2-2，所述拨料机构2-2包括拨料步进电机2-2-1，所述拨料步进电机2-2-1的旋转轴上安装有联轴器2-2-2，所述联轴器2-2-2与所述拨料步进电机2-2-1相离的一侧与连杆2-2-3的一端相安装，所述连杆2-2-3的另一端与拨料轮2-2-4相安装，通过步进电机2-2-1控制拨料轮2-2-4转动，控制对打印头的材料输送。
所述拨料轮2-2-4为弧形片状。弧形片状拨料轮能够快速拨料，不会出现堵塞。
请参阅图5，所述第一热风软化装置7和第二热风软化装置8均包括热风移动平台7-3，所述热风移动平台7-3的上表面安装有移动滑台7-4，所述移动滑台7-4的上表面安装有热风机7-5，移动滑台7-4可以带动热 风机7-5左右移动，所述热风机7-5的出风口处安装有扇形出风口7-6，扇形出风口7-6，使得扫过的面积更大；所述扇形出风口7-6与所述移动滑台7-4相平行；所述热风移动平台7-3下表面的一侧垂直的安装有两根第一移动导向杆7-2和第一上下移动丝杆步进电机7-1，两根所述第一移动导向杆7-2和所述第一上下移动丝杆步进电机7-1交错设置。
请参阅图4，所述三轴移动机构5包括打印平台5-4，所述打印平台5-4的两侧均安装有两根间隔设置的上下移动直线轴承5-5，所述上下移动直线轴承5-5穿过上下移动导杆5-3，所述打印平台5-4的两端均安装有上下移动丝杆螺线座5-6，所述上下移动丝杆螺线座5-6上穿有第二上下移动丝杆步进电机5-1。通过步进电机5-1和5-2的转动，可以带动打印平台5-4的上下移动，实现打印件的逐层移动。
所述三轴移动机构5还包括三轴移动平台5-24，其中，三轴移动平台5-24安装在打印平台5-4的上方。
所述三轴移动平台5-24下表面的两侧均安装有前后移动直线轴承座5-23，两个所述前后移动直线轴承座5-23上分别穿有第一前后移动导向杆5-21和第二前后移动导向杆5-22，所述第一前后移动导向杆5-21的两端和所述第二前后移动导向杆5-22的两端均分别与第一左右移动直线轴承座5-15和第二左右移动直线轴承座5-17相连接。
第一左右移动直线轴承座5-15上穿有第一左右移动导向杆5-16；
第二左右移动直线轴承座5-17上穿有第二左右移动导向杆5-18。
第一左右移动直线轴承座5-15与第一同步带5-19相连接，所述第一同步5-19的两侧分别安装有第一同步轮5-9和第二同步轮5-10；
第二左右移动直线轴承座5-17与第二同步带5-20相连接，第二同步带5-20的两侧分别安装有第三同步轮5-13和第四同步轮5-14；第二同步轮5-10和第四同步轮5-14上安装有第二电机延长杆5-12，第一同步轮5-9和第三同步轮5-13上安装有第一电机延长杆5-11，第一电机延长杆5-11安装在第一左右移动步进电机5-7的轴上，第二电机延长杆5-12安装在第二左右移动步进电机5-8，
其中，步进电机与机架相连，电机延长杆固定在电机的旋转轴上，同步轮固定在电机延长杆上。
第一左右移动直线轴承座5-15上安装有前后第一移动步进电机5-26，第二左右移动直线轴承座5-17安装有带座同步轮5-27，第一移动步进电机5-26和带座同步轮5-27之间安装有同步带5-25，同步带5-25连接到三轴移动平台5-24上。
该骨折外固定3D打印机，，其中专用打印头3为一种可自动调整打印头角度的扁口打印头，一次剂出就是一个平面。在使用时，进料装置将2一定量的粉状材料通过进料管4输送到专用打印头中3，专用打印头3将材料加热融化后从打印口挤出，同时三轴移动机构5开始相应动作，完成骨折外固定模型6的打印工作；同时因为材料的挤出量大，含热量也大，为了防止骨折外固定模型6不能及时凝固导致坍塌萎缩，将冷风机9吹出的冷风通过冷风软管10导引到打印口下方对骨折外固定模型6的打印层进行冷却，使其迅速固定下来；同时骨折外固定模型6表面的打印不平整的地方会使佩戴者有不适感，通过左右两侧的热风软化装置7和8在骨折外固定模型6打印过程中对骨折外固定模型6表面进行热风平扫，仅使骨折外固定模型6表面发生软化达到平整表面的目的，而又不会使整个骨折外固定模型6发生变形影响固定效果，达到了骨折外固定模型6快速打印的目的。
其中，专用打印头3为现有技术，请参见专利号为：201710260913.0，专利名称为：一种3D打印机用打印头。
需要说明的是，本发明实施例所示的一种骨折外固定3D打印机，不仅适应于背景技术中所示的医疗及日常生活中常见的骨折领域，也可以适应于背景技术中所示的珠宝、鞋类、工业设计、建筑、汽车、航空航天、医疗产业、教育、地理信息系统、土木工程、枪支以及其他领域。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本发明的实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对本发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做 出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本发明的保护范围。因此，本发明专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。

Claims (7)

  1. 一种骨折外固定3D打印机，其特征在于：包括打印机机架，所述打印机机架的上部安装有进料装置，所述打印机机架的中部安装有三轴移动机构，所述打印机机架的下部安装有冷风机，所述三轴移动机构的两侧分别安装有第一热风软化装置和第二热风软化装置；所述三轴移动机构的三轴移动平台上安装有专用打印头，所述进料装置的出料口与进料软管的一端相连接，所述专用打印头的进料口与所述进料软管的另一端相连接；所述冷风机的出风口与冷风软管的一端相连接，所述专用打印头的进风口与所述冷风软管的另一端相连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种骨折外固定3D打印机，其特征在于：所述进料装置包括料斗，所述料斗底部的出料口安装有拨料机构，所述拨料机构包括拨料步进电机，所述拨料步进电机的旋转轴上安装有联轴器，所述联轴器与所述拨料步进电机相离的一侧与连杆的一端相安装，所述连杆的另一端与拨料轮相安装。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种骨折外固定3D打印机，其特征在于：所述拨料轮为弧形片状。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种骨折外固定3D打印机，其特征在于：所述第一热风软化装置和第二热风软化装置均包括热风移动平台，所述热风移动平台的上表面安装有移动滑台，所述移动滑台的上表面安装有热风机，所述热风机的出风口处安装有扇形出风口，所述扇形出风口与所述移动滑台相平行；所述热风移动平台下表面的一侧垂直的安装有两根第一移动导向杆和第一上下移动丝杆步进电机，两根所述第一移动导向杆和所述第一上下移动丝杆步进电机交错设置。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的一种骨折外固定3D打印机，其特征在于：所述三轴移动机构包括打印平台，所述打印平台的两侧均安装有两根间隔设置的上下移动直线轴承，所述上下移动直线轴承穿过上下移动导杆，所述打印平台的两端均安装有上下移动丝杆螺线座，所述上下移动丝杆螺线 座上穿有第二上下移动丝杆步进电机。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的一种骨折外固定3D打印机，其特征在于：所述三轴移动机构还包括三轴移动平台，所述三轴移动平台下表面的两侧均安装有前后移动直线轴承座，所述前后移动直线轴承座上穿有前后移动导向杆，所述前后移动导向杆的两端均与左右移动直线轴承座相连接，所述左右移动直线轴承座上穿有左右移动导向杆，所述左右移动直线轴承座上安装有前后移动步进电机，所述左右移动直线轴承座与同步带相连接，所述同步带的两侧均安装有同步轮，两侧的所述同步轮上均安装有电机轴延长杆，所述电机轴延长杆的一端安装有左右移动步进电机。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的一种骨折外固定3D打印机，其特征在于：两侧的所述前后移动步进电机上均安装有带座同步轮，一端的所述前后移动步进电机与另一端的所述带座同步轮之间安装有同步带，所述同步带连接到所述三轴移动平台上。
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