WO2020108062A1 - 数据发送的方法及装置 - Google Patents

数据发送的方法及装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020108062A1
WO2020108062A1 PCT/CN2019/107949 CN2019107949W WO2020108062A1 WO 2020108062 A1 WO2020108062 A1 WO 2020108062A1 CN 2019107949 W CN2019107949 W CN 2019107949W WO 2020108062 A1 WO2020108062 A1 WO 2020108062A1
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Prior art keywords
data
modulation
modulation symbol
symbol
node
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PCT/CN2019/107949
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
董朋朋
许子杰
李元杰
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华为技术有限公司
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Priority to EP19890159.7A priority Critical patent/EP3866361A4/en
Publication of WO2020108062A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020108062A1/zh
Priority to US17/334,423 priority patent/US20210288847A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00—Baseband systems
    • H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
    • H04L25/03—Shaping networks in transmitter or receiver, e.g. adaptive shaping networks
    • H04L25/03891—Spatial equalizers
    • H04L25/03898—Spatial equalizers codebook-based design
    • H04L25/03929—Spatial equalizers codebook-based design with layer mapping, e.g. codeword-to layer design
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/0012—Modulated-carrier systems arrangements for identifying the type of modulation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/0001—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff
    • H04L1/0002—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff by adapting the transmission rate
    • H04L1/0003—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff by adapting the transmission rate by switching between different modulation schemes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00—Baseband systems
    • H04L25/38—Synchronous or start-stop systems, e.g. for Baudot code
    • H04L25/40—Transmitting circuits; Receiving circuits
    • H04L25/49—Transmitting circuits; Receiving circuits using code conversion at the transmitter; using predistortion; using insertion of idle bits for obtaining a desired frequency spectrum; using three or more amplitude levels ; Baseband coding techniques specific to data transmission systems
    • H04L25/4917—Transmitting circuits; Receiving circuits using code conversion at the transmitter; using predistortion; using insertion of idle bits for obtaining a desired frequency spectrum; using three or more amplitude levels ; Baseband coding techniques specific to data transmission systems using multilevel codes
    • H04L25/4927—Transmitting circuits; Receiving circuits using code conversion at the transmitter; using predistortion; using insertion of idle bits for obtaining a desired frequency spectrum; using three or more amplitude levels ; Baseband coding techniques specific to data transmission systems using multilevel codes using levels matched to the quantisation levels of the channel
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/0008—Modulated-carrier systems arrangements for allowing a transmitter or receiver to use more than one type of modulation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/18—Phase-modulated carrier systems, i.e. using phase-shift keying
    • H04L27/20—Modulator circuits; Transmitter circuits
    • H04L27/2032—Modulator circuits; Transmitter circuits for discrete phase modulation, e.g. in which the phase of the carrier is modulated in a nominally instantaneous manner
    • H04L27/2035—Modulator circuits; Transmitter circuits for discrete phase modulation, e.g. in which the phase of the carrier is modulated in a nominally instantaneous manner using a single or unspecified number of carriers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/18—Phase-modulated carrier systems, i.e. using phase-shift keying
    • H04L27/20—Modulator circuits; Transmitter circuits
    • H04L27/2032—Modulator circuits; Transmitter circuits for discrete phase modulation, e.g. in which the phase of the carrier is modulated in a nominally instantaneous manner
    • H04L27/2053—Modulator circuits; Transmitter circuits for discrete phase modulation, e.g. in which the phase of the carrier is modulated in a nominally instantaneous manner using more than one carrier, e.g. carriers with different phases
    • H04L27/206—Modulator circuits; Transmitter circuits for discrete phase modulation, e.g. in which the phase of the carrier is modulated in a nominally instantaneous manner using more than one carrier, e.g. carriers with different phases using a pair of orthogonal carriers, e.g. quadrature carriers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/32—Carrier systems characterised by combinations of two or more of the types covered by groups H04L27/02, H04L27/10, H04L27/18 or H04L27/26
    • H04L27/34—Amplitude- and phase-modulated carrier systems, e.g. quadrature-amplitude modulated carrier systems
    • H04L27/36—Modulator circuits; Transmitter circuits
    • H04L27/362—Modulation using more than one carrier, e.g. with quadrature carriers, separately amplitude modulated
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0053—Allocation of signaling, i.e. of overhead other than pilot signals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/0001—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff
    • H04L1/0023—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff characterised by the signalling
    • H04L1/0028—Formatting
    • H04L1/0031—Multiple signaling transmission
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L2001/0092—Error control systems characterised by the topology of the transmission link
    • H04L2001/0097—Relays
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0001—Arrangements for dividing the transmission path
    • H04L5/0026—Division using four or more dimensions
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0044—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path allocation of payload

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of communication technologies, and in particular, to a data transmission method and device.
  • DF decoding forwarding
  • the forwarding node After receiving the data from the previous sending node, the forwarding node needs to demodulate and decode the data, and then decide whether to forward the data according to whether the decoding is correct; if the decoding is correct, the forwarding node can The decoded data is re-encoded and modulated, and sent to the next receiving node.
  • the main problem of the DF method is that when the forwarding node decodes the data of the previous sending node incorrectly in the DF method, the forwarding node cannot forward the data, which results in a decline in forwarding performance.
  • Soft modulation can solve the above-mentioned main problems of DF.
  • the forwarding node can also forward the data when the data decoding error of the previous sending node is incorrect, thereby improving the forwarding performance.
  • the signal generated by soft modulation may not meet the requirements of IF/RF specifications of IF/RF devices.
  • soft modulation may cause the generated signal to have an excessive peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR), and soft modulation may also cause the generated signal to have an excessive error vector magnitude (EVM) ), so that the signal generated by the soft modulation may not be sent through the IF/RF device. Therefore, how to ensure the intermediate frequency/radio frequency index of the generated signal and transmit the signal generated by the soft modulation through the intermediate frequency/radio frequency device has become an urgent problem to be solved in the application of soft modulation.
  • PAPR peak-to-average power ratio
  • EVM error vector magnitude
  • Embodiments of the present application provide a data transmission method and device.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a data transmission method, including:
  • the node generates a first modulation symbol corresponding to the first modulation mode; the node quantizes the first modulation symbol to obtain a target symbol, and the target symbol corresponds to one of a plurality of constellation points of the second modulation mode; Processing the target symbol to obtain data to be sent, the preprocessing includes one or more of layer mapping, antenna port mapping, precoding, or transform precoding; the node maps the data to be transmitted to physical resources And use the physical resources to send the data to be sent.
  • the method for data transmission quantizes the soft modulation symbols generated by soft modulation to a limited number of constellation points and then transmits, thereby ensuring that the generated signal meets the intermediate radio frequency index.
  • the node generates the first modulation symbol according to the first data and/or the second data, the first modulation symbol and the first data and/or the second data satisfy the first The mapping relationship corresponding to the modulation mode; the first data includes one or more first real numbers, the first real number is greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1; the second data includes one or more second real numbers, The second real number is greater than or equal to -1 and less than or equal to 1.
  • mapping relationship corresponding to the first modulation mode is one of the following:
  • Is a first real number included in the first data Is a second real number included in the second data, Is the first modulation symbol, j is an imaginary unit;
  • j is an imaginary unit.
  • the node quantizes the sixth data to obtain the first data and/or the second data.
  • the node obtains the first data and/or the second data according to sixth data; wherein, the sixth data and the first data satisfy Where L is the sixth data, Is the first data; the sixth data and the second data satisfy Where L is the sixth data, Is the second data.
  • the second modulation mode is two-phase phase shift keying (BPSK), quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK), 16 quadrature amplitude modulation (16QAM), 64 quadrature amplitude modulation (64QAM), 256 Quadrature amplitude modulation (256QAM), 512 quadrature amplitude modulation (512QAM), or 1024 quadrature amplitude modulation (1024QAM).
  • BPSK phase shift keying
  • QPSK quadrature phase shift keying
  • 16QAM 16 quadrature amplitude modulation
  • 64QAM 64 quadrature amplitude modulation
  • 256QAM 256 Quadrature amplitude modulation
  • 512QAM 512 quadrature amplitude modulation
  • 1024 quadrature amplitude modulation 1024 quadrature amplitude modulation
  • the node receives first control information, and determines to quantize the first modulation symbol to obtain the target symbol according to the first control information; the first control information includes first indication information and/or all The identification information of the node, the identification information of the node indicates the node. Further optionally, the first indication information instructs the node to quantize the first modulation symbol to obtain the target symbol, or the first indication information indicates the second modulation mode, or, the first The indication information indicates the second modulation mode, and instructs the node to quantize the first modulation symbol to obtain the target symbol.
  • the data transmission method or the soft modulation symbol quantization method described in the first aspect can be turned on or off according to the requirements of data transmission, and the node can be notified to use an appropriate modulation method, thereby improving the robustness of data transmission.
  • the present application provides a communication device that can implement one or more corresponding functions of the node in the above-mentioned first aspect.
  • the communication device includes corresponding units or components for performing the above method.
  • the unit included in the communication device may be implemented in software and/or hardware.
  • the communication device may be, for example, a terminal, or a network device (such as a base station), or a chip, a chip system, or a processor that can support the terminal or the network device to achieve the above functions.
  • the present application provides a communication device, including: a processor coupled to a memory, where the memory is used to store a program, and when the program is executed by the processor, the communication device implements the above The method described in the first aspect.
  • the present application provides a storage medium on which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the method according to the first aspect described above is implemented.
  • the present application provides a chip system, including: a processor, configured to execute the method described in the first aspect above.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a communication system to which the method provided by this application is applied;
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of an example of an architecture of a communication system
  • FIG. 3A shows a first possible scenario to which the embodiments provided in this application apply
  • FIG. 3B shows a second possible scenario to which the embodiments provided in this application are applicable
  • FIG. 3C shows a third possible scenario to which the embodiments provided in this application are applicable.
  • FIG. 3D shows a fourth possible scenario to which the embodiments provided in this application are applicable.
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic flowchart of a data sending method provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic block diagram of a quantized soft modulation symbol provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • 6A shows a schematic diagram of a soft modulation modulation constellation point provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • 6B shows a schematic diagram of another soft modulation modulation constellation point provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7A shows a schematic diagram of the first soft modulation constellation point before and after quantization provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 7B shows a schematic diagram before and after the second soft modulation constellation point quantization provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 8A shows a schematic diagram before and after the third soft modulation constellation point quantization provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 8B shows a schematic diagram before and after quantization of a fourth soft modulation constellation point provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 9A shows a schematic diagram before and after the fifth soft modulation constellation point quantization provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9B shows a schematic diagram before and after the sixth soft modulation constellation point quantization provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 shows a schematic diagram of a quantization process provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of another quantization process provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 12 shows a schematic diagram of interaction between nodes provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 13 shows another schematic diagram of interaction between nodes provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 14 shows a schematic block diagram of a quantized hard modulation symbol provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • 16 shows a schematic block diagram of a quantized soft information provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • 17 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • 19 is a schematic diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of a communication system structure.
  • the communication system includes one or more network devices (for clarity, the network device 10 and the network device 20 are shown in the figure), and one or more terminal devices that communicate with the one or more network devices.
  • the terminal device 11 and the terminal device 12 shown in FIG. 1 communicate with the network device 10, and the terminal device 21 and the terminal device 22 shown communicate with the network device 20.
  • the technology described in the embodiments of the present invention may be used in various communication systems, such as 2G, 3G, 4G, 4.5G, and 5G communication systems, systems in which multiple communication systems are integrated, or future evolution networks.
  • LTE long term evolution
  • NR new radio
  • WiFi wireless fidelity
  • 3GPP 3rd generation partnership project
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of a possible architecture example of a communication system.
  • the network devices in the radio access network RAN are a centralized unit (CU) and distributed unit (DU) separate architecture.
  • Base station such as gNB
  • the RAN may be connected to the core network (for example, it may be an LTE core network or a 5G core network, etc.).
  • CU and DU can be understood as a division of the base station from the perspective of logical functions.
  • the CU and DU can be physically separated or deployed together. Multiple DUs can share a CU.
  • One DU can also be connected to multiple CUs (not shown).
  • CU and DU can be connected through an interface, for example, can be F1 interface.
  • CU and DU can be divided according to the protocol layer of the wireless network.
  • the functions of the packet data convergence layer protocol (packet data convergence protocol, PDCP) layer and the radio resource control (radio resource control (RRC) layer) are set in the CU, while the radio link control (radio link control (RLC), media access control (media access control, MAC) layer, physical (physical) layer and other functions are set in DU.
  • RLC radio link control
  • MAC media access control
  • MAC media access control
  • DU physical (physical) layer
  • the division of the CU and DU processing functions according to this protocol layer is only an example, and can also be divided in other ways.
  • CU or DU can be divided into functions with more protocol layers.
  • CU or DU can also be divided into some processing functions with a protocol layer.
  • the functions of the CU or DU can also be divided according to service types or other system requirements. For example, according to the delay division, the function whose processing time needs to meet the delay requirement is set in the DU, and the function that does not need to meet the delay requirement is set in the CU.
  • the network architecture shown in FIG. 2 can be applied to a 5G communication system, and it can also share one or more components or resources with an LTE system.
  • the CU may also have one or more functions of the core network.
  • One or more CUs can be set centrally or separately.
  • the CU can be set on the network side to facilitate centralized management.
  • the DU can have multiple radio frequency functions, and the radio frequency functions can also be set remotely.
  • the function of the CU can be realized by one entity, or the control plane (CP) and the user plane (UP) can be further separated, that is, the control plane (CU-CP) and the user plane (CU-UP) of the CU can be composed of different functions It is implemented by an entity, and the CU-CP and CU-UP can be coupled with the DU to jointly complete the functions of the base station.
  • the network device may be any device with wireless transceiver function. Including but not limited to: evolved base station (NodeB or eNB or e-NodeB, evolved Node B) in LTE, base station (gNodeB or gNB) or transmission point (transmission reception/transmission reception point, TRP) in NR, 3GPP Subsequent evolved base stations, access nodes in WiFi systems, wireless relay nodes, wireless backhaul nodes, etc.
  • the base station may be: a macro base station, a micro base station, a pico base station, a small station, a relay station, or a balloon station. Multiple base stations may support the network of the same technology mentioned above, or may support the network of different technologies mentioned above.
  • the base station may contain one or more co-sited or non-co-sited TRPs.
  • the network device may also be a wireless controller, CU, and/or DU in a cloud radio access network (CRAN) scenario.
  • the network device may also be a server, a wearable device, or a vehicle-mounted device.
  • the following uses a network device as a base station as an example.
  • the multiple network devices may be base stations of the same type or base stations of different types.
  • the base station can communicate with the terminal device, or can communicate with the terminal device through the relay station.
  • the terminal device can communicate with multiple base stations of different technologies. For example, the terminal device can communicate with a base station supporting an LTE network, a base station supporting a 5G network, a base station supporting an LTE network and a base station of a 5G network. Double connection.
  • the terminal is a device with wireless transceiver function, which can be deployed on land, including indoor or outdoor, handheld, wearable, or vehicle-mounted; it can also be deployed on the water (such as ships, etc.); it can also be deployed in the air (such as aircraft, balloons And satellite first class).
  • the terminal may be a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a computer with wireless transceiver function, a virtual reality (VR) terminal device, an augmented reality (AR) terminal device, and industrial control (industrial) wireless terminal in control, wireless terminal in vehicle, wireless terminal in self-driving (self-driving), wireless terminal in remote medical (remote medical), wireless terminal in smart grid (smart grid), transportation safety (transportation safety) ), wireless terminals in smart cities, wireless terminals in smart cities, wireless terminals in smart homes, wearable terminal devices, etc.
  • the embodiments of the present application do not limit the application scenarios.
  • Terminals are sometimes referred to as terminal equipment, user equipment (UE), access terminal equipment, vehicle-mounted terminals, industrial control terminals, UE units, UE stations, mobile stations, mobile stations, remote stations, remote terminal equipment, mobile Equipment, UE terminal equipment, terminal equipment, wireless communication equipment, UE agents or UE devices, etc.
  • the terminal may also be fixed or mobile.
  • the embodiments of the present application can be applied to a multi-hop data transmission scenario.
  • FIG. 3A shows a possible data transmission scenario to which the embodiments of the present application can be applied.
  • Three nodes are illustrated in FIG. 3A: a source node (ie, S node), a relay node (ie, R1 node, which may also be called a forwarding node), and a destination node (ie, D node).
  • S node a source node
  • R1 node a relay node
  • D node ie, D node
  • the S node wants to send the target data to the D node, but for some reasons (for example, the S node and the D node are too far apart, there is an obstruction between the S node and the D node, and the channel conditions between the S node and the D node are poor Etc.), the S node needs to send the target data to the R1 node, and then the R1 node forwards it to the D node.
  • the data transmission scenario illustrated in FIG. 3A can be understood as a two-hop data transmission scenario, that is, the first hop is from the S node to the R1 node, and the second hop is from the R1 node to the D node.
  • FIG. 3B shows another possible data transmission scenario to which the embodiments of the present application can be applied.
  • Four nodes are illustrated in FIG. 3B: a source node (ie, S node), two relay nodes (ie, R1 and R2 nodes, which may also be called two forwarding nodes), and a destination node (ie, D node).
  • S node a source node
  • R1 and R2 nodes which may also be called two forwarding nodes
  • D node ie, D node
  • the S node wants to send the target data to the D node, but for some reasons (for example, the S node and the D node are too far apart, there is an obstruction between the S node and the D node, and the channel conditions between the S node and the D node are poor Etc.), the S node needs to send the target data to the R1 node and/or R2 node first, and then the R1 node and/or R2 node forwards it to the D node.
  • 3B can be understood as a two-hop data transmission scenario, that is, the first hop is from the S node to the R1 node and/or R2 node, and the second hop is from the R1 node and/or R2 node to the D node .
  • FIG. 3C shows another possible data transmission scenario to which the embodiments of the present application can be applied.
  • Four nodes are illustrated in FIG. 3C: a source node (ie, S node), two relay nodes (ie, R1 and R2 nodes, which may also be called two forwarding nodes), and a destination node (ie, D node).
  • the S node wants to send the target data to the D node, but for some reasons (for example, the S node and the D node are too far apart, there is an obstruction between the S node and the D node, the channel conditions between the S node and the D node are poor Etc.), the S node needs to send the target data to the R1 node first, which is forwarded to the R2 node by the R1 node, and then forwarded to the D node by the R2 node.
  • the data transmission scenario illustrated in FIG. 3C can be understood as a three-hop data transmission scenario, that is, the first hop is from S node to R1 node, the second hop is from R1 node to R2 node, and the third hop is from R2 node to D node.
  • FIG. 3D shows another possible data transmission scenario to which the embodiments of the present application can be applied.
  • Five nodes are illustrated in FIG. 3C: a source node (ie, S node), three relay nodes (ie, R1 node, R2 node, and R3 node, which may also be referred to as three forwarding nodes), and a destination node (ie Node D).
  • the S node wants to send the target data to the D node, but for some reasons (for example, the S node and the D node are too far apart, there is an obstruction between the S node and the D node, and the channel conditions between the S node and the D node are poor Etc.), the S node needs to send the target data to the R1 node first, which is forwarded to the R2 node and/or R3 node by the R1 node, and then forwarded to the D node by the R2 node and/or R3 node.
  • 3D can be understood as a three-hop data transmission scenario, that is, the first hop is from the S node to the R1 node, the second hop is from the R1 node to the R2 node and/or R3 node, and the third hop is From R2 node and/or R3 node to D node.
  • FIGS. 3A to 3D are only schematic functions, and the embodiments of the present application do not limit the number of hops and the number of relay nodes in a multi-hop data transmission scenario.
  • the source node may be a network device or a terminal; the relay node may be a network device or a terminal; and the destination node may be a network device or a terminal.
  • the embodiments of the present application can also be used in a single-hop data transmission scenario (that is, target data goes from a source node to a destination node).
  • the forwarding node in the above multi-hop data transmission scenario needs to forward the data to the next receiving node (the next receiving node may be another forwarding node or a destination node).
  • the forwarding node forwarding data includes decoding forwarding (DF).
  • DF decoding forwarding
  • the forwarding node demodulates and decodes the data after receiving the data from the previous sending node, and then decides whether to forward the data according to the correctness of the decoding; if the decoding is correct, the forwarding node can interpret the data
  • the coded data is re-encoded and modulated, and sent to the next receiving node; if the decoding error, the forwarding node does not forward the data.
  • the forwarding node In the DF mode, when the forwarding node decodes the data of the previous sending node incorrectly, the forwarding node cannot forward the data, which results in a decline in forwarding performance.
  • Soft modulation can solve the above-mentioned main problems of DF.
  • the forwarding node can also forward the data when the data decoding error of the previous sending node is incorrect, thereby improving the forwarding performance.
  • the signal generated by soft modulation may not meet the requirements of IF/RF specifications of IF/RF devices.
  • soft modulation may cause the generated signal to have an excessive peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR), and soft modulation may also cause the generated signal to have an excessive error vector magnitude (EVM) ), so that the signal generated by the soft modulation may not be sent through the IF/RF device. Therefore, how to ensure that the generated signal meets the IF/RF index and send out the signal generated by soft modulation through the IF/RF device has become an urgent problem to be solved in the application of soft modulation.
  • PAPR peak-to-average power ratio
  • EVM error vector magnitude
  • the method and apparatus for data transmission provided by the embodiments of the present application quantize the soft modulation symbols generated by soft modulation to a limited number of constellation points and then transmit, thereby ensuring that the generated signal meets the intermediate radio frequency index.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic flowchart of a data sending method according to an embodiment of the present application. It can be understood that the data sent by the data sending method in the embodiment of the present application may be data containing control information, data containing service information, or data containing both control information and service information. As shown in FIG. 4, the method of this embodiment may include:
  • Part 400 The node generates a first modulation symbol corresponding to the first modulation method. It can be understood that the node in the embodiment of the present application may be a terminal or a network device.
  • Part 410 The node quantizes the first modulation symbol to obtain a target symbol, where the target symbol corresponds to one of a plurality of constellation points in the second modulation mode.
  • the node preprocesses the target symbol to obtain data to be sent, and the preprocessing includes one or more of layer mapping, antenna port mapping, precoding, or transform precoding.
  • the above preprocessing can be understood as a processing operation that needs to be completed before mapping the above target symbol to a physical resource.
  • the node maps the data to be sent to physical resources, and uses the physical resources to send the data to be sent.
  • the physical resources may include one or more of time domain resources, frequency domain resources, code domain resources, or air domain resources.
  • the time domain resource included in the physical resource may include at least one frame, at least one sub-frame, at least one slot, at least one mini-slot, or at least one Time domain symbols, etc.
  • the frequency domain resources included in the physical resources may include at least one carrier, at least one component carrier (CC), at least one bandwidth part (BWP), and at least one resource block group (resource block (group, RBG), at least one physical resource-block group (PRG), at least one resource block (RB), or at least one sub-carrier (SC), etc.
  • the airspace resource included in the physical resource may include at least one beam, at least one port, at least one antenna port, or at least one layer/space layer, and so on.
  • the code domain resource included in the physical resource may include at least one orthogonal cover code (OCC) or at least one non-orthogonal multiple access code (NOMA).
  • the above physical resources may be baseband physical resources, and the baseband physical resources may be used by the baseband chip; the above physical resources may also be air interface physical resources; the above physical resources may also be intermediate frequency or radio frequency physical resources .
  • FIG. 4 shows a method of quantizing soft modulation symbols generated by soft modulation into hard modulation symbols, and transmitting the quantized hard modulation symbols.
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic block diagram of quantizing soft modulation symbols generated by soft modulation into hard modulation symbols and transmitting the quantized hard modulation symbols provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the process of soft modulation is to modulate input soft information, and after soft modulation, a first modulation symbol is output, and the first modulation symbol may also be called a soft modulation symbol.
  • the first modulation symbol is quantized to obtain a target symbol, and the target symbol may also be referred to as a hard modulation symbol.
  • preprocess the target symbol (where the preprocessing process includes one or more of layer mapping, antenna port mapping, precoding, or transforming precoding) to obtain the data to be sent, and then Sending data is mapped to physical resources (that is, performing resource mapping), and the data to be sent is sent using the physical resources.
  • the preprocessing process includes one or more of layer mapping, antenna port mapping, precoding, or transforming precoding
  • the soft information illustrated in FIG. 5 may be the soft information directly obtained during the process of demodulating and/or decoding the data of the previous sending node by the forwarding node, or may be the process of demodulating and/or decoding
  • the soft information directly obtained in the process is processed and further obtained.
  • the soft information directly obtained during the above data demodulation and/or decoding process may be the probability of one or more modulation symbols obtained by demodulation, and/or the probability of one or more decoding bits obtained by decoding .
  • the soft modulation symbols generated by soft modulation can be quantized to a limited number of constellation points and then transmitted, so that a lower PAPR and/or a lower EVM can be obtained, which can simultaneously Ensure the intermediate radio frequency index, so that the signal generated by the soft modulation can be sent out through the intermediate frequency/radio frequency device.
  • the first modulation method in the above 400 part can be understood as the modulation method used in the soft modulation illustrated in FIG. 5.
  • the soft modulation symbol ie, the first modulation symbol shown in FIG. 5
  • the soft modulation symbol can be obtained through soft modulation.
  • the node generates the first modulation symbol according to the first data and/or the second data, the first modulation symbol and the first data and/or the second data satisfy the first modulation
  • the mapping relationship corresponding to the mode includes one or more first real numbers, the first real number is greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1, the first real number may also be referred to as soft bit information (that is, the soft information illustrated in FIG. 5 One possible form).
  • the second data includes one or more second real numbers that are greater than or equal to -1 and less than or equal to 1.
  • the second real number may also be referred to as soft symbol information (that is, the soft A possible form of information).
  • the first modulation symbol and the first data and/or the second data satisfy a mapping relationship (different mapping relationships correspond to different modulation methods), and may also be understood as the first modulation symbol and the first The data and/or the second data satisfy a functional relationship.
  • the mapping relationship can be understood as the mapping relationship implemented by the modulation module in FIG. 5.
  • the first modulation symbol and the first data and/or the second data satisfy a mapping relationship
  • the first modulation symbol and the first data satisfy a mapping relationship
  • mapping relationship is among them, Is a first real number included in the first data, For the first modulation symbol, j is an imaginary unit.
  • the mapping relationship can be understood as the mapping relationship satisfied by the first modulation symbol and the first data when the modulation module in FIG. 5 adopts a binary phase shift keying (BPSK) modulation method.
  • the node inputs the first real number according to the mapping relationship And generate a complex first modulation symbol
  • soft modulation also known as BPSK soft modulation
  • BPSK modulation can be achieved by BPSK modulation, which reduces the complexity of implementing soft modulation.
  • mapping relationship is among them, with Are the two first real numbers included in the first data, For the first modulation symbol, j is an imaginary unit.
  • the mapping relationship can be understood as the mapping relationship satisfied by the first modulation symbol and the first data when the modulation module in FIG. 5 adopts a quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) modulation method.
  • QPSK quadrature phase shift keying
  • the node inputs the first real number according to the mapping relationship with And generate a complex first modulation symbol Understandably, May not equal Can also be equal to This application for the first real number with
  • the size relationship is not limited.
  • soft modulation also referred to as QPSK soft modulation
  • QPSK soft modulation can be implemented through the QPSK modulation method, which reduces the implementation complexity of soft modulation.
  • mapping relationship is among them, with Are the four first real numbers included in the first data, For the first modulation symbol, j is an imaginary unit.
  • the mapping relationship can be understood as the mapping relationship satisfied by the first modulation symbol and the first data when the modulation module in FIG. 5 adopts a 16 quadrature amplitude modulation (16 quadrature amplitude modulation, 16QAM) modulation method.
  • the node inputs the first real number according to the mapping relationship with And generate a complex first modulation symbol It is understandable that the first real number with The size relationship is not limited.
  • soft modulation also referred to as 16QAM soft modulation
  • 16QAM soft modulation can be implemented through the 16QAM modulation method, which reduces the complexity of implementing soft modulation.
  • mapping relationship is among them, with Are the six first real numbers included in the first data, For the first modulation symbol, j is an imaginary unit.
  • the mapping relationship can be understood as the mapping relationship satisfied by the first modulation symbol and the first data when the modulation module in FIG. 5 uses a 64 quadrature amplitude modulation (64 quadrature amplitude modulation, 64QAM) modulation method.
  • the node inputs the first real number according to the mapping relationship with And generate a complex first modulation symbol It is understandable that the first real number with The size relationship is not limited.
  • soft modulation also referred to as 64QAM soft modulation
  • 64QAM soft modulation can be realized by 64QAM modulation, which reduces the complexity of soft modulation implementation.
  • mapping relationship in the above embodiment may also be a mapping relationship satisfied by the first modulation symbol and the first data corresponding to other modulation methods, for example, other modulation methods may be 256QAM, 512QAM, 1024QAM, Or pi/2-BPSK, etc., this embodiment of the present application does not limit this.
  • the first modulation symbol and the second data satisfy a mapping relationship
  • the first modulation symbol and the second data satisfy a mapping relationship
  • mapping relationship is among them, Is a second real number included in the second data, For the first modulation symbol, j is an imaginary unit.
  • the mapping relationship can be understood as the mapping relationship satisfied by the first modulation symbol and the second data when the modulation module in FIG. 5 adopts the BPSK modulation mode.
  • the node inputs the second real number according to the mapping relationship And generate a complex first modulation symbol
  • soft modulation also known as BPSK soft modulation
  • BPSK soft modulation can be achieved by BPSK modulation, which reduces the complexity of implementing soft modulation.
  • mapping relationship is among them, with For the two second real numbers included in the second data, For the first modulation symbol, j is an imaginary unit.
  • the mapping relationship can be understood as the mapping relationship satisfied by the first modulation symbol and the second data when the modulation module in FIG. 5 uses the QPSK modulation mode.
  • the node inputs the second real number according to the mapping relationship with And generate a complex first modulation symbol Understandably, May not equal Can also be equal to This application for the second real number with
  • the size relationship is not limited.
  • soft modulation also referred to as QPSK soft modulation
  • QPSK soft modulation can be implemented through the QPSK modulation method, which reduces the implementation complexity of soft modulation.
  • mapping relationship is among them, with Are the four second real numbers included in the second data,
  • j is an imaginary unit.
  • the mapping relationship can be understood as the mapping relationship satisfied by the first modulation symbol and the second data when the modulation module in FIG. 5 adopts the 16QAM modulation mode.
  • the node inputs the second real number according to the mapping relationship with And generate a complex first modulation symbol It is understandable that the second real number with The size relationship is not limited.
  • soft modulation also referred to as 16QAM soft modulation
  • 16QAM soft modulation can be implemented through the 16QAM modulation method, which reduces the complexity of implementing soft modulation.
  • mapping relationship is among them, with For the six second real numbers included in the second data, For the first modulation symbol, j is an imaginary unit.
  • the mapping relationship can be understood as the mapping relationship satisfied by the first modulation symbol and the second data when the modulation module in FIG. 5 uses the 64QAM modulation mode.
  • the node inputs the second real number according to the mapping relationship with And generate a complex first modulation symbol It is understandable that the second real number with The size relationship is not limited.
  • soft modulation also referred to as 64QAM soft modulation
  • 64QAM soft modulation can be realized by 64QAM modulation, which reduces the complexity of soft modulation implementation.
  • mapping relationship in the above embodiment may also be a mapping relationship satisfied by the first modulation symbol and the second data corresponding to other modulation methods, for example, other modulation methods may be 256QAM, 512QAM, 1024QAM, Or pi/2-BPSK, etc., this embodiment of the present application does not limit this.
  • the first modulation symbol and the first data and/or the second data satisfy a mapping relationship
  • the first modulation symbol and the first data and the second The data satisfies the mapping relationship
  • mapping relationship is among them, Is a first real number included in the first data, Is a second real number included in the second data,
  • j is an imaginary unit.
  • the mapping relationship can be understood as the mapping relationship satisfied by the first modulation symbol and the first data and the second data when the modulation module in FIG. 5 uses the QPSK modulation mode.
  • the node inputs the first real number according to the mapping relationship And the second real number And generate a complex first modulation symbol Understandably, May not equal Can also be equal to This application for the first real number And the second real number
  • the size relationship is not limited.
  • soft modulation also referred to as QPSK soft modulation
  • QPSK soft modulation can be implemented through the QPSK modulation method, which reduces the implementation complexity of soft modulation.
  • mapping relationship is among them, with Are the two first real numbers included in the first data, with For the two second real numbers included in the second data, For the first modulation symbol, j is an imaginary unit.
  • the mapping relationship can be understood as the mapping relationship satisfied by the first modulation symbol and the first data and the second data when the modulation module in FIG. 5 adopts the 16QAM modulation mode.
  • the node inputs the first real number according to the mapping relationship with And the second real number with And generate a complex first modulation symbol It is understandable that the first real number with And the second real number with The size relationship is not limited.
  • soft modulation also referred to as 16QAM soft modulation
  • 16QAM soft modulation can be implemented through the 16QAM modulation method, which reduces the complexity of implementing soft modulation.
  • mapping relationship in the above embodiment may also be a mapping relationship satisfied by the first modulation symbol and the first data and the second data corresponding to other modulation methods, for example, other modulation methods may be BPSK, 64QAM, 256QAM, 512QAM, 1024QAM, or pi/2-BPSK, etc., which are not limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • other modulation methods may be BPSK, 64QAM, 256QAM, 512QAM, 1024QAM, or pi/2-BPSK, etc., which are not limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the above embodiment does not limit the specific positions of the first data and the second data in the mapping relationship in the mapping relationship, as long as the first data and the The second data belongs to the protection scope of the embodiments of the present application.
  • the node may obtain the first data and/or the second data according to sixth data.
  • the sixth data can be understood as the original soft information obtained by the node demodulating or decoding the data of the previous sending node.
  • the sixth data includes one or more sixth real numbers, and the value of the sixth real number
  • the range is between A and B. It can be understood that the range between A and B is generally greater than the range between 0 and 1 or the range between -1 and 1, for example, A means negative infinity, B means positive infinity, or A means -30, B means 30, etc., the embodiments of the present application do not limit the specific values of A and B.
  • the sixth data and the first data satisfy
  • L is the sixth data (can also be understood as a sixth real number included in the sixth data)
  • Is the first data can also be understood as a first real number included in the first data
  • the It is a real number greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1.
  • the original soft information for example, negative infinity to positive infinity
  • the forwarding node can be compressed to a range of 0 to 1, thereby reducing subsequent operations (such as modulation) Complexity.
  • the node quantizes the sixth data to obtain the first data.
  • the first data may be obtained by quantizing the sixth data using the table shown in Table 1.
  • the left column in Table 1 illustrates the value interval of several sixth data L (which can also be understood as a sixth real number included in the sixth data), where A and B represent the lower limit and upper limit of L, respectively Value, c k represents a positive real number, -c k represents a negative real number, k is an integer greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to N, [a, b] indicates that the value range is greater than or equal to a and less than or equal to b , [A, b) means that the value interval is greater than or equal to a and less than b.
  • the right column in Table 1 shows several kinds of first data (It can also be understood as the value of a first real number included in the first data), where d l represents a real number greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1, l is an integer greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 2N .
  • the node obtains the sixth data L, determines which value interval of the left column of Table 1 the value of the sixth data L falls into, and determines that the value of the right column of Table 1 corresponding to the value interval is the sixth
  • the first data after the data L is quantized Value.
  • Table 1 only illustrates one possible sixth data L and the first data
  • the representation form of the corresponding relationship between the embodiments of the present application does not limit the specific sixth data L and the first data
  • the expression form of the correspondence relationship between the other possible expression forms of the correspondence relationship also belongs to the protection category of the embodiments of the present application.
  • the value interval of the sixth data L shown in Table 1 may be obtained by dividing the interval [A, B] evenly, or may be obtained by dividing the interval [A, B] unevenly. This is not limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the original soft information with a wide range of values obtained by the forwarding node (eg, a range of negative infinity to positive infinity) can be compressed to a range of 0 to 1 through a simple quantization method, so that the forwarding node No complicated operations are required, and the complexity of subsequent operations (such as modulation) can be reduced.
  • the sixth data and the second data satisfy
  • L is the sixth data (can also be understood as a sixth real number included in the sixth data)
  • Is the second data may also be understood as a second real number included in the second data
  • the It is a real number greater than or equal to -1 and less than or equal to 1.
  • the original soft information with a wide range of values obtained by the forwarding node for example, the range of negative infinity to positive infinity
  • the node quantizes the sixth data to obtain the second data.
  • the table shown in Table 2 may be used to quantize the sixth data to obtain the second data.
  • the left column in Table 2 illustrates the value interval of several sixth data L (which can also be understood as a sixth real number included in the sixth data), where A′ and B′ denote the lower limit of L and Upper limit, c′ k represents a positive real number, -c′ k represents a negative real number, k is an integer greater than 0 and less than or equal to N’, [a′, b′] indicates that the value interval is greater than or equal to a 'And less than or equal to b', [a', b') means that the value interval is greater than or equal to a'and less than b'.
  • the right column in Table 2 shows several kinds of second data (It may also be understood as a second real number included in the second data), where d′ l represents a real number greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1, and -d′ l represents a greater than or equal to -1 and Real numbers less than or equal to 0, l is an integer greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to N'.
  • the node obtains the sixth data L, determines which value interval of the left column of Table 2 the value of the sixth data L falls into, and determines that the value of the right column of Table 2 corresponding to the value interval is the sixth
  • the second data after the data L is quantized Value.
  • Table 2 only illustrates one possible sixth data L and second data
  • the representation form of the corresponding relationship between the embodiments of the present application does not limit the specific sixth data L and the second data
  • the expression form of the correspondence relationship between the other possible expression forms of the correspondence relationship also belongs to the protection category of the embodiments of the present application.
  • the value interval of the sixth data L shown in Table 2 can be obtained by dividing the interval [A′, B′] evenly, or by non-interval of the interval [A′, B′]. Evenly divided, the embodiment of the present application does not limit this.
  • the original soft information with a wide range of values obtained by the forwarding node (for example, the range of negative infinity to positive infinity) can be compressed to a range of -1 to 1 through a simple quantization method, so that forwarding Nodes do not need to do complicated operations, and can reduce the complexity of subsequent operations (such as modulation).
  • the sixth data and the first data satisfy The sixth data and the second data satisfy
  • L is the sixth data (can also be understood as a sixth real number included in the sixth data)
  • Is the first data can also be understood as a first real number included in the first data
  • Is the second data may also be understood as a second real number included in the second data
  • the It is a real number greater than or equal to -1 and less than or equal to 1.
  • the original soft information with a wide range of values obtained by the forwarding node can be compressed to the range of 0 to 1 and -1 to 1, which can reduce the subsequent The complexity of the operation (eg modulation).
  • the node quantizes the sixth data to obtain the first data and The second data.
  • the first data and the second data may be obtained by quantizing the sixth data using the tables shown in Table 1 and Table 2.
  • Table 1 and Table 2 For the specific quantization process, refer to the foregoing description of Table 1 and Table 2, I won't repeat them here.
  • the original soft information with a wide range of values obtained by the forwarding node (such as the range of negative infinity to positive infinity) can be compressed to the range of 0 to 1 and -1 to 1 by a simple quantization method , So that the forwarding node does not need to do complicated operations, and can reduce the complexity of subsequent operations (such as modulation).
  • the node quantizes the sixth data to obtain the first data, And the sixth data and the second data satisfy
  • L is the sixth data (can also be understood as a sixth real number included in the sixth data)
  • Is the second data may also be understood as a second real number included in the second data
  • the It is a real number greater than or equal to -1 and less than or equal to 1.
  • the first data may be obtained by quantizing the sixth data using the table shown in Table 1. For the specific quantization process, reference may be made to the foregoing description of Table 1, and details are not described herein.
  • the original soft information (for example, negative infinity to positive infinity) obtained by the forwarding node can be compressed into the range of 0 to 1 and -1 to 1, thereby enabling forwarding Nodes do not need to do complicated operations, and can reduce the complexity of subsequent operations (such as modulation).
  • the node quantizes the sixth data to obtain the second data, And the sixth data meets the first data
  • L is the sixth data (can also be understood as a sixth real number included in the sixth data)
  • Is the first data can also be understood as a first real number included in the first data
  • the It is a real number greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1.
  • the second data may be obtained by quantizing the sixth data using the table shown in Table 2. For the specific quantization process, reference may be made to the foregoing description of Table 2, and details are not described herein.
  • the original soft information (for example, negative infinity to positive infinity) obtained by the forwarding node can be compressed into the range of 0 to 1 and -1 to 1, thereby enabling forwarding Nodes do not need to do complicated operations, and can reduce the complexity of subsequent operations (such as modulation).
  • QPSK hard modulation can only generate one of the four constellation points on the complex plane (such as the four constellation points shown in FIG. 6A); and through the soft modulation described in section 400 above, QPSK soft modulation can generate the complex plane Four constellation points and one of any constellation points on the plane formed by the four constellation points (as shown in FIG. 6A, any constellation points on the plane formed by the four constellation points are indicated by slashes).
  • 16QAM hard modulation can only generate one of the 16 constellation points on the complex plane (16 constellation points shown in FIG. 6B); and through the soft modulation described in section 400 above, 16QAM soft modulation can generate the complex plane 16 constellation points, and any one of the constellation points on the plane formed by the constellation points at 4 corners of the 16 constellation points (as shown in FIG. 6B, the Any constellation point is indicated by a slash shadow).
  • FIGS. 6A and 6B are also applicable to other modulation methods, such as BPSK, 64QAM, 256QAM, 512QAM, 1024QAM, and pi/2-BPSK.
  • soft modulation and hard modulation are just the names of two different modulation methods in the embodiments of the present application, and do not affect the protection scope of the embodiments of the present application. Any modulation method that is substantially the same as the embodiments of the present application but has a different name All belong to the protection scope of this application.
  • the node quantizes the first modulation symbol obtained in part 400 to obtain a target symbol, the target symbol corresponding to one of a plurality of constellation points of the second modulation mode, where the second modulation mode is BPSK , QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM, 256QAM, 512QAM, or 1024QAM.
  • This process can also be understood as quantizing the soft modulation symbols obtained by soft modulation into hard modulation symbols corresponding to hard modulation. Since the first modulation symbol and the target symbol correspond to constellation points (or modulation constellation points) on the complex plane, the process can also be understood as quantization of constellation points obtained by soft modulation into constellation points corresponding to hard modulation.
  • the modulation order of the above hard modulation is higher than that of the above soft modulation.
  • the left side of FIG. 7A illustrates the possible constellation points obtained by QPSK soft modulation (refer to the description in FIG. 6A for details), and the right side of FIG. 7A illustrates the possible constellation points obtained by 16QAM hard modulation.
  • the number is higher than the modulation order of QPSK.
  • the node may quantize a constellation point within the shaded range shown on the left side of FIG. 7A into one of the 16 constellation points shown on the right side of FIG. 7A.
  • the star constellation points in the shaded range shown on the left side of FIG. 7B as an example, the node can quantize the star constellation points into star constellation points among the 16 constellation points shown on the right side of FIG.
  • the modulation order of the above hard modulation is equal to the modulation order of the above soft modulation.
  • the left side of FIG. 8A illustrates the possible constellation points obtained by QPSK soft modulation (refer to the description in FIG. 6A for details), and the right side of FIG. 8A illustrates the possible constellation points of QPSK hard modulation.
  • the number is equal to the modulation order of QPSK.
  • the node may quantize one constellation point within the shaded range shown on the left side of FIG. 8A into one of the four constellation points shown on the right side of FIG. 8A.
  • the star constellation points in the shaded area illustrated on the left side of FIG. 8B as an example, the node can quantize the star constellation points into star constellation points among the four constellation points shown on the right side of FIG. 8B.
  • the modulation order of the above hard modulation is lower than that of the above soft modulation.
  • the left side of FIG. 9A illustrates the possible constellation points obtained by QPSK soft modulation (refer to the description in FIG. 6A for details), and the right side of FIG. 9A illustrates the possible constellation points obtained by BPSK hard modulation.
  • the number is lower than the modulation order of QPSK.
  • the node may quantize one constellation point within the shaded range shown on the left side of FIG. 9A into one of the two constellation points shown on the right side of FIG. 9A.
  • the star constellation point in the shaded area shown on the left side of FIG. 9B as an example, the node can quantize the star constellation point into a star constellation point among the two constellation points shown on the right side of FIG.
  • FIG. 10 illustrates a possible implementation manner of the foregoing section 410, including:
  • Part 1000 Perform a first operation on the first real part value and the first parameter (the first parameter can be expressed as ⁇ ) to obtain the second real part value, and the first imaginary part value and the first parameter Perform the first operation to obtain a second imaginary part value.
  • the first real part takes the value of the real part of the first modulation symbol (also called soft modulation symbol)
  • the first imaginary part takes the value of the first modulation symbol (also called soft modulation)
  • Part 1000 can be understood as pre-quantization of soft modulation symbols.
  • the first operation is a multiplication operation, a division operation, an addition operation, or a subtraction operation.
  • Part 1010 quantizing the second real part value to obtain a third real part value, and quantizing the second imaginary part value to obtain a third imaginary part value.
  • Part 1010 can be understood as the quantization process performed on the soft modulation symbols.
  • Part 1020 Perform a second operation on the third real part value and the first parameter to obtain a target real part value, and perform a second operation on the third imaginary part value and the first parameter Get the value of the target imaginary part.
  • the real value of the target is taken as the real part of the target symbol (may also be called a hard modulation symbol), and the real value of the target is taken as the imaginary part of the target symbol (also called the hard modulation symbol) value.
  • the second operation is the inverse operation of the first operation (that is, if the first operation is a multiplication operation, the second operation is a division operation; if the first operation is a division operation, the first operation The second operation is a multiplication operation; if the first operation is an addition operation, the second operation is a subtraction operation; if the first operation is a subtraction operation, then the second operation is an addition operation).
  • Part 1020 can be understood as post-quantization processing on soft modulation symbols.
  • the quantized target symbol can be kept in the same dimension as the symbol of the first modulation method (that is, the first modulation symbol).
  • the first parameter in FIG. 10 can be understood as an adjustment factor, and the role of the adjustment factor can be understood as adapting the value range of the above soft modulation symbol to the value range of the above hard modulation symbol.
  • the first parameter ⁇ may be determined according to the modulation method of the soft modulation symbol and the modulation method of the hard modulation symbol. For example, the value of the first parameter ⁇ may be as shown in Table 3.
  • Table 3 only illustrates one possible value of the first parameter, and the first parameter may also have other values.
  • the value of the first parameter may also be the reciprocal of the value in Table 3.
  • Table 3 only illustrates one possible representation of the relationship between the value of the first parameter and the modulation method of the soft modulation symbol and the modulation method of the hard modulation symbol. Other representations also belong to the implementation of this application. Examples of protection.
  • the third real part value may be determined according to the value range to which the second real part value belongs, and the value may be determined according to the value range to which the second imaginary part value belongs to Said the value of the third imaginary part.
  • Table 4 illustrates a possible value range of the second real part and the first The correspondence between the values of the three real parts, and the correspondence between the range of the values of the second imaginary part and the values of the third imaginary part. According to the value of the second real part, determine which value range of the left column of Table 4 the value of the second real part falls into, and determine the value of the right column of Table 4 corresponding to the value range as the second The third real part value after the real part value is quantized.
  • the value of the second imaginary part determine which range of values in the left column of Table 4 the second imaginary part falls into, and determine that the value in the right column of Table 4 corresponding to the range of values is the second
  • the third imaginary part value after the imaginary part value is quantized.
  • Table 5 illustrates a possible value range of the second real part and the first The correspondence between the values of the three real parts, and the correspondence between the range of the values of the second imaginary part and the values of the third imaginary part. According to the value of the second real part, determine which range of values in the left column of Table 5 the second real part falls into, and determine that the value in the right column of Table 5 corresponding to the range of values is the second The third real part value after the real part value is quantized.
  • the value of the second imaginary part determine which range of values in the left column of Table 5 the second imaginary part falls into, and determine that the value in the right column of Table 5 corresponding to the range of values is the second
  • the third imaginary part value after the imaginary part value is quantized.
  • the value ranges of the second real part value/second imaginary part value shown in Table 4 and Table 5 are only for illustrative purposes, and the embodiment of the present application does not limit the division of the above value range.
  • Tables 4 and 5 only use the 16QAM and 64QAM second modulation modes as examples to illustrate possible quantization relationships, and the quantization relationships under other second modulation modes are also within the protection scope of the embodiments of the present application.
  • the values in the first column and the second column in Table 4 or Table 5 can also be multiplied by the same real number (the real number can be regarded as a scalar factor).
  • the first modulation symbol is expressed as The value of the first parameter ⁇ is taken as an example in Table 3, where Taking values for the first real part, Take a value for the first imaginary part.
  • the first operation is a multiplication operation
  • the second operation is a division operation (that is, the inverse operation of the multiplication operation).
  • the value of the first real part is taken Multiplying with the first parameter ⁇ to obtain the second real part value Value the first imaginary part Multiply the first parameter ⁇ to obtain the second imaginary value
  • the value of the second real part is taken Quantize to obtain the third real part value Q R_Mod2 , and take the second imaginary part value Quantization is performed to obtain the third imaginary part value Q I_Mod2 .
  • the value of the second real part may be taken according to the illustration in Table 4 or Table 5 Obtain the third real part value Q R_Mod2 , according to the second imaginary part value The third imaginary part value Q I_Mod2 is obtained .
  • the third real part value Q R_Mod2 and the first parameter ⁇ are divided to obtain the target real part value Q R_Mod2 / ⁇ , and the third imaginary part value Q I_Mod2 and Divide the first parameter ⁇ to obtain the target imaginary part value Q I_Mod2 / ⁇ . Then the obtained target symbol is expressed as Q R_Mod2 / ⁇ +jQ I_Mod2 / ⁇ .
  • the value of the first parameter ⁇ may also be the reciprocal of the value in Table 3.
  • the first operation in the above example of FIG. 10 is a division operation
  • the second operation in the above example is multiplication. Operation.
  • the value of the first imaginary part is equal to the value of the second imaginary part.
  • 1000 parts are not executed, that is, the first real part value is taken as the second real part value, and the first imaginary part value is taken as the second imaginary part value , Starting from section 1010.
  • FIG. 11 illustrates another possible implementation manner of the foregoing section 410, including:
  • Part 1100 Perform a first operation on the first real part value and the first parameter (the first parameter can be expressed as ⁇ ) to obtain the second real part value, and the first imaginary part value and the first parameter Perform the first operation to obtain a second imaginary part value.
  • the first real part takes the value of the real part of the first modulation symbol (also called soft modulation symbol)
  • the first imaginary part takes the value of the first modulation symbol (also called soft modulation)
  • Part 1100 can be understood as pre-quantization processing on soft modulation symbols.
  • the first operation is a multiplication operation, a division operation, an addition operation, or a subtraction operation.
  • Part 1110 quantizing the second real part value to obtain the target real part value, and quantizing the second imaginary part value to obtain the target imaginary part value.
  • the real value of the target is taken as the real part of the target symbol (may also be called a hard modulation symbol), and the real value of the target is taken as the imaginary part of the target symbol (also called the hard modulation symbol) value.
  • Part 1110 can be understood as the quantization process performed on the soft modulation symbols.
  • the quantized target symbol can be kept in the same dimension as the second modulation method.
  • the first modulation symbol is expressed as The value of the first parameter ⁇ is taken as an example in Table 3, where Taking values for the first real part, Take a value for the first imaginary part.
  • the first operation is a multiplication operation.
  • the value of the first real part is taken Multiplying with the first parameter ⁇ to obtain the second real part value Value the first imaginary part Multiply the first parameter ⁇ to obtain the second imaginary value
  • the value of the above second real part is taken Quantize to obtain the target real part value Q R_Mod2 , and take the value of the second imaginary part Quantization is performed to obtain the target imaginary part value Q I_Mod2 .
  • the value of the second real part may be taken according to the illustration in Table 4 or Table 5 Obtain the target real part value Q R_Mod2 , according to the second imaginary part value The value of the target imaginary part Q I_Mud2 is obtained . Then the obtained target symbol is expressed as Q R_Mod2 +jQ I_Mod2 .
  • the value of the first parameter ⁇ may also be the reciprocal of the value in Table 3.
  • the first operation in the above example of FIG. 11 is a division operation.
  • the value of the first real part is equal to the value of the second real part
  • the value of the first imaginary part is equal to the value of the second imaginary part.
  • the 1100 part is not executed, that is, the first real part value is taken as the second real part value
  • the first imaginary part value is taken as the second imaginary part value , Starting from section 1110.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of enabling soft modulation symbol quantization according to an embodiment of the present application, including:
  • Part 1200 Node 2 receives first control information, and the first control information is sent by node 1.
  • the first control information includes first indication information and/or identification information of the node 2.
  • the identification information of the node 2 indicates the node 2, and the first indication information indicates that the node 2 executes the method illustrated in FIG. 4.
  • Part 1210 The node 2 executes the method illustrated in FIG. 4.
  • the node 2 executes the method illustrated in FIG. 4.
  • FIG. 4 For a detailed description, reference may be made to the description of FIG. 4 above, and details are not repeated here.
  • performing the method illustrated in FIG. 4 may be understood as performing parts 400 and 410 of FIG. 4, and may also be understood as performing parts 400, 410, 420 and 430 of FIG. 4.
  • the above node 2 can also be understood as the node in FIG. 4.
  • the data transmission method illustrated in FIG. 4 or the soft modulation symbol quantization method can be turned on according to data transmission requirements, which can notify the node to use an appropriate modulation method, thereby improving the robustness of data transmission.
  • the node 2 receives the first control information, and determines the quantized first modulation symbol in FIG. 4/FIG. 5 to obtain the target symbol in FIG. 4/FIG. 5 according to the first control information. .
  • the first indication information included in the first control information instructs the node 2 to quantize the first modulation symbol to obtain the target symbol
  • the first indication information included in the first control information indicates the second modulation method in FIG. 4, and the node 2 quantizes the first modulation symbol according to the second modulation method to obtain the target symbol; or,
  • the first indication information included in the first control information indicates the second modulation mode in FIG. 4 and instructs the node 2 to quantize the first modulation symbol to obtain the target symbol.
  • the first indication information indicates the aforementioned first parameter, and the node 2 can perform correct data modulation according to the first parameter.
  • the first control information in FIG. 12 may be included in physical layer information and/or high layer information.
  • the above-mentioned first control information may be included in physical layer information, which may be, for example, downlink control information (DCI) from a network device, or may also be side link control from a terminal information
  • DCI downlink control information
  • the first control information may be included in high-level information, and the high-level information may be included in a media access control (MAC) layer message or radio resource control (radio resource control) from a network device or terminal, for example. , RRC) layer message.
  • MAC media access control
  • radio resource control radio resource control
  • one or more bits in the indication field of the DCI or SCI may be reused to carry the first The first indication information in the control information.
  • the first indication information indicates an identifier or index of the second modulation mode.
  • the first indication information indicates an offset of the second modulation mode relative to the first modulation mode ( (Also called offset).
  • offset the correspondence between the index/mark and the above offset may be predefined, and the first indication information indicates the above offset by indicating the index/mark.
  • the offset may be an offset between the modulation order of the second modulation method and the modulation order of the first modulation method. For example, if the second modulation method is 16QAM (modulation order is 4) and the first modulation method is QPSK (modulation order is 2), the above-mentioned offset is 2 or -2. For another example, if the second modulation method is 16QAM (the modulation order is 4) and the first modulation method is 16QAM (the modulation order is 4), the offset is 0.
  • the offset may be an offset between the second modulation method and the first modulation method when multiple modulation methods are arranged in a certain order. Take the arrangement order of three modulation methods ⁇ QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM ⁇ as an example. For example, if the second modulation method is 16QAM and the first modulation method is QPSK, the offset is 1 or -1. For another example, if the second modulation method is 64QAM and the first modulation method is QPSK, then the offset is 2 or -2. For another example, if the second modulation method is 16QAM and the first modulation method is 16QAM, the offset is 0.
  • the node may notify other nodes of information related to the quantization of soft modulation symbols.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of notification of soft modulation symbol quantization related information provided by an embodiment of the present application, including:
  • Part 1300 Node 2 sends second control information, and the second control information may be received by Node 1.
  • the second control information includes second indication information and/or identification information of the node 1.
  • the identification information of the node 1 indicates the node 1, and the node 1 receives the data sent by the node 2 according to the second indication information.
  • Part 1310 The node 2 executes the method illustrated in FIG. 4.
  • the node 2 executes the method illustrated in FIG. 4.
  • FIG. 4 For a detailed description, reference may be made to the description of FIG. 4 above, and details are not repeated here.
  • performing the method illustrated in FIG. 4 may be understood as performing parts 400 and 410 of FIG. 4, and may also be understood as performing parts 400, 410, 420 and 430 of FIG. 4.
  • the above node 2 can also be understood as the node in FIG. 4.
  • FIG. 13 does not limit the specific execution order of parts 1300 and 1310.
  • part 1300 can be executed first, and then part 1310 can be executed; for example, part 1310 can be executed first, and then part 1300 can be executed; for example, parts 1300 and 1310 can also be executed simultaneously.
  • the data receiving node can be notified to use an appropriate data receiving method, thereby improving the robustness of data reception.
  • the second indication information indicates the first modulation method in FIG. 4, and the node 1 demodulates the data sent by the node 2 according to the first modulation method.
  • the second indication information indicates the second modulation mode in FIG. 4, and the node 1 demodulates the data sent by the node 2 according to the second modulation mode; in addition, the node 1 may also pass The first modulation method and the second modulation method obtain the aforementioned first parameter, so that when receiving data, correct data demodulation can be performed according to the first parameter.
  • the second indication information indicates the foregoing first parameter, and the node 1 can perform correct data demodulation according to the first parameter when receiving data according to the first parameter.
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic block diagram of quantizing a first hard modulation symbol generated by hard modulation into a second hard modulation symbol and transmitting the quantized second hard modulation symbol provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the process of hard modulation is to input hard information (the hard information is hard bit information of 0 or 1, or hard symbol information of -1 or 1) for modulation, and the first modulation symbol is output after hard modulation, This first modulation symbol may also be referred to as a first hard modulation symbol.
  • the first modulation symbol is quantized to obtain a target symbol, and the target symbol may also be called a second hard modulation symbol.
  • preprocess the target symbol (where the preprocessing process includes one or more of layer mapping, antenna port mapping, precoding, or transforming precoding) to obtain the data to be sent, and then Sending data is mapped to physical resources (that is, performing resource mapping), and the data to be sent is sent using the physical resources.
  • the soft modulation symbols generated by soft modulation can be quantized to a limited number of constellation points and then transmitted, so that a lower PAPR and/or a lower EVM can be obtained, which can simultaneously Guarantee the radio frequency index.
  • the data sent by the data sending method in the embodiment of the present application may be data containing control information, data containing service information, or data containing both control information and service information.
  • the method of this embodiment may include:
  • Part 1500 The node obtains the fourth data based on the second data.
  • the second data includes one or more second real numbers that are greater than or equal to -1 and less than or equal to 1.
  • the fourth data includes a plurality of fourth real numbers, and the fourth real number is equal to -1 or equal to 1. It can be understood that the node in the embodiment of the present application may be a terminal or a network device.
  • Part 1510 The node generates a second modulation symbol corresponding to the second modulation method according to the fourth data.
  • the second modulation method is BPSK, QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM, 256QAM, 512QAM, or 1024QAM.
  • Part 1520 The node preprocesses the second modulation symbol to obtain data to be sent, and the preprocessing includes one or more of layer mapping, antenna port mapping, precoding, or transform precoding.
  • the above preprocessing can be understood as a processing operation that needs to be completed before mapping the above target symbol to a physical resource.
  • the node maps the data to be sent to physical resources, and uses the physical resources to send the data to be sent.
  • the physical resources may include one or more of time domain resources, frequency domain resources, code domain resources, or air domain resources.
  • the time domain resource included in the physical resource may include at least one frame, at least one sub-frame, at least one slot, at least one mini-slot, or at least one Time domain symbols, etc.
  • the frequency domain resources included in the physical resources may include at least one carrier, at least one component carrier (CC), at least one bandwidth part (BWP), and at least one resource block group (resource block (group, RBG), at least one physical resource-block group (PRG), at least one resource block (RB), or at least one sub-carrier (SC), etc.
  • the airspace resource included in the physical resource may include at least one beam, at least one port, at least one antenna port, or at least one layer/space layer, and so on.
  • the code domain resource included in the physical resource may include at least one orthogonal cover code (OCC) or at least one non-orthogonal multiple access code (NOMA).
  • the above physical resources may be baseband physical resources, and the baseband physical resources may be used by the baseband chip; the above physical resources may also be air interface physical resources; the above physical resources may also be intermediate frequency or radio frequency physical resources .
  • FIG. 15 can be understood as a method of mapping soft information into information to be modulated, modulating the information to be modulated to obtain a hard modulation symbol, and transmitting the hard modulation symbol.
  • FIG. 16 shows a schematic block diagram provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • soft information mapping is performed on soft information to obtain information to be modulated.
  • the soft information can also be understood as the second data in FIG. 15, and the information to be modulated can also be understood as the fourth data in FIG. 15.
  • the information to be modulated is modulated (hard modulation) to obtain a second modulation symbol, and the second modulation symbol may also be referred to as a hard modulation symbol.
  • preprocess the second modulation symbol (where the preprocessing includes one or more of layer mapping, antenna port mapping, precoding, or transforming precoding) to obtain the data to be transmitted , Map the data to be sent to physical resources (that is, perform resource mapping), and use the physical resources to send the data to be sent.
  • soft information can be modulated onto a limited number of constellation points and then transmitted, so that a lower PAPR and/or a lower EVM can be obtained, thereby ensuring middle radio frequency indicators at the same time,
  • the modulated signal of soft information can be sent out through the intermediate frequency/RF device.
  • the second data (which may also be understood as soft information) includes two second real numbers with The fourth data includes four fourth real numbers a 0 , a 1 , a 2 and a 3 .
  • the soft information mapping shown in Figure 16 according to Obtain a 0 and a 2 according to Obtain a 1 and a 3 , and use 16QAM (that is, the second modulation method) modulation on a 0 , a 1 , a 2, and a 3 to obtain the second modulation symbol Q, that is
  • Table 6 illustrates a possible The mapping relationship with a 0 and a 2 (may also be called the corresponding relationship)
  • Table 7 illustrates a possible Mapping relationship with a 1 and a 3 .
  • Node acquisition determine The value range of the first column of Table 6 falls into the value interval of the first column of Table 6, and determine the value of the second and third columns of Table 6 corresponding to the value interval The values of a 0 and a 2 mapped out.
  • Node acquisition determine Which value range of the first column of Table 7 falls into, and determine the value of the second and third columns of Table 7 corresponding to the value interval is The values of a 1 and a 3 mapped out.
  • the second data (which may also be understood as soft information) includes four second real numbers with The fourth data includes six fourth real numbers a 0 , a 1 , a 2 , a 3 , a 4 and a 5 .
  • the soft information mapping shown in Figure 16 according to Get a 0 according to Obtain a 2 and a 4 , according to Get a 1 according to Obtain a 3 and a 5 , and use 64QAM (that is, the second modulation method) modulation to obtain the second modulation symbol Q for a 0 , a 1 , a 2 , a 3 , a 4, and a 5 , that is, satisfy
  • Table 8 illustrates a possible The mapping relationship with a 0 (may also be called the corresponding relationship)
  • Table 9 illustrates a possible Mapping relationship with a 1
  • Table 10 illustrates a possible Mapping relationship with a 2 and a 4
  • Table 11 illustrates a possible Mapping relationship with a 3 and a 5 .
  • Node based with The range of values for obtaining the values of a 0 , a 1 , a 2 , a 3 , a 4 and a 5 can be referred to the foregoing description of Table 6 or Table 7, which will not be repeated here.
  • the second data (which may also be understood as soft information) includes two second real numbers with The fourth data includes six fourth real numbers a 0 , a 1 , a 2 , a 3 , a 4 and a 5 .
  • the soft information mapping shown in Figure 16 according to Obtain a 0 , a 2 and a 4 , according to Obtain a 1 , a 3, and a 5 , and use 64QAM (that is, the second modulation method) modulation to obtain the second modulation symbol Q for a 0 , a 1 , a 2 , a 3 , a 4, and a 5 , that is, satisfy
  • Table 12 illustrates a possible The mapping relationship with a 0 , a 2 and a 4 (also called correspondence relationship) Mapping relationship with a 1 , a 2 and a 3 .
  • Node based with The range of values for obtaining the values of a 0 , a 1 , a 2 , a 3 , a 4 and a 5 can be referred to the foregoing description of Table 6 or Table 7, which will not be repeated here.
  • Part 1500-1 The node obtains the fifth data according to the second data.
  • the second data includes one or more second real numbers that are greater than or equal to -1 and less than or equal to 1.
  • the fifth data includes a plurality of fifth real numbers, and the fifth real number is equal to 0 or equal to 1.
  • Part 1510-1 The node generates a second modulation symbol corresponding to the second modulation method according to the fifth data.
  • the second data (which may also be understood as soft information) includes two second real numbers with The fifth data includes four fifth real numbers b 0 , b 1 , b 2 and b 3 .
  • the soft information mapping shown in Figure 16 according to Obtain b 0 and b 2 , according to Obtain b 1 and b 3 , and use 16QAM (that is, the second modulation method) modulation on b 0 , b 1 , b 2, and b 3 to obtain the second modulation symbol Q, that is, satisfy
  • Table 14 illustrates a possible Mapping relationship with b 0 and b 2 (also called correspondence relationship)
  • Table 15 illustrates a possible Mapping relationship with b 1 and b 3 .
  • Part 1500-2 The node obtains the fourth data based on the third data.
  • the third data includes a plurality of third real numbers, and the value range of the third real numbers is negative infinity to positive infinity.
  • the fourth data includes a plurality of fourth real numbers, and the fourth real number is equal to -1 or equal to 1.
  • the third data (which may also be understood as soft information) includes two third real numbers with The fourth data includes four fourth real numbers a 0 , a 1 , a 2 and a 3 .
  • the soft information mapping shown in Figure 16 according to Obtain a 0 and a 2 according to Obtain a 1 and a 3 , and use 16QAM (that is, the second modulation method) modulation on a 0 , a 1 , a 2, and a 3 to obtain the second modulation symbol Q, that is
  • Table 16 illustrates a possible Mapping relationship with a 0 and a 2 (also called correspondence relationship)
  • Table 17 shows a possible Mapping relationship with a 1 and a 3 .
  • A represents a positive real number
  • +Lim represents positive infinity
  • -Lim represents negative infinity.
  • Part 1500-3 The node obtains the fourth data and/or the fifth data according to one or more of the first data, the second data, or the third data.
  • the first data includes one or more first real numbers that are greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1.
  • the second data includes one or more second real numbers that are greater than or equal to -1 and less than or equal to 1.
  • the third data includes one or more third real numbers, and the value range of the third real numbers is negative infinity to positive infinity.
  • the fourth data includes a plurality of fourth real numbers, and the fourth real number is equal to -1 or equal to 1.
  • the fifth data includes a plurality of fifth real numbers, and the fifth real number is equal to 0 or equal to 1.
  • Part 1510-2 The node generates a second modulation symbol corresponding to the second modulation mode according to the fourth data and/or the fifth data.
  • the corresponding relationships shown in the above tables can be configured.
  • the values in each table are only examples and can be configured as other values, which is not limited in this application.
  • the corresponding relationships shown in some rows may not be configured.
  • appropriate deformation adjustments can be made based on the above table, for example, splitting, merging, trimming, etc.
  • the names of the parameters shown in the titles in the above tables may also use other names that can be understood by the communication device, and the values or representations of the parameters may also be other values or representations that can be understood by the communication device.
  • other data structures can also be used, such as arrays, queues, containers, stacks, linear tables, pointers, linked lists, trees, graphs, structures, classes, heaps, hash tables, or hash tables Wait.
  • the default in this application can be understood as default or preset.
  • the default value in this application is a predefined value, default value or preset value; the non-default value in this application is a value other than the above-mentioned default value. It can be understood that the specific value of the above default value is not limited in this application.
  • the pre-defined in this application can be understood as definition, pre-defined, stored, pre-stored, pre-negotiated, pre-configured, cured, or pre-fired.
  • the methods implemented by the communication device in the above method embodiments may also be implemented by components (eg, integrated circuits, chips, etc.) that can be used for the communication device.
  • an embodiment of the present application further provides a corresponding communication device (also may be referred to as a communication device), and the communication device includes a corresponding Module.
  • the module may be software or hardware, or a combination of software and hardware.
  • FIG. 17 shows a schematic structural diagram of a communication device.
  • the communication device 1700 may be the network device 10 or 20 in FIG. 1, or may be the terminals 11, 12, 21, or 22 in FIG. It can be understood that the network device and terminal illustrated in FIG. 1 may also be called nodes.
  • the communication device may be used to implement the method described in the above method embodiment corresponding to the communication device (which may also be referred to as a node). For details, refer to the description in the above method embodiment.
  • the communication device 1700 may include one or more processors 1701.
  • the processor 1701 may also be referred to as a processing unit, and may implement certain control functions.
  • the processor 1701 may be a general-purpose processor or a dedicated processor. For example, it may be a baseband processor or a central processor.
  • the baseband processor can be used to process communication protocols and communication data
  • the central processor can be used to process communication devices (such as base stations, baseband chips, distributed units (DU) or centralized units (CU), etc.) ) Control, execute software programs, and process software program data.
  • the processor 1701 may also store instructions and/or data 1703, and the instructions and/or data 1703 may be executed by the processor, so that the communication device 1700 executes the foregoing method embodiments The method described in the corresponding to the communication device.
  • the processor 1701 may include a transceiver unit for implementing receiving and transmitting functions.
  • the transceiver unit may be a transceiver circuit or an interface.
  • the circuits or interfaces used to implement the receive and transmit functions can be separate or integrated.
  • the communication device 1700 may include a circuit, and the circuit may implement the function of sending or receiving or communicating in the foregoing method embodiments.
  • the communication device 1700 may include one or more memories 1702, on which instructions 1704 may be stored, and the instructions may be executed on the processor, so that the communication device 1700 performs the above method implementation The method described in the example.
  • the memory may also store data.
  • the processor may also store instructions and/or data. The processor and the memory may be set separately or integrated together. For example, the various correspondences described in the above method embodiments may be stored in a memory or in a processor.
  • the communication device 1700 may further include a transceiver 1705 and/or an antenna 1706.
  • the processor 1701 may be referred to as a processing unit, and controls a communication device (terminal or network device).
  • the transceiver 1705 may be referred to as a transceiver unit, a transceiver, a transceiver circuit, or a transceiver, etc., for implementing the transceiver function of the communication device.
  • a communication device 1700 may include a processor 1701 and a transceiver 1705.
  • the processor 1701 generates a first modulation symbol corresponding to the first modulation mode, and quantizes the first modulation symbol to obtain a target symbol, where the target symbol corresponds to one of a plurality of constellation points of the second modulation mode.
  • the processor 1701 preprocesses the target symbol to obtain data to be transmitted, and the preprocessing includes one or more of layer mapping, antenna port mapping, precoding, or transform precoding.
  • the data to be sent is mapped to a physical resource by the processor 1701, and the data to be sent is sent by the transceiver 1705 using the physical resource.
  • processors and transceivers described in this application can be implemented in integrated circuits (IC), analog ICs, radio frequency integrated circuits (RFICs), mixed-signal ICs, application-specific integrated circuits (application specific integrated circuits (ASIC)), and printed circuit boards ( printed circuit board (PCB), electronic equipment, etc.
  • IC integrated circuits
  • analog ICs analog ICs
  • RFICs radio frequency integrated circuits
  • mixed-signal ICs mixed-signal ICs
  • ASIC application specific integrated circuits
  • PCB printed circuit board
  • the processor and transceiver can also be manufactured using various IC process technologies, such as complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS), N-type metal oxide semiconductor (nMetal-oxide-semiconductor, NMOS), P-type Metal oxide semiconductor (positive channel metal oxide semiconductor (PMOS), bipolar junction transistor (Bipolar Junction Transistor, BJT), bipolar CMOS (BiCMOS), silicon germanium (SiGe), gallium arsenide (GaAs), etc.
  • CMOS complementary metal oxide semiconductor
  • N-type metal oxide semiconductor nMetal-oxide-semiconductor
  • PMOS positive channel metal oxide semiconductor
  • BJT bipolar junction transistor
  • BiCMOS bipolar CMOS
  • SiGe silicon germanium
  • GaAs gallium arsenide
  • the communication device is described by taking a network device or a terminal as an example, the scope of the communication device described in this application is not limited thereto, and the structure of the communication device may not be limited by FIG.
  • the communication device may be an independent device or may be part of a larger device.
  • the device may be:
  • a set of one or more ICs may also include storage components for storing data and/or instructions;
  • ASIC such as modem (MSM)
  • FIG. 18 provides a schematic structural diagram of a terminal.
  • the terminal can be applied to the system shown in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 18 shows only the main components of the terminal.
  • the terminal 1800 includes a processor, a memory, a control circuit, an antenna, and input and output devices.
  • the processor is mainly used to process the communication protocol and communication data, and control the entire terminal, execute the software program, and process the data of the software program.
  • the memory is mainly used to store software programs and data.
  • the radio frequency circuit is mainly used for the conversion of the baseband signal and the radio frequency signal and the processing of the radio frequency signal.
  • the antenna is mainly used to send and receive radio frequency signals in the form of electromagnetic waves.
  • Input and output devices such as touch screens, display screens, and keyboards, are mainly used to receive user input data and output data to the user.
  • the processor can read the software program in the storage unit, parse and execute the instructions of the software program, and process the data of the software program.
  • the processor performs baseband processing on the data to be sent, and outputs the baseband signal to the radio frequency circuit.
  • the radio frequency circuit processes the baseband signal to obtain the radio frequency signal and sends the radio frequency signal to the outside in the form of electromagnetic waves .
  • the radio frequency circuit receives the radio frequency signal through the antenna, the radio frequency signal is further converted into a baseband signal, and the baseband signal is output to the processor, the processor converts the baseband signal into data and performs the data deal with.
  • FIG. 18 shows only one memory and processor. In an actual terminal, there may be multiple processors and memories.
  • the memory may also be referred to as a storage medium or storage device, etc., which is not limited in this embodiment of the present invention.
  • the processor may include a baseband processor and a central processor.
  • the baseband processor is mainly used to process communication protocols and communication data
  • the central processor is mainly used to control the entire terminal and execute software. Programs, processing data from software programs.
  • the processor in FIG. 18 integrates the functions of the baseband processor and the central processor.
  • the baseband processor and the central processor can also be independent processors, which are interconnected through technologies such as a bus.
  • the terminal may include multiple baseband processors to adapt to different network standards, the terminal may include multiple central processors to enhance its processing capability, and various components of the terminal may be connected through various buses.
  • the baseband processor may also be expressed as a baseband processing circuit or a baseband processing chip.
  • the central processor may also be expressed as a central processing circuit or a central processing chip.
  • the function of processing the communication protocol and communication data may be built in the processor, or may be stored in the storage unit in the form of a software program, and the processor executes the software program to realize the baseband processing function.
  • an antenna and a control circuit having a transceiving function may be regarded as the transceiving unit 1811 of the terminal 1800, and a processor having a processing function may be regarded as the processing unit 1812 of the terminal 1800.
  • the terminal 1800 includes a transceiver unit 1811 and a processing unit 1812.
  • the transceiver unit may also be called a transceiver, a transceiver, a transceiver device, or the like.
  • the device used to implement the receiving function in the transceiver unit 1811 may be regarded as a receiving unit, and the device used to implement the sending function in the transceiver unit 1811 may be regarded as a sending unit, that is, the transceiver unit 1811 includes a receiving unit and a sending unit.
  • the receiving unit may also be referred to as a receiver, receiver, receiving circuit, etc.
  • the transmitting unit may be referred to as a transmitter, transmitter, or transmitting circuit, etc.
  • the receiving unit and the sending unit may be an integrated unit or multiple independent units.
  • the receiving unit and the sending unit may be in one geographic location, or may be dispersed in multiple geographic locations.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication device (also referred to as a communication device or node) 1900.
  • the communication device may be a terminal (for example, a terminal in the system shown in FIG. 1), or may be a component of a terminal (for example, an integrated circuit, a chip, etc.).
  • the communication device may also be a network device (for example, the communication device is a base station device that can be applied to the system of FIG. 1), or a component of a network device (for example, an integrated circuit, a chip, etc.).
  • the communication device may also be other communication modules for implementing operations corresponding to communication devices in the method embodiments of the present application.
  • the communication device 1900 may include: a processing module 1902 (processing unit).
  • it may further include a transceiver module 1901 (transceiver unit) and a storage module 1903 (storage unit).
  • one or more modules as shown in FIG. 19 may be implemented by one or more processors, or by one or more processors and memory; or by one or more processors Implemented with a transceiver; or implemented by one or more processors, memory, and transceivers, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the processor, memory and transceiver can be set separately or integrated.
  • the communication device has the function of implementing the terminal described in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the communication device includes the module or unit or means corresponding to the steps that the terminal performs in the terminal described in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the function or unit or means can be implemented by software, or by hardware, or can be implemented by hardware executing corresponding software.
  • the communication device has the function of implementing the network device described in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the communication device includes modules or units or means corresponding to the steps involved in the steps performed by the network device in the network device described in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the function or unit or means may be implemented by software, or by hardware, or may be implemented by hardware executing corresponding software.
  • each module in the communication device 1900 in the embodiment of the present application may be used to execute the method described in FIG. 4 in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the processing module 1902 generates a first modulation symbol corresponding to the first modulation mode; the processing module 1902 quantizes the first modulation symbol to obtain a target symbol, and the target symbol corresponds to the second modulation mode.
  • the data transmission device quantizes the soft modulation symbols generated by soft modulation to a limited number of constellation points and then transmits, thereby ensuring that the generated signal meets the intermediate radio frequency index.
  • the processing module 1902 generates the first modulation symbol according to the first data and/or the second data, the first modulation symbol and the first data and/or the second data satisfy the first The mapping relationship corresponding to the modulation mode; the first data includes one or more first real numbers, the first real number is greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1; the second data includes one or more second real numbers, The second real number is greater than or equal to -1 and less than or equal to 1.
  • mapping relationship corresponding to the first modulation mode is one of the following:
  • Is a first real number included in the first data Is a second real number included in the second data, Is the first modulation symbol, j is an imaginary unit;
  • j is an imaginary unit.
  • the processing module 1902 quantizes the sixth data to obtain the first data and/or the second data.
  • the processing module 1902 obtains the first data and/or the second data according to sixth data; wherein, the sixth data and the first data satisfy Where L is the sixth data, Is the first data; the sixth data and the second data satisfy Where L is the sixth data, Is the second data.
  • the second modulation mode is two-phase phase shift keying (BPSK), quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK), 16 quadrature amplitude modulation (16QAM), 64 quadrature amplitude modulation (64QAM), 256 Quadrature amplitude modulation (256QAM), 512 quadrature amplitude modulation (512QAM), or 1024 quadrature amplitude modulation (1024QAM).
  • BPSK phase shift keying
  • QPSK quadrature phase shift keying
  • 16QAM 16 quadrature amplitude modulation
  • 64QAM 64 quadrature amplitude modulation
  • 256QAM 256 Quadrature amplitude modulation
  • 512QAM 512 quadrature amplitude modulation
  • 1024 quadrature amplitude modulation 1024 quadrature amplitude modulation
  • the transceiver module 1901 receives first control information, and the processing module 1902 determines to quantize the first modulation symbol according to the first control information to obtain the target symbol;
  • the first control information includes first indication information and/or Or the identification information of the communication device 1900, the identification information of the communication device 1900 indicates the communication device 1900.
  • the first indication information instructs the communication device 1900 or the processing module 1902 to quantize the first modulation symbol to obtain the target symbol, or the first indication information indicates the second modulation mode, or,
  • the first indication information indicates the second modulation mode, and instructs the communication device 1900 or the processing module 1902 to quantize the first modulation symbol to obtain the target symbol.
  • each module in the communication device 1900 in the embodiment of the present application may also be used to execute the description of FIG. 5, FIG. 10, FIG. 11, FIG. 12, FIG. 13, FIG. 14, FIG. 15, or FIG. 16 in the embodiment of the present application.
  • Each module executes the description of the method corresponding to the other drawings, and the description of the method corresponding to FIG. 4 can be performed with reference to the above-mentioned modules, which will not be repeated here.
  • the processing unit used to execute these technologies at a communication device can be implemented in one or more general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), digital Signal processing device (DSPD), application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), programmable logic device (PLD), field programmable gate array (FPGA), or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or the above In any combination.
  • DSPs digital signal processors
  • DSPD digital Signal processing device
  • ASIC application specific integrated circuit
  • PLD programmable logic device
  • FPGA field programmable gate array
  • the general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, and optionally, the general-purpose processor may also be any conventional processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine.
  • the processor may also be implemented by a combination of computing devices, such as a digital signal processor and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors combined with a digital signal processor core, or any other similar configuration achieve.
  • At least one (a, b) of a, b, or c can represent: a, b, c, ab, ac, bc, or abc, where a, b, c can be a single or can be Multiple.
  • mapping relationship (which may also be understood as a functional relationship) involved in this application does not require that a and b accurately satisfy the mapping relationship.
  • the value b obtained by performing floating point, rounding, or rounding on the value b' may also be understood as a and b satisfying the mapping relationship.
  • a and b satisfy the mapping relationship may also refer to a mapping relationship after a and b satisfy the mapping relationship and perform an equivalent modification, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the steps of the method or algorithm described in the embodiments of the present application may be directly embedded in hardware, instructions executed by a processor, or a combination of both.
  • the memory may be RAM memory, flash memory, ROM memory, EPROM memory, EEPROM memory, registers, hard disk, removable disk, CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium in the art.
  • the memory can be connected to the processor, so that the processor can read information from the memory and can write information to the memory.
  • the memory can also be integrated into the processor.
  • the processor and the memory may be provided in the ASIC, and the ASIC may be provided in the terminal.
  • the processor and the memory may also be provided in different components in the terminal.
  • the computer program product includes one or more computer instructions.
  • the computer may be a general-purpose computer, a dedicated computer, a computer network, or other programmable devices.
  • the computer instructions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium, for example, the computer instructions may be from a website site, computer, server or data package
  • the center transmits to another website, computer, server or data packet center via wired (such as coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (such as infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.).
  • the computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data packet storage device including a server, a data packet center, and the like that include one or more available media integrations.
  • the usable medium may be a magnetic medium (for example, a floppy disk, a hard disk, a magnetic tape), an optical medium (for example, a DVD), or a semiconductor medium (for example, Solid State Disk (SSD)).
  • a magnetic medium for example, a floppy disk, a hard disk, a magnetic tape
  • an optical medium for example, a DVD
  • a semiconductor medium for example, Solid State Disk (SSD)

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Abstract

本申请提供一种数据发送的方法及装置。该方法包括：节点生成与第一调制方式对应的第一调制符号，所述节点量化所述第一调制符号获得目标符号，所述目标符号对应第二调制方式的多个星座点中的一个；所述节点预处理所述目标符号获得待发送数据，所述预处理包括层映射、天线端口映射、预编码、或变换预编码中的一种或多种；所述节点将所述待发送数据映射至物理资源，并使用所述物理资源发送所述待发送数据。通过所提供的实施例，可以将软调制产生的软调制符号量化到有限数量的星座点上再进行发送，从而能够满足中射频指标。

Description

数据发送的方法及装置
本申请要求在2018年11月29日提交中国国家知识产权局、申请号为201811447895.8、发明名称为“数据发送的方法及装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种数据发送的方法及装置。
背景技术
传统的数据转发方式包括译码转发(decoding forwarding，DF)。在DF方式下，转发节点接收到上一发送节点的数据后，需对该数据进行解调和译码，然后根据译码正确与否决定是否转发该数据；若译码正确，转发节点可对译码后的数据进行重新编码和调制，并发送给下一接收节点。DF方式的主要问题是，DF方式中当转发节点对上一发送节点的数据译码错误时，转发节点无法转发该数据，从而导致转发性能下降。
软调制可以解决上述DF的主要问题。通过发送软调制生成的数据，可以在转发节点对上一发送节点的数据译码错误时，也能进行该数据的转发，从而提高转发性能。但是，通过软调制生成的信号可能会不满足中频/射频器件的中频/射频指标的要求。例如：软调制可能会导致生成的信号具有过大的峰均功率比(peak to average power ratio，PAPR)，软调制也可能会导致生成的信号具有过大的误差向量幅度(error vector magnitude，EVM)，从而使得软调制生成的信号可能无法通过中频/射频器件发送出去。因此，如何保证生成信号的中频/射频指标，并通过中频/射频器件将软调制生成的信号发送出去，成为软调制的应用中亟需解决的问题。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供一种数据发送的方法及装置。
第一方面，本申请实施例提供一种数据发送的方法，包括：
节点生成与第一调制方式对应的第一调制符号；所述节点量化所述第一调制符号获得目标符号，所述目标符号对应第二调制方式的多个星座点中的一个；所述节点预处理所述目标符号获得待发送数据，所述预处理包括层映射、天线端口映射、预编码、或变换预编码中的一种或多种；所述节点将所述待发送数据映射至物理资源，并使用所述物理资源发送所述待发送数据。
本申请实施例提供的数据发送的方法，通过将软调制产生的软调制符号量化到有限数量的星座点上再进行发送，从而能够保证生成的信号满足中射频指标。
可选地，所述节点根据第一数据和/或第二数据生成所述第一调制符号，所述第一调制符号与所述第一数据和/或所述第二数据满足所述第一调制方式对应的映射关系；所述第一数据包括一个或多个第一实数，所述第一实数大于或等于0且小于或等于1；所述第 二数据包括一个或多个第二实数，所述第二实数大于或等于-1且小于或等于1。
可选地，所述第一调制方式对应的所述映射关系为下述一项：
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000001
其中，
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000002
为所述第一数据包括的一个第一实数，
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000003
为所述第一调制符号，j为虚数单位；或者，
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000004
其中，
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000005
和
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000006
为所述第一数据包括的两个第一实数，
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000007
为所述第一调制符号，j为虚数单位；或者，
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000008
其中，
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000009
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000010
和
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000011
为所述第一数据包括的四个第一实数，
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000012
为所述第一调制符号，j为虚数单位；或者，
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000013
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000014
其中，
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000015
和
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000016
为所述第一数据包括的六个第一实数，
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000017
为所述第一调制符号，j为虚数单位；或者，
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000018
其中，
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000019
为所述第二数据包括的一个第二实数，
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000020
为所述第一调制符号，j为虚数单位；或者，
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000021
其中，
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000022
和
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000023
为所述第二数据包括的两个第二实数，
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000024
为所述第一调制符号，j为虚数单位；或者，
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000025
其中，
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000026
和
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000027
为所述第二数据包括的四个第二实数，
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000028
为所述第一调制符号，j为虚数单位；或者，
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000029
其中，
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000030
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000031
和
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000032
为所述第二数据包括的六个第二实数，
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000033
为所述第一调制符号，j为虚数单位；或者，
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000034
其中，
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000035
为所述第一数据包括的一个第一实数，
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000036
为所述第二数据包括的一个第二实数，
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000037
为所述第一调制符号，j为虚数单位；或者，
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000038
其中，
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000039
和
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000040
为所述第一数据包括的两个第一实数，
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000041
和
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000042
为所述第二数据包括的两个第二实数，
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000043
为所述第一调制符号，j为虚数单位。
可选地，所述节点对第六数据量化获得所述第一数据和/或所述第二数据。
可选地，所述节点根据第六数据获得所述第一数据和/或所述第二数据；其中，所述第六数据与所述第一数据满足
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000044
其中L为所述第六数据，
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000045
为所述第一数据；所述第六数据与所述第二数据满足
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000046
其中L为所述第六数据，
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000047
为所述第二数据。
可选地，所述第二调制方式为二相相移键控(BPSK)、正交相移键控(QPSK)、16正交幅度调制(16QAM)、64正交幅度调制(64QAM)、256正交幅度调制(256QAM)、512正交幅度调制(512QAM)、或1024正交幅度调制(1024QAM)。
可选地，所述节点接收第一控制信息，并根据所述第一控制信息确定量化所述第一调制符号获得所述目标符号；所述第一控制信息包括第一指示信息和/或所述节点的标识信息，所述节点的标识信息指示所述节点。进一步可选地，所述第一指示信息指示所述节点量化所述第一调制符号获得所述目标符号，或者，所述第一指示信息指示所述第二调制方式，或者，所述第一指示信息指示所述第二调制方式，并指示所述节点量化所述第一调制符号获得所述目标符号。通过该方法，可以根据数据发送的需求开启或关闭第一方面所述 的数据发送方法或软调制符号量化方法，能够通知节点使用合适的调制方式，从而提高数据发送的鲁棒性。
第二方面，本申请提供一种通信装置，可以实现上述第一方面中的节点的一项或多项的相应功能。所述通信装置包括用于执行上述方法的相应的单元或部件。所述通信装置包括的单元可以通过软件和/或硬件方式实现。所述通信装置，例如可以为终端、或网络设备(如基站)、或者为可支持终端或网络设备实现上述功能的芯片、芯片系统、或处理器等。
第三方面，本申请提供一种通信装置，包括：处理器，所述处理器与存储器耦合，所述存储器用于存储程序，当所述程序被所述处理器执行时，使得通信装置实现上述第一方面所述的方法。
第四方面，本申请提供一种存储介质，其上存储有计算机程序，所述计算机程序被处理器执行时实现上述第一方面所述的方法。
第五方面，本申请提供一种芯片系统，包括：处理器，用于执行上述第一方面所描述的方法。
附图说明
图1为本申请提供的方法应用的通信系统的示意图；
图2示出了通信系统的一种架构举例示意图；
图3A示出了本申请提供的实施例适用的第一种可能的场景；
图3B示出了本申请提供的实施例适用的第二种可能的场景；
图3C示出了本申请提供的实施例适用的第三种可能的场景；
图3D示出了本申请提供的实施例适用的第四种可能的场景；
图4示出了本申请实施例提供的一种数据发送方法的流程示意图；
图5示出了本申请实施例提供的一种量化软调制符号的示意框图；
图6A示出了本申请实施例提供的一种软调制的调制星座点示意图；
图6B示出了本申请实施例提供的另一种软调制的调制星座点示意图；
图7A示出了本申请实施例提供的第一种软调制星座点量化前后的示意图；
图7B示出了本申请实施例提供的第二种软调制星座点量化前后的示意图；
图8A示出了本申请实施例提供的第三种软调制星座点量化前后的示意图；
图8B示出了本申请实施例提供的第四种软调制星座点量化前后的示意图；
图9A示出了本申请实施例提供的第五种软调制星座点量化前后的示意图；
图9B示出了本申请实施例提供的第六种软调制星座点量化前后的示意图；
图10示出了本申请实施例提供的一种量化流程示意图；
图11示出了本申请实施例提供的另一种量化流程示意图；
图12示出了本申请实施例提供的一种节点间的交互示意图；
图13示出了本申请实施例提供的另一种节点间的交互示意图；
图14示出了本申请实施例提供的一种量化硬调制符号的示意框图；
图15示出了本申请实施例提供的另一种数据发送方法的流程示意图；
图16示出了本申请实施例提供的一种量化软信息的示意框图；
图17为本申请实施例提供的一种通信装置的结构示意图；
图18为本申请实施例提供的一种终端的结构示意图；
图19为本申请实施例提供的一种通信设备示意图。
具体实施方式
本申请实施例提供的数据发送方法及装置可以应用于通信系统中。如图1示出了一种通信系统结构示意图。该通信系统中包括一个或多个网络设备(清楚起见，图中示出网络设备10和网络设备20)，以及与该一个或多个网络设备通信的一个或多个终端设备。图1中所示终端设备11和终端设备12与网络设备10通信，所示终端设备21和终端设备22与网络设备20通信。
本发明实施例描述的技术可用于各种通信系统，例如2G，3G，4G，4.5G，5G通信系统，多种通信系统融合的系统，或者未来演进网络。例如长期演进(long term evolution，LTE)系统，新空口(new radio,NR)系统，无线保真(wireless-fidelity，WiFi)系统，以及第三代合作伙伴计划(3rd generation partnership project，3GPP)相关的蜂窝系统等，以及其他此类通信系统。
图2示出了通信系统的一种可能的架构举例示意图，如图2所示无线接入网RAN中的网络设备是集中单元(centralized unit，CU)和分布单元(distributed unit,DU)分离架构的基站(如gNB)。RAN可以与核心网相连(例如可以是LTE的核心网，也可以是5G的核心网等)。CU和DU可以理解为是对基站从逻辑功能角度的划分。CU和DU在物理上可以是分离的也可以部署在一起。多个DU可以共用一个CU。一个DU也可以连接多个CU(图中未示出)。CU和DU之间可以通过接口相连，例如可以是F1接口。CU和DU可以根据无线网络的协议层划分。例如分组数据汇聚层协议(packet data convergence protocol，PDCP)层及无线资源控制(radio resource control,RRC)层的功能设置在CU，而无线链路控制(radio link control，RLC)，媒体接入控制(media access control，MAC)层，物理(physical)层等的功能设置在DU。可以理解对CU和DU处理功能按照这种协议层的划分仅仅是一种举例，也可以按照其他的方式进行划分。例如可以将CU或者DU划分为具有更多协议层的功能。例如，CU或DU还可以划分为具有协议层的部分处理功能。在一设计中，将RLC层的部分功能和RLC层以上的协议层的功能设置在CU，将RLC层的剩余功能和RLC层以下的协议层的功能设置在DU。在另一种设计中，还可以按照业务类型或者其他系统需求对CU或者DU的功能进行划分。例如按时延划分，将处理时间需要满足时延要求的功能设置在DU，不需要满足该时延要求的功能设置在CU。图2所示的网络架构可以应用于5G通信系统，其也可以与LTE系统共享一个或多个部件或资源。在另一种设计中，CU也可以具有核心网的一个或多个功能。一个或者多个CU可以集中设置，也分离设置。例如CU可以设置在网络侧方便集中管理。DU可以具有多个射频功能，也可以将射频功能拉远设置。
CU的功能可以由一个实体来实现，也可以进一步将控制面(CP)和用户面(UP)分离，即CU的控制面(CU-CP)和用户面(CU-UP)可以由不同的功能实体来实现，所述CU-CP和CU-UP可以与DU相耦合，共同完成基站的功能。
可以理解的是，本申请中提供的实施例也适用于CU和DU不分离的架构。
本申请中，网络设备可以是任意一种具有无线收发功能的设备。包括但不限于：LTE中的演进型基站(NodeB或eNB或e-NodeB，evolved Node B)，NR中的基站(gNodeB或gNB)或收发点(transmission receiving point/transmission reception point,TRP)，3GPP后续演进的基站，WiFi系统中的接入节点，无线中继节点，无线回传节点等。基站可以是：宏基站，微基站，微微基站，小站，中继站，或，气球站等。多个基站可以支持上述提及的同一种技术的网络，也可以支持上述提及的不同技术的网络。基站可以包含一个或多个共站或非共站的TRP。网络设备还可以是云无线接入网络(cloud radio access network，CRAN)场景下的无线控制器、CU，和/或DU。网络设备还可以是服务器，可穿戴设备，或车载设备等。以下以网络设备为基站为例进行说明。所述多个网络设备可以为同一类型的基站，也可以为不同类型的基站。基站可以与终端设备进行通信，也可以通过中继站与终端设备进行通信。终端设备可以与不同技术的多个基站进行通信，例如，终端设备可以与支持LTE网络的基站通信，也可以与支持5G网络的基站通信，还可以支持与LTE网络的基站以及5G网络的基站的双连接。
终端是一种具有无线收发功能的设备，可以部署在陆地上，包括室内或室外、手持、穿戴或车载；也可以部署在水面上(如轮船等)；还可以部署在空中(例如飞机、气球和卫星上等)。所述终端可以是手机(mobile phone)、平板电脑(Pad)、带无线收发功能的电脑、虚拟现实(virtual reality，VR)终端设备、增强现实(augmented reality，AR)终端设备、工业控制(industrial control)中的无线终端、车载终端设备、无人驾驶(self driving)中的无线终端、远程医疗(remote medical)中的无线终端、智能电网(smart grid)中的无线终端、运输安全(transportation safety)中的无线终端、智慧城市(smart city)中的无线终端、智慧家庭(smart home)中的无线终端、可穿戴终端设备等等。本申请的实施例对应用场景不做限定。终端有时也可以称为终端设备、用户设备(user equipment，UE)、接入终端设备、车载终端、工业控制终端、UE单元、UE站、移动站、移动台、远方站、远程终端设备、移动设备、UE终端设备、终端设备、无线通信设备、UE代理或UE装置等。终端也可以是固定的或者移动的。
本申请的实施例可以适用于多跳的数据发送场景。
以图3A为例，图3A示出了本申请的实施例可以适用的一种可能的数据发送场景。图3A中示意了三个节点：一个源节点(即S节点)，一个中继节点(即R1节点，也可以称为一个转发节点)，和一个目的节点(即D节点)。S节点希望将目标数据发送给D节点，但是由于某些原因(例如，S节点与D节点距离太远、S节点与D节点之间有遮挡物、S节点与D节点之间信道条件较差等)，S节点需将目标数据先发送给R1节点，再由R1节点转发给D节点。图3A示意的数据发送场景可以理解为一个两跳的数据发送场景，即第一跳是从S节点到R1节点，第二跳是从R1节点到D节点。
以图3B为例，图3B示出了本申请的实施例可以适用的另一种可能的数据发送场景。图3B中示意了四个节点：一个源节点(即S节点)，两个中继节点(即R1和R2节点，也可以称为两个转发节点)，和一个目的节点(即D节点)。S节点希望将目标数据发送给D节点，但是由于某些原因(例如，S节点与D节点距离太远、S节点与D节点之间有遮挡物、S节点与D节点之间信道条件较差等)，S节点需将目标数据先发送给R1节点和/或R2节点，再由R1节点和/或R2节点转发给D节点。图3B示意的数据发送场景 可以理解为一个两跳的数据发送场景，即第一跳是从S节点到R1节点和/或R2节点，第二跳是从R1节点和/或R2节点到D节点。
以图3C为例，图3C示出了本申请的实施例可以适用的另一种可能的数据发送场景。图3C中示意了四个节点：一个源节点(即S节点)，两个中继节点(即R1和R2节点，也可以称为两个转发节点)，和一个目的节点(即D节点)。S节点希望将目标数据发送给D节点，但是由于某些原因(例如，S节点与D节点距离太远、S节点与D节点之间有遮挡物、S节点与D节点之间信道条件较差等)，S节点需将目标数据先发送给R1节点，由R1节点转发给R2节点，再由R2节点转发给D节点。图3C示意的数据发送场景可以理解为一个三跳的数据发送场景，即第一跳是从S节点到R1节点，第二跳是从R1节点到R2节点，第三跳是从R2节点到D节点。
以图3D为例，图3D示出了本申请的实施例可以适用的另一种可能的数据发送场景。图3C中示意了五个节点：一个源节点(即S节点)，三个中继节点(即R1节点、R2节点和R3节点，也可以称为三个转发节点)，和一个目的节点(即D节点)。S节点希望将目标数据发送给D节点，但是由于某些原因(例如，S节点与D节点距离太远、S节点与D节点之间有遮挡物、S节点与D节点之间信道条件较差等)，S节点需将目标数据先发送给R1节点，由R1节点转发给R2节点和/或R3节点，再由R2节点和/或R3节点转发给D节点。图3D示意的数据发送场景可以理解为一个三跳的数据发送场景，即第一跳是从S节点到R1节点，第二跳是从R1节点到R2节点和/或R3节点，第三跳是从R2节点和/或R3节点到D节点。
需要说明的是，上述图3A-图3D仅其示意作用，本申请的实施例并不限制多跳的数据发送场景中的跳数以及中继节点的数量。
可以理解的是，上述源节点可以是网络设备，也可以是终端；上述中继节点可以是网络设备，也可以是终端；上述目的节点可以是网络设备，也可以是终端。
可以理解的是，本申请的实施例也可以用于单跳的数据发送场景(即目标数据从源节点到目的节点)。
上述多跳数据发送场景中的转发节点需要将数据转发给下一个接收节点(该下一个接收节点可以是另一个转发节点，也可以是目的节点)。转发节点转发数据的方式包括译码转发(decoding forwarding，DF)。在DF方式下，转发节点接收到上一发送节点的数据后，对该数据进行解调和译码，然后根据译码正确与否决定是否转发该数据；若译码正确，转发节点可对译码后的数据进行重新编码和调制，并发送给下一接收节点；若译码错误，转发节点不转发该数据。由于DF方式中当转发节点对上一发送节点的数据译码错误时，转发节点无法转发该数据，从而导致转发性能下降。
软调制可以解决上述DF的主要问题。通过发送软调制生成的数据，可以在转发节点对上一发送节点的数据译码错误时，也能进行该数据的转发，从而提高转发性能。但是，通过软调制生成的信号可能会不满足中频/射频器件的中频/射频指标的要求。例如：软调制可能会导致生成的信号具有过大的峰均功率比(peak to average power ratio，PAPR)，软调制也可能会导致生成的信号具有过大的误差向量幅度(error vector magnitude，EVM)，从而使得软调制生成的信号可能无法通过中频/射频器件发送出去。因此，如何保证生成的信号满足中频/射频指标，并通过中频/射频器件将软调制生成的信号发送出去，成为软 调制的应用中亟需解决的问题。
本申请实施例提供的数据发送的方法及装置，通过将软调制产生的软调制符号量化到有限数量的星座点上再进行发送，从而能够保证生成的信号满足中射频指标。
下面以具体实施例结合附图对本申请的技术方案进行详细说明。下面这几个具体的实施例和实施方式可以相互结合，对于相同或相似的概念或过程可能在某些实施例不再赘述。应理解，本申请中所解释的功能可以通过独立硬件电路、使用结合处理器/微处理器或通用计算机而运行的软件、使用专用集成电路，和/或使用一个或多个数字信号处理器来实现。当本申请描述为方法时，其还可以在计算机处理器和被耦合到处理器的存储器中实现。
图4为本申请实施例提供的一种数据发送方法的流程示意图。可以理解的是，本申请实施例中的数据发送方法所发送的数据可以是包含控制信息的数据，也可以是包含业务信息的数据，还可以是既包含控制信息也包含业务信息的数据。如图4所示，该实施例的方法可以包括：
400部分：节点生成与第一调制方式对应的第一调制符号。可以理解的是，本申请实施例中的节点可以是终端，也可以是网络设备。
410部分：所述节点量化所述第一调制符号获得目标符号，所述目标符号对应第二调制方式的多个星座点中的一个。
420部分：所述节点预处理所述目标符号获得待发送数据，所述预处理包括层映射、天线端口映射、预编码、或变换预编码中的一种或多种。上述预处理可以理解为将上述目标符号映射到物理资源前需要完成的处理操作。
430部分：所述节点将所述待发送数据映射至物理资源，并使用所述物理资源发送所述待发送数据。所述物理资源可以包含时域资源，频域资源，码域资源，或，空域资源中的一种或多种。例如，所述物理资源所包含的时域资源可以包含至少一个帧、至少一个子帧(sub-frame)、至少一个时隙(slot)、至少一个微时隙(mini-slot)、或者至少一个时域符号等。例如，所述物理资源所包含的频域资源可以包含至少一个载波(carrier)、至少一个单元载波(component carrier，CC)、至少一个带宽部分(bandwidth part，BWP)、至少一个资源块组(resource block group，RBG)、至少一个物理资源块组(physical resource-block group，PRG)、至少一个资源块(resource block，RB)、或至少一个子载波(sub-carrier，SC)等。例如，所述物理资源所包含的空域资源可以包含至少一个波束、至少一个端口、至少一个天线端口、或者至少一个层/空间层等。例如，所述物理资源所包含的码域资源可以包含至少一个正交覆盖码(orthogonal cover code，OCC)、或者至少一个非正交多址码(non-orthogonal multiple access，NOMA)等。
可以理解的是，上述物理资源可以是基带的物理资源，该基带的物理资源可以被基带芯片使用；上述物理资源也可以是空中接口的物理资源；上述物理资源还可以是中频或射频的物理资源。
图4示意的本申请实施例可以理解为一种将软调制生成的软调制符号量化为硬调制符号，并发送该量化后的硬调制符号的方法。图5示出了本申请实施例提供的将软调制生成的软调制符号量化为硬调制符号，并发送该量化后的硬调制符号的示意框图。 在图5中，软调制的过程为输入软信息进行调制，经过软调制将输出第一调制符号，该第一调制符号也可以称为软调制符号。软调制获得第一调制符号后，对该第一调制符号进行量化获得目标符号，该目标符号也可以称为硬调制符号。获得目标符号后，对该目标符号进行预处理(其中，预处理的过程包括层映射、天线端口映射、预编码、或变换预编码中的一种或多种)获得待发送数据，将该待发送数据映射至物理资源(即进行资源映射)，并使用该物理资源发送该待发送数据。
可以理解的是，图5中示意的软信息可以是转发节点对上一发送节点的数据解调和/或译码过程中直接获得的软信息，也可以是对解调和/或译码过程中直接获得的软信息进行处理后进一步获得的软信息。其中，上述数据解调和/或译码过程中直接获得的软信息可以是解调获得的一个或多个调制符号的概率，和/或，译码获得的一个或多个译码比特的概率。
采用上述的本申请实施例提供的方法，可以将软调制产生的软调制符号量化到有限数量的星座点上再进行发送，从而能够获得较低的PAPR和/或较低的EVM，从而能够同时保证中射频指标，使软调制生成的信号能够通过中频/射频器件发送出去。
上述400部分中的第一调制方式可以理解为图5中示意的软调制使用的调制方式。通过软调制可获得软调制符号(即图5中所示的第一调制符号)。
具体地，所述节点根据第一数据和/或第二数据生成所述第一调制符号，所述第一调制符号与所述第一数据和/或所述第二数据满足所述第一调制方式对应的映射关系。所述第一数据包括一个或多个第一实数，所述第一实数大于或等于0且小于或等于1，该第一实数也可以被称为软比特信息(即图5中示意的软信息的一种可能的形式)。所述第二数据包括一个或多个第二实数，所述第二实数大于或等于-1且小于或等于1，该第二实数也可以被称为软符号信息(即图5中示意的软信息的一种可能的形式)。
所述第一调制符号与所述第一数据和/或所述第二数据满足映射关系(不同的映射关系对应不同的调制方式)，也可以理解为所述第一调制符号与所述第一数据和/或所述第二数据满足函数关系。所述映射关系可以理解为图5中的调制模块实现的映射关系。
在所述第一调制符号与所述第一数据和/或所述第二数据满足映射关系的一种可能的实施方式中，所述第一调制符号与所述第一数据满足映射关系。
示例性地，上述映射关系为
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000048
其中，
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000049
为所述第一数据包括的一个第一实数，
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000050
为所述第一调制符号，j为虚数单位。该映射关系可以理解为图5中的调制模块采用二相移相键控(binary phase shift keying，BPSK)调制方式时所述第一调制符号与所述第一数据满足的映射关系。所述节点根据该映射关系，输入所述第一实数
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000051
并生成一个复数的第一调制符号
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000052
通过上述示例性的方法，可以通过BPSK调制方式实现软调制(也可称为BPSK软调制)，降低了软调制的实现复杂度。
示例性地，上述映射关系为
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000053
其中，
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000054
和
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000055
为所述第一数据包括的两个第一实数，
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000056
为所述第一调制符号，j为虚数单位。该映射关系可以理解为图5中的调制模块采用正交相移键控(quadrature phase shift keying，QPSK)调制方式时所述第一调制符号与所述第一数据满足的映射关系。所述节点根据该映射关系，输入所述第一实数
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000057
和
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000058
并生成一个复数的第一调制符号
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000059
可以理解的是，
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000060
可以不等于
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000061
也可以等于
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000062
本申请对所述第一实数
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000063
和
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000064
的大小关系并不做限定。通过上述示 例性的方法，可以通过QPSK调制方式实现软调制(也可称为QPSK软调制)，降低了软调制的实现复杂度。
示例性地，上述映射关系为
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000065
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000066
其中，
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000067
和
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000068
为所述第一数据包括的四个第一实数，
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000069
为所述第一调制符号，j为虚数单位。该映射关系可以理解为图5中的调制模块采用16正交幅度调制(16quadrature amplitude modulation，16QAM)调制方式时所述第一调制符号与所述第一数据满足的映射关系。所述节点根据该映射关系，输入所述第一实数
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000070
和
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000071
并生成一个复数的第一调制符号
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000072
可以理解的是，本申请对所述第一实数
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000073
和
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000074
的大小关系并不做限定。通过上述示例性的方法，可以通过16QAM调制方式实现软调制(也可称为16QAM软调制)，降低了软调制的实现复杂度。
示例性地，上述映射关系为
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000075
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000076
其中，
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000077
和
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000078
为所述第一数据包括的六个第一实数，
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000079
为所述第一调制符号，j为虚数单位。该映射关系可以理解为图5中的调制模块采用64正交幅度调制(64 quadrature amplitude modulation，64QAM)调制方式时所述第一调制符号与所述第一数据满足的映射关系。所述节点根据该映射关系，输入所述第一实数
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000080
和
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000081
并生成一个复数的第一调制符号
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000082
可以理解的是，本申请对所述第一实数
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000083
和
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000084
的大小关系并不做限定。通过上述示例性的方法，可以通过64QAM调制方式实现软调制(也可称为64QAM软调制)，降低了软调制的实现复杂度。
可以理解的是，上述实施方式中的上述映射关系也可以是其他调制方式对应的所述第一调制符号与所述第一数据满足的映射关系，例如其他调制方式可以是256QAM、512QAM、1024QAM、或pi/2-BPSK等，本申请实施例对此不做限定。
在所述第一调制符号与所述第一数据和/或所述第二数据满足映射关系的一种可能的实施方式中，所述第一调制符号与所述第二数据满足映射关系。
示例性地，上述映射关系为
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000085
其中，
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000086
为所述第二数据包括的一个第二实数，
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000087
为所述第一调制符号，j为虚数单位。该映射关系可以理解为图5中的调制模块采用BPSK调制方式时所述第一调制符号与所述第二数据满足的映射关系。所述节点根据该映射关系，输入所述第二实数
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000088
并生成一个复数的第一调制符号
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000089
通过上述示例性的方法，可以通过BPSK调制方式实现软调制(也可称为BPSK软调制)，降低了软调制的实现复杂度。
示例性地，上述映射关系为
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000090
其中，
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000091
和
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000092
为所述第二数据包括的两个第二实数，
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000093
为所述第一调制符号，j为虚数单位。该映射关系可以理解为图5中的调制模块采用QPSK调制方式时所述第一调制符号与所述第二数据满足的映射关系。所述节点根据该映射关系，输入所述第二实数
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000094
和
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000095
并生成一个复数的第一调制符号
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000096
可以理解的是，
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000097
可以不等于
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000098
也可以等于
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000099
本申请对所述第二实数
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000100
和
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000101
的大小关系并不做限定。通过上述示例性的方法，可以通过QPSK调制方式实现软调制(也可称为QPSK软调制)，降低了软调制的实现复杂度。
示例性地，上述映射关系为
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000102
其中，
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000103
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000104
和
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000105
为所述第二数据包括的四个第二实数，
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000106
为所述第一调制符号，j为虚数单位。 该映射关系可以理解为图5中的调制模块采用16QAM调制方式时所述第一调制符号与所述第二数据满足的映射关系。所述节点根据该映射关系，输入所述第二实数
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000107
和
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000108
并生成一个复数的第一调制符号
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000109
可以理解的是，本申请对所述第二实数
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000110
和
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000111
的大小关系并不做限定。通过上述示例性的方法，可以通过16QAM调制方式实现软调制(也可称为16QAM软调制)，降低了软调制的实现复杂度。
示例性地，上述映射关系为
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000112
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000113
其中，
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000114
和
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000115
为所述第二数据包括的六个第二实数，
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000116
为所述第一调制符号，j为虚数单位。该映射关系可以理解为图5中的调制模块采用64QAM调制方式时所述第一调制符号与所述第二数据满足的映射关系。所述节点根据该映射关系，输入所述第二实数
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000117
和
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000118
并生成一个复数的第一调制符号
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000119
可以理解的是，本申请对所述第二实数
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000120
和
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000121
的大小关系并不做限定。通过上述示例性的方法，可以通过64QAM调制方式实现软调制(也可称为64QAM软调制)，降低了软调制的实现复杂度。
可以理解的是，上述实施方式中的上述映射关系也可以是其他调制方式对应的所述第一调制符号与所述第二数据满足的映射关系，例如其他调制方式可以是256QAM、512QAM、1024QAM、或pi/2-BPSK等，本申请实施例对此不做限定。
在所述第一调制符号与所述第一数据和/或所述第二数据满足映射关系的一种可能的实施方式中，所述第一调制符号与所述第一数据和所述第二数据满足映射关系。
示例性地，上述映射关系为
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000122
其中，
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000123
为所述第一数据包括的一个第一实数，
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000124
为所述第二数据包括的一个第二实数，
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000125
为所述第一调制符号，j为虚数单位。该映射关系可以理解为图5中的调制模块采用QPSK调制方式时所述第一调制符号与所述第一数据和所述第二数据满足的映射关系。所述节点根据该映射关系，输入所述第一实数
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000126
和所述第二实数
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000127
并生成一个复数的第一调制符号
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000128
可以理解的是，
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000129
可以不等于
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000130
也可以等于
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000131
本申请对所述第一实数
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000132
和所述第二实数
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000133
的大小关系并不做限定。通过上述示例性的方法，可以通过QPSK调制方式实现软调制(也可称为QPSK软调制)，降低了软调制的实现复杂度。
示例性地，上述映射关系为
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000134
其中，
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000135
和
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000136
为所述第一数据包括的两个第一实数，
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000137
和
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000138
为所述第二数据包括的两个第二实数，
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000139
为所述第一调制符号，j为虚数单位。该映射关系可以理解为图5中的调制模块采用16QAM调制方式时所述第一调制符号与所述第一数据和所述第二数据满足的映射关系。所述节点根据该映射关系，输入所述第一实数
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000140
和
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000141
以及所述第二实数
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000142
和
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000143
并生成一个复数的第一调制符号
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000144
可以理解的是，本申请对所述第一实数
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000145
和
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000146
以及所述第二实数
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000147
和
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000148
的大小关系并不做限定。通过上述示例性的方法，可以通过16QAM调制方式实现软调制(也可称为16QAM软调制)，降低了软调制的实现复杂度。
可以理解的是，上述实施方式中的上述映射关系也可以是其他调制方式对应的所述第一调制符号与所述第一数据和所述第二数据满足的映射关系，例如其他调制方式可以是BPSK、64QAM、256QAM、512QAM、1024QAM、或pi/2-BPSK等，本申请实施例对此不做限定。另外可以理解的是，上述实施方式并不限定上述映射关系中所述第一数据和所述第二数据在所述映射关系中的具体位置，只要上述映射关系中同时存在所 述第一数据和所述第二数据，均属于本申请实施例的保护范围。
可选地，在上述400部分中，所述节点可以根据第六数据获得所述第一数据和/或所述第二数据。其中所述第六数据可以理解为所述节点对上一发送节点的数据解调或译码获得的原始软信息，该第六数据包括一个或多个第六实数，该第六实数的取值范围在A到B之间。可以理解的是，A到B之间的范围一般大于0到1之间的范围或-1到1之间的范围，例如A表示负无穷、B表示正无穷，或者A表示-30、B表示30等，本申请实施例对A和B的具体取值并不做限定。
在上述400部分所述节点根据第六数据获得所述第一数据的一种可能的实施方式中，所述第六数据与所述第一数据满足
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000149
其中L为所述第六数据(也可理解为该第六数据包括的一个第六实数)，
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000150
为所述第一数据(也可理解为该第一数据包括的一个第一实数)，且该
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000151
为大于或等于0且小于或等于1的实数。通过该实施方式，可以将转发节点获得的取值范围很大的原始软信息(例如负无穷到正无穷的取值范围)压缩至0到1的范围内，从而能够降低后续操作(例如调制)的复杂度。
在上述400部分所述节点根据第六数据获得所述第一数据的另一种可能的实施方式中，所述节点对所述第六数据量化获得所述第一数据。示例性地，可以采用表1示意的表格对所述第六数据量化获得所述第一数据。表1中的左列示意了几种第六数据L(也可理解为该第六数据包括的一个第六实数)的取值区间，其中，A和B分别表示L的下限值和上限值，c k表示一个正实数，-c k表示一个负实数，k是大于或等于0且小于或等于N的整数，[a,b]表示取值区间为大于或等于a且小于或等于b，[a,b)表示取值区间为大于或等于a且小于b。表1中的右列示意了几种第一数据
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000152
(也可理解为该第一数据包括的一个第一实数)的取值，其中d l表示一个大于或等于0且小于或等于1的实数，l是大于或等于0且小于或等于2N的整数。所述节点获得第六数据L，确定该第六数据L的取值落入了表1左列的哪个取值区间，并确定该取值区间对应的表1右列的取值为该第六数据L被量化后的第一数据
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000153
的取值。可以理解的是，表1仅示意了一种可能的第六数据L与第一数据
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000154
之间对应关系的表现形式，本申请实施例并不限定具体的第六数据L与第一数据
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000155
之间对应关系的表现形式，对于其他可能的对应关系的表现形式也属于本申请实施例的保护范畴。另外可以理解的是，表1中示意的第六数据L的取值区间可以是对区间[A,B]进行均匀划分得到的，也可以是对区间[A,B]进行非均匀划分得到的，本申请实施例对此不做限定。通过该实施方式，可以通过简单的量化方式将转发节点获得的取值范围很大的原始软信息(例如负无穷到正无穷的取值范围)压缩至0到1的范围内，从而使得转发节点无需做复杂的运算，且能够降低后续操作(例如调制)的复杂度。
表1
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000156
在上述400部分所述节点根据第六数据获得所述第二数据的一种可能的实施方式中，所述第六数据与所述第二数据满足
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000157
其中L为所述第六数据(也可理解为该第六数据包括的一个第六实数)，
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000158
为所述第二数据(也可理解为该第二数据包括的一个第二实数)，且该
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000159
为大于或等于-1且小于或等于1的实数。通过该实施方式，可以将转发节点获得的取值范围很大的原始软信息(例如负无穷到正无穷的取值范围)压缩至-1到1的范围内，从而能够降低后续操作(例如调制)的复杂度。
在上述400部分所述节点根据第六数据获得所述第二数据的另一种可能的实施方式中，所述节点对所述第六数据量化获得所述第二数据。示例性地，可以采用表2示意的表格对所述第六数据量化获得所述第二数据。表2中的左列示意了几种第六数据L(也可理解为该第六数据包括的一个第六实数)的取值区间，其中，A′和B′分别表示L的下限值和上限值，c′ k表示一个正实数，-c′ k表示一个负实数，k是大于0且小于或等于N’的整数，[a′,b′]表示取值区间为大于或等于a’且小于或等于b’，[a′,b′)表示取值区间为大于或等于a’且小于b’。表2中的右列示意了几种第二数据
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000160
(也可理解为该第二数据包括的一个第二实数)的取值，其中d′ l表示一个大于或等于0且小于或等于1的实数，-d′ l表示一个大于或等于-1且小于或等于0的实数，l是大于或等于0且小于或等于N’的整数。所述节点获得第六数据L，确定该第六数据L的取值落入了表2左列的哪个取值区间，并确定该取值区间对应的表2右列的取值为该第六数据L被量化后的第二数据
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000161
的取值。可以理解的是，表2仅示意了一种可能的第六数据L与第二数据
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000162
之间对应关系的表现形式，本申请实施例并不限定具体的第六数据L与第二数据
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000163
之间对应关系的表现形式，对于其他可能的对应关系的表现形式也属于本申请实施例的保护范畴。另外可以理解的是，表2中示意的第六数据L的取值区间可以是对区间[A′,B′]进行均匀划分得到的，也可以是对区间[A′,B′]进行非均匀划分得到的，本申请实施例对此不做限定。通过该实施方式，可以通过简单的量化方式将转发节点获得的取值范围很大的原始软信息(例如负无穷到正无穷的取值范围)压缩至-1到1的范围内，从而使得转发节点无需做复杂的运算，且能够降低后续操作(例如调制)的复杂度。
表2
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000164
在上述400部分所述节点根据第六数据获得所述第一数据和所述第二数据的一种可能的实施方式中，所述第六数据与所述第一数据满足
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000165
所述第六数据与所述第二数据满足
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000166
其中L为所述第六数据(也可理解为该第六数据包括的一个第六实数)，
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000167
为所述第一数据(也可理解为该第一数据包括的一个第一实数)，且该
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000168
为大于或等于0且小于或等于1的实数，
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000169
为所述第二数据(也可理解为该第二数据包括的一个第二实数)，且该
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000170
为大于或等于-1且小于或等于1的实数。通过该实施方式，可以将转发节点获得的取值范围很大的原始软信息(例如负无穷到正无穷的取值范围)压缩至0到1以及-1到1的范围内，从而能够降低后续操作(例如调制)的复杂度。
在上述400部分所述节点根据第六数据获得所述第一数据和所述第二数据的另一种可能的实施方式中，所述节点对所述第六数据量化获得所述第一数据和所述第二数据。示例性地，可以采用表1和表2示意的表格对所述第六数据量化获得所述第一数据和所述第二数据，具体的量化过程可参考前述对表1和表2的描述，此处不再赘述。通过该实施方式，可以通过简单的量化方式将转发节点获得的取值范围很大的原始软信息(例如负无穷到正无穷的取值范围)压缩至0到1以及-1到1的范围内，从而使得转发节点无需做复杂的运算，且能够降低后续操作(例如调制)的复杂度。
在上述400部分所述节点根据第六数据获得所述第一数据和所述第二数据的另一种可能的实施方式中，所述节点对所述第六数据量化获得所述第一数据，并且所述第六数据与所述第二数据满足
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000171
其中L为所述第六数据(也可理解为该第六数据包括的一个第六实数)，
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000172
为所述第二数据(也可理解为该第二数据包括的一个第二实数)，且该
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000173
为大于或等于-1且小于或等于1的实数。示例性地，可以采用表1示意的表格对所述第六数据量化获得所述第一数据，具体的量化过程可参考前述对表1的描述，此处不再赘述。通过该实施方式，可以通过将转发节点获得的取值范围很大的原始软信息(例如负无穷到正无穷的取值范围)压缩至0到1以及-1到1的范围内，从而使得转发节点无需做复杂的运算，且能够降低后续操作(例如调制)的复杂度。
在上述400部分所述节点根据第六数据获得所述第一数据和所述第二数据的另一种可能的实施方式中，所述节点对所述第六数据量化获得所述第二数据，并且所述第六数据与所述第一数据满足
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000174
其中L为所述第六数据(也可理解为该第六数据包括的一个第六实数)，
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000175
为所述第一数据(也可理解为该第一数据包括的一个第一实数)，且该
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000176
为大于或等于0且小于或等于1的实数。示例性地，可以采用表2示意的表格对所述第六数据量化获得所述第二数据，具体的量化过程可参考前述对表2的描述，此处不再赘述。通过该实施方式，可以通过将转发节点获得的取值范围很大的原始软信息(例如负无穷到正无穷的取值范围)压缩至0到1以及-1到1的范围内，从而使得转发节点无需做复杂的运算，且能够降低后续操作(例如调制)的复杂度。
通过上述400部分描述的软调制，能够在复平面上生成更多可能的调制星座点。
以QPSK调制方式为例。QPSK硬调制仅能生成复平面上的四个星座点中的一个(如图6A所示的四个星座点)；而通过上述400部分描述的软调制，QPSK软调制则能生成复平面上的四个星座点、以及该四个星座点构成的平面上的任意星座点中的一个(如图6A所示，四个星座点构成的平面上的任意星座点采用斜杠阴影示意)。
以16QAM调制方式为例。16QAM硬调制仅能生成复平面上的16个星座点中的 一个(如图6B所示的16个星座点)；而通过上述400部分描述的软调制，16QAM软调制则能生成复平面上的16个星座点、以及该16个星座点中的4个角上的星座点构成的平面上的任意星座点中的一个(如图6B所示，4个角上的星座点构成的平面上的任意星座点采用斜杠阴影示意)。
可以理解的是，图6A和图6B示意的本申请实施例提供的调制星座点的示意同样适用于其他的调制方式，例如BPSK、64QAM、256QAM、512QAM、1024QAM、和pi/2-BPSK等。
可以理解的是，软调制和硬调制仅是本申请实施例中两种不同调制方式的名称，并不影响本申请实施例的保护范围，任何与本申请实施例实质相同但名称不同的调制方式均属于本申请的保护范畴。
在本申请实施例的410部分中，节点对400部分获得的第一调制符号进行量化获得目标符号，该目标符号对应第二调制方式的多个星座点中的一个，其中第二调制方式为BPSK、QPSK、16QAM、64QAM、256QAM、512QAM、或1024QAM。该过程也可以理解为将软调制获得的软调制符号量化为硬调制对应的硬调制符号。由于上述第一调制符号和目标符号与复平面上的星座点(或者称为调制星座点)对应，因此该过程还可以理解为将软调制获得的星座点量化为硬调制对应的星座点。
示例性地，上述硬调制的调制阶数高于上述软调制的调制阶数。以图7A为例，图7A左侧示意了QPSK软调制可能获得的星座点(具体可参考图6A的描述)，图7A右侧示意了16QAM硬调制可能获得的星座点，其中16QAM的调制阶数高于QPSK的调制阶数。节点可以将图7A左侧示意的阴影范围内的一个星座点量化为图7A右侧示意的16个星座点中的一个。以图7B左侧示意的阴影范围内的星形星座点为例，节点可以将该星形星座点量化为图7B右侧示意的16个星座点中的星形星座点。
示例性地，上述硬调制的调制阶数等于上述软调制的调制阶数。以图8A为例，图8A左侧示意了QPSK软调制可能获得的星座点(具体可参考图6A的描述)，图8A右侧示意了QPSK硬调制可能获得的星座点，其中QPSK的调制阶数等于QPSK的调制阶数。。节点可以将图8A左侧示意的阴影范围内的一个星座点量化为图8A右侧示意的4个星座点中的一个。以图8B左侧示意的阴影范围内的星形星座点为例，节点可以将该星形星座点量化为图8B右侧示意的4个星座点中的星形星座点。
示例性地，上述硬调制的调制阶数低于上述软调制的调制阶数。以图9A为例，图9A左侧示意了QPSK软调制可能获得的星座点(具体可参考图6A的描述)，图9A右侧示意了BPSK硬调制可能获得的星座点，其中BPSK的调制阶数低于QPSK的调制阶数。节点可以将图9A左侧示意的阴影范围内的一个星座点量化为图9A右侧示意的两个星座点中的一个。以图9B左侧示意的阴影范围内的星形星座点为例，节点可以将该星形星座点量化为图9B右侧示意的两个星座点中的星形星座点。
图10示意了上述410部分的一种可能的实施方式，包括：
1000部分：对第一实部取值和第一参数(该第一参数可被表示为β)进行第一运算获得第二实部取值，对第一虚部取值和所述第一参数进行所述第一运算获得第二虚部取值。所述第一实部取值为第一调制符号(也可称为软调制符号)的实部取值，所述第一虚部取值为所述第一调制符号(也可称为软调制符号)的虚部取值。1000部分 可以理解为对软调制符号进行的量化前处理。所述第一运算为乘法运算、除法运算、加法运算、或减法运算。
1010部分：对所述第二实部取值进行量化获得第三实部取值，对所述第二虚部取值进行量化获得第三虚部取值。1010部分可以理解为对软调制符号进行的量化处理。
1020部分：对所述第三实部取值和所述第一参数进行第二运算获得目标实部取值，对所述第三虚部取值和所述第一参数进行所述第二运算获得目标虚部取值。所述目标实部取值为目标符号(也可称为硬调制符号)的实部取值，所述目标虚部取值为所述目标符号(也可称为硬调制符号)的虚部取值。所述第二运算为所述第一运算的逆运算(即如果所述第一运算为乘法运算，则所述第二运算为除法运算；如果所述第一运算为除法运算，则所述第二运算为乘法运算；如果所述第一运算为加法运算，则所述第二运算为减法运算；如果所述第一运算为减法运算，则所述第二运算为加法运算)。1020部分可以理解为对软调制符号进行的量化后处理。
通过图10所示的实施方式，可以使量化后的目标符号保持与第一调制方式的符号(即第一调制符号)相同的量纲。
图10中的第一参数可以理解为调整因子，该调整因子的作用可以理解为将上述软调制符号的取值范围与上述硬调制符号的取值范围进行适配。该第一参数β可以根据上述软调制符号的调制方式和上述硬调制符号的调制方式确定。例如，所述第一参数β的取值可以如表3所示。以上述软调制符号的调制方式为QPSK(也可以称为QPSK软调制)，上述硬调制符号的调制方式为16QAM(也可以称为16QAM硬调制)为例，从表3中获得
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000177
以上述软调制符号的调制方式为QPSK(也可以称为QPSK软调制)，上述硬调制符号的调制方式为64QAM(也可以称为16QAM硬调制)为例，从表3中获得
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000178
以上述软调制符号的调制方式为QPSK(也可以称为QPSK软调制)，上述硬调制符号的调制方式为QPSK(也可以称为QPSK硬调制)为例，从表3中获得β＝1。
表3
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000179
可以理解的是，表3仅示意了所述第一参数的一种可能的取值，该第一参数也可 以有其他取值。例如，该第一参数的取值也可以是表3中取值的倒数。另外可以理解的是，表3仅示意了一种可能的第一参数的取值与软调制符号的调制方式和硬调制符号的调制方式的关系的表现形式，其他的表现形式也属于本申请实施例的保护范围。
在上述1010部分的量化处理中，可以根据所述第二实部取值属于的取值范围确定所述第三实部取值，根据所述第二虚部取值属于的取值范围确定所述第三虚部取值。
示例性地，以上述硬调制符号的调制方式为16QAM(也可以称为16QAM硬调制)为例，表4示意了一种可能的所述第二实部取值的取值范围与所述第三实部取值的对应关系，以及所述第二虚部取值的取值范围与所述第三虚部取值的对应关系。根据所述第二实部取值，确定该第二实部取值落入了表4左列的哪个取值范围，并确定该取值范围对应的表4右列的取值为该第二实部取值被量化后的第三实部取值。根据所述第二虚部取值，确定该第二虚部取值落入了表4左列的哪个取值范围，并确定该取值范围对应的表4右列的取值为该第二虚部取值被量化后的第三虚部取值。
表4
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000180
示例性地，以上述硬调制符号的调制方式为64QAM(也可以称为64QAM硬调制)为例，表5示意了一种可能的所述第二实部取值的取值范围与所述第三实部取值的对应关系，以及所述第二虚部取值的取值范围与所述第三虚部取值的对应关系。根据所述第二实部取值，确定该第二实部取值落入了表5左列的哪个取值范围，并确定该取值范围对应的表5右列的取值为该第二实部取值被量化后的第三实部取值。根据所述第二虚部取值，确定该第二虚部取值落入了表5左列的哪个取值范围，并确定该取值范围对应的表5右列的取值为该第二虚部取值被量化后的第三虚部取值。
表5
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000181
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000182
可以理解的是，表4和表5中示意的第二实部取值/第二虚部取值的取值范围仅起示意作用，本申请实施例并不限制对上述取值范围的划分。表4和表5仅以第二调制方式为16QAM和64QAM为例示意了可能的量化关系，其他的第二调制方式下的量化关系同样在本申请实施例的保护范围内。另外可以理解的是，表4或表5中的第一列和第二列中的取值也可以乘以同一个实数(该实数可以视为一个标量因子)。
图10中，以所述第一调制符号被表示成
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000183
所述第一参数β的取值为表3中的取值为例，其中
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000184
为所述第一实部取值，
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000185
为所述第一虚部取值。所述第一运算为乘法运算，所述第二运算为除法运算(即乘法运算的逆运算)。
在图10中的1000部分中，对所述第一实部取值
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000186
和所述第一参数β进行乘法运算获得第二实部取值
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000187
对所述第一虚部取值
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000188
和所述第一参数β进行乘法运算获得第二虚部取值
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000189
在图10中的1010部分中，对上述第二实部取值
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000190
进行量化获得第三实部取值Q R_Mod2，对上述第二虚部取值
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000191
进行量化获得第三虚部取值Q I_Mod2。例如，可以依据表4或表5的示意，根据所述第二实部取值
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000192
获得所述第三实部取值Q R_Mod2，根据所述第二虚部取值
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000193
获得所述第三虚部取值Q I_Mod2。
在图10中的1020部分中，对上述第三实部取值Q R_Mod2和上述第一参数β进行除法运算获得目标实部取值Q R_Mod2/β，对上述第三虚部取值Q I_Mod2和所述第一参数β进行除法运算获得目标虚部取值Q I_Mod2/β。则获得的目标符号被表示为Q R_Mod2/β+jQ I_Mod2/β。
可以理解的是，所述第一参数β的取值也可以是表3中取值的倒数，此时上述图10的示例中的第一运算为除法运算，上述示例中的第二运算为乘法运算。当β＝1时，所述第一实部取值等于所述第二实部取值，所述第一虚部取值等于所述第二虚部取值。此时，也可以理解为不执行1000部分，即将所述第一实部取值作为所述第二实部取值、并将所述第一虚部取值作为所述第二虚部取值，从1010部分开始执行。
图11示意了上述410部分的另一种可能的实施方式，包括：
1100部分：对第一实部取值和第一参数(该第一参数可被表示为β)进行第一运算获得第二实部取值，对第一虚部取值和所述第一参数进行所述第一运算获得第二虚部取值。所述第一实部取值为第一调制符号(也可称为软调制符号)的实部取值，所述第一虚部取值为所述第一调制符号(也可称为软调制符号)的虚部取值。1100部分可以理解为对软调制符号进行的量化前处理。所述第一运算为乘法运算、除法运算、加法运算、或减法运算。
1110部分：对所述第二实部取值进行量化获得目标实部取值，对所述第二虚部取 值进行量化获得目标虚部取值。所述目标实部取值为目标符号(也可称为硬调制符号)的实部取值，所述目标虚部取值为所述目标符号(也可称为硬调制符号)的虚部取值。1110部分可以理解为对软调制符号进行的量化处理。
通过图11所示的实施方式，可以使量化后的目标符号保持与第二调制方式相同的量纲。
图11中的第一参数可参考对图10中的第一参数的描述，图11中1110部分的量化可参考对图10中1010部分的量化的描述，此处不再赘述。
图11中，以所述第一调制符号被表示成
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000194
所述第一参数β的取值为表3中的取值为例，其中
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000195
为所述第一实部取值，
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000196
为所述第一虚部取值。所述第一运算为乘法运算。
在图11中的1100部分中，对所述第一实部取值
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000197
和所述第一参数β进行乘法运算获得第二实部取值
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000198
对所述第一虚部取值
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000199
和所述第一参数β进行乘法运算获得第二虚部取值
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000200
在图11中的1110部分中，对上述第二实部取值
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000201
进行量化获得目标实部取值Q R_Mod2，对上述第二虚部取值
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000202
进行量化获得目标虚部取值Q I_Mod2。例如，可以依据表4或表5的示意，根据所述第二实部取值
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000203
获得所述目标实部取值Q R_Mod2，根据所述第二虚部取值
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000204
获得所述目标虚部取值Q I_Mud2。则获得的目标符号被表示为Q R_Mod2+jQ I_Mod2。
可以理解的是，所述第一参数β的取值也可以是表3中取值的倒数，此时上述图11的示例中的第一运算为除法运算。当β＝1时，所述第一实部取值等于所述第二实部取值，所述第一虚部取值等于所述第二虚部取值。此时，也可以理解为不执行1100部分，即将所述第一实部取值作为所述第二实部取值、并将所述第一虚部取值作为所述第二虚部取值，从1110部分开始执行。
可选地，节点可控制开启或关闭图4示意的软调制符号量化操作。图12为本申请实施例提供的一种开启软调制符号量化的示意图，包括：
1200部分：节点2接收第一控制信息，所述第一控制信息由节点1发送。所述第一控制信息包括第一指示信息和/或节点2的标识信息。所述节点2的标识信息指示所述节点2，所述第一指示信息指示所述节点2执行图4示意的方法。
1210部分：所述节点2执行图4示意的方法。详细描述可参考上述对图4的描述，此处不再赘述。
上述“执行图4示意的方法”可以理解为执行图4的400部分和410部分，也可以理解为执行图4的400部分、410部分、420部分和430部分。上述节点2也可以理解为图4中的节点。
通过图12示意的方法，可以根据数据发送的需求开启图4示意的数据发送方法或软调制符号量化方法，能够通知节点使用合适的调制方式，从而提高数据发送的鲁棒性。
上述1200部分中，所述节点2接收所述第一控制信息，并根据所述第一控制信息确定量化图4/图5中所述第一调制符号获得图4/图5中所述目标符号。
示例性地，所述第一控制信息包括的第一指示信息指示所述节点2量化所述第一调制符号获得所述目标符号；或者，
所述第一控制信息包括的第一指示信息指示图4中所述第二调制方式，所述节点2根据该第二调制方式，量化所述第一调制符号获得所述目标符号；或者，
所述第一控制信息包括的第一指示信息指示图4中所述第二调制方式，并指示所述节点2量化所述第一调制符号获得所述目标符号。
可选地，上述第一指示信息指示前述的第一参数，上述节点2根据该第一参数能够进行正确的数据调制。
图12中的第一控制信息可以包含在物理层信息和/或高层信息中。例如，上述第一控制信息可以包含在物理层信息中，所述物理层信息例如可以是来自网络设备的下行控制信息(downlink control information，DCI)，又例如也可以是来自终端的旁链路控制信息
(sidelink control information，SCI)或上行控制信息(uplink control information，UCI)；其中，DCI是由网络设备发送由终端接收的信息，SCI是由终端发送由另一个终端接收的信息，UCI是由终端发送由网络设备接收的信息。又例如，上述第一控制信息可以包含在高层信息中，所述高层信息例如可以包含在来自网络设备或终端的媒体接入控制(media access control，MAC)层消息或无线资源控制(radio resource control，RRC)层消息。
在一种可能的上述第一控制信息包含在物理层信息的实施方式中，可以重用DCI或SCI中的调制编码方式(modulation coding scheme，MCS)指示域中的一个或多个比特承载所述第一控制信息中的所述第一指示信息。
在上述第一指示信息指示图4中所述第二调制方式的一种可能的实施方式中，所述第一指示信息指示所述第二调制方式的标识或索引。
在上述第一指示信息指示图4中所述第二调制方式的另一种可能的实施方式中，所述第一指示信息指示所述第二调制方式相对于第一调制方式的偏移量(也可称为偏置)。例如，可以预定义索引/标识与上述偏移量之间的对应关系，所述第一指示信息通过指示所述索引/标识来指示上述偏移量。
上述偏移量可以是所述第二调制方式的调制阶数与所述第一调制方式的调制阶数的偏移量。例如，第二调制方式为16QAM(调制阶数为4)、第一调制方式为QPSK(调制阶数为2)，则上述偏移量为2或-2。再例如，第二调制方式为16QAM(调制阶数为4)、第一调制方式为16QAM(调制阶数为4)，则上述偏移量为0。
上述偏移量也可以是在多种调制方式按一定顺序排列时，所述第二调制方式与所述第一调制方式的偏移量。以三种调制方式{QPSK，16QAM，64QAM}的排列顺序为例。例如，第二调制方式为16QAM、第一调制方式为QPSK，则上述偏移量为1或-1。再例如，第二调制方式为64QAM、第一调制方式为QPSK，则上述偏移量为2或-2。又例如，第二调制方式为16QAM、第一调制方式为16QAM，则上述偏移量为0。
可选地，节点可以通知其他节点与软调制符号量化相关的信息。图13为本申请实施例提供的一种通知软调制符号量化相关信息的示意图，包括：
1300部分：节点2发送第二控制信息，所述第二控制信息可以由节点1接收。所述第二控制信息包括第二指示信息和/或节点1的标识信息。所述节点1的标识信息指示所述节点1，所述节点1根据所述第二指示信息接收所述节点2发送的数据。
1310部分：所述节点2执行图4示意的方法。详细描述可参考上述对图4的描述，此处不再赘述。
上述“执行图4示意的方法”可以理解为执行图4的400部分和410部分，也可以理解为执行图4的400部分、410部分、420部分和430部分。上述节点2也可以理解为图4中的节点。
可以理解的是，图13并不限定1300部分和1310部分具体的执行顺序。例如，可以先执行1300部分，再执行1310部分；再例如，也可以先执行1310部分，再执行1300部分；又例如，还可以1300部分和1310部分同时执行。
通过图13示意的方法，可以通知数据接收节点使用合适的数据接收方法，从而提高数据接收的鲁棒性。
在上述1300部分的一种可能的实施方式中，所述第二指示信息指示图4中的第一调制方式，所述节点1按照所述第一调制方式解调所述节点2发送的数据。可选地，所述第二指示信息指示图4中的第二调制方式，所述节点1按照所述第二调制方式解调所述节点2发送的数据；此外，所述节点1还可以通过所述第一调制方式和所述第二调制方式获得前述的第一参数，从而在接收数据时能够根据该第一参数进行正确的数据解调。可选地，所述第二指示信息指示前述的第一参数，所述节点1根据该第一参数在接收数据时能够根据该第一参数进行正确的数据解调。
图13中第二控制信息的具体实现方法可参考之前对第一控制信息的描述，此处不再赘述。
图4示意的本申请实施例还可以理解为一种将一种硬调制方式生成的第一硬调制符号量化为另一种硬调制方式对应的第二硬调制符号，并发送该第二硬调制符号的方法。图14示出了本申请实施例提供的将硬调制生成的第一硬调制符号量化为第二硬调制符号，并发送该量化后的第二硬调制符号的示意框图。在图14中，硬调制的过程为输入硬信息(该硬信息为0或1的硬比特信息，或者为-1或1的硬符号信息)进行调制，经过硬调制将输出第一调制符号，该第一调制符号也可以称为第一硬调制符号。硬调制获得第一调制符号后，对该第一调制符号进行量化获得目标符号，该目标符号也可以称为第二硬调制符号。获得目标符号后，对该目标符号进行预处理(其中，预处理的过程包括层映射、天线端口映射、预编码、或变换预编码中的一种或多种)获得待发送数据，将该待发送数据映射至物理资源(即进行资源映射)，并使用该物理资源发送该待发送数据。
采用上述的本申请实施例提供的方法，可以将软调制产生的软调制符号量化到有限数量的星座点上再进行发送，从而能够获得较低的PAPR和/或较低的EVM，从而能够同时保证中射频指标。
图15为本申请实施例提供的另一种数据发送方法的流程示意图。可以理解的是，本申请实施例中的数据发送方法所发送的数据可以是包含控制信息的数据，也可以是包含业务信息的数据，还可以是既包含控制信息也包含业务信息的数据。如图15所示，该实施例的方法可以包括：
1500部分：节点根据第二数据获得第四数据。所述第二数据包括一个或多个第二实数，所述第二实数大于或等于-1且小于或等于1。所述第四数据包括多个第四实数，所述第四实数等于-1或等于1。可以理解的是，本申请实施例中的节点可以是终端，也可以是网络设备。
1510部分：所述节点根据所述第四数据生成与第二调制方式对应的第二调制符号。该第二调制方式为BPSK、QPSK、16QAM、64QAM、256QAM、512QAM、或1024QAM。
1520部分：所述节点预处理所述第二调制符号获得待发送数据，所述预处理包括层映射、天线端口映射、预编码、或变换预编码中的一种或多种。上述预处理可以理解为将上述目标符号映射到物理资源前需要完成的处理操作。
1530部分：所述节点将所述待发送数据映射至物理资源，并使用所述物理资源发送所述待发送数据。所述物理资源可以包含时域资源，频域资源，码域资源，或，空域资源中的一种或多种。例如，所述物理资源所包含的时域资源可以包含至少一个帧、至少一个子帧(sub-frame)、至少一个时隙(slot)、至少一个微时隙(mini-slot)、或者至少一个时域符号等。例如，所述物理资源所包含的频域资源可以包含至少一个载波(carrier)、至少一个单元载波(component carrier，CC)、至少一个带宽部分(bandwidth part，BWP)、至少一个资源块组(resource block group，RBG)、至少一个物理资源块组(physical resource-block group，PRG)、至少一个资源块(resource block，RB)、或至少一个子载波(sub-carrier，SC)等。例如，所述物理资源所包含的空域资源可以包含至少一个波束、至少一个端口、至少一个天线端口、或者至少一个层/空间层等。例如，所述物理资源所包含的码域资源可以包含至少一个正交覆盖码(orthogonal cover code，OCC)、或者至少一个非正交多址码(non-orthogonal multiple access，NOMA)等。
可以理解的是，上述物理资源可以是基带的物理资源，该基带的物理资源可以被基带芯片使用；上述物理资源也可以是空中接口的物理资源；上述物理资源还可以是中频或射频的物理资源。
图15示意的本申请实施例可以理解为一种将软信息映射为待调制信息，对该待调制信息进行调制获得硬调制符号，并发送该硬调制符号的方法。图16示出了本申请实施例提供的示意框图。在图16中，对软信息进行软信息映射获得待调制信息，该软信息也可以理解为图15中的第二数据，该待调制信息也可以理解为图15中的第四数据。获得待调制信息后，对该待调制信息进行调制(硬调制)获得第二调制符号，该第二调制符号也可以称为硬调制符号。获得第二调制符号后，对该第二调制符号进行预处理(其中，预处理的过程包括层映射、天线端口映射、预编码、或变换预编码中的一种或多种)获得待发送数据，将该待发送数据映射至物理资源(即进行资源映射)，并使用该物理资源发送该待发送数据。
采用上述的本申请实施例提供的方法，可以将软信息调制到有限数量的星座点上再进行发送，从而能够获得较低的PAPR和/或较低的EVM，从而能够同时保证中射频指标，使软信息的调制信号能够通过中频/射频器件发送出去。
在上述1500部分和1510部分一种可能的实施方式中，所述第二数据(也可以理解为软信息)包括两个第二实数
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000205
和
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000206
所述第四数据包括四个第四实数a 0、a 1、a 2和a 3。通过图16中示意的软信息映射，根据
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000207
获得a 0和a 2，根据
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000208
获得a 1和a 3，并对该a 0、a 1、a 2和a 3采用16QAM(即第二调制方式)调制获得第二调制符号Q，即满足
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000209
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000210
以表6和表7为例，表6示意了一种可能的
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000211
与a 0和a 2的映射关系(也可以称为对 应关系)，表7示意了一种可能的
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000212
与a 1和a 3的映射关系。节点获得
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000213
确定
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000214
的取值落入了表6第一列的哪个取值区间，并确定该取值区间对应的表6第二列和第三列的取值为该
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000215
映射出来的a 0和a 2的取值。节点获得
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000216
确定
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000217
的取值落入了表7第一列的哪个取值区间，并确定该取值区间对应的表7第二列和第三列的取值为该
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000218
映射出来的a 1和a 3的取值。
表6
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000219
表7
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000220
在上述1500部分和1510部分另一种可能的实施方式中，所述第二数据(也可以理解为软信息)包括四个第二实数
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000221
和
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000222
所述第四数据包括六个第四实数a 0、a 1、a 2、a 3、a 4和a 5。通过图16中示意的软信息映射，根据
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000223
获得a 0，根据
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000224
获得a 2和a 4，根据
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000225
获得a 1，根据
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000226
获得a 3和a 5，并对该a 0、a 1、a 2、a 3、a 4和a 5采用64QAM(即第二调制方式)调制获得第二调制符号Q，即满足
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000227
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000228
以表8、表9、表10和表11为例，表8示意了一种可能的
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000229
与a 0的映射关系(也可以称为对应关系)，表9示意了一种可能的
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000230
与a 1的映射关系，表10示意了一种可能的
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000231
与a 2和a 4的映射关系，表11示意了一种可能的
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000232
与a 3和a 5的映射关系。节点根据
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000233
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000234
和
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000235
的取值范围获得a 0、a 1、a 2、a 3、a 4和a 5的取值的描述可参考前述对表6或表7的描述，此处不再赘述。
表8
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000236
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000237
表9
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000238
表10
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000239
表11
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000240
在上述1500部分和1510部分另一种可能的实施方式中，所述第二数据(也可以理解为软信息)包括两个第二实数
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000241
和
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000242
所述第四数据包括六个第四实数a 0、a 1、a 2、a 3、a 4和a 5。通过图16中示意的软信息映射，根据
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000243
获得a 0、a 2和a 4，根据
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000244
获得a 1、a 3和a 5，并对该a 0、a 1、a 2、a 3、a 4和a 5采用64QAM(即第二调制方式)调制获得第二调制符号Q，即满足
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000245
以表12和表13为例，表12示意了一种可能的
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000246
与a 0、a 2和a 4的映射关系(也可以称为对应关系)，表13示意了一种可能的
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000247
与a 1、a 2和a 3的映射关系。节点根据
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000248
和
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000249
的取值范围获得a 0、a 1、a 2、a 3、a 4和a 5的取值的描述可参考前述对表6或表7的描述，此处不再赘述。
表12
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000250
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000251
表13
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000252
上述1500部分和1510部分还可以使用下述1500-1部分和1510-1部分替代：
1500-1部分：节点根据第二数据获得第五数据。所述第二数据包括一个或多个第二实数，所述第二实数大于或等于-1且小于或等于1。所述第五数据包括多个第五实数，所述第五实数等于0或等于1。
1510-1部分：所述节点根据所述第五数据生成与第二调制方式对应的第二调制符号。
在上述1500-1部分和1510-1部分一种可能的实施方式中，所述第二数据(也可以理解为软信息)包括两个第二实数
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000253
和
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000254
所述第五数据包括四个第五实数b 0、b 1、b 2和b 3。通过图16中示意的软信息映射，根据
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000255
获得b 0和b 2，根据
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000256
获得b 1和b 3，并对该b 0、b 1、 b 2和b 3采用16QAM(即第二调制方式)调制获得第二调制符号Q，即满足
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000257
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000258
以表14和表15为例，表14示意了一种可能的
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000259
与b 0和b 2的映射关系(也可以称为对应关系)，表15示意了一种可能的
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000260
与b 1和b 3的映射关系。节点根据
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000261
和
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000262
的取值范围获得b 0、b 1、b 2和b 3的取值的描述可参考前述对表6或表7的描述，此处不再赘述。
表14
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000263
表15
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000264
上述1500部分还可以使用下述1500-2部分替代：
1500-2部分：节点根据第三数据获得第四数据。所述第三数据包括多个第三实数，所述第三实数的取值范围为负无穷到正无穷。所述第四数据包括多个第四实数，所述第四实数等于-1或等于1。
在上述1500-2部分和1510部分一种可能的实施方式中，所述第三数据(也可以理解为软信息)包括两个第三实数
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000265
和
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000266
所述第四数据包括四个第四实数a 0、a 1、a 2和a 3。通过图16中示意的软信息映射，根据
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000267
获得a 0和a 2，根据
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000268
获得a 1和a 3，并对该a 0、a 1、a 2和a 3采用16QAM(即第二调制方式)调制获得第二调制符号Q，即满足
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000269
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000270
以表16和表17为例，表16示意了一种可能的
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000271
与a 0和a 2的映射关系(也可以称为对应关系)，表17示意了一种可能的
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000272
与a 1和a 3的映射关系。其中A表示一个正实数，+Lim代表正无穷，-Lim表示负无穷。节点根据
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000273
和
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000274
的取值范围获得a 0、a 1、a 2和a 3的取值的描述可参考前述对表6或表7的描述，此处不再赘述。
表16
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000275
表17
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000276
可以理解的是，表6-表17中示意的第四数据的取值和第二数据的取值范围仅起示意作用，本申请实施例并不限制对上述取值范围的划分，也不限制其他的第二数据的取值范围与第四数据的取值之间的对应关系。
另外可以理解的是，上述1500部分和1510部分还可以使用下述1500-3部分和1510-2部分替代：
1500-3部分：节点根据第一数据、第二数据、或第三数据中的一项或多项获得第四数据和/或第五数据。所述第一数据包括一个或多个第一实数，所述第一实数大于或等于0且小于或等于1。所述第二数据包括一个或多个第二实数，所述第二实数大于或等于-1且小于或等于1。所述第三数据包括一个或多个第三实数，所述第三实数的取值范围为负无穷到正无穷。所述第四数据包括多个第四实数，所述第四实数等于-1或等于1。所述第五数据包括多个第五实数，所述第五实数等于0或等于1。
1510-2部分：所述节点根据所述第四数据和/或所述第五数据生成与第二调制方式对应的第二调制符号。
上述各表所示的对应关系可以被配置，各表中的取值仅仅是举例，可以配置为其他值，本申请并不限定。在配置表中各参数的对应关系时，并不一定要求必须配置各表中示意出的所有对应关系。例如，上述表格中，某些行示出的对应关系也可以不配置。又例如，可以基于上述表格做适当的变形调整，例如，拆分，合并，剪裁等等。上述各表中标题示出参数的名称也可以采用通信设备可理解的其他名称，其参数的取值或表示方式也可以通信设备可理解的其他取值或表示方式。上述各表在实现时，也可以采用其他的数据结构，例如可以采用数组、队列、容器、栈、线性表、指针、链表、树、图、结构体、类、堆、散列表或哈希表等。
本申请中的缺省可以理解为默认或预设。本申请中的缺省值是预定义的值、默认的值或预设的值；本申请中的非缺省值是除上述缺省值以外的值。可以理解的是，本申请对上述缺省值的具体取值并不做限定。
本申请中的预定义可以理解为定义、预先定义、存储、预存储、预协商、预配置、固 化、或预烧制。
可以理解的是，上述各个方法实施例中由通信设备实现的方法，也可以由可用于通信设备的部件(例如，集成电路，芯片等等)实现。
相应于上述方法实施例给出的无线通信方法，本申请实施例还提供了相应的通信装置(也可以称为通信设备)，所述通信装置包括用于执行上述实施例中每个部分相应的模块。所述模块可以是软件，也可以是硬件，或者是软件和硬件结合。
图17给出了一种通信装置的结构示意图。所述通信装置1700可以是图1中的网络设备10或20，也可以是图1中的终端11、12、21或22。可以理解的是，图1中示意的网络设备和终端也可被称为节点。通信装置可用于实现上述方法实施例中描述的对应于通信设备(也可以被称为节点)的方法，具体可以参见上述方法实施例中的说明。
所述通信装置1700可以包括一个或多个处理器1701，所述处理器1701也可以称为处理单元，可以实现一定的控制功能。所述处理器1701可以是通用处理器或者专用处理器等。例如可以是基带处理器或中央处理器。基带处理器可以用于对通信协议以及通信数据进行处理，中央处理器可以用于对通信装置(如，基站、基带芯片，分布单元(distributed unit,DU)或集中单元(centralized unit，CU)等)进行控制，执行软件程序，处理软件程序的数据。
在一种可选的设计中，处理器1701也可以存有指令和/或数据1703，所述指令和/或数据1703可以被所述处理器运行，使得所述通信装置1700执行上述方法实施例中描述的对应于通信设备的方法。
在一个中可选的设计中，处理器1701中可以包括用于实现接收和发送功能的收发单元。例如该收发单元可以是收发电路，或者是接口。用于实现接收和发送功能的电路或接口可以是分开的，也可以集成在一起。
在又一种可能的设计中，通信装置1700可以包括电路，所述电路可以实现前述方法实施例中发送或接收或者通信的功能。
可选的，所述通信装置1700中可以包括一个或多个存储器1702，其上可以存有指令1704，所述指令可在所述处理器上被运行，使得所述通信装置1700执行上述方法实施例中描述的方法。可选的，所述存储器中还可以存储有数据。可选的，处理器中也可以存储指令和/或数据。所述处理器和存储器可以单独设置，也可以集成在一起。例如，上述方法实施例中所描述的各种对应关系可以存储在存储器中，或者存储在处理器中。
可选的，所述通信装置1700还可以包括收发器1705和/或天线1706。所述处理器1701可以称为处理单元，对通信装置(终端或者网络设备)进行控制。所述收发器1705可以称为收发单元、收发机、收发电路或者收发器等，用于实现通信装置的收发功能。
在一种可能的设计中，一种通信装置1700(例如，集成电路、无线设备、电路模块，网络设备，终端等)可包括处理器1701和收发器1705。由处理器1701生成与第一调制方式对应的第一调制符号，并量化所述第一调制符号获得目标符号，所述目标符号对应第二调制方式的多个星座点中的一个。处理器1701预处理所述目标符号获得待发送 数据，所述预处理包括层映射、天线端口映射、预编码、或变换预编码中的一种或多种。由处理器1701所述待发送数据映射至物理资源，由收发器1705使用所述物理资源发送所述待发送数据。
本申请中描述的处理器和收发器可实现在集成电路(integrated circuit，IC)、模拟IC、射频集成电路RFIC、混合信号IC、专用集成电路(application specific integrated circuit，ASIC)、印刷电路板(printed circuit board，PCB)、电子设备等上。该处理器和收发器也可以用各种IC工艺技术来制造，例如互补金属氧化物半导体(complementary metal oxide semiconductor,CMOS)、N型金属氧化物半导体(nMetal-oxide-semiconductor，NMOS)、P型金属氧化物半导体(positive channel metal oxide semiconductor,PMOS)、双极结型晶体管(Bipolar Junction Transistor，BJT)、双极CMOS(BiCMOS)、硅锗(SiGe)、砷化镓(GaAs)等。
虽然在以上的实施例描述中,通信装置以网络设备或者终端为例来描述,但本申请中描述的通信装置的范围并不限于此,而且通信装置的结构可以不受图17的限制。通信装置可以是独立的设备或者可以是较大设备的一部分。例如所述设备可以是：
(1)独立的集成电路IC，或芯片，或，芯片系统或子系统；
(2)具有一个或多个IC的集合，可选的，该IC集合也可以包括用于存储数据和/或指令的存储部件；
(3)ASIC，例如调制解调器(MSM)；
(4)可嵌入在其他设备内的模块；
(5)接收机、终端、智能终端、蜂窝电话、无线设备、手持机、移动单元、车载设备、网络设备、云设备、人工智能设备等等；
(6)其他等等。
图18提供了一种终端的结构示意图。该终端可适用于图1所示出的系统中。为了便于说明，图18仅示出了终端的主要部件。如图18所示，终端1800包括处理器、存储器、控制电路、天线以及输入输出装置。处理器主要用于对通信协议以及通信数据进行处理，以及对整个终端进行控制，执行软件程序，处理软件程序的数据。存储器主要用于存储软件程序和数据。射频电路主要用于基带信号与射频信号的转换以及对射频信号的处理。天线主要用于收发电磁波形式的射频信号。输入输出装置，例如触摸屏、显示屏，键盘等主要用于接收用户输入的数据以及对用户输出数据。
当用户设备开机后，处理器可以读取存储单元中的软件程序，解析并执行软件程序的指令，处理软件程序的数据。当需要通过无线发送数据时，处理器对待发送的数据进行基带处理后，输出基带信号至射频电路，射频电路将基带信号进行处理后得到射频信号并将射频信号通过天线以电磁波的形式向外发送。当有数据发送到用户设备时，射频电路通过天线接收到射频信号，该射频信号被进一步转换为基带信号，并将基带信号输出至处理器，处理器将基带信号转换为数据并对该数据进行处理。
本领域技术人员可以理解，为了便于说明，图18仅示出了一个存储器和处理器。在实际的终端中，可以存在多个处理器和存储器。存储器也可以称为存储介质或者存储设备等，本发明实施例对此不做限制。
作为一种可选的实现方式，处理器可以包括基带处理器和中央处理器，基带处理 器主要用于对通信协议以及通信数据进行处理，中央处理器主要用于对整个终端进行控制，执行软件程序，处理软件程序的数据。图18中的处理器集成了基带处理器和中央处理器的功能，本领域技术人员可以理解，基带处理器和中央处理器也可以是各自独立的处理器，通过总线等技术互联。本领域技术人员可以理解，终端可以包括多个基带处理器以适应不同的网络制式，终端可以包括多个中央处理器以增强其处理能力，终端的各个部件可以通过各种总线连接。所述基带处理器也可以表述为基带处理电路或者基带处理芯片。所述中央处理器也可以表述为中央处理电路或者中央处理芯片。对通信协议以及通信数据进行处理的功能可以内置在处理器中，也可以以软件程序的形式存储在存储单元中，由处理器执行软件程序以实现基带处理功能。
在一个例子中，可以将具有收发功能的天线和控制电路视为终端1800的收发单元1811，将具有处理功能的处理器视为终端1800的处理单元1812。如图18所示，终端1800包括收发单元1811和处理单元1812。收发单元也可以称为收发器、收发机、收发装置等。可选的，可以将收发单元1811中用于实现接收功能的器件视为接收单元，将收发单元1811中用于实现发送功能的器件视为发送单元，即收发单元1811包括接收单元和发送单元。示例性的，接收单元也可以称为接收机、接收器、接收电路等，发送单元可以称为发射机、发射器或者发射电路等。可选的，上述接收单元和发送单元可以是集成在一起的一个单元，也可以是各自独立的多个单元。上述接收单元和发送单元可以在一个地理位置，也可以分散在多个地理位置。
如图19所示,本申请实施例提供了一种通信装置(也可被称为通信设备或节点)1900。该通信装置可以是终端(例如图1所示系统中的终端),也可以是终端的部件(例如，集成电路，芯片等等)。该通信装置还可以是网络设备(例如，该通信装置是可以应用到图1系统的基站设备)，也可以是网络设备的部件(例如，集成电路，芯片等等)。该通信装置也可以是其他通信模块,用于实现本申请方法实施例中对应于通信设备的操作。该通信装置1900可以包括:处理模块1902(处理单元)。可选的，还可以包括收发模块1901(收发单元)和存储模块1903(存储单元)。
在一种可能的设计中，如图19中的一个或者多个模块可能由一个或者多个处理器来实现，或者由一个或者多个处理器和存储器来实现；或者由一个或多个处理器和收发器实现；或者由一个或者多个处理器、存储器和收发器实现，本申请实施例对此不作限定。所述处理器、存储器、收发器可以单独设置，也可以集成。
所述通信装置具备实现本申请实施例描述的终端的功能，比如，所述通信装置包括所述终端执行本申请实施例描述的终端涉及步骤所对应的模块或单元或手段(means)，所述功能或单元或手段(means)可以通过软件实现，或者通过硬件实现，也可以通过硬件执行相应的软件实现。详细可进一步参考前述对应方法实施例中的相应描述。
或者所述通信装置具备实现本申请实施例描述的网络设备的功能，比如，所述通信装置包括所述网络设备执行本申请实施例描述的网络设备涉及步骤所对应的模块或单元或手段(means)，所述功能或单元或手段(means)可以通过软件实现，或者通过硬件实现，也可以通过硬件执行相应的软件实现。详细可进一步参考前述对应方法实施例中的相应描述。
可选的，本申请实施例中的通信装置1900中各个模块可以用于执行本申请实施例中图4描述的方法。
在一种可能的实施方式中，处理模块1902生成与第一调制方式对应的第一调制符号；处理模块1902量化所述第一调制符号获得目标符号，所述目标符号对应第二调制方式的多个星座点中的一个；处理模块1902预处理所述目标符号获得待发送数据，所述预处理包括层映射、天线端口映射、预编码、或变换预编码中的一种或多种；处理模块1902将所述待发送数据映射至物理资源，收发模块1901使用所述物理资源发送所述待发送数据。
本申请实施例提供的数据发送的装置，通过将软调制产生的软调制符号量化到有限数量的星座点上再进行发送，从而能够保证生成的信号满足中射频指标。
可选地，处理模块1902根据第一数据和/或第二数据生成所述第一调制符号，所述第一调制符号与所述第一数据和/或所述第二数据满足所述第一调制方式对应的映射关系；所述第一数据包括一个或多个第一实数，所述第一实数大于或等于0且小于或等于1；所述第二数据包括一个或多个第二实数，所述第二实数大于或等于-1且小于或等于1。
可选地，所述第一调制方式对应的所述映射关系为下述一项：
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000277
其中，
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000278
为所述第一数据包括的一个第一实数，
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000279
为所述第一调制符号，j为虚数单位；或者，
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000280
其中，
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000281
和
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000282
为所述第一数据包括的两个第一实数，
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000283
为所述第一调制符号，j为虚数单位；或者，
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000284
其中，
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000285
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000286
和
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000287
为所述第一数据包括的四个第一实数，
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000288
为所述第一调制符号，j为虚数单位；或者，
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000289
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000290
其中，
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000291
和
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000292
为所述第一数据包括的六个第一实数，
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000293
为所述第一调制符号，j为虚数单位；或者，
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000294
其中，
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000295
为所述第二数据包括的一个第二实数，
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000296
为所述第一调制符号，j为虚数单位；或者，
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000297
其中，
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000298
和
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000299
为所述第二数据包括的两个第二实数，
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000300
为所述第一调制符号，j为虚数单位；或者，
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000301
其中，
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000302
和
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000303
为所述第二数据包括的四个第二实数，
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000304
为所述第一调制符号，j为虚数单位；或者，
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000305
其中，
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000306
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000307
和
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000308
为所述第二数据包括的六个第二实数，
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000309
为所述第一调制符号，j为虚数单位；或者，
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000310
其中，
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000311
为所述第一数据包括的一个第一实数，
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000312
为所述第二数据包括的一个第二实数，
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000313
为所述第一调制符号，j为虚数单位；或者，
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000314
其中，
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000315
和
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000316
为所述第一数据包括的两个第一实数，
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000317
和
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000318
为所述第二数据包括的两个第二实数，
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000319
为所述第一调制符号，j为虚数单位。
可选地，处理模块1902对第六数据量化获得所述第一数据和/或所述第二数据。
可选地，处理模块1902根据第六数据获得所述第一数据和/或所述第二数据；其中， 所述第六数据与所述第一数据满足
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000320
其中L为所述第六数据，
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000321
为所述第一数据；所述第六数据与所述第二数据满足
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000322
其中L为所述第六数据，
Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-000323
为所述第二数据。
可选地，所述第二调制方式为二相相移键控(BPSK)、正交相移键控(QPSK)、16正交幅度调制(16QAM)、64正交幅度调制(64QAM)、256正交幅度调制(256QAM)、512正交幅度调制(512QAM)、或1024正交幅度调制(1024QAM)。
可选地，收发模块1901接收第一控制信息，处理模块1902根据所述第一控制信息确定量化所述第一调制符号获得所述目标符号；所述第一控制信息包括第一指示信息和/或通信设备1900的标识信息，通信设备1900的标识信息指示该通信设备1900。进一步可选地，所述第一指示信息指示通信设备1900或处理模块1902量化所述第一调制符号获得所述目标符号，或者，所述第一指示信息指示所述第二调制方式，或者，所述第一指示信息指示所述第二调制方式，并指示通信设备1900或处理模块1902量化所述第一调制符号获得所述目标符号。通过该装置，可以根据数据发送的需求开启或关闭软调制符号量化的功能，能够通知通信设备使用合适的调制方式，从而提高数据发送的鲁棒性。
可选的，本申请实施例中的通信装置1900中各个模块还可以用于执行本申请实施例中图5、图10、图11、图12、图13、图14、图15或图16描述的方法。各个模块执行其他附图对应方法的描述，可以参考上述各个模块执行针对图4对应方法的描述，在此不予赘述。
可以理解的是，本申请实施例中的一些可选的特征，在某些场景下，可以不依赖于其他特征，比如其当前所基于的方案，而独立实施，解决相应的技术问题，达到相应的效果，也可以在某些场景下，依据需求与其他特征进行结合。相应的，本申请实施例中给出的装置也可以相应的实现这些特征或功能，在此不予赘述。
本领域技术人员还可以了解到本申请实施例列出的各种说明性逻辑块(illustrative logical block)和步骤(step)可以通过电子硬件、电脑软件，或两者的结合进行实现。这样的功能是通过硬件还是软件来实现取决于特定的应用和整个系统的设计要求。本领域技术人员可以对于每种特定的应用，可以使用各种方法实现所述的功能，但这种实现不应被理解为超出本申请实施例保护的范围。
本申请所描述的技术可通过各种方式来实现。例如，这些技术可以用硬件、软件或者硬件结合的方式来实现。对于硬件实现，用于在通信装置(例如，基站，终端、网络实体、或芯片)处执行这些技术的处理单元，可以实现在一个或多个通用处理器、数字信号处理器(DSP)、数字信号处理器件(DSPD)、专用集成电路(ASIC)、可编程逻辑器件(PLD)、现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)、或其它可编程逻辑装置，离散门或晶体管逻辑，离散硬件部件，或上述任何组合中。通用处理器可以为微处理器，可选地，该通用处理器也可以为任何传统的处理器、控制器、微控制器或状态机。处理器也可以通过计算装置的组合来实现，例如数字信号处理器和微处理器，多个微处理器，一个或多个微处理器联合一个数字信号处理器核，或任何其它类似的配置来实现。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解：本申请中涉及的第一、第二等各种数字编号仅为描述方便进行的区分，并不用来限制本申请实施例的范围，也表示先后顺序。“和/或”，描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表 示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。字符“/”一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。“至少一个”是指一个或者多个。至少两个是指两个或者多个。“至少一个”、“任意一个”或其类似表达，是指的这些项中的任意组合，包括单项(个)或复数项(个)的任意组合。例如，a,b,或c中的至少一项(个、种)，可以表示：a,b,c,a-b,a-c,b-c,或a-b-c，其中a,b,c可以是单个，也可以是多个。
本申请中涉及的a与b满足映射关系(也可以理解为函数关系)的描述并不强制要求a与b精确地满足所述映射关系。例如，若数值a与数值b’精确地满足所述映射关系，对数值b’进行去浮点、取整、或四舍五入等操作后获得的数值b，也可以理解为a与b满足所述映射关系。可以理解的是，a与b满足映射关系也可以指a与b满足所述映射关系做等价变形后的映射关系，本申请实施例对此不做限定。
本申请实施例中所描述的方法或算法的步骤可以直接嵌入硬件、处理器执行的指令、或者这两者的结合。存储器可以是RAM存储器、闪存、ROM存储器、EPROM存储器、EEPROM存储器、寄存器、硬盘、可移动磁盘、CD-ROM或本领域中其它任意形式的存储媒介。例如，存储器可以与处理器连接，以使得处理器可以从存储器中读取信息，并可以向存储器存写信息。可选地，存储器还可以集成到处理器中。处理器和存储器可以设置于ASIC中，ASIC可以设置于终端中。可选地，处理器和存储器也可以设置于终端中的不同的部件中。
在上述实施例中，可以全部或部分地通过软件、硬件、固件或者其任意组合来实现。当使用软件实现时，可以全部或部分地以计算机程序产品的形式实现。所述计算机程序产品包括一个或多个计算机指令。在计算机上加载和执行所述计算机程序指令时，全部或部分地产生按照本申请实施例所述的流程或功能。所述计算机可以是通用计算机、专用计算机、计算机网络、或者其他可编程装置。所述计算机指令可以存储在计算机可读存储介质中，或者从一个计算机可读存储介质向另一个计算机可读存储介质传输，例如，所述计算机指令可以从一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据包中心通过有线(例如同轴电缆、光纤、数字用户线(DSL))或无线(例如红外、无线、微波等)方式向另一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据包中心进行传输。所述计算机可读存储介质可以是计算机能够存取的任何可用介质或者是包含一个或多个可用介质集成的服务器、数据包中心等数据包存储设备。所述可用介质可以是磁性介质，(例如，软盘、硬盘、磁带)、光介质(例如，DVD)、或者半导体介质(例如固态硬盘Solid State Disk(SSD))等。上面的组合也应当包括在计算机可读介质的保护范围之内。
本说明书中各个实施例之间相同或相似的部分可以互相参考。以上所述的本申请实施方式并不构成对本申请保护范围的限定。

Claims (28)

  1. 一种数据发送的方法，包括：
    生成与第一调制方式对应的第一调制符号；
    量化所述第一调制符号获得目标符号，所述目标符号对应第二调制方式的多个星座点中的一个；
    预处理所述目标符号获得待发送数据，所述预处理包括层映射、天线端口映射、预编码、或变换预编码中的一种或多种；
    将所述待发送数据映射至物理资源，并使用所述物理资源发送所述待发送数据。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，生成与所述第一调制方式对应的所述第一调制符号，包括：
    根据第一数据和/或第二数据生成所述第一调制符号，所述第一调制符号与所述第一数据和/或所述第二数据满足所述第一调制方式对应的映射关系；
    所述第一数据包括一个或多个第一实数，所述第一实数大于或等于0且小于或等于1；
    所述第二数据包括一个或多个第二实数，所述第二实数大于或等于-1且小于或等于1。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，所述根据所述第一数据和/或所述第二数据生成所述第一调制符号，包括：输入所述第一数据和/或所述第二数据，生成所述第一调制符号。
  4. 根据权利要求2或3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一调制方式对应的所述映射关系为下述一项：
    Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-100001
    其中，
    Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-100002
    为所述第一数据包括的一个第一实数，
    Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-100003
    为所述第一调制符号，j为虚数单位；或者，
    Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-100004
    其中，
    Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-100005
    和
    Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-100006
    为所述第一数据包括的两个第一实数，
    Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-100007
    为所述第一调制符号，j为虚数单位；或者，
    Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-100008
    其中，
    Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-100009
    Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-100010
    和
    Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-100011
    为所述第一数据包括的四个第一实数，
    Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-100012
    为所述第一调制符号，j为虚数单位；或者，
    Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-100013
    Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-100014
    其中，
    Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-100015
    和
    Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-100016
    为所述第一数据包括的六个第一实数，
    Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-100017
    为所述第一调制符号，j为虚数单位；或者，
    Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-100018
    其中，
    Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-100019
    为所述第二数据包括的一个第二实数，
    Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-100020
    为所述第一调制符号，j为虚数单位；或者，
    Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-100021
    其中，
    Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-100022
    和
    Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-100023
    为所述第二数据包括的两个第二实数，
    Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-100024
    为所述第一调制符号，j为虚数单位；或者，
    Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-100025
    其中，
    Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-100026
    和
    Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-100027
    为所述第二数据包括的四个第二实数，
    Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-100028
    为所述第一调制符号，j为虚数单位；或者，
    Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-100029
    其中，
    Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-100030
    Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-100031
    和
    Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-100032
    为所述第二数据包括的六个第二实数，
    Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-100033
    为所述第一调制符号，j为虚数单位；或者，
    Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-100034
    其中，
    Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-100035
    为所述第一数据包括的一个第一实数，
    Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-100036
    为所述第二数据包括的一个第二实数，
    Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-100037
    为所述第一调制符号，j为虚数单位；或者，
    Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-100038
    其中，
    Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-100039
    和
    Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-100040
    为所述第一数据包括的两个第一实数，
    Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-100041
    和
    Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-100042
    为所述第二数据包括的两个第二实数，
    Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-100043
    为所述第一调制符号，j为虚数单位。
  5. 根据权利要求2-4任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    对第六数据量化获得所述第一数据和/或所述第二数据。
  6. 根据权利要求2-4任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    根据第六数据获得所述第一数据和/或所述第二数据；
    其中，所述第六数据与所述第一数据满足
    Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-100044
    其中L为所述第六数据，
    Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-100045
    为所述第一数据；
    所述第六数据与所述第二数据满足
    Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-100046
    其中L为所述第六数据，
    Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-100047
    为所述第二数据。
  7. 根据权利要求1-6任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第二调制方式为二相相移键控(BPSK)、正交相移键控(QPSK)、16正交幅度调制(16QAM)、64正交幅度调制(64QAM)、256正交幅度调制(256QAM)、512正交幅度调制(512QAM)、或1024正交幅度调制(1024QAM)。
  8. 根据权利要求1-7任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：接收第一控制信息，并根据所述第一控制信息确定量化所述第一调制符号获得所述目标符号；
    所述第一控制信息包括第一指示信息和/或节点的标识信息。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的方法，其特征在于：所述第一指示信息指示量化所述第一调制符号获得所述目标符号。
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的方法，其特征在于：所述第一指示信息指示所述第二调制方式。
  11. 根据权利要求8所述的方法，其特征在于：所述第一指示信息指示所述第二调制方式，并指示量化所述第一调制符号获得所述目标符号。
  12. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，所述装置用于执行如权利要求1-11中任一项所述的方法。
  13. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括：处理器，所述处理器与存储器耦合，所述存储器用于存储程序或指令，当所述程序或指令被所述处理器执行时，使得所述装置执行如权利要求1-11中任一项所述的方法。
  14. 一种存储介质，其上存储有计算机程序或指令，其特征在于，所述计算机程序或指令被执行时使得计算机执行如权利要求1-11中任一项所述的方法。
  15. 一种芯片，其特征在于，包括：处理器，所述处理器与存储器耦合，所述存储器用于存储程序或指令，当所述程序或指令被所述处理器执行时，使得所述芯片执行如权利要求1-11中任一项所述的方法
  16. 一种通信系统，包括：用于执行如权利要求1-11中任一项所述的方法的装置。
  17. 一种计算机程序产品，所述计算机程序产品中包括计算机程序代码，其特征在于，当所述计算机程序代码在计算机上运行时，使得计算机实现权利要求1-11中任一项所述的方法。
  18. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括：处理模块和收发模块；
    所述处理模块用于生成与第一调制方式对应的第一调制符号；
    所述处理模块还用于量化所述第一调制符号获得目标符号，所述目标符号对应第二调制方式的多个星座点中的一个；
    所述处理模块还用于预处理所述目标符号获得待发送数据，所述预处理包括层映射、天线端口映射、预编码、或变换预编码中的一种或多种；
    所述处理模块还用于将所述待发送数据映射至物理资源；
    所述收发模块使用所述物理资源发送所述待发送数据。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理模块用于生成与所述第一调制方式对应的所述第一调制符号，包括：
    所述处理模块用于根据第一数据和/或第二数据生成所述第一调制符号，所述第一调制符号与所述第一数据和/或所述第二数据满足所述第一调制方式对应的映射关系；
    所述第一数据包括一个或多个第一实数，所述第一实数大于或等于0且小于或等于1；
    所述第二数据包括一个或多个第二实数，所述第二实数大于或等于-1且小于或等于1。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理模块用于根据所述第一数据和/或所述第二数据生成所述第一调制符号，包括：
    所述处理模块用于输入所述第一数据和/或所述第二数据，并生成所述第一调制符号。
  21. 根据权利要求19或20所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一调制方式对应的所述映射关系为下述一项：
    Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-100048
    其中，
    Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-100049
    为所述第一数据包括的一个第一实数，
    Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-100050
    为所述第一调制符号，j为虚数单位；或者，
    Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-100051
    其中，
    Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-100052
    和
    Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-100053
    为所述第一数据包括的两个第一实数，
    Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-100054
    为所述第一调制符号，j为虚数单位；或者，
    Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-100055
    其中，
    Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-100056
    Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-100057
    和
    Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-100058
    为所述第一数据包括的四个第一实数，
    Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-100059
    为所述第一调制符号，j为虚数单位；或者，
    Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-100060
    Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-100061
    其中，
    Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-100062
    和
    Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-100063
    为所述第一数据包括的六个第一实数，
    Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-100064
    为所述第一调制符号，j为虚数单位；或者，
    Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-100065
    其中，
    Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-100066
    为所述第二数据包括的一个第二实数，
    Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-100067
    为所述第一调制符号，j为虚数单位；或者，
    Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-100068
    其中，
    Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-100069
    和
    Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-100070
    为所述第二数据包括的两个第二实数，
    Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-100071
    为所述第一调制符号，j为虚数单位；或者，
    Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-100072
    其中，
    Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-100073
    和
    Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-100074
    为所述第二数据包括的四个第二实数，
    Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-100075
    为所述第一调制符号，j为虚数单位；或者，
    Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-100076
    其中，
    Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-100077
    Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-100078
    和
    Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-100079
    为所述第二数据包括的六个第二实数，
    Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-100080
    为所述第一调制符号，j为虚数单位；或者，
    Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-100081
    其中，
    Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-100082
    为所述第一数据包括的一个第一实数，
    Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-100083
    为所述第二数据包括的一个第二实数，
    Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-100084
    为所述第一调制符号，j为虚数单位；或者，
    Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-100085
    其中，
    Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-100086
    和
    Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-100087
    为所述第一数 据包括的两个第一实数，
    Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-100088
    和
    Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-100089
    为所述第二数据包括的两个第二实数，
    Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-100090
    为所述第一调制符号，j为虚数单位。
  22. 根据权利要求19-21中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理模块还用于对第六数据量化获得所述第一数据和/或所述第二数据。
  23. 根据权利要求19-21中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理模块还用于根据第六数据获得所述第一数据和/或所述第二数据；
    其中，所述第六数据与所述第一数据满足
    Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-100091
    其中L为所述第六数据，
    Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-100092
    为所述第一数据；
    所述第六数据与所述第二数据满足
    Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-100093
    其中L为所述第六数据，
    Figure PCTCN2019107949-appb-100094
    为所述第二数据。
  24. 根据权利要求18-23中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第二调制方式为二相相移键控(BPSK)、正交相移键控(QPSK)、16正交幅度调制(16QAM)、64正交幅度调制(64QAM)、256正交幅度调制(256QAM)、512正交幅度调制(512QAM)、或1024正交幅度调制(1024QAM)。
  25. 根据权利要求18-24中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述收发模块还用于接收第一控制信息，所述处理模块还用于根据所述第一控制信息确定量化所述第一调制符号获得所述目标符号；
    所述第一控制信息包括第一指示信息。
  26. 根据权利要求25所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一指示信息指示量化所述第一调制符号获得所述目标符号。
  27. 根据权利要求25所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一指示信息指示所述第二调制方式。
  28. 根据权利要求25所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一指示信息指示所述第二调制方式，并指示量化所述第一调制符号获得所述目标符号。
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