WO2020105205A1

WO2020105205A1 - Tower for a wind turbine generator

Info

Publication number: WO2020105205A1
Application number: PCT/JP2019/021291
Authority: WO
Inventors: 山本　憲治; 涼青木
Original assignee: 會澤高圧コンクリート株式会社
Priority date: 2018-11-21
Filing date: 2019-05-29
Publication date: 2020-05-28
Also published as: JP6746159B1; PH12021551145A1; JPWO2020105205A1

Abstract

[Problem] To provide a tower, for a wind turbine generator, that has high strength and low tower part transportation costs, and is inexpensive to construct. [Solution] A tower (2) for a wind turbine generator (1) is constituted by a plurality of precast concrete panels (8) and a plurality of PC steel bars. One level is formed from a plurality of panels (8), with a plurality of levels being stacked on top of each other, and the PC steel bars are passed vertically through the panels (8) in each level. The plurality of panels (8) forming each level is disposed so that the horizontal position of each is offset from the panels (8) forming the level therebeneath. As a result, a portion of the plurality of PC steel bars passing through any one panel (8) pass through one prescribed panel (8) in the level thereabove, and the other PC steel bars pass through another panel (8).

Description

Wind power plant support

The present invention relates to a pillar of a wind power generation facility, and more specifically, the wind power generation equipment has a relatively high pillar, a nacelle rotatably installed at the tip of the pillar, and a rotatably mounted on the nacelle. The present invention relates to a pillar of such a wind turbine generator, which includes a rotor shaft provided, a hub provided at the tip of the rotor shaft, and a plurality of blades connected to the hub.

Wind power generation, which is a kind of so-called renewable energy, that obtains electric power from wind energy is drawing attention due to increasing environmental awareness, and in recent years many wind power generation facilities have been installed. The wind power generation facilities are constructed both on land and offshore, but the wind power generation facilities are supported by a relatively high pillar, a nacelle rotatably installed on this pillar, and rotatably supported by this nacelle. A rotor shaft, a hub provided at the tip of the rotor shaft, and a plurality of blades connected to the hub. When the blade is exposed to wind, the blade, the hub and the rotor shaft rotate. A speed increaser, a generator, a transformer, etc. for increasing the rotational speed of the rotor shaft are provided inside the nacelle, and the rotational energy is converted into electric power. That is, power is generated. The generated power is sent to the outside via a power cable provided inside the support.

The pillars that rotatably support the nacelle are conventionally constructed as follows. A plurality of cylinders having different diameters are manufactured in advance from a steel plate having a predetermined wall thickness in a factory, and the cylinders are transported to a construction site of a wind power generation facility. A foundation is constructed with concrete, and a cylinder with the largest diameter is fixed to this foundation. Then, a cylinder having a smaller diameter is connected to the cylinder and welded by welding. Alternatively, tighten with bolts or the like. This connects the cylinders. Further, a cylinder having a smaller diameter is further connected to the above, and is connected by welding, bolts or the like. By repeating such an operation, a column having a desired height can be obtained.

Special table 2012-510244

Patent Document 1 describes a tower structure that can be used as a pillar of a wind power generation facility. The tower structure described in Patent Document 1 is constructed from a plurality of concrete wall members manufactured in advance in a factory. The wall member is made of a rectangular concrete plate in which one short side is slightly shorter than the other short side, and a column portion having a predetermined wall thickness extending along the long side is formed on both long sides. A through-groove portion that axially penetrates the support column is provided in advance on the support column so that a steel rod member, that is, a PC steel rod can be inserted. A plurality of such wall members are erected with their shorter sides up, and a plurality of wall members are arranged in the circumferential direction, and adjacent wall members are connected by a predetermined locking member. Then, the first stage of the polygonal tower structure can be obtained. Next, a plurality of wall members are arranged on the first stage in the circumferential direction, and adjacent wall members are connected by a predetermined locking member. That is, the second stage of the tower structure can be obtained. At this time, the wall members of the first stage and the second stage are aligned with each other. That is, the upper and lower wall members are aligned with each other. A PC steel rod is put in the column, and the first and second wall members are connected by the PC steel rod. Similarly, a plurality of wall members are arranged in the circumferential direction on the second stage, and adjacent wall members are connected by a predetermined locking member to obtain the third stage of the tower structure. The second and third wall members are connected by PC steel rods. Similarly, the fourth stage, the fifth stage, ... Are constructed. Finally, tension is applied to the PC steel rod. The tower structure is firmly formed by so-called post tension.

Being able to support the nacelle of the wind power generation facility, both the conventional columns and the tower structure described in Patent Document 1, have the advantages of both. However, there are some problems to be solved. First, the conventional columns are sufficiently strong and excellent, but problems are found in the transportation and construction of steel plate cylinders. Generally, coastal and hilly areas with no houses nearby are often selected as construction sites for wind power generation facilities, and road conditions are not good. Since the cylinders forming the columns have a large diameter and a long length, it is necessary to carry them by a large trailer, but there is often no road on which the large trailer can run. In such a case, the road must be prepared in advance so that a large trailer can travel. That is, there is a problem in transportation. Next, even if the steel plate cylinders can be transported to the construction site, there is a problem that a large crane for suspending the cylinders is required to construct the support columns from the plurality of cylinders. This is because the cylinder has a large weight. Large cranes must be used, which inevitably adds cost to construction.

The tower structure described in Patent Document 1 is constructed from a plurality of concrete wall members, so there is almost no problem in transportation or construction. That is, the wall member is relatively small, can be transported by a general truck, and the cost required for transportation is low. Moreover, since it is lighter in weight than a steel plate cylinder, a large crane is not required for construction. In other words, the cost required for construction is expected to be relatively small. However, the tower structure described in Patent Document 1 has a complicated construction process. Specifically, the wall members arranged in the circumferential direction are connected to each other next to each other. The upper and lower wall members may be connected by PC steel rods, but adjacent wall members must be connected by a predetermined locking member, which complicates the construction process. Therefore, the construction cost is slightly increased. There are also concerns about strength. In other countries where there is no problem of earthquakes, even if the tower structure described in Patent Document 1 has sufficient strength, there is concern in Japan where there are many earthquakes. This is because the wall members adjacent to each other are connected by the lock member, but the connection may be disengaged when rolling is caused by an earthquake. If a large and sturdy lock member is adopted, some strength may be obtained, but the cost required for the lock member increases.

The present invention is intended to solve the problems as described above, and specifically, the strength of the supporting column is sufficient, the cost required for transporting the members for constructing the supporting column is low, and the supporting column is constructed. It is an object of the present invention to provide a pillar for a wind power generation facility that has a simple process for doing so and a low cost.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention comprises a pillar of a wind power generation facility composed of a plurality of precast concrete panels and a plurality of PC ropes. Specifically, one stage is formed from a plurality of panels, the one stage is stacked in a plurality of stages, and the PC rope is vertically penetrated through the panels of each stage. In the present invention, the plurality of panels forming each stage are arranged such that their horizontal positions are displaced from the plurality of panels forming the lower stage. As a result, among a plurality of PC ropes penetrating any one panel, some of the PC ropes are the predetermined one panel on the upper stage and the other PC ropes are the other one panel. Will be penetrated respectively. As a result, the plurality of panels are firmly connected to each other without being connected to each other in the horizontal direction, so that a strong column can be obtained.

That is, the invention according to claim 1 is characterized in that a support, a nacelle rotatably installed at the tip of the support, a rotor shaft rotatably mounted on the nacelle, and a rotor shaft provided at the end of the rotor shaft. Of said wind turbine and a plurality of blades connected to said hub, said strut comprising a plurality of precast concrete panels and a plurality of PC ropes. Then, one panel is formed from a plurality of the panels, the one panel is stacked in a plurality of columns, and the PC rope is vertically penetrated through the panels in each column. The plurality of panels to be stacked on each other are arranged so that the horizontal positions thereof are displaced from the plurality of panels constituting the lower tier, respectively, whereby a plurality of PC ropes penetrating any one of the panels. Is a part of which penetrates the predetermined one panel of the upper stage, and the other penetrates into the other one panel of the upper stage, respectively.
Configured as.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the support column of the wind turbine generator according to the first aspect, the panels forming the respective stages are formed to have a narrower width toward the upper stage, whereby the support columns are directed upward. It is configured as a pillar of a wind power generation facility, which is characterized by being formed in a small diameter.
A third aspect of the present invention is the support column of the wind turbine generator according to the first or second aspect, wherein the plurality of the panels forming each stage are arranged at intervals from each other, whereby It is configured as a pillar of a wind power generation facility, which is characterized in that a gap is formed.
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the pillar of the wind power generation facility according to any one of the first to third aspects, the panel has a flat plate shape, and the one-stage portion including a plurality of the panels is an upper surface. It is configured as a pillar of a power generation facility, which is characterized in that it is formed in a hollow polygonal shape.
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the pillar of the wind turbine generator according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, the panel is formed with a wall portion having a predetermined plate thickness and both ends of the wall portion. It is configured as a pair of pillars, and the PC rope is configured to penetrate the pillars, and is configured as a pillar of an electric power generation facility.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY As described above, the present invention provides a support, a nacelle rotatably installed at the end of the support, a rotor shaft rotatably mounted on the nacelle, and a rotor shaft provided at the end of the rotor shaft. The present invention is intended for a pillar of a wind power generation facility including a hub and a plurality of blades connected to the hub. Further, according to the present invention, the support column is composed of a plurality of precast concrete panels and a plurality of PC ropes, one stage is formed from the plurality of panels, and the one stage is stacked in a plurality of stages. A PC rope extends vertically through each panel. Since the support pillar is constructed from the panel and the PC rope, neither the panel nor the PC rope needs a large trailer for the transportation, and the transportation cost can be reduced. Also, the columns can be constructed without the need for large cranes. Further, according to the present invention, the plurality of panels stacked on an arbitrary stage are arranged so that the horizontal positions thereof are respectively displaced with respect to the plurality of panels forming the lower stage, whereby an arbitrary one panel is arranged. A part of the plurality of PC ropes penetrating penetrates into a predetermined one panel in the upper stage and the other penetrates into another panel in the upper stage. As a result, the panels are connected to each other in a bracing manner, and even if they are not connected to each other in the lateral direction, that is, the circumferential direction, the effect of substantially connecting them in the circumferential direction can be obtained. Therefore, the panels in the vertical direction and the circumferential direction can be connected to each other only by the PC rope that penetrates in the vertical direction, and the process required for the construction can be simple and the construction cost can be reduced. Furthermore, since the panels in the circumferential direction are connected to each other, no special member is required, and such a member is not likely to be destroyed, so that a high-strength strut can be constructed.
According to another aspect of the invention, the plurality of panels forming each step are spaced apart from each other, thereby forming a gap in each step. Therefore, the support column has a structure with many gaps as a whole. Since the wind power generation equipment is installed in a place where a strong wind blows, the force due to the wind acts on the support. However, according to the present invention, since many gaps are formed in the support, such a force can be reduced.
According to another aspect of the invention, the panel includes a wall portion having a predetermined plate thickness and a pair of pillar portions formed at both ends of the wall portion, and the PC rope is configured to penetrate the pillar portion. . Although the PC rope can firmly form a structure by applying tension to it by post-tensioning, the portion through which the PC rope penetrates is a pillar portion and can cope with high compressive stress. Therefore, a strong pillar can be constructed.

It is a perspective view which shows the wind power generation equipment provided with the support | pillar which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the panel which concerns on this Embodiment which comprises the support | pillar which concerns on Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the formwork used for placing the panel which concerns on this Embodiment, (A), (B) is a perspective view which shows the formwork when placing the panel from which width length differs, respectively. It is a figure. It is a figure which shows the panel which concerns on this Embodiment, and (A), (B) is a perspective view which shows the panel from which width length differs, respectively. It is a figure which shows the support | pillar which concerns on this Embodiment which consists of several sheets which concern on this Embodiment, (A) is a perspective view of a support | pillar, (B), (C) is the support | pillar in (A), respectively. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line X1-X1 and X2-X2 of FIG. Each of (A) to (C) is a cross-sectional view of a column according to various embodiments of the present invention. (A) and (B) are sectional views of columns according to various embodiments of the present invention. It is a perspective view which shows the support | pillar which concerns on other embodiment of this invention.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below. As shown in FIG. 1, the wind turbine generator 1 according to the present embodiment is horizontally rotated on the support column 2 according to the present embodiment having a characteristic structure and on the support column 2. A nacelle 4, a rotor shaft (not shown) rotatably supported by the nacelle 4, a hub 5 provided on the rotor shaft, and a blade 6 attached to the hub 5 so as to be adjustable in angle. 6 and so on. When the

blades

6, 6, ... Receive wind, the rotor shaft, the hub 5, and the

blades

6, 6 ,. Although not shown in the figure, the nacelle 4 includes a speed increaser for increasing the rotation of the rotor shaft, a generator for converting the increased rotation into electric power, and an inverter for converting into alternating current of a desired frequency. A wind power energy is converted into an electric energy by providing a power converter, etc. That is, power is generated. The generated electric power is transmitted to the outside via the electric power cable provided in the support column 5.

The pillar 2 according to the present embodiment is composed of a plurality of precast

concrete panels

8, 8. These

panels

8, 8, ... Are stacked in a plurality of stages, and the lateral width of the

panels

8, 8, ... of the upper layer is narrower than that of the

panels

8, 8 ,. , The other shapes or structures are the same. That is, as shown in FIG. 2, the panel 8 includes a pair of left and

right pillar portions

10 and 10 and a wall portion 11 formed between the

pillar portions

10 and 10 and having a predetermined plate thickness. The whole is configured in a substantially rectangular shape. The distance between the pair of

pillars

10 and 10 is wide at the lower end and narrow at the upper end. That is, the panel 8 has a shorter short side corresponding to the upper side of the pair of short sides of the rectangle. That is, it has a trapezoidal shape. The pair of

pillars

10 and 10 are formed to have a thickness necessary to obtain strength because a strong compressive stress acts when the pillar 2 according to the present embodiment is constructed. In the present embodiment, the

pillars

10 and 10 are regular octagonal pillars, but they may be cylindrical or other shapes. A plurality of

sheath pipes

13, 13, ... In which the PC rope is inserted are embedded in the

pillars

10, 10. The number of the

sheath pipes

13, 13, ... May be appropriately increased or decreased depending on the number of PC ropes required for strength, and in the present embodiment, eight are embedded in one column portion 10. A step portion 14 is formed in the central portion of the wall portion 11. The step portion 14 is a portion formed when the concrete is cast into the formwork to manufacture the panel 8 as described below. Is.

The panel 8 according to the present embodiment is manufactured in advance in a factory and transported to the construction site of the wind power generation facility, but by the formwork 16 shown in FIGS. 3 (A) and 3 (B). Manufactured. The mold 16 includes a first mold member 17, a second mold member 18, and a plate-shaped mold member 19. The first mold frame member 17 and the second mold frame member 18 are formed from a metal plate having a predetermined plate thickness by sheet metal working, and have bilaterally symmetrical shapes. In the first and

second formwork members

17 and 18, columnar

portion forming recesses

17a and 18a that form the

columnar portions

10 and 10 of the panel 8, and a flat plate portion 17b that forms a part of the

wall portion

11, 18b are provided. When the

flat plate portions

17b and 18b of the first and

second formwork members

17 and 18 are placed and fixed on the plate-like formwork member 19, the formwork 16 is formed. As shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, the first and

second formwork members

17 and 18 are separated from each other or brought close to each other to manufacture the panel 8 having different widths. However, the plate-shaped frame members 19 and 19 'having different lateral widths are exchanged to form the frame 16 as required. When concrete is placed with the first and

second formwork members

17 and 18 separated from each other as shown in FIG. 3A, a wide panel 8 as shown in FIG. 4A is obtained. As shown in FIG. 4B, when concrete is placed in a state in which the first and

second formwork members

17 and 18 are close to each other as shown in FIG. 3B. It is possible to manufacture a panel 8 having a narrow width.

A method of constructing the pillar 2 according to this embodiment from the

panels

8, 8, ... According to this embodiment will be described. First, concrete is poured into the construction site to form the foundation. As shown in FIG. 5C, four wide-

width panels

8, 8, ... Are arranged on the foundation. At this time, the four

panels

8, 8, ... Are arranged on the four sides selected every other side among the eight sides of the regular octagon. Although not shown in the drawing, the PC rope is inserted into the

sheath pipes

13, 13, ... Of the first-

stage panels

8, 8 ,. That is, the first stage of the pillar 2 is constructed. Next, as shown in FIG. 5B, four

panels

8, 8, ... Having a slightly narrow width are arranged on the first stage composed of these four

panels

8, 8 ,. Then, the second stage of the column 2 is constructed. At this time, the first-

stage panels

8, 8, ... And the second-

stage panels

8, 8, ... Are arranged so that their horizontal positions are displaced from each other, and the pillars of the first-

stage panels

8, 8 ,. .. and the

pillar portions

10, 10, ... Of the second-

stage panels

8, 8 ,. A PC rope is inserted into the sheath tubes 13 of the second panel 8 and connected to the first PC rope by a predetermined coupler. That is, the PC rope is penetrated in the first and second steps. The horizontal positions of the first-stage and second-

stage panels

8, 8, ... Are deviated from each other, so that the PC rope inserted in the left column portion 10 of the predetermined first-stage panel 8 is the second-stage. The right pillar portion 10 of the predetermined panel 8 located on the left side of the PC is attached to the right pillar portion 10 of the panel 8 on the first stage, and the PC rope rod inserted on the right side of the second stage is another panel located on the right side. The left column portion 10 of 8 is penetrated. Since the PC rope is pierced in the vertical direction, the upper and

lower panels

8, 8, ... Are joined together in a so-called brace.

Similarly, four

panels

8, 8, ... Having a narrower width than that are arranged on the second stage composed of four

panels

8, 8, ... Insert the PC rope to connect to the PC rope of the

second panel

8,8, .... That is, the third stage of the pillar 2 is constructed. Similarly, as shown in FIG. 5 (A), the

panels

8, 8, ... Are stacked in a plurality of stages, the PC rope is inserted, and the PC rope is connected. After constructing to the uppermost stage, post tensioning that applies tension to the PC rope is carried out. If necessary, grout material is injected into the

sheath pipes

13, 13, .... The support column 2 according to the present embodiment is completed.

The pillar 2 of the wind turbine generator according to this embodiment can be variously modified. For example, in the above embodiment, the

panels

8, 8, ... Are arranged so as to form a regular octagon as shown in FIGS. It was formed like a regular octagonal prism or a regular octagonal pyramid. However, as shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B, for example, the

panels

8a, 8b, ... May be arranged in a regular hexagon, a square, or in other polygons. Good. By arranging as shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B, columns having hexagonal pyramids and tetragonal pyramids are formed. A column 2b obtained by arranging the

panels

8b, 8b, ... As in (B) of FIG. 6 is shown in (A) of FIG. The

PC ropes

22a, 22b, ... Are shown by small black dots in FIG. 6 and are shown by chain double-dashed lines in FIG. 7, but the number of

PC ropes

22a, 22b ,. , 10b, ... May be inserted one by one, or may be inserted by a plurality.

The

panels

8c, 8c, ... May be composed of only the

wall portions

11c, 11c, ... Without providing the pillar portions, as shown in FIG. 6 (C). This is because if the

wall portions

11c, 11c, ... Are thickly formed, they can sufficiently withstand the compressive stress. In the example shown in FIG. 6C, the arrangement of the

panels

8c, 8c, ... Is also modified. That is, the

panels

8c, 8c, ... Are arranged so as to configure each side of the square, and the upper

square panels

8c, 8c, ... Are rotated 45 degrees with respect to the lower square, that is, are displaced in the horizontal direction. Are arranged in this way. The

PC rope rods

22c, 22c, ... Are inserted into the

wall portions

11c, 11c ,.

Other variations are possible. In the columns 2, 2a, ... According to the present embodiment, the

panels

8, 8a, ... Which form the columns 2, 2a ,. However, auxiliary panels, that is,

auxiliary panels

23d, 23d, ... In addition to the

panels

8, 8a ,. Such a column 2d is shown in FIG. 7 (B). That is, as compared with the support column 2b shown in FIG. 7 (A), the support column 2d shown in FIG. 7 (B) has

auxiliary panels

23d and 23d added thereto so that a gap is formed by the

auxiliary panels

23d and 23d. It has a closed structure.

In the present embodiment, the

panels

8, 8a, ... Are described as being flat plate-shaped, but as shown in FIG. 8, the

panels

8e, 8e, ... May be formed as curved plate-shapes. .. Also in this embodiment, the

panels

8e, 8e, ... Which constitute the upper and lower steps are arranged so as to be displaced from each other in the horizontal direction. And also in the support | pillar 2e which concerns on this Embodiment, the part of

PC rope

22e, 22e, ... which penetrates one panel 8e of arbitrary steps | paragraphs is one panel 8e on the left side of an upper stage, Others penetrate one panel 8e on the upper right side.

The columns 2, 2a, ... According to the present embodiment can be modified in other ways. It is explained that the

panels

8, 8a, ... Are pre-filled with the

sheath pipes

13, 13 ,. That is, the PC ropes 22, 22a, ... Are to be inserted into the manufactured

panels

8, 8a ,. However, the

sheath pipes

13, 13, ... Are not necessarily essential. For example, the

panels

8, 8a, ... May be manufactured by so-called unbonding, in which the PC ropes 22, 22a, ..

The columns 2, 2a, ... According to the present embodiment can be modified not only in the structure but also in the construction method. In the construction method described above, the pillars 2, 2a, ... Are constructed such that the

panels

8, 8a ,. However, a plurality of stages, for example, three stages, are constructed on the ground from the plurality of

panels

8, 8a, ... And temporarily tensioned by the PC rope. Then, the multiple stages are lifted by a crane. Next, a plurality of

panels

8, 8a, ... Is newly constructed on the ground for a plurality of stages, temporarily tensioned by a PC rope, and lifted by a crane. By repeating this, the columns 2, 2a, ... May be constructed.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Wind power generation equipment 2 Support 4 Nacelle 5 Hub 6 Blade 8 Panel 10 Column 11 Wall 16 Formwork 17 First formwork member 18 Second formwork member 19 Plate formwork member 22 PC rope 23 Auxiliary panel

Claims

A column, a nacelle rotatably installed at the tip of the column, a rotor shaft rotatably provided on the nacelle, a hub provided at the tip of the rotor shaft, and a connection to the hub The pillar of the wind power generation equipment consisting of a plurality of blades are
The support column is composed of a plurality of precast concrete panels and a plurality of PC ropes, and a plurality of the panels is formed into one step, and the one step is stacked in a plurality of steps to form the PC rope. Has penetrated the panel of each stage in the vertical direction,
The plurality of the panels stacked on an arbitrary step are arranged so that the horizontal positions of the panels are displaced from the plurality of the panels forming the lower step, respectively. Part of the PC rope of the book penetrates into the predetermined one panel of the upper stage, and the other penetrates into the other panel of the upper stage, respectively. Stanchions.
The strut of the wind turbine generator according to claim 1, wherein the panels forming each of the stages are formed to have a narrower width toward an upper stage, whereby the strut is formed to have a smaller diameter toward the upper side. The pillar of the wind power generation facility.
The strut of the wind power generation facility according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the plurality of the panels that configure each stage are arranged with a space therebetween, and thereby a gap is formed in each stage. The pillar of the wind power generation facility.
The pillar of the wind power generation facility according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the panel has a flat plate shape, and the one-stage portion formed of a plurality of the panels is formed in a hollow polygonal shape. The pillar of the power generation facility, which is characterized by
The pillar of the wind turbine generator according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the panel is composed of a wall portion having a predetermined plate thickness, and a pair of pillar portions formed at both ends of the wall portion. The pillar of the electric power generation facility, wherein the PC rope is configured to penetrate the pillar portion.