WO2020103716A1 - 电池模组及其装配方法 - Google Patents

电池模组及其装配方法

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Publication number
WO2020103716A1
WO2020103716A1 PCT/CN2019/117068 CN2019117068W WO2020103716A1 WO 2020103716 A1 WO2020103716 A1 WO 2020103716A1 CN 2019117068 W CN2019117068 W CN 2019117068W WO 2020103716 A1 WO2020103716 A1 WO 2020103716A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery
electrode terminal
battery module
module according
batteries
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/117068
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
温昌金
徐冶
吴岸为
刘国峰
刘小荣
赵宾
Original Assignee
宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority to EP19887099.0A priority Critical patent/EP3886204B1/en
Publication of WO2020103716A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020103716A1/zh
Priority to US17/127,601 priority patent/US11955663B2/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/502—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing
    • H01M50/507—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing comprising an arrangement of two or more busbars within a container structure, e.g. busbar modules
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/209—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for prismatic or rectangular cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/342—Non-re-sealable arrangements
    • H01M50/3425—Non-re-sealable arrangements in the form of rupturable membranes or weakened parts, e.g. pierced with the aid of a sharp member
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/502—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing
    • H01M50/503—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing characterised by the shape of the interconnectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
    • H01M50/574—Devices or arrangements for the interruption of current
    • H01M50/583—Devices or arrangements for the interruption of current in response to current, e.g. fuses
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
    • H01M50/584—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries
    • H01M50/588—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries outside the batteries, e.g. incorrect connections of terminals or busbars
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
    • H01M50/584—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries
    • H01M50/59—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries characterised by the protection means
    • H01M50/593—Spacers; Insulating plates
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2200/00—Safety devices for primary or secondary batteries
    • H01M2200/10—Temperature sensitive devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2200/00—Safety devices for primary or secondary batteries
    • H01M2200/20—Pressure-sensitive devices
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of batteries, in particular to a battery module and its assembly method.
  • the battery module generally includes a plurality of batteries and a bus member, and the bus member is connected to the plurality of batteries to realize electrical connection of the plurality of batteries.
  • the two output poles of the battery module are usually provided at opposite ends, which complicates the connection line between the two battery modules, increases the space occupied by the connection line, and affects the energy density.
  • the purpose of the present application is to provide a battery module and its assembly method, which can achieve the same side output, and can exhaust and dissipate heat in a timely manner to improve safety performance.
  • the present application provides a battery module, which includes a battery and a busbar member.
  • a battery module which includes a battery and a busbar member.
  • the bus member is plural and connects the plural batteries.
  • the plurality of batteries include a first battery and a second battery, and the first electrode terminal of the first battery and the first electrode terminal of the second battery are arranged in the longitudinal direction.
  • the plurality of collecting members includes a first collecting member, and the first collecting member includes a first part, a second part, and a third part. The first part is connected to the first electrode terminal of the first battery, the second part is connected to the second electrode terminal of the second battery, and the third part is connected to the first part and the second part.
  • the third part is provided with through holes.
  • Each battery has an explosion-proof valve, and the explosion-proof valve is located between the first electrode terminal and the second electrode terminal; the through hole is at least partially located directly above the explosion-proof valve.
  • Both the explosion-proof valve of the first battery and the explosion-proof valve of the second battery are provided with through holes.
  • the third portion includes a first edge, and the first edge is inclined with respect to the longitudinal and lateral directions.
  • the through hole is strip-shaped and extends in a direction parallel to the first edge.
  • the third part includes a plurality of fuse regions, the plurality of fuse regions are arranged in a direction perpendicular to the first edge; the through hole is disposed between two adjacent fuse regions; in a direction perpendicular to the first edge, at least two The width of each fuse area is different.
  • the widths of the plurality of fuse regions are different.
  • the widths of the plurality of fuse regions increase in sequence.
  • the difference between the cross-sectional areas of two adjacent fuse zones is 5 mm 2 -10 mm 2 .
  • the width of the through hole is 1 mm to 5 mm; in the direction parallel to the first edge, the length of the through hole is 10 mm to 20 mm.
  • the plurality of batteries further includes a third battery, and the first battery, the second battery, and the third battery are arranged in sequence.
  • the plurality of busbar members further includes a second busbar member that connects the second electrode terminal of the first battery and the first electrode terminal of the third battery.
  • the second bus member passes from the lower side of the first bus member and crosses the second battery.
  • An insulating sheet is provided between the second bus member and the first bus member.
  • the plurality of busbar members further includes a plurality of third busbar members, and each third busbar member is connected to the batteries arranged at intervals.
  • the first bus member, the second bus member, and the plurality of third bus members electrically connect the plurality of batteries.
  • the battery module further includes two output pole pieces, which are respectively connected to the first electrode terminal and the second electrode terminal which are the total output poles in the battery module.
  • the two output pole pieces extend from the end of the battery module far away from the first battery.
  • the present application also provides a method for assembling a battery module, which includes: sequentially arranging a plurality of batteries having a first electrode terminal and a second electrode terminal in a longitudinal direction; and connecting a plurality of busbar members to the Electrode terminals of the plurality of batteries to electrically connect the plurality of electrode terminals.
  • the plurality of batteries include a first battery and a second battery, and the first electrode terminal of the first battery and the first electrode terminal of the second battery are arranged in the longitudinal direction.
  • the bus bar connecting the first electrode terminal of the first battery and the second electrode terminal of the second battery is provided with a through hole, and the through hole is located between the first electrode terminal of the first battery and the second electrode of the second battery Between the two electrode terminals.
  • the assembly method of the battery module further includes: connecting two output pole pieces to the first electrode terminal and the second electrode terminal as the total output pole in the battery module, and causing the two output pole pieces to be removed from the battery The same end of the module extends.
  • the present application can provide two output pole pieces extending from the same end of the battery module by providing an obliquely extending bus member to realize the same side output of the battery module and simplify the connection between the battery modules line.
  • the through hole connects the upper and lower spaces of the third part. Therefore, the heat between the third part and the battery can be radiated outward through the through hole, thereby avoiding heat accumulation, preventing the battery temperature from rising too high, and ensuring the performance of the battery.
  • the gas produced can be discharged through the through hole in time after breaking through the explosion-proof valve, reducing safety risks.
  • the through hole can also reduce the cross-sectional area of the third part. Therefore, when the battery is short-circuited, the current of the third part increases sharply, and the third part can generate heat and fuse under the action of the current, thereby cutting off the circuit To avoid safety accidents.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a battery module according to the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of battery connection of the battery module according to the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the first busbar member of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 3.
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 3.
  • the battery module of the present application includes a battery, a bus bar member, an end plate 4 and a side plate 5.
  • the battery may be a prismatic lithium ion battery, and the battery is a plurality of batteries arranged in sequence along the longitudinal direction Y.
  • Each battery has two electrode terminals with opposite polarities at the top, namely a first electrode terminal T1 and a second electrode terminal T2; the first electrode terminal T1 and the second electrode terminal T2 are arranged along the lateral direction X.
  • Each battery is also provided with an explosion-proof valve V at the top, which is located between the first electrode terminal T1 and the second electrode terminal T2.
  • the gas inside the battery rapidly produces gas; when the air pressure reaches a certain level, the gas can break through the explosion-proof valve V and be discharged to the outside of the battery, thereby preventing the battery from exploding.
  • Two end plates 4 are provided at both ends of the plurality of batteries along the longitudinal direction Y, and two side plates 5 are provided at two sides of the plurality of batteries along the transverse direction X.
  • the end plates 4 and the side plates 5 Weld together and form a rectangular frame.
  • the plurality of batteries may be fixed to the frame by adhesion or the like.
  • the bus member is plural and connects the plural batteries. Each busbar member is connected to the electrode terminal of the battery, thereby connecting the plurality of batteries together in series, parallel, or series-parallel.
  • the plurality of batteries include a first battery 1 and a second battery 2, and the first electrode terminal T1 of the first battery 1 and the first electrode terminal T1 of the second battery 2 are arranged along the longitudinal direction Y.
  • the first electrode terminal T1 of the first battery 1 and the first electrode terminal T1 of the second battery 2 are aligned, and the second electrode terminal T2 of the first battery 1 and the second electrode 2 of the second battery 2 The electrode terminals T2 are aligned.
  • the plurality of confluence members includes a first confluence member 3 that includes a first portion 31, a second portion 32, and a third portion 33.
  • the first portion 31 is connected to the first electrode terminal T1 of the first battery 1
  • the second portion 32 is connected to the second electrode terminal T2 of the second battery 2
  • the third portion 33 connects the first portion 31 and the second portion 32.
  • the first bus member 3 connects the first battery 1 and the second battery 2 in series.
  • the first bus member 3 is an integral metal member.
  • the number of the first battery 1 and the number of the second battery 2 can be set according to requirements.
  • both the first battery 1 and the second battery 2 are two.
  • the first part 31 is connected to the first electrode terminals T1 of the two first batteries 1, thereby connecting the two first batteries 1 in parallel;
  • the second part 32 is connected to the second electrode terminals T2 of the two second batteries 2, thereby
  • the two second batteries 2 are connected in parallel.
  • the first bus member 3 connects four batteries in series and parallel.
  • the first battery 1 and the second battery 2 may be one or three.
  • the number of the first part 31 may be the same as the number of the first battery 1, and the number of the second part 32 may be the same as the number of the second battery 2.
  • the plurality of batteries further includes a third battery 6, and the first battery 1, the second battery 2, and the third battery 6 are arranged in this order.
  • the plurality of busbar members further includes a second busbar member 7 that connects the second electrode terminal T2 of the first battery 1 and the first electrode terminal T1 of the third battery 6, thereby connecting the first battery 1 and the first Three batteries 6 are connected in series.
  • the second bus member 7 may pass through the second battery 2 from the lower side of the first bus member 3.
  • An insulating sheet may be provided between the second busbar member 7 and the first busbar member 3, so as to avoid conduction between the two.
  • the plurality of busbar members further includes a plurality of third busbar members 8, and each third busbar member 8 is connected to the batteries (for example, the second battery 2 and the fourth battery, the third battery 6 and the fifth battery, etc.) arranged at intervals.
  • the first bus member 3, the second bus member 7 and the third bus member 8 connect all the batteries together.
  • the battery module further includes two output pole pieces 9 respectively connected to the first electrode terminal T1 and the second electrode terminal T2 in the battery module as the total output electrode.
  • the two battery modules can be electrically connected through the output pole piece 9.
  • the two output pole pieces 9 can protrude from the end of the battery module away from the first battery 1.
  • the two output pole pieces 9 can be extended from the same end of the battery module to realize the same side output of the battery module, simplifying the battery module Connection line.
  • the first electrode terminal T1 of the first battery 1 and the second electrode terminal T2 of the second battery 2 cannot be aligned in the longitudinal direction Y, That is to say, the first electrode terminal T1 of the first battery 1 and the second electrode terminal T2 of the second battery 2 cross misalignment; and in order to connect the misaligned first electrode terminal T1 and second electrode terminal T2, the The third portion 33 needs to extend between the first electrode terminal T1 and the second electrode terminal T2, resulting in the third portion 33 covering the explosion-proof valve V.
  • the gas produced will be blocked by the third part 33 after breaking through the explosion-proof valve V, and the exhaust pressure cannot be exhausted within the first time, causing a safety hazard.
  • the third portion 33 is provided with a through hole H.
  • the through hole H conducts the upper and lower spaces of the third part 33, therefore, the heat between the third part 33 and the battery can be radiated outward through the through hole H, thereby avoiding heat accumulation, preventing the battery temperature from rising too high, and ensuring the battery performance.
  • the gas produced can be promptly discharged through the through hole H after breaking through the explosion-proof valve V, reducing the safety risk.
  • the through hole H can also reduce the cross-sectional area of the third portion 33. Therefore, when the battery is short-circuited, the current of the third portion 33 increases sharply, and the third portion 33 can generate heat and fuse under the effect of the current , Thereby cutting off the circuit and avoiding safety accidents.
  • the produced gas is sprayed upward after breaking through the explosion-proof valve V. Therefore, preferably, the through hole H is at least partially located directly above the explosion-proof valve V. In this way, the generated gas can directly pass through the through hole H, thereby increasing the exhaust rate and reducing the safety risk.
  • the third part 33 may completely cover some explosion-proof valves V. Therefore, all explosion-proof valves V completely covered by the third part 33 should be provided with through holes H above them.
  • a through hole H is provided above the explosion-proof valve V of the first battery 1 and the explosion-proof valve V of the second battery 2. At this time, when any battery is short-circuited, the gas produced can be discharged in time after breaking through the explosion-proof valve V.
  • the plurality of through holes H There are a plurality of through holes H. Multiple through holes H can improve exhaust efficiency and improve the safety of the battery module. In addition, the plurality of through holes H can also increase the surface area of the third portion 33 and improve the heat dissipation efficiency. When the battery is out of control, the gas produced inside the battery breaks through the explosion-proof valve V, and the gas produced will carry some high-temperature solid particles. In the present application, the plurality of through holes H have a certain shunting and intercepting effect, which can reduce the impact of high-temperature solid particles on other components of the battery module (such as the harness plate on the upper side of the collecting member), and improve safety.
  • the third portion 33 needs to extend in a direction inclined with respect to the longitudinal direction Y and the lateral direction X.
  • the third portion 33 is at least partially an inclined area that is inclined with respect to the longitudinal direction Y and the lateral direction X.
  • the third portion 33 includes a first edge 331 and a second edge 332, and the first edge 331 and the second edge 332 are respectively located at opposite ends of the inclined area of the third portion 33.
  • the first edge 331 is inclined with respect to the longitudinal direction Y and the lateral direction X.
  • the over-current capability of the third portion 33 depends on the minimum distance between the first edge 331 and the second edge 332, therefore, when the second edge 332 is parallel to the first edge 331, the effective utilization of the third portion 33 can be achieved maximize. Protrusions may also be provided on the second edge 332 to connect with the battery module using wires.
  • the through hole H is strip-shaped and extends in a direction parallel to the first edge 331.
  • the through hole H is parallel to the first edge 331, the effect of the through hole H on the effective flow area of the third portion 33 can be minimized to ensure the flow capacity.
  • the third portion 33 includes a plurality of fuse regions 333 that are arranged in a direction perpendicular to the first edge 331.
  • the through hole H is provided between two adjacent fuse regions 333. In other words, by forming a plurality of through holes H, a plurality of spaced-apart strip-shaped fuse regions 33 are formed on the third portion 33.
  • At least two fuse regions 333 have different widths. Since the third portion 33 is a metal plate of equal thickness, when the widths of the two fuse regions 333 are different, the flow area of the two fuse regions 333 (that is, the cross-sectional area perpendicular to the first edge 331) Not the same.
  • the current on the third part 33 will exceed the rated current.
  • the fuse area 333 with the smallest overcurrent area will be the first to fuse, and then the current on the other fuse area 333 will further increase, thereby The fusing rate of other fusing regions 333 is accelerated. That is to say, by setting the fuse regions 333 with different widths in the present application, the fuse rate of the fuse region 333 can be improved, thereby cutting off the circuit in time and reducing hidden safety hazards.
  • the widths of the plurality of fuse regions 333 are different, so that the fuse rate of the fuse region 333 can be maximized.
  • the width of the plurality of fuse regions 333 sequentially increases.
  • the feed amount can be gradually increased to facilitate forming.
  • the difference between the cross-sectional areas of two adjacent fuse regions 333 is 5 mm 2 -10 mm 2 . If the difference in cross-sectional area is less than 5 mm 2 , the difference in heat required for fusing the two is small, and it may be difficult to achieve the effect of fusing sequentially. If the difference in cross-sectional area is greater than 10 mm 2 , the difference in heat required for fusing the two is large, and the time difference between the two fusing is large, which affects the fusing rate.
  • the width of the through hole H is 1 mm to 5 mm. If the width of the through hole H is less than 1 mm, the air permeability of the through hole H is poor, which affects the exhaust rate. If the width of the through hole H is greater than 5 mm, the overcurrent capability of the third portion 33 will be seriously affected.
  • the length of the through hole H is 10 mm to 20 mm. If the length is less than 10 mm, the permeability of the through hole H is poor, which affects the exhaust rate. If the length is greater than 20 mm, the overall strength of the third portion 33 will be reduced.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Connection Of Batteries Or Terminals (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)

Abstract

本申请提供了一种电池模组及其装配方法。电池模组其包括电池和汇流构件。电池为多个并沿纵向依次布置，且各电池包括第一电极端子和第二电极端子。汇流构件为多个并连接所述多个电池。所述多个电池包括第一电池和第二电池，且第一电池的第一电极端子和第二电池的第一电极端子沿纵向布置。所述多个汇流构件包括第一汇流构件，第一汇流构件包括第一部分、第二部分和第三部分。第一部分连接于第一电池的第一电极端子，第二部分连接于第二电池的第二电极端子，第三部分连接第一部分和第二部分。第三部分设有通孔。

Description

电池模组及其装配方法 技术领域
本申请涉及电池领域，尤其涉及一种电池模组及其装配方法。
背景技术
电池模组通常包括多个电池以及汇流构件，汇流构件连接于所述多个电池以实现所述多个电池的电连接。然而，在现有技术中，电池模组的两个输出极通常设置在相反的两端，导致两个电池模组之间的连接线路复杂化，增大连接线路占用的空间，影响能量密度。
发明内容
鉴于背景技术中存在的问题，本申请的目的在于提供一种电池模组及其装配方法，其能实现同侧输出，并能够及时排气、散热，提高安全性能。
为了实现上述目的，本申请提供了一种电池模组，其包括电池和汇流构件。电池为多个并沿纵向依次布置，且各电池包括第一电极端子和第二电极端子。汇流构件为多个并连接所述多个电池。所述多个电池包括第一电池和第二电池，且第一电池的第一电极端子和第二电池的第一电极端子沿纵向布置。所述多个汇流构件包括第一汇流构件，第一汇流构件包括第一部分、第二部分和第三部分。第一部分连接于第一电池的第一电极端子，第二部分连接于第二电池的第二电极端子，第三部分连接第一部分和第二部分。第三部分设有通孔。
各电池具有防爆阀，防爆阀位于第一电极端子和第二电极端子之间；通孔至少部分位于防爆阀的正上方。
第一电池的防爆阀和第二电池的防爆阀的上方均设有通孔。
通孔为多个。
第三部分包括第一边缘，且第一边缘相对于纵向和横向倾斜。通孔为条形并沿平行于第一边缘的方向延伸。
第三部分包括多个熔断区，所述多个熔断区沿垂直于第一边缘的方向布置；通孔设置于相邻的两个熔断区之间；沿垂直于第一边缘的方向，至少两个熔断区的宽度不相同。
沿垂直于第一边缘的方向，所述多个熔断区的宽度各不相同。优选地，沿远离第一边缘的方向，所述多个熔断区的宽度依次增大。
相邻两个熔断区的横截面积之差为5mm 2～10mm 2。
沿垂直于第一边缘的方向，通孔的宽度为1mm～5mm；沿平行于第一边缘的方向，通孔的长度为10mm～20mm。
所述多个电池还包括第三电池，第一电池、第二电池及第三电池依次排列。所述多个汇流构件还包括第二汇流构件，第二汇流构件连接第一电池的第二电极端子和第三电池的第一电极端子。
第二汇流构件从第一汇流构件的下侧穿过并跨越第二电池。
第二汇流构件和第一汇流构件之间设置有绝缘片。
所述多个汇流构件还包括多个第三汇流构件，各第三汇流构件连接间隔设置的电池。第一汇流构件、第二汇流构件和所述多个第三汇流构件将所述多个电池电连接。
所述电池模组还包括两个输出极片，分别连接于电池模组中作为总输出极的第一电极端子和第二电极端子。所述两个输出极片从电池模组的远离第一电池的一端伸出。
为了实现上述目的，本申请还提供了一种电池模组的装配方法，其包括：将多个具有第一电极端子和第二电极端子的电池沿纵向依次排列；将多个汇流构件连接于与所述多个电池的电极端子，以将所述多个电极端子电连接。其中，所述多个电池包括第一电池和第二电池，且第一电池的第一电极端子和第二电池的第一电极端子沿纵向布置。连接第一电池的第一电极端子和第二电池的第二电极端子的汇流构件设有通孔，且所述通孔位于所述第一电池的第一电极端子和所述第二电池的第二电极端子之间。
所述电池模组的装配方法还包括：将两个输出极片分别连接于电池模组中作为总输出极的第一电极端子和第二电极端子，并使所述两个输出极片从电池模组的同一端伸出。
本申请的有益效果如下：本申请通过设置倾斜延伸汇流构件，可以使两 个输出极片从电池模组的同一端伸出，实现电池模组的同侧输出，简化电池模组之间的连接线路。通孔将第三部分的上下空间导通，因此，第三部分与电池之间的热量可以经由通孔向外散发，从而避免热量聚集，防止电池温升过高，保证电池的性能。当第一电池或第二电池短路时，产气冲破防爆阀后可以经由通孔及时排出，降低安全风险。另外，通孔还能够减小第三部分的横截面积，因此，当电池短路时，第三部分的电流急剧增大，而第三部分可以在电流的作用下产热并熔断，从而切断电路，避免安全事故。
附图说明
图1为根据本申请的电池模组的示意图。
图2为根据本申请的电池模组的电池的连接示意图。
图3为图1的第一汇流构件的示意图。
图4为图3沿线A-A作出的断面图。
其中，附图标记说明如下：
1第一电池                6第三电池
2第二电池                7第二汇流构件
3第一汇流构件            8第三汇流构件
31第一部分               9输出极片
32第二部分               H通孔
33第三部分               V防爆阀
331第一边缘              T1第一电极端子
332第二边缘              T2第二电极端子
333熔断区                X横向
4端板                    Y纵向
5侧板                    Z高度方向
具体实施方式
为了使本申请的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例，对本申请进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本申请，并不用于限定本申请。
在本申请的描述中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”仅用于描述的目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性；术语“多个”是指两个或两个以上；除非另有规定或说明，术语“连接”、“固定”等均应做广义理解，例如，“连接”可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接，或电连接，或信号连接；“连接”可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
本说明书的描述中，需要理解的是，本申请实施例所描述的“上”、“下”等方位词是以附图所示的角度来进行描述的，不应理解为对本申请实施例的限定。此外，在上下文中，还需要理解的是，当提到一个元件连接在另一个元件“上”或者“下”时，其不仅能够直接连接在另一个元件“上”或者“下”，也可以通过中间元件间接连接在另一个元件“上”或者“下”。下面通过具体的实施例并结合附图对本申请做进一步的详细描述。
参照图1和图2，本申请的电池模组包括电池、汇流构件、端板4和侧板5。
电池可为棱柱形的锂离子电池，且电池为多个并沿纵向Y依次排列。各电池在顶部具有两个极性相反的电极端子，即第一电极端子T1和第二电极端子T2；第一电极端子T1和第二电极端子T2沿横向X布置。各电池在顶部还设有防爆阀V，防爆阀V位于第一电极端子T1和第二电极端子T2之间。当电池出现短路时，电池的内部急剧产气；当气压达到一定程度时，产气能够冲破防爆阀V并排出到电池的外部，从而避免电池爆炸。
端板4为两个且分别设置于所述多个电池沿纵向Y的两端，侧板5为两个且分别设置于所述多个电池沿横向X的两侧，端板4和侧板5焊接在一起并形成矩形的框架。所述多个电池可通过粘接等方式固定于所述框架。
汇流构件为多个并连接所述多个电池。各汇流构件连接于电池的电极端子，从而将所述多个电池以串联、并联或串并联的方式连接在一起。
所述多个电池包括第一电池1和第二电池2，且第一电池1的第一电极端子T1和第二电池2的第一电极端子T1沿纵向Y布置。换句话说，在纵向Y上，第一电池1的第一电极端子T1和第二电池2的第一电极端子T1对齐，第一电池1的第二电极端子T2和第二电池2的第二电极端子T2对齐。
所述多个汇流构件包括第一汇流构件3，第一汇流构件3包括第一部分31、第二部分32和第三部分33。第一部分31连接于第一电池1的第一电极端子T1，第二部分32连接于第二电池2的第二电极端子T2，第三部分33连接第一部分31和第二部分32。第一汇流构件3将第一电池1和第二电池2串联。第一汇流构件3为一体式金属构件。
第一电池1的数量和第二电池2的数量可依照需求设定。例如，在一实施例中，参照图2，第一电池1和第二电池2均为两个。第一部分31连接于两个第一电池1的第一电极端子T1，从而将所述两个第一电池1并联；第二部分32连接于两个第二电池2的第二电极端子T2，从而将所述两个第二电池2并联。第一汇流构件3将四个电池串并联。当然，第一电池1和第二电池2也可为一个或三个。
第一部分31的数量可与第一电池1的数量相同，第二部分32的数量可与第二电池2的数量相同。
所述多个电池还包括第三电池6，第一电池1、第二电池2及第三电池6依次排列。所述多个汇流构件还包括第二汇流构件7，第二汇流构件7连接第一电池1的第二电极端子T2和第三电池6的第一电极端子T1，从而将第一电池1和第三电池6串联。第二汇流构件7可从第一汇流构件3的下侧穿过并跨越第二电池2。第二汇流构件7和第一汇流构件3之间可设置绝缘片，从而避免两者导通。
所述多个汇流构件还包括多个第三汇流构件8，各第三汇流构件8连接间隔设置的电池(例如第二电池2和第四电池、第三电池6和第五电池等)。第一汇流构件3、第二汇流构件7和第三汇流构件8将所有的电池连接在一起。
电池模组还包括两个输出极片9，分别连接于电池模组中作为总输出极的第一电极端子T1和第二电极端子T2。两个电池模组可通过输出极片9电连接。两个输出极片9可从电池模组的远离第一电池1的一端伸出。
综上所述，本申请通过设置倾斜延伸第一汇流构件3，可以使两个输出极片9从电池模组的同一端伸出，实现电池模组的同侧输出，简化电池模组之间的连接线路。
然而，为了使两个输出极片9可从电池模组的同一端伸出，第一电池1 的第一电极端子T1和第二电池2的第二电极端子T2无法在纵向Y上对齐，也就是说，第一电池1的第一电极端子T1和第二电池2的第二电极端子T2交叉错位；而为了连接错位的第一电极端子T1和第二电极端子T2，第一汇流构件3的第三部分33需要在第一电极端子T1和第二电极端子T2之间延伸，导致第三部分33覆盖防爆阀V。第一电池1或第二电池2短路时，产气冲破防爆阀V后会受到第三部分33的阻挡，无法在第一时间内排气泄压，引发安全隐患。
因此，优选地，第三部分33设有通孔H。通孔H将第三部分33的上下空间导通，因此，第三部分33与电池之间的热量可以经由通孔H向外散发，从而避免热量聚集，防止电池温升过高，保证电池的性能。当第一电池1或第二电池2短路时，产气冲破防爆阀V后可以经由通孔H及时排出，降低安全风险。另外，通孔H还能够减小第三部分33的横截面积，因此，当电池短路时，第三部分33的电流急剧增大，而第三部分33可以在电流的作用下产热并熔断，从而切断电路，避免安全事故。
产气冲破防爆阀V后向上喷出，因此，优选地，通孔H至少部分位于防爆阀V的正上方。这样产气可以直接穿过通孔H，从而提高排气速率，降低安全风险。
第三部分33可能会完全覆盖一些防爆阀V，因此，所有被第三部分33完全覆盖的防爆阀V的上方均应设有通孔H。优选地，第一电池1的防爆阀V和第二电池2的防爆阀V的上方均设有通孔H。此时，任何一个电池出现短路时，产气冲破防爆阀V后都能够及时排出。
通孔H为多个。多个通孔H可以提高排气效率，提高电池模组的安全性。另外，多个通孔H还能增大第三部分33的表面积，提高散热效率。当电池出现热失控时，电池内部的产气冲破防爆阀V，产气会携带一些高温固体颗粒。在本申请中，所述多个通孔H具有一定的分流和拦截作用，可以降低高温固体颗粒对电池模组的其它构件(例如汇流构件上侧的线束板)的冲击，提高电池模组的安全性。
由于第一电池1的第一电极端子T1和第二电池2的第二电极端子T2交叉错位，所以第三部分33需要沿相对于纵向Y和横向X倾斜的方向延伸。换句话说，第三部分33至少部分为倾斜区域，所述倾斜区域相对于纵向Y 和横向X倾斜。
参照图3，第三部分33包括第一边缘331和第二边缘332，第一边缘331和第二边缘332分别位于第三部分33的所述倾斜区域的相反的两端。对应地，第一边缘331相对于纵向Y和横向X倾斜。
第三部分33的过流能力取决于第一边缘331和第二边缘332之间的最小距离，因此，当第二边缘332平行于第一边缘331时，可使第三部分33的有效利用率最大化。第二边缘332上也可设置突起，以与电池模组的采用线路连接。
通孔H为条形并沿平行于第一边缘331的方向延伸。当通孔H平行于第一边缘331时，可以使通孔H对第三部分33的有效过流面积的影响最小，保证过流能力。
第三部分33包括多个熔断区333，所述多个熔断区333沿垂直于第一边缘331的方向布置。通孔H设置于相邻的两个熔断区333之间。换句话说，通过开设多个通孔H，第三部分33上形成多个间隔布置的条形熔断区33。
沿垂直于第一边缘331的方向，至少两个熔断区333的宽度不相同。由于第三部分33为等厚度的金属板，因此，当两个熔断区333的宽度不相同时，两个熔断区333的过流面积(也就是垂直于第一边缘331的横截面的面积)也不相同。
熔断区333的过流面积越小，电阻也就越大，过电流时的产热量也就越大，也就越容易熔断。当电池模组出现短路时，第三部分33上的电流会超过额定电流，此时，过流面积最小的熔断区333会率先熔断，然后其它的熔断区333上的电流会进一步增大，从而加快其它熔断区333的熔断速率。也就是说，本申请通过设置不同宽度的熔断区333，可以提高熔断区333的熔断速率，从而及时切断电路，降低安全隐患。
优选地，沿垂直于第一边缘331的方向，所述多个熔断区333的宽度各不相同，这样可以使熔断区333的熔断速率最大化。
沿远离第一边缘331的方向，所述多个熔断区333的宽度依次增大。在冲切通孔H时，可以逐渐增大进给量，便于成型。
相邻两个熔断区333的横截面积之差为5mm 2～10mm 2。如果横截面积之差小于5mm 2，那么两者熔断所需的热量差异较小，可能难以达到依次熔断 的效果。如果横截面积之差大于10mm 2，那么两者熔断所需的热量差异较大，两者熔断的时间差较大，影响熔断速率。
沿垂直于第一边缘331的方向，通孔H的宽度为1mm～5mm。如果通孔H的宽度小于1mm，那么通孔H的透气性差，影响排气速率。如果通孔H的宽度大于5mm，那么将会严重影响第三部分33的过流能力。
沿平行于第一边缘331的方向，通孔H的长度为10mm～20mm。如果长度小于10mm，那么通孔H的透气性差，影响排气速率。如果长度大于20mm，将会降低第三部分33的整体强度。

Claims (17)

  1. 一种电池模组，包括电池和汇流构件；
    电池为多个并沿纵向(Y)依次布置，且各电池包括第一电极端子(T1)和第二电极端子(T2)；
    汇流构件为多个并连接所述多个电池；
    所述多个电池包括第一电池(1)和第二电池(2)，且第一电池(1)的第一电极端子(T1)和第二电池(2)的第一电极端子(T1)沿纵向(Y)布置；
    所述多个汇流构件包括第一汇流构件(3)，第一汇流构件(3)包括第一部分(31)、第二部分(32)和第三部分(33)；
    第一部分(31)连接于第一电池(1)的第一电极端子(T1)，第二部分(32)连接于第二电池(2)的第二电极端子(T2)，第三部分(33)连接第一部分(31)和第二部分(32)；
    第三部分(33)设有通孔(H)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电池模组，其特征在于，
    各电池具有防爆阀(V)，防爆阀(V)位于第一电极端子(T1)和第二电极端子(T2)之间；
    通孔(H)至少部分位于防爆阀(V)的正上方。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的电池模组，其特征在于，第一电池(1)的防爆阀(V)和第二电池(2)的防爆阀(V)的上方均设有通孔(H)。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的电池模组，其特征在于，通孔(H)为多个。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的电池模组，其特征在于，
    第三部分(33)包括第一边缘(331)，且第一边缘(331)相对于纵向(Y)和横向(X)倾斜；
    通孔(H)为条形并沿平行于第一边缘(331)的方向延伸。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的电池模组，其特征在于，
    第三部分(33)包括多个熔断区(333)，所述多个熔断区(333)沿垂直于第一边缘(331)的方向布置；
    通孔(H)设置于相邻的两个熔断区(333)之间；
    沿垂直于第一边缘(331)的方向，至少两个熔断区(333)的宽度不相同。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的电池模组，其特征在于，沿垂直于第一边缘(331)的方向，所述多个熔断区(333)的宽度各不相同。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的电池模组，其特征在于，沿远离第一边缘(331)的方向，所述多个熔断区(333)的宽度依次增大。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的电池模组，其特征在于，相邻两个熔断区(333)的横截面积之差为5mm 2～10mm 2。
  10. 根据权利要求5所述的电池模组，其特征在于，
    沿垂直于第一边缘(331)的方向，通孔(H)的宽度为1mm～5mm；
    沿平行于第一边缘(331)的方向，通孔(H)的长度为10mm～20mm。
  11. 根据权利要求1-10中任一项所述的电池模组，其特征在于，
    所述多个电池还包括第三电池(6)，第一电池(1)、第二电池(2)及第三电池(6)依次排列；
    所述多个汇流构件还包括第二汇流构件(7)，第二汇流构件(7)连接第一电池(1)的第二电极端子(T2)和第三电池(6)的第一电极端子(T1)。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的电池模组，其特征在于，第二汇流构件(7)从第一汇流构件(3)的下侧穿过并跨越第二电池(2)。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的电池模组，其特征在于，第二汇流构件(7)和第一汇流构件(3)之间设置有绝缘片。
  14. 根据权利要求11-13中任一项所述的电池模组，其特征在于，
    所述多个汇流构件还包括多个第三汇流构件(8)，各第三汇流构件(8)连接间隔设置的电池；
    第一汇流构件(3)、第二汇流构件(7)和所述多个第三汇流构件(8)将所述多个电池电连接。
  15. 根据权利要求1-14中任一项所述的电池模组，其特征在于，
    所述电池模组还包括两个输出极片(9)，分别连接于电池模组中作为总输出极的第一电极端子(T1)和第二电极端子(T2)；
    所述两个输出极片(9)从电池模组的远离第一电池(1)的一端伸出。
  16. 一种电池模组的装配方法，其特征在于，包括：
    将多个具有第一电极端子(T1)和第二电极端子(T2)的电池沿纵向(Y)依次排列；
    将多个汇流构件连接于与所述多个电池的电极端子，以将所述多个电极端子电连接；
    其中，所述多个电池包括第一电池(1)和第二电池(2)，且第一电池(1)的第一电极端子(T1)和第二电池(2)的第一电极端子(T1)沿纵向(Y)布置；
    连接第一电池(1)的第一电极端子(T1)和第二电池(2)的第二电极端子(T2)的汇流构件设有通孔(H)，且所述通孔(H)位于所述第一电池(1)的第一电极端子(T1)和所述第二电池(2)的第二电极端子(T2)之间。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的电池模组的装配方法，其特征在于，还包括：
    将两个输出极片(9)分别连接于电池模组中作为总输出极的第一电极端子(T1)和第二电极端子(T2)，并使所述两个输出极片(9)从电池模 组的同一端伸出。
PCT/CN2019/117068 2018-11-19 2019-11-11 电池模组及其装配方法 WO2020103716A1 (zh)

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