WO2020095855A1 - Transmitting device - Google Patents
Transmitting device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2020095855A1 WO2020095855A1 PCT/JP2019/043140 JP2019043140W WO2020095855A1 WO 2020095855 A1 WO2020095855 A1 WO 2020095855A1 JP 2019043140 W JP2019043140 W JP 2019043140W WO 2020095855 A1 WO2020095855 A1 WO 2020095855A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- thermoelectric conversion
- conversion element
- unit
- card
- power
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 33
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 35
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 21
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005422 Nernst effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000005355 Hall effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000002066 L-histidyl group Chemical group [H]N1C([H])=NC(C([H])([H])[C@](C(=O)[*])([H])N([H])[H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 2
- 230000005678 Seebeck effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002547 anomalous effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000036760 body temperature Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002223 garnet Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- MTRJKZUDDJZTLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron yttrium Chemical compound [Fe].[Y] MTRJKZUDDJZTLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(1+);methylsulfanylmethane;bromide Chemical compound Br[Cu].CSC PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- ZPDRQAVGXHVGTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N gallium;gadolinium(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ga+3].[Gd+3] ZPDRQAVGXHVGTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001004 magnetic alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007788 roughening Methods 0.000 description 1
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005676 thermoelectric effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
- G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
- G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
- G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
- G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching, or capacitors or resistors with at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier, e.g. PN junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/66—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/82—Types of semiconductor device ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor controllable by variation of the magnetic field applied to the device
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N15/00—Thermoelectric devices without a junction of dissimilar materials; Thermomagnetic devices, e.g. using the Nernst-Ettingshausen effect
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a transmitting device, for example, a card with a transmitting function.
- IC cards such as student ID cards, employee ID cards, and commuter passes are easy to carry and do not require a power supply to operate. Therefore, IC cards are widely used for applications such as entrance processing and shopping.
- the IC card does not have a power source, the function of the IC card, regardless of whether it is a contact type or a contactless type, has a reader to supply power, and the power is used to read and write data. It remains the only one. Therefore, the IC card cannot be used for active purposes (for example, opening and closing the key of a car, operating a terminal such as a personal computer, transmitting a location at the time of a disaster).
- Patent Document 1 discloses an invention of a display device.
- the display device described in Patent Document 1 includes a power generation mechanism associated with a user's input operation such as page turning so that the user can use the electronic book without worrying about the remaining amount of the storage battery.
- a thermoelectric conversion element is arranged between a cylindrical display unit and a housing, and a user rotates the display unit with respect to the housing, and the generated frictional heat causes the thermoelectric conversion element to generate power.
- thermoelectric conversion element when the user holds the electronic book by holding the back surface on the left side when using the electronic book, the portion of the electronic book that the user touches is heated by the heat of the user and becomes hotter than the surface of the electronic book. become.
- the thermoelectric conversion element when the high temperature side contact of the thermoelectric conversion element is exposed on the back surface and the low temperature side contact is exposed on the front surface side, the thermoelectric conversion element generates power due to the temperature difference between the back surface and the front surface (FIG. 19, paragraph [0136]. ] -Paragraph [0139]).
- Patent Document 2 discloses an invention of a display element used for an electronic book or the like.
- the power generation unit configured by bonding the piezoelectric film and the plastic substrate to each other and the display unit configured by sandwiching the reflective display element having a memory property between the transparent substrates are bonded.
- Configuring a display terminal In the invention described in Patent Document 2, the piezoelectric film is caused to generate electric power by bending or bending the display element. By doing so, it is possible to turn pages of an electronic book without an external power supply.
- thermoelectric element or the like In addition to the power generation of the piezoelectric film by the above-mentioned method, power may be generated at the body temperature by sandwiching the thermoelectric element or the like by hand, or by frictional heat by rubbing the thermoelectric element or the like by hand.
- Patent Document 2 paragraph [0108]).
- Patent Documents 1 and 2 combine thermoelectric conversion by touching with hand and thermoelectric conversion by frictional heat.
- Thermoelectric conversion elements generally generate a small amount of electric power, and in some cases, the electric power is insufficient to operate the circuit.
- the object of the present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and it is to provide a transmitting device capable of operating a circuit even when the power that can be generated is small.
- the present invention includes a thermoelectric conversion element, a heat generation film formed on the thermoelectric conversion element, a power storage unit, a control unit, and a transmission unit, wherein the thermoelectric conversion element is based on heat generated by a user rubbing the heat generation film.
- a transmitting device characterized in that power is stored in the power storage unit, the power is supplied from the power storage unit to the control unit and the transmission unit, and the information output by the control unit is transmitted by the transmission unit. ..
- the transmitting device of the present invention it is possible to provide a transmitting device capable of operating the circuit even when the power that can be generated is small.
- FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram showing an internal configuration of a card 10 with a calling function according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- a spin thermoelectric conversion element 11 is embedded in a card with a transmission function (hereinafter, may be simply referred to as a card) 10, and a spin thermoelectric conversion element (hereinafter, may be abbreviated as spin thermoelectric element).
- a heat generating film 12 is formed on a part of the surface.
- a stainless film having a high friction coefficient is used as the material of the heat generating film 12.
- aluminum or the like is used as the material of the heat generating film 12.
- the power storage unit 13 stores the electric power generated by the spin thermoelectric element 11 in the form of electric charge and supplies the electric power to the control unit 14 and the transmission unit 15.
- the control unit 14 controls the operation of the entire card 10 with a calling function.
- the control unit 14 is embedded in the card 10 at a position that does not overlap the spin thermoelectric element 11.
- the control unit 14 internally stores predetermined information, starts operating when power is supplied from the storage battery 13, and outputs the predetermined information to the transmitting unit 15 as a signal.
- the control unit 14 is composed of, for example, a small-scale microprocessor chip.
- the transmitter 15 is embedded in the card at a position where it does not overlap with other circuits.
- the transmitting unit 15 drives the antenna 16 under the control of the control unit 14 to transmit the signal output by the control unit 14 on the radio frequency and transmit the signal to the outside of the card 10.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view of the card 10.
- the spin thermoelectric element 11 occupies a large area (about half in this embodiment) of the card 10.
- the heat generating film 12 covers most of the surface of the spin thermoelectric element 11.
- the spin thermoelectric element 11 has electrodes 34 and 35 for extracting electromotive force at both ends.
- the electrodes 34 and 35 are connected to the terminals of the storage battery 13, respectively.
- power storage unit 13 is arranged adjacent to spin thermoelectric element 11 and at a position not overlapping spin thermoelectric element 11 and other circuits.
- the control unit 14, the transmission unit 15, and the antenna 16 are provided on the opposite side of the spin thermoelectric element 11 with the power storage unit 13 interposed therebetween.
- FIG. 3 is a view showing a cross section of A-A ′ of the card 10 of FIG.
- a spin thermoelectric element 11 is embedded inside a card substrate 21 made of resin.
- a heat generation film 12 is formed on the spin thermoelectric element 11 with a thin insulating layer 17 interposed therebetween.
- a material having good thermal conductivity such as silicon nitride, boron nitride, alumina, or aluminum nitride is used so that a temperature gradient is not generated in the insulating layer 17 as much as possible.
- the heat generating film 12 is formed on the insulating layer 17 by a method such as coating or pasting. Two electrodes (not shown in FIG.
- the power storage unit 13 adjacent to the spin thermoelectric element 11 are connected to the electrodes 34 and 35 of the spin thermoelectric element 11 by internal wiring (not shown in FIG. 3), respectively. ..
- Power storage unit 13 is connected to control unit 14 by another internal wiring 22. Although not shown, the power storage unit 13 is also connected to the transmission unit 15 by internal wiring. Therefore, the power storage unit 13 serves as a power source for the control unit 14 and the transmission unit 15.
- the antenna 16 is supplied with power from the transmitter 15.
- FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing the structure of the spin thermoelectric element 11.
- a Bi: YIG (Yttrium Iron Garnet) film (Bi) is added as a magnetic substance on a GGG substrate 31 formed of a material such as GGG (Gadolinium Gallium Garnet, Gd 3 Ga 5 O 12 ).
- a magnetic insulator layer 32 such as Y 3 Fe 5 O 12 ) is formed.
- the magnetic insulator layer 32 is magnetized in the in-plane direction (M in FIG. 3).
- a metal film 33 of Pt or the like is formed as an electromotive body on the magnetic insulator layer 32, and electrodes 34 and 35 are provided at both ends of the metal film 33.
- the spin thermoelectric element 11 is embedded in a recess formed in the surface (upper surface) of the card substrate 21 so that the XY plane in the drawing is parallel to the main surface of the card substrate 21. There is. Further, in the spin thermoelectric element 11, one of the electrodes 34 and 35 is arranged to be in contact with one electrode of the storage battery 13.
- oxide magnetic materials such as garnet ferrite (yttrium iron ferrite) and spinel ferrite can be used in addition to the Bi: YIG film.
- a magnetized metal can be used in addition to the oxide magnetic material.
- the magnetic insulator may be bulk or thin film.
- the electromotive material a material having a large spin-orbit interaction is desirable, and Au or Pd can be used instead of Pt.
- an alloy having two or more of these metals (Pt, Au, Pd) or the like can be used for the electromotive body.
- impurities such as Fe, Cu and Ir may be added to these metals (Pt, Au, Pd) or alloys in order to enhance the inverse spin Hall effect.
- the Bi: YIG film (magnetic insulator layer 32) produces a spin current in the direction of the temperature gradient due to the spin Seebeck effect. To do.
- the spin current generated by the Bi: YIG film (magnetic insulator layer 32) flows into the metal film 33 bonded to the magnetic insulator layer 32, and due to the inverse spin Hall effect, the spin current direction (the same as the direction of ⁇ T).
- the generated current causes an electromotive force (E in FIG. 4) to be generated in the metal film 33, and this electromotive force can be taken out as a potential difference by the electrodes 34 and 35 provided at both ends of the metal film 33.
- thermoelectric element 11 As the spin thermoelectric element 11 shown in FIG. 4, a material having another type of thermoelectric effect called an ANE (Anomalous Nernst Effect) in a conductive magnetic metal can be used in addition to the spin Seebeck effect.
- ANE Ananomalous Nernst Effect
- the abnormal Nernst effect is a phenomenon in which, when a heat flow is applied to a magnetized magnetic body, a voltage is generated in a direction (outer product direction) orthogonal to each of the magnetization direction and the heat flow direction.
- the spin thermoelectric conversion element based on the anomalous Nernst effect has a film or plate-like structure made of a magnetic metal having magnetization in one direction, such as Mn, Fe, Co, or Ni, or a magnetic alloy having these as a base material.
- a magnetic metal having magnetization in one direction such as Mn, Fe, Co, or Ni
- a magnetic alloy having these as a base material When magnetization is applied to this in one direction in the plane and a temperature gradient in the direction perpendicular to the plane is applied, a current is driven in a desired direction in the plane.
- thermoelectric conversion element Even if the output is large due to the large area of the thermoelectric conversion element and it is usually enough to operate the circuit, charging from the environment may be insufficient. For example, there are cases where the temperature becomes extremely high such as on a hot day, the temperature difference applied to the thermoelectric conversion element becomes small, and the obtained electric power becomes insufficient. When the temperature is extremely high and becomes equal to the body temperature, or when the card is placed in a high temperature place, the temperature difference may not occur. Even in such a case, according to this embodiment, sufficient electric power can be obtained.
- an IC card having a remote control function can be provided by incorporating a thermoelectric conversion element. Further, since the control unit and the transmission unit operate by the electric power supplied by the incorporated thermoelectric conversion element, an external power source for the control unit and the transmission unit becomes unnecessary.
- this embodiment uses the spin thermoelectric element, it is superior in the following points as compared with the case where it is driven by the piezoelectric element. That is, first, since the spin thermoelectric element is resistant to bending, it can withstand operation such as being stored in a wallet. In addition, the spin thermoelectric element has a long life because it does not have a drive unit inside the card and operates even if a part is damaged. When operating a card equipped with a wireless switch, it is especially important to be portable, to supply power from the environment, and to have a manual power supply function. Up to now, a wireless switch that supplies power by sunlight or piezoelectric has been known. However, since these instruments are vulnerable to bending, they are not suitable for the operation of "carrying in a wallet or card case", which is the main carrying method for IC cards.
- the spin thermoelectric element, the power storage unit, the control unit, and the transmission unit are arranged in the card substrate so as not to overlap in the thickness direction of the substrate. It is preferable that the spin thermoelectric element and the power storage unit are formed to have as large an area as possible to increase the generated / stored electric power. However, such an arrangement imposes restrictions on the arrangement of the spin thermoelectric element and the power storage unit.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the card with a transmission function 50 of this embodiment.
- power storage unit 53 is embedded in card 50 with a transmitting function so as to sandwich spin thermoelectric element 11 with heat generation film 12. That is, the spin thermoelectric element 11 is provided between the heat generating film 12 and the power storage unit 53.
- the electrodes 34 and 35 of the spin thermoelectric element 11 and the two electrodes of the power storage unit 53 are connected by internal wiring in the card. In this way, the card 50 can be downsized.
- the power storage unit 53 and the spin thermoelectric element 11 can have a larger area than the card with the transmission function of the first embodiment.
- the transmitting unit wirelessly transmits the signal, but infrared light may be used to transmit the signal.
- a circuit as shown in FIG. 6 may be used.
- FIG. 6 is a block diagram in which only the control unit 64, the transmission unit 65, and the infrared light emitting unit 66 of the card with the transmission function of the third embodiment are extracted and drawn. Since the functions of the spin thermoelectric element and the power storage unit are almost the same as those in the first and second embodiments, they are omitted from FIG.
- the transmission signal output from the control unit 64 is input to the transmission unit 65.
- the transmitter 65 adjusts the voltage and frequency of the signal and outputs the adjusted signal to the infrared light emitter 66.
- the infrared light emitting section 66 drives an infrared light emitting LED (Light Emitting Diode) with a driving transistor to emit infrared light carrying a signal (infrared signal).
- FIG. 7 is a conceptual diagram explaining the transmission apparatus of the 4th Embodiment of this invention.
- the transmission device 70 includes a thermoelectric conversion element 71, a heat generation film 72 formed on the thermoelectric conversion element 71, a power storage unit 73, a control unit 74, and a transmission unit 75.
- the thermoelectric conversion element 71 stores in the power storage unit 73 electric power generated by heat generated by the user rubbing the heat generating film 72.
- the electric power stored in power storage unit 73 is supplied from power storage unit 73 to control unit 74 and transmission unit 75. This power causes the transmitter 75 to transmit the information output by the controller and the controller 74.
- the transmitting device of the above-described embodiment the card having the transmitting function has been described, but the transmitting device having a shape other than the card can be applied.
- the transmitting device may be formed in a shape that is easy to hold with a hand or a shape smaller than a card.
- a material having a high friction coefficient was used, but even a material having a low friction coefficient can be increased to an effective friction coefficient by roughening the surface.
- thermoelectric conversion element of a type other than the spin thermoelectric element.
- the power is supplied from the transmitting unit to the antenna and the infrared light emitting unit, but from the power storage unit to the antenna and the infrared light emitting unit. You may supply directly.
- thermoelectric conversion element 10
- Heat generation film 13 53
- Storage unit 14 64
- Control unit 15 6575
- Transmission unit 16 Antenna 17 Insulation layer 21 Card substrate 22 Internal wiring 31
- GGG substrate 32 Magnetic insulator layer 33
- Infrared light emitting unit 70 Transmitter 71 Thermoelectric conversion element
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Sources (AREA)
Abstract
[Problem] To provide a transmitting device with which it is possible to operate a circuit even when the electric power that can be generated is small. [Solution] The present invention provides a transmitting device comprising a thermoelectric conversion element, a heat-generating film formed on the thermoelectric conversion element, an electricity storage unit, a control unit, and a transmitting unit, and is characterized in that the thermoelectric conversion element stores electric power generated due to heat generated by a user rubbing the heat-generating film in the electricity storage unit, the electric power is supplied from the electricity storage unit to the control unit and the transmitting unit, and information output by the control unit is transmitted by the transmitting unit.
Description
本発明は発信装置に関し、例えば発信機能付きカードに関する。
The present invention relates to a transmitting device, for example, a card with a transmitting function.
学生証、社員証、定期券といったＩＣ（Integrated Circuit）カードは持ち運びが容易であり、動作に電源を必要としない。そのため、ＩＣカードは、入館処理や買い物などの用途で幅広く用いられている。しかし、ＩＣカードは電源を持たない故に、ＩＣカードの機能は、接触型または非接触型のいずれを問わず、読み込み機から電力を供給してもらい、その電力を用いてデータの読み書きをする受動的なものに留まっている。そのため、能動的な用途（例えば、車の鍵の開け閉めや、パソコンなどの端末操作、災害時の所在地発信など）に、ＩＣカードを用いることは出来ない。結果的に、能動的な用途を利用しようとする者は、ＩＣカードとは別に、能動的な用途に適した複数のコントローラ（車の鍵、迷子防止タグetc.）を持ち歩かねばならない、当該複数のコントローラの持ち歩きに伴って、当該複数のコントローラの紛失の心配、当該複数のコントローラの持ち歩くことの煩雑さ、当該複数のコントローラの電池切れの心配といった問題を解決できていない。
IC (Integrated Circuit) cards such as student ID cards, employee ID cards, and commuter passes are easy to carry and do not require a power supply to operate. Therefore, IC cards are widely used for applications such as entrance processing and shopping. However, since the IC card does not have a power source, the function of the IC card, regardless of whether it is a contact type or a contactless type, has a reader to supply power, and the power is used to read and write data. It remains the only one. Therefore, the IC card cannot be used for active purposes (for example, opening and closing the key of a car, operating a terminal such as a personal computer, transmitting a location at the time of a disaster). As a result, a person who intends to use an active application must carry a plurality of controllers (car keys, lost child prevention tags, etc.) suitable for the active application, in addition to the IC card. However, it has not been possible to solve problems such as concern about loss of the plurality of controllers, complication of carrying the plurality of controllers, and concern about battery exhaustion of the plurality of controllers due to carrying the controller.
特許文献１は、表示装置の発明を開示する。ユーザが蓄電池の残量を気にせずに電子書籍を使えるように、特許文献１に記載の表示装置は、ページめくり等のユーザによる入力操作と関連付けられた発電機構を含んでいる。この発電機構の一つとして、円筒形のディスプレイ部と筐体の間に熱電変換素子を配置し、ユーザが筐体に対してディスプレイ部を回転させ、発生する摩擦熱で熱電変換素子を発電させるものが、特許文献１に記載されている（図１５、段落［０１１４］～段落［０１１７］）。また、次のような使用例も、特許文献１に記載されている。すなわち、ユーザが、電子書籍の使用時に、電子書籍の左側の裏面を持って支えていたとすると、電子書籍のうちでユーザの触れる部分が、ユーザの熱で温められて、電子書籍の表面より高温になる。この場合において、熱電変換素子の高温側接点を裏面に露出させ、低温側接点を表面側に露出させておくと、熱電変換素子は裏面と表面の温度差で発電する（図１９、段落［０１３６］～段落［０１３９］）。
Patent Document 1 discloses an invention of a display device. The display device described in Patent Document 1 includes a power generation mechanism associated with a user's input operation such as page turning so that the user can use the electronic book without worrying about the remaining amount of the storage battery. As one of the power generation mechanisms, a thermoelectric conversion element is arranged between a cylindrical display unit and a housing, and a user rotates the display unit with respect to the housing, and the generated frictional heat causes the thermoelectric conversion element to generate power. Those are described in Patent Document 1 (FIG. 15, paragraph [0114] to paragraph [0117]). Further, the following usage example is also described in Patent Document 1. That is, if the user holds the electronic book by holding the back surface on the left side when using the electronic book, the portion of the electronic book that the user touches is heated by the heat of the user and becomes hotter than the surface of the electronic book. become. In this case, when the high temperature side contact of the thermoelectric conversion element is exposed on the back surface and the low temperature side contact is exposed on the front surface side, the thermoelectric conversion element generates power due to the temperature difference between the back surface and the front surface (FIG. 19, paragraph [0136]. ] -Paragraph [0139]).
また、特許文献２は、電子書籍などに用いる表示素子の発明を開示する。特許文献２に記載の発明では、圧電フィルムとプラスティック基板を貼り合わせて構成された発電部と、メモリ性を持つ反射型表示素子を透明基板で挟んで構成された表示部とを貼り合わせることで、表示端末を構成している。特許文献２に記載の発明では、表示素子を湾曲または屈曲させることで、圧電フィルムに発電させる。このようにすれば、外部電源なしで、電子書籍のページめくりができるとしている。なお、前記方法で圧電フィルムを発電させる以外に、熱電素子等を手で挟んで体温で発電したり、熱電素子等を手で擦ることで摩擦熱を使って発電したりしてもよいことが、特許文献２に記載されている（段落［０１０８］）。
Further, Patent Document 2 discloses an invention of a display element used for an electronic book or the like. In the invention described in Patent Document 2, the power generation unit configured by bonding the piezoelectric film and the plastic substrate to each other and the display unit configured by sandwiching the reflective display element having a memory property between the transparent substrates are bonded. , Configuring a display terminal. In the invention described in Patent Document 2, the piezoelectric film is caused to generate electric power by bending or bending the display element. By doing so, it is possible to turn pages of an electronic book without an external power supply. In addition to the power generation of the piezoelectric film by the above-mentioned method, power may be generated at the body temperature by sandwiching the thermoelectric element or the like by hand, or by frictional heat by rubbing the thermoelectric element or the like by hand. , Patent Document 2 (paragraph [0108]).
しかし、特許文献１，２に記載の発明は、ともに、手で触れることによる熱電変換と、摩擦熱による熱電変換とを組み合わせてはいない。熱電変換素子は、一般に発生できる電力が小さく、回路を動作させるには電力が足りない場合がある。
However, neither of the inventions described in Patent Documents 1 and 2 combine thermoelectric conversion by touching with hand and thermoelectric conversion by frictional heat. Thermoelectric conversion elements generally generate a small amount of electric power, and in some cases, the electric power is insufficient to operate the circuit.
本発明の目的は、このような事情に鑑みてなされたものであり、発生できる電力が小さい場合でも、回路を動作させることが可能な発信装置を提供することである。
The object of the present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and it is to provide a transmitting device capable of operating a circuit even when the power that can be generated is small.
本発明は、熱電変換素子、前記熱電変換素子上に形成した熱生成膜、蓄電部、制御部、発信部を備え、前記熱電変換素子はユーザが前記熱生成膜を擦ることによって発生する熱による電力を前記蓄電部に蓄積し、前記蓄電部から前記制御部と前記発信部に前記電力を供給し、前記制御部が出力した情報を前記発信部で発信することを特徴とする発信装置である。
The present invention includes a thermoelectric conversion element, a heat generation film formed on the thermoelectric conversion element, a power storage unit, a control unit, and a transmission unit, wherein the thermoelectric conversion element is based on heat generated by a user rubbing the heat generation film. A transmitting device characterized in that power is stored in the power storage unit, the power is supplied from the power storage unit to the control unit and the transmission unit, and the information output by the control unit is transmitted by the transmission unit. ..
本発明にかかる発信装置によれば、発生できる電力が小さい場合でも回路を動作させることが可能な発信装置を提供することが可能になる。
According to the transmitting device of the present invention, it is possible to provide a transmitting device capable of operating the circuit even when the power that can be generated is small.
（第１の実施形態）
（構成の説明）
図１～図５を用いて、本発明の第１の実施形態を説明する。図１は、本発明の第１の実施形態の発信機能付きカード１０の内部構成を示す概念図である。発信機能付きカード（以下、単に、カードと省略する場合がある。）１０には、スピン熱電変換素子１１が埋め込まれており、スピン熱電変換素子（以下、スピン熱電素子と省略する場合がある。）１１の一部の表面上に熱生成膜１２が形成されている。熱生成膜１２の材料には、摩擦係数の高いステンレス膜が用いられる。また、熱生成膜１２の材料には、ステンレス以外に、アルミなども用いられる。蓄電部１３は、スピン熱電素子１１で生成された電力を電荷の形で蓄積し、制御部１４と発信部１５に電力を供給する。蓄電池１３には、例えばリチウムイオン二次電池が用いられる。制御部１４は、発信機能付きカード１０全体の動作を制御する。制御部１４は、スピン熱電素子１１とは重ならない位置で、カード１０の内部に埋め込まれる。制御部１４は、内部に所定の情報を記憶しており、蓄電池１３から電力が供給されると動作を開始し、所定の情報を信号として発信部１５に出力する。制御部１４は、例えば小規模なマイクロプロセッサチップにより構成される。発信部１５は、他の回路と重ならない位置で、カード内部に埋め込まれる。発信部１５は、制御部１４の制御によって、アンテナ１６を駆動することにより、制御部１４により出力された信号を、無線周波数に乗せて、カード１０の外部へ発信する。 (First embodiment)
(Description of configuration)
A first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram showing an internal configuration of acard 10 with a calling function according to the first embodiment of the present invention. A spin thermoelectric conversion element 11 is embedded in a card with a transmission function (hereinafter, may be simply referred to as a card) 10, and a spin thermoelectric conversion element (hereinafter, may be abbreviated as spin thermoelectric element). ) 11, a heat generating film 12 is formed on a part of the surface. As the material of the heat generating film 12, a stainless film having a high friction coefficient is used. In addition to stainless steel, aluminum or the like is used as the material of the heat generating film 12. The power storage unit 13 stores the electric power generated by the spin thermoelectric element 11 in the form of electric charge and supplies the electric power to the control unit 14 and the transmission unit 15. For the storage battery 13, for example, a lithium ion secondary battery is used. The control unit 14 controls the operation of the entire card 10 with a calling function. The control unit 14 is embedded in the card 10 at a position that does not overlap the spin thermoelectric element 11. The control unit 14 internally stores predetermined information, starts operating when power is supplied from the storage battery 13, and outputs the predetermined information to the transmitting unit 15 as a signal. The control unit 14 is composed of, for example, a small-scale microprocessor chip. The transmitter 15 is embedded in the card at a position where it does not overlap with other circuits. The transmitting unit 15 drives the antenna 16 under the control of the control unit 14 to transmit the signal output by the control unit 14 on the radio frequency and transmit the signal to the outside of the card 10.
（構成の説明）
図１～図５を用いて、本発明の第１の実施形態を説明する。図１は、本発明の第１の実施形態の発信機能付きカード１０の内部構成を示す概念図である。発信機能付きカード（以下、単に、カードと省略する場合がある。）１０には、スピン熱電変換素子１１が埋め込まれており、スピン熱電変換素子（以下、スピン熱電素子と省略する場合がある。）１１の一部の表面上に熱生成膜１２が形成されている。熱生成膜１２の材料には、摩擦係数の高いステンレス膜が用いられる。また、熱生成膜１２の材料には、ステンレス以外に、アルミなども用いられる。蓄電部１３は、スピン熱電素子１１で生成された電力を電荷の形で蓄積し、制御部１４と発信部１５に電力を供給する。蓄電池１３には、例えばリチウムイオン二次電池が用いられる。制御部１４は、発信機能付きカード１０全体の動作を制御する。制御部１４は、スピン熱電素子１１とは重ならない位置で、カード１０の内部に埋め込まれる。制御部１４は、内部に所定の情報を記憶しており、蓄電池１３から電力が供給されると動作を開始し、所定の情報を信号として発信部１５に出力する。制御部１４は、例えば小規模なマイクロプロセッサチップにより構成される。発信部１５は、他の回路と重ならない位置で、カード内部に埋め込まれる。発信部１５は、制御部１４の制御によって、アンテナ１６を駆動することにより、制御部１４により出力された信号を、無線周波数に乗せて、カード１０の外部へ発信する。 (First embodiment)
(Description of configuration)
A first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram showing an internal configuration of a
図２は、カード１０の概略平面図である。スピン熱電素子１１は、カード１０の平面積の大きな部分（本実施形態では半分程度）を占める。熱生成膜１２は、スピン熱電素子１１の表面の大部分を覆っている。スピン熱電素子１１は、図４で詳細が示されるように、両端に起電力を取り出す電極３４，３５を備える。また、電極３４，３５は、蓄電池１３の端子にそれぞれ接続されている。また、蓄電部１３は、スピン熱電素子１１に隣接して配置され、しかもスピン熱電素子１１や他の回路と重ならない位置に設けられる。制御部１４、発信部１５、およびアンテナ１６は、蓄電部１３を挟んで、スピン熱電素子１１の反対側に設けられる。
FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view of the card 10. The spin thermoelectric element 11 occupies a large area (about half in this embodiment) of the card 10. The heat generating film 12 covers most of the surface of the spin thermoelectric element 11. As shown in detail in FIG. 4, the spin thermoelectric element 11 has electrodes 34 and 35 for extracting electromotive force at both ends. The electrodes 34 and 35 are connected to the terminals of the storage battery 13, respectively. In addition, power storage unit 13 is arranged adjacent to spin thermoelectric element 11 and at a position not overlapping spin thermoelectric element 11 and other circuits. The control unit 14, the transmission unit 15, and the antenna 16 are provided on the opposite side of the spin thermoelectric element 11 with the power storage unit 13 interposed therebetween.
図３は、図２のカード１０のＡ－Ａ’の切断面を示す図である。カード１０では、樹脂製のカード基板２１の内部にスピン熱電素子１１が埋め込まれている。また、スピン熱電素子１１の上には、薄い絶縁層１７を介して、熱生成膜１２が形成されている。薄い絶縁層１７の材料には、絶縁層１７の内部に、できる限り温度勾配が生じないように、窒化珪素、窒化硼素、アルミナ、窒化アルミ等の熱伝導性の良い材料が用いられる。熱生成膜１２は、絶縁層１７上に塗付や貼り付けなどの方法で形成される。スピン熱電素子１１に隣接する蓄電部１３の２つの電極（図３にて不図示）は、それぞれスピン熱電素子１１の電極３４，３５と内部配線（図３にて不図示）によって接続されている。蓄電部１３は、別の内部配線２２によって、制御部１４と接続されている。また、図示していないが、蓄電部１３は、発信部１５にも、内部配線によって接続されている。そのため、蓄電部１３は、制御部１４と発信部１５の電源の役割を果たす。アンテナ１６には、発信部１５から電源を供給される。
FIG. 3 is a view showing a cross section of A-A ′ of the card 10 of FIG. In the card 10, a spin thermoelectric element 11 is embedded inside a card substrate 21 made of resin. A heat generation film 12 is formed on the spin thermoelectric element 11 with a thin insulating layer 17 interposed therebetween. As the material of the thin insulating layer 17, a material having good thermal conductivity such as silicon nitride, boron nitride, alumina, or aluminum nitride is used so that a temperature gradient is not generated in the insulating layer 17 as much as possible. The heat generating film 12 is formed on the insulating layer 17 by a method such as coating or pasting. Two electrodes (not shown in FIG. 3) of the power storage unit 13 adjacent to the spin thermoelectric element 11 are connected to the electrodes 34 and 35 of the spin thermoelectric element 11 by internal wiring (not shown in FIG. 3), respectively. .. Power storage unit 13 is connected to control unit 14 by another internal wiring 22. Although not shown, the power storage unit 13 is also connected to the transmission unit 15 by internal wiring. Therefore, the power storage unit 13 serves as a power source for the control unit 14 and the transmission unit 15. The antenna 16 is supplied with power from the transmitter 15.
図４は、スピン熱電素子１１の構造を示す斜視図である。図４を参照して、ＧＧＧ（Gadolinium Gallium Garnet、Gd3Ga5O12）等の材料で形成されたＧＧＧ基板３１上に、磁性体として、Ｂｉ：ＹＩＧ（Yttrium Iron Garnet）膜（Biを添加したY3Fe5O12）等の磁性絶縁体層３２を形成する。磁性絶縁体層３２は、面内方向（図３のＭ）に磁化されている。磁性絶縁体層３２上に、起電体として、Ｐｔ等の金属膜３３が形成され、金属膜３３の両端に電極３４，３５が設けられている。図３を参照して、このスピン熱電素子１１は、カード基板２１の表面（上面）に形成された凹部に、図中のＸＹ面をカード基板２１の主面と平行になるように埋め込まれている。また、スピン熱電素子１１では、電極３４，３５のどちらかが蓄電池１３の一方の電極と接するように配置されている。
FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing the structure of the spin thermoelectric element 11. Referring to FIG. 4, a Bi: YIG (Yttrium Iron Garnet) film (Bi) is added as a magnetic substance on a GGG substrate 31 formed of a material such as GGG (Gadolinium Gallium Garnet, Gd 3 Ga 5 O 12 ). A magnetic insulator layer 32 such as Y 3 Fe 5 O 12 ) is formed. The magnetic insulator layer 32 is magnetized in the in-plane direction (M in FIG. 3). A metal film 33 of Pt or the like is formed as an electromotive body on the magnetic insulator layer 32, and electrodes 34 and 35 are provided at both ends of the metal film 33. With reference to FIG. 3, the spin thermoelectric element 11 is embedded in a recess formed in the surface (upper surface) of the card substrate 21 so that the XY plane in the drawing is parallel to the main surface of the card substrate 21. There is. Further, in the spin thermoelectric element 11, one of the electrodes 34 and 35 is arranged to be in contact with one electrode of the storage battery 13.
磁性絶縁体として、Ｂｉ：ＹＩＧ膜以外に、ガーネットフェライト（イットリウム鉄フェライト）、スピネルフェライト等の酸化物磁性材料を用いることができる。また、酸化物磁性材料以外でも、磁化を有する金属を用いることもできる。さらに、磁性絶縁体は、バルクでも薄膜でもよい。起電体としては、スピン軌道相互作用が大きい材料が望ましく、Ｐｔ以外にＡｕ、Ｐｄを用いることができる。また、これらの金属（Ｐｔ、Ａｕ、Ｐｄ）のうち２以上を有する合金等を起電体に用いることができる。さらに、逆スピンホール効果を高めるために、これらの金属（Ｐｔ、Ａｕ、Ｐｄ）または合金にＦｅ、Ｃｕ、Ｉｒなどの不純物を添加してもよい。
As the magnetic insulator, oxide magnetic materials such as garnet ferrite (yttrium iron ferrite) and spinel ferrite can be used in addition to the Bi: YIG film. In addition to the oxide magnetic material, a magnetized metal can be used. Further, the magnetic insulator may be bulk or thin film. As the electromotive material, a material having a large spin-orbit interaction is desirable, and Au or Pd can be used instead of Pt. Further, an alloy having two or more of these metals (Pt, Au, Pd) or the like can be used for the electromotive body. Further, impurities such as Fe, Cu and Ir may be added to these metals (Pt, Au, Pd) or alloys in order to enhance the inverse spin Hall effect.
このようにして形成されたスピン熱電素子１１に、指の熱による温度勾配∇Tが加わると、Ｂｉ：ＹＩＧ膜（磁性絶縁体層３２）はスピンゼーベック効果によって温度勾配の方向にスピン流を生成する。Ｂｉ：ＹＩＧ膜（磁性絶縁体層３２）により生成されたスピン流は、磁性絶縁体層３２に接合された金属膜３３に流れ込み、逆スピンホール効果によって、スピン流方向（∇Ｔの方向と同じ）とＢｉ：ＹＩＧ膜（磁性絶縁体層３２）の磁化方向とに直交する方向（金属膜３３のＸＹ面内方向）に電流が生成される。生成された電流は金属膜３３に起電力（図４中のＥ）を生起させ、この起電力を、金属膜３３の両端に設けられた電極３４，３５で、電位差として取り出すことができる。
When a temperature gradient ∇T due to the heat of the finger is applied to the spin thermoelectric element 11 formed in this way, the Bi: YIG film (magnetic insulator layer 32) produces a spin current in the direction of the temperature gradient due to the spin Seebeck effect. To do. The spin current generated by the Bi: YIG film (magnetic insulator layer 32) flows into the metal film 33 bonded to the magnetic insulator layer 32, and due to the inverse spin Hall effect, the spin current direction (the same as the direction of ∇T). ) And a Bi: YIG film (magnetic insulator layer 32) in a direction orthogonal to the magnetization direction (the XY in-plane direction of the metal film 33). The generated current causes an electromotive force (E in FIG. 4) to be generated in the metal film 33, and this electromotive force can be taken out as a potential difference by the electrodes 34 and 35 provided at both ends of the metal film 33.
（動作の説明）
ここでは、ユーザが発信機能付きカード１０を使って、自分の車を開錠する鍵となる数字を発信する場合を説明する。指で熱生成膜１２の表面を擦って発熱させる。スピン熱電素子１１は、ユーザが熱生成膜１２を擦ることによって発生する熱による電力と、熱生成膜１２を擦らない場合にスピン熱電素子１１が発生する電力の両方を制御部１４と発信部１５に供給する。また、スピン熱電素子１１は、制御部１４により出力された数字に対応する信号を、発信部１５に変調など必要な処理を行わせて、アンテナ１６を介して車の受信器（不図示）に対して電波として発信する。これにより、車の鍵を開錠する。図４のスピン熱電素子１１として、スピンゼーベック効果とは別に、導電性のある磁性金属における異常ネルンスト効果（ＡＮＥ（Anomalous Nernst Effect））と呼ばれる別種の熱電効果を有する材料を活用することもできる。異常ネルンスト効果とは、磁化した磁性体に熱流を流した際、磁化の向きと熱流の向きのそれぞれと直交する方向（外積方向）に電圧が生じる現象である。異常ネルンスト効果に基づくスピン熱電変換素子は、一方向に磁化を有するＭｎ、Ｆｅ、ＣｏやＮｉなどの磁性金属や、それらを母材とした磁性合金からなる膜や板状の構造をもつ。これに面内の一方向に磁化を与え、さらに面直方向の温度勾配を印加すると、面内の所望の方向に電流が駆動される。 (Explanation of operation)
Here, a case will be described in which the user uses thecard 10 with a calling function to send a number that is a key for unlocking his / her vehicle. The surface of the heat generating film 12 is rubbed with a finger to generate heat. The spin thermoelectric element 11 controls both the electric power generated by heat generated by the user rubbing the heat generating film 12 and the electric power generated by the spin thermoelectric element 11 when the heat generating film 12 is not rubbed by the control unit 14 and the transmitter 15. Supply to. In addition, the spin thermoelectric element 11 causes the transmitting unit 15 to perform necessary processing such as modulation of the signal corresponding to the number output by the control unit 14, and causes the receiver (not shown) of the vehicle to perform it through the antenna 16. In contrast, it transmits as a radio wave. This unlocks the car key. As the spin thermoelectric element 11 shown in FIG. 4, a material having another type of thermoelectric effect called an ANE (Anomalous Nernst Effect) in a conductive magnetic metal can be used in addition to the spin Seebeck effect. The abnormal Nernst effect is a phenomenon in which, when a heat flow is applied to a magnetized magnetic body, a voltage is generated in a direction (outer product direction) orthogonal to each of the magnetization direction and the heat flow direction. The spin thermoelectric conversion element based on the anomalous Nernst effect has a film or plate-like structure made of a magnetic metal having magnetization in one direction, such as Mn, Fe, Co, or Ni, or a magnetic alloy having these as a base material. When magnetization is applied to this in one direction in the plane and a temperature gradient in the direction perpendicular to the plane is applied, a current is driven in a desired direction in the plane.
ここでは、ユーザが発信機能付きカード１０を使って、自分の車を開錠する鍵となる数字を発信する場合を説明する。指で熱生成膜１２の表面を擦って発熱させる。スピン熱電素子１１は、ユーザが熱生成膜１２を擦ることによって発生する熱による電力と、熱生成膜１２を擦らない場合にスピン熱電素子１１が発生する電力の両方を制御部１４と発信部１５に供給する。また、スピン熱電素子１１は、制御部１４により出力された数字に対応する信号を、発信部１５に変調など必要な処理を行わせて、アンテナ１６を介して車の受信器（不図示）に対して電波として発信する。これにより、車の鍵を開錠する。図４のスピン熱電素子１１として、スピンゼーベック効果とは別に、導電性のある磁性金属における異常ネルンスト効果（ＡＮＥ（Anomalous Nernst Effect））と呼ばれる別種の熱電効果を有する材料を活用することもできる。異常ネルンスト効果とは、磁化した磁性体に熱流を流した際、磁化の向きと熱流の向きのそれぞれと直交する方向（外積方向）に電圧が生じる現象である。異常ネルンスト効果に基づくスピン熱電変換素子は、一方向に磁化を有するＭｎ、Ｆｅ、ＣｏやＮｉなどの磁性金属や、それらを母材とした磁性合金からなる膜や板状の構造をもつ。これに面内の一方向に磁化を与え、さらに面直方向の温度勾配を印加すると、面内の所望の方向に電流が駆動される。 (Explanation of operation)
Here, a case will be described in which the user uses the
（効果の説明）
熱生成膜をユーザが指で擦ってマニュアルで発電することで、擦らず単に指の熱がスピン熱電素子に伝わることによる温度差よりも、より大きな温度差が付く。従ってスピン熱電素子は、より大きな起電力を生成することができる。また、熱性成膜により大きな摩擦熱を伝えるために、発信機能付きカードと指以外の道具を使うことも可能である。そのため、一般に生成できる電力の小さい熱電変換素子でも、十分実用的に用いることができる。さらに、擦ることで初めて十分な電力が得られる場合は、ユーザが指で触れただけでは発信することがなく、意図して擦ることで初めて発信させることができるので、誤って発信することがなく好都合である。 (Explanation of effects)
When the user rubs the heat generating film with a finger to generate electricity manually, a larger temperature difference is created than the temperature difference caused by the heat of the finger being transferred to the spin thermoelectric element without rubbing. Therefore, the spin thermoelectric element can generate a larger electromotive force. It is also possible to use a tool other than a card with a transmission function and a finger in order to transmit a large amount of frictional heat by thermal film formation. Therefore, even a thermoelectric conversion element that can generally generate a small amount of power can be used sufficiently practically. Furthermore, if sufficient power is obtained for the first time by rubbing, the user does not make a call just by touching it with his / her finger, and the user can make a call for the first time by rubbing intentionally. It is convenient.
熱生成膜をユーザが指で擦ってマニュアルで発電することで、擦らず単に指の熱がスピン熱電素子に伝わることによる温度差よりも、より大きな温度差が付く。従ってスピン熱電素子は、より大きな起電力を生成することができる。また、熱性成膜により大きな摩擦熱を伝えるために、発信機能付きカードと指以外の道具を使うことも可能である。そのため、一般に生成できる電力の小さい熱電変換素子でも、十分実用的に用いることができる。さらに、擦ることで初めて十分な電力が得られる場合は、ユーザが指で触れただけでは発信することがなく、意図して擦ることで初めて発信させることができるので、誤って発信することがなく好都合である。 (Explanation of effects)
When the user rubs the heat generating film with a finger to generate electricity manually, a larger temperature difference is created than the temperature difference caused by the heat of the finger being transferred to the spin thermoelectric element without rubbing. Therefore, the spin thermoelectric element can generate a larger electromotive force. It is also possible to use a tool other than a card with a transmission function and a finger in order to transmit a large amount of frictional heat by thermal film formation. Therefore, even a thermoelectric conversion element that can generally generate a small amount of power can be used sufficiently practically. Furthermore, if sufficient power is obtained for the first time by rubbing, the user does not make a call just by touching it with his / her finger, and the user can make a call for the first time by rubbing intentionally. It is convenient.
また、熱電変換素子の面積が大きい等の理由で出力が大きく、通常であれば回路を動作させるのに十分である場合でも、環境からの充電が不足することがある。例えば、酷暑日など気温が非常に高くなって、熱電変換素子に加わる温度差が小さくなり、得られる電力が不十分になる場合がある。気温が極端に高く体温と同等になったり、カードが高温の場所に置かれたりした場合などは、温度差が発生しない場合もありうる。そのような場合でも、本実施形態によれば、十分な電力を得ることができる。
Also, even if the output is large due to the large area of the thermoelectric conversion element and it is usually enough to operate the circuit, charging from the environment may be insufficient. For example, there are cases where the temperature becomes extremely high such as on a hot day, the temperature difference applied to the thermoelectric conversion element becomes small, and the obtained electric power becomes insufficient. When the temperature is extremely high and becomes equal to the body temperature, or when the card is placed in a high temperature place, the temperature difference may not occur. Even in such a case, according to this embodiment, sufficient electric power can be obtained.
本実施形態では、熱電変換素子を組み込むことで、リモコン機能を持ったＩＣカードを提供することができる。また、制御部、発信部は、組み込まれた熱電変換素子により供給される電力によって動作するので、制御部、発信部に対する外部電源が不要になる。
In this embodiment, an IC card having a remote control function can be provided by incorporating a thermoelectric conversion element. Further, since the control unit and the transmission unit operate by the electric power supplied by the incorporated thermoelectric conversion element, an external power source for the control unit and the transmission unit becomes unnecessary.
本実施形態は、スピン熱電素子を用いているので、圧電素子で駆動させた場合と比べ、以下の点で優れている。すなわち、まず、スピン熱電素子は曲げに強いため、財布の中にしまうなどの運用に耐えられる。また、スピン熱電素子は、駆動部をカード内に持たず、かつ、一部が傷ついても動作するため、長寿命である。無線スイッチを搭載したカードを運用するにあたり、特に重要になるのが、持ち運び可能であることと、環境からの電源供給と、マニュアルでの給電機能の有無である。これまでに、太陽光、圧電によって電源を供給する無線スイッチは、知られている。しかし、これらの器具は曲げに弱いため、ＩＣカードの主たる持ち運び方法である「財布、カードケースに入れる」という運用に、適さない。
Since this embodiment uses the spin thermoelectric element, it is superior in the following points as compared with the case where it is driven by the piezoelectric element. That is, first, since the spin thermoelectric element is resistant to bending, it can withstand operation such as being stored in a wallet. In addition, the spin thermoelectric element has a long life because it does not have a drive unit inside the card and operates even if a part is damaged. When operating a card equipped with a wireless switch, it is especially important to be portable, to supply power from the environment, and to have a manual power supply function. Up to now, a wireless switch that supplies power by sunlight or piezoelectric has been known. However, since these instruments are vulnerable to bending, they are not suitable for the operation of "carrying in a wallet or card case", which is the main carrying method for IC cards.
（第２の実施形態）
第１の実施形態では、カード基板内で、スピン熱電素子、蓄電部、制御部および発信部が、基板の厚さ方向で重ならないように配置されている。スピン熱電素子および蓄電部は、できるだけ大面積になるように形成して、生成・蓄積する電力を大きくした方が良い。しかし、このような配置だと、スピン熱電素子および蓄電部の配置に制約が生じる。 (Second embodiment)
In the first embodiment, the spin thermoelectric element, the power storage unit, the control unit, and the transmission unit are arranged in the card substrate so as not to overlap in the thickness direction of the substrate. It is preferable that the spin thermoelectric element and the power storage unit are formed to have as large an area as possible to increase the generated / stored electric power. However, such an arrangement imposes restrictions on the arrangement of the spin thermoelectric element and the power storage unit.
第１の実施形態では、カード基板内で、スピン熱電素子、蓄電部、制御部および発信部が、基板の厚さ方向で重ならないように配置されている。スピン熱電素子および蓄電部は、できるだけ大面積になるように形成して、生成・蓄積する電力を大きくした方が良い。しかし、このような配置だと、スピン熱電素子および蓄電部の配置に制約が生じる。 (Second embodiment)
In the first embodiment, the spin thermoelectric element, the power storage unit, the control unit, and the transmission unit are arranged in the card substrate so as not to overlap in the thickness direction of the substrate. It is preferable that the spin thermoelectric element and the power storage unit are formed to have as large an area as possible to increase the generated / stored electric power. However, such an arrangement imposes restrictions on the arrangement of the spin thermoelectric element and the power storage unit.
そこで、本実施形態では、スピン熱電素子と蓄電池をカード厚み方向で重ねて配置することで、実効的な占有面積を減らしている。図５は、本実施形態の発信機能付きカード５０の概略断面図である。図５を参照して、蓄電部５３は、熱生成膜１２との間でスピン熱電素子１１を挟むように、発信機能付きカード５０の内部に埋め込まれている。ずなわち、スピン熱電素子１１は、熱生成膜１２と蓄電部５３の間に、設けられている。図示していないが、スピン熱電素子１１の電極３４，３５と、蓄電部５３の２つの電極とが、カード内の内部配線により接続されている。このようにすれば、カード５０を小型化できる。また、第１の実施形態の発信機能付きカードよりも、蓄電部５３およびスピン熱電素子１１を大面積にすることが可能である。
Therefore, in the present embodiment, the spin thermoelectric element and the storage battery are arranged in an overlapping manner in the card thickness direction to reduce the effective occupied area. FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the card with a transmission function 50 of this embodiment. Referring to FIG. 5, power storage unit 53 is embedded in card 50 with a transmitting function so as to sandwich spin thermoelectric element 11 with heat generation film 12. That is, the spin thermoelectric element 11 is provided between the heat generating film 12 and the power storage unit 53. Although not shown, the electrodes 34 and 35 of the spin thermoelectric element 11 and the two electrodes of the power storage unit 53 are connected by internal wiring in the card. In this way, the card 50 can be downsized. In addition, the power storage unit 53 and the spin thermoelectric element 11 can have a larger area than the card with the transmission function of the first embodiment.
（第３の実施形態）
上述の実施形態では、発信部が無線で信号を発信したが、赤外光を用いて信号を発信してもよい。具体的には、図６に示すような回路を使えばよい。図６は、第３の実施形態の発信機能付きカードの制御部６４、発信部６５、赤外光発光部６６だけを抽出して描いたブロック図である。スピン熱電素子、蓄電部は、第１～２の実施形態の場合と、機能がほぼ変わらないため、図６から省略されている。制御部６４から出力された発信信号が、発信部６５に入力する。発信部６５は、信号の電圧、周波数などを調整して、赤外光発光部６６に出力する。赤外光発光部６６は、駆動用トランジスタで赤外線発光ＬＥＤ（Light Emitting Diode）を駆動することにより、信号を乗せた赤外光（赤外線信号）を発光させる。 (Third Embodiment)
In the above-described embodiment, the transmitting unit wirelessly transmits the signal, but infrared light may be used to transmit the signal. Specifically, a circuit as shown in FIG. 6 may be used. FIG. 6 is a block diagram in which only thecontrol unit 64, the transmission unit 65, and the infrared light emitting unit 66 of the card with the transmission function of the third embodiment are extracted and drawn. Since the functions of the spin thermoelectric element and the power storage unit are almost the same as those in the first and second embodiments, they are omitted from FIG. The transmission signal output from the control unit 64 is input to the transmission unit 65. The transmitter 65 adjusts the voltage and frequency of the signal and outputs the adjusted signal to the infrared light emitter 66. The infrared light emitting section 66 drives an infrared light emitting LED (Light Emitting Diode) with a driving transistor to emit infrared light carrying a signal (infrared signal).
上述の実施形態では、発信部が無線で信号を発信したが、赤外光を用いて信号を発信してもよい。具体的には、図６に示すような回路を使えばよい。図６は、第３の実施形態の発信機能付きカードの制御部６４、発信部６５、赤外光発光部６６だけを抽出して描いたブロック図である。スピン熱電素子、蓄電部は、第１～２の実施形態の場合と、機能がほぼ変わらないため、図６から省略されている。制御部６４から出力された発信信号が、発信部６５に入力する。発信部６５は、信号の電圧、周波数などを調整して、赤外光発光部６６に出力する。赤外光発光部６６は、駆動用トランジスタで赤外線発光ＬＥＤ（Light Emitting Diode）を駆動することにより、信号を乗せた赤外光（赤外線信号）を発光させる。 (Third Embodiment)
In the above-described embodiment, the transmitting unit wirelessly transmits the signal, but infrared light may be used to transmit the signal. Specifically, a circuit as shown in FIG. 6 may be used. FIG. 6 is a block diagram in which only the
（第４の実施形態）
図７は、本発明の第４の実施形態の発信装置を説明する概念図である。発信装置７０は、熱電変換素子７１と、熱電変換素子７１上に形成された熱生成膜７２と、蓄電部７３と、制御部７４と、発信部７５とを備えている。熱電変換素子７１は、ユーザが熱生成膜７２を擦ることによって発生する熱による電力を、蓄電部７３に蓄積する。蓄電部７３に蓄積された電力は、蓄電部７３から制御部７４と発信部７５に供給される。この電力によって、制御部と、制御部７４が出力した情報が、発信部７５により発信される。 (Fourth Embodiment)
FIG. 7: is a conceptual diagram explaining the transmission apparatus of the 4th Embodiment of this invention. The transmission device 70 includes athermoelectric conversion element 71, a heat generation film 72 formed on the thermoelectric conversion element 71, a power storage unit 73, a control unit 74, and a transmission unit 75. The thermoelectric conversion element 71 stores in the power storage unit 73 electric power generated by heat generated by the user rubbing the heat generating film 72. The electric power stored in power storage unit 73 is supplied from power storage unit 73 to control unit 74 and transmission unit 75. This power causes the transmitter 75 to transmit the information output by the controller and the controller 74.
図７は、本発明の第４の実施形態の発信装置を説明する概念図である。発信装置７０は、熱電変換素子７１と、熱電変換素子７１上に形成された熱生成膜７２と、蓄電部７３と、制御部７４と、発信部７５とを備えている。熱電変換素子７１は、ユーザが熱生成膜７２を擦ることによって発生する熱による電力を、蓄電部７３に蓄積する。蓄電部７３に蓄積された電力は、蓄電部７３から制御部７４と発信部７５に供給される。この電力によって、制御部と、制御部７４が出力した情報が、発信部７５により発信される。 (Fourth Embodiment)
FIG. 7: is a conceptual diagram explaining the transmission apparatus of the 4th Embodiment of this invention. The transmission device 70 includes a
このようにすれば、発生される電力が小さい場合でも、回路を動作させることが可能になる。
By doing this, it is possible to operate the circuit even if the generated power is small.
（別の実施形態）
上述の実施形態の発信装置では、発信機能付きのカードについて説明したが、カード以外の形状の発信装置にも適用できる。例えば、手で握りやすい形状や、カードよりも小さい形状に形成された発信装置でもよい。 (Another embodiment)
In the transmitting device of the above-described embodiment, the card having the transmitting function has been described, but the transmitting device having a shape other than the card can be applied. For example, the transmitting device may be formed in a shape that is easy to hold with a hand or a shape smaller than a card.
上述の実施形態の発信装置では、発信機能付きのカードについて説明したが、カード以外の形状の発信装置にも適用できる。例えば、手で握りやすい形状や、カードよりも小さい形状に形成された発信装置でもよい。 (Another embodiment)
In the transmitting device of the above-described embodiment, the card having the transmitting function has been described, but the transmitting device having a shape other than the card can be applied. For example, the transmitting device may be formed in a shape that is easy to hold with a hand or a shape smaller than a card.
また、上述の実施形態では、車の鍵の開錠に用いる例を述べたが、これらに限らず、パソコンなどの端末操作、災害時の所在地発信、社員証、名刺、定期券などを用いた認証など、多種多様な用途に用いることができる。
Further, in the above-described embodiment, an example of using for unlocking a car key has been described, but not limited to these, terminal operation of a personal computer, location transmission at the time of disaster, employee ID card, business card, commuter pass, etc. are used. It can be used for various purposes such as authentication.
また、上述の実施形態では、摩擦係数の高い材料を用いたが、摩擦係数が高くない材料でも、表面を粗面にすることにより実効的な摩擦係数にまで高めることが可能である。
Also, in the above embodiment, a material having a high friction coefficient was used, but even a material having a low friction coefficient can be increased to an effective friction coefficient by roughening the surface.
また、本発明では、スピン熱電素子以外のタイプの熱電変換素子を用いることも可能である。
Further, in the present invention, it is possible to use a thermoelectric conversion element of a type other than the spin thermoelectric element.
また実施形態では、発信部からアンテナ及び赤外光発光部に電源を供給しているが、蓄電部からアンテナ及び赤外光発光部に
直接供給してもよい。 Further, in the embodiment, the power is supplied from the transmitting unit to the antenna and the infrared light emitting unit, but from the power storage unit to the antenna and the infrared light emitting unit.
You may supply directly.
直接供給してもよい。 Further, in the embodiment, the power is supplied from the transmitting unit to the antenna and the infrared light emitting unit, but from the power storage unit to the antenna and the infrared light emitting unit.
You may supply directly.
以上、実施形態（及び実施例）を参照して本願発明を説明したが、本願発明は上記実施形態（及び実施例）に限定されるものではない。本願発明の構成や詳細には、本願発明のスコープ内で当業者が理解し得る様々な変更をすることができる。
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the exemplary embodiments (and examples), the present invention is not limited to the above-described exemplary embodiments (and examples). Various modifications that can be understood by those skilled in the art can be made to the configuration and details of the present invention within the scope of the present invention.
この出願は、２０１８年１１月９日に出願された日本出願特願２０１８－２１１３８５を基礎とする優先権を主張し、その開示の全てをここに取り込む。
This application claims the priority right based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2018-212385 filed on Nov. 9, 2018, and incorporates all the disclosure thereof.
１０，５０ 発信機能付きカード
１１ スピン熱電変換素子
１２ 熱生成膜
１３、５３、７３ 蓄電部
１４、６４、７４ 制御部
１５、６５７５ 発信部
１６ アンテナ
１７ 絶縁層
２１ カード基板
２２ 内部配線
３１ GGG基板
３２ 磁性絶縁体層
３３ 金属膜
３４，３５ 電極
６６ 赤外光発光部
７０ 発信装置
７１ 熱電変換素子 10, 50 Card withtransmission function 11 Spin thermoelectric conversion element 12 Heat generation film 13, 53, 73 Storage unit 14, 64, 74 Control unit 15, 6575 Transmission unit 16 Antenna 17 Insulation layer 21 Card substrate 22 Internal wiring 31 GGG substrate 32 Magnetic insulator layer 33 Metal film 34, 35 Electrode 66 Infrared light emitting unit 70 Transmitter 71 Thermoelectric conversion element
１１ スピン熱電変換素子
１２ 熱生成膜
１３、５３、７３ 蓄電部
１４、６４、７４ 制御部
１５、６５７５ 発信部
１６ アンテナ
１７ 絶縁層
２１ カード基板
２２ 内部配線
３１ GGG基板
３２ 磁性絶縁体層
３３ 金属膜
３４，３５ 電極
６６ 赤外光発光部
７０ 発信装置
７１ 熱電変換素子 10, 50 Card with
Claims (5)
- 熱電変換素子、前記熱電変換素子上に形成した熱生成膜、蓄電部、制御部、発信部を備え、前記熱電変換素子はユーザが前記熱生成膜を擦ることによって発生する熱による電力を前記蓄電部に蓄積し、前記蓄電部から前記制御部と前記発信部に前記電力を供給し、前記制御部が出力した情報を前記発信部で発信することを特徴とする発信装置。 A thermoelectric conversion element, a heat generation film formed on the thermoelectric conversion element, a power storage unit, a control unit, and a transmission unit are provided, and the thermoelectric conversion element stores electric power due to heat generated by a user rubbing the heat generation film. A transmitting device characterized in that the transmitting unit stores the power, supplies the electric power from the power storage unit to the control unit and the transmitting unit, and transmits the information output by the control unit by the transmitting unit.
- 前記蓄電部に蓄積する電力は、前記熱電変換素子はユーザが前記熱生成膜を擦ることによって発生する熱による電力及び前記熱生成膜を擦らない場合に前記熱電変換素子が発生する電力である請求項１に記載の発信装置。 The electric power accumulated in the power storage unit is electric power generated by heat generated by a user rubbing the heat generation film in the thermoelectric conversion element and electric power generated by the thermoelectric conversion element when the user does not rub the heat generation film. The transmitting device according to item 1.
- 前記熱生成膜はステンレス膜である請求項１または２に記載の発信装置。 The transmitter according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the heat generating film is a stainless film.
- 前記熱生成膜の表面が粗面である請求項１から３のいずれか一項に記載の発信装置。 The transmitter according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the surface of the heat generating film is a rough surface.
- 前記熱電変換素子はスピン熱電変換素子である請求項１から４のいずれか一項に記載の発信装置。 The transmitter according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the thermoelectric conversion element is a spin thermoelectric conversion element.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2018-211385 | 2018-11-09 | ||
| JP2018211385 | 2018-11-09 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2020095855A1 true WO2020095855A1 (en) | 2020-05-14 |
Family
ID=70612219
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2019/043140 WO2020095855A1 (en) | 2018-11-09 | 2019-11-01 | Transmitting device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| WO (1) | WO2020095855A1 (en) |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2013021876A1 (en) * | 2011-08-09 | 2013-02-14 | 日本電気株式会社 | Position detection device |
| CN203251287U (en) * | 2013-01-24 | 2013-10-23 | 国民技术股份有限公司 | Audio card |
| US20160013671A1 (en) * | 2013-12-19 | 2016-01-14 | Beijing Boe Optoelectronics Technology Co., Ltd. | Mobile communication terminal |
-
2019
- 2019-11-01 WO PCT/JP2019/043140 patent/WO2020095855A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2013021876A1 (en) * | 2011-08-09 | 2013-02-14 | 日本電気株式会社 | Position detection device |
| CN203251287U (en) * | 2013-01-24 | 2013-10-23 | 国民技术股份有限公司 | Audio card |
| US20160013671A1 (en) * | 2013-12-19 | 2016-01-14 | Beijing Boe Optoelectronics Technology Co., Ltd. | Mobile communication terminal |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN107371387B (en) | Heat dissipation unit for wireless charging and wireless power charging module comprising same | |
| US8505826B2 (en) | Anti-interrogation for portable device | |
| JP4819958B2 (en) | Flexible card with display function | |
| ES2320853T3 (en) | PORTABLE OBJECT WITHOUT CONTACT THAT INCLUDES ONE OR VARIOUS PERIPHERAL DEVICES WITHOUT CONTACT. | |
| TWI246227B (en) | Magnetic core member, antenna module, and mobile communication terminal having the same | |
| US8455779B2 (en) | Chip card device | |
| KR101568814B1 (en) | Card capable of charging a battery by contact type or non-contact type | |
| US20090206994A1 (en) | Card having rfid tag | |
| CN109861490A (en) | Power generation module group and display panel | |
| WO2020095855A1 (en) | Transmitting device | |
| CN102129594A (en) | Flexible display type card | |
| JP2004078731A (en) | Card type portable apparatus and memory contents indicating method | |
| JP2001256452A (en) | Tag ic | |
| JP2008090724A (en) | Image display medium | |
| WO2020121733A1 (en) | Transmission device | |
| JP4068997B2 (en) | Electronic equipment | |
| JP2015233130A (en) | Semiconductor substrate and semiconductor device manufacturing method | |
| JP2002278654A (en) | Portable telephone equipment | |
| US7701729B2 (en) | Electric supplying card holder | |
| JP2001209772A (en) | Ic card with non-contact transmitting mechanism | |
| JP2004252804A (en) | Terminal, and battery pack | |
| WO2020129719A1 (en) | Authentication device and authentication system | |
| CN218004126U (en) | Flexible display type luminous card | |
| JP6362759B1 (en) | IC tag | |
| JP2005275871A (en) | Insertion type storage medium device and storage device with radio communication medium |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 19881150 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
| NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
| 122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase |
Ref document number: 19881150 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
| NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: JP |