WO2020085926A1 - A perovskite-based photovoltaic panel - Google Patents
A perovskite-based photovoltaic panel Download PDFInfo
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- WO2020085926A1 WO2020085926A1 PCT/PL2019/000097 PL2019000097W WO2020085926A1 WO 2020085926 A1 WO2020085926 A1 WO 2020085926A1 PL 2019000097 W PL2019000097 W PL 2019000097W WO 2020085926 A1 WO2020085926 A1 WO 2020085926A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- perovskite
- cells
- photovoltaic
- glass plate
- coat
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- -1 organometallic halide Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000002313 adhesive film Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006798 recombination Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005215 recombination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910001218 Gallium arsenide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003667 anti-reflective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;oxotin Chemical compound [In].[Sn]=O AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HRHKULZDDYWVBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;oxozinc;tin Chemical compound [In].[Sn].[Zn]=O HRHKULZDDYWVBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002096 quantum dot Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004054 semiconductor nanocrystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000012431 wafers Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
- H01L31/047—PV cell arrays including PV cells having multiple vertical junctions or multiple V-groove junctions formed in a semiconductor substrate
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/50—Organic perovskites; Hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites [HOIP], e.g. CH3NH3PbI3
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
Abstract
A perovskite-based photovoltaic panel according to the invention consists in that it has at least two photovoltaic cells (1) connected with each other inseparably in series and having an identical structure, made up of vertically oriented, mutually parallel, and inseparably joined layers including: at least one film layer (3, 3', or 3") and/or at least one layer in the form of a glass plate (4 or 4'), and at least one perovskite coat (5 or 5'), whereas the front face of the panel is connected with a positive electrode (+), and the opposite rear face of the panel is connected with a negative electrode (-), so that the two electrodes are in contact with all vertically oriented perovskite coats (5 or 5') of all of the photovoltaic cells (1), and moreover, all of the photovoltaic cells (1) of the panel have the same width (5Ί), height (h), and length (L) which make up a photovoltaic panel with width (5), height (h), and length (L).
Description
A perovskite-based photovoltaic panel
The subject of the invention is a perovskite-based photovoltaic panel utilising a very wide spectrum of solar light and thus increasing effectiveness of solar radiation conversion into electric energy.
From a publication posted on website https://www.laserfocusworld. com/articles/print/volume-51/issue-02/features/laser-powered-devices-high- concentration-py-cell-enables-high-wattage-laser-power-transmission.html known are VMJ (Vertical Multi Junctions) silicon-based photovoltaic cells, cost-competitive with classical photovoltaic cells, which operate most effectively in case of laser system operated in the range of wavelengths from 900 nm to 1000 nm, whereas material composition of a VMJ cell and its structure serve as the foundation of competitiveness of the cell for laser power transmission applications. The VMJ cell is an integrally bonded series- connected array of miniature silicon vertical-junction unit cells. The VMJ cell is fabricated by bonding a stack of diffused and metallized silicon wafers together and then dicing the stack into thin slices, resulting in high-voltage, low-current cells that each contain approximately 50 unit cells (junctions) per centimetre of length, resulting in near 30 V/cm. Electrical leads are attached to the end contacts, so that current flows from the ends of the cells.
The principle of operation of the above-described photovoltaic cell VMJ was used in the invention disclosed in patent description No. US20150000729A1 from which it follows that the solar cell with a passivation layer comprises a vertical cell connected with a plurality of photovoltaic VMJ cells, a passivation layer on said vertical cell transparent to light, and a anti-reflective layer covering the passivation layer, whereas each of the each of VMJ cells comprises includes a plurality of PN junction substrates spaced from each other and a plurality of electrode layers disposed
between and connected to two adjacent PN junction substrates, providing ohmic contacts with low resistance, high strength bonding, and good thermal conduction. The junction substrates may be made of one selected from the group consisting of GaAs, Ge, InGaP, and their compositions, whereas the electrode layers may be made of one selected from the group consisting of Si, Ti, Co, W, Hf, Ta, Mo, Cr, Ag, Cu, Al, and their alloy mixtures. Moreover, each of the PN junction substrates includes a P+ type end surface, a P type end surface, an N type end surface, and an N+ type end surface, whereas the passivation layer of the cell covers all of these end surfaces of P+, P, N, and N+ type the exposing surfaces to reduce a carrier recombination probability induced by absorbing sunlight. Electrically conducting electrodes of the cell used to output the electric energy generated from the VMJ cell are disposed separately on the first and the second end surface. In the cell, PN junction substrates include a surface penetrable to light, which comprises the P+ type end surface of the P+ type diffuse doping layer, the P type end surface of the P type diffuse doping layer, the N type end surface of the N type diffuse doping layer, and the N+ type end surface of the N+ type diffuse doping layer, whereas the objective of the solar cell with passivation layer is to reduce a carrier recombination probability induced by absorbing sunlight.
From patent description US2018240606A1 known is also a perovskite photovoltaic cell including a first charge (holes) transporting layer including a plurality of semiconductor nanocrystals, including a core and a shell, in contact with a firs electrode made, for instance, of zinc indium tin oxide, disposed on a substrate which is an electrically conducting glass (ITO-glass) or a plastic, and a second charge (electrons) transporting layer in contact with a second electrode and an absorber layer including a perovskite material, disposed between the two transport layers, whereas all these layers are oriented horizontally and parallel to each other. Moreover, in the cell, the perovskite material contains a lead halide perovskite (MAPbI3), and the substrate may be also made of a plastic or metal, whereas the includes a first semiconductor material of PbS type and a second semiconductor material of CdS type constituting the shell.
Further, a photovoltaic cell known from the patent description US2018248142A1 having a structure with a perovskite monocrystalline film comprises a substrate made of one or more glasses coated with: indium tin oxide (ITO), fluoride coated tin oxide (FTO), silicon, metal coated silicon, or a combination thereof, an organometallic halide perovskite monocrystalline
film disposed on a substrate, and a metal layer disposed on the organometallic halide perovskite monocrystalline film, wherein the metal layer is selected from Au, Ag, Cu, or a combination thereof. Moreover, in the cell, the organometallic halide perovskite monocrystalline film has the thickness of from 300 nm to 50 pm, and the metal film has the thickness of from 50 nm to 200 nm.
The objective of the invention is to provide a new structure for photovoltaic panels composed of cells based on a perovskite absorber with high translucency and increased effectiveness of conversion of solar light to electric energy with the option to combine a plurality of photovoltaic cells with diversified absorptivity.
The key feature of the perovskite-based photovoltaic panel made of plate-shaped cuboidal photovoltaic cells joined in series with each other and comprising a glass layer, electric energy charge transporting layers, a plastic film layer, and an absorbing layer deposited on one of them, containing a perovskite material, and moreover the panel is provided with a positive electrode and a negative electrode is characterised in that it has at least two photovoltaic cells with an identical structure connected with each other inseparably in series, each cell being made up of vertically oriented, mutually parallel and inseparably joined layers which include: at least one plastic film layer and/or at least one layer in the form of a glass plate and at least one perovskite film, whereas the front face of the panel is connected with a positive electrode, and the opposite rear face of the panel is connected with a negative electrode, so that both electrodes are in contact with all vertically oriented perovskite films of all the photovoltaic cells.
It is favourable when all the photovoltaic cells have identical widths, heights, and lengths, which make up a photovoltaic panel with a width, a height, and a length.
It is also favourable when each of the photovoltaic cells has an element of one-sided adhesive electrically insulating film, to which adheres a glass plate one surface of which is provided with a perovskite coat to which adheres a second glass plate.
It is further favourable when each of the photovoltaic cells has an element of a single-sided electrically insulating film, to which adheres an element of analogous electrically insulating film connected with a perovskite coat to which adheres a glass plate.
It is also favourable when each of the photovoltaic cells has an element of a single-sided adhesive electrically insulating film, to which adheres a glass plate provided on one side with a perovskite coat with a second analogous glass plate adhering thereto.
It is also favourable when the photovoltaic cell of the panel has an element of a single-sided adhesive electrically insulating film, to which adheres a perovskite coat joined with a glass plate (4) the other surface of which is provided with another perovskite coat with an element of an electrically insulating film adhering thereto.
It is favourable when the elements with electrically insulating film have the thickness of from 1 mhi to 1000 pm, the glass plates have the thickness of from 30 pm to 1000 pm, and its perovskite coats have the thickness of from 10 nm to 1000 nm.
It has been unexpectedly found that combination of several materials in a photovoltaic cell, including materials containing at least one coat of perovskite absorber applied to at least one surface of said materials oriented vertically and parallel to each other as a result of which the upper lateral micro-walls of perovskite coats are exposed and by connecting in series the cells in a number depending on required overall dimensions of photovoltaic panels composed of such cells, resulted in an increase of conversion of the diffused energy of light reflected repeatedly inside the panel constructed that way into electric energy.
The subject of the invention in four examples of its embodiment is illustrated in drawings, of which Fig. 1 shows a first variant of embodiment of the monolithic perovskite-based photovoltaic panel with three identical photovoltaic cells containing a perovskite coat applied to one surface of glass plate of each of the cells, in the perspective view; Fig. 2— an exploded perspective view of the three cells of the same panel without their adhesive joints; Fig. 3— a second variant of embodiment of the photovoltaic panel with four identical photovoltaic cells, containing perovskite coat deposited on one surface of a double-side adhesive film of each of the cells, in the perspective view; Fig. 4— an exploded perspective view of the four cells of the same panel without their adhesive joints; Fig. 5— a third variant of embodiment of the photovoltaic panel with four identical photovoltaic cells containing two perovskite coats deposited on both surfaces of one film of each of the cells, in the perspective view; Fig. 6— an exploded perspective view of the four cells of the same panel without their adhesive joints; Fig. 7
— a fourth variant of embodiment of the photovoltaic panel with six identical photovoltaic cells comprising two perovskite coats applied on both surfaces of one glass plate of each of the cells, in the perspective view; and Fig. 8— an exploded perspective view of the six cells of the same panel without their adhesive joints. Moreover, with the intention to facilitate more accurate interpretation of structure of the photovoltaic panel according to the invention, Fig. 9 shows an example cuboidal plate-shaped half-finished product made up of its component elements joined with each other with the use of any of commonly known methods, said component elements containing a single-side adhesive film, a glass plate provided with a perovskite coat on one of its surfaces, and another glass plate adhering to them, said component elements being oriented horizontally and parallel to each other. The half-finished product may be then cut into thin plate-shaped cuboidal elements which can be used as individual photovoltaic cells of the panel. Moreover, bearing in mind small thickness of component elements of the photovoltaic cells making up the photovoltaic panel shown in Figs. 1-8, the drawings depict the elements on a large scale compared to actual thickness of component elements of the panel.
Example 1
The perovskite-based photovoltaic panel has the form of a cuboidal monolithic plate with height h = 5 mm, width S, and length L, comprising three identical photovoltaic cells 1 with width SI joined with each other permanently in series by their inner side walls with layers of transparent electrically conducting adhesive 2, whereas each of the cells 1 comprises a single-side adhesive electrically insulating EVA-type film 3 with the thickness of 200 pm, joined with one surface of a glass plate 4 with the thickness of 1000 pm made of glass, the other opposite surface of which is coated permanently with a perovskite coat 5 with the thickness of 500 nm, to surface of which adheres an analogous glass plate 4', whereas all the component elements of the cells 1 are oriented vertically and parallel relative to each other, and moreover, one matching ends of all interconnected cells 1 of the panel are connected with a positive electrode, and the opposite ends of the cells are connected with a negative electrode.
Example 2
The perovskite-based photovoltaic panel has the form of a cuboidal monolithic plate with height h = 10 mm comprising four identical photovoltaic cells 1 with width 51 joined with each other permanently in series by their inner side walls provided with layers of transparent electrically conducting adhesive 2, whereas each of the cells 1 comprises a single-side adhesive electrically insulating EVA-type film 3 with the thickness of 1 pm joined with one surface of the second electrically insulating film EVA-type 3', the other surface of which is coated permanently with a perovskite coat 5 with the thickness of 10 nm, which in turn is joined permanently with a glass plate 4 with the thickness of 30 pm made of glass, whereas all the component elements of the four cells 1 are oriented vertically and parallel to each other, and moreover, one matching ends of the four cells 1 connected with each other in series are connected with a positive electrode, and opposite ends of the cells are connected with a negative electrode.
Example 3
The perovskite-based photovoltaic panel has the form of a cuboidal monolithic plate with height h = 25 mm comprising four identical photovoltaic cells 1 with width 51 joined with each other by their inner side walls provided with layers of transparent electrically conducting adhesive 2, whereas each of the cells 1 comprises three layers of EVA-type film 3, 3', and 3" with the thickness of 100 pm each, whereas both surfaces of the film 3' are coated with perovskite coats 5 and 5' with the thickness of 1000 nm each, and moreover, all component elements of the four cells 1 are also oriented vertically and parallel to each other, while one matching ends of the four cells 1 connected with each other in series are connected with a positive electrode, and opposite ends of the cells are connected with a negative electrode.
Example 4
The perovskite-based photovoltaic panel has the form of a cuboidal monolithic plate with height h = 50 mm comprising six identical photovoltaic cells 1 with width 51, joined with each other permanently in series by their side walls with layers of transparent electrically conducting adhesive 2, whereas each of the cells 1 comprises an EVA-type film 3 with the thickness of 1000 pm each, provided on one side with a perovskite coat 5 with the thickness of 250 nm each to which one surface of a glass plate 4 adheres with
the thickness of 500 mhi made of glass, the other surface of which is coated with another perovskite coat 5' with the thickness of 200 nm, to which a second EVA-type film 3' adheres with the thickness of 500 mih, whereas all the component elements of the six cells 1 are oriented vertically and parallel to each other. Moreover, one matching ends of the six cells 1 connected with each other in series are connected with a positive electrode, and the opposite ends of the cells are connected with a negative electrode.
In other example embodiments, not shown in drawings, the perovskite- based photovoltaic panels were composed of two, ten, one hundred, and one thousand photovoltaic cells made up of plastic film layers 3 and/or 3' and/or 3", perovskite coats 5 and/or 5', and glass plates 4 and/or 4', oriented vertically and parallel to each other and joined with each other analogously as described in Examples 1-4, whereas the number of the cells depended on specific applications and the required overall dimensions of the panels.
After being acquainted with the above-described example structures of perovskite-based photovoltaic panels illustrated in Figs. 1-8, other structural configurations of such perovskite-based photovoltaic panels and their merits shall be obvious for any person skilled in the art as the key feature of the present invention consists in vertical orientation of component cells of the panels which enables to couple electrically all the perovskite coats with a positive electrode and a negative electrode of such panels connected in series with each other. An obvious solution will be also to replace, the perovskite coat or coats of the present invention with quantum dots.
Claims
1. A perovskite-based photovoltaic panel made up of plate-shaped cuboidal photovoltaic cells connected with each other in series, each of the cells comprising a glass layer, electric energy charge transporting layers, a plastic film layer, and an absorbing layer containing a perovskite material deposited on one of them, and moreover, the panel is provided with a positive electrode and a negative electrode characterised in that it comprises at least two photovoltaic cells (1) connected with each other inseparably in series, said cells having identical structure made up of vertically oriented, mutually parallel, and inseparably joined layers including: at least one film layer (3, 3', or 3") and/or at least one layer in the form of a glass plate (4 or 4') and at least one perovskite coat (5 or 5'), whereas the front face of the panel is connected with a positive electrode (+), and the opposite rear face of the panel is connected with a negative electrode (-), so that the two electrodes contact with all vertically oriented perovskite coats (5 or 5') of all of the photovoltaic cells (1).
2. The photovoltaic panel according to claim 1 characterised in that all of the photovoltaic cells (1) have identical widths (51), heights ( h ), and lengths ( L ) to make up a photovoltaic panel with width ( S ), height (h), and length ( L ).
3. The photovoltaic panel according to claim 1 characterised in that each of its photovoltaic cells (1) has an element of a single-side adhesive electrically insulating film (3), to which adheres a glass plate (4) one surface of which is provided with a perovskite coat to which a second glass plate (4') adheres.
4. The photovoltaic panel according to claim 1 characterised in that each of its photovoltaic cells (1) has an element of a single-side adhesive electrically insulating film (3), to which an element of analogous
electrically insulating film (3') adheres joined with a perovskite coat (5) to which a glass plate (4) adheres.
5. The photovoltaic panel according to claim 1 characterised in that each of its photovoltaic cells (1) has an element of a single-sided adhesive electrically insulating film (3), to which adheres a glass plate (4) coated one-sidedly with a perovskite coat (5) with a second analogous glass plate (4') adhering thereto.
6. The photovoltaic panel according to claim 1 characterised in that each of its photovoltaic cells (1) has an element of a single-side adhesive electrically insulating film (3), to which a perovskite coat (5) adheres, joined with a glass plate (4) the other surface of which is coated with another perovskite coat (5') with an electrically insulating film (3') adhering thereto.
7. The photovoltaic panel according to any of preceding claims characterised in that its elements of electrically insulating film (3 or 3' or 3") have the thickness of from 1 pm to 1000 pm each, glass plates (4 and 4') have the thickness of from 30 pm to 1000 pm each, and its perovskite coats (5 and 5') have the thickness of from 10 nm to 1000 nm each.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PL427523A PL240806B1 (en) | 2018-10-24 | 2018-10-24 | Perovskite-based photovoltaic panel |
| PLP.427523 | 2018-10-24 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2020085926A1 true WO2020085926A1 (en) | 2020-04-30 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/PL2019/000097 WO2020085926A1 (en) | 2018-10-24 | 2019-10-21 | A perovskite-based photovoltaic panel |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| PL (1) | PL240806B1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2020085926A1 (en) |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0204567A2 (en) * | 1985-06-04 | 1986-12-10 | Siemens Solar Industries L.P. | Thin film solar module |
| JP2005011841A (en) * | 2003-06-16 | 2005-01-13 | Japan Science & Technology Agency | Vertical junction organic photovoltaic device and its manufacturing method |
| US20150000729A1 (en) | 2013-06-28 | 2015-01-01 | Mh Solar Company Limited | Solar cell with passivation layer and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN105489772A (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2016-04-13 | 常州天合光能有限公司 | Perovskite solar cell module package structure and package method |
| US20180240606A1 (en) | 2015-08-14 | 2018-08-23 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Perovskite solar cells including semiconductor nanomaterials |
| US20180248142A1 (en) | 2015-08-24 | 2018-08-30 | King Abdullah University Of Science And Technology | Solar cells, structures including organometallic halide perovskite monocrystalline films, and methods of preparation thereof |
-
2018
- 2018-10-24 PL PL427523A patent/PL240806B1/en unknown
-
2019
- 2019-10-21 WO PCT/PL2019/000097 patent/WO2020085926A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0204567A2 (en) * | 1985-06-04 | 1986-12-10 | Siemens Solar Industries L.P. | Thin film solar module |
| JP2005011841A (en) * | 2003-06-16 | 2005-01-13 | Japan Science & Technology Agency | Vertical junction organic photovoltaic device and its manufacturing method |
| US20150000729A1 (en) | 2013-06-28 | 2015-01-01 | Mh Solar Company Limited | Solar cell with passivation layer and manufacturing method thereof |
| US20180240606A1 (en) | 2015-08-14 | 2018-08-23 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Perovskite solar cells including semiconductor nanomaterials |
| US20180248142A1 (en) | 2015-08-24 | 2018-08-30 | King Abdullah University Of Science And Technology | Solar cells, structures including organometallic halide perovskite monocrystalline films, and methods of preparation thereof |
| CN105489772A (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2016-04-13 | 常州天合光能有限公司 | Perovskite solar cell module package structure and package method |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| CRISTINA ROLDÁN-CARMONA ET AL: "Flexible high efficiency perovskite solar cells", ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE, vol. 7, no. 3, 1 January 2014 (2014-01-01), Cambridge, pages 994, XP055657982, ISSN: 1754-5692, DOI: 10.1039/c3ee43619e * |
| MARTIN A. GREEN ET AL: "The emergence of perovskite solar cells", NATURE PHOTONICS, vol. 8, no. 7, 27 June 2014 (2014-06-27), UK, pages 506 - 514, XP055659180, ISSN: 1749-4885, DOI: 10.1038/nphoton.2014.134 * |
| PARK ET AL: "Unconventional Thin Film Photovoltaics: RSC Energy and Environment Series - Google Libros", 14 January 2016 (2016-01-14), XP055657956, ISBN: 978-1-78262-293-2, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:https://books.google.nl/books?hl=es&lr=&id=ucbRDAAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PA252&dq="++Unconventional+thin+film+photovoltaics"&ots=m7AVQHRnbI&sig=Z_SymZpPGiWnz0dHakyAI3HVbvU&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q="%20%20Unconventional%20thin%20film%20photovoltaics"&f=false> [retrieved on 20200114] * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| PL427523A1 (en) | 2020-05-04 |
| PL240806B1 (en) | 2022-06-06 |
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