WO2020085200A1

WO2020085200A1 - Optical device

Info

Publication number: WO2020085200A1
Application number: PCT/JP2019/040930
Authority: WO
Inventors: 雅志渡邉; 浩太郎福田; 拓巳岡本; 太郎小倉
Original assignee: 株式会社デンソー
Priority date: 2018-10-25
Filing date: 2019-10-17
Publication date: 2020-04-30

Abstract

This optical device comprises: a sensor (41) for detecting light passing through a light-transmitting detection surface (43); and a light-transmitting film heater (30) disposed adjacent to an optical window (42) that has the detection surface and having a heating unit (35) for heating the optical window. The light-transmissive film heater has a temperature distribution in which the temperature of an outer region is higher than a region of the heating unit located closer to the center of the detection surface than the outer region, such outer region being located on the radial outer side of the detection surface in the heating unit and having a center line (CL) of the detection surface as the center.

Description

Optical device

Cross-reference to related application

This application includes Japanese Patent Application No. 2018-200942 filed on October 25, 2018, Japanese Patent Application No. 2019-3823 filed on January 11, 2019, and August 9, 2019. Japanese Patent Application No. 2019-147841, which is filed herewith, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

The present disclosure relates to an optical device.

Conventionally, there is a device including a light transmission sensor array arranged on a window glass of a vehicle and a planar overheatable film arranged on the light transmission sensor array (for example, refer to Patent Document 1). This device prevents the dew condensation on the light transmission sensor array by heating the light transmission sensor array by the overheatable film.

Special table 2012-530646

According to the study by the inventor, when the window glass is cooled, the flat superheatable film described in Patent Document 1 absorbs heat from both planes of the superheatable film and the three directions of the side surfaces. Be seen. At this time, heat is uniformly taken over the entire surfaces of both flat surfaces of the superheatable film, but heat is taken from the peripheral portion of the superheatable film in the peripheral portion of the superheatable film. For this reason, for example, when the calorific value is reduced, fogging occurs from the peripheral portion of the overheatable film. The present disclosure aims to make it possible to further suppress the occurrence of fogging.

According to one aspect of the present disclosure, an optical device includes a sensor unit that detects light that has passed through a light-transmissive detection surface. Further, the optical device includes a light-transmissive film heater having a heating unit which is disposed adjacent to the optical window having the detection surface and heats the optical window. Then, the light-transmissive film heater has a temperature in an outer region located radially outside with respect to the center line of the detection surface in the heating unit, as compared with a region located closer to the center of the detection surface than the outer region in the heating unit. It has a higher temperature distribution.

With such a configuration, in the light-transmissive film heater, the temperature of the outer region located radially outside with respect to the center line of the detection surface of the heating portion is closer to the center of the detection surface than the outer region of the heating portion. It has a temperature distribution higher than that of the region located at. Therefore, the generation of fogging from the peripheral portion of the heating unit is suppressed, and the generation of fogging can be further suppressed.

Further, according to another aspect of the present disclosure, an optical device includes a light-transmissive film heater having a heating unit disposed adjacent to a light-transmissive optical window to heat the optical window, and heats a predetermined area. Equipped with a heating part. In addition, the light-transmitting film heater includes a first electrode disposed radially outside the center line of a predetermined region of the optical window in the heating unit, and a predetermined region of the optical window together with the first electrode in the heating unit on both sides. And a second electrode arranged so as to be sandwiched between the first heating region and the second electrode, the heating unit has a first heating region that generates heat according to a potential difference between the first electrode and the second electrode, and the heating unit is Heat is generated in the outer region located radially outside the center line of the predetermined region of the optical window rather than the one heat generation region.

According to such a configuration, the heating section has the first heating area that generates heat in accordance with the potential difference between the first electrode and the second electrode, and the heating section is located closer to the optical window than the first heating area. Heat is generated in the outer region located radially outside of the center line of the predetermined region. Therefore, the generation of fogging from the peripheral portion of the heating unit is suppressed, and the generation of fogging can be further suppressed.

Note that the reference numerals in parentheses attached to the respective components and the like indicate an example of the correspondence relationship between the components and the like and specific components and the like described in the embodiments described later.

It is a figure showing composition of an optical device concerning a 1st embodiment. It is the figure which showed the structure of the transparent film heater of the optical device which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is the figure which showed the structure of the transparent film heater of the optical device which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. It is a figure showing a heat generation field of an optical device concerning a 2nd embodiment. It is the figure which showed the structure of the transparent film heater of the optical device which concerns on 3rd Embodiment. It is a figure showing composition of a transparent film heater of an optical device concerning a 4th embodiment. It is the figure which showed the structure of the transparent film heater of the optical apparatus which concerns on 5th Embodiment. It is the figure which showed the structure of the transparent film heater of the optical apparatus which concerns on 6th Embodiment. It is the figure which showed the structure of the transparent film heater of the optical device which concerns on 7th Embodiment. It is the figure which showed the structure of the transparent film heater of the optical device which concerns on 8th Embodiment. It is the figure which showed the structure of the transparent film heater of the optical device which concerns on 9th Embodiment. It is the figure which showed the structure of the transparent film heater of the optical device which concerns on 10th Embodiment.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present disclosure will be described based on the drawings. In the following respective embodiments, the same or equivalent parts are designated by the same reference numerals in the drawings.

(First embodiment)
The optical device according to the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. As shown in FIG. 1, the optical device 1 includes a camera 40, a light transmissive film heater 30, and a controller 50. The optical device 1 of the present embodiment captures an image with the camera 40.

The camera 40 includes an optical window 42 and a sensor unit 41. The planar optical window 42 is provided with a light-transmissive detection surface 43. The center line CL of the detection surface 43 is perpendicular to the planar optical window 42.

The sensor unit 41 senses the light that has passed through the detection surface 43. The sensor unit 41 includes an image sensor such as a CCD (Charged-Coupled Devices) or a CMOS (Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor). The camera 40 sends the image captured by the sensor unit 41 to the control unit 50.

The light-transmissive film heater 30 has a first electrode 31, a second electrode 32, a heating unit 35, and a heat ray heater 38. The first electrode 31 and the second electrode 32 are made of a conductive metal. The first electrode 31 and the second electrode 32 each have a linear shape. The first electrode 31 and the second electrode 32 are formed on one surface of the heating portion 35 by printing or the like. The first electrode 31 and the second electrode 32 are arranged so as to avoid the detection surface 43. Specifically, the first electrode 31 and the second electrode 32 are arranged so as to sandwich the detection surface 43 from the outside in the radial direction around the center line CL of the detection surface 43. The first electrode 31 and the second electrode 32 are each connected to the control unit 50.

The heating unit 35 is arranged adjacent to the surface of the optical window 42 facing the sensor unit 41 and the surface opposite thereto. That is, the heating unit 35 is arranged adjacent to the optical window 42 having the detection surface 43 and heats the optical window 42.

The heating unit 35 can be made of, for example, a transparent conductive film. By supplying electricity to the transparent conductive film through the first electrode 31 and the second electrode 32, the transparent conductive film generates heat. The heating portion 35 has a uniform thickness. Moreover, the heating part 35 is made homogeneous.

The heat wire heater 38 is arranged in the outer area on the outer side in the radial direction of the detection surface 43. The hot wire heater 38 is formed along the peripheral portion of the heating unit 35. The heat wire heater 38 has a linear shape. The hot wire heater 38 generates heat due to Joule heat generated when a current flows through the hot wire heater 38.

In the light-transmitting film heater 30, the heat ray heater 38 is formed along the peripheral portion of the heating unit 35, and the temperature of the outer region of the heating unit 35 on the radially outer side of the detection surface 43 is higher than that of the outer region of the heating unit 35. It has a temperature distribution that is higher than the area on the center side of the detection surface 43.

Further, the optical device 1 of the present embodiment includes the sensor unit 41 that senses the light that has passed through the light-transmissive detection surface 43. In addition, a light-transmissive film heater 30 having a heating unit 35 which is arranged adjacent to the optical window 42 having the detection surface 43 and heats the optical window 42, and a heat ray heater 38 as a heat generating unit which heats a predetermined area are provided. There is.

In addition, the light-transmissive film heater 30 includes the first electrode 31 arranged radially outside the center line of the detection surface 43 in the heating unit 35 and the detection surface 43 together with the first electrode 31 in the heating unit 35. And a second electrode 32 arranged so as to be sandwiched from both sides. The heating unit 35 also has a first heat generation region E1 that generates heat according to the potential difference between the first electrode 31 and the second electrode 32. Then, the heat ray heater 38 as the heat generating portion heats the outer area located radially outside the first heat generating area E1 with the center line CL of the detection surface 43 as the center.

The control unit 50 is configured as a computer including a CPU, a memory, an I / O, etc., and the CPU performs various processes according to a program stored in the memory.

As the processing of the control unit 50, for example, when it is determined that the detection surface 43 is fogged based on the image input from the camera 40, the first electrode 31 and the second electrode 32 of the light transmissive film heater 30 are detected. There is a process of applying a predetermined voltage during the period and starting energization of the hot wire heater 38.

When the control unit 50 applies a predetermined voltage between the first electrode 31 and the second electrode 32 of the light transmissive film heater 30, the heating unit 35 generates heat. Further, when the controller 50 starts energizing the hot wire heater 38, the hot wire heater 38 generates heat. The heat wire heater 38 heats the outer area radially outside of the center line of the detection surface 43.

The hot wire heater 38 is formed along the peripheral portion of the heating unit 35, and the temperature of the outer region of the heating unit 35 on the outer side in the radial direction of the detection surface 43 is higher than that of the outer region of the heating unit 35 at the center of the detection surface 43. It has a temperature distribution that is higher than the side region. As a result, generation of fogging from the peripheral portion of the heating unit 35 is suppressed.

As described above, the optical device of the present embodiment includes the sensor unit 41 that senses the light that has passed through the light-transmissive detection surface 43. Further, the light-transmitting film heater 30 is provided which has a heating unit 35 which is arranged adjacent to the optical window 42 having a detection surface and heats the optical window. Further, in the light-transmitting film heater 30, the temperature of the outer region of the heating unit 35, which is located radially outside the center line CL of the detection surface 43, is closer to the center of the detection surface than the outer region of the heating unit 35. It has a temperature distribution that is higher than the area in which it is located.

According to the above configuration, in the light transmissive film heater 30, the temperature of the outer region located radially outside the center line CL of the detection surface 43 of the heating unit 35 is detected from the outer region of the heating unit 35. It has a temperature distribution that is higher than the region located on the center side of the surface 43. Therefore, the generation of fogging from the peripheral portion of the heating unit 35 is suppressed, and the generation of fogging can be further suppressed.

Further, the light-transmissive film heater 30 is provided with a heat ray heater 38 that heats an outer area on the outer side in the radial direction around the center line of the detection surface 43.

As described above, the light-transmissive film heater 30 can include the hot wire heater 38 that heats the outer area on the outer side in the radial direction around the center line CL of the detection surface 43.

Further, the optical device 1 of the present embodiment includes a light-transmissive film heater 30 having a heating unit 35 arranged adjacent to the light-transmissive optical window 42 for heating the optical window 42, and heat generation for heating a predetermined area. A hot wire heater 38 is provided as a part.

Further, the light-transmissive film heater 30 has a first electrode 31 arranged radially outside of the heating section 35 with respect to the center line of a predetermined region of the optical window 42. In addition, the heating unit 35 includes the first electrode 31 and the second electrode 32 that is arranged so as to sandwich a predetermined region of the optical window 42 from both sides. The heating unit 35 also has a first heat generation region E1 that generates heat according to the potential difference between the first electrode 31 and the second electrode 32. Then, the heat ray heater 38 causes the outer region located radially outside of the first heat generating region E1 with the center line of the predetermined region of the optical window 42 as the center. The center line of the predetermined area of the optical window 42 coincides with the center line CL of the detection surface 43.

According to such a configuration, the heating unit 35 has the first heat generation area E1 that generates heat according to the potential difference between the first electrode 31 and the second electrode 32. Then, the heat ray heater 38 as a heat generating portion heats the outer region located radially outside the center line CL of the predetermined region of the optical window 42 with respect to the first heat generating region E1, so that the peripheral edge of the heating portion 35. The generation of fogging from the part is suppressed, and the generation of fogging can be further suppressed.

(Second embodiment)
The optical device 1 according to the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 to 4. The optical device 1 of the present embodiment includes first to fourth electrodes 31 to 34 and a heating unit 35.

The first electrode 31 is arranged radially outside the center line CL of the detection surface 43 of the heating unit 35. The second electrode 32 is arranged in the heating unit 35 so as to sandwich the detection surface 43 from both sides together with the first electrode 31.

Further, the third electrode 33 is arranged radially outside the detection surface 43 from the first electrode 31 side in the heating section 35. The fourth electrode 34 is arranged radially outward of the detection surface 43 with respect to the second electrode 32 side in the heating section 35. The first electrode 31 to the fourth electrode 34 each have a linear shape. The first electrode 31 to the fourth electrode 34 are parallel to each other.

Also, the distance between the first electrode 31 and the third electrode 33 is the same as the distance between the second electrode 32 and the fourth electrode 34. In addition, the distance between the first electrode 31 and the third electrode 33 and the distance between the second electrode 32 and the fourth electrode 34 are smaller than the distance between the first electrode 31 and the second electrode 32, respectively. Is also getting shorter.

In this embodiment, the potential of the first electrode 31 is controlled to 0 volt, the potential of the second electrode 32 is controlled to 12 volt, the potential of the third electrode 33 is controlled to 12 volt, and the potential of the fourth electrode 34 is controlled to 0 volt.

As shown in FIG. 4, the heating unit 35 has a first heat generation area E1 that generates heat according to the potential difference between the first electrode 31 and the second electrode 32. The heating unit 35 also has a second heat generation area E2 that generates heat according to the potential difference between the first electrode 31 and the third electrode 33. Further, the heating unit 35 has a third heat generation region E3 that generates heat according to the potential difference between the second electrode 32 and the fourth electrode 34. The heat generation temperatures of the second heat generation area E2 and the third heat generation area E3 are higher than the heat generation temperature of the first heat generation area E1.

As described above, in the light transmissive film heater 30, the temperature at which the temperature of the outer region of the heating portion 35 on the outer side in the radial direction of the detection surface 43 becomes higher than the temperature of the outer region of the heating portion 35 on the center side of the detection surface 43. Have a distribution. Therefore, the generation of fogging from the peripheral portion of the heating unit is suppressed, and the generation of fogging can be further suppressed.

Further, the light transmissive film heater of the present embodiment has the first electrode 31 arranged on the heating portion 35 on the outer side in the radial direction around the center line of the detection surface 43. Further, the heating unit 35 has the second electrode 32 arranged so as to sandwich the detection surface 43 from both sides together with the first electrode 31. In addition, the heating unit 35 has a third electrode 33 arranged radially outside the detection surface 43 from the first electrode 31 side. Further, the heating section 35 has a fourth electrode 34 arranged radially outside the detection surface 43 from the second electrode 32 side.

The heating unit 35 also has a first heat generation region E1 that generates heat according to the potential difference between the first electrode 31 and the second electrode 32. Further, it has a second heat generation region E2 that generates heat according to the potential difference between the first electrode 31 and the third electrode 33. Further, it has a third heat generation region E3 that generates heat according to the potential difference between the second electrode 32 and the fourth electrode 34. Then, the heat generating portion heats the second heat generating area E2 and the third heat generating area E3 as outer areas.

According to such a configuration, the heat generating portion heats the second heat generating area E2 and the third heat generating area E3 as outer areas, so that generation of fogging from the peripheral portion of the heating portion 35 is suppressed, and more fogging occurs. Can be suppressed.

In the present embodiment, the same effect as that obtained from the configuration common to the first embodiment can be obtained similarly to the first embodiment.

(Third Embodiment)
The optical device 1 according to the third embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. In the optical device 1 of the second embodiment, the first electrode 31 to the fourth electrode 34 are arranged on the same plane. On the other hand, in the optical device 1 of the present embodiment, the first electrode 31 and the third electrode 33 are arranged at different positions in the thickness direction in the heating section 35, and the second electrode 32 and the fourth electrode 34 are further arranged. The heating units 35 are arranged at different positions in the thickness direction.

The heating unit 35 is formed in a thin plate shape that extends along the XY plane defined by the X axis and the Y axis. The heating unit 35 has a thickness in the Z-axis direction orthogonal to the XY plane.

A protective layer 36 is arranged on one surface of the heating unit 35, and a protective layer 37 is arranged on the opposite surface of the heating unit 35.

The first electrode 31 and the second electrode 32 are arranged on the surface of the heating unit 35 on the protective layer 37 side, and the third electrode 33 and the fourth electrode 34 are arranged on the surface of the heating unit 35 on the protective layer 36 side. Are arranged.

That is, the first electrode 31 and the second electrode 32 are arranged at the same position in the heating portion 35 in the thickness direction. The first electrode 31 and the third electrode 33 are arranged at different positions in the thickness direction of the heating section 35, and the second electrode 32 and the fourth electrode 34 are arranged at different positions of the heating section 35 in the thickness direction. Has been done.

The heat generating area that generates heat according to the potential difference between the first electrode 31 and the third electrode 33 and the heat generating area that generates heat according to the potential difference between the second electrode 32 and the fourth electrode 34 are the first The heat generation temperature is higher than the heat generation region that generates heat according to the potential difference between the electrode 31 and the second electrode 32.

Further, the light transmissive film heater of the present embodiment has the third electrode 33 arranged in the heating portion 35 on the outer side in the radial direction of the detection surface 43 from the first electrode 31 side. Further, the heating section 35 has a fourth electrode 34 arranged radially outside the detection surface 43 from the second electrode 32 side.

The heating unit 35 also has a first heat generation region E1 that generates heat according to the potential difference between the first electrode 31 and the second electrode 32. Further, it has a second heat generation region E2 that generates heat according to the potential difference between the first electrode 31 and the third electrode 33. Further, it has a third heat generation region E3 that generates heat according to the potential difference between the second electrode 32 and the fourth electrode 34.

Further, the first electrode 31 and the second electrode 32 are arranged at the same position in the thickness direction of the heating section 35. The first electrode 31 and the third electrode 33 are arranged at different positions in the thickness direction of the heating section 35, and the second electrode 32 and the fourth electrode 34 are arranged at different positions of the heating section 35 in the thickness direction. Has been done. Then, the heat generating portion heats the second heat generating area E2 and the third heat generating area E3 as outer areas.

Further, in the light transmissive film heater 30 of the present embodiment, the first electrode 31 and the third electrode 33 are arranged at different positions in the thickness direction in the heating section 35, and the second electrode 32 and the fourth electrode 34 are arranged. Are arranged at different positions in the heating portion 35 in the thickness direction. That is, each of the first electrode 31 to the fourth electrode is three-dimensionally arranged. Therefore, the space of the heating unit 35 can be saved.

(Fourth Embodiment)
The optical device 1 according to the fourth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. The optical device 1 according to the present embodiment includes the first electrode 31 to the fourth electrode 34, and the light-transmissive film heater 30 having the heating portion 35 extending in the XY plane direction.

Further, the third electrode 33 is arranged radially outside the detection surface 43 from the first electrode 31 side in the heating section 35. The fourth electrode 34 is arranged radially outward of the detection surface 43 with respect to the second electrode 32 side in the heating section 35. The first electrode 31 to the fourth electrode 34 each have an L shape.

The heating unit 35 has a first heating unit 351 that generates heat according to the potential difference between the first electrode 31 and the second electrode 32. Further, the heating unit 35 has a second heating unit 352 that generates heat according to the potential difference between the first electrode 31 and the third electrode 33. The heating unit 35 also includes a third heating unit 353 that generates heat according to the potential difference between the second electrode 32 and the fourth electrode 34. The second heating unit 352 and the third heating unit 353 each have an L shape. The second heating unit 352 and the third heating unit 353 form a U-shaped heating unit. The second heating unit 352 and the third heating unit 353 are arranged so as to surround the first heating unit 351. In addition, in FIG. 6, the 2nd heating part 352 and the 3rd heating part 353 are shown by hatching.

The first heating part 351, the second heating part 352, and the third heating part 353 are made of the same material.

According to this configuration, in the light-transmissive film heater 30, the temperature of the outer region of the heating unit 35, which is located radially outside the center line CL of the detection face 43, is greater than that of the outer region of the heating unit 35. The temperature distribution is higher than that of the region located on the center side of 43. Therefore, the generation of fogging from the peripheral portion of the heating unit 35 is suppressed, and the generation of fogging can be further suppressed.

The distance between the first electrode 31 and the third electrode 33 and the distance between the second electrode 32 and the fourth electrode 34 are smaller than the distance between the first electrode 31 and the second electrode 32, respectively. Is also getting shorter. Therefore, the amount of heat generated by the second heating unit 352 and the third heating unit 353 may become excessively large, which may cause a failure or the like.

Therefore, in the optical device 1, the resistance value of the second heating unit 352 viewed from the first electrode 31 and the third electrode 33 and the resistance value of the third heating unit 353 viewed from the second electrode 32 and the fourth electrode 34 are It is smaller than the resistance value of the first heating unit 351 viewed from the first electrode 31 and the second electrode 32.

Specifically, the lengths of the second heating part 352 and the third heating part 353 in the thickness direction are shorter than the lengths of the first heating part 351 in the thickness direction. Thereby, the resistance values of the second heating unit 352 and the third heating unit 353 are smaller than the resistance value of the first heating unit 351, and the heat generation amounts of the second heating unit 352 and the third heating unit 353 are suppressed.

(Fifth Embodiment)
The optical device 1 according to the fifth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 7. In the fourth embodiment, the resistance value of the second heating part 352 viewed from the first electrode 31 and the third electrode 33 and the resistance value of the third heating part 353 viewed from the second electrode 32 and the fourth electrode 34 are the first value. The resistance value of the first heating unit 351 as viewed from the electrode 31 and the second electrode 32 is made larger. Specifically, the lengths of the second heating unit 352 and the third heating unit 353 in the thickness direction are shorter than the lengths of the first heating unit 351 in the thickness direction.

On the other hand, in the optical device 1, the resistance value of the second heating unit 352 viewed from the first electrode 31 and the third electrode 33 and the resistance value of the third heating unit 353 viewed from the second electrode 32 and the fourth electrode 34 are , The resistance value of the first heating unit 351 as viewed from the first electrode 31 and the second electrode 32 is larger. Specifically, the second heating unit 352 and the third heating unit 353 are formed with

notches

3521 and 3531 for increasing the current path length of the current flowing through the second heating unit 352 and the third heating unit 353. ing.

Note that, in FIG. 7, the first electrode 31 to the fourth electrode 34, the second heating unit 352, and the third heating unit 353 are hatched. Moreover, the 1st heating part 351, the 2nd heating part 352, and the 3rd heating part 353 are comprised with the same material.

The optical device 1 of the present embodiment forms the film-shaped first heating unit 351, second heating unit 352, and third heating unit 353 of the same material. After that, the notch 3521 is formed in the second heating portion 352 and the notch 3531 is formed in the third heating portion 353 by laser processing. The notch 3521 and the notch 3531 are formed so as to extend in the X-axis direction.

The notch 3521 increases the resistance value of the second heating part 352 viewed from the first electrode 31 and the third electrode 33, and the notch 3531 increases the resistance value of the third heating part 353 viewed from the second electrode 32 and the fourth electrode 34. Grows larger.

Accordingly, the resistance value of the second heating unit 352 viewed from the first electrode 31 and the third electrode 33 and the resistance value of the third heating unit 353 viewed from the second electrode 32 and the fourth electrode 34 are the same as those of the first electrode 31 and the third electrode. It becomes larger than the resistance value of the first heating unit 351 viewed from the two electrodes 32. Then, the heat generation amounts of the second heating unit 352 and the third heating unit 353 are suppressed.

In the present embodiment, the notch 3521 and the notch 3531 are formed so as to extend in the X-axis direction, but the notch 3521 and the notch 3531 may be formed so as to be bent in a complicated manner like a corridor structure.

(Sixth Embodiment)
The optical device 1 according to the sixth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. In the optical device 1 according to the present embodiment, a high resistance high resistance heating portion 323 is formed on a part of the second electrode 32. That is, the second electrode 32 has a low resistance low resistance portion 321 and a high resistance high resistance heating portion 323. The low resistance portion 321 and the high resistance heating portion 323 are linear and are made of the same material. The line width of the high resistance heating part 323 is shorter than the line width of the low resistance part 321, and the cross-sectional area of the current path of the high resistance heating part 323 is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the current path of the low resistance part 321. Has become. As a result, the resistance value of the high resistance heating portion 323 is larger than the resistance value of the low resistance portion 321.

The high-resistance heat generating portion 323 is arranged in an outer region located radially outside of the first heat generating region E1 around the center line CL of the detection surface 43, and heats the outer region. That is, the high resistance heating part 323 which is a part of the second electrode 32 functions as a heater.

A predetermined voltage is applied between the first electrode 31 and the second electrode 32 of the transparent film heater 30 by the control unit 50, and the control unit 50 is configured via the first electrode 31 and the second electrode 32. When the transparent conductive film is energized, the heating part 35 generates heat. At this time, a current flows through the high resistance heating portion 323, and the high resistance heating portion 323 also generates heat. The low resistance part 321 does not generate heat. Further, when the controller 50 starts energizing the hot wire heater 38, the hot wire heater 38 also generates heat.

As described above, in the optical device of this embodiment, part of the second electrode 32 functions as a heater. As a result, the size can be reduced as compared with the case where the heater is configured by using another member.

In addition, in this embodiment, a part of the second electrode 32 is configured to function as a heater, but a part of the first electrode 31 may be configured to function as a heater. Moreover, you may comprise so that at least one part of the 1st electrode 31 and the 2nd electrode 32 may function as a heater.

(Seventh embodiment)
The optical device 1 according to the seventh embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. The optical device 1 of the present embodiment is different from the optical device 1 of the sixth embodiment in that the heat ray heater 38 is connected to the first electrode 31 and the second electrode 32. Another difference is that the portion of the high resistance heating portion 323 that functions as a heater in the second electrode 32 is arranged in a part of the periphery of the optical window 42 having light transparency.

The heat wire heater 38 is connected between the first electrode 31 and the second electrode 32. That is, the first electrode 31 is connected to one end of the heat ray heater 38, and the second electrode 32 is connected to the other end of the heat ray heater 38.

According to this, the connection portion for supplying a voltage to the first electrode 31 and the heat ray heater 38 can be made common, and the connection portion for supplying a voltage to the second electrode 32 and the heat ray heater 38 can be made common. The optical device can be downsized.

Further, a heat ray heater 38 as a heat generating portion is arranged so as to surround the periphery of the detection surface 43 except for a part of the periphery of the optical window 42 having light transparency. Further, in the second electrode 32, the portion of the high resistance heating portion 323 which functions as a heater is arranged in a part of the periphery of the optical window 42 having light transparency.

According to this, in the second electrode 32, the portion of the high resistance heating portion 323 functioning as a heater heats the portion where the heat ray heater 38 does not surround the optical window 42 having the light transmitting property, so that heating is performed. It is possible to further suppress the occurrence of fogging from the peripheral portion of the portion 35.

(Eighth Embodiment)
The optical device 1 according to the eighth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. In the optical device 1 of the present embodiment, the range in which the heating wire heater 38 surrounds the periphery of the detection surface 43 is larger than that of the optical device 1 of the first embodiment.

The hot wire heater 38 of the present embodiment is arranged so as to surround almost the entire detection surface 43. In addition, in the portion X where the heat ray heater 38 and the second electrode 32 intersect in FIG. 10, an insulating layer (not shown) is arranged between the heat ray heater 38 and the second electrode 32. The hot wire heater 38 and the second electrode 32 are insulated.

In this way, the heat ray heater 38 can be configured so as to surround almost the entire circumference of the detection surface 43.

(9th Embodiment)
The optical device 1 according to the ninth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. The optical device 1 of the present embodiment is different from the optical device 1 of the first embodiment in that the line width of the heat ray heater 38 differs depending on the location.

The hot wire heater 38 has a first line width portion 381 having a first electrode width and a second line width portion 382 having a second electrode width that is longer than the first electrode width. The first line width portion 381 and the second line width portion 382 are made of the same material.

Since the second line width part 382 has a larger heat capacity than the first line width part 381, the temperature around the second line width part 382 becomes higher than the temperature around the second line width part 382. That is, the second line width portion 382 functions as a heater. Therefore, by forming the second line width portion 382 in the low temperature region of the heating unit 35 and arranging the first line width portion 381 in the high temperature region of the heating unit 35, the temperature unevenness of the heating unit 35 can be achieved. Can be suppressed.

(10th Embodiment)
The optical device 1 according to the tenth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. The optical device 1 of the present embodiment differs from the optical device of the first embodiment in that the heat ray heater 38 is connected to the first electrode 31 and the second electrode 32, and the first electrode 31 and the second electrode 32. The structure of is different.

In addition, the first electrode 31 has a low resistance portion 311 formed of a low resistance material and a high resistance portion 312 formed of a high resistance material having a higher resistance than the low resistance material. .

The second electrode 32 has a low resistance portion 321 formed of a low resistance material and a high resistance portion 322 formed of a high resistance material having a higher resistance than the low resistance material. .

The high resistance portion 312 formed using the high resistance material of the first electrode 31 functions as a heater, and the high resistance portion 312 formed using the high resistance material of the 32nd electrode functions as a heater.

As described above, it is possible to configure the first electrode 31 and the second electrode 32 by using materials having different resistance values, and to make a portion configured by using a material having a large resistance value function as a heater.

(Other embodiments)
(1) In each of the above-described embodiments, the example in which the light-transmissive film heater 30 heats the detection surface of the optical window 42 of the camera 40 has been shown. On the other hand, for example, the window shield of the vehicle may be regarded as the optical window 42, and a predetermined region of the optical window 42 may be heated by the heating unit 35 of the light transmissive film heater 30.

(2) In the present embodiment, the optical device 1 including the camera 40 that captures an image around the vehicle has been described. For example, the optical device 1 including a distance sensor called LIDAR (Laser Imaging Detection and Ranging), It can also be configured as the optical device 1 including a security camera or the like.

(3) In each of the above-described embodiments, the heating portion 35 is arranged adjacent to the surface of the optical window 42 facing the sensor portion 41 and adjacent to the surface thereof, but adjacent to the surface of the optical window 42 facing the sensor portion 41. You may arrange the heating part 35.

(4) In each of the above-described embodiments, the distance between the first electrode 31 and the third electrode 33 is the same as the distance between the second electrode 32 and the fourth electrode 34. The distance between the third electrode 33 and the third electrode 33 may be different from the distance between the second electrode 32 and the fourth electrode 34.

(5) In the first embodiment, the first electrode 31 to the second electrode 32 each have a linear shape, and in the second to third embodiments, the first electrode 31 to the fourth electrode 34. , Each has a linear shape. On the other hand, the first electrode 31 to the second electrode 32 and the third electrode 33 to the fourth electrode 34 may have shapes other than the linear shape.

(6) In the fourth to fifth embodiments described above, the first heating part 351, the second heating part 352, and the third heating part 353 are made of the same material, but the second heating part 352 and the third heating part 353 are used. May be made of a material different from that of the first heating unit 351.

(7) In the first embodiment, when the control unit 50 determines that the detection surface 43 is fogged based on the image input from the camera 40, the first electrode 31 of the light transmissive film heater 30. A predetermined voltage was applied between the second electrode 32 and the second electrode 32 to start energizing the heat wire heater 38.

On the other hand, the control unit 50 detects the environmental conditions (temperature, humidity, radiation amount) on both sides or one side of the detection surface 43 and the temperature of the object to be heated, and the detection surface 43 is fogged based on the detected environmental conditions and temperature. You may make it calculate the conditions which occur. Then, when the condition for causing the fogging on the detection surface 43 is satisfied, a predetermined voltage is applied between the first electrode 31 and the second electrode 32 of the light transmissive film heater 30, and energization to the heat ray heater 38 is started. You may do it.

It should be noted that the present disclosure is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and can be modified as appropriate. Further, the above embodiments are not unrelated to each other, and can be appropriately combined unless a combination is obviously impossible. Further, in each of the above-mentioned embodiments, it is needless to say that the elements constituting the embodiment are not necessarily indispensable except when explicitly specified as being indispensable and when it is considered to be indispensable in principle. Yes. Further, in each of the above-mentioned embodiments, when numerical values such as the number of components, numerical values, amounts, ranges, etc. of the embodiments are mentioned, it is clearly limited to a particular number and in principle limited to a specific number. The number is not limited to the specific number, except in the case of being performed. Further, in each of the above-mentioned embodiments, when referring to the material, shape, positional relationship, etc. of the constituent elements, etc., unless specifically stated or in principle limited to a specific material, shape, positional relationship, etc. However, the material, shape, positional relationship, etc. are not limited.

(Summary)
According to the first aspect shown in part or all of each of the above-described embodiments, the optical device of the present embodiment includes a sensor unit that senses light that has passed through the light-transmissive detection surface. There is. Further, it is provided with a light-transmissive film heater having a heating portion which is arranged adjacent to the optical window having the detection surface and heats the optical window. Then, the light-transmissive film heater has a temperature of an outer region located radially outside with respect to the center line of the detection surface in the heating unit, as compared with a region located closer to the center of the detection surface than the outer region of the heating unit. It has a higher temperature distribution.

Further, according to the second aspect, the light transmissive film heater has the first electrode arranged radially outside the center line of the detection surface in the heating portion. Also, a second electrode is arranged in the heating unit so as to sandwich the detection surface from both sides together with the first electrode, and a third electrode is arranged in the heating unit radially outside the detection surface from the first electrode side. is doing. Further, the heating section has a fourth electrode arranged radially outside the detection surface with respect to the second electrode side.

The heating unit includes a first heating region that generates heat according to the potential difference between the first electrode and the second electrode, and a second heating region that generates heat according to the potential difference between the first electrode and the third electrode. And a third heat generation region that generates heat according to the potential difference between the second electrode and the fourth electrode. The heat generation temperatures of the second heat generation region and the third heat generation region are higher than the heat generation temperature of the first heat generation region.

Therefore, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of fogging from the peripheral portion of the heating section, and to further suppress the occurrence of fogging.

Also, according to the third aspect, the first electrode and the second electrode are arranged at the same position in the thickness direction in the heating section. The first electrode and the third electrode are arranged at different positions in the thickness direction in the heating section, and the second electrode and the fourth electrode are arranged at different positions in the thickness direction in the heating section.

The heat generating area that generates heat according to the potential difference between the first electrode and the third electrode and the heat generating area that generates heat according to the potential difference between the second electrode and the fourth electrode are the first electrode and the second electrode. The heat generation temperature is higher than the heat generation region that generates heat according to the potential difference between the electrodes.

That is, the first to fourth electrodes are three-dimensionally arranged. Therefore, it is possible to save space in the heating unit.

Further, according to the fourth aspect, the light transmissive film heater includes a heat wire heater that heats an outer area on the outer side in the radial direction around the center line of the detection surface.

In this way, the light-transmitting film heater can be provided with a heat ray heater that heats the outer area on the radially outer side of the center line of the detection surface.

Further, according to the fifth aspect, the light-transmitting film heater has the first electrode arranged radially outside the center line of the detection surface in the heating section.

Also, a second electrode is arranged in the heating unit so as to sandwich the detection surface from both sides together with the first electrode, and a third electrode is arranged in the heating unit radially outside the detection surface from the first electrode side. is doing. Further, the heating section has a fourth electrode arranged radially outside the detection surface with respect to the second electrode side.

The heating unit includes a first heating unit that generates heat according to a potential difference between the first electrode and the second electrode, and a second heating unit that generates heat according to a potential difference between the first electrode and the third electrode. And have.

Also, it has a third heating unit that generates heat according to the potential difference between the second electrode and the fourth electrode. The resistance value of the second heating part viewed from the first electrode and the third electrode and the resistance value of the third heating part viewed from the second electrode and the fourth electrode are the first heating part viewed from the first electrode and the second electrode. Is larger than the resistance value of.

With this, the resistance value of the second heating part and the third heating part becomes larger than the resistance value of the first heating part, and the heat generation amount of the second heating part and the third heating part can be suppressed.

According to a sixth aspect, the second heating part and the third heating part are made of the same material as the first heating part, and the lengths in the thickness direction of the second heating part and the third heating part are the same. Is shorter than the length of the first heating portion in the thickness direction.

With this, the resistance value of the second heating unit and the third heating unit becomes larger than the resistance value of the first heating unit 351, and the heat generation amount of the second heating unit 352 and the third heating unit can be suppressed.

Also, according to the seventh aspect, the second heating part and the third heating part are made of the same material as the first heating part. Further, at least one of the second heating section and the third heating section is provided with a notch for increasing the current path length of the current flowing through at least one of the second heating section and the third heating section.

As a result, the resistance value of the second heating part viewed from the first electrode and the third electrode and the resistance value of the third heating part viewed from the second electrode and the fourth electrode are the first heating value viewed from the first electrode and the second electrode. It becomes larger than the resistance value of the section, and the heat generation amount of the second heating section and the third heating section can be suppressed.

Also, according to the eighth aspect, the second heating part and the third heating part are made of a material different from that of the first heating part. In this way, the second heating part and the third heating part can be made of a material different from that of the first heating part.

Further, according to a ninth aspect, an optical device includes a light-transmitting film heater having a heating unit which is disposed adjacent to an optical window having light-transmitting properties and which heats the optical window, and a heating unit which heats a predetermined area. Is equipped with. Further, it is provided with a heat generating portion that heats a predetermined area. Further, the light transmissive film heater has a first electrode arranged radially outside the center line of a predetermined region of the optical window in the heating section. In addition, the heating unit has a second electrode arranged so as to sandwich a predetermined region of the optical window from both sides together with the first electrode. Further, the heating unit has a first heat generation region that generates heat according to the potential difference between the first electrode and the second electrode. Further, the heat generating portion heats an outer region located radially outside with respect to the center line of the predetermined region of the optical window.

Further, according to a tenth aspect, the light transmissive film heater includes a heat wire heater that heats an outer area radially outside of a center of a predetermined area of the optical window, and the heat generating portion is configured by the heat wire heater. There is. In this way, the heat generating portion can be configured by the hot wire heater.

Further, according to an eleventh aspect, the light transmissive film heater has a third electrode arranged radially outside of the first electrode side in the heating unit with a center line of a predetermined region of the optical window as a center. ing. Further, the heating section has a fourth electrode arranged radially outside of the second electrode side with respect to the center line of a predetermined region of the optical window. The heating unit has a first heat generation region and a second heat generation region that generates heat according to the potential difference between the first electrode and the third electrode. In addition, it has a third heat generation region that generates heat according to the potential difference between the second electrode and the fourth electrode. Then, the heat generating portion causes the second heat generating area and the third heat generating area to serve as outer areas to generate heat. In this way, the second heat generating region and the third heat generating region can be used as outer regions to generate heat.

Further, according to a twelfth aspect, the light transmissive film heater has a third electrode arranged radially outside of the first electrode side in the heating unit with a center line of a predetermined region of the optical window as a center. ing. Further, the heating section has a fourth electrode arranged radially outside of the second electrode side with respect to the center line of a predetermined region of the optical window. The heating unit has a first heat generation region and a second heat generation region that generates heat according to the potential difference between the first electrode and the third electrode. In addition, it has a third heat generation region that generates heat according to the potential difference between the second electrode and the fourth electrode. Then, the first electrode and the second electrode are arranged at the same position in the thickness direction in the heating part, and the first electrode and the third electrode are arranged in different positions in the thickness direction in the heating part, and the second electrode and The fourth electrode is arranged at a position different in the thickness direction in the heating section.

Further, according to a thirteenth aspect, the first electrode is connected to one end of the heat ray heater, and the second electrode is connected to the other end of the heat ray heater.

According to this, the connection part for supplying the voltage to the first electrode and the heat ray heater can be made common, and the connection part for supplying the voltage to the second electrode and the heat ray heater can be made to be common, so that the optical device can be realized. It can be miniaturized.

Further, according to the fourteenth aspect, at least a part of the first electrode and the second electrode functions as a heater. Therefore, as a result, the size can be reduced as compared with the case where the heater is configured by using another member.

Further, according to a fifteenth aspect, at least one of the first electrode and the second electrode is linear and has a first electrode width and a second electrode width shorter than the first electrode width. Have Then, of at least one of the first electrode and the second electrode, a portion having the second electrode width functions as a heater.

In this way, the electrode width of the electrode is shortened, and the portion with the shortened electrode width is made to function as a heater, so that the heater can be configured with a simple configuration and low cost can be realized.

Further, according to a sixteenth aspect, at least one of the first electrode and the second electrode is formed using a portion formed of a low resistance material and a high resistance material having a higher resistance than the low resistance material. It has a part Then, of at least one of the first electrode and the second electrode, a portion formed of a high resistance material functions as a heater.

As described above, since the material forming the electrodes has a high resistance to function as a heater, the heater can be configured with a simple configuration and low cost can be realized.

Further, according to a seventeenth aspect, the heat generating portion is arranged so as to surround the periphery of the detection surface except a part of the periphery of the predetermined region of the optical window, and at least one of the first electrode and the second electrode. A portion functioning as a heater is arranged around a part of a predetermined area of the optical window.

According to this, at least one of the first electrode and the second electrode has the heat generating portion arranged at a portion where the heat ray heater does not surround the periphery of the detection surface, so that fogging from the peripheral portion of the heating portion is prevented. It can be suppressed more.

Claims

A sensor section (41) for sensing light that has passed through a light-transmissive detection surface (43);
A light-transmissive film heater (30) having a heating part (35) arranged adjacent to the optical window (42) having the detection surface and heating the optical window,
In the light-transmissive film heater, the temperature of an outer region located radially outside the center line (CL) of the detection surface in the heating unit is greater than that of the outer region of the heating unit in the detection surface center. An optical device having a temperature distribution that is higher than the region located on the side.
The transparent film heater,
A first electrode (31) arranged radially outside of the heating section with the center line of the detection surface as a center;
A second electrode (32) arranged so as to sandwich the detection surface from both sides together with the first electrode in the heating section;
A third electrode (33) arranged radially outward of the detection surface from the first electrode side in the heating section;
A fourth electrode (34) arranged radially outward of the detection surface from the second electrode side in the heating section,
The heating unit is configured to generate a first heat generation region (E1) that generates heat according to a potential difference between the first electrode and the second electrode, and a potential difference between the first electrode and the third electrode. A second heat generating area (E2) that generates heat and a third heat generating area (E3) that generates heat according to a potential difference between the second electrode and the fourth electrode, and the second heat generating area and the second heat generating area The optical device according to claim 1, wherein the heat generation temperature of the third heat generation region is higher than the heat generation temperature of the first heat generation region.
The first electrode and the second electrode are arranged at the same position in the thickness direction of the heating unit,
The first electrode and the third electrode are arranged at different positions in the thickness direction of the heating section, and the second electrode and the fourth electrode are arranged at different positions of the heating section in the thickness direction. The optical device according to claim 2.
4. The optical device according to claim 1, wherein the light-transmissive film heater includes a heat ray heater (38) that heats the outer region radially outside with respect to a center line of the detection surface. apparatus.
The transparent film heater,
A first electrode (31) arranged radially outside of the heating section with the center line of the detection surface as a center;
A second electrode (32) arranged so as to sandwich the detection surface from both sides together with the first electrode in the heating section;
A third electrode (33) arranged radially outward of the detection surface from the first electrode side in the heating section;
A fourth electrode (34) arranged radially outward of the detection surface from the second electrode side in the heating section,
The heating unit is configured to generate heat according to a potential difference between the first electrode and the second electrode, and a first heating unit (351) that generates heat according to a potential difference between the first electrode and the third electrode. A second heating unit (352) that generates heat, and a third heating unit (353) that generates heat according to the potential difference between the second electrode and the fourth electrode, and the first electrode and the first electrode The resistance value of the second heating unit viewed from the three electrodes and the resistance value of the third heating unit viewed from the second electrode and the fourth electrode are the first heating unit viewed from the first electrode and the second electrode. The optical device according to claim 1, wherein the resistance value is larger than the resistance value.
The second heating unit and the third heating unit are made of the same material as the first heating unit, and the lengths in the thickness direction of the second heating unit and the third heating unit are the same as those of the first heating unit. The optical device according to claim 5, wherein the length is shorter than the length of the heating portion in the thickness direction.
The second heating unit and the third heating unit are made of the same material as the first heating unit, and at least one of the second heating unit and the third heating unit has the second heating unit and the third heating unit. The optical device according to claim 5, wherein notches (3521, 3531) for increasing a current path length of a current flowing through at least one of the third heating units are formed.
The optical device according to claim 5, wherein the second heating unit and the third heating unit are made of a material different from that of the first heating unit.
A light-transmissive film heater (30) having a heating part (35) disposed adjacent to the light-transmissive optical window (42) for heating the optical window, and a heat-generating part (38, E2) for generating heat in a predetermined area. , E3),
The transparent film heater,
A first electrode (31) arranged radially outside of a center line (CL) of a predetermined region of the optical window in the heating unit;
A second electrode (32) arranged so as to sandwich a predetermined region of the optical window from both sides together with the first electrode in the heating section,
The heating unit has a first heat generation region (E1) that generates heat according to a potential difference between the first electrode and the second electrode,
The heat generating unit is an optical device that heats an outer region located radially outside with respect to a center line of a predetermined region of the optical window.
The optical device according to claim 9, wherein the heat generating portion is configured by a heat ray heater.
The transparent film heater,
A third electrode (33) arranged radially outside of the first electrode side in the heating section with a center line of a predetermined region of the optical window as a center;
A fourth electrode (34) arranged radially outward from the second electrode side with respect to the center line of a predetermined region of the optical window in the heating unit;
The heating unit includes the first heating area (E1), a second heating area (E2) that generates heat according to a potential difference between the first electrode and the third electrode, the second electrode and the second heating area. A third heat generation region (E3) that generates heat according to the potential difference between the four electrodes,
The optical device according to claim 9, wherein the heat generating portion causes the second heat generating area (E2) and the third heat generating area (E3) to generate heat as the outer area.
The transparent film heater,
A third electrode (33) arranged radially outside of the first electrode side in the heating section with a center line of a predetermined region of the optical window as a center;
A fourth electrode (34) arranged radially outward from the second electrode side with respect to the center line of a predetermined region of the optical window in the heating unit;
The heating unit includes the first heating area (E1), a second heating area (E2) that generates heat according to a potential difference between the first electrode and the third electrode, the second electrode and the second heating area. A third heat generation region (E3) that generates heat according to the potential difference between the four electrodes,
The first electrode and the second electrode are arranged at the same position in the thickness direction of the heating unit,
The first electrode and the third electrode are arranged at different positions in the thickness direction of the heating section, and the second electrode and the fourth electrode are arranged at different positions of the heating section in the thickness direction. The optical device according to claim 9.
The hot wire heater has a linear shape,
The optical device according to claim 10, wherein the first electrode is connected to one end of the heat ray heater, and the second electrode is connected to the other end of the heat ray heater.
The optical device according to any one of claims 9 to 13, wherein at least a part of the first electrode and the second electrode functions as a heater.
At least one of the first electrode and the second electrode is linear and has a first electrode width and a second electrode width shorter than the first electrode width,
The optical device according to claim 14, wherein a portion having at least the second electrode width of at least one of the first electrode and the second electrode functions as the heater.
At least one of the first electrode and the second electrode has a portion formed using a low resistance material and a portion formed using a high resistance material having a higher resistance than the low resistance material,
The optical device according to claim 14, wherein at least one of the first electrode and the second electrode, a portion formed of the high resistance material functions as the heater.
The heat generating portion is arranged so as to surround a predetermined area of the optical window except a part of the circumference of the predetermined area of the optical window,
The optical device according to claim 14, wherein, of at least one of the first electrode and the second electrode, a portion functioning as the heater is arranged in a part of a periphery of a predetermined region of the optical window.