WO2020083329A1 - 一种电器组件 - Google Patents

一种电器组件 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020083329A1
WO2020083329A1 PCT/CN2019/112943 CN2019112943W WO2020083329A1 WO 2020083329 A1 WO2020083329 A1 WO 2020083329A1 CN 2019112943 W CN2019112943 W CN 2019112943W WO 2020083329 A1 WO2020083329 A1 WO 2020083329A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
contact
moving
electrical component
moving contact
component according
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/112943
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
南寅
孟令乾
张明亮
郭庆业
杨鼎臣
Original Assignee
首瑞（天津）电气设备有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Application filed by 首瑞（天津）电气设备有限公司 filed Critical 首瑞（天津）电气设备有限公司
Publication of WO2020083329A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020083329A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/12—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage
    • H01H1/14—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting
    • H01H1/24—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting with resilient mounting
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/58—Electric connections to or between contacts; Terminals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/54—Contact arrangements

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of low-voltage electrical appliances, in particular to an electrical appliance component.
  • Electrical components are an important part of the circuit structure. By controlling electrical components, switching, control, protection and detection of the circuit are realized. Electrical components including contactors and relays usually flow into the coil through current to generate a magnetic field and close the contacts. To control the load of electrical appliances. In electrical components, the contact distance is a more important parameter. The larger the contact distance, the longer the arc generated by the contact breaking, and the better the arc extinguishing effect of the product. At present, most of the contact components of electrical components adopt bridge double breakpoint and single breakpoint structures. The electrical components of bridge double breakpoint structure have reliable performance, but the cost is expensive and requires too much contact material, especially High-current electrical components (current> 32A), the contact material is generally silver alloy, the material cost is high.
  • the contacts of the common single-break electrical components generally have two types of direct-acting and rotating.
  • the direct-acting contact has the following two defects: one is that the contact distance is small and the arc extinguishing ability is poor; the other is that the contact distance is large enough and the arc extinguishing effect is good, but the distance that the contact needs to move Long, that is, the required electromagnetic opening distance is large, and the larger coil is required, the more electromagnetic coil material is needed, so that the electromagnetic coil material cost increases.
  • the rotating contact is generally driven by a rotating iron core.
  • the rotating iron core is usually provided on the side of the moving contact, which increases the width of the electrical component, resulting in a large volume of the electrical component and an increase in material cost.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an electrical component to increase the contact opening distance of the electrical component with a single breakpoint structure and enhance the arc extinguishing capability of the electrical component.
  • the present invention discloses an electrical component, which includes a housing and a contact assembly provided in the housing and a limiting structure relatively fixed to the housing.
  • the contact assembly includes: A contact, a moving contact, and a contact supporting part that provides support for the moving contact, the limit structure may be in contact with or separated from the moving contact, and the moving contact and the static contact After being disconnected, the moving contact moves linearly for a distance under the drive of the contact support portion and contacts the limit structure, under the joint action of the limit structure and the contact support portion Rotate.
  • the rotation angle of the moving contact is in the range of 5 to 45 °.
  • the electrical component further includes a conductive terminal block, and the movable contact is connected to the conductive terminal block through a soft connection wire.
  • the electrical component further includes a supporting structure
  • the supporting structure limits one end of the moving contact to close the moving contact and the static contact.
  • the electrical component further includes a conductive terminal block, and the moving contact is connected to the conductive terminal block through a soft connection wire;
  • the supporting structure is extended by the housing or the conductive terminal block.
  • the support structure is formed by extending the conductive terminal block, the end of the support structure in contact with the moving contact is formed with a first contact, and the moving contact is formed with the first contact The second contact point corresponding to the point.
  • the distance between the limit point where the limit structure can contact the movable contact and the support structure minus the thickness of the movable contact at the position of contact with the limit point is less than The minimum distance of linear movement at the connection between the moving contact and the contact support.
  • the contact supporting part includes an actuating part contacting the moving contact and an elastic component connected to a side of the moving contact away from the actuating part.
  • the elastic component includes a spring seat and a spring body, wherein one end of the spring seat is connected to the spring body, and the other end is connected to the moving contact.
  • connection fit between the moving contact and the spring seat is a curved fit.
  • the contact between the moving contact and the actuating part is a plane contact, a curved surface contact or a line contact.
  • the moving contact has a sheet-like structure, at least two bosses are formed on the contact supporting portion, and the at least two bosses form a gap for accommodating the moving contact.
  • the limit structure is formed of an elastic material or an inelastic material.
  • the limit structure is a cylindrical, strip or sheet structure.
  • the cross section of the limiting structure is circular, rectangular, trapezoidal, triangular, elliptical or irregular polygonal.
  • the electromagnetic component includes a coil, a static iron core, a movable iron core and a reverse spring, the movable iron core is fixedly connected to the contact support portion;
  • the reverse spring drives the moving iron core to move in the direction opposite to the first direction and exerts a force on the contact support portion.
  • the electrical component of the present invention is provided with a limit position structure, and the contact support part can drive the moving contact to move back and forth. During the movement of the moving contact, one end of the moving contact is stopped by the limit blocking effect of the limit structure and stops moving. When the moving contact continues to move under the driving of the electromagnetic component, the moving contact will rotate around its limited end, so that the distance between the other end of the moving contact and the static contact becomes larger, which can improve the arc extinguishing effect.
  • the electrical component of the present invention adopts a single breakpoint structure, which saves the cost of contacts, and can achieve a good arc extinguishing effect without increasing the cost of electromagnetic components and products, and increase the electrical life of electrical products.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of an electrical component of the present invention
  • Embodiment 2 shows a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 2 of an electrical component of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 3 of an electrical component of the present invention.
  • this embodiment discloses an electrical component.
  • the electrical component can be used as a contactor.
  • the electrical component includes a housing, a contact component disposed in the housing, and a limiting structure 130 relatively fixed to the housing.
  • the contact assembly includes a static contact 150, a moving contact 120, and a contact support portion that provides support for the moving contact.
  • the contact supporting part can drive the moving contact 120 to move, the limiting structure 130 can be in contact with or separated from the moving contact 120, and between the moving contact 120 and the static contact 150
  • the movable contact 120 moves linearly for a distance under the driving of the contact support portion and contacts the limit structure 130, where the limit structure 130 and the contact support common Rotate under action, that is, the limiting structure 130 limits one end of the moving contact 120 to rotate the moving contact 120 under the action of the contact support portion to cause the moving contact 120
  • the end disconnected from the static contact 150 is away from the static contact 150.
  • the housing may include a base, a base, and a face cover plate provided on the outside of the base and the base to provide support and protection to the internal contact assembly and the limit structure 130.
  • the housing may also adopt other structural forms, which is not limited in the present invention.
  • the contact supporting part can drive the movable contact 120 to move back and forth.
  • one end of the movable contact 120 is stopped by the limit blocking function of the limit structure 130 to stop moving, and the movable contact 120 is at the contact
  • the moving contact 120 will rotate around its limited end, so that the distance between the other end of the moving contact 120 and the static contact 150 becomes larger, which can improve the arc extinguishing effect and increase electrical appliances.
  • the electrical component of the invention adopts a single breakpoint structure, saves contact cost, and can achieve a good arc extinguishing effect. It solves the problem that the traditional single breakpoint electrical component needs to increase the electromagnetic opening distance, contact pressure, and electromagnetic The problem of increased cost of electromagnetic components and products caused by reaction force.
  • the rotation range of the movable contact 120 can be controlled by setting the position of the limit structure 130 and the movable range of the contact support, preferably, the rotation range of the movable contact 120 can be set to 5 to 45 °, so that the moving contact 120 and the static contact 150 have a sufficiently large contact distance, enhance the arc extinguishing effect when the moving contact 120 and the static contact 150 are disconnected, improve the electrical life of the product, more preferably ,
  • the rotation range of the movable contact 120 can be set between 10 and 20 ° to achieve a better arc extinguishing effect.
  • the electrical component may further include a conductive terminal 170 electrically connected to the external circuit.
  • the moving contact 120 may be connected to the The conductive terminal 170 is electrically connected to be electrically connected to an external circuit.
  • One end of the movable contact 120 corresponding to the limit structure 130 is welded to one end of the flexible connecting wire 140, and the other end of the flexible connecting wire 140 is connected to the conductive terminal block.
  • the flexible contact 140 does not generate an arc between the movable contact 120 and the terminal block, ensuring that the arc is only generated at the other end separated from the stationary contact 150, and only need to eliminate the movement
  • the arc where the contact 120 and the static contact 150 are disconnected can be safely disconnected.
  • the electrical component further includes a supporting structure 160 corresponding to the limiting structure 130.
  • the support structure 160 may support a limit to one end of the moving contact 120 to make the moving The contact 120 is closed with the static contact 150 by the action of the contact support.
  • the supporting structure 160 may be formed of an insulating material.
  • the supporting structure 160 may be formed by extending the housing.
  • the supporting structure 160 may be formed together with the housing by integral injection molding.
  • the The support structure 160 can also be formed first and then fixed with the housing, and can be flexibly set according to actual conditions, which is not limited in the present invention.
  • the limiting structure 130 includes a limiting point 131 that contacts the moving contact 120, and the moving contact 120 can reciprocate under the driving of the contact support, and then the moving contact
  • the action point on the head 120 subjected to the force can move within the range of movement, that is, the distance between the limit point where the limit structure 130 can contact the moving contact 120 and the support structure minus the movement
  • the thickness of the contact 120 at the contact position with the limit point is less than the minimum distance of linear movement at the connection point between the moving contact 120 and the contact support part, then the limit point 131 is at the moving contact
  • the mapping in the moving direction of the head 120 needs to be within the movable range.
  • the movable contact 120 can continue to move to cause the movable contact 120 to rotate around one end of the movable contact 120, increasing the opening of the movable contact 120 and the stationary contact 150 Distance, which can improve the arc extinguishing effect.
  • the support structure 160 includes a support point that contacts the moving contact 120, and the mapping of the support point in the moving direction of the moving contact 120 is preferably located in the movable range, so that the moving When the contact 120 and the static contact 150 are closed, the support structure 160 may support one end of the moving contact 120, and the moving contact 120 may continue to move to cause the moving contact 120 to rotate around the supported end of the moving contact 120 or not Rotating and directly contacting the static contact 150 promotes close contact between the moving contact 120 and the static contact 150, and improves the stability of the electrical work.
  • the contact supporting portion includes an actuating portion 110 that contacts the moving contact 120 and an elastic component connected to a side of the moving contact 120 that is away from the actuating portion 110,
  • the elastic component can apply contact pressure to the moving contact 120 to cause the moving contact 120 to move closer to the static contact.
  • the contact between the movable contact 120 and the surface of the actuating portion 110 may be planar contact, curved surface contact or linear contact, and the space formed between the movable contact 120 and the actuating portion 110 and the elastic component may be For the clearance fit or the transition fit, the support function of the contact support part to the moving contact is realized.
  • the elastic component may include a spring seat 190 and a spring body 180, wherein one end of the spring seat 190 is connected to the spring body 180, and the other end is connected to the moving contact 120.
  • the connection and mating surface between the moving contact 120 and the spring seat 190 may be a curved surface fit, such as a circular arc surface and a spherical surface to achieve a rotatable connection between the spring seat 190 and the moving contact 120.
  • the electrical component may include an electromagnetic component that moves the contact support, so that the contact support may further drive the contact 120 to move.
  • the electromagnetic component may include a coil, a static iron core, a moving iron core, and a reverse spring.
  • the static iron core and the coil may be relatively fixed to the housing, and the movable iron core is relatively fixed to the movable contact 120. Then, when current is applied to the coil, the moving iron core moves relative to the static iron core under the action of the magnetic field with the static iron core, and the moving iron core can move the contact support part to move relatively fixed to the moving iron core
  • the contact 120 moves to realize the closing or opening of the moving contact 120 and the stationary contact 150.
  • the movable contact 120 may be formed with a movable contact for contacting with the stationary contact 150.
  • the stationary contact 150 may be formed with a contact capable of correspondingly contacting the movable contact Static contact to achieve good electrical contact between the static contact 150 and the moving contact 120 to ensure the stable operation of the electrical appliance.
  • the surface of the stationary contact 150 and the movable contact 120 may be set to have a certain slope, and the slope range is preferably 0-10 ° relative to the horizontal plane.
  • the stationary contact The angle between 150 and the horizontal plane is 10 °, which can form an optimal angle when the contact is disconnected from the arc, and it can transfer and extinguish the arc more quickly.
  • the limiting structure 130 is relatively fixed to the housing to define the position of the moving contact 120.
  • the limiting structure 130 and the housing may be integrally formed, or may be formed first and then fixed to the housing, such as limiting
  • the bit structure 130 can be fixed to the housing by means of screws, snaps, inlays, bonding, or welding, which is not limited in the present invention.
  • the limiting structure 130 may be an elastic member formed by materials such as shrapnel and rubber rod, or may be an inelastic member formed by materials such as plastic or metal.
  • the limiting structure 130 may adopt a strip structure or a cylindrical structure fixed at one end to the housing.
  • the strip structure or the cylindrical structure may be a structure with a narrow upper and lower width, or a structure with an equal upper and lower width.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the structure 130 may be a circular, rectangular, triangular, or irregular polygonal shape, as long as it can interfere with the moving contact 120, which is not limited herein.
  • the surface of the limiting structure 130 contacting the movable contact 120 has a certain slope, and the slope range is approximately the same as the angular range of the rotation of the movable contact 120, so as to reduce the contact surface Friction loss improves service life.
  • the electrical component of this embodiment includes two processes during operation, one of which is the disconnection process of the moving contact and the static contact, see FIG. 1, the current on the coil of the electromagnetic component is disconnected, the static iron core and the moving iron The electromagnetic force between the cores disappears, and the moving iron core moves upward under the elastic force of the reaction spring.
  • the moving iron core moves the actuating part 110, and the actuating part 110 contacts the moving contact 120, and the actuating part 110 drives The movable contact 120 moves upward and breaks contact with the stationary contact 150.
  • the movable contact 120 After the linear movement of the movable contact 120 is driven by the contact support part for a certain distance, one end of the movable contact 120 reaches the limit structure 130, the movable contact 120 continues to move, and the end of the movable contact 120 and the limit structure 130 limit The contact point 131 contacts, so that one end of the moving contact 120 is limited to the limit point 131, and the actuating portion 110 continues to drive the moving contact 120 to move, the two ends of the moving contact 120 are imbalanced and the moving contact 120 rotates away from the static contact 150, so that the distance between the other end of the moving contact 120 and the static contact 150 is increased, which can effectively extinguish the arc.
  • the other process is the closing process of the moving contact and the static contact.
  • an electromagnetic force is formed between the static iron core and the moving iron core, and the moving iron core moves downward.
  • the actuating portion 110 is driven to move downward, and under the joint action of the elastic component, the moving contact 120 moves linearly downward.
  • the moving contact 120 reaches the limiting structure, the limiting structure 130 no longer plays a limiting role, the moving contact 120 continues to move downward, and the direction of the moving contact 120 gradually changes to the horizontal direction.
  • the moving contact 120 When one end of the moving contact 120 reaches the supporting structure 160, the moving contact 120 continues to move downward, and one end of the moving contact 120 contacts the supporting point of the supporting structure 160, so that one end of the moving contact 120 is limited to the supporting point. Then, the two ends of the movable contact 120 are unevenly stressed, so that the movable contact 120 rotates toward the stationary contact 150 until it contacts and closes with the stationary contact 150.
  • the moving iron core can move further downward until the supporting surface of the actuating portion 110 leaves the moving contact 120, and the two form a gap, the actuating portion 110 overtravels, and the moving contact 120 and the static contact 150 are closed.
  • this embodiment discloses another electrical component.
  • the electrical component in this embodiment can be used as a contactor.
  • the electrical component includes a support structure 260 corresponding to the limit structure.
  • the supporting structure 260 can limit one end of the moving contact 220 so that the moving contact 220 is at the contact
  • the static contact 250 is closed by the supporting part.
  • the electrical component in order to achieve the electrical connection between the moving contact 220 and the external circuit, the electrical component further includes a conductive terminal 270 electrically connected to the external circuit, and the moving contact 220 may be connected to the conductive wiring through a flexible connection 240
  • the base 270 is electrically connected to electrically connect with an external circuit.
  • the support structure 260 is extended by the conductive terminal 270.
  • the conductive socket 270 is horizontally arranged, and the conductive socket 270 may include a horizontal body portion and a support structure 260 extending vertically from the edge of the body portion relative to the body portion.
  • the conductive terminal block 270 of this embodiment when the contacts of the static contact 250 and the moving contact 220 are closed, the supporting structure 260 is in contact with the moving contact 220, and the supporting structure 260 can be shared with the flexible connecting wire 240 Part of the current, the advantage of this design is that in the process of product pull-in, according to the principle of shunting of the soft connection line 240 and the support structure 260, the diameter of the soft connection line 240 is reduced, so that the flexible connection line 240 is more flexible and improves Mechanical life.
  • the supporting structure 260 is separated from the moving contact 220, an end of the static contact 250 and the moving contact 220 contacting generates an arc, and the supporting structure At 260, the end contacting with the moving contact 220 does not generate an arc.
  • the other structures in this embodiment are similar to the structures of the electrical components in the first embodiment, and will not be repeated here.
  • this embodiment discloses another electrical component.
  • the electrical component in this embodiment can be used as an electromagnetic relay, specifically, as a magnetic holding relay.
  • the electrical component of this embodiment includes a contact component, an electromagnetic component, and a limiting structure 330.
  • the contact assembly includes a static contact 350, a moving contact 320, and a contact support 310 that supports the moving contact, and the contact support 310 is further connected to an electromagnetic component.
  • the contact supporting part 310 can move under the force of the electromagnetic component and drive the moving contact 320 to move, and the limiting structure 330 limits one end of the moving contact 320 to make the moving contact
  • the head 320 is rotated away from the static contact 350 by the contact support 310.
  • the electrical component further includes a support structure 360 corresponding to the limit structure 330. When the moving contact 320 moves toward the static contact 350 under the force of the contact supporting part 310, the supporting structure 360 may limit one end of the moving contact 320 to make the moving The contact 320 is closed with the static contact 350 by the contact support
  • the electromagnetic component can drive the contact support 310 and the moving contact 320 to move back and forth under the change of the external input current.
  • one end of the moving contact 320 is restricted by the limit structure 330
  • the moving contact 320 will rotate around its limited end, so that the other end of the moving contact 320 and the static contact 350
  • the larger opening distance can improve the arc extinguishing effect and increase the electrical life of electrical products.
  • the electrical component of the invention adopts a single breakpoint structure, saves contact cost, and can achieve a good arc extinguishing effect. It solves the problem that the traditional single breakpoint electrical component needs to increase the electromagnetic opening distance, contact pressure, and electromagnetic The problem of increased cost of electromagnetic components and products caused by reaction force.
  • a gap for accommodating the moving contact 320 is formed on the contact supporting part 310.
  • two cylindrical bosses 311 as in this embodiment may be formed on the contact supporting part 310, and a gap for accommodating the moving contact 320 may be formed between the two cylindrical bosses 311, and a cylindrical boss is used 311 forms a gap, which can also facilitate the rotation of the movable contact 320 and reduce the wear of the movable contact 320.
  • actuation parts of other structures may also be used, as long as a gap that can accommodate the movable contact 320 is formed, which is not limited in the present invention.
  • the movable contact 320 may be formed of an elastic material, and the shape of the movable contact 320 is preferably a sheet-like structure that is prone to elastic deformation.
  • the contact supporting part 310 of this embodiment does not need to be provided with an elastic component.
  • the contact supporting part 310 and the moving contact 320 adopt a transitional cooperation.
  • the source of force for applying contact pressure to the moving contact 320 is the deformation of the moving contact 320 itself.
  • the electrical component further includes a conductive terminal 370 electrically connected to the external circuit.
  • the moving contact 320 may be electrically connected to the conductive terminal 370 through a flexible connection line 340 to Electrically connected to external circuits.
  • one end of the movable contact 320 corresponding to the static contact 350 is welded to one end of the flexible connection wire 340, the other end of the flexible connection wire 340 is connected to the conductive terminal 370, and when the movable contact 320 and the stationary contact 350 are closed , The conductive contact 320 and the terminal block 370 are electrically conductive through the flexible connecting wire 340.
  • the flexible contact line 340 does not generate an arc between the movable contact 320 and the terminal block 370, and the arc is only generated between the movable contact 320 and the stationary contact 350, and only needs to be eliminated
  • the arc between the moving contact 320 and the static contact 350 can be safely disconnected.
  • one end of the soft connecting wire 340 may also be welded and fixed to the end of the limiting structure 330 corresponding to the moving contact 320, so as to realize the electrical connection between the moving contact 320 and the conductive terminal 370 connection.
  • the electrical component of this embodiment also includes two processes during operation, one of which is the disconnection process of the moving contact and the static contact, see FIG. 3, a positive pulse voltage is applied to the coil of the electromagnetic component, and the moving iron core Under the positive suction force, the moving iron core drives the contact 320 supporting part 310 to move, and the movement of the contact supporting part 310 drives the contact 320 to move upward.
  • the moving contact 320 When the moving contact 320 reaches the limit structure 330, one end of the moving contact 320 corresponding to the limit structure 330 is against the limit point 331 on the limit structure 330, the moving contact 320 is blocked by the limit structure 330, and the contact supports When the part 310 drives the moving contact 320 to continue to move, the two ends of the moving contact 320 are unbalanced, and the moving contact 320 rotates away from the static contact 350, and the end of the moving contact 320 away from the limit structure 330 and the static The contact 350 is disconnected, and the contact distance is increased to improve the arc extinguishing ability.
  • the other process is the closing process of moving and stationary contacts. Referring again to FIG.
  • a reverse pulse voltage is applied to the coil of the electromagnetic component, and the moving iron core is subjected to reverse suction.
  • the moving iron core drives the contact 320 support 310 to move, and the movement of the contact support 310 drives the contact 320 downward Movement, the moving contact 320 gradually changes from the direction of rotation to the horizontal direction.
  • the contact supporting part 310 continues to drive the moving contact 320 downward, one end of the moving contact 320 is blocked and supported by the support structure 360, the contact supporting part 310 continues to run downward, and the center of the moving contact 320 is pulled downward to deform, resulting in With the contact pressure, the movable contact 320 and the stationary contact 350 complete the closed state.
  • the other structures in this embodiment are similar to the structures of the electrical components in the first embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

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  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)

Abstract

一种电器组件，包括壳体及设置于壳体中的触头组件以及与壳体相对固定的限位结构（130），触头组件包括：静触头（150）、动触头（120）和为动触头（120）提供支持的触头支持部，限位结构（130）可与动触头（120）相接触或分离，在动触头（120）和静触头（150）断开后，动触头（120）在触头支持部的带动下直线运动一段距离后和限位结构（130）相接触，在限位结构（130）与触头支持部共同的作用下进行转动，这样可提高单断点结构电器组件的触头开距，提升电器组件的灭弧能力。

Description

一种电器组件
本申请要求2018年10月24日递交的申请号为201811243721.X、发明名称为“一种电器组件”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及低压电器技术领域，尤其涉及一种电器组件。
背景技术
电器组件是电路结构中的重要组成部分，通过控制电器组件，实现对电路的切换、控制、保护和检测，电器组件包括接触器和继电器等通常通过电流流入线圈以产生磁场，使触头闭合，以控制负载的电器。在电器组件中，触头开距是比较重要的一个参数，触头开距越大，触头分断产生的电弧被拉的越长，产品的灭弧效果越好。目前的电器组件的触头组成大多采用桥式双断点和单断点两种结构，桥式双断点结构的电器组件性能可靠，但是造价昂贵，需要耗费过多的触点材料，特别是大电流的电器组件(电流＞32A)，触点材料一般为银合金，材料成本高。而对于单断点电器组件，在接触的触头上可分别只设置一个触点，降低了材料成本。目前常见的单断点电器组件的触头一般有直动式和转动式两种。其中，直动式触头存在以下两种缺陷：一种是触头开距小，灭弧能力差；另一种是触头开距足够大，灭弧效果好，但是需要触头移动的距离长，即需要的电磁开距大，需要更大的线圈，则需要更多的电磁线圈材料，从而电磁线圈材料成本增加。转动式触头一般由转动式铁芯驱动，转动式铁芯通常设置在动触头的一侧，增加了电器组件的宽度，导致电器组件体积大，材料成本增加。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种电器组件，以提高单断点结构电器组件的触头开距，提升电器组件的灭弧能力。
为了达到以上目的，本发明公开了一种电器组件，包括壳体及设置于所述壳体中的触头组件以及与所述壳体相对固定的限位结构，所述触头组件包括：静触头、动触头和为所述动触头提供支持的触头支持部，所述限位结构可与所述动触头相接触或分离，在所述动触头和所述静触头断开后，所述动触头在所述触头支持部的带动下直线运动一段 距离后和所述限位结构相接触，在所述限位结构与所述触头支持部共同的作用下进行转动。
优选地，所述动触头转动的角度范围为5～45°。
优选地，所述电器组件还包括导电接线座，所述动触头通过软连接线与所述导电接线座连接。
优选地，所述电器组件还包括支撑结构；
所述动触头朝向所述静触头移动时，所述支撑结构对所述动触头的一端限位以使所述动触头与所述静触头闭合。
优选地，所述电器组件还包括导电接线座，所述动触头通过软连接线与所述导电接线座连接；
所述支撑结构由所述壳体或者所述导电接线座延伸形成。
优选地，所述支撑结构由所述导电接线座延伸形成，所述支撑结构与所述动触头接触的一端形成有第一触点，所述动触头上形成有与所述第一触点对应的第二触点。
优选地，所述限位结构可与所述动触头接触的限位点与所述支撑结构之间的距离减去所述动触头在与所述限位点接触位置处的厚度，小于所述动触头与所述触头支持部连接处直线运动的最小距离。
优选地，所述触头支持部包括与所述动触头接触的致动部以及与所述动触头远离所述致动部的一侧连接的弹性组件。
优选地，所述弹性组件包括弹簧座和弹簧本体，其中所述弹簧座的一端与所述弹簧本体连接，另一端与所述动触头连接。
优选地，所述动触头与所述弹簧座间的连接配合为曲面配合。
优选地，所述动触头与所述致动部的接触为平面接触、曲面接触或线接触。
优选地，所述动触头为片状结构，所述触头支持部上形成有至少两个凸台，所述至少两个凸台形成容纳所述动触头的间隙。
优选地，所述限位结构由弹性材料或非弹性材料形成。
优选地，所述限位结构为圆柱状、条状或片状结构。
优选地，所述限位结构的截面为圆形、矩形、梯形、三角形、椭圆形或不规则多边形。
优选地，还包括设于所述壳体内的电磁组件，所述电磁组件包括线圈、静铁芯、动铁芯和反向弹簧，所述动铁芯与所述触头支持部固定连接；
所述线圈中通有电流时，所述动铁芯向第一方向移动并对所述触头支持部形成力的作用；
所述线圈中电流断开时，所述反向弹簧带动所述动铁芯向第一方向的相反方向移动并对所述触头支持部形成力的作用。
本发明的电器组件中设置有限位结构，触头支持部可带动动触头往返移动，动触头在移动过程中，动触头的一端受到限位结构的限位阻挡作用而停止移动，而动触头在电磁组件的带动下继续移动时，动触头会绕其被限位的一端转动，从而动触头的另一端与静触头的开距变大，可提升灭弧效果。本发明的电器组件采用单断点结构，节省触头成本，无需增加电磁组件和产品成本即可达到良好的灭弧效果，增加电器产品的电寿命。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1示出本发明一种电器组件实施例一的结构示意图；
图2示出本发明一种电器组件实施例二的结构示意图；
图3示出本发明一种电器组件实施例三的结构示意图。
附图标记：
110、致动部，120、动触头，130、限位结构，131、限位点，140、软连接线，150、静触头，160、支撑结构，170、导电接线座，180、弹簧本体，190、弹簧座；
220、动触头，240、软连接线，250、静触头，260、支撑结构，270，导电接线座；
310、触头支持部，311、凸台，320、动触头，330、限位结构，331、限位点，340、软连接线，350、静触头，360、支撑结构，370、导电接线座。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例一
如图1所示，本实施例公开了一种电器组件。本实施例中，该电器组件可用作接触器。电器组件包括壳体以及设置于所述壳体中的触头组件以及与所述壳体相对固定的限位结构130。其中，触头组件包括静触头150、动触头120和为所述动触头提供支持的触头支持部。所述触头支持部可带动所述动触头120移动，所述限位结构130可与所述动触头120相接触或分离，且在所述动触头120和所述静触头150断开后，所述动触头120在所述触头支持部的带动下直线运动一段距离后和所述限位结构130相接触，在所述限位结构130与所述触头支持共同的作用下进行转动，即所述限位结构130对所述动触头120的一端限位以使所述动触头120在所述触头支持部的作用下转动以使所述动触头120与所述静触头150断开的一端远离所述静触头150。其中，为了便于加工，所述壳体可包括底座、基座以及设于底座和基座外侧的面盖板，以对内部的触头组件和限位结构130提供支撑和保护，当然，在实际应用中，壳体也可采用其他结构形式，本发明对此并不作限定。
触头支持部可带动动触头120往返移动，动触头120在移动过程中，动触头120的一端受到限位结构130的限位阻挡作用而停止移动，而动触头120在触头支持部的带动下继续移动时，动触头120会绕其被限位的一端转动，从而动触头120的另一端与静触头150的开距变大，可提升灭弧效果，增加电器产品的电寿命。本发明的电器组件采用单断点结构，节省触头成本，并可达到良好的灭弧效果，解决了传统单断点电器组件为了提升灭弧效果，需提高电磁开距、触头压力、电磁反力等导致的电磁组件和产品成本的增加的问题。
在优选的实施方式中，通过设置限位结构130的位置与触头支持部的可移动范围可控制动触头120的转动范围，优选地，动触头120的转动范围可设置为5～45°，以使动触头120与静触头150间具有足够大的触头开距，增强动触头120与静触头150断开时的灭弧效果，提高产品的电寿命，更优选地，可将动触头120的转动范围可设置为10～20°间，以达到更好的灭弧效果。
在可选的实施方式中，为了实现动触头120与外部电路的电连接，电器组件可进一步包括与外部电路电连接的导电接线座170，所述动触头120可通过软连接线140与所述导电接线座170电连接以与外部电路电连接。动触头120对应限位结构130的一端与软连接线140的一端焊接，软连接线140的另一端与导电接线座连接，动触头120和静触头150闭合时，动触头120与接线座之间通过软连接线140导电。动触头120和静触 头150打开时，动触头120与接线座之间由于软连接线140连接不产生电弧，保证电弧只在与静触头150分开的另一端产生，仅需消除动触头120与静触头150断开处的电弧即可实现安全断开。
作为一种优选的实施方式，本实施例中，所述电器组件还包括与所述限位结构130对应设置的支撑结构160。所述动触头120在所述触头支持部的力作用下朝向所述静触头150移动时，所述支撑结构160可对所述动触头120的一端支撑限位以使所述动触头120在触头支持部的带动作用下与所述静触头150闭合。可选地，该支撑结构160可由绝缘材料形成，为了节省工艺和提高结构稳定性，该支撑结构160可由壳体延伸形成，例如支撑结构160可通过一体注塑形式与壳体一同成型，当然，该支撑结构160也可先成型后再与壳体固定，可根据实际情况灵活设置，本发明对此并不作限定。
在优选的实施方式中，所述限位结构130上包括与所述动触头120接触的限位点131，动触头120在触头支持部的带动下可往复运动，则所述动触头120上受到力作用的作用点可在移动范围内移动，即所述限位结构130可与所述动触头120接触的限位点与所述支撑结构之间的距离减去所述动触头120在与所述限位点接触位置处的厚度，小于所述动触头120与所述触头支持部连接处直线运动的最小距离，则所述限位点131在所述动触头120移动方向上的映射需位于所述可移动范围内。动触头120的一端被限位结构130限位后，动触头120能够继续移动以促使动触头120围绕动触头120的一端转动，增大动触头120与静触头150的开距，从而能够提高灭弧效果。对应的，所述支撑结构160包括与所述动触头120接触的支撑点，所述支撑点在所述动触头120移动方向上的映射优选的位于所述可移动范围内，以使动触头120与静触头150闭合时，支撑结构160可对动触头120的一端形成支撑，动触头120能够继续移动以促使动触头120围绕动触头120受到支撑的一端转动或不转动而直接与静触头150接触，促使动触头120与静触头150紧密接触，提高电器工作的稳定性。
在优选的实施方式中，所述触头支持部包括与所述动触头120接触的致动部110以及与所述动触头120远离所述致动部110的一侧连接的弹性组件，该弹性组件可向动触头120施加触头压力，以促使动触头120向靠近静触头的方向移动。其中，所述动触头120与所述致动部110表面的接触可以为平面接触、曲面接触或线接触，所述动触头120与所述致动部110和弹性组件间形成的空间可为间隙配合或过渡配合，实现触头支持部对动触头的支持作用。
其中，在优选的实施方式中，所述弹性组件可包括弹簧座190和弹簧本体180，其中所述弹簧座190的一端与所述弹簧本体180连接，另一端与所述动触头120连接。更优选地，所述动触头120与所述弹簧座190间的连接配合表面可为曲面配合，例如圆弧面和球面配合，以实现弹簧座190与动触头120间的可转动连接。
在优选的实施方式中，电器组件可包括带动触头支持部运动的电磁组件，以使触头支持部可进一步带动动触头120运动。所述电磁组件可包括线圈、静铁芯、动铁芯和反向弹簧。其中所述静铁芯和所述线圈可与壳体相对固定设置，所述动铁芯与所述动触头120相对固定。则在线圈中通有电流时，所述动铁芯在与静铁芯的磁场作用下相对于静铁芯运动，动铁芯移动可带动触头支持部运动从而带动与动铁芯相对固定的动触头120移动以实现所述动触头120与所述静触头150的闭合或断开。所述线圈中的电流断开时，动铁芯上的磁场力消失，所述反向弹簧带动动铁芯向相反方向移动，动铁芯移动带动触头支持部运动从而带动所述动触头120反向移动，以使所述动触头120与所述静触头150的接触状态改变。
在可选的实施方式中，动触头120上可形成有用于与所述静触头150接触的动触点，对应的，静触头150上可形成可与所述动触点对应接触的静触点，以实现静触头150和动触头120的良好电接触，保证电器的稳定工作。
在优选的实施方式中，静触头150与动触头120接触的表面可设置为具有一定的斜度，斜度范围优选为相对于水平面0-10°，在本实施例中，静触头150与水平面呈10°夹角，可在触头断开喷弧时形成一个最优的角度，较快速的转移和灭掉电弧。
需要说明的是，限位结构130与壳体相对固定以限定动触头120的位置，该限位结构130与壳体可以是一体成型，也可以是先成型后再与壳体固定，例如限位结构130可通过螺丝、卡扣、镶嵌、粘接或焊接的方式与所述壳体相固定，本发明对此并不作限定。限位结构130可以是如弹片、橡胶棒等材料形成的弹性件，也可以是如塑料件、金属件等材料形成的非弹性件。
限位结构130可以采用一端固定在壳体上的条状结构或圆柱型结构，所述条状结构或圆柱型结构可以为上窄下宽的结构，也可以是上下宽度相等的结构，限位结构130的截面形状可以为圆形、矩形、三角形或不规则多边形等形状，只要能与动触头120相抵触即可，在此不做限定。优选的，在所述限位结构130与所述动触头120相接触的面具有一定的斜度，斜度范围与动触头120转动的角度范围大致相同，以便减少接触时对接触面的摩擦损耗，提高使用寿命。
本实施例的电器组件在工作时包括两个过程，其中一个过程是动触点和静触点的断开过程，参见图1，电磁组件的线圈上的电流断开，静铁芯与动铁芯间的电磁作用力消失，动铁芯在反力弹簧的弹力作用下向上运动，动铁芯运动带动致动部110运动，而致动部110与动触头120接触，致动部110带动动触头120向上移动并与静触头150断开接触。动触头120在触头支持部带动下直线运动一段距离后，动触头120的一端到达限位结构130处，动触头120继续移动，动触头120的一端与限位结构130的限位点131接触，使动触头120的一端限位于限位点131处，而致动部110继续带动动触头120移动，则动触头120的两端受力不均衡而使动触头120向远离静触头150方向转动，使动触头120的另一端与静触头150的开距拉大，能够有效消灭电弧。
另一个过程是动触点和静触点的闭合过程，再次参见图1，电磁组件的线圈上的通入电流，静铁芯与动铁芯间形成电磁作用力，动铁芯向下运动，带动致动部110向下运动，在弹性组件的共同作用下，动触头120向下直线运动。当动触头120到达限定结构时，限位结构130不再起限位作用，动触头120继续向下移动，动触头120的方向逐渐变为水平方向。当动触头120的一端到达支撑结构160时，动触头120继续向下移动，动触头120的一端与支撑结构160的支撑点接触，使动触头120的一端限位于支撑点处，则动触头120的两端受力不均衡而使动触头120向靠近静触头150方向转动直至与静触头150接触闭合。动铁芯可进一步向下运动，直到致动部110的支持面离开动触头120，二者形成间隙，致动部110超行程，动触头120与静触头150完成闭合。
实施例二
如图2所示，本实施例公开了另一种电器组件。本实施例中的电器组件可用作接触器。本实施例中，电器组件包括与限位结构对应设置的支撑结构260。动触头220在触头支持部的作用下朝向所述静触头250移动时，所述支撑结构260可对所述动触头220的一端限位以使所述动触头220在触头支持部的作用下与所述静触头250闭合。
本实施例中，为了实现动触头220与外部电路的电连接，电器组件进一步包括与外部电路电连接的导电接线座270，所述动触头220可通过软连接线240与所述导电接线座270电连接以与外部电路电连接。
本实施例中，所述支撑结构260由所述导电接线座270延伸形成。参见图2，优选的，导电接线座270水平设置，导电接线座270可包括水平的本体部和由所述本体部边缘相对于所述本体部垂直延伸的支撑结构260。采用本实施例的导电接线座270，当静触头250和动触头220触头闭合时，所述支撑结构260与所述动触头220相接触，支撑结 构260可以与软连接线240分担一部分电流，这样设计的好处是可以在产品吸合的过程中，按照软连接线240和支撑结构260分流原理，减小软连接线240的线径，使软连接线240活动更灵活，提高其机械寿命。当静触头250和动触头220分离时，所述支撑结构260与所述动触头220相分离，所述静触头250和动触头220接触的一端产生电弧，而所述支撑结构260与所述动触头220相接触的一端则不产生电弧。本实施例中的其他结构与实施例一中的电器组件的结构类似，在此不再赘述。
实施例三
如图3所示，本实施例公开了再一种电器组件。本实施例中的电器组件可用作电磁继电器，具体的，可用作磁保持继电器。本实施例的电器组件包括触头组件、电磁组件和限位结构330。触头组件包括静触头350、动触头320和为所述动触头提供支持的触头支持部310，触头支持部310进一步与电磁组件连接。所述触头支持部310可在所述电磁组件的力作用下移动并带动动触头320移动，且所述限位结构330对所述动触头320的一端限位以使所述动触头320在触头支持部310的作用下转动远离所述静触头350。所述电器组件还包括与所述限位结构330对应设置的支撑结构360。所述动触头320在所述触头支持部310的力作用下朝向所述静触头350移动时，所述支撑结构360可对所述动触头320的一端限位以使所述动触头320在触头支持部310的作用下与所述静触头350闭合。
电磁组件在外部输入的电流的变化下可带动触头支持部310和动触头320往返移动，动触头320在移动过程中，动触头320的一端受到限位结构330的限位阻挡作用而停止移动，而动触头320在触头支持部310的带动下继续移动时，动触头320会绕其被限位的一端转动，从而动触头320的另一端与静触头350的开距变大，可提升灭弧效果，增加电器产品的电寿命。本发明的电器组件采用单断点结构，节省触头成本，并可达到良好的灭弧效果，解决了传统单断点电器组件为了提升灭弧效果，需提高电磁开距、触头压力、电磁反力等导致的电磁组件和产品成本的增加的问题。
本实施例中，触头支持部310上形成有容纳所述动触头320的间隙。优选的，触头支持部310上可形成如本实施例中的两个圆柱形凸台311，两个圆柱形凸台311间可形成容纳所述动触头320的间隙，采用圆柱形凸台311形成间隙，也可便于动触头320的转动，减少动触头320的磨损。在实际应用中，也可采用其他结构的致动部，只需形成可容纳所述动触头320的间隙即可，本发明对此并不作限定。
作为一种优选的实施方式，动触头320可采用弹性材料形成，动触头320的形状优选为片状等易产生弹性形变的结构。
本实施例的触头支持部310无需设置弹性组件，触头支持部310与动触头320采用过渡配合，对动触头320施加触头压力的力作用来源是动触头320自身的变形。
为了实现动触头320与外部电路的电连接，电器组件进一步包括与外部电路电连接的导电接线座370，所述动触头320可通过软连接线340与所述导电接线座370电连接以与外部电路电连接。本实施例中，动触头320对应静触头350的一端与软连接线340的一端焊接，软连接线340的另一端与导电接线座370连接，动触头320和静触头350闭合时，动触头320与接线座370之间通过软连接线340导电。动触头320和静触头350打开时，动触头320与接线座370之间由于软连接线340连接不产生电弧，电弧只在动触头320与静触头350间产生，仅需消除动触头320与静触头350间的电弧即可实现安全断开。在其他实施方式中，考虑导电接线座370的位置，软连接线340的一端也可与动触头320对应限位结构330的一端焊接固定，以实现动触头320与导电接线座370的电连接。
本实施例的电器组件在工作时同样包括两个过程，其中一个过程是动触点和静触点的断开过程，参见图3，电磁组件的线圈上通入正向脉冲电压，动铁芯受到正向吸力，动铁芯带动触头320支持部310运动，触头支持部310运动带动动触头320向上运动。当动触头320到达限位结构330时，动触头320对应限位结构330的一端与限位结构330上的限位点331相抵，动触头320被限位结构330阻挡，触头支持部310带动动触头320继续运动时，动触头320的两端受力不平衡，动触头320向远离静触头350的方向转动，动触头320远离限位结构330的一端与静触头350断开，并拉大触头开距，提升灭弧能力。另一个过程是动触点和静触点的闭合过程。再次参见图3，电磁组件的线圈上通入反向脉冲电压，动铁芯受到反向吸力，动铁芯带动触头320支持部310运动，触头支持部310运动带动动触头320向下运动，动触头320由转动方向逐渐变为水平方向。触头支持部310继续带动动触头320向下运动，动触头320的一端被支撑结构360阻挡支撑，触头支持部310继续向下运行，动触头320中央受拉动向下变形，产生触头压力，动触头320和静触头350完成闭合状态。本实施例中的其他结构与实施例一中的电器组件的结构类似，在此不再赘述。
本发明中应用了具体实施例对本发明的原理及实施方式进行了阐述，以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本发明的方法及其核心思想；同时，对于本领域的一般技术人 员，依据本发明的思想，在具体实施方式及应用范围上均会有改变之处，综上所述，本说明书内容不应理解为对本发明的限制。

Claims (16)

  1. 一种电器组件，其特征在于，包括壳体及设置于所述壳体中的触头组件以及与所述壳体相对固定的限位结构，所述触头组件包括：静触头、动触头和为所述动触头提供支持的触头支持部，所述限位结构可与所述动触头相接触或分离，在所述动触头和所述静触头断开后，所述动触头在所述触头支持部的带动下直线运动一段距离后和所述限位结构相接触，在所述限位结构与所述触头支持部共同的作用下进行转动。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电器组件，其特征在于，所述动触头转动的角度范围为5～45°。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的电器组件，其特征在于，所述电器组件还包括导电接线座，所述动触头通过软连接线与所述导电接线座连接。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的电器组件，其特征在于，所述电器组件还包括支撑结构；
    所述动触头朝向所述静触头移动时，所述支撑结构对所述动触头的一端限位以使所述动触头与所述静触头闭合。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的电器组件，其特征在于，所述电器组件还包括导电接线座，所述动触头通过软连接线与所述导电接线座连接；
    所述支撑结构由所述壳体或者所述导电接线座延伸形成。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的电器组件，其特征在于，所述支撑结构由所述导电接线座延伸形成，所述支撑结构与所述动触头接触的一端形成有第一触点，所述动触头上形成有与所述第一触点对应的第二触点。
  7. 根据权利要求4所述的电器组件，其特征在于，所述限位结构可与所述动触头接触的限位点与所述支撑结构之间的距离减去所述动触头在与所述限位点接触位置处的厚度，小于所述动触头与所述触头支持部连接处直线运动的最小距离。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的电器组件，其特征在于，所述触头支持部包括与所述动触头接触的致动部以及与所述动触头远离所述致动部的一侧连接的弹性组件。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的电器组件，其特征在于，所述弹性组件包括弹簧座和弹簧本体，其中所述弹簧座的一端与所述弹簧本体连接，另一端与所述动触头连接。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的电器组件，其特征在于，所述动触头与所述弹簧座间的连接配合为曲面配合。
  11. 根据权利要求8所述的电器组件，其特征在于，所述动触头与所述致动部的接触为平面接触、曲面接触或线接触。
  12. 根据权利要求1所述的电器组件，其特征在于，所述动触头为片状结构，所述触头支持部上形成有至少两个凸台，所述至少两个凸台形成容纳所述动触头的间隙。
  13. 根据权利要求1所述的电器组件，其特征在于，所述限位结构由弹性材料或非弹性材料形成。
  14. 根据权利要求1所述的电器组件，其特征在于，所述限位结构为圆柱状、条状或片状结构。
  15. 根据权利要求1所述的电器组件，其特征在于，所述限位结构的截面为圆形、矩形、梯形、三角形、椭圆形或不规则多边形。
  16. 根据权利要求1-15任一项所述的电器组件，其特征在于，还包括设于所述壳体内的电磁组件，所述电磁组件包括线圈、静铁芯、动铁芯和反向弹簧，所述动铁芯与所述触头支持部固定连接；
    所述线圈中通有电流时，所述动铁芯向第一方向移动并对所述触头支持部形成力的作用；
    所述线圈中电流断开时，所述反向弹簧带动所述动铁芯向第一方向的相反方向移动并对所述触头支持部形成力的作用。
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