WO2020077994A1 - 指纹识别装置和电子设备 - Google Patents

指纹识别装置和电子设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020077994A1
WO2020077994A1 PCT/CN2019/087105 CN2019087105W WO2020077994A1 WO 2020077994 A1 WO2020077994 A1 WO 2020077994A1 CN 2019087105 W CN2019087105 W CN 2019087105W WO 2020077994 A1 WO2020077994 A1 WO 2020077994A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fingerprint
screen
reflection
area
fingerprint sensor
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/087105
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
廖志川
李顺展
青小刚
Original Assignee
深圳市汇顶科技股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from PCT/CN2018/110297 external-priority patent/WO2020077505A1/zh
Priority claimed from PCT/CN2019/072598 external-priority patent/WO2020150879A1/zh
Application filed by 深圳市汇顶科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 深圳市汇顶科技股份有限公司
Priority to CN201980002794.6A priority Critical patent/CN110730967A/zh
Publication of WO2020077994A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020077994A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F18/00—Pattern recognition

Definitions

  • Embodiments of the present application relate to the field of off-screen fingerprint recognition, and more specifically, to a fingerprint recognition device and electronic equipment.
  • the off-screen fingerprint recognition technology is more and more widely used in mobile phones and other electronic devices.
  • the off-screen fingerprint recognition device needs to be arranged below the display screen, it can generally only be applied to self-luminous display screens such as OLED display screens.
  • OLED liquid crystal display
  • the display panel provides the light source through the backlight module, and the backlight module has opacity
  • the current under-screen fingerprint recognition device It cannot be applied to electronic devices using LCD screens to realize off-screen fingerprint detection, so the application scenarios of off-screen fingerprint recognition technology are limited.
  • Embodiments of the present application provide a fingerprint identification device and electronic equipment, which can be applied to a liquid crystal display and improve fingerprint detection performance.
  • an under-screen fingerprint identification device is provided, which is suitable for electronic equipment having a liquid crystal display screen, the liquid crystal display screen includes a liquid crystal panel and a backlight module, and a fingerprint detection area of the fingerprint identification device is located in the liquid crystal Display area of the display screen;
  • the under-screen fingerprint recognition device includes a fingerprint sensor and a reflection component, the fingerprint sensor is used to be disposed below the non-display area of the liquid crystal panel, and the reflection component includes a first reflection device and a second A reflection device, the first reflection device faces the photosensitive surface of the fingerprint sensor; the second reflection device is used to reflect or scatter the finger above the fingerprint detection area of the liquid crystal display and pass through the The fingerprint detection light of the liquid crystal panel is reflected to the first reflection device, the first reflection device is used to reflect the fingerprint detection light to the fingerprint sensor, and the fingerprint sensor is used to receive the reflection of the first reflection device Fingerprint detection light, and detect the fingerprint information of the finger according to the fingerprint detection light.
  • the first reflecting device includes a reflective area, wherein the reflective area is disposed above the fingerprint sensor and prevents the optical signal formed by the fingerprint detection light from being reflected on the surface of the fingerprint sensor Enter the reflective area again.
  • the reflective area of the first reflective device is parallel to the photosensitive surface of the fingerprint sensor, and the center of the reflective area is offset from the center of the photosensitive surface of the fingerprint sensor.
  • the first reflection device further includes a non-reflective area, the non-reflective area is adjacent to the reflective area, and is used to receive an optical signal formed by the fingerprint detection light reflected on the surface of the fingerprint sensor .
  • the fingerprint sensor includes a sensing array having a plurality of optical sensing units
  • the fingerprint detection light detected by the fingerprint sensor includes a near-end optical signal and a far-end optical signal
  • the near-end The optical signal is the fingerprint detection light received by the optical sensor unit near the fingerprint detection area of the fingerprint sensor
  • the remote optical signal is the fingerprint detection received by the optical sensor unit away from the fingerprint detection area by the fingerprint sensor Light.
  • the optical signal formed after the near-end optical signal is partially reflected on the surface of the fingerprint sensor cannot enter the reflective area of the first reflecting device.
  • the far-end optical signal is reflected from the edge position of the reflective area of the first reflection device to the fingerprint sensor.
  • the under-screen fingerprint recognition device further includes an optical lens, and the optical lens is vertically or obliquely disposed between the second reflecting device and the first reflecting device, and is used to place the second The fingerprint detection light reflected by the reflection device is focused on the first reflection device.
  • the second reflection device is close to the fingerprint detection area of the liquid crystal display screen, and the reflection surface of the second reflection device and the sensing surface of the fingerprint sensor both face the liquid crystal panel.
  • At least one of the first reflective device and the second reflective device is disposed obliquely with respect to the photosensitive surface of the fingerprint sensor, so as to increase The area of the fingerprint detection area of the LCD screen.
  • the first reflective device has a first tilt angle with respect to the photosensitive surface of the fingerprint sensor, and the second reflective device is parallel to the photosensitive surface of the fingerprint sensor, wherein the first tilt The angle is greater than 0 and less than or equal to 2 °.
  • the second reflective device has a second tilt angle with respect to the photosensitive surface of the fingerprint sensor, and the first reflective device is parallel to the photosensitive surface of the fingerprint sensor, wherein the second tilt The angle is greater than 0 and less than or equal to 2 °.
  • the first reflecting device and the second reflecting device are both arranged obliquely compared to the photosensitive surface of the fingerprint sensor, and the first reflecting device is relative to the second reflection
  • the tilt angle of the device is greater than 0 and less than or equal to 4 °.
  • the second reflecting device includes a convex mirror, and the convex mirror is used to increase the area of the fingerprint detection area of the under-screen fingerprint identification device on the liquid crystal display screen.
  • the convex mirror includes a base and a convex structure formed on the base, and a reflective coating is provided on the surface of the convex structure.
  • the under-screen fingerprint recognition device further includes a light-emitting unit configured to provide detection light for the fingerprint sensor, wherein the detection light is used for Fingers reflect or scatter to form the fingerprint detection light
  • the light emitting unit and the fingerprint sensor are disposed on the same flexible circuit board, and are connected to an external circuit through the flexible circuit board.
  • a light guide column is further arranged around the light emitting unit, and the light guide column is used to guide the detection light emitted by the light emitting unit to the fingerprint detection area of the liquid crystal display screen.
  • a light guide column is further arranged around the light emitting unit, and the light guide column is used to guide the detection light emitted by the light emitting unit to the liquid crystal display screen.
  • the under-screen fingerprint recognition device includes two or more light-emitting units, and the two or more light-emitting units are respectively disposed on both sides of the second reflection device, and the two One or more light emitting units are closer to the fingerprint detection area than the fingerprint sensor.
  • the fingerprint sensor and the reflective component are configured to be disposed above the backlight module of the liquid crystal display screen or on the side of the backlight module.
  • the second reflective device extends at least partially below the display area of the liquid crystal panel, and the second reflective device can transmit the backlight emitted by the backlight module and reflect the fingerprint detection Light.
  • the backlight module has a special-shaped structure extending downward at a position of the non-display area of the liquid crystal panel to form an escape space, and the fingerprint sensor and the reflective component are disposed in the escape space .
  • an electronic device including an LCD screen and an under-screen fingerprint recognition device as in the first aspect or any possible implementation manner thereof, wherein the LCD screen includes an LCD panel and a backlight module, so The under-screen fingerprint recognition device is disposed below the non-display area of the liquid crystal panel and above the backlight module.
  • a fingerprint recognition device including a fingerprint sensor, an optical lens, and a reflection assembly, the reflection assembly including a first reflection device and a second reflection device, the first reflection device facing the photosensitive of the fingerprint sensor
  • the optical lens is provided between the first reflecting device and the second reflecting device, wherein the second reflecting device is used to reflect fingerprint detection light to the optical lens, and the optical lens
  • the first reflection device is used to reflect the fingerprint detection light from the optical lens to the fingerprint sensor
  • the fingerprint sensor is used to receive the The fingerprint detection light reflected by the first reflection device detects the fingerprint information of the finger according to the fingerprint detection light.
  • the fingerprint detection light is an optical signal formed and returned by finger reflection or scattering above the display area of the display screen.
  • the first reflecting device includes a reflective area, wherein the reflective area is disposed above the fingerprint sensor and prevents the optical signal formed by the fingerprint detection light from being reflected on the surface of the fingerprint sensor Enter the reflective area again.
  • the reflective area of the first reflecting device is parallel to the photosensitive surface of the fingerprint sensor, and at most partially covers the photosensitive surface of the fingerprint sensor.
  • the first reflection device further includes a non-reflective area, the non-reflective area is adjacent to the reflective area, and is used to receive an optical signal formed by the fingerprint detection light reflected on the surface of the fingerprint sensor .
  • the fingerprint sensor includes a sensing array having a plurality of optical sensing units, and the fingerprint detection light detected by the optical sensing unit near the end of the optical lens of the fingerprint sensor includes a near-end optical signal, wherein The optical signal formed after the near-end optical signal is partially reflected on the surface of the fingerprint sensor cannot enter the reflective area of the first reflecting device.
  • the fingerprint detection light detected by the optical sensing unit at the end of the fingerprint sensor far from the optical lens includes a far-end optical signal, and the far-end optical signal is reflected from the first reflection device The edge position of the area is reflected to the fingerprint sensor.
  • At least one of the first reflective device and the second reflective device is inclined relative to the photosensitive surface of the fingerprint sensor.
  • the first reflective device has a first tilt angle with respect to the photosensitive surface of the fingerprint sensor, and the second reflective device is parallel to the photosensitive surface of the fingerprint sensor, wherein the first tilt The angle is greater than 0 and less than or equal to 2 °.
  • the second reflective device has a second tilt angle with respect to the photosensitive surface of the fingerprint sensor, and the first reflective device is parallel to the photosensitive surface of the fingerprint sensor, wherein the second tilt The angle is greater than 0 and less than or equal to 2 °.
  • the first reflecting device and the second reflecting device are both arranged obliquely compared to the photosensitive surface of the fingerprint sensor, and the first reflecting device is relative to the second reflection
  • the tilt angle of the device is greater than 0 and less than or equal to 4 °.
  • the second reflection device includes a convex mirror
  • the convex mirror includes a convex structure
  • a reflective coating is provided on the surface of the convex structure.
  • the fingerprint identification device further includes a light-emitting unit configured to provide detection light for the fingerprint sensor, wherein the detection light is used to illuminate a finger to form the fingerprint detection light .
  • the light emitting unit and the fingerprint sensor are disposed on the same flexible circuit board, and are connected to an external circuit through the flexible circuit board.
  • a light guide column is further arranged around the light-emitting unit, and the light guide column is used to guide the detection light emitted by the light-emitting unit to a preset fingerprint detection area to detect the fingerprint
  • the finger above the area reflects or scatters to form the fingerprint detection light.
  • a light guide column is further arranged around the light-emitting unit, and the light guide column is used to guide the detection light emitted by the light-emitting unit to the display screen, so that Fingers above the fingerprint detection area reflect or scatter to form the fingerprint detection light.
  • the fingerprint identification device includes two or more light-emitting units, and the two or more light-emitting units are respectively disposed on both sides of the second reflection device, and the two or A plurality of light emitting units are located in front of the fingerprint sensor.
  • the optical lens includes at least one lens and a micro-aperture stop, wherein the center of the micro-aperture stop is not aligned with the optical center of the at least one lens.
  • an under-screen fingerprint identification device including the fingerprint identification device as in the third aspect and any possible implementation manner thereof, wherein the fingerprint identification device is used to be disposed under the display screen, and The fingerprint detection area of the fingerprint identification device is located in the display area of the display screen.
  • the display screen is a liquid crystal display screen including a liquid crystal panel and a backlight module, wherein the fingerprint identification device is used to be disposed under a non-display area of the liquid crystal panel and located in the backlight Above the module, to detect fingerprint detection light formed by a finger from above the display area of the liquid crystal panel and passing through the liquid crystal panel to return to the non-display area of the liquid crystal panel.
  • the fingerprint recognition device may include two reflection devices, and the fingerprint sensor is used to receive the fingerprint detection light reflected by the two reflection devices, so the fingerprint detection light reflected by the finger can be extended to the fingerprint sensor
  • the light path can increase the area of the fingerprint detection area, so that more light can enter the fingerprint sensor, and the success rate of fingerprint recognition is improved.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of off-screen fingerprint recognition provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a backlight module provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device applied to a conventional off-screen fingerprint identification device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an off-screen fingerprint identification device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of another off-screen fingerprint identification device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of another off-screen fingerprint recognition device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of another off-screen fingerprint recognition device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of another off-screen fingerprint recognition device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of another off-screen fingerprint recognition device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of another off-screen fingerprint identification device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a second reflection device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of another off-screen fingerprint identification device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of another off-screen fingerprint recognition device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of another off-screen fingerprint recognition device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • 15 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the embodiments of the present application can be applied to fingerprint systems, including but not limited to optical, ultrasonic or other fingerprint recognition systems and medical diagnostic products based on optical, ultrasonic or other fingerprint imaging.
  • the embodiments of the present application only use optical fingerprint systems as an example for description. However, it should not constitute any limitation to the embodiments of the present application, and the embodiments of the present application are also applicable to other systems that use optical, ultrasonic, or other imaging technologies.
  • the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application can also perform other biometric identification, for example, living body identification, etc., which is not limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application can be applied to various electronic devices, and more specifically, can be applied to electronic devices with display screens.
  • portable or mobile computing devices such as smartphones, laptops, tablets, game devices, and other electronic devices such as electronic databases, automobiles, automated bank teller machines (ATM), etc., but this embodiment of the present application is not limited to this .
  • the fingerprint recognition device may be specifically an optical fingerprint device, which may be provided in a partial area or all areas below the display screen, thereby forming an under-display optical fingerprint system.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal device to which an off-screen fingerprint identification device can be applied.
  • the terminal device 100 includes a display screen 120 and a fingerprint identification device 130, where the fingerprint identification device 130 is disposed in a partial area below the display screen 120.
  • the fingerprint recognition device 130 includes a sensing array having a plurality of optical sensing units, and the area where the sensing array is located is a fingerprint detection area 103 of the fingerprint recognition device 130.
  • the display screen 120 may include a display area 102 and a non-display area 105.
  • the fingerprint detection area 103 is located in the display area 102 of the display screen 120. Therefore, the user needs to unlock the terminal device Or during other fingerprint verifications, you only need to press your finger on the fingerprint detection area 103 located on the display screen 120 to implement fingerprint input. Since fingerprint detection can be implemented in the screen, the terminal device 100 adopting the above structure does not need a special reserved space on the front to set fingerprint keys (such as the Home key), so a full screen solution can be adopted, that is, the display area of the display screen 120 can This basically extends to the entire front of the terminal device 100.
  • the display screen 120 may be a liquid crystal display (LCD) or other passive light-emitting display screen.
  • LCD liquid crystal display
  • the display screen 120 may specifically be a touch screen display, which can not only display images, but also detect a user's touch or press operation, thereby providing the user with a human-computer interaction interface.
  • the terminal device 100 may include a touch sensor, and the touch sensor may specifically be a touch panel (TP), which may be provided on the surface of the display screen 120, or may be partially integrated Or the whole is integrated into the display screen 120 to form the touch display screen.
  • TP touch panel
  • the terminal device 100 further includes a transparent protective cover, which may be a glass cover or a sapphire cover, which is located above the display screen 120 and covers the front of the terminal device 100.
  • a transparent protective cover which may be a glass cover or a sapphire cover, which is located above the display screen 120 and covers the front of the terminal device 100.
  • the so-called finger pressing on the display screen 120 may actually refer to pressing a cover plate above the display screen 120 or a protective layer surface covering the cover plate.
  • the fingerprint recognition device 130 includes at least one light detection part 134 and an optical component 132, the light detection part 134 includes the sensing array and a reader electrically connected to the sensing array
  • the circuit and other auxiliary circuits can be fabricated on a die by a semiconductor process; the optical component 132 can be disposed above the sensing array of the light detection portion 134, which can specifically include a filter, The light guide layer and other optical components, the filter layer can be used to filter out the ambient light penetrating the finger, and the light guide layer is mainly used to guide the fingerprint detection light reflected or scattered from the finger surface to the sensing array Optical inspection.
  • the multiple optical components 132 and the at least one light detection portion 134 may be packaged in the same optical fingerprint chip.
  • the light guide layer may specifically be a lens layer made of semiconductor silicon wafer, which has a plurality of lens units, and the reflected light reflected from the finger passes through the lens unit and is passed by the optical sensing unit below Receive, according to this, the sensor array can detect the fingerprint image of the finger.
  • the embodiments of the present application may be applied to an electronic device having one fingerprint identification device and a fingerprint detection area, or may be applied to an electronic device having multiple fingerprint identification devices and a plurality of fingerprint detection areas.
  • the optical sensor may also be referred to as an image sensor, a photoelectric sensor, or a fingerprint sensor, and may be fabricated into a chip by semiconductor processing, that is, the chip includes an image sensor.
  • the optical sensor in the embodiments of the present application may also be referred to as an optical fingerprint device, an optical fingerprint recognition module, a fingerprint device, a fingerprint recognition device, a fingerprint recognition module, a fingerprint module, a fingerprint collection device, and so on.
  • the current off-screen fingerprint recognition technology is basically applied to self-luminous mobile phone screens such as OLED or active matrix organic light-emitting diodes (active-matrix OLED, AMOLED).
  • OLED active matrix organic light-emitting diodes
  • AMOLED active-matrix organic light-emitting diodes
  • LCD screens are quite different from OLED screens.
  • LCD screens use a backlight module to provide the backlight.
  • the backlight emitted by the backlight module can illuminate the liquid crystal panel so that the liquid crystal panel displays images.
  • the LCD screen may include a glass cover 230, a liquid crystal panel 240, and a backlight module 220.
  • the glass cover 230 may be disposed above the liquid crystal panel 240, and the liquid crystal panel 240 may include a liquid crystal layer, the backlight module 220 may be disposed below the liquid crystal panel 240, and may include a brightness enhancement film 250 laminated.
  • the LCD display screen may also be a touch display screen, which includes a touch layer, and the touch layer may be disposed between the glass cover 230 and the liquid crystal panel 240 It may also be partially or fully integrated inside the liquid crystal panel 240.
  • the glass cover 230 may also be bonded to the liquid crystal panel to form a panel assembly 210.
  • each film layer of the backlight module is shown in Table 1.
  • the fingerprint recognition module 330 may include a fingerprint sensor, which may be used to perform fingerprint recognition based on the received light signal reflected or scattered by the finger.
  • the fingerprint recognition module in which the fingerprint recognition module 330 is directly disposed under the OLED screen is not applicable to the LCD screen.
  • one implementation method is to set the fingerprint sensor 410 in the non-display area under the glass cover 430 of the LCD screen or the liquid crystal panel, and set the fingerprint detection area 440 on the LCD screen through the optical path design
  • the display area is shown in Figure 4.
  • the fingerprint sensor 410 is not disposed below the backlight module 420, but is disposed above the backlight module 420 or beside the backlight module 420.
  • the detection light also called fingerprint excitation light
  • the fingerprint excitation light is reflected or scattered by the fingerprint detection light formed by the finger above the fingerprint detection area 440 of the LCD screen, and passes through the glass cover and the liquid crystal panel After that, it can return to the fingerprint sensor 410, that is, the fingerprint detection light can reach the fingerprint sensor 410 without passing through the backlight module 420, and is received by the fingerprint sensor 410 to detect the fingerprint information or fingerprint of the finger Image, which can realize the off-screen fingerprint recognition of the LCD screen.
  • the fingerprint sensor is arranged above the backlight module. It can be understood that the fingerprint sensor is arranged above the backlight module and below the glass cover, that is, the fingerprint sensor can be arranged between the backlight module and the glass cover.
  • the fingerprint sensor is arranged beside the backlight module. It can be understood that the fingerprint sensor can be arranged on the same layer as the backlight module, both of which are located below the glass cover, and the size of the backlight module can be smaller than the size of the glass cover.
  • the display area of the liquid crystal display refers to an area where the liquid crystal panel can display a picture, and it can specifically refer to an area on the liquid crystal display that can be illuminated by the backlight module.
  • the under-screen fingerprint recognition device may further include a first reflection device 460, as shown in FIG. 5.
  • the first reflection device 460 may be disposed toward the photosensitive surface of the fingerprint sensor 410, and is used to reflect or scatter the finger formed above the fingerprint detection area of the LCD screen and reflect the fingerprint detection light returned through the liquid crystal panel to the Fingerprint sensor 410.
  • the fingerprint recognition device may further include an optical lens 470, which may be vertically or obliquely arranged in front of the first reflecting device 460, and the so-called front refers to the fingerprint detection light reflected or scattered by the finger transmitted to the fingerprint
  • the fingerprint detection light first passes through the optical lens 470, and then is transmitted to the first reflection device.
  • the optical lens 470 can focus the fingerprint detection light to the first reflection device 460, so that the first reflection device 460 can further reflect the fingerprint detection light to the fingerprint sensor 410.
  • the first reflection device 460 can reflect the fingerprint detection light before the fingerprint detection light is received by the fingerprint sensor 410, the path of the light incident on the reflected light to the fingerprint sensor 410 can be extended, thereby increasing the fingerprint detection area The area allows more light to be incident on the fingerprint sensor 410, improving the success rate of fingerprint recognition.
  • the fingerprint recognition device may further include a light-emitting unit 450, which may be located below the non-display area of the glass cover 430, and used to emit a light signal to the display screen to provide a light source for fingerprint recognition.
  • a light-emitting unit 450 which may be located below the non-display area of the glass cover 430, and used to emit a light signal to the display screen to provide a light source for fingerprint recognition.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides another off-screen fingerprint recognition device, which can further increase the area of the fingerprint detection area.
  • the off-screen fingerprint recognition device is applied to an electronic device having an LCD screen, which may include a glass cover 501, a liquid crystal panel 502, and a backlight module 503.
  • the LCD screen has a display area and a non-display area, where the display area is an area where the liquid crystal panel 502 displays a picture, so it may also be referred to as a display area of the liquid crystal panel 502; the non-display area may be located at the edge of the liquid crystal panel 502 Area (such as the chin area of a terminal device such as a smart phone), where the fingerprint detection area 570 of the under-screen fingerprint identification device is located in the display area of the LCD screen, and the under-screen fingerprint identification device can be set on the LCD panel 502 of the LCD screen. Below the display area and above the backlight module 503.
  • the under-screen fingerprint recognition device may include a first reflective device 510, a second reflective device 530, an optical lens 540, and a fingerprint sensor 520.
  • the second reflection device 530, the optical lens 540, the first reflection device 510 and the fingerprint sensor 520 are sequentially arranged on the under-screen fingerprint detection optical path of the under-screen fingerprint identification device, wherein the second reflection device 530 and the first A reflection device 510 reflects the fingerprint detection light before and after the optical lens 540 converges the fingerprint detection light reflected or scattered from the finger, that is, the fingerprint detection light is subjected to secondary reflection before entering the fingerprint sensor 520 Thereby increasing the fingerprint identification light path under the screen.
  • the second reflecting device 530 may be disposed in front of the optical lens 540, and may be used to receive the reflection or scattering of the finger above the fingerprint detection area 570 of the LCD screen to form and pass through the glass cover 501 and the liquid crystal panel 502 Fingerprint detection light, the fingerprint detection light is the return light formed by reflection or scattering on the finger, so it carries the fingerprint information of the finger; and, the second reflection device 530 can further convert the received The fingerprint detection light is reflected for the first time, so that the fingerprint detection light is transmitted to the optical lens 540, and the optical lens 540 can focus and guide the fingerprint detection light to the first reflection device 510. Then, the first reflection device 510 may reflect the fingerprint detection light it receives for a second time, so that the fingerprint detection light is transmitted to the fingerprint sensor 520.
  • the reflection surface of the second reflection device 530 may face the liquid crystal panel of the LCD screen, the reflection surface of the first reflection device 510 and the reflection surface of the second reflection device 530 are oppositely arranged, that is, the reflection surface of the first reflection device 510 faces the second reflection The reflection surface of the device 530, so that the fingerprint detection light reflected by the second reflection device 530 can reach the first reflection device 510 after being condensed by the optical lens 540.
  • the optical lens 540 is arranged sideways between the first reflecting device 510 and the second reflecting device 530, and can focus the fingerprint detection light reflected by the second reflecting device 530 to the first reflecting device 510.
  • the photosensitive surface of the fingerprint sensor 520 faces the first reflection device 510 for receiving the fingerprint detection light reflected by the first reflection device 510, and detects the fingerprint information or fingerprint image of the finger based on the fingerprint detection light.
  • the optical lens 540 may be set vertically with respect to the LCD screen, or may have a certain tilt angle with respect to the LCD screen.
  • the optical lens 540 may include at least one lens and a micro-aperture stop, wherein an off-center design is adopted between the center of the micro-aperture stop and the optical center of the at least one lens to improve Optical performance.
  • both the first reflecting device 510 and the second reflecting device 530 may be reflecting mirrors.
  • the use of two reflection devices can further increase the light path incident to the fingerprint sensor, thereby It can further increase the effective area of the fingerprint detection area on the LCD screen. Therefore, the reflection or scattering of the detection light provided by the light source above the fingerprint detection area of the LCD screen can form more fingerprint detection light and enter the fingerprint sensor. Improve the success rate of fingerprint recognition.
  • the under-screen fingerprint recognition device shown in FIG. 6 does not greatly affect the thickness and width of the fingerprint recognition device while increasing the area of the fingerprint detection area of the LCD screen, so this solution can help to reduce the thickness of the electronic device, And reducing the area of the non-display area of the electronic device is helpful to increase the screen ratio of the electronic device.
  • the second reflection device 530 of the off-screen fingerprint identification device may also extend at least partially below the display area of the LCD screen; wherein, the second The transmission wavelength of the reflection device 530 may include the backlight (that is, visible light) that can be transmitted through the backlight module 503, and the reflection wavelength may include the wavelength of the detection light emitted by the fingerprint detection light source, that is, the detection light may reflect The fingerprint detection light formed and passed through the liquid crystal panel 502.
  • the backlight that is, visible light
  • the reflection wavelength may include the wavelength of the detection light emitted by the fingerprint detection light source, that is, the detection light may reflect The fingerprint detection light formed and passed through the liquid crystal panel 502.
  • Using the above solution can further reduce the width of the under-screen fingerprint recognition device, thereby making the area of the non-display area of the LCD screen smaller, which is more conducive to increasing the front screen ratio of the electronic device and realizing the overall appearance of the ultra-narrow chin.
  • the optical signals 505 and 506 incident on the edge positions of both sides of the fingerprint sensor 520 determine the edge position of the fingerprint detection area 570, and thus determine the display area of the LCD screen.
  • the optical signal 505 is called a far-end optical signal
  • the optical signal 506 is called a near-end optical signal.
  • the optical paths of the far-end optical signal 505 and the near-end optical signal 506 may be based on the edge position of the fingerprint sensor 520, the position of the first reflecting device 510, and the position and curvature of the optical lens 540 The radius is determined.
  • the fingerprint sensor 520 is a chip structure. After the optical signal reaches the fingerprint sensor, some light may be reflected on the surface of the fingerprint sensor. As shown in FIG. 7, the near-end optical signal 506 may reach the fingerprint sensor 520 after it reaches the fingerprint sensor 520. Reflection occurs on the surface of the fingerprint sensor 520, forming an interference light signal 507, as shown by the broken line in FIG. When the interference light signal 507 is transmitted to the first reflecting device 510, it will be reflected again on the surface of the first reflecting device 510, and then return to the fingerprint sensor 520 again. After the interference light signal 507 reaches the fingerprint sensor 520 and is received by the sensing array of the fingerprint sensor 510, it will cause interference to the fingerprint imaging of the fingerprint sensor 520 and affect fingerprint detection.
  • the embodiments of the present application further provide an off-screen fingerprint identification device suitable for an LCD screen.
  • the off-screen fingerprint identification device can reduce interference caused by fingerprint sensor imaging.
  • the fingerprint identification device can be applied to an electronic device having an LCD screen.
  • the under-screen fingerprint identification device can be disposed below the non-display area of the liquid crystal panel of the LCD screen, and its fingerprint detection area is located in the display area of the LCD screen.
  • the electronic device may refer to a smartphone, tablet computer, or other mobile terminal
  • the non-display area of the LCD screen may correspond to the chin area of the mobile terminal, that is, the on-screen fingerprint recognition device may be provided Below the LCD panel.
  • the under-screen fingerprint recognition device may include a fingerprint sensor 520 and a first reflective device 510, the first reflective device 510 is disposed toward the photosensitive surface of the fingerprint sensor 510, and includes a reflective area 511 and a non-reflective area 512
  • the reflective area 511 is used to receive the fingerprint detection light reflected and scattered by the finger above the fingerprint detection area of the LCD screen and passing through the liquid crystal panel and reflect the received fingerprint detection light to the fingerprint sensor 520, wherein the fingerprint detection light Carry the fingerprint information of the above finger.
  • the fingerprint sensor 520 may be used to receive the fingerprint detection light reflected by the first reflection device 510, and detect the fingerprint information or fingerprint image of the finger according to the fingerprint detection light.
  • the fingerprint detection light may specifically be a detection light emitted by a light source for fingerprint detection (also called a fingerprint detection light source or a detection light source) irradiated to a finger above the fingerprint detection area of the LCD screen to form and pass through the liquid crystal Return light returned by the panel, wherein the light source may be a non-visible light source with a specific wavelength, and it may be disposed in an edge area under the LCD screen, such as a glass cover or under the edge of the liquid crystal panel, and toward the fingerprint of the LCD screen The detection area emits the detection light.
  • a light source for fingerprint detection also called a fingerprint detection light source or a detection light source
  • the light source may be a non-visible light source with a specific wavelength, and it may be disposed in an edge area under the LCD screen, such as a glass cover or under the edge of the liquid crystal panel, and toward the fingerprint of the LCD screen
  • the detection area emits the detection light.
  • the fingerprint detection light received by the reflective area of the first reflective device 510 may refer to the reflective area 511 of the first reflective device 510 directly receiving the fingerprint detection light passing through the liquid crystal panel; or, it may also refer to the reflective light of the first reflective device 510
  • the area 511 indirectly receives the fingerprint detection light passing through the liquid crystal panel.
  • the fingerprint detection light passing through the liquid crystal panel may first be reflected by other reflective devices and / or optically processed by other light source elements before reaching the first reflective device 510 .
  • the optical signal reflected by the finger first reaches the first reflection device 510 after being reflected by the second reflection device 530 and optically focused by the optical lens 540.
  • the reflective area 511 of the first reflective device 510 can be designed by size, structure, or position, or the optical path design of the second reflective device 530 and the optical lens 540, so that the fingerprint reflected from the reflective area 511 to the fingerprint sensor 520
  • the light signal formed by the detection light reflected on the surface of the fingerprint sensor 520 (such as the photosensitive surface) cannot enter the reflective area 511 again.
  • the first reflective device 510 may also be provided with a non-reflective area 512, and the optical signal formed by the fingerprint detection light reflected on the surface of the fingerprint sensor 520 can only enter the non-reflective area 512 of the first reflective device 510 at most.
  • the non-reflective area 512 of the reflective device 510 is not reflective, thereby preventing the first reflective device 510 from reflecting the optical signal reflected by the fingerprint sensor 520 to the fingerprint sensor 520 again to form an interference light signal, which may interfere with the fingerprint imaging of the fingerprint sensor 520.
  • the design of the reflective area 511 of the first reflective device 510 prevents the optical signal formed by the fingerprint detection light from reflecting on the surface of the fingerprint sensor 520 from entering the reflective area 511, which may refer to the reflective area 511 of the first reflective device 510 It can make some of the optical signals formed by reflection on the surface of the fingerprint sensor 520 fail to enter the reflective area 511, or it can also mean that all optical signals formed by reflection on the fingerprint sensor 520 cannot enter the reflective area 511 .
  • the internal structure design or optical path design of the off-screen fingerprint recognition device can also be used so that the optical signal formed by reflection on the surface of the fingerprint sensor 520 is transmitted to the first reflection device 510 and is reflected again However, the optical signal reflected again by the first reflecting device 510 cannot reach the fingerprint sensor 520, so that it will not interfere with the fingerprint imaging of the fingerprint sensor 520.
  • the design of the reflective area 511 of the first reflection device 510 may include the position design, structural design, and size design of the reflective area 511.
  • the position of the reflective area 511 may include the position of the reflective area 511 of the first reflection device 510 in the fingerprint identification device under the screen, and the size of the reflective area 511 may include the length and width of the reflective area 511.
  • the reflective area 511 of the first reflective device 510 may have a preset length and width, and may be set in the fingerprint identification device under the screen by the following manner: the first reflective device 510 faces the fingerprint sensor 520 and the photosensitive surface of the fingerprint sensor 520 are parallel to each other, and the reflective area 511 of the first reflecting device 510 is closer to the optical lens 540 than the photosensitive surface of the fingerprint sensor 520, that is, the center of the reflective area 511 deviates from The center of the photosensitive surface of the fingerprint sensor 520, for example, the reflective area 511 at most only partially covers the photosensitive surface of the fingerprint sensor 520, so as to prevent fingerprint detection light formed by reflection or scattering on the finger from being affected by the first reflecting device 510 After the reflective area is reflected to the fingerprint sensor 510, even if part of the light is reflected again on the surface of the fingerprint sensor 520, it cannot reach the reflective area 511 of the first reflective device 510 again.
  • the first reflecting device 510 may further include a non-reflective area 512, which may be adjacent to the reflective area 511 and cover the photosensitive surface of the fingerprint sensor 520.
  • the non-reflective area 512 may completely cover the photosensitive surface of the fingerprint sensor 520 or only partially cover the photosensitive surface of the fingerprint sensor 520.
  • the non-reflective area 512 may be used to receive at least part of the optical signal reflected on the surface of the fingerprint sensor 520 to prevent the above-mentioned optical signal from entering the reflective area 511.
  • the first reflecting device 510 may include a reflective area 511 and a non-reflective area 512, where the reflective area 511 has light reflecting capability and can be used to reflect optical signals; the non-reflecting area 512 does not have light reflecting capability
  • the non-reflective region 512 can be realized by providing a non-reflective coating or a light absorbing layer, for example, it can be realized by painting the non-reflective region 512 black, as shown in FIG. 8.
  • the reflective area 511 can be used to receive the fingerprint detection light formed by the reflection or scattering of the finger and passing through the liquid crystal panel, and reflect the received fingerprint detection light to the fingerprint sensor 520, and the fingerprint detection light is reflected by the surface of the fingerprint sensor 520 Part or all of the optical signal enters the non-reflective area 512, which can prevent the optical signal reflected by the fingerprint sensor 520 from being reflected again by the first reflecting device 510 to become an interference optical signal and re-enter the fingerprint sensor 520, affecting the fingerprint of the fingerprint sensor 520 Imaging.
  • the first reflective device 510 may also include only the reflective area 511, that is, the length of the first reflective device 510 is defined by the size of the reflective area 511.
  • This solution is based on the original technology, by shortening the length of the first reflecting device 510, and by setting the first reflecting device 510 at a suitable position above the fingerprint sensor 520, such as deviating from the fingerprint sensor 520 by a preset distance, so that The optical signal formed by the reflection on the surface of the fingerprint sensor 520 cannot reach the first reflection device 510 and is reflected again into the fingerprint sensor 520 to avoid interference with the fingerprint imaging of the fingerprint sensor 520.
  • the fingerprint sensor 520 may receive a first optical signal 506, which is an optical signal received by a part of the optical sensing unit on the fingerprint sensor 520 located near the fingerprint detection area of the LCD screen, that is, the first An optical signal 506 may correspond to the near-end optical signal received by the fingerprint sensor 520. Even if a part of the first optical signal 506 is reflected on the surface of the fingerprint sensor 520, the optical signal formed cannot enter the reflective area 511. If the first reflective device 510 includes a non-reflective area 512, in the under-screen fingerprint identification device shown in FIG. 8, the first optical signal 506 will enter the non-reflective area 512 after the surface of the fingerprint sensor 520 is reflected.
  • the position of the fingerprint sensor 520 near the fingerprint detection area of the LCD screen may refer to the area of the fingerprint sensor 520 closest to the light incident direction, for example, in FIG. 7 or FIG. 8, it may refer to the rightmost area of the fingerprint sensor 520; therefore,
  • the fingerprint detection light received by the optical sensing unit at the above position may be the near-end optical signal of the fingerprint sensor 520.
  • the reflective area 511 can also receive a second optical signal 505, which is an optical signal received by a part of the optical sensing unit of the fingerprint sensor 520 located away from the fingerprint detection area of the LCD screen, that is, the second optical signal 505 corresponds to the far-end optical signal received by the fingerprint sensor 520.
  • the reflection position of the second optical signal 505 in the reflective area 511 of the first reflective device 510 is close to the edge position of the reflective area 511. In the embodiment shown in FIG.
  • the internal optical path design of the fingerprint identification device under the screen makes the fingerprint
  • the far-end optical signal that the sensor 520 can receive can be focused by the optical lens 540 to the reflective area 511 of the first reflective device 510 after the first reflection by the second reflective device 530, which can make most of the fingerprint detection light All effective optical signals can be received by the fingerprint sensor 520, which can improve the detection performance of the fingerprint sensor 520.
  • the position of the fingerprint sensor 520 away from the fingerprint detection area may specifically refer to the area of the fingerprint sensor 520 farthest from the light incident direction, for example, in FIG. 7 or FIG. 8, it may refer to the leftmost area of the fingerprint sensor 520; therefore,
  • the fingerprint detection light received by the optical sensing unit located at the above-mentioned position may be a remote optical signal of the fingerprint sensor 520.
  • the far-end optical signal may be an optical signal reflected from the edge position of the reflective area of the first reflecting device 510 to the fingerprint sensor 520.
  • the size and position of the reflective area 511 of the first reflection device 510 can be based on the second reflection point 513 of the first optical signal 506 at the first reflection device 510 and the second optical signal 505 at the first reflection device 510 The reflection point 514 is determined.
  • the position of the non-reflective region 512 can be determined according to the secondary reflection point 513 of the first optical signal 506 at the first reflection device 510 and the reflection point 514 of the second optical signal 505 at the first reflection device 510 .
  • the secondary reflection point 513 of the first optical signal 506 at the first reflection device 510 means that the first optical signal 506 is reflected by the reflective area 511 of the first reflection device 510 to the fingerprint sensor 520, and part of The surface of the fingerprint sensor 520 is reflected again and reaches the position of the first reflecting device 510.
  • the reflection point 514 of the second optical signal 505 at the first reflection device 510 refers to the position where the second optical signal 505 is focused by the optical lens 540 to reach the reflective area of the first reflection device 510 and is reflected.
  • the area between the end of the first reflection device 510 away from the fingerprint sensor 520 and the first light signal 506 between the secondary reflection points 513 of the first reflection device 510 can be set as a non-reflective area 512, so as to avoid The fingerprint imaging of the fingerprint sensor 520 causes interference.
  • the setting of the non-reflective area 512 also needs to avoid affecting the reflection of the second optical signal 505 in the reflective area 511 of the first reflecting device 510.
  • the reflective area 511 enables the second optical signal 505 to be reflected by the reflective area 511 to the fingerprint sensor 520, thereby ensuring that the optical signal of the fingerprint detection area of the LCD screen can be received by the fingerprint sensor 520, improving fingerprint detection performance .
  • the non-reflective area 512 can prevent the optical signal formed by the reflection on the surface of the fingerprint sensor 520 from re-reflecting at the first reflecting device 510 and re-entering the fingerprint sensor 520 to avoid interference with the fingerprint imaging of the fingerprint sensor 510.
  • the second reflective device may be close to the fingerprint detection area of the LCD screen, that is, the center of the second reflective device is closer to the fingerprint than the centers of the first reflective device and the fingerprint sensor Detection area.
  • the reflecting surface of the second reflecting device and the sensing surface of the fingerprint sensor may both face the liquid crystal panel, and the reflecting surface of the first reflecting device may face the photosensitive surface of the fingerprint sensor.
  • the technical solution described above can be applied to an off-screen fingerprint recognition device including one reflective device, or can be applied to an off-screen fingerprint recognition device including two or more reflective devices, regardless of how many Reflective devices can be designed by structure, size or position of the reflective area of the reflective device facing the fingerprint sensor to reduce the light signal reflected by the fingerprint sensor to reach the reflective area again and reflect to the fingerprint sensor again, reducing the fingerprint sensor The impact of fingerprint imaging.
  • the optical paths of the near-end optical signal 506 and the far-end optical signal 505 have been determined.
  • the reflection path of the far-end optical signal 505 in the first reflection device 510 may be determined according to the end position of the fingerprint detection area of the fingerprint sensor 520 away from the LCD screen, the structure, size, and position of the first reflection device 510 and the optical lens 540. Therefore, the fingerprint detection light that the fingerprint sensor 520 can receive is derived from the position of the fingerprint detection area of the LCD screen according to the direction of the optical path of the first reflection device 510, so that the boundary position of the fingerprint detection area can be determined.
  • the first reflection device 510 and the second reflection device 530 are arranged in parallel, assuming that the detection light provided by the light source is reflected by the finger above the fingerprint detection area 570 of the LCD screen or
  • the angle between the incident light of the second detection device 530 and the reflected light of the fingerprint detection light formed by scattering and passing through the liquid crystal panel 502 is ⁇ .
  • the reflected light of the second reflection device 520 is focused by the optical lens 540 in the first
  • the angle between the incident light and the reflected light of the reflecting device 530 is ⁇ , where the included angle ⁇ can be based on the end position of the fingerprint sensor 520 away from the fingerprint detection area 570, the structure and size of the first reflecting device 510 and the optical lens 540 According to the principle of reflection, the angle ⁇ can also be derived, so that the position of the near-end optical signal 506 and the far-end optical signal 505 on the fingerprint detection area 570 of the LCD screen can be determined, so that the fingerprint can be determined The location and area of the detection area 570.
  • the position area of the fingerprint detection area 570 of the LCD screen is determined.
  • the area of the fingerprint detection area 570 cannot continue to increase.
  • the size of the on-screen fingerprint recognition device suitable for the LCD screen needs to be reduced accordingly, but as mentioned above, if the size of the under-screen fingerprint recognition device is reduced, the near-end optical signal The area of the fingerprint detection area of the LCD screen determined by the remote optical signal will be reduced, thereby affecting the fingerprint recognition performance of the fingerprint sensor.
  • embodiments of the present application provide an off-screen fingerprint recognition device, which can ensure the success rate of fingerprint recognition after the size of the fingerprint recognition device is limited.
  • the under-screen fingerprint recognition device can be applied to electronic equipment with a liquid crystal display (LCD screen).
  • the under-screen fingerprint recognition device can be arranged below the non-display area of the liquid crystal display, such as the non-display area of the liquid crystal panel of the liquid crystal display Below the display area, the non-display area is generally used as a wiring area and a driving chip mounting area of the liquid crystal panel. Similar to the embodiment shown in FIG.
  • the under-screen fingerprint recognition device may also include a fingerprint sensor, a first reflection device, and a second reflection device, where at least one of the first reflection device and the second reflection device
  • the reflection device may have a preset tilt angle with respect to the sensing surface of the fingerprint sensor, for example, when one of the first reflection device and the second reflection device is parallel to the sensing surface of the fingerprint sensor, the first reflection device may be opposite The second reflecting device is tilted.
  • the fingerprint detection light formed by the finger reflection or scattering above the fingerprint detection area of the LCD screen may include a third optical signal, and the third optical signal passes through the third The reflection of the two reflection devices and the focusing of the optical lens reach the first reflection device, and are reflected by the first reflection device to a position of the fingerprint sensor away from the fingerprint detection area.
  • the fingerprint detection light formed by reflection or scattering by the finger above the fingerprint detection area of the LCD screen includes a fourth optical signal, and the fourth optical signal passes through the first The reflection of the two reflection devices and the focusing of the optical lens reach the first reflection device, and are reflected by the first reflection device to a position of the fingerprint sensor away from the fingerprint detection area.
  • the angle between the incident light and the reflected light of the second optical device for the third optical signal is greater than the incident light and the reflected light of the fourth optical signal for the second reflective device Angle.
  • the third optical signal and the fourth optical signal may also refer to the far ends that the fingerprint sensor can receive in two scenarios, that is, the first reflective device and the second reflective device are inclined and parallel.
  • Optical signal may also refer to the far ends that the fingerprint sensor can receive in two scenarios, that is, the first reflective device and the second reflective device are inclined and parallel.
  • the incident light rays of the far-end optical signal 505 (or referred to as the fourth optical signal 505) at the second reflecting device 530 and The angle formed by the reflected light is ⁇ 2; when the first reflecting device 510 and the second reflecting device 530 are relatively inclined, the incident light of the far-end optical signal 504 (or referred to as the third optical signal 504) at the second reflecting device 530 The angle formed by the reflected light is ⁇ 1.
  • the relative inclination of the first reflecting device 510 and the second reflecting device 530 makes the included angle ⁇ 1 greater than the included angle ⁇ 2, thereby enabling the far-end optical signal 504 to be larger than the display surface of the LCD screen Angle of inclination, thereby increasing the area of the fingerprint detection area of the LCD screen. Therefore, the first reflective device 510 and the second reflective device 530 are relatively inclined, which can increase the area of the fingerprint detection device of the under-screen fingerprint recognition device on the LCD screen, improve the success rate of fingerprint recognition, and improve the performance of fingerprint detection.
  • the solution of the embodiment of the present application can ensure that even if a smaller-sized under-screen fingerprint recognition device is adopted, the area of the fingerprint detection area of the LCD screen is not reduced. , Which affects fingerprint detection performance.
  • the under-screen fingerprint recognition device provided by the embodiments of the present application can increase the area of the fingerprint detection area when the same device size is adopted, and can reduce the under-screen fingerprint without affecting the fingerprint detection performance.
  • the overall size of the fingerprint recognition device further reduces the width of the chin area of the electronic device and increases the screen-to-body ratio.
  • the oblique setting of the first reflecting device relative to the second reflecting device may include three cases: the first reflecting device is inclined, the second reflecting device is inclined, and the first reflecting device and the second reflecting device are inclined at the same time.
  • the first reflection device 510 is inclined relative to the photosensitive surface of the fingerprint sensor 520, that is, the first reflection device 510 has a first inclination angle relative to the photosensitive surface of the fingerprint sensor 520, and the second The reflection device 530 is maintained parallel to the photosensitive surface of the fingerprint sensor 520, for example, the first reflection device 510 is inclined in a counterclockwise direction by a certain angle, so that the included angle ⁇ 1 is greater than the included angle ⁇ 2. Since the sensing surface of the fingerprint sensor 520 is parallel to the display surface of the LCD screen, the inclination of the first reflecting device 510 is equivalent to a preset inclination angle with the display surface of the LCD screen.
  • the first inclination angle of the first reflecting device 510 relative to the sensing surface of the fingerprint sensor 520 may be greater than 0 and less than or equal to 2 °.
  • the area of the fingerprint detection area 570 of the LCD screen may be the area defined by the far-end optical signal 505 and the near-end optical signal 506 .
  • the optical signal between the far-end optical signal 505 and the near-end optical signal 506 can reach the fingerprint after the first reflection of the second reflection device 530, the focusing of the optical lens 540, and the second reflection of the first reflection device 510 "
  • the sensor 520, and other optical signals outside the area defined by the far-end optical signal 505 and the near-end optical signal 506 cannot be transmitted to the fingerprint sensor 520.
  • the far-end optical signal that the fingerprint sensor 520 can receive becomes an optical signal 504. Due to the tilt of the first reflection device 510, the fingerprint sensor The far-end optical signal 504 that can be received by 520 has a smaller tilt angle than the display surface of the LCD screen, which is equivalent to the far-end optical signal 504 being tilted in the direction of expanding the fingerprint detection area 570, which can increase the fingerprint detection area 570 area.
  • the second reflecting device 530 is inclined relative to the photosensitive surface of the fingerprint sensor 520, that is, the second reflecting device 530 has a second inclined angle with respect to the photosensitive surface of the fingerprint sensor 530, and The first reflecting device 510 is maintained parallel to the photosensitive surface of the fingerprint sensor 520.
  • the second reflecting device 530 is inclined in a clockwise direction by a certain angle, so that the included angle ⁇ 1 is greater than the included angle ⁇ 2. Since the sensing surface of the fingerprint sensor 520 is parallel to the display surface of the LCD screen, the tilt setting of the second reflection device 530 is equivalent to having a preset tilt angle with the display surface of the LCD screen.
  • the second inclination angle of the second reflecting device 530 relative to the sensing surface of the fingerprint sensor 520 may be greater than 0 and less than or equal to 2 °.
  • the area of the fingerprint detection area 570 of the LCD screen may be defined by the far-end optical signal 505 and the near-end optical signal 506 Area, the optical signal between the far-end optical signal 505 and the near-end optical signal 506 can arrive after the second reflection device 530 ", the first reflection, the focusing of the optical lens 540, and the second reflection of the first reflection device 510
  • the fingerprint sensor 520, and other optical signals outside the area defined by the far-end optical signal 505 and the near-end optical signal 506 cannot be transmitted to the fingerprint sensor 520.
  • the far-end optical signal that the fingerprint sensor 520 can receive becomes an optical signal 504. Due to the tilt of the second reflection device 510, the fingerprint sensor The far-end optical signal 504 that can be received by 520 has a smaller tilt angle than the display surface of the LCD screen, which is also equivalent to the far-end optical signal 504 tilting in the direction of expanding the fingerprint detection area 570, which can increase fingerprint detection The area of area 570.
  • the first reflecting device 510 and the second reflecting device 530 may be tilted relative to the fingerprint sensor, which is equivalent to the case of combining the first reflecting device 510 of FIG. 9 and the second reflecting device 530 of FIG. 10 . Since the first reflective device 510 and the second reflective device 530 are tilted separately, the area of the fingerprint detection area 570 can be increased. Therefore, when the first reflective device 510 and the second reflective device 530 are both tilted in opposite directions in a manner referring to FIGS. 9 and 10 When the direction is inclined, the area of the fingerprint detection area 570 can also be increased.
  • the inclination angle of the first reflecting device 510 relative to the second reflecting device 530 may be greater than 0 and less than or equal to 4 °, preferably, the inclination angle of the first reflecting device 510 relative to the second reflecting device 530 is greater than 0 and less than or equal to 2 °.
  • the fingerprint sensor may be arranged parallel to the liquid crystal panel.
  • the reflection device is disposed obliquely with respect to the fingerprint sensor, and it can also be understood that the reflection device is disposed obliquely with respect to the liquid crystal panel.
  • the embodiments of the present application also provide another off-screen fingerprint recognition device, which can also make the angle ⁇ 1 between the incident light and the reflected light of the second reflection device larger than the angle ⁇ 2 shown in FIG. 6, which can be increased
  • the area of the fingerprint detection area improves the success rate of fingerprint recognition and improves the performance of fingerprint detection.
  • the second reflection device 530 may include a convex mirror. After the second reflecting device 530 performs convex processing, it can increase the area of the fingerprint detection area and improve the fingerprint detection performance.
  • the second reflection device 530 can process the optical path of the convex mirror to incline the optical signal at the far end toward the direction of increasing the area of the fingerprint detection area, and the optical signal at the near end also toward the direction of increasing the area of the fingerprint detection area. Tilt can increase the area of the fingerprint detection area to a greater extent and improve fingerprint detection performance.
  • the specific structure of the convex mirror of the second reflecting device 530 may be as shown in FIG. 11.
  • the convex mirror may be specifically a convex mirror.
  • the convex mirror may include a base 532 and a convex structure 531 formed on the base 532.
  • the surface of the convex structure 531 may be provided with a reflective coating for receiving the received optical signal Make reflections.
  • the substrate 532 may be transparent.
  • the structure of the reflection device when the structure of the reflection device is adjusted, for example, the first reflection device and / or the second reflection device are tilted, or the structure of the reflection surface of the second reflection device is changed (If the second reflection device is designed to have a convex mirror), to increase the area of the fingerprint detection area, by selecting an appropriate tilt angle and / or reflection surface structure, the distortion of the fingerprint sensor imaging can be guaranteed to be within a controllable range In this way, you can avoid affecting the fingerprint imaging of the fingerprint sensor.
  • the embodiment of the present application can also increase the area of the fingerprint detection area by setting the first reflecting device as having a concave mirror.
  • the solution for increasing the area of the fingerprint detection area in the embodiment of the present application may be a combination of various methods described above, which is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the area of the fingerprint detection area can be increased by tilting the first reflection device and the second reflection device simultaneously.
  • the first reflecting device may be tilted, and the second reflecting device may be configured as a convex mirror to increase the area of the fingerprint detection area.
  • the combination of multiple methods can also increase the area of the fingerprint detection area and improve the fingerprint detection performance.
  • the incident light rays of the far-end optical signal at the second reflecting device 530 and The angle a1 of the reflected light is greater than the angle a2 between the incident light and the reflected light of the far-end optical signal at the second reflecting device 530 when the two reflecting devices are arranged in parallel, thereby increasing the area of the fingerprint detection area.
  • the off-screen fingerprint recognition device of the embodiment of the present application may further include a light emitting unit 550, which serves as a fingerprint excitation light source or a detection light source for providing detection light for fingerprint detection or identification of the fingerprint sensor 520.
  • the light emitting unit 550 may be a light emitting diode (light emitting diode, LED).
  • the under-screen fingerprint recognition device may also be connected with a flexible printed circuit (FPC) board 590, and the FPC board 590 may be an internal circuit board of the under-screen fingerprint recognition device or used to recognize the off-screen fingerprint
  • the device is connected to an external circuit board of an external circuit.
  • the light-emitting unit 550 may be directly attached to the FPC board 590.
  • the light-emitting unit 550 may be disposed on the same FPC board 590 as the fingerprint sensor 520. As shown in FIGS. 6-10, the light emitting unit 550 and the fingerprint sensor 520 are both disposed on the same FPC board 590.
  • the off-screen fingerprint recognition device can be installed on an FPC board, and then the FPC board is electrically connected to other functional modules or circuits of the electronic device, thereby realizing the connection between the off-screen fingerprint recognition device and the electronic device.
  • the embodiment of the present application can effectively use the free space of the FPC board of the under-screen fingerprint identification device to set the light-emitting unit, and does not occupy the effective space of the under-screen fingerprint identification device, thereby not affecting the fingerprint detection performance of the fingerprint sensor.
  • a light guide post 551 may be provided around the light emitting unit 550, and the light guide post 551 may guide the light signal emitted by the light emitting unit 550 to the fingerprint detection area of the LCD screen to improve the light utilization efficiency of the light emitting unit 550 , So that the detection light emitted by the light emitting unit 550 can be irradiated to the finger above the fingerprint detection area as much as possible for fingerprint recognition.
  • the light guide column 551 is used to guide the detection light emitted by the light emitting unit 550 to the fingerprint detection area of the LCD screen, which can also prevent the light signal emitted by the light emitting unit from directly leaking to the fingerprint sensor, which may interfere with the imaging of the fingerprint sensor.
  • FIG. 12 and 13 show a schematic structural diagram of a fingerprint identification device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 12 shows a side view of the fingerprint identification device
  • FIG. 13 shows a top view of the fingerprint identification device.
  • the fingerprint recognition device 500 may be disposed below the non-display area of the liquid crystal display.
  • the liquid crystal display may include a liquid crystal panel 501 with a liquid crystal layer and a backlight module 503 that provides backlight for the liquid crystal panel.
  • the cover glass may be covered, and a touch layer may be provided between the cover glass and the liquid crystal panel.
  • the fingerprint recognition device 500 may be disposed below the liquid crystal panel 501 of the liquid crystal display screen and above the backlight module 503 of the liquid crystal display screen 510, thereby constituting an under-screen fingerprint recognition device.
  • the liquid crystal display screen has a display area and a non-display area 509 located at the edge of the display screen, where the display area is referred to as the display area of the liquid crystal panel 501.
  • the non-display area 509 may be a wiring area at the edge of the liquid crystal panel 501 or a driving chip mounting area, and its location may also specifically correspond to the chin area of the electronic device.
  • the fingerprint recognition device 500 includes a light-emitting unit 550, which is used to provide detection light for fingerprint recognition of the fingerprint sensor 520, which may specifically be a non-visible light source, such as an infrared LED.
  • a light guide column 551 can also be arranged around the light emitting unit 550.
  • the light guide column 551 has the function of collimating and guiding, and can guide the light signal emitted by the light emitting unit 550 to the fingerprint detection area of the liquid crystal display 501 to improve the utilization of the light emitting unit 550 rate.
  • the arrangement of the light guide column 551 can also prevent the light signal emitted by the light emitting unit 550 from leaking to the fingerprint sensor 520 and affecting the detection performance of the fingerprint sensor 520.
  • the fingerprint recognition device 500 may further include a first reflection device 510, a second reflection device 530, an optical lens 540, and a fingerprint sensor 520.
  • the detection light emitted by the light-emitting unit 550 illuminates the finger above the fingerprint detection area through the liquid crystal panel 501, and the reflected light or scattered light formed by the reflection or scattering of the finger passes through After returning to the fingerprint recognition device through the liquid crystal panel 501, the reflected light or scattered light carrying the fingerprint information of the finger described above will be collectively referred to as fingerprint detection light.
  • the fingerprint detection light is reflected by the second reflection device 530 first, and then reaches the optical lens 540; the optical lens 540 can focus the fingerprint detection light to the first reflection device 510, and the first reflection device 510 can receive the light through its reflective area
  • the light signal is reflected to the photosensitive area 521 of the fingerprint sensor 520 (ie, the area where the sensing array with the optical sensing unit is located).
  • the fingerprint sensor 520 may detect the fingerprint information or fingerprint image of the finger according to the received optical signal to perform fingerprint recognition or fingerprint collection.
  • FIG. 12 shows the optical paths of the near-end optical signal 506 and the far-end optical signal 505.
  • the near-end optical signal 506 is reflected by the two reflecting devices 530 and 510, it reaches the fingerprint sensor 520 near the fingerprint detection area.
  • the signal After being reflected by the two reflecting devices 530 and 510, the signal reaches the position of the fingerprint sensor 520 away from the fingerprint detection area.
  • all the components of the fingerprint recognition device 500 can be set on the same FPC board 590, which is convenient for installing the fingerprint recognition device 500 below the liquid crystal display 501 of the electronic device, and can also improve the integration of the overall structure Degree and reliability.
  • the fingerprint recognition apparatus may further include a device area 508, which is used to set peripheral circuits, that is, circuits or peripheral devices required by the fingerprint sensor 520 for fingerprint recognition.
  • the device area 508 may be provided with a driving circuit for driving the fingerprint sensor 520 to work, and a storage unit for storing fingerprint information detected by the fingerprint sensor 520.
  • the fingerprint identification device 500 may be disposed above the backlight module 503 of the electronic device to provide the off-screen fingerprint identification for the electronic device.
  • This method does not change the structure of the LCD screen of the original electronic device. That is, if the area of the backlight module 503 of the LCD screen of the electronic device is relatively large, it has a relatively large space in the non-display area of the LCD screen.
  • the fingerprint recognition device can be directly installed on the backlight module 503. This installation method is simple and easy to implement. In this structure, the area of the backlight module 503 is larger than the area of the display area of the liquid crystal display.
  • the optical lens 540 is located behind the second reflective device 530, and a plurality of light emitting units 550 may be disposed on both sides of the second reflective device 530 and the optical lens 540, and located on the fingerprint sensor 520. Forward.
  • the plurality of light emitting units 550 located in front of the fingerprint sensor 520 may mean that the plurality of light emitting units 550 are closer to the fingerprint detection area 570 than the fingerprint sensor 520.
  • the plurality of optical units 550 adopt the above-mentioned installation position, which can be closer to the fingerprint detection area of the liquid crystal display, on the one hand, the signal amount of the detection light irradiated to the fingerprint detection area is increased, and at the same time, the detection light of the fingerprint detection area can be made more
  • the fingerprint detection light of higher quality can be uniformly obtained, and the detection light can be prevented from directly entering the fingerprint sensor 520 and causing interference to the detection of its fingerprint image.
  • the fingerprint identification device shown in FIGS. 12 and 13 has a compact structure, which can reduce the volume of the fingerprint identification device, thereby reducing the area of the non-display area of the LCD screen that the fingerprint identification device needs to occupy, and increasing the screen occupation of the LCD screen ratio.
  • the fingerprint recognition device includes one reflection device or two reflection devices, but the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto, and the fingerprint recognition device may further include more reflection devices.
  • the solutions described above for reducing the interference to the fingerprint sensor imaging, the solution for increasing the area of the fingerprint detection area, and the solution for improving the installation position of the light emitting unit can be implemented separately or combined with each other.
  • Embodiments of the present application There is no specific limitation on this.
  • the size of the reflective area 511 of the first reflective device 510 and the size of the reflective area 511 of the first reflective device 510 may be combined with the solution shown in FIGS.
  • the position is defined or the non-reflective area 512 is set to avoid the light signal reflected on the surface of the fingerprint sensor 520 re-reflecting the first reflection device 510 and then reaching the fingerprint sensor 520 again, causing interference to the fingerprint imaging of the fingerprint sensor 520.
  • FIGS. 4-13 are only schematic diagrams, and the size, structure, and ratio of each device shown in the figure do not represent the size, structure, and ratio of real products.
  • the structure shown in FIG. 4 to FIG. 13 is only one possible implementation, and the backlight module in the figure can be extended below the fingerprint recognition device in the non-display area, that is, the fingerprint recognition device is located in the backlight Above the module.
  • the backlight module in the figure may not extend below the fingerprint recognition device in the non-display area, that is, the fingerprint recognition device is located beside the backlight module.
  • the size of the backlight module and the LCD display The size of the display area of the screen is basically the same.
  • the backlight module may also adopt a special-shaped structure, for example, a non-display area extending downward at the position of the non-display area of the liquid crystal display screen to accommodate the fingerprint recognition device.
  • the backlight module has a stepped area extending downward in the non-display area, and the fingerprint recognition device may be disposed in the stepped area to reduce the thickness of the electronic device.
  • the above describes the off-screen fingerprint recognition device provided by the embodiment of the present application in detail, and the electronic device according to the embodiment of the present application is described below with reference to FIG. 15.
  • the electronic device can be used for off-screen fingerprint recognition, and the electronic device can include the above description Any kind of off-screen fingerprint recognition device, so for the part that is not described in detail, please refer to the above description, and it will not be repeated here.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of an electronic device 1300 provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the electronic device 1300 can support off-screen fingerprint identification.
  • the electronic device 1300 includes the fingerprint identification device 1320 described above.
  • the electronic device may include the fingerprint identification device shown in FIGS. 7-14.
  • the electronic device 1300 may include a liquid crystal display 1310.
  • the liquid crystal display 1310 may include a liquid crystal panel and a backlight module, wherein a glass cover may be provided above the liquid crystal panel.
  • the liquid crystal display 1310 may include a display area and a non-display area, wherein the fingerprint detection area of the fingerprint identification device 1320 is located in the display area of the liquid crystal display 1310, and the fingerprint identification device 1320 is disposed below the non-display area of the liquid crystal display 1310 .
  • the fingerprint recognition device 1320 can receive an optical signal formed by reflection or scattering of the finger above the fingerprint detection area, and detect the fingerprint information of the finger according to the received optical signal.
  • each component in the under-screen fingerprint identification device is connected through a bus system, where the bus system includes a power bus, a control bus, and a status signal bus in addition to a data bus.
  • the fingerprint recognition device is applied to the liquid crystal display screen to realize on-screen fingerprint recognition
  • the fingerprint recognition device provided by the present application can also be applied to other types of displays Screen, such as an OLED display.
  • the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application may essentially be a part that contributes to the existing technology or a part of the technical solution may be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product is stored in a storage medium , Including several instructions to enable a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the method described in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the foregoing storage media include various media that can store program codes, such as a U disk, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory, a random access memory, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.
  • the division of units or modules or components in the device embodiments described above is only a logical function division, and there may be other divisions in actual implementation, for example, multiple units or modules or components may be combined or integrated To another system, or some units or modules or components can be ignored, or not implemented.
  • the units / modules / components described as separate / display components may or may not be physically separated, that is, they may be located in one place, or may be distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units / modules / components may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the objectives of the embodiments of the present application.
  • coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed above may be indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and may be electrical, mechanical or other forms .

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Abstract

本申请实施例公开了一种指纹识别装置和电子设备，能够适用于液晶显示屏并能够提高指纹检测性能。该指纹识别装置适用于具有液晶显示屏的电子设备，液晶显示屏包括液晶面板和背光模组，指纹识别装置的指纹探测区域位于所述液晶显示屏的显示区域；指纹识别装置包括指纹传感器，和包括第一反射装置和第二反射装置的反射组件，指纹传感器用于设置在液晶面板的非显示区域下方，第一反射装置朝向所述指纹传感器的感光面；第二反射装置用于将在指纹探测区域上方的手指反射或散射形成的并穿过液晶面板的指纹检测光反射至第一反射装置，第一反射装置用于将指纹检测光反射至指纹传感器，以便于指纹传感器根据指纹检测光检测手指的指纹信息。

Description

指纹识别装置和电子设备
本申请要求于2018年10月15日提交中国专利局、申请号为PCT/CN2018/110297，以及于2019年01月22日提交中国专利局、申请号为PCT/CN2019/072598的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请实施例涉及屏下指纹识别领域，并且更具体地，涉及一种指纹识别装置和电子设备。
背景技术
目前，屏下指纹识别技术在手机等电子设备中的应用越来越广泛，但是，由于屏下指纹识别装置需要设置在显示屏的下方，一般仅可以适用于OLED显示屏等自发光显示屏。而对于应用最为广泛的液晶显示(liquid crystal display，LCD)屏以及其他被动式显示屏幕，由于显示面板是通过背光模组提供光源，而背光模组具有不透光性，导致目前屏下指纹识别装置无法应用在采用液晶显示屏的电子设备来实现屏下指纹检测，因此限制了屏下指纹识别技术的应用场景。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供了一种指纹识别装置和电子设备，能够适用于液晶显示屏并提高指纹检测性能。
第一方面，提供了一种屏下指纹识别装置，适用于具有液晶显示屏的电子设备，所述液晶显示屏包括液晶面板和背光模组，所述指纹识别装置的指纹探测区域位于所述液晶显示屏的显示区域；所述屏下指纹识别装置包括指纹传感器和反射组件，所述指纹传感器用于设置在所述液晶面板的非显示区域下方，所述反射组件包括第一反射装置和第二反射装置，所述第一反射装置朝向所述指纹传感器的感光面；所述第二反射装置用于将在所述液晶显示屏的指纹探测区域上方的手指反射或散射形成的并穿过所述液晶面板的指纹检测光反射至所述第一反射装置，所述第一反射装置用于将所述指纹检测 光反射至所述指纹传感器，所述指纹传感器用于接收所述第一反射装置反射的指纹检测光，并根据所述指纹检测光检测所述手指的指纹信息。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述第一反射装置包括反光区域，其中所述反光区域设置在所述指纹传感器的上方且使得所述指纹检测光在所述指纹传感器表面反射形成的光信号无法再次进入所述反光区域。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述第一反射装置的反光区域平行于所述指纹传感器的感光面，且所述反光区域的中心偏离所述指纹传感器的感光面的中心。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述第一反射装置还包括非反光区域，所述非反光区域邻近所述反光区域，用于接收所述指纹检测光在所述指纹传感器表面反射形成的光信号。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述指纹传感器包括具有多个光学感应单元的感应阵列，所述指纹传感器检测到的指纹检测光包括近端光信号和远端光信号，其中，所述近端光信号为所述指纹传感器靠近所述指纹探测区域的光学感应单元接收到的指纹检测光，所述远端光信号为所述指纹传感器远离所述指纹探测区域的光学感应单元接收到的指纹检测光。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述近端光信号在所述指纹传感器的表面发生部分反射之后形成的光信号无法进入所述第一反射装置的反光区域。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述远端光信号是从所述第一反射装置的反光区域的边缘位置反射到所述指纹传感器。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述屏下指纹识别装置还包括光学镜头，所述光学镜头垂直或者倾斜设置在所述第二反射装置和第一反射装置之间，用于将所述第二反射装置反射的指纹检测光聚焦到所述第一反射装置。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述第二反射装置靠近所述液晶显示屏的指纹探测区域，且所述第二反射装置的反射面和所述指纹传感器的感应面均朝向所述液晶面板。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述第一反射装置和所述第二反射装置中的至少一个相对于所述指纹传感器的感光面倾斜设置，以增大所述屏下指纹识别装置在所述液晶显示屏的指纹探测区域的面积。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述第一反射装置相对所述指纹传感器的感光面具有第一倾斜角度，所述第二反射装置平行于所述指纹传感器的感光 面，其中所述第一倾斜角度大于0且小于或等于2°。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述第二反射装置相对所述指纹传感器的感光面具有第二倾斜角度，所述第一反射装置平行于所述指纹传感器的感光面，其中所述第二倾斜角度大于0且小于或等于2°。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述第一反射装置和所述第二反射装置相较于所述指纹传感器的感光面均进行倾斜设置，且所述第一反射装置相对于所述第二反射装置的倾斜角度大于0且小于或等于4°。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述第二反射装置包括凸面镜，所述凸面镜用于增大所述屏下指纹识别装置在所述液晶显示屏的指纹探测区域的面积。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述凸面镜包括基底和形成在所述基底的凸面结构，所述凸面结构表面设置有反射涂层。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述屏下指纹识别装置还包括发光单元，所述发光单元用于为所述指纹传感器提供探测光，其中所述探测光用于在所述指纹探测区域上方的手指发生反射或散射来形成所述指纹检测光
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述发光单元和所述指纹传感器设置在同一个柔性电路板，并通过所述柔性电路板连接到外部电路。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述发光单元周围还设置有导光柱，所述导光柱用于将所述发光单元发射的探测光导引到所述液晶显示屏的指纹探测区域。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述发光单元周围还设置有导光柱，所述导光柱用于将所述发光单元发射的探测光导引到所述液晶显示屏。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述屏下指纹识别装置包括两个或多个发光单元，且所述两个或多个发光单元分别设置在所述第二反射装置的两侧，所述两个或多个发光单元相比于所述指纹传感器更靠近所述指纹探测区域。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述指纹传感器和所述反射组件用于设置在所述液晶显示屏的背光模组上方或者位于所述背光模组的侧面。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述第二反射装置至少部分延伸到所述液晶面板的显示区域下方，且所述第二反射装置可透射所述背光模组发出的背光并反射所述指纹检测光。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述背光模组在所述液晶面板的非显示区域位置具有向下延伸的异形结构以形成避让空间，所述指纹传感器和所述反射 组件设置在所述避让空间。
第二方面，提供了一种电子设备，包括液晶显示屏以及如第一方面或其任意可能的实现方式中的屏下指纹识别装置，其中所述液晶显示屏包括液晶面板和背光模组，所述屏下指纹识别装置设置在所述液晶面板的非显示区域下方，并位于所述背光模组的上方。
第三方面，提供了一种指纹识别装置，包括指纹传感器、光学镜头和反射组件，所述反射组件包括第一反射装置和第二反射装置，所述第一反射装置朝向所述指纹传感器的感光面，所述光学镜头设置在所述第一反射装置和所述第二反射装置之间，其中，所述第二反射装置用于将指纹检测光反射至所述光学镜头，所述光学镜头用于将所述指纹检测光聚焦到所述第一反射装置，所述第一反射装置用于将来自所述光学镜头的指纹检测光反射至所述指纹传感器，所述指纹传感器用于接收所述第一反射装置反射的指纹检测光，并根据所述指纹检测光检测手指的指纹信息。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述指纹检测光为在显示屏的显示区域上方的手指反射或散射形成并返回的光信号。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述第一反射装置包括反光区域，其中所述反光区域设置在所述指纹传感器的上方且使得所述指纹检测光在所述指纹传感器表面反射形成的光信号无法再次进入所述反光区域。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述第一反射装置的反光区域平行于所述指纹传感器的感光面，且至多部分覆盖所述指纹传感器的感光面。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述第一反射装置还包括非反光区域，所述非反光区域邻近所述反光区域，用于接收所述指纹检测光在所述指纹传感器表面反射形成的光信号。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述指纹传感器包括具有多个光学感应单元的感应阵列，所述指纹传感器靠近所述光学镜头一端的光学感应单元检测到的指纹检测光包括近端光信号，其中所述近端光信号在所述指纹传感器的表面发生部分反射之后形成的光信号无法进入所述第一反射装置的反光区域。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述指纹传感器远离所述光学镜头一端的光学感应单元检测到的指纹检测光包括远端光信号，所述远端光信号是从所述第一反射装置的反光区域的边缘位置反射到所述指纹传感器。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述第一反射装置和所述第二反射装置中至 少一个相对于所述指纹传感器的感光面进行倾斜设置。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述第一反射装置相对所述指纹传感器的感光面具有第一倾斜角度，所述第二反射装置平行于所述指纹传感器的感光面，其中所述第一倾斜角度大于0且小于或等于2°。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述第二反射装置相对所述指纹传感器的感光面具有第二倾斜角度，所述第一反射装置平行于所述指纹传感器的感光面，其中所述第二倾斜角度大于0且小于或等于2°。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述第一反射装置和所述第二反射装置相较于所述指纹传感器的感光面均进行倾斜设置，且所述第一反射装置相对于所述第二反射装置的倾斜角度大于0且小于或等于4°。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述第二反射装置包括凸面镜，所述凸面镜包括凸面结构，所述凸面结构表面设置有反射涂层。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述指纹识别装置还包括发光单元，所述发光单元用于为所述指纹传感器提供探测光，其中所述探测光用以照射到手指以形成所述指纹检测光。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述发光单元和所述指纹传感器设置在同一个柔性电路板，并通过所述柔性电路板连接到外部电路。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述发光单元周围还设置有导光柱，所述导光柱用于将所述发光单元发射的探测光导引到预设的指纹探测区域，以在所述指纹探测区域上方的手指反射或散射来形成所述指纹检测光。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述发光单元周围还设置有导光柱，所述导光柱用于将所述发光单元发射的探测光导引到所述显示屏，以在所述显示屏的所述指纹探测区域上方的手指反射或散射来形成所述指纹检测光。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述指纹识别装置包括两个或多个发光单元，且所述两个或多个发光单元分别设置在所述第二反射装置的两侧，所述两个或多个发光单元位于所述指纹传感器的前方。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述光学镜头包括至少一个透镜以及微孔光阑，其中所述微孔光阑的中心与所述至少一个透镜的光学中心不相对准。
第四方面，提供了一种屏下指纹识别装置，包括如第三方面及其任意可能的实现方式中的指纹识别装置，其中，所述指纹识别装置用于设置在显示屏的下方，且所述指纹识别装置的指纹探测区域位于所述显示屏的显示区 域。
在一些可能的实现方式中，所述显示屏为包括液晶面板和背光模组的液晶显示屏，其中所述指纹识别装置用于设置在所述液晶面板的非显示区域下方，并位于所述背光模组的上方，以检测来自所述液晶面板的显示区域上方的手指形成并穿过所述液晶面板返回至所述液晶面板的非显示区域的指纹检测光。
本申请实施例提供的技术方案中，指纹识别装置可以包括两个反射装置，指纹传感器用于接收经过两个反射装置反射后的指纹检测光，因此能够延长手指反射的指纹检测光至指纹传感器的光线的路径，从而能够增大指纹探测区域的面积，使得有更多的光线能够入射至指纹传感器，提高指纹识别的成功率。
附图说明
图1是本申请实施例提供的一种屏下指纹识别的应用场景的示意图。
图2是本申请实施例提供的一种背光模组的结构示意图。
图3是本申请实施例提供的传统屏下指纹识别装置应用的电子设备的结构示意图。
图4是本申请实施例提供的一种屏下指纹识别装置的结构示意图。
图5是本申请实施例提供的另一种屏下指纹识别装置的结构示意图。
图6是本申请实施例提供的另一种屏下指纹识别装置的结构示意图。
图7是本申请实施例提供的另一种屏下指纹识别装置的结构示意图。
图8是本申请实施例提供的另一种屏下指纹识别装置的结构示意图。
图9是本申请实施例提供的另一种屏下指纹识别装置的结构示意图。
图10是本申请实施例提供的另一种屏下指纹识别装置的结构示意图。
图11是本申请实施例提供的一种第二反射装置的结构示意图。
图12是本申请实施例提供的另一种屏下指纹识别装置的结构示意图。
图13是本申请实施例提供的另一种屏下指纹识别装置的结构示意图。
图14是本申请实施例提供的另一种屏下指纹识别装置的结构示意图。
图15是本申请实施例提供的一种电子设备的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
本申请实施例可以应用于指纹系统，包括但不限于光学、超声波或其他指纹识别系统和基于光学、超声波或其他指纹成像的医疗诊断产品，本申请实施例仅以光学指纹系统为例进行说明，但不应对本申请实施例构成任何限定，本申请实施例同样适用于其他采用光学、超声波或其他成像技术的系统等。
本申请实施例的技术方案除了可以进行指纹识别外，还可以进行其他生物特征识别，例如，活体识别等，本申请实施例对此也不限定。
本申请实施例的技术方案可以应用于各种电子设备，更具体地，可以应用于具有显示屏的电子设备。例如智能手机、笔记本电脑、平板电脑、游戏设备等便携式或移动计算设备，以及电子数据库、汽车、银行自动柜员机(automated teller machine，ATM)等其他电子设备，但本申请实施例对此并不限定。
更具体地，在上述电子设备中，指纹识别装置可以具体为光学指纹装置，其可以设置在显示屏下方的局部区域或者全部区域，从而形成屏下(under-display)光学指纹系统。下面将结合附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行描述。
需要说明的是，为便于说明，在本申请的实施例中，相同的附图标记表示相同的部件，并且为了简洁，在不同实施例中，省略对相同部件的详细说明。
应理解，附图示出的本申请实施例中的各种部件的厚度、长宽等尺寸，以及屏下指纹识别装置的整体厚度、长宽等尺寸仅为示例性说明，而不应对本申请构成任何限定。
图1是屏下指纹识别装置可以适用的终端设备的结构示意图，该终端设备100包括显示屏120和指纹识别装置130，其中，该指纹识别装置130设置在该显示屏120下方的局部区域。该指纹识别装置130包括具有多个光学感应单元的感应阵列，该感应阵列所在区域为该指纹识别装置130的指纹探测区域103。
如图1所示，该显示屏120可以包括显示区域102和非显示区域105，该指纹探测区域103位于该显示屏120的显示区域102之中，因此，使用者在需要对该终端设备进行解锁或者其他指纹验证的时候，只需要将手指按压在位于该显示屏120的指纹探测区域103，便可以实现指纹输入。由于指纹 检测可以在屏内实现，因此采用上述结构的终端设备100无需其正面专门预留空间来设置指纹按键(比如Home键)，因而可以采用全面屏方案，即该显示屏120的显示区域可以基本扩展到该终端设备100的整个正面。
该显示屏120可以为液晶显示屏(liquid crystal display，LCD)或者其他被动发光显示屏。
可选地，该显示屏120具体可以为触控显示屏，其不仅可以进行画面显示，还可以检测用户的触摸或者按压操作，从而为用户提供一个人机交互界面。比如，在一种实施例中，该终端设备100可以包括触摸传感器，所述触摸传感器可以具体为触控面板(touch panel，TP)，其可以设置在所述显示屏120表面，也可以部分集成或者整体集成到所述显示屏120内部，从而形成所述触控显示屏。
应当理解的是，在具体实现上，终端设备100还包括透明保护盖板，该盖板可以为玻璃盖板或者蓝宝石盖板，其位于该显示屏120的上方并覆盖该终端设备100的正面。本申请实施例中，所谓的手指按压在该显示屏120上实际可以指按压在该显示屏120上方的盖板或者覆盖该盖板的保护层表面。
作为一种可选的实现方式，如图1所示，该指纹识别装置130包括至少一个光检测部分134和光学组件132，该光检测部分134包括该感应阵列以及与该感应阵列电连接的读取电路及其他辅助电路，其可以在通过半导体工艺制作在一个芯片(die)；该光学组件132可以设置在该光检测部分134的感应阵列的上方，其可以具体包括滤光层(filter)、导光层以及其他光学元件，该滤光层可以用于滤除穿透手指的环境光，而该导光层主要用于从手指表面反射或散射形成的指纹检测光导引至该感应阵列进行光学检测。
在具体实现上，该多个光学组件132可以与该至少一个光检测部分134封装在同一个光学指纹芯片。其中，该导光层可以具体为在半导体硅片制作而成的透镜(lens)层，其具有多个透镜单元，从手指反射回来的反射光经该透镜单元，并被其下方的光学感应单元接收，据此，该感应阵列可以检测出手指的指纹图像。
本申请实施例可以应用在具有一个指纹识别装置和一个指纹探测区域的电子设备中，也可以应用在具有多个指纹识别装置和多个指纹探测区域的电子设备中。
应理解，在本申请实施例中，光学传感器也可以称之为图像传感器，光 电传感器或者指纹传感器，经半导体工艺加工处理可以制作成一个芯片，即所述芯片包括图像传感器。
在某些情况下，本申请实施例中的光学传感器也可以称为光学指纹装置、光学指纹识别模组、指纹装置、指纹识别装置、指纹识别模组、指纹模组、指纹采集装置等。
目前的屏下指纹识别技术基本都应用在OLED或有源矩阵有机发光二极管(active-matrix OLED，AMOLED)等自发光的手机屏幕上，利用OLED屏幕像素自发光作为光源光线照射到手指上经过手指的反射，并穿过OLED屏幕像素之间的缝隙，被屏下的指纹传感器接收到，实现指纹图像的采集和指纹识别。
然而，LCD屏幕与OLED屏幕存在较大的不同，LCD屏幕采用背光模组提供背光源，背光模组发出的背光可以照亮液晶面板以使液晶面板显示影像。
图2是LCD屏幕的结构示意图。所述LCD屏幕可以包括玻璃盖板230、液晶面板240和背光模组220。玻璃盖板230可以设置在所述液晶面板240上方，所述液晶面板240可以包括液晶层，背光模组220设置在所述液晶面板240的下方，且可以包括叠层设置的增亮膜250、匀光膜260、导光板270、反射膜280和钢板补强290。作为一种可选的实施例，所述LCD显示屏还可以为触控显示屏，其包括触控层，所述触控层可以设置在所述玻璃盖板230和所述液晶面板240之间，也可以部分或全部集成在所述液晶面板240内部。另外，所述玻璃盖板230也可以与所述液晶面板相互贴合形成一个面板组件210。
以波长为850nm的光为例，背光模组各膜层的光线透过率如表1所示。
表1
背光模组膜层 光线透过率
反射膜 1.00％
导光板 60％
增亮膜 1.40％
匀光膜 3.80％
钢板补强 0.00％
总透过率 0.00％
由表1可知，背光模组的对光线的总透过率为0％，即背光模组不透光。
图3为一种基于LCD屏幕的屏下指纹识别系统的结构示意图。背光模组320或者其他光源发出的光信号可以穿过液晶面板310到达手指，经过手指反射后形成的指纹检测光可以到达背光模组320。但是由于背光模组320的不透光性，导致经过手指反射回来的指纹检测光无法穿透背光模组，无法被LCD屏幕下方的指纹识别模组330接收到，因此无法形成屏下指纹的光信号探测回路。其中，指纹识别模组330可以包括指纹传感器，该指纹传感器可用于根据接收到的手指反射或散射的光信号进行指纹识别。
由于背光模组的光学特性，使得经由手指反射后的光信号在传输至指纹识别模组的过程中，能量损耗非常大，进而导致无法实现指纹识别。因此，直接将指纹识别模组330设置在OLED屏幕下方的OLED屏下指纹识别方案并不适用于LCD屏幕。
为了实现LCD屏幕的屏下指纹识别，一种实现方式是将指纹传感器410设置在LCD屏幕的玻璃盖板430或者液晶面板下方的非显示区域，并通过光路设计将指纹探测区域440设置在LCD屏幕的显示区域，如图4所示。也就是说，指纹传感器410不是设置在背光模组420的下方，而是设置在背光模组420的上方，或设置在背光模组420的旁边。这样，指纹激励光源提供的探测光(又可以称为指纹激励光)在该LCD屏幕的指纹探测区域440上方的手指反射或散射形成的指纹检测光，在穿过所述玻璃盖板和液晶面板之后便可以返回到所述指纹传感器410，也即是说，所述指纹检测光无需穿过背光模组420即可到达指纹传感器410，并被指纹传感器410接收以检测到手指的指纹信息或指纹图像，从而能够实现LCD屏幕的屏下指纹识别。
指纹传感器设置在背光模组的上方，可以理解为指纹传感器设置在背光模组的上方，玻璃盖板的下方，即指纹传感器可以设置在背光模组和玻璃盖板之间。
指纹传感器设置在背光模组的旁边，可以理解为指纹传感器可以与背光模组大致设置在同一层，均位于玻璃盖板的下方，且背光模组的尺寸可小于玻璃盖板的尺寸。
本申请实施例提及的液晶显示屏(即LCD屏幕)的显示区域是指液晶面板可以显示画面的区域，其具体可以指液晶显示屏上能够被背光模组照亮的区域。
为了增大指纹探测区域的面积，本申请实施例提供的屏下指纹识别装置除了包括指纹传感器410之外，还可以包括第一反射装置460，如图5所示。该第一反射装置460可朝向所述指纹传感器410的感光面设置，用于将在LCD屏幕的指纹探测区域上方的手指反射或散射形成并穿过该液晶面板返回的指纹检测光反射到所述指纹传感器410。该指纹识别装置还可以包括光学镜头470，该光学镜头470可以垂直或者倾斜设置在该第一反射装置460的前方，所谓前方是指在上述手指反射或散射形成的指纹检测光传输到所述指纹传感器410的指纹检测光路中，该指纹检测光首先经过该光学镜头470，然后才传输到该第一反射装置。其中，该光学镜头470可以将上述指纹检测光聚焦至第一反射装置460，以使第一反射装置460可以进一步将该指纹检测光反射至指纹传感器410。由于第一反射装置460可以在该指纹检测光被指纹传感器410接收之前对该指纹检测光进行反射，因此能够延长该反射光入射至指纹传感器410的光线的路径，从而能够增大指纹探测区域的面积，使得有更多的光线能够入射至指纹传感器410，提高指纹识别的成功率。
可选地，该指纹识别装置还可以包括发光单元450，该发光单元450可以位于玻璃盖板430的非显示区域的下方，并用于向显示屏发射光信号，为指纹识别提供光源。
进一步地，本申请实施例还提供了另一种屏下指纹识别装置，能够进一步增大指纹探测区域的面积。如图6所示，该屏下指纹识别装置应用在具有LCD屏幕的电子设备中，该LCD屏幕可包括玻璃盖板501、液晶面板502以及背光模组503。该LCD屏幕具有显示区域和非显示区域，其中该显示区域为该液晶面板502显示画面的区域，所以也可以称为该液晶面板502的显示区域；该非显示区域可以为位于该液晶面板502边缘的区域(比如智能手机等终端设备的下巴区域)，其中，屏下指纹识别装置的指纹探测区域570位于该LCD屏幕的显示区域，屏下指纹识别装置可设置在LCD屏幕的液晶面板502的非显示区域下方，并位于背光模组503的上方。
屏下指纹识别装置可包括第一反射装置510、第二反射装置530、光学镜头540以及指纹传感器520。该第二反射装置530、该光学镜头540、该第一反射装置510和指纹传感器520依序设置在该屏下指纹识别装置的屏下指纹检测光路，其中，该第二反射装置530和该第一反射装置510在该光学镜头540对从手指反射或散射形成的指纹检测光进行汇聚的前后分别对该指纹 检测光进行反射，即该指纹检测光入射到该指纹传感器520之前被经过二次反射从而增长屏下指纹识别光路。
具体地，第二反射装置530可以设置在光学镜头540的前方，其可用于接收所述LCD屏幕的指纹探测区域570上方的手指反射或散射形成并穿过该玻璃盖板501和该液晶面板502的指纹检测光，所述指纹检测光由于是在所述手指反射或散射形成的返回光，因此其携带有所述手指的指纹信息；并且，所述第二反射装置530可以进一步将接收到的指纹检测光进行第一次反射，以使该指纹检测光传输至光学镜头540，该光学镜头540可以将该指纹检测光进行聚焦并引导至第一反射装置510。然后，第一反射装置510可以将其接收到的指纹检测光进行第二次反射，以使该指纹检测光传输至指纹传感器520。
该第二反射装置530的反射面可以朝向LCD屏幕的液晶面板，第一反射装置510的反射面和第二反射装置530的反射面相对设置，即第一反射装置510的反射面朝向第二反射装置530的反射面，以便于经过第二反射装置530反射的指纹检测光在经过光学镜头540汇聚之后能够到达第一反射装置510。光学镜头540侧立设置在第一反射装置510和第二反射装置530之间，能够将经过第二反射装置530反射的指纹检测光聚焦至第一反射装置510。指纹传感器520的感光面朝向第一反射装置510，以用于接收第一反射装置510反射的指纹检测光，并基于所述指纹检测光检测上述手指的指纹信息或者指纹图像。
其中，光学镜头540可以相对于LCD屏幕垂直设置，也可以相对LCD屏幕具有一定倾斜角度。具体地，光学镜头540可以包括至少一个透镜和微孔光阑，其中所述微孔光阑的中心与所述至少一个透镜的光学中心之间采用非对准(off-center)设计，以提高光学性能。另外，第一反射装置510和第二反射装置530可以均为反射镜。
由于从手指返回并穿过液晶面板的指纹检测光在入射至指纹传感器540之前需要经过两个反射装置的两次反射，因此采用两个反射装置能够进一步增大入射至指纹传感器的光线路径，从而能够进一步增大在LCD屏幕的指纹探测区域的有效面积，因此，光源提供的探测光在经过LCD屏幕的指纹探测区域上方的手指反射或散射可以形成更多的指纹检测光并入射至指纹传感器，提高指纹识别的成功率。
图6所示的屏下指纹识别装置在增加LCD屏幕的指纹探测区域面积的同时，不会对指纹识别装置的厚度和宽度造成很大影响，因此该方案能够有利于减薄电子设备的厚度，以及减小电子设备的非显示区域的面积，有利于提高电子设备的屏占比。
作为图6所示的屏下指纹识别装置的一种变形实现方案，该屏下指纹识别装置的第二反射装置530也可以至少部分延伸到所述LCD屏幕的显示区域下方；其中，该第二反射装置530的透射波长可以包括能够透射背光模组503发出的背光(即可见光)，且其反射波长可以包括指纹探测光源发出的探测光的波长，即可以反射所述探测光在照射到手指而形成的并穿过液晶面板502的指纹检测光。采用上述方案可以进一步减少屏下指纹识别装置的宽度，从而使得LCD屏幕的非显示区域的面积更小，更有利于提高电子设备的正面屏占比，实现超窄下巴的整体外观。
图6所示的屏下指纹识别装置的结构中，入射至指纹传感器520的两侧边缘位置的光信号505和506决定了指纹探测区域570的边缘位置，从而决定了LCD屏幕的显示区域中用于指纹识别的指纹探测区域570的面积。为方便描述，将光信号505称为远端光信号，将光信号506称为近端光信号。
在所述屏下指纹装置的光路设计中，远端光信号505和近端光信号506的光路可以是根据指纹传感器520的边缘位置、第一反射装置510的位置以及光学镜头540的位置和曲率半径确定的。
通常，指纹传感器520为芯片结构，光信号在到达指纹传感器后，可能有部分光线会在指纹传感器的表面发生反射，如图7所示，近端光信号506在到达指纹传感器520后，可能会在指纹传感器520的表面发生反射，形成干扰光信号507，如图7中虚线所示。干扰光信号507在传输到第一反射装置510时会在第一反射装置510的表面进行再次反射，然后重新返回到指纹传感器520。该干扰光信号507到达指纹传感器520并被指纹传感器510的感应阵列接收后，会对指纹传感器520的指纹成像造成干扰，影响指纹检测。
基于上述问题，本申请实施例进一步提供了一种适用于LCD屏幕的屏下指纹识别装置，该屏下指纹识别装置在进行指纹识别时，能够减少对指纹传感器成像造成的干扰。
该指纹识别装置可应用于具有LCD屏幕的电子设备中，该屏下指纹识别装置可以设置在LCD屏幕的液晶面板的非显示区域的下方，且其指纹探 测区域位于该LCD屏幕的显示区域。
可选地，电子设备可以指智能手机、平板电脑或者其他移动终端，LCD屏幕的非显示区域可以对应于该移动终端的下巴区域，即，屏下指纹识别装置可以设置在该移动终端下巴区域的液晶面板下方。
如图8所示，该屏下指纹识别装置可以包括指纹传感器520和第一反射装置510，该第一反射装置510朝向该指纹传感器510的感光面设置，且包括反光区域511和非反光区域512，该反光区域511用于接收在LCD屏幕的指纹探测区域上方的手指反射或散射形成并穿过液晶面板的指纹检测光并将接收到的指纹检测光反射至指纹传感器520，其中该指纹检测光携带有上述手指的指纹信息。指纹传感器520可用于接收第一反射装置510反射的指纹检测光，并根据该指纹检测光检测该手指的指纹信息或指纹图像。
其中，所述指纹检测光具体可以是用于指纹检测的光源(又称为指纹检测光源或者探测光源)发出的探测光照射到所述LCD屏幕的指纹探测区域上方的手指而形成并穿过液晶面板返回的返回光，其中所述光源可以为具有特定波长的非可见光源，且其可以设置在LCD屏幕下方的边缘区域，比如玻璃盖板或者液晶面板边缘下方，并朝所述LCD屏幕的指纹探测区域发射所述探测光。
所述第一反射装置510的反光区域接收的指纹检测光，可以指第一反射装置510的反光区域511直接接收穿过液晶面板的指纹检测光；或者，也可以指第一反射装置510的反光区域511间接接收上述穿过液晶面板的指纹检测光，例如，上述穿过液晶面板的指纹检测光可以首先经过其他的反射装置反射和/或其他光源元件的光学处理后才到达第一反射装置510。如图8所示，手指反射的光信号先经过第二反射装置530的反射以及经过光学镜头540的光学聚焦后，才到达第一反射装置510。
其中，第一反射装置510的反光区域511可以通过尺寸、结构或位置等的设计或者配合第二反射装置530和光学镜头540的光路设计，可以使得从该反光区域511反射到指纹传感器520的指纹检测光在指纹传感器520的表面(比如感光面)发生反射所形成的光信号，无法再次进入该反光区域511。比如，第一反射装置510还可以设置有非反光区域512，上述指纹检测光在指纹传感器520表面发生反射形成的光信号最多只能进入第一反射装置510的非反光区域512，而由于第一反射装置510的非反光区域512不反光，从 而能够避免第一反射装置510将指纹传感器520反射的光信号再次反射至指纹传感器520而形成干扰光信号，对指纹传感器520的指纹成像造成干扰。
在本实施例中，第一反射装置510的反光区域511的设计使得该指纹检测光在指纹传感器520表面反射形成的光信号无法进入该反光区域511，可以指第一反射装置510的反光区域511能够使得在指纹传感器520的表面发生反射而形成的光信号中有部分光信号无法进入该反光区域511，或者也可以指在指纹传感器520发生反射而形成的全部光信号均无法进入该反光区域511。
当然，在其他替代实施例中，还可以通过该屏下指纹识别装置的内部结构设计或者光路设计使得在指纹传感器520表面发生反射形成的光信号即使传输到该第一反射装置510并发生再次反射，但是经过第一反射装置510再次反射的光信号也无法到达指纹传感器520，这样也不会对指纹传感器520的指纹成像造成干扰。
如上所述，第一反射装置510的反光区域511的设计可以包括反光区域511的位置设计、结构设计和尺寸设计。反光区域511的位置可以包括第一反射装置510的反光区域511在屏下指纹识别装置中的位置，反光区域511的尺寸可以包括反光区域511的长度和宽度。本申请实施例中，该第一反射装置510的反光区域511可以具有预设的长度和宽度，并在屏下指纹识别装置中可以通过以下方式进行设置：该第一反射装置510朝向该指纹传感器520并与该指纹传感器520的感光面相互平行，并且该第一反射装置510的反光区域511相较于该指纹传感器520的感光面更靠近该光学镜头540，即该反光区域511的中心偏离于该指纹传感器520的感光面的中心，比如该反光区域511至多只有部分覆盖到该指纹传感器520的感光面，从而避免在手指发生反射或散射形成的指纹检测光在被该第一反射装置510的反光区域反射至该指纹传感器510之后，即使有部分光在指纹传感器520表面发生再次反射，也无法重新到达该第一反射装置510的反光区域511。
作为一种实现方式，如上所述，第一反射装置510还可以包括非反光区域512，该非反光区域512可以邻近于该反光区域511，并覆盖所述指纹传感器520的感光面。比如，所述非反光区域512可以完全覆盖所述指纹传感器520的感光面或者只是部分覆盖所述指纹传感器520的感光面。所述非反光区域512可以用于接收在指纹传感器520表面反射的至少部分光信号，以 避免上述光信号进入反光区域511。
具体地，在该实现方式中，第一反射装置510可以包括反光区域511和非反光区域512，其中，反光区域511具有光线反射能力，可用于反射光信号；非反光区域512不具有光线反射能力，该不反光区域512可通过设置不反光涂层或者光吸收层来实现，例如，可以通过将非反光区域512涂黑来实现，如图8所示。反光区域511可用于接收手指反射或散射而形成并穿过液晶面板的指纹检测光，并将接收到的指纹检测光反射至指纹传感器520，而上述指纹检测光经过指纹传感器520表面出现反射所形成的光信号的部分或全部进入不反光区域512，这样能够阻挡指纹传感器520反射的光信号经过第一反射装置510的再次反射后成为干扰光信号并重新进入指纹传感器520，影响指纹传感器520的指纹成像。
作为另一种实现方式，第一反射装置510也可以仅包括反光区域511，即第一反射装置510的长度是由反光区域511的尺寸限定的。该方案在原技术的基础上，通过缩短第一反射装置510的长度，并通过将该第一反射装置510设置在该指纹传感器520上方合适的位置，比如偏离该指纹传感器520预设距离，使得在指纹传感器520表面发生反射而形成的光信号无法到达第一反射装置510并再次反射进入该指纹传感器520，避免对指纹传感器520的指纹成像造成干扰。
可选地，指纹传感器520可接收第一光信号506，该第一光信号506为指纹传感器520上位于靠近LCD屏幕的指纹探测区域的位置的部分光学感应单元接收到的光信号，即该第一光信号506可以对应于该指纹传感器520接收到的近端光信号。该第一光信号506即使有部分在指纹传感器520的表面发生反射后形成的光信号无法进入该反光区域511。如果第一反射装置510包括非反光区域512，则在图8所示的屏下指纹识别装置中，第一光信号506在指纹传感器520的表面反射后会进入非反光区域512。这样只要近端光信号经过指纹传感器520表面的反射后形成的光信号无法到达反光区域511，就能保证上述指纹检测光即使在指纹传感器520发生反射形成的所有光信号均无法到达反光区域511，能够进一步降低对指纹传感器520的指纹成像造成的干扰。
上述指纹传感器520靠近LCD屏幕的指纹探测区域的位置，可以指指纹传感器520离光入射方向最近的区域，例如在图7或图8中，可以指该指 纹传感器520的最右端的区域；因此，位于上述位置的光学感应单元所接收到的指纹检测光即可以为该指纹传感器520的近端光信号。
该反光区域511还可接收第二光信号505，该第二光信号505为指纹传感器520位于远离LCD屏幕的指纹探测区域的位置的部分光学感应单元接收到的光信号，即该第二光信号505对应于该指纹传感器520接收到的远端光信号。该第二光信号505在第一反射装置510的反光区域511的反射位置靠近该反光区域511的边缘位置，在图8所示的实施例中，通过屏下指纹识别装置的内部光路设计使得指纹传感器520可以接收的远端光信号在经过第二反射装置530的第一次反射后能够被光学镜头540聚焦至第一反射装置510的反光区域511，便可以使得上述指纹检测光的绝大部分有效光信号都能够被指纹传感器520接收到，能够提高指纹传感器520的检测性能。
上述指纹传感器520远离指纹探测区域的位置，可以具体指该指纹传感器520离光入射方向最远的区域，例如在图7或图8中，可以指该指纹传感器520的最左端的区域；因此，位于上述位置的光学感应单元所接收到的指纹检测光即可以为该指纹传感器520的远端光信号。
本申请实施例中，远端光信号可以是从第一反射装置510的反光区域的边缘位置反射到指纹传感器520的光信号。
由此可见，第一反射装置510的反光区域511的尺寸和位置可以根据第一光信号506在第一反射装置510的二次反射点513，以及第二光信号505在第一反射装置510的反射点514进行确定。或者，也可以说，非反光区域512的位置可以根据第一光信号506在第一反射装置510的二次反射点513，以及第二光信号505在第一反射装置510的反射点514进行确定。其中，上述第一光信号506在第一反射装置510的二次反射点513是指该第一光信号506在被该第一反射装置510的反光区域511反射到该指纹传感器520，且其中部分被指纹传感器520表面再次反射并到达该第一反射装置510的位置。上述第二光信号505在第一反射装置510的反射点514是指该第二光信号505通过该光学镜头540聚焦到达在该第一反射装置510的反光区域并发生反射的位置。
本申请实施例可以将第一反射装置510远离指纹传感器520的一端至第一光信号506在第一反射装置510的二次反射点513之间的区域设置为非反光区域512，从而来避免对该指纹传感器520的指纹成像造成干扰。此外， 非反光区域512的设置还需要避免对第二光信号505在第一反射装置510的反光区域511的反射产生影响。
在本申请实施例中，反光区域511能够使得第二光信号505被反光区域511反射到指纹传感器520，从而保证LCD屏幕的指纹探测区域的光信号能够被指纹传感器520接收到，提高指纹检测性能。同时，非反光区域512能够使得在指纹传感器520表面发生反射形成的光信号不会在第一反射装置510进行再次反射而重新进入指纹传感器520，避免对指纹传感器510的指纹成像造成干扰。
在指纹识别装置包括两个反射装置的情况下，第二反射装置可以靠近液晶显示屏的指纹探测区域，即第二反射装置的中心相较于第一反射装置和指纹传感器的中心，更靠近指纹探测区域。其中，所述第二反射装置的反射面和所述指纹传感器的感应面可以均朝向所述液晶面板，第一反射装置的反射面可以朝向指纹传感器的感光面。
上文描述的技术方案可以适用于包括一个反射装置的屏下指纹识别装置中，也可以适用于包括两个或多个反射装置的屏下指纹识别装置中，不论屏下指纹识别装置包括几个反射装置，均可通过对朝向指纹传感器的反射装置的反光区域进行结构、尺寸或者位置设计，来减少在指纹传感器发生反射的光信号再次到达该反光区域并再次反射至指纹传感器，降低对指纹传感器的指纹成像造成影响。
但是，随着技术的发展，电子设备(如手机、平板电脑等移动智能终端)为了追求美观和屏占比，用户对电子设备的厚度和下巴宽度的要求越来越高，因此留给LCD屏幕的屏下指纹识别装置的厚度和宽度也有较多的限制，从而制约了屏下指纹识别装置的尺寸。指纹识别装置的尺寸受限后，会影响LCD屏幕的指纹探测区域的面积，如果该指纹探测区域的面积过小，会影响指纹识别的成功率。也就是说，LCD屏幕的屏下指纹识别装置的尺寸变小后，其接收到的手指反射或散射而形成的指纹检测光的信号量会变少，从而会影响指纹识别的成功率。
如图6所示，在屏下指纹识别装置的结构确定后，近端光信号506和远端光信号505的光路就已经确定。远端光信号505在第一反射装置510的反射路径可以根据指纹传感器520的远离LCD屏幕的指纹探测区域的端点位置、第一反射装置510以及光学镜头540的结构、尺寸和位置来确定。因此， 可以根据第一反射装置510的光路的方向反推出指纹传感器520可以接收到的指纹检测光来自该LCD屏幕的指纹探测区域的位置，从而能够确定指纹探测区域的边界位置。
在如图6所示的屏下指纹识别装置的结构中，第一反射装置510和第二反射装置530平行设置，假设光源提供的探测光在LCD屏幕的指纹探测区域570上方的手指发生反射或散射所形成并穿过液晶面板502的指纹检测光在第二反射装置530的入射光线与反射光线之间的夹角为α，第二反射装置520的反射光线经过光学镜头540聚焦之后在第一反射装置530的入射光线与反射光线之间的夹角为β，其中，夹角β可以根据指纹传感器520的远离指纹探测区域570的端点位置、第一反射装置510以及光学镜头540的结构、尺寸和位置来确定，根据反射原理，也可以推导出夹角α，从而可以确定近端光信号506和远端光信号505在该LCD屏幕的指纹探测区域570上的位置，从而可以确定出该指纹探测区域570的位置和面积。
由上可知，在屏下指纹识别装置的位置确定后，该LCD屏幕的指纹探测区域570的位置面积就已确定，一般来说，上述指纹探测区域570的面积无法继续增大。
为适应电子设备的窄下巴设计要求，适用于LCD屏幕的屏下指纹识别装置的尺寸需要相应进行减小，但如上所述，如果屏下指纹识别装置的尺寸减小后，通过近端光信号和远端光信号确定的LCD屏幕的指纹探测区域的面积就会减小，从而影响指纹传感器的指纹识别性能。
基于上述问题，本申请实施例提供一种屏下指纹识别装置，能够在指纹识别装置的尺寸受限后，保证指纹识别的成功率。
该屏下指纹识别装置可应用于具有液晶显示屏(LCD屏幕)的电子设备，该屏下指纹识别装置可设置在液晶显示屏的非显示区域的下方，比如该液晶显示屏的液晶面板的非显示区域下方，该非显示区域一般来说是作为该液晶面板的走线区域以及驱动芯片安装区域。与图6所示的实施例相类似，该屏下指纹识别装置也可以包括指纹传感器、第一反射装置和第二反射装置，其中，该第一反射装置和该第二反射装置中的至少一个反射装置可以相对于指纹传感器的感应面具有预设的倾斜角，比如，在该第一反射装置和该第二反射装置的一个与该指纹传感器的感应面平行时，该第一反射装置可以相对该第二反射装置进行倾斜设置。
在第一反射装置相对第二反射装倾斜设置的情况下，在LCD屏幕的指纹探测区域上方的手指反射或散射形成的指纹检测光可包括第三光信号，该第三光信号经过所述第二反射装置的反射以及光学镜头的聚焦后到达所述第一反射装置，并经第一反射装置反射至指纹传感器远离指纹探测区域的位置。
在第一反射装置和第二反射装置平行设置的情况下，在LCD屏幕的指纹探测区域上方的手指反射或散射而形成的指纹检测光包括第四光信号，该第四光信号经过所述第二反射装置的反射以及光学镜头的聚焦后到达所述第一反射装置，并经第一反射装置反射至指纹传感器远离指纹探测区域的位置。
其中，所述第三光信号在所述第二反射装置的入射光线与反射光线之间的夹角，大于所述第四光信号在所述第二反射装置的入射光线与反射光线之间的夹角。
可选地，该第三光信号和第四光信号也可以是指该指纹传感器在该第一反射装置和该第二反射装置倾斜设置和平行设置这两种场景下分别可以接收到的远端光信号。
如图9和图10所示，当第一反射装置510和第二反射装置530相对平行时，远端光信号505(或称为第四光信号505)在第二反射装置530的入射光线和反射光线形成的夹角为α2；当第一反射装置510和第二反射装置530相对倾斜设置时，远端光信号504(或称为第三光信号504)在第二反射装置530的入射光线和反射光线形成的夹角为α1。本申请实施例中，第一反射装置510和第二反射装置530的相对倾斜设置，使得夹角α1大于夹角α2，从而能够使得远端光信号504相较于LCD屏幕的显示面具有更大的倾斜角度，从而增大LCD屏幕的指纹探测区域面积。因此，第一反射装置510和第二反射装置530相对倾斜设置，能够增大屏下指纹识别装置在LCD屏幕的指纹探测区域的面积，提高指纹识别的成功率，提高指纹检测性能。
因此，在屏下指纹识别装置的尺寸受限后，本申请实施例的方案能够保证即使采用较少尺寸的屏下指纹识别装置也不会造成其在LCD屏幕的指纹探测区域的面积的减小，从而影响指纹检测性能。换句话说，本申请实施例提供的屏下指纹识别装置在采用相同的装置尺寸情况下能够增大指纹探测区域的面积，并且，在不影响指纹检测性能的前提下，能够通过减小屏下指 纹识别装置的整体尺寸进一步减小电子设备的下巴区域的宽度，提高屏占比。
在具体实施例中，第一反射装置相对第二反射装置倾斜设置可以包括，第一反射装置倾斜设置，第二反射装置倾斜设置，第一反射装置和第二反射装置同时倾斜三种情况。
作为一种实现方式，如图9所示，第一反射装置510相对指纹传感器520的感光面倾斜设置，即第一反射装置510相对于指纹传感器520的感光面具有第一倾斜角度，而第二反射装置530维持与该指纹传感器520的感光面平行设置，比如，将第一反射装置510沿逆时针方向倾斜一定的角度，从而能够使得夹角α1大于夹角α2。由于该指纹传感器520的感应面与该LCD屏幕的显示面平行，因此该第一反射装置510的倾斜设相当于与该LCD屏幕的显示面具有预设的倾斜角度。
作为一种优选的实施例，第一反射装置510相对指纹传感器520的感应面的第一倾斜角度可以大于0且小于或等于2°。
如果第一反射装置水平设置，如图9中第一反射装置510”所在的位置，则LCD屏幕的指纹探测区域570的面积可以是由远端光信号505和近端光信号506所限定的区域，远端光信号505和近端光信号506之间的光信号可以经过第二反射装置530的第一次反射、光学镜头540的聚焦和第一反射装置510”的第二次反射后到达指纹传感器520，而远端光信号505和近端光信号506所限定的区域之外的其他光信号无法传输至指纹传感器520。
而当第一反射装置倾斜后，如图9中第一反射装置510所在的位置，指纹传感器520能够接收到的远端光信号变为光信号504，由于第一反射装置510的倾斜，指纹传感器520能够接收到的远端光信号504相较于LCD屏幕的显示面具有更小的倾斜角度，相当于远端光信号504会向扩大指纹探测区域570的方向倾斜，从而能够增大指纹探测区域570的面积。
作为另一种实现方式，如图10所示，第二反射装置530相对指纹传感器520的感光面倾斜设置，即第二反射装置530相对所述指纹传感器530的感光面具有第二倾斜角度，而第一反射装置510维持与该指纹传感器520的感光面平行设置，比如，将第二反射装置530沿顺时针方向倾斜一定的角度，从而能够使得夹角α1大于夹角α2。由于该指纹传感器520的感应面与该LCD屏幕的显示面平行，因此该第二反射装置530的倾斜设置相当于与该LCD 屏幕的显示面具有预设的倾斜角度。
作为一种优选的实施例，第二反射装置530相对指纹传感器520的感应面的第二倾斜角度可以大于0且小于或等于2°。
如果第二反射装置水平设置，如图10中的第二反射装置530”所在的位置，则LCD屏幕的指纹探测区域570的面积可以是由远端光信号505和近端光信号506所限定的区域，远端光信号505和近端光信号506之间的光信号可以经过第二反射装置530”、第一次反射、光学镜头540的聚焦和第一反射装置510的第二次反射后到达指纹传感器520，而远端光信号505和近端光信号506所限定的区域之外的其他光信号无法传输至指纹传感器520。
而当第二反射装置倾斜后，如图10中第一反射装置530所在的位置，指纹传感器520能够接收到的远端光信号变为光信号504，由于第二反射装置510的倾斜，指纹传感器520能够接收到的远端光信号504相较于LCD屏幕的显示面具有更小的倾斜角度，也相当于远端光信号504会向扩大指纹探测区域570的方向倾斜，从而能够增大指纹探测区域570的面积。
作为又一实现方式，第一反射装置510和第二反射装置530相对于指纹传感器可以均进行倾斜设置，相当于将图9的第一反射装置510和图10的第二反射装置530结合的情况。由于第一反射装置510和第二反射装置530单独倾斜能够增大指纹探测区域570的面积，因此当第一反射装置510和第二反射装置530均以参照图9和图10的方式以相反倾斜方向进行倾斜时，也能够增大指纹探测区域570的面积。其中，第一反射装置510相对第二反射装置530的倾斜角度可以大于0且小于或等于4°，优选地，第一反射装置510相对第二反射装置530的倾斜角度大于0且小于或等于2°。
本申请实施例中，指纹传感器可以相对于液晶面板平行设置。反射装置相对于指纹传感器倾斜设置，也可以理解为反射装置相对于液晶面板倾斜设置。
此外，本申请实施例还提供另一种屏下指纹识别装置，其同样可以使得上述第二反射装置的入射光线和反射光线的夹角α1大于图6所示的夹角α2，从而能够增大指纹探测区域的面积，提高指纹识别的成功率，提高指纹检测性能。
在该屏下指纹识别装置中，第二反射装置530可以包括凸面镜。第二反射装置530进行凸面处理后，能够增大指纹探测区域的面积，提高指纹检测 性能。
第二反射装置530通过所述凸面镜的光路处理，可以使得远端光信号会向增大指纹探测区域的面积的方向倾斜，而近端光信号也会向增大指纹探测区域的面积的方向倾斜，从而能够更大程度上增大指纹探测区域的面积，提高指纹检测性能。
第二反射装置530的凸面镜的具体结构可以如图11所示。该凸面镜可以具体为凸面反射镜，该凸面镜可以包括基底532和形成在该基底532的凸面结构531，该凸面结构531的表面可设置有反射涂层，以用于将接收到的光信号进行反射。该基底532可以是透明的。
在本申请实施例提供的屏下指纹识别装置中，通过对反射装置进行结构调整时，如将第一反射装置和/或第二反射装置进行倾斜设置，或改变第二反射装置的反射面结构(如将第二反射装置设计为具有凸面镜)，来增大指纹探测区域的面积的方案，通过选择合适的倾斜角度和/或反射面结构，可以保证指纹传感器成像的畸变程度在可控范围内，这样就可以避免对指纹传感器的指纹成像造成影响。
当然，除了将第二反射装置设置为凸面镜之外，本申请实施例还可以通过将第一反射装置设置为具有凹面镜来增大指纹探测区域的面积。
本申请实施例中的增大指纹探测区域的面积的方案可以是上文描述的多种方式的结合，本申请实施例对此不做具体限定。例如，可以通过将第一反射装置和第二反射装置同时倾斜来增大指纹探测区域的面积。又例如，可以将第一反射装置倾斜，第二反射装置设置为凸面镜来增大指纹探测区域的面积。多种方式的结合也同样能够增加指纹探测区域的面积，提高指纹检测性能。
本申请实施例通过改变第一反射装置和第二反射装置的相对位置，和/或第一反射装置和第二反射装置的结构，来使得远端光信号在第二反射装置530的入射光线和反射光线的夹角a1，大于上述两个反射装置平行设置时远端光信号在第二反射装置530入射光线和反射光线的夹角a2，从而能够增大指纹探测区域的面积。
本申请实施例的屏下指纹识别装置还可以包括发光单元550，所述发光单元作为指纹激励光源或者探测光源，以用于为指纹传感器520的指纹检测或识别提供探测光。具体地，该发光单元550可以是发光二极管(light emitting  diode，LED)。
更进一步地，该屏下指纹识别装置还可以连接有柔性电路(flexible printed circuit，FPC)板590，该FPC板590可以为屏下指纹识别装置的内部电路板或者用于将该屏下指纹识别装置连接到外部电路的外部电路板，该发光单元550可以直接贴在FPC板590，比如，该发光单元550可以和指纹传感器520设置在同一个FPC板590。如图6-图10中的发光单元550和指纹传感器520均设置在同一个FPC板590。
通常，屏下指纹识别装置可以安装在FPC板，然后该FPC板再与电子设备的其他功能模块或电路进行电连接，从而实现屏下指纹识别装置与电子设备的连接。本申请实施例可以有效利用屏下指纹识别装置的FPC板的空闲空间来设置该发光单元，不会额外占用屏下指纹识别装置的有效空间，从而不会对指纹传感器的指纹检测性能造成影响。另外，将发光单元安装在FPC板也容易实现，安装比较便捷。
其次，如图13所示，该发光单元550的周围可以设置导光柱551，该导光柱551可以将发光单元550发出的光信号导向LCD屏幕的指纹探测区域，以提高发光单元550的光利用效率，使得发光单元550发出的探测光能够尽可能多地照射到该指纹探测区域上方的手指以用于指纹识别。其次，采用导光柱551将发光单元550发出的探测光导向LCD屏幕的指纹探测区域，也能够防止发光单元发出的光信号直接漏光到指纹传感器，对指纹传感器的成像造成干扰。
图12和图13示出了本申请实施例提供的指纹识别装置的一种可能的结构示意图。图12示出的是指纹识别装置的侧视图，图13示出的是该指纹识别装置的俯视图。
指纹识别装置500可以设置在液晶显示屏的非显示区域的下方，该液晶显示屏可以包括具有液晶层的液晶面板501以及为该液晶面板提供背光的背光模组503，并且，该液晶面板上方还可以覆盖有盖板玻璃，且该盖板玻璃和该液晶面板之间还可以设置有触控层。具体地，指纹识别装置500可以设置在液晶显示屏的液晶面板501的下方，并位于液晶显示屏510的背光模组503的上方，从而构成屏下指纹识别装置。其中，该液晶显示屏具有显示区域以及位于显示屏边缘的非显示区域509，其中该显示区称为成为该液晶面板501的显示区域。该非显示区域509可以为该液晶面板501边缘的走线区 域或者驱动芯片安装区域，其所在位置也可以具体对应于电子设备的下巴区域。
指纹识别装置500包括发光单元550，发光单元550用于为指纹传感器520的指纹识别提供探测光，其具体可以为非可见光源，比如红外LED。其次，发光单元550的周围还可以设置导光柱551，导光柱551具有准直导向的作用，能够将发光单元550发出的光信号导向液晶显示屏501的指纹探测区域，以提高发光单元550的利用率。另外，导光柱551的设置还可以避免发光单元550发出的光信号漏光到指纹传感器520，影响指纹传感器520的检测性能。
指纹识别装置500还可以包括第一反射装置510、第二反射装置530、光学镜头540和指纹传感器520。当用户在液晶显示屏的指纹探测区域进行指纹输入时，发光单元550发出的探测光穿过液晶面板501照射到指纹探测区域上方的手指，在手指发生反射或散射形成的反射光或散射光穿过液晶面板501返回到该指纹识别装置，以下将上述携带有手指的指纹信息的反射光或散射光统称为指纹检测光。上述指纹检测光首先经过第二反射装置530的反射后，到达光学镜头540；光学镜头540可以将该指纹检测光聚焦至第一反射装置510，第一反射装置510可以通过其反光区域将接收到的光信号反射至指纹传感器520的感光区域521(即具有光学感应单元的感应阵列所在的区域)。指纹传感器520可以根据接收到的光信号，检测手指的指纹信息或者指纹图像，以进行指纹识别或指纹采集。
图12示出了近端光信号506和远端光信号505的光路，近端光信号506经过两个反射装置530和510的反射后到达指纹传感器520的靠近指纹探测区域的位置，远端光信号经过两个反射装置530和510的反射后到达指纹传感器520的远离指纹探测区域的位置。
在本实施例中，指纹识别装置500的所有元件都可以设置在同一个FPC板590，这种方式便于将指纹识别装置500安装到电子设备的液晶显示屏501下方，也能够提高整体结构的集成度和可靠性。
另外，指纹识别装置还可以包括器件区508，器件区508用于设置外围电路，即指纹传感器520进行指纹识别所需要的电路或者外围器件。例如器件区508可以设置驱动电路，用于驱动指纹传感器520工作，以及存储单元，用于存储指纹传感器520检测到的指纹信息等。
作为一种可能的实现方式，如图12所示，指纹识别装置500可以设置在电子设备的背光模组503的上方，以用于为电子设备提供屏下指纹识别。这种方式可以不改变原有的电子设备的液晶显示屏的结构，即如果电子设备的液晶显示屏的背光模组503的面积比较大，即其在液晶显示屏的非显示区域具有比较大空间，可以直接在该背光模组503安装指纹识别装置，这种安装方式简单，容易实现。在该结构中，背光模组503的面积大于液晶显示屏的显示区域的面积。
图13所示的实施例中，光学透镜540位于第二反射装置530的后方，多个发光单元550可以分别设置在第二反射装置530和该光学透镜540的两边，并位于该指纹传感器520的前方。该多个发光单元550位于指纹传感器520的前方可以指该多个发光单元550相比于指纹传感器520更靠近指纹探测区域570。
该多个光学单元550采用上述安装位置，可以更靠近与液晶显示屏的指纹探测区域，一方面提高照射到该指纹探测区域的探测光的信号量，同时可以使得该指纹探测区域的探测光更加均匀以获得更高质量的指纹检测光，并且，还可以尽量避免该探测光直接进入该指纹传感器520而对其指纹图像检测出造成干扰。
图12和图13所示的指纹识别装置的结构紧凑，能够减小指纹识别装置的体积，从而能够减小指纹识别装置需要占用的液晶显示屏的非显示区域面积，提高液晶显示屏的屏占比。
上文仅描述了指纹识别装置包括一个反射装置或两个反射装置的情况，但本申请实施例并不限于此，指纹识别装置还可以包括更多的反射装置。
上文描述的用于减小对指纹传感器成像的干扰的方案，增大指纹探测区域的面积的方案以及对发光单元的安装位置的改进的方案可以单独实施，也可以相互结合，本申请实施例对此不做具体限定。例如，可以在图9和图10所示的通过反射装置倾斜设置的方式来增大指纹探测区域面积的方案的基础上，结合图8的方案对第一反射装置510的反光区域511的尺寸和位置进行限定或者设置非反光区域512，以避免在指纹传感器520表面反射形成的光信号经过第一反射装置510的再次反射后重新到达指纹传感器520，对指纹传感器520的指纹成像造成干扰。
可以理解的是，图4-图13所示的指纹识别装置仅是示意图，图中所示 的各器件的尺寸、结构和比例并不代表真实产品的尺寸、结构和比例。
另外，可以理解的是，图4-图13所示的结构仅是一种可能的实现方式，图中的背光模组可以延伸到非显示区域的指纹识别装置的下方，即指纹识别装置位于背光模组的上方。但是作为另一种实现方式，图中的背光模组也可以不延伸到非显示区域的指纹识别装置的下方，即指纹识别装置位于背光模组的旁边，此时背光模组的尺寸与液晶显示屏的显示区域的尺寸基本一致。或者，背光模组也可以采用异形结构，比如在该液晶显示屏的非显示区域位置向下延伸形成一个避让空间来收容该指纹识别装置。
如图14所示，该背光模组在非显示区域具有向下延伸的阶梯区域，指纹识别装置可设置在该阶梯区域中，以减小电子设备的厚度。
上文详细描述了本申请实施例提供的屏下指纹识别装置，下面结合图15，描述本申请实施例的电子设备，该电子设备可用于屏下指纹识别，且该电子设备可包括上文描述的任意一种屏下指纹识别装置，因此未详细描述的部分可参见上文的描述，此处不再赘述。
图15是本申请实施例提供的一种电子设备1300的示意图，该电子设备1300能够支持屏下指纹识别，该电子设备1300包括上文所述的指纹识别装置1320。例如，该电子设备可以包括如图7-图14所示的指纹识别装置。
可选地，该电子设备1300可以包括液晶显示屏1310。该液晶显示屏1310可以包括液晶面板以及背光模组，其中该液晶面板上方还可以设置有玻璃盖板。该液晶显示屏1310可以包括显示区域和非显示区域，其中，指纹识别装置1320的指纹探测区域位于该液晶显示屏1310的显示区域，指纹识别装置1320设置在液晶显示屏1310的非显示区域的下方。该指纹识别装置1320可以接收指纹探测区域上方的手指反射或散射形成的光信号，并根据接收的光信号检测手指的指纹信息。
应当理解，屏下指纹识别装置中的各个组件通过总线系统相连，其中，总线系统除包括数据总线之外，还包括电源总线、控制总线和状态信号总线。
虽然上述实施例主要是以指纹识别装置应用在液晶显示屏实现屏下指纹识别的场景下进行描述，应当理解，在其他替代实施例，本申请提供的指纹识别装置也可以应用于其他类型的显示屏，比如OLED显示屏。
需要说明的是，在本申请实施例和所附权利要求书中使用的术语是仅仅出于描述特定实施例的目的，而非旨在限制本申请实施例。
例如，在本申请实施例和所附权利要求书中所使用的单数形式的“一种”、“所述”、“上述”和“该”也旨在包括多数形式，除非上下文清楚地表示其他含义。
所属领域的技术人员可以意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤，能够以电子硬件、或者计算机软件和电子硬件的结合来实现。这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请实施例的范围。
如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解，本申请实施例的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分或者该技术方案的部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)执行本申请实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括：U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器、随机存取存储器、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为描述的方便和简洁，上述描述的设备、装置和单元的具体工作过程，可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。
在本申请提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的电子设备、装置和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。
例如，以上所描述的装置实施例中单元或模块或组件的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如，多个单元或模块或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些单元或模块或组件可以忽略，或不执行。
又例如，上述作为分离/显示部件说明的单元/模块/组件可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元/模块/组件来实现本申请实施例的目的。
最后，需要说明的是，上文中显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口，装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，可以 是电性，机械或其它的形式。
以上内容，仅为本申请实施例的具体实施方式，但本申请实施例的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请实施例揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请实施例的保护范围之内。因此，本申请实施例的保护范围应以权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (42)

  1. 一种屏下指纹识别装置，其特征在于，适用于具有液晶显示屏的电子设备，所述液晶显示屏包括液晶面板和背光模组，所述屏下指纹识别装置的指纹探测区域位于所述液晶显示屏的显示区域；
    所述屏下指纹识别装置包括指纹传感器和反射组件，所述指纹传感器用于设置在所述液晶面板的非显示区域下方，所述反射组件包括第一反射装置和第二反射装置，所述第一反射装置朝向所述指纹传感器的感光面；所述第二反射装置用于将在所述液晶显示屏的指纹探测区域上方的手指反射或散射形成的并穿过所述液晶面板的指纹检测光反射至所述第一反射装置，所述第一反射装置用于将所述指纹检测光反射至所述指纹传感器，所述指纹传感器用于接收所述第一反射装置反射的指纹检测光，并根据所述指纹检测光检测所述手指的指纹信息。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的屏下指纹识别装置，其特征在于，所述第一反射装置包括反光区域，其中所述反光区域设置在所述指纹传感器的上方且使得所述指纹检测光在所述指纹传感器表面反射形成的光信号无法再次进入所述反光区域。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的屏下指纹识别装置，其特征在于，所述第一反射装置的反光区域平行于所述指纹传感器的感光面，且所述反光区域的中心偏离所述指纹传感器的感光面的中心。
  4. 根据权利要求2或3所述的屏下指纹识别装置，其特征在于，所述第一反射装置还包括非反光区域，所述非反光区域邻近所述反光区域，用于接收所述指纹检测光在所述指纹传感器表面反射形成的光信号。
  5. 根据权利要求2-4中任一项所述的屏下指纹识别装置，其特征在于，所述指纹传感器包括具有多个光学感应单元的感应阵列，所述指纹传感器检测到的指纹检测光包括近端光信号和远端光信号，其中，所述近端光信号为所述指纹传感器靠近所述指纹探测区域的光学感应单元接收到的指纹检测光，所述远端光信号为所述指纹传感器远离所述指纹探测区域的光学感应单元接收到的指纹检测光。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的屏下指纹识别装置，其特征在于，所述近端光信号在所述指纹传感器的表面发生部分反射之后形成的光信号无法进入 所述第一反射装置的反光区域。
  7. 根据权利要求5或6所述的屏下指纹识别装置，其特征在于，所述远端光信号是从所述第一反射装置的反光区域的边缘位置反射到所述指纹传感器的光信号。
  8. 根据权利要求1-7中任一项所述的屏下指纹识别装置，其特征在于，所述屏下指纹识别装置还包括光学镜头，所述光学镜头垂直或者倾斜设置在所述第二反射装置和第一反射装置之间，用于将所述第二反射装置反射的指纹检测光聚焦到所述第一反射装置。
  9. 根据权利要求1-8中任一项所述的屏下指纹识别装置，其特征在于，所述第二反射装置靠近所述液晶显示屏的指纹探测区域，且所述第二反射装置的反射面和所述指纹传感器的感应面均朝向所述液晶面板。
  10. 根据权利要求1-9中任一项所述的屏下指纹识别装置，其特征在于，所述第一反射装置和所述第二反射装置中的至少一个相对于所述指纹传感器的感光面倾斜设置，以增大所述屏下指纹识别装置在所述液晶显示屏的指纹探测区域的面积。
  11. 根据权利要求1-10中任一项所述的屏下指纹识别装置，其特征在于，所述第一反射装置相对所述指纹传感器的感光面具有第一倾斜角度，所述第二反射装置平行于所述指纹传感器的感光面，其中所述第一倾斜角度大于0且小于或等于2°。
  12. 根据权利要求1-10中任一项所述的屏下指纹识别装置，其特征在于，所述第二反射装置相对所述指纹传感器的感光面具有第二倾斜角度，所述第一反射装置平行于所述指纹传感器的感光面，其中所述第二倾斜角度大于0且小于或等于2°。
  13. 根据权利要求1-10中任一项所述的屏下指纹识别装置，其特征在于，所述第一反射装置和所述第二反射装置相较于所述指纹传感器的感光面均进行倾斜设置，且所述第一反射装置相对于所述第二反射装置的倾斜角度大于0且小于或等于4°。
  14. 根据权利要求1-9中任一项所述的屏下指纹识别装置，其特征在于，所述第二反射装置包括凸面镜，所述凸面镜用于增大所述屏下指纹识别装置在所述液晶显示屏的指纹探测区域的面积。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的屏下指纹识别装置，其特征在于，所述凸 面镜包括基底和形成在所述基底的凸面结构，所述凸面结构表面设置有反射涂层。
  16. 根据权利要求1-15中任一项所述的屏下指纹识别装置，其特征在于，所述屏下指纹识别装置还包括发光单元，所述发光单元用于为所述指纹传感器提供探测光，其中所述探测光用于照射到手指以形成所述指纹检测光。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的屏下指纹识别装置，其特征在于，所述发光单元和所述指纹传感器设置在同一个柔性电路板，并通过所述柔性电路板连接到外部电路。
  18. 根据权利要求16或17所述的屏下指纹识别装置，其特征在于，所述发光单元周围还设置有导光柱，所述导光柱用于将所述发光单元发射的探测光导引到所述液晶显示屏。
  19. 根据权利要求1-18中任一项所述的屏下指纹识别装置，其特征在于，所述屏下指纹识别装置包括两个或多个发光单元，且所述两个或多个发光单元分别设置在所述第二反射装置的两侧，所述两个或多个发光单元相比于所述指纹传感器更靠近所述指纹探测区域。
  20. 根据权利要求1-19中任一项所述的屏下指纹识别装置，其特征在于，所述指纹传感器和所述反射组件用于设置在所述液晶显示屏的背光模组上方或者位于所述背光模组的侧面。
  21. 根据权利要求1-20中任一项所述的屏下指纹识别装置，其特征在于，所述第二反射装置至少部分延伸到所述液晶面板的显示区域下方，且所述第二反射装置可透射所述背光模组发出的背光并反射所述指纹检测光。
  22. 根据权利要求1-21中任一项所述的屏下指纹识别装置，其特征在于，所述背光模组在所述液晶面板的非显示区域位置具有向下延伸的异形结构以形成避让空间，所述指纹传感器和所述反射组件设置在所述避让空间。
  23. 一种电子设备，其特征在于，包括液晶显示屏和如权利要求1至22中任一项所述屏下指纹识别装置，其中所述液晶显示屏包括液晶面板和背光模组，所述屏下指纹识别装置设置在所述液晶面板的非显示区域下方，并位于所述背光模组的上方。
  24. 一种指纹识别装置，其特征在于，包括指纹传感器、光学镜头和反射组件，所述反射组件包括第一反射装置和第二反射装置，所述第一反射装 置朝向所述指纹传感器的感光面，所述光学镜头设置在所述第一反射装置和所述第二反射装置之间，其中，所述第二反射装置用于将指纹检测光反射至所述光学镜头，所述光学镜头用于将所述指纹检测光聚焦到所述第一反射装置，所述第一反射装置用于将来自所述光学镜头的指纹检测光反射至所述指纹传感器，所述指纹传感器用于接收所述第一反射装置反射的指纹检测光，并根据所述指纹检测光检测手指的指纹信息。
  25. 根据权利要求24所述的指纹识别装置，其特征在于，所述指纹检测光为在显示屏的显示区域上方的手指反射或散射形成并返回的光信号。
  26. 根据权利要求24或25所述的指纹识别装置，其特征在于，所述第一反射装置包括反光区域，其中所述反光区域设置在所述指纹传感器的上方且使得所述指纹检测光在所述指纹传感器表面反射形成的光信号无法再次进入所述反光区域。
  27. 根据权利要求26所述的指纹识别装置，其特征在于，所述第一反射装置的反光区域平行于所述指纹传感器的感光面，且至多部分覆盖所述指纹传感器的感光面。
  28. 根据权利要求26或27所述的指纹识别装置，其特征在于，所述第一反射装置还包括非反光区域，所述非反光区域邻近所述反光区域，用于接收所述指纹检测光在所述指纹传感器表面反射形成的光信号。
  29. 根据权利要求26-28中任一项所述的指纹识别装置，其特征在于，所述指纹传感器包括具有多个光学感应单元的感应阵列，所述指纹传感器靠近所述光学镜头一端的光学感应单元检测到的指纹检测光包括近端光信号，其中所述近端光信号在所述指纹传感器的表面发生部分反射之后形成的光信号无法进入所述第一反射装置的反光区域。
  30. 根据权利要求29所述的指纹识别装置，其特征在于，所述指纹传感器远离所述光学镜头一端的光学感应单元检测到的指纹检测光包括远端光信号，所述远端光信号是从所述第一反射装置的反光区域的边缘位置反射到所述指纹传感器。
  31. 根据权利要求24至30中任一项所述的指纹识别装置，其特征在于，所述第一反射装置和所述第二反射装置中的至少一个相对于所述指纹传感器的感光面倾斜设置。
  32. 根据权利要求24-31中任一项所述的指纹识别装置，其特征在于， 所述第一反射装置相对所述指纹传感器的感光面具有第一倾斜角度，所述第二反射装置平行于所述指纹传感器的感光面，其中所述第一倾斜角度大于0且小于或等于2°。
  33. 根据权利要求24-31中任一项所述的指纹识别装置，其特征在于，所述第二反射装置相对所述指纹传感器的感光面具有第二倾斜角度，所述第一反射装置平行于所述指纹传感器的感光面，其中所述第二倾斜角度大于0且小于或等于2°。
  34. 根据权利要求24-31中任一项所述的指纹识别装置，其特征在于，所述第一反射装置和所述第二反射装置相较于所述指纹传感器的感光面均进行倾斜设置，且所述第一反射装置相对于所述第二反射装置的倾斜角度大于0且小于或等于4°。
  35. 根据权利要求24-30中任一项所述的指纹识别装置，其特征在于，所述第二反射装置包括凸面镜，所述凸面镜包括凸面结构，所述凸面结构表面设置有反射涂层。
  36. 根据权利要求24-35中任一项所述的指纹识别装置，其特征在于，所述指纹识别装置还包括发光单元，所述发光单元用于为所述指纹传感器提供探测光，其中所述探测光用于照射到手指以形成所述指纹检测光。
  37. 根据权利要求36所述的指纹识别装置，其特征在于，所述发光单元和所述指纹传感器设置在同一个柔性电路板，并通过所述柔性电路板连接到外部电路。
  38. 根据权利要求36或37所述的指纹识别装置，其特征在于，所述发光单元周围还设置有导光柱，所述导光柱用于将所述发光单元发射的探测光导引到所述显示屏，以在所述显示屏的所述指纹探测区域上方的手指反射或散射来形成所述指纹检测光。
  39. 根据权利要求24-38中任一项所述的指纹识别装置，其特征在于，所述指纹识别装置包括两个或多个发光单元，且所述两个或多个发光单元分别设置在所述第二反射装置的两侧，所述两个或多个发光单元位于所述指纹传感器的前方。
  40. 根据权利要求24-39中任一项所述的指纹识别装置，其特征在于，所述光学镜头包括至少一个透镜以及微孔光阑，其中所述微孔光阑的中心与所述至少一个透镜的光学中心不相对准。
  41. 一种屏下指纹识别装置，其特征在于，包括如权利要求24至40中任一项所述的指纹识别装置，其中，所述指纹识别装置用于设置在显示屏的下方，且所述指纹识别装置的指纹探测区域位于所述显示屏的显示区域。
  42. 根据权利要求41所述的屏下指纹识别装置，其特征在于，所述显示屏为包括液晶面板和背光模组的液晶显示屏，其中所述指纹识别装置用于设置在所述液晶面板的非显示区域下方，并位于所述背光模组的上方，以检测来自所述液晶面板的显示区域上方的手指形成并穿过所述液晶面板返回至所述液晶面板的非显示区域的指纹检测光。
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