WO2020071562A1 - 気象観測用ライダー - Google Patents
気象観測用ライダーInfo
- Publication number
- WO2020071562A1 WO2020071562A1 PCT/JP2019/039508 JP2019039508W WO2020071562A1 WO 2020071562 A1 WO2020071562 A1 WO 2020071562A1 JP 2019039508 W JP2019039508 W JP 2019039508W WO 2020071562 A1 WO2020071562 A1 WO 2020071562A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- lidar
- optical system
- wavelength
- laser
- air
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
- G01S7/481—Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements
- G01S7/4811—Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements common to transmitter and receiver
- G01S7/4813—Housing arrangements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
- G01N21/63—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
- G01N21/65—Raman scattering
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/88—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S17/95—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications for meteorological use
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01W—METEOROLOGY
- G01W1/00—Meteorology
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01W—METEOROLOGY
- G01W1/00—Meteorology
- G01W1/02—Instruments for indicating weather conditions by measuring two or more variables, e.g. humidity, pressure, temperature, cloud cover or wind speed
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A90/00—Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
- Y02A90/10—Information and communication technologies [ICT] supporting adaptation to climate change, e.g. for weather forecasting or climate simulation
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a weather observation lidar.
- the rider measures the vertical distribution of air temperature, water vapor concentration, and wind direction and speed.
- a lidar that measures wind direction and speed has been commercialized as a Doppler lidar, and is used to conduct wind surveys when constructing wind power plants.
- the Raman lidar that measures the water vapor concentration distribution in the sky will be described.
- lidar for measuring the water vapor concentration distribution, one of which is a differential absorption type (DIAL: ⁇ Differential ⁇ Absorption ⁇ Lidar), and the other is a Raman type.
- DIAL differential absorption type
- Raman Raman type
- the differential absorption method two adjacent wavelengths of laser light are emitted to the sky.
- the first wavelength is a wavelength at which absorption by water vapor is small ( ⁇ off wavelength)
- the second is a wavelength at which absorption by water vapor is large ( ⁇ on wavelength).
- ⁇ off wavelength a wavelength at which absorption by water vapor is small
- ⁇ on wavelength a wavelength at which absorption by water vapor is large
- the light elastically scattered by the aerosol or the like in the sky is observed on the ground, and the water vapor concentration is measured by comparing the attenuation rate of the light of the two wavelengths at each altitude.
- This method requires very precise control of the two wavelengths, and requires a wavelength stability of 1 pm or less.
- a laser beam is emitted to the sky, and among the light beams scattered by H 2 O and N 2 molecules, the oscillating Raman scattered light is captured on the ground to measure the water vapor concentration distribution.
- the intensity of Raman scattered light is very weak, and it is important to detect it with high accuracy.
- a laser used in the R & D of the Raman system generally uses a harmonic of a YAG laser and generally uses a wavelength of 355 nm.
- the Raman scattered light wavelengths due to H 2 O, N 2 are 387 nm and 405 nm, respectively.
- sunlight mixes with noise during the day, and Raman scattered light is emitted. It is very difficult to detect with high accuracy. For this reason, water vapor concentration measurement using this wavelength is usually limited to nighttime.
- a laser with a wavelength of 355 nm is generally used for the Raman lidar for temperature measurement, but similarly, sunlight causes noise, and accurate measurement cannot be performed in the daytime.
- a Raman lidar using a wavelength of 266 nm, which is the fourth harmonic of a YAG laser in the UVC region (wavelength 200 to 280 nm), is a method of accurately measuring daytime and nighttime by eliminating the influence of sunlight during the day (Non-patented below). Reference 1).
- the wavelengths of Raman scattered light due to H 2 O and N 2 in the atmosphere are 295 nm and 284 nm, respectively.
- Sunlight having a wavelength of 300 nm or less is absorbed by the ozone layer (altitude: 10 to 50 km) in the sky, hardly reaches the surface of the earth, and the sunlight hardly causes noise.
- ⁇ R & D on a Raman lidar with a wavelength of 266 nm is being carried out, taking advantage of the advantages of the laser with a wavelength in the UVC region described above.
- the mainstream of research and development uses a wavelength of 355 nm, and there is no example in which stable and continuous measurement can be performed using a 266 nm Raman lidar. This is because a rider who normally uses 266 nm cannot perform stable continuous measurement. The reason is that an optical element such as a nonlinear crystal unit or a laser mirror that generates a fourth harmonic is easily damaged by a laser.
- the present invention is capable of measuring altitude distributions such as air temperature, water vapor concentration, aerosol, wind direction / wind speed, ozone concentration, CO 2 concentration, etc., and is capable of stable and continuous measurement regardless of day and night.
- the purpose is to provide a rider.
- the weather observation lidar according to one embodiment of the present invention is a weather observation lidar that irradiates laser light of a specific wavelength into the air and observes generated scattered light, and an optical system that irradiates the laser light into the air, A dustproof part for cleaning the accommodation space of the optical system.
- the optical system is configured to be kept in a clean atmosphere, so that damage to the optical element is prevented, and the weather observation lidar can be stably measured continuously.
- the weather observation lidar can be stably measured continuously.
- a weather observation lidar is a weather observation lidar that irradiates a laser beam having a specific wavelength into the air and observes generated scattered light, and irradiates the laser beam into the air.
- An optical system, and a temperature stabilizing unit that configures a temperature and a temperature fluctuation rate in a housing space of the optical system within a predetermined range.
- the weather observation lidar according to one embodiment of the present invention may be configured to include both a dustproof part and a temperature stabilizing part.
- the specific wavelength may be from 200 to 280 nm.
- the laser damage threshold (laser light density at which damage starts) of the optical element is smaller as the wavelength is shorter, and the damage of the optical element is generally larger. Where stable operation of the rider is difficult, the present embodiment realizes stable operation in this region.
- the optical system and the temperature stabilizing unit may be configured so as to be thermally separated.
- the temperature control of the optical system can be reliably performed by separating the components such as the temperature stabilizing unit that can be a heat source from the optical system.
- ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION it is possible to measure altitude distribution such as air temperature, water vapor concentration, aerosol, wind direction / wind speed, ozone concentration, CO 2 concentration, etc., and to perform stable and continuous measurement regardless of day and night. For riders can be provided.
- composition of a lidar for weather observation in an embodiment of the present invention It is a figure showing composition of a spectroscopy part of a lidar for weather observation in an embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure showing composition of other modes of a spectroscopy part of a lidar for weather observation in an embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure showing the arrangement composition of each device which constitutes the lidar for weather observation in an embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure showing other modes of arrangement composition of each device which constitutes the lidar for weather observation in an embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure showing other modes of arrangement composition of each device which constitutes the lidar for weather observation in an embodiment of the present invention.
- the laser damage threshold laser light density at which damage starts
- the damage of the optical element is smaller as the wavelength is shorter, and that the damage of the optical element is generally greater in a rider using a wavelength of 266 nm than in a rider using a wavelength of 355 nm. So far, there has been no doubt about its technical common sense.
- the energy density of the output light of the laser used in the weather observation lidar is 0.5 mJ / cm 2 or less, and the present inventors assume that the optical element is damaged at such an energy density because of the essence of the optical element. It was not a problem, but another factor. The present inventors have concluded that one of the causes of laser damage is contamination of the surface of the optical element. The present inventors have considered that it is necessary to sufficiently take measures against contamination of the optical element especially in the case of a rider installed outdoors.
- the antireflection film on the surface of the harmonic crystal is provided to emit a laser beam having a wavelength of 266 nm from the inside of the crystal to the outside with a high transmittance.
- the laser light is no longer emitted from the harmonic crystal with a high transmittance, is reflected on the crystal surface, goes back to the inside of the crystal, and the crystal itself is damaged by repeating this plural times.
- the reflectance of the mirror surface of the laser beam having a wavelength of 266 nm decreases, and the mirror base material is irradiated with high-energy laser light to damage the mirror. Will be.
- the dust may be altered or miniaturized by photolysis or the like and adhere to the surface of the optical element.
- the fundamental mechanism laser light having a wavelength of 1064 nm and the second harmonic laser light having a wavelength of 532 nm damage the optical element by the same mechanism.
- the laser body and the laser light emitting part are not contaminated. More specifically, the laser body and the optical system around it are covered with a clean booth to maintain a clean atmosphere.
- FIG. 1 shows a basic configuration of a weather observation lidar 1 according to the present embodiment.
- the meteorological observation lidar 1 of this embodiment uses the laser 11 to fly the laser beam L1 having a wavelength of 266 nm to the sky via the beam expander 12, and captures the light L2 scattered in the sky with the telescope 13.
- the received scattered light is separated for each wavelength by the spectroscopy unit 14, and the signal processing system 15 measures the intensity of Raman scattered light by H 2 O, N 2 , and O 2 molecules.
- FIG. 2 is an example of the configuration of the spectroscopic unit 14 of the weather observation lidar of the present embodiment.
- Raman scattered light is separated and extracted using a dichroic mirror and an interference filter.
- spectroscopy using a diffraction grating typified by a polychromator light other than the wavelength to be separated is mixed due to stray light, resulting in noise. Since the Raman scattered light is very weak, it is extremely affected.
- FIG. 3 is a configuration example of another spectral unit of the spectral unit 14 of the weather observation lidar of the present embodiment.
- Raman scattered light is separated and extracted only by an interference filter without using a dichroic mirror.
- the arrangement of the interference filters can be changed as long as the wavelength can be separated.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an arrangement configuration of each device constituting the weather observation rider 1.
- a housing (main housing) A for housing optical elements such as a laser 11 main body, a telescope 13, and a mirror
- a housing (sub housing) B for housing a precision air conditioner and the like. Be composed.
- the main housing A requiring precise air conditioning is air-conditioned by the precision air conditioner 16 installed in the sub housing B.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing another configuration example of the arrangement configuration of each device constituting the weather observation rider 1.
- the rider components are housed in the same housing, but the optical system such as a laser, the precision air conditioner 16, the laser power supply 17 and the like are arranged in the same housing. While controlling the temperature, the temperature of the laser and the like is adjusted.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing another configuration example of the arrangement configuration of each device constituting the weather observation rider 1.
- a heat exchanger 18 is used in addition to the precision air conditioner 16. Precise temperature control is performed by the heat exchanger 18.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing another configuration example of the arrangement configuration of each device constituting the weather observation rider 1.
- a slit curtain 19 is provided inside the main housing, and from the outside. This is an example in which dust is prevented from adhering to the laser and surrounding optical elements.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing another configuration example of the arrangement configuration of each device constituting the weather observation rider 1, which is an example in which the configuration of the housing is improved.
- the wall of the housing is composed of a side plate 20 for awning and a sandwich panel 21 in which a heat insulating material is inserted in order to mitigate an increase in the temperature inside the housing due to solar radiation.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing another configuration example of the arrangement configuration of each device constituting the weather observation lidar 1, using an air curtain 22, an optical system, a precision air conditioner, a laser power supply 17, and the like. This is an example in which is thermally separated.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a configuration of an optical system of the weather observation lidar 1. As shown in FIG. In this example, a clean atmosphere is ensured by covering the laser body and surrounding optical elements with a clean booth 23.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram showing another configuration of the optical system of the weather observation lidar 1.
- a plurality of clean booths 23 are installed.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram showing another configuration of the optical system of the weather observation lidar 1.
- a clean atmosphere is secured by using the air purifier 24.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram showing another aspect of the arrangement configuration of each device constituting one of the weather observation riders.
- the air is cleaned.
- an air filter 25 is provided for the purpose.
- the inside of the main housing A can be cleaned by the circulation of the temperature control air.
- the optical system is configured to be kept in a clean atmosphere, thereby preventing damage to the optical element and making it possible to stably measure the weather observation lidar continuously. Further, by preventing sudden temperature fluctuations of the optical system, it is possible to prevent damage to the optical element, and it is possible to more stably and continuously measure the weather observation lidar.
- the laser damage threshold of the optical element (the laser light density at which damage starts) is smaller as the wavelength is shorter, and the damage of the optical element is generally larger.
- the stable operation of the weather observation lidar with a laser having a wavelength in the UVC region is realized.
- wavelength of 266 nm Although the above description has been made with reference to the wavelength of 266 nm, the same effect can be obtained by using a laser having a longer wavelength, although the degree is different.
- long wavelengths include a third harmonic wavelength of 355 nm of YAG laser, 532 nm of second harmonic, and 248 nm, 308 nm, and 351 nm of excimer laser.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (5)
- 特定波長のレーザ光を空中に照射して、発生する散乱光を観測する気象観測ライダーであって、
レーザ光を空中に照射する光学系と、
前記光学系の収容空間を清浄にする防塵部と、を備えた気象観測用ライダー。 - 特定波長のレーザ光を空中に照射して、発生する散乱光を観測する気象観測ライダーであって、
レーザ光を空中に照射する光学系と、
前記光学系の収容空間における温度及び温度変動率を所定の範囲に調整する温度安定化部と、を備えた気象観測用ライダー。 - 特定波長のレーザ光を空中に照射して、発生する散乱光を観測する気象観測ライダーであって、
レーザ光を空中に照射する光学系と、
前記光学系の収容空間を清浄にする防塵部と、
前記光学系の収容空間における温度及び温度変動率を所定の範囲に調整する温度安定化部と、を備えた気象観測用ライダー。 - 前記特定波長は、200~280nmである、請求項1乃至3のいずれか1項に記載の気象観測用ライダー。
- 前記光学系と前記温度安定化部とは、熱的に分離して構成された、請求項2又は3記載の気象観測用ライダー。
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2020551148A JP6986165B2 (ja) | 2018-10-05 | 2019-10-07 | 気象観測用ライダー |
CN201980065000.0A CN112805597A (zh) | 2018-10-05 | 2019-10-07 | 气象观测用激光雷达 |
US17/282,216 US20210333363A1 (en) | 2018-10-05 | 2019-10-07 | Meteorological lidar |
EP19869908.4A EP3862788A4 (en) | 2018-10-05 | 2019-10-07 | METEOROLOGICAL OBSERVATION LIDAR |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2018190371 | 2018-10-05 | ||
JP2018-190371 | 2018-10-05 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2020071562A1 true WO2020071562A1 (ja) | 2020-04-09 |
Family
ID=70054825
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/JP2019/039508 WO2020071562A1 (ja) | 2018-10-05 | 2019-10-07 | 気象観測用ライダー |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20210333363A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP3862788A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP6986165B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN112805597A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2020071562A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
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---|---|---|---|---|
CN115390093A (zh) * | 2022-09-22 | 2022-11-25 | 北京环拓科技有限公司 | 一种用臭氧雷达探测大气边界层的方法 |
Families Citing this family (1)
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CN115356748B (zh) * | 2022-09-29 | 2023-01-17 | 江西财经大学 | 基于激光雷达观测结果提取大气污染信息的方法与系统 |
Citations (6)
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JPS5112175A (ja) * | 1974-06-14 | 1976-01-30 | Fruengel Frank | |
JPH10206527A (ja) * | 1997-01-21 | 1998-08-07 | Nec Corp | 干渉フィルタ温度制御装置およびレーザレーダ装置 |
JP2014219330A (ja) * | 2013-05-09 | 2014-11-20 | 国立大学法人東京大学 | 計測システム |
CN206178146U (zh) * | 2016-11-14 | 2017-05-17 | 西安兰景信息科技有限公司 | 一种大气质量监测激光雷达上箱体的结构单元 |
CN207730930U (zh) * | 2017-12-01 | 2018-08-14 | 北京怡孚和融科技有限公司 | 一种可测量臭氧浓度分布的走航激光雷达系统 |
US20180284278A1 (en) * | 2017-03-28 | 2018-10-04 | Luminar Technologies, Inc. | Adaptive pulse rate in a lidar system |
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JP3186507B2 (ja) * | 1995-06-05 | 2001-07-11 | 三菱電機株式会社 | レーザ加工装置 |
JP4055353B2 (ja) * | 2000-11-07 | 2008-03-05 | 松下電器産業株式会社 | 光加工装置 |
JP4803176B2 (ja) * | 2005-06-02 | 2011-10-26 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 固体レーザ装置 |
CN205507086U (zh) * | 2016-01-14 | 2016-08-24 | 山东省科学院海洋仪器仪表研究所 | 船载多波长气溶胶激光雷达系统 |
CN206671566U (zh) * | 2017-04-25 | 2017-11-24 | 北方民族大学 | 一种多波长偏振拉曼激光雷达系统 |
CN108318896A (zh) * | 2018-01-30 | 2018-07-24 | 安徽蓝盾光电子股份有限公司 | 一种户外型探测臭氧和气溶胶激光雷达装置及探测方法 |
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2019
- 2019-10-07 WO PCT/JP2019/039508 patent/WO2020071562A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2019-10-07 EP EP19869908.4A patent/EP3862788A4/en active Pending
- 2019-10-07 JP JP2020551148A patent/JP6986165B2/ja active Active
- 2019-10-07 US US17/282,216 patent/US20210333363A1/en active Pending
- 2019-10-07 CN CN201980065000.0A patent/CN112805597A/zh active Pending
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JPS5112175A (ja) * | 1974-06-14 | 1976-01-30 | Fruengel Frank | |
JPH10206527A (ja) * | 1997-01-21 | 1998-08-07 | Nec Corp | 干渉フィルタ温度制御装置およびレーザレーダ装置 |
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Title |
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See also references of EP3862788A4 |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN115390093A (zh) * | 2022-09-22 | 2022-11-25 | 北京环拓科技有限公司 | 一种用臭氧雷达探测大气边界层的方法 |
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US20210333363A1 (en) | 2021-10-28 |
EP3862788A1 (en) | 2021-08-11 |
CN112805597A (zh) | 2021-05-14 |
EP3862788A4 (en) | 2022-07-06 |
JP6986165B2 (ja) | 2021-12-22 |
JPWO2020071562A1 (ja) | 2021-09-02 |
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