WO2020064645A1

WO2020064645A1 - Use of a nonwoven fabric for producing a milled lining

Info

Publication number: WO2020064645A1
Application number: PCT/EP2019/075553
Authority: WO
Inventors: André Stammler; Thomas Arnold; Frank Martiné
Original assignee: Carl Freudenberg Kg
Priority date: 2018-09-24
Filing date: 2019-09-23
Publication date: 2020-04-02
Also published as: CN112739862A; CN112739862B; BR112021001472A2; DE102018123447A1; EP3856965A1

Abstract

The invention relates to the use of a mechanically consolidated nonwoven fabric, comprising staple fibers having a staple length in the range of 25 to 75 mm, at least 15% by weight of the staple fibers being synthetic fibers, in particular polyolefin, polyester and/or polyamide fibers, for producing a milled lining.

Description

Use of a nonwoven fabric for the production of a whale lining

description

The invention relates to the use of a nonwoven fabric for producing a chuck, in particular a chuck for reinforcing the upper parts of shoes. The invention further relates to a whale feed material, the one

Has nonwoven and / or a composite containing nonwoven, and its production.

Milling is the deformation of materials by mechanical processing, especially by pressing and / or pulling. Walken is used in the shoe industry to thermally deform leather or textile surface materials. The goal here is a two-dimensional one

Bring surface material into a three-dimensional shape. When milling, the material to be deformed is stretched over a heated mold to deform it. The game shape or the flex bow is specified by the shoe last.

A whale lining is a reinforcement layer that lies between the upper and the lining material in shoes. A prerequisite for the use as whale feed is that the materials used have good elasticity and permanent stretch, as these are suitable for the

Deformation process during the flexing process is required. The thickness of the Meat lining is expediently adapted to the structural strength of the upper material. In practice, thicknesses in the range of 0.7 to 1.7 mm are generally used. A whale feed material is to be understood as materials that are designed for the production of a whale feed.

Leather and / or synthetic materials, for example synthetic leather, are generally used as upper materials. Show synthetic materials

usually a two-layer structure with a decorative one

Upper layer and a backing layer pointing towards the inside of the shoe.

The use of whale lining as a reinforcing agent for the shaft parts, for example for the blade area, has long been known in shoe manufacture. A knitted material is often used as material for the whale lining

Cotton material used. The required high extensibility is inherent in the knitted materials due to their flexible knitted structure. Using the one to be glued to the underside of the upper

The lining is given the necessary material for the subsequent flexing and pulling of the entire shaft onto the lasts, as well as deformability and deformability.

However, knitted cotton materials offer at least for some

Applications not the softness desired in the market. In addition, as demonstrated in Figure 1, they show a highly directional

Expansion behavior, so that the format blanks have to be punched depending on the direction. Finally, knitted wool-based feed materials generally have a relatively high basis weight of over 200 g / m ² . The high weight per unit area is required to ensure sufficient dimensional stability, but it is disadvantageous because it increases the weight of the shoe and the soft material character is lost. Beyond that Knitted fabrics are comparatively expensive and have almost none

Cut edge strength.

The object of the present invention is therefore to provide a material of the type mentioned at the outset, which is suitable for producing a chuck and by means of which the abovementioned disadvantages can be at least partially eliminated.

This problem is solved by using a mechanical

consolidated nonwoven fabric, comprising staple fibers with a staple length in the range from 25 to 75 mm, at least 15% by weight of the staple fibers being synthetic fibers, in particular polyolefin, polyester and / or polyamide fibers, for producing a chuck, in particular a chuck to reinforce the Upper parts of shoes.

According to the invention, it was found that it solidified mechanically

Nonwovens, comprising staple fibers with a staple length in the range from 25 to 65 mm, 15% by weight of the staple fibers being synthetic fibers, in particular polyolefin, polyester and / or polyamide fibers, are outstandingly suitable for producing a chuck. So show these nonwovens

Surprisingly, excellent ductility. For example, the module values of the nonwoven according to the invention are 10%

Elongation, measured according to DIN ISO 9073-3, preferably at most 150 N / 5cm, for example from 10N / 5cm to 150N / 5cm, more preferably less than 100 N / 5cm, for example from 10N / 5cm to 100N / 5cm, more preferably less than 70 N / 5cm, for example from 10N / 5cm to 70N / 5cm. Furthermore, the static elongation of the nonwoven according to the invention, measured according to DIN EN ISO 15977: 2011-05 (measuring distance 100 mm, load 50N, load time 10 minutes), is preferably more than 15%, more preferably more than 17% and in particular more than 20% . In addition, the permanent elongation of the nonwoven, measured according to DIN EN ISO 15977: 2011 - 05 (measuring distance 100 mm, load 50N, load time 10 minutes,

Recovery time 10 minutes), preferably more than 10%, more preferably more than 12% and in particular more than 17%.

Finally, the difference between static and permanent elongation of the nonwoven fabric at 10% elongation is preferably less than 30%,

for example 1% to 30%, more preferably less than 15%, for example 1% to 15%, and in particular less than 7%, in particular 1% to 7%.

Without specifying a mechanism, it is assumed that these - unusually good for a nonwoven - stretch properties on the

Combining the use of a mechanical consolidation process and the selection of a nonwoven with a significant proportion of

Synthetic fibers, in particular polyolefin, polyester and / or polyamide fibers of a certain stack length can be attributed.

The use of synthetic fibers seems to enable the high permanent elongation by the fact that their inherently smooth surface structure allows them to be easily moved without high restoring forces during the elongation process. In addition, the stack length of 25 to 65 mm used also seems to have a favorable effect on the stretchability of the nonwoven. If the fibers are shorter, the desired one can be used

Expandability can no longer be achieved because the fiber structure at

Stretch is broken up and destroyed. If the fibers are too long, the fiber structure is too strongly connected, which significantly reduces the extensibility, since the fibers are too closely intertwined and therefore hold each other too strongly and at the same time have too little permanent elongation. The proportion of fibers with a staple length of 25 to 65 mm is preferably at least 50% by weight more preferably at least 70% by weight, even more preferably at least 80% by weight, even more preferably at least 90% by weight, in each case based on the total amount of fibers in the nonwoven fabric.

In addition, it has surprisingly been found that the use of a nonwoven fabric makes it possible to obtain a permanent stretch that is faster and stronger than knitted fabrics. This means that with the

Nonwoven fabric according to the invention requires fewer flexing processes in order to achieve the desired flexing curve course - which manifests itself in significant cost savings. This was surprising for the person skilled in the art, because he would have expected that nonwovens would have a significantly poorer extensibility and permanent elongation than knitted fabrics. Nonwovens have namely

as is known due to their tangled fiber structure, usually a rather low elasticity and associated poorer deformability. Another advantage of the nonwoven fabric used according to the invention is that it has significantly better cut edge strength than knitted fabrics.

The use of the nonwoven fabric according to the invention for the production of a whale lining is to be understood to mean that the nonwoven fabric is connected to a suitable upper material, for example a leather and / or synthetic material, and then subjected to shaping in a milling process. The nonwoven fabric is connected to the side of the upper material facing away from the visible side.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the nonwoven is connected to a synthetic material as the upper material, which has no further backing layer on the side facing the nonwoven. The nonwoven fabric and the synthetic material are therefore directly connected to one another, for example by means of an adhesive or / or a direct coating. This is compared to using a two-layer synthetic material advantageous because a punching process is less required when preparing the chuck material for the churning process. In addition, there is no need for the adhesive between the nonwoven and the upper.

This gives you a lighter whale lining and a lighter shoe. Finally, that can be avoided by

Different properties of the backing layer and upper material problems, for example an unfavorable shape during the flexing process (wrinkling), are caused.

The level of extensibility and permanent elongation of the nonwoven can be adjusted by the proportion of the synthetic fibers, in particular the polyolefin, polyester and / or polyamide fibers, and by the suitable choice of the parameters for the mechanical strengthening. Preferably, the

Nonwoven fabric has a thickness of 0.3 mm to 2.5 mm, more preferably 0.5 mm to 2.0 mm, and in particular 0.7 mm to 1.8 mm.

According to the invention, mechanical strengthening is understood in the sense customary in the field of textile materials. The advantage of mechanical solidification is that compared to thermal and chemical

Strengthening a fiber displaceability and fiber sliding ability is usually not reduced too much. This in turn favors the elasticity and permanent stretch required in the flexing process. According to the invention, there is therefore preferably no thermal and / or chemical solidification in addition to the mechanical solidification.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the nonwoven has a directional independence of the elongation, determined as the difference between the largest and smallest module value measured according to DIN ISO 9073-3 (measurement conditions: elongation of 3%, 5% or 10%, angle to the machine direction of 30 °, 60 °, 90 °, 120 °, 150 °, 180 °, 210 °, 240 °, 270 °, 300 °, 330 °, 360 °) of at most 30 N / 5cm, more preferably of at most 20N / 5cm, even more preferably of at most 15N / 5cm, in particular of at most 10N / 5cm.

A high degree of directional independence of the stretching is advantageous, since it enables uniform deformation during the milling process to be achieved over the entire surface of the chuck. In addition, the cutting of the

Surface material can be designed for the least possible waste regardless of direction.

The strong directional independence of the stretch can be achieved, for example, as follows. First of all, a pile of fibers is used in the usual way

Cross layer laid. In this, the fibers are predominantly across

Production direction oriented. To increase the fiber isotropy, the fiber web can then be mechanically, for example by means of rollers, in

Longitudinal direction (MD: Machine Direction) are stretched in order to also achieve a more even distribution.

As stated above, synthetic fibers, in particular polyolefin, polyester and / or polyamide fibers, are used according to the invention. The synthetic fibers are preferably thermoplastic fibers. The advantage of using thermoplastic fibers is that they can be shrunk in a controlled manner by heat treatment of the nonwoven. This allows the fibers to be crimped and hooked together. This enables the nonwoven fabric to be stretched by at least the shrunk dimension during the flexing process. This means that the interlocking can be released again by mechanical stretching, which improves the stretchability of the nonwoven fabric. Polyolefin fibers with a crimp, measured as the number of sheets according to DIN 53840 part 1, of at least 5 sheets / cm, for example from 5 to 15 sheets / cm and / or polyamide fibers with a crimp of at least 10 sheets / cm, for example 10 to 20, are particularly preferred Sheets / cm, and / or Polyester fibers with a crimp of at least 4 sheets / cm,

for example 4 to 20 sheets / cm.

The proportion of synthetic fibers, preferably thermoplastic fibers and in particular polyolefin, polyester and / or polyamide fibers in the nonwoven fabric is preferably at least 20% by weight, for example 20% by weight to 100% by weight, more preferably at least 30% by weight ,

for example 30% by weight to 100% by weight, more preferably at least 40% by weight, for example 40% by weight to 100% by weight, more preferably

at least 45% by weight, for example 45% by weight to 100% by weight, in each case based on the total weight of the nonwoven fabric.

In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the nonwoven fabric is a heat-treated nonwoven fabric which, at a temperature which is at least 130 ° C., for example from 130 ° C. to 165 ° C. above the

Glass transition temperature of the synthetic fibers is heated,

preferably for 20 seconds, for example from 20 seconds to 2 minutes.

The nonwoven fabric can also contain further thermoplastic staple fibers, preferably with a staple length of 25 mm to 65 mm, such as polyacrylic fibers. The proportion of the further thermoplastic fibers is preferably 10 to 75% by weight, more preferably 20 to 60% by weight, in particular 30 to 50% by weight, in each case based on the total amount of fibers in the nonwoven fabric.

If the nonwoven contains further thermoplastic staple fibers, the flash treatment preferably takes place at a temperature which is at least 80 ° C., for example from 50 ° C. to 100 ° C. above that

Glass transition temperature of the other thermoplastic staple fibers and / or the polyolefin, polyester and / or polyamide fibers. The duration of the heat treatment is preferably in the range mentioned above.

The nonwoven fabric can also contain absorbent fibers, in particular absorbent fibers

Staple fibers with a staple length of 25 mm to 65 mm are included. According to the invention, absorbent fibers are understood to mean fibers which

Can absorb liquid, especially water. The absorbent fibers preferably have a water absorption capacity (fully demineralized water) at 20 ° C. of at least 7% by weight, for example from 8% by weight to 20% by weight, more preferably from 10% by weight to 30% by weight. In this

In one embodiment, the proportion of the absorbent fibers is 10 to 90% by weight, more preferably 20 to 80% by weight, in particular 30 to 60% by weight, in each case based on the total amount of fibers in the nonwoven fabric.

According to the invention, the absorbent fibers preferably have viscose fibers, natural fibers, for example hemp, kenaf, cellulose, lyocell, wool or

Cotton and / or synthetic absorbent fibers, in particular

Superabsorbent fibers. The advantage of using absorbent fibers is that they help improve the shoe climate.

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the staple fibers have both synthetic fibers, preferably thermoplastic fibers and in particular polyolefin, polyester and / or polyamide fibers, and also absorbent fibers.

According to the invention it is possible to adjust the weight per unit area of the nonwoven to below 200 g / m ² , for example to 90 to 200 g / m ² , more preferably to 120 to 195 g / m ² and in particular to 150 to 190 g / m ² and still to obtain a soft whale lining with sufficient stability and deformability. In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the nonwoven fabric has a thermoplastic at least on one surface

Adhesive coating on. This enables the whale lining to be ironed onto an upper material (e.g. leather, synthetic leather and textile) by means of temperature. Preferred adhesive compositions are ethylene vinyl acetate, polyamide, polyester, polyurethane.

At least 90% by weight of the staple fibers of the nonwoven preferably have a titer in the range from 0.9 dtex to 11 dtex, preferably from 1.5 dtex to 7 dtex.

Furthermore, the nonwoven fabric can be adapted to the properties of the upper material by means of a finish. This can be done, for example, by finishing with a binding agent and thereby adjusting the grip / stiffness. The stiffening can be carried out with a stiff finish with synthetic binders, for example acrylate, polyolefin, in particular polypropylene, polyester, acrylonitrile, butadiene, styrene / butatiene, polyurethane, latex, and / or vinyl acetate. The nonwoven fabric can also contain starch. The use of starch (corn starch, potato starch,

Wheat Starch) can be beneficial as this starch equipment is used in

Preparing the whale leaves by steaming makes it easier to deform. Starch swells slightly when steamed and forms a kind of sliding film between the fibers, making it easier to move the fibers against each other. After the shaping process, the starch dries out again and connects the fiber structure to one another. This results in an even more stable and permanent deformation. In this respect, the nonwoven fabric has starch in a preferred embodiment. The proportion of starch is preferably 0.4% to 10% by weight, based on the total weight of the nonwoven. The present invention furthermore relates to a whale lining material comprising a mechanically bonded nonwoven, comprising staple fibers with a staple length in the range from 25 to 65 mm, at least 15% by weight of the staple fibers being synthetic fibers, in particular polyolefin, polyester and / or polyamide fibers. and wherein the nonwoven is a

Direction independence of the elongation, determined as the difference between the largest and smallest module value measured according to DIN ISO 9073-3 (measurement conditions: elongation of 3%, 5% or 10%, angle to the machine direction of 30 °, 60 °, 90 °, 120 °, 150 °, 180 °, 210 °, 240 °, 270 °, 300 °, 330 °, 360 °) of at most 30 N / 5cm, more preferably at most 20N / 5cm, more preferably at most 15N / 5cm, in particular at most 10N / 5cm .

Another object of the present invention is a whale lining material comprising a mechanically bonded nonwoven, comprising staple fibers with a staple length in the range from 25 to 75 mm, at least 15% by weight of the staple fibers being synthetic fibers, in particular polyolefin, polyester and / or polyamide fibers , wherein the nonwoven fabric directly, for example by means of an adhesive / or a direct coating, with a

Synthetic material is connected. A “direct connection” between the nonwoven and the synthetic material is understood to mean that no further backing layer is arranged between the nonwoven and the synthetic material.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the nonwoven fabric directly connected to the synthetic material as the upper material has no further backing layer on the side of the nonwoven fabric facing away from the upper material. This embodiment is made possible by the fact that the nonwoven fabric has properties which make it suitable both for use as a carrier layer for the synthetic material and for supporting the shaping in a milling process. This double function cannot usually be achieved with the commonly used whale feed materials, as these (e.g. Because of their open surface, fabrics, knitted fabrics) do not appear as

Carrier layer suitable for synthetic materials.

The nonwoven fabric contained in the milled lining materials according to the invention is preferably a nonwoven fabric as described in the context of this invention.

Another object of the present invention is a method for producing a whale lining material, comprising a nonwoven with a direction-independent elongation, determined as the difference between the largest and smallest module value measured according to DIN ISO 9073-3 (measurement conditions: elongation of 3%, 5% or 10 %, Angle to the machine direction of 30 °, 60 °, 90 °, 120 °, 150 °, 180 °, 210 °, 240 °, 270 °, 300 °, 330 °, 360 °) of at most 30 N / 5cm, still preferably at most 20N / 5cm, even more preferably at most 15N / 5cm, in particular at most 10N / 5cm, comprising the following steps: a) providing staple fibers with a staple length in the range from 25 to 65 mm, at least 15% by weight of the staple fibers

Synthetic fibers, especially polyolefin, polyester and / or

Are polyamide fibers;

b) carding the staple fibers into a fibrous web;

c) cross laying the batt to a cross-laid batt;

d) mechanical solidification of the cross-laid fiber pile to the

Whale feed material.

The mechanical hardening is preferably carried out by means of needling and / or water jet hardening and the parameters to be used are selected such that the hardening is not too strong, which is the case

Slidability of the fibers would hinder, but also not too weak, since otherwise insufficient strengths are achieved. For water jet consolidation, pressures measured on

Nozzle outlet, from 30 to 300 bar, preferably 50 to 250 bar, in particular 80 to 200 bar, has proven to be particularly favorable. A is also cheap

Distance between nozzle outlet and nonwoven from 0.3 cm to 2.5 cm.

Puncture densities of 50 to 300 punctures / cm ² , more preferably 70 to 250 punctures / cm ² , in particular 100 to 200 punctures / cm ^{2, have} proven to be particularly favorable for needling.

In order to increase the fiber isotropy, the fiber web can be stretched mechanically, for example by means of rollers, in the longitudinal direction (MD: machine direction) following step b) and / or c), and also one

to achieve a more even distribution.

Figure description:

FIG. 1 shows the module values of a material known as whale feed

used knitted fabric in the 360 ° evaluation.

FIG. 2 shows the module values of a nonwoven according to the invention in the 360 ° evaluation.

The invention is explained in more detail below with the aid of several examples.

Example 1: Production of various nonwovens according to the invention

The nonwovens 1 to 4 according to the invention are produced, starting from the following fiber mixtures:

The staple length of the fibers is in a range from 40 mm to 60 mm. The fiber mixtures are carded and the fiber pile laid crosswise. Due to the transverse layer, the fibers are predominantly oriented transversely to the production direction. To increase the isotropy of the fibers, the fiber web is then stretched mechanically by means of rollers in the longitudinal direction (MD: Machine Direction) in order to also achieve a more uniform distribution. Subsequently, mechanical consolidation takes place using a needle chair

(Puncture density 200 punctures / cm) instead. The needle punched nonwoven is then heat set at 160 to 180 ° C.

Various properties of the nonwoven fabric 3 are shown as examples in the following table.

15

Example 2: Measurement of the directional independence of the strain.

The directional independence of the elongation is determined as the difference between the largest and the smallest module value measured according to DIN ISO 9073-3

(Measurement conditions: elongation of 3%, 5% or 10%, angle to the

Machine direction of 30 °, 60 °, 90 °, 120 °, 150 °, 180 °, 210 °, 240 °, 270 °, 300 °, 330 °, 360 °).

The following results, which are illustrated in the table below and in FIG. 2, are obtained.

Force / elongation behavior of nonwoven fabric 3 in 360 °

comparison

It can be seen that the difference between the largest and smallest module value measured according to DIN ISO 9073-3 is less than 10 N / 5cm. FIG. 1 shows the scatter of the module values of a conventional knitted chuck

(Cotton) shown. It is significantly larger than in the nonwoven fabric according to the invention.

Example 3: Finishing of nonwoven fabric 3 The nonwoven fabric 3 is impregnated with a 2% starch solution (potato starch) by means of a padder and then dried. The coating weight is 6 g / m dry coating. In the present invention, the coating weight does not count towards the total weight of the nonwoven.

Then the nonwoven is covered with a thermoplastic

Provide the coating material (coating weight 30 g / m ² polyurethane with a melting range of 75 ° C to 95 C).

Example 4: Use of nonwoven fabric 3 as fulling lining First, a test specimen which is matched to the shape of the upper material is punched out of the nonwoven fabric 3. The candidate is examined using a

Continuous press ironed onto the upper material. This composite is brought into the desired shape (walking bow) using a walking sword. The nonwoven fabric 3 now functions as a whale lining and supports the shape for further processing.

Claims

1 . Use of a mechanically consolidated nonwoven comprising

Staple fibers with a staple length in the range from 25 to 75 mm, at least 15% by weight of the staple fibers being synthetic fibers, in particular polyolefin, polyester and / or polyamide fibers, for producing a chuck.

2. Use according to claim 1, characterized in that a nonwoven fabric is used which has a modulus value at 10% elongation, measured according to DIN ISO 9073-3, of a maximum of 150 N / 5cm and / or a static elongation, measured according to DIN EN ISO

15977: 2011 -05 (measuring distance 100 mm, load 50N, loading time 10 minutes), of more than 15% and / or permanent elongation, measured according to DIN EN ISO 15977: 2011 -05 (measuring distance 100 mm, load 50N, loading time 10 Minutes, recovery time 10 minutes) of more than 10% and / or a difference between static and permanent elongation at 10% elongation of less than 30%.

3. Use according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the nonwoven fabric is connected to a synthetic material as the upper material which has no further backing layer on the side facing the nonwoven fabric.

4. Use according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that a nonwoven fabric is used which has a thickness of 0.3 mm to 2.5 mm and / or a weight per unit area of less than 200 g / m ² .

5. Use according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that a nonwoven is used which has a thermoplastic at least on one surface

Has adhesive coating.

6. Use according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that a nonwoven fabric is used which determines a directional independence of the elongation, as the difference between the largest and smallest module value measured according to DIN ISO 9073-3 (measurement conditions: elongation of 3%, 5 % or 10%, angle to

Machine direction of 30 °, 60 °, 90 °, 120 °, 150 °, 180 °, 210 °, 240 °, 270 °, 300 °, 330 °, 360 °) of at most 30 N / 5cm.

7. Use according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that a nonwoven fabric is used which has absorbent staple fibers with a staple length of 25 mm to 65 mm in a proportion of 10 to 90% by weight.

8. Use according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that a nonwoven fabric is used which is a heat-treated nonwoven fabric which has been heated at a temperature which is at least 130 ° C above the glass transition temperature of the synthetic fibers.

9. Walk lining material comprising a mechanically consolidated nonwoven fabric, comprising staple fibers with a staple length in the range from 25 to 65 mm, at least 15% by weight of the staple fibers being synthetic fibers, in particular polyolefin, polyester and / or polyamide fibers, characterized in that the nonwoven fabric a

Direction independence of the elongation, determined as the difference of the Largest and smallest module value measured according to DIN ISO 9073-3 (measuring conditions: elongation of 3%, 5% or 10%, angle to the

10. Walk lining material according to claim 9, characterized in that the nonwoven is a nonwoven as used in one or more of claims 1 to 8.

11. Walk lining material comprising a composite of a mechanically consolidated nonwoven, comprising staple fibers with a staple length in the range from 25 to 75 mm, with at least 15% by weight of the

Staple fibers are synthetic fibers, in particular polyolefin, polyester and / or polyamide fibers, characterized in that the nonwoven fabric is directly connected to a synthetic material, for example by means of an adhesive / or a direct coating.

12. Walk lining material according to claim 11, characterized in that the nonwoven on the side facing away from the upper material

Nonwoven has no further backing layer.

13. Milled lining material according to claim 12, characterized in that the nonwoven is a nonwoven as used in one or more of claims 1-8.

14.Procedure for producing a whale lining material comprising a nonwoven with a direction-independent elongation, determined as the difference between the largest and smallest module value measured according to DIN ISO 9073-3 (measurement conditions: elongation of 3%, 5% or 10%, angle to the machine direction of 30 °, 60 °, 90 °, 120 °, 150 °, 180 °, 210 °, 240 °, 270 °, 300 °, 330 °, 360 °) of at most 30 N / 5 cm, comprising the following steps: a) providing staple fibers with a staple length in the range from 25 to 65 mm, at least 15% by weight of the staple fibers

Synthetic fibers, especially polyolefin, polyester and / or

Are polyamide fibers;

b) carding the staple fibers into a fibrous web;

c) cross laying the batt to a cross-laid batt;

d) Mechanical solidification of the cross-laid fiber pile, whereby the whale lining material is obtained.

15. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that the

Fiber web is stretched mechanically, for example by means of rollers, in the longitudinal direction (MD: machine direction) following step c).