WO2020063288A1 - 一种激光光源及激光投影系统 - Google Patents

一种激光光源及激光投影系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020063288A1
WO2020063288A1 PCT/CN2019/104432 CN2019104432W WO2020063288A1 WO 2020063288 A1 WO2020063288 A1 WO 2020063288A1 CN 2019104432 W CN2019104432 W CN 2019104432W WO 2020063288 A1 WO2020063288 A1 WO 2020063288A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
light
laser
rod
light rod
entrance
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Ceased
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PCT/CN2019/104432
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
周子楠
田有良
李巍
孙鹏
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Qingdao Hisense Laser Display Co Ltd
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Qingdao Hisense Laser Display Co Ltd
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Publication of WO2020063288A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020063288A1/zh
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
    • G03B21/14—Details
    • G03B21/20—Lamp housings
    • G03B21/208—Homogenising, shaping of the illumination light
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
    • G03B21/14—Details
    • G03B21/20—Lamp housings
    • G03B21/2006—Lamp housings characterised by the light source
    • G03B21/2033—LED or laser light sources

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of optical technology, and in particular, to a laser light source and a laser projection system.
  • Laser display projection technology is an emerging projection display technology, which is developing rapidly. Its high brightness, large color gamut, and low cost are its salient features. At present, the two-color laser technology is mature, but the three-color laser is still in the research and development stage. How to further improve the brightness and color performance and make the laser more integrated is a problem being studied at this stage.
  • the divergence angle of the light beam emitted by the laser on the fast axis and the slow axis is different.
  • the divergence angle of the beam emitted by the laser in the fast axis direction is the largest, and the divergence angle in the slow axis direction is the smallest.
  • the divergence angle of the beam on the fast axis is as high as 35 degrees and only 8 degrees on the slow axis.
  • the existing laser design scheme is to separate the red, blue, and green laser light paths. By adding a collimating lens on each optical path to collimate the beam, and then using subsequent optics to perform beam shaping, the problem of divergence angle divergence is finally solved. Integration by combining light.
  • the structure of the above-mentioned laser projection system needs to set a lens for each monochromatic laser light path, the cost is high, the optical architecture is complicated, and it does not meet the development requirements of laser integration and miniaturization.
  • the present application provides a laser light source and a laser projection system, which are used to simplify the optical path system while uniformly shaping the light beam, and to meet the requirements of laser miniaturization.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a laser light source, including a laser and a light rod connected to the laser, and an entrance of the light rod is connected to an exit of the laser;
  • the length of the first side of the first section of the light rod at the light rod entrance is longer than the length of the second side of the first section at the light rod exit opening.
  • the cross section is perpendicular to the entrance of the light rod and parallel to the fast axis direction;
  • the length of the third side of the second section of the light rod at the light rod entrance is longer than the length of the fourth side of the second section at the light rod exit opening.
  • the cross section is perpendicular to the entrance of the light rod and parallel to the slow axis direction;
  • the divergence angle of the light beam emitted by the laser in the fast axis direction is greater than the divergence angle of the light beam in the slow axis direction.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a laser projection system, which includes the laser light source, the light-machine lighting component, and the light-machine lens as described above;
  • the laser light source provides a light beam, and the light beam is emitted from the laser light source to the optical-machine lighting component and then irradiates the optical-machine lens.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a laser projection system provided by the prior art
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of light emission of a laser in the prior art
  • 3 is a schematic diagram of the divergence of a light beam in the Y-axis direction of the laser
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the divergence of a beam in the X-axis direction of the laser
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a laser light source according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a first cross-section of a light bar and a light path diagram of light reflected in the light bar in a fast axis direction provided by an embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a second cross-section of a light rod and a light path diagram of light reflected in the light rod in a slow axis direction provided in an embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 9 is a light spot of a light beam provided by an embodiment of the present application after being reflected inside the light rod;
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of an entrance port and an exit port of a light rod according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a hollow barrel-shaped structure with a light rod provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of bonding between an inner wall and an outer wall of a light rod by an adhesive according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a laser projection system according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a laser projection system 10 in the related art.
  • the light beams emitted from the laser light sources 11a-11c are collimated into parallel light beams by collimating lenses 12a-12c, and then a plurality of parallel light beams are converged into a small light spot by the condensing lens 13 and the light spot is emitted from the entrance of the rectangular uniform rod Into.
  • the rectangular light homogenizing rod 14 is a hollow or solid light guiding rod, and is used to homogenize the input light beam.
  • the laser light source 11 includes a laser array, and each laser in the laser array generates a monochromatic laser beam.
  • the collimating lens 12 also includes a collimating lens array, where each collimating lens corresponds to a laser, and the light emitting position of the laser is located at the focal point of the corresponding collimating lens, and the light emitted by the collimating lens is collimated Behind the lens is collimated.
  • Figure 2 shows a schematic diagram of the light emission of a laser.
  • the light emitting surface of the laser 200 is rectangular, and the light divergence angle on the section passing through the rectangular short side 201 is ⁇ , and the light divergence angle on the section passing through the rectangular long side 202 is ⁇ , where ⁇ is greater than ⁇ .
  • a coordinate system is established on the laser light emitting surface, where the direction perpendicular to the laser light emitting surface is the Z axis, that is, the beam emission direction is the Z axis, the direction of the short rectangular side 201 is the Y axis, and the direction of the long rectangular side 202 is X axis.
  • Figure 3 shows the divergence of the beam in the Y-axis direction of the laser
  • Figure 4 shows the divergence of the beam in the X-axis direction of the laser.
  • the divergence angle of the light beam emitted from the laser on the Y-axis is greater than the divergence angle of the light beam on the X-axis.
  • the divergence angle of the red light on the X axis is 9 °, the divergence angle on the Y axis is 65 °; the divergence angle of the green light on the X axis is 11 °, and the divergence angle on the Y axis is 46 °; the divergence angle of blue light on the X axis is 9 °, and the divergence angle on the Y axis is 45 °.
  • an optical device is provided on each monochromatic optical path, the monochromatic light beam is shaped, and then the light is combined for integration. This method is costly and the optical architecture is complex.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a laser light source according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the laser light source 500 includes a laser 501 and an optical rod 502 connected to the laser 501, and an entrance of the optical rod 502 is connected to an exit of the laser 501.
  • the length of the first side of the first cross section of the light rod at the light rod entrance is longer than the length of the second side of the first cross section at the light rod exit opening, and the first cross section of the light rod is Perpendicular to the entrance of the light rod and parallel to the fast axis direction; and / or the third side of the second cross section of the light rod at the light rod entrance is longer than the second cross section of the light rod.
  • the length of the fourth side at the exit of the light rod, and the second section of the light rod is perpendicular to the entrance of the light rod and parallel to the slow axis direction.
  • the divergence angle of the light beam emitted by the laser in the fast axis direction is greater than the divergence angle of the light beam in the slow axis direction.
  • the fast axis is equivalent to the Y axis in the above description
  • the slow axis is equivalent to the X axis.
  • the ratio of the length of the first side to the third side is greater than 1, and the ratio of the length of the second side to the fourth side is less than 1.
  • FIG. 6 shows a schematic diagram of a first section of the light rod and a light path diagram of light reflected in the light rod in the fast axis direction.
  • the first side 601 of the first section 600 is at the light rod entrance
  • the second side 602 of the first section 600 is at the light rod exit
  • the length of the first side 601 is greater than the length of the second side 602. Therefore, there is an angle between the side wall of the light rod, that is, the side between the first side 601 and the second side 602, and the Z-axis direction, which is denoted as ⁇ .
  • the angle between the incident light and the Z axis when the light emitted by the laser enters the light rod is ⁇ 1
  • the refractive index of the light rod is n
  • the angle between the light and the Z axis after the light enters the rod is ⁇
  • the included angle ⁇ 1 and the included angle ⁇ satisfy the following formula 1:
  • ⁇ M is the angle between the M-th reflected light and the normal to the sidewall of the light rod after entering the light rod, and ⁇ M satisfies the following formula:
  • the light bar is inclined inward in the fast axis direction, so each time a light beam is reflected in the light bar, the incident angle of the next reflection is reduced by 2 times the incident angle of the previous reflection. Therefore, the incident angle of two adjacent reflections satisfies the following formula:
  • the angle ⁇ 2 between the outgoing light and the Z-axis direction It is smaller than the angle ⁇ 1 between the incident light and the Z-axis direction, that is, the divergence angle in the fast-axis direction is reduced.
  • FIG. 7 shows a schematic diagram of a second section of the light rod and a light path diagram of light rays reflected in the light rod in the slow axis direction.
  • the third side 701 of the second section 700 is at the entrance of the light rod
  • the fourth side 702 of the second section 700 is at the exit of the light rod
  • the length of the third side 701 is shorter than the length of the fourth side 702.
  • the reflection process of the light in the light bar is opposite to that in the fast axis direction.
  • the angle between the outgoing light and the Z axis is greater than the incident light and the Z axis. The angle in the direction, thus increasing the divergence angle in the slow axis direction.
  • FIG. 8 shows the light spot when the light beam is emitted from the laser
  • FIG. 9 shows the light spot after the light beam is reflected inside the light rod. Comparing FIG. 8 and FIG. 9, the length of the light spot is shortened and the width is stretched, the aspect ratio of the light spot is reduced, and the light spot is shaped.
  • the shape of the entrance or exit of the optical rod in the embodiments of the present application is determined by other optical devices connected to it.
  • the shape of the light rod entrance is determined by the shape of the laser exit
  • the shape of the light rod exit is determined by the shape of the DMD (Digital Micromirror Device) light valve entrance after the laser light source.
  • DMD Digital Micromirror Device
  • the shape of the entrance port of the light rod is set to be rectangular in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the shape of the entrance of the DMD light valve is rectangular, the shape of the exit of the light rod is also set to be rectangular in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the long side direction of the light rod entrance port corresponds to the fast axis direction
  • the short side direction of the light rod entrance port corresponds to the slow axis direction, that is, the long side of the light rod entrance port is aligned with the long side of the laser exit port, and the light rod entrance port The short side of is aligned with the short side of the laser exit.
  • the light rod can fully collect the incident light energy without loss of the light beam.
  • the light beam emitted from the laser at a large angle cannot be used by subsequent optical devices and is lost.
  • the utilization ratio of the light source by the laser projection system is improved.
  • the long side of the light rod entrance is parallel to the short side of the light rod exit, and the short side of the light rod entrance is parallel to the long side of the light rod exit.
  • the entrance of the light rod is a long rectangle, and the exit is a flat rectangle.
  • the shapes of the entrance and exit of the light rod are merely examples, and the shape of the entrance of the light rod and the shape of the exit of the light rod are not limited.
  • the shape of the entrance port can be square, rectangular, oval, circular, etc .
  • the shape of the exit port can also be square, rectangular, oval, circular, etc .
  • the shape of the entrance port is not required to be the same as the shape of the exit port. .
  • the light bar in the embodiment of the present application also has a uniform light effect.
  • the light rod may be a hollow barrel-shaped structure inside or a columnar structure filled with a transparent material inside.
  • FIG. 11 shows a schematic diagram of a barrel-shaped structure with a hollow rod inside.
  • the light rod includes an inner wall and an outer wall.
  • the inner wall and the outer wall are bonded by an adhesive, as shown in FIG. 12.
  • the refractive index of the transparent material satisfies the following formula:
  • ⁇ M is the angle between the M-th reflected light beam and the normal to the side wall of the light rod after the light beam has entered the light rod
  • ⁇ is the critical angle of the total reflection of the light beam
  • n is A refractive index of the transparent material.
  • the laser exit is rectangular and the aspect ratio is 16:10.
  • the shape of the DMD light valve is rectangular and the aspect ratio is 16: 9.
  • the entrance and exit of the light rod are both rectangular, with the side parallel to the X axis as the horizontal side and the side parallel to the Y axis as the vertical side.
  • the aspect ratio of the light rod entrance is 9:16, and the aspect ratio of the exit is 16: 9.
  • the size of the entrance of the light rod does not completely correspond to the size of the exit of the laser, it is impossible to efficiently collect the light beam emitted from the laser.
  • the laser exit is rectangular and the aspect ratio is 16:10.
  • the shape of the DMD light valve is rectangular and the aspect ratio is 16: 9.
  • the entrance and exit of the light rod are both rectangular, the aspect ratio of the entrance is 10:16, and the aspect ratio of the exit is 16:10.
  • the length of the light stick is 20 +/- 0.2mm.
  • the uniformity effect is not optimal.
  • the size of the exit port does not exactly match the DMD, so the beam cannot be used efficiently.
  • the laser exit is rectangular and the aspect ratio is 16:10.
  • the shape of the DMD light valve is rectangular and the aspect ratio is 16: 9.
  • the entrance and exit of the light rod are both rectangular, the aspect ratio of the entrance is 10:16, and the aspect ratio of the exit is 16: 9.
  • the length of the light stick is 35 +/- 0.2mm.
  • the inner diameter of the entrance opening is 6.8 +/- 0.1mm ⁇ 4.2 +/- 0.1mm
  • the outer diameter is 9 +/- 0.2mm ⁇ 6.4 + / -0.2mm
  • the size of the exit diameter is 3.5 +/- 0.1mm ⁇ 5.6 +/- 0.1mm
  • the size of the outer diameter is 5.35 +/- 0.2mm ⁇ 7.8 +/- 0.2mm.
  • each part of the light rod matches the existing optics, that is, the light rod entrance port matches the size of the laser exit port, and the light rod exit port matches the DMD light valve, so that the difference in beam divergence angle is optimized and the difference in divergence angle is optimized. Control to within 20 degrees.
  • the entrance of the light rod is provided with long and short sides.
  • the long side of the entrance of the light rod is parallel to the fast axis of the laser, and the short side of the entrance of the light rod is parallel to the slow axis of the laser.
  • After the light beam is emitted from the laser it directly enters the optical rod from the incident port of the optical rod, and after multiple reflections in the optical rod, it exits from the outgoing port of the optical rod. Because the length of the first side of the entrance of the light rod is greater than the length of the second side of the exit, in this way, after the light in the fast axis direction is reflected in the light rod, the divergence angle is reduced.
  • the third side The length of is smaller than the length of the fourth side, so that after the light in the slow axis direction is reflected, the divergence angle is increased. Therefore, the difference in the divergence angle is reduced by the light rod, and the light spot is shaped. Because the light beam is reflected multiple times in the light rod, the light beam is also homogenized at the same time. In the embodiment of the present application, a light rod is used to shape and homogenize the entire light beam. Compared with the prior art, there is no need to provide a lens for each monochromatic laser light path, and components in the light path are reduced.
  • the multi-functionalization of the light bar in the embodiments of the present application enables the use of laser beam projection systems to reduce the use of components that independently shape the light spot or homogenize the beam, thereby further reducing costs, simplifying the optical architecture, and meeting the requirements of laser miniaturization.
  • a light beam emitted at a large angle cannot be used and lost by a subsequent optical-machine lighting system.
  • the light beam directly enters the light rod after being emitted from the laser, which does not reduce the light source entering the light rod. Incidence rate does not reduce beam utilization.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a laser projection system in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the laser light source includes a laser and a light rod
  • the optical-machine lighting component includes an illumination lens, TIR, and DMD.
  • the laser light source provides a light beam
  • the light beam is emitted from the laser light source to the light-machine lighting component, and then irradiates the light-machine lens, and finally the light-machine lens is projected on the screen.
  • These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory capable of directing a computer or other programmable data processing device to work in a particular manner such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce a manufactured article including an instruction device, the instructions
  • the device implements the functions specified in one or more flowcharts and / or one or more blocks of the block diagram.
  • These computer program instructions can also be loaded on a computer or other programmable data processing device, so that a series of steps can be performed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, which can be executed on the computer or other programmable device.
  • the instructions provide steps for implementing the functions specified in one or more flowcharts and / or one or more blocks of the block diagrams.

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Semiconductor Lasers (AREA)
  • Projection Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

一种激光光源（500）及激光投影系统，激光光源（500）包括激光器（501）和光棒（502），光棒（502）的入射口与激光器（501）的出射口相连；光棒（502）的第一截面（600）在光棒入射口处的第一边（601）的长度大于在光棒出射口处的第二边（602）的长度，第一截面（600）垂直于光棒（502）的入射口并与快轴方向平行；光棒（502）的第二截面（700）在光棒入射口处的第三边（701）的长度小于在光棒出射口处的第四边（702）的长度，第二截面（700）垂直于光棒（502）的入射口并与慢轴方向平行。

Description

一种激光光源及激光投影系统
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求在2018年09月30日提交中国专利局、申请号为201811158186.8、申请名称为“一种激光光源及激光投影系统”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及光学技术领域，尤其涉及一种激光光源及激光投影系统。
背景技术
激光显示投影技术是新兴的投影显示技术，正快速发展，其亮度高、色域大、成本低是其显著的特点。目前双色激光器技术已成熟，但是三色激光器还在研发阶段，如何进一步提高亮度和色彩表现，使激光器更集成化，是现阶段正在研究的问题。
由于半导体激光器的快轴和慢轴之间差异性很大，即激光器发出的光束在快轴和慢轴上的发散角度不同。其中，激光器发出的光束在快轴方向上的发散角最大，在慢轴方向上的发散角最小。尤其是红色激光器，光束在快轴上的发散角高达35度，在慢轴上只有8度。目前现有的激光器设计方案是红蓝绿激光光路分开设计，通过在每一束光路上加准直透镜对光束进行准直，再利用后续光学器件进行光束整形，解决发散角差异性问题，最后利用合光方式进行整合。
上述激光投影系统的结构需要针对每个单色的激光光路设置一个透镜，成本较高，光学架构复杂，不满足激光器集成化小型化的发展要求。
发明内容
本申请提供一种激光光源及激光投影系统，用以在对光束进行匀光整形 的同时，简化光路系统，满足激光器小型化的要求。
第一方面，本申请实施例提供一种激光光源，包括激光器以及与所述激光器相连的光棒，所述光棒的入射口与所述激光器的出射口相连；
所述光棒的第一截面在所述光棒入射口处的第一边的长度大于所述第一截面在所述光棒出射口处的第二边的长度，所述光棒的第一截面为垂直于所述光棒的入射口并与快轴方向平行；
和/或
所述光棒的第二截面在所述光棒入射口处的第三边的长度大于所述第二截面在所述光棒出射口处的第四边的长度，所述光棒的第二截面为垂直于所述光棒的入射口并与慢轴方向平行；
其中，所述激光器出射的光束在所述快轴方向上的发散角大于所述光束在所述慢轴方向上的发散角。
第二方面，本申请实施例提供一种激光投影系统，包括：如上所述的激光光源，光机照明组件以及光机镜头；
所述激光光源提供光束，所述光束从所述激光光源出射至所述光机照明组件后照射至所述光机镜头。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简要介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域的普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为现有技术提供的激光投影系统的结构示意图；
图2为现有技术中激光器的发光示意图；
图3为光束在激光器的Y轴方向上的发散情况示意图；
图4为光束在激光器的X轴方向上的发散情况示意图；
图5为本申请实施例提供的激光光源的截面示意图；
图6为本申请实施例提供的光棒的第一截面的示意图以及快轴方向上的光线在光棒内反射的光路图；
图7为本申请实施例提供的光棒的第二截面的示意图以及慢轴方向上的光线在光棒内反射的光路图；
图8为本申请实施例提供的光束从激光器中射出时的光斑；
图9为本申请实施例提供的光束经光棒内部反射后的光斑；
图10为本申请实施例提供的光棒的入射口和出射口的示意图；
图11为本申请实施例提供的光棒为内部中空的桶状结构的示意图；
图12为本申请实施例提供的光棒的内壁和外壁之间通过粘合剂相粘合的示意图；
图13为本申请实施例提供的激光投影系统的示意图。
具体实施方式
为了使本申请的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合附图对本申请作进一步地详细描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其它实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
如图1所示，为相关技术中的激光投影系统10的结构示意图。从激光光源11a-11c发出的光束，先经过准直透镜12a-12c准直为平行光束，然后多条平行光束经汇聚透镜13汇聚成一个小光斑，该光斑从矩形匀光棒14的入口射入。矩形匀光棒14是中空或实心的导光棒，用来对输入光束进行匀光。
相关技术中，激光光源11包括激光器阵列，激光器阵列中的每个激光器产生一束单色激光光束。与激光器阵列对应的，准直透镜12也包括准直透镜阵列，其中每个准直透镜与一个激光器相对应，激光器的发光位置位于对应的准直透镜的焦点上，其发出的光经过准直透镜后得以准直。
图2示出了激光器的发光示意图。如图2所示，激光器200的发光面为 长方形，经过该长方形短边201所在截面上的光发散角为α，经过该长方形长边202所在截面上的光发散角为β，其中α大于β。在激光器发光面上建立坐标系，其中，将垂直于激光器发光面的方向为Z轴，即光束射出方向作为Z轴，长方形短边201所在的方向为Y轴，长方形长边202所在的方向为X轴。
图3示出了光束在激光器的Y轴方向上的发散情况；图4示出了光束在激光器的X轴方向上的发散情况。如图3和图4所示，从激光器中发射出的光束在Y轴上的发散角大于光束在X轴上的发散角。具体的数值为：红光在X轴的发散角为9°，在Y轴上的发散角为65°；绿光在X轴上的发散角为11°，在Y轴上的发散角为46°；蓝光在X轴上的发散角为9°，在Y轴上的发散角为45°。
相关技术中为了解决光束的发散角差距问题，一般在每个单色光路上设置光学器件，对单色光束进行整形，再利用合光方式进行整合。该方法成本高、光学架构复杂。
为了解决以上问题，本申请实施例提供了一种激光光源。图5示出了本申请实施例提供的激光光源的截面示意图。如图5所示，激光光源500包括激光器501以及与激光器501相连的光棒502，光棒502的入射口与激光器501的出射口相连。
光棒的第一截面在所述光棒入射口处的第一边的长度大于所述第一截面在所述光棒出射口处的第二边的长度，所述光棒的第一截面为垂直于所述光棒的入射口并与快轴方向平行；和/或所述光棒的第二截面在所述光棒入射口处的第三边的长度大于所述第二截面在所述光棒出射口处的第四边的长度，所述光棒的第二截面为垂直于所述光棒的入射口并与慢轴方向平行。
其中，所述激光器出射的光束在所述快轴方向上的发散角大于所述光束在所述慢轴方向上的发散角。本申请实施例中，快轴即相当于上述描述中的Y轴，慢轴相当于X轴。
为了进一步地缩小发散角差距，达到更好的光斑整形效果，本申请实施 例中第一边与第三边的长度之比大于1，且第二边与第四边的长度之比小于1。
图6示出了光棒的第一截面的示意图以及快轴方向上的光线在光棒内反射的光路图。其中，第一截面600的第一边601在光棒入射口处，第一截面600的第二边602在光棒出射口处，第一边601的长度大于第二边602的长度。因此，光棒侧壁，即第一边601与第二边602之间的边，与Z轴方向存在夹角，记为υ。
如图6所示，激光器发出的光线进入光棒时入射光线与Z轴方向的夹角为θ 1，光棒的折射率为n，光线进入光棒后与Z轴方向的夹角为ω，则夹角θ 1和夹角ω满足以下公式1：
Figure PCTCN2019104432-appb-000001
此外，μ M为进入光棒后第M次反射的光线与光棒侧壁法线之间的夹角，μ M满足以下公式：
ω+μ M+υ(2M-1)＝90°…………公式2
本申请实施例中，光棒在快轴方向上向内倾斜，因此光线在光棒内每经过一次反射，下一次反射的入射角相对于上一次反射的入射角，减少了2倍的υ，因而，相邻两次反射的入射角满足一下公式：
μ M＝μ M-1-2υ…………公式3
随着光棒的长度增加，光线的反射次数增多，每增加一次反射，下一次反射的入射角均减小，因而光线从光棒中射出时，出射光线与Z轴方向的夹角θ 2，小于入射光线与Z轴方向的夹角θ 1，即减小了快轴方向的发散角。
图7示出了光棒的第二截面的示意图以及慢轴方向上的光线在光棒内反射的光路图。其中，第二截面700的第三边701在光棒入射口处，第二截面700的第四边702在光棒出射口处，第三边701的长度小于第四边702的长度。
慢轴方向上，光线在光棒内的反射过程，与快轴方向上光线的反射过程正相反，光线从光棒中射出时，出射光线与Z轴方向的夹角，大于入射光线 与Z轴方向的夹角，因此增大了慢轴方向的发散角。
这样，光束从光棒中射出后，其快轴方向的发散角被减小，慢轴方向的发散角被增大，减少快慢轴的发散角之间的差异。此外，由光棒射出的光斑也可看出这种效果。图8示出了光束从激光器中射出时的光斑，图9示出了光束经光棒内部反射后的光斑。图8和图9对比来说，光斑的长度被缩短，宽度被拉长，减小了光斑的长宽比，对光斑进行了整形。
为了使光棒与其它的光学器件更好地匹配，本申请实施例中光棒入射口或出射口的形状由与之相连的其它光学器件决定。具体的，光棒入射口的形状由激光器出射口的形状决定，光棒出射口的形状由激光光源之后的DMD(Digital Micromirror Device，数字微镜设备)光阀入射口的形状决定。
因此，由于激光器的出射口为矩形，因此，本申请实施例中光棒入射口的形状设置为矩形。且由于DMD光阀入射口的形状为矩形，因此，本申请实施例中光棒出射口的形状也设置为矩形。
进一步地，光棒入射口的长边方向对应快轴方向，光棒入射口的短边方向对应慢轴方向，即光棒入射口的长边与激光器出射口的长边对齐，光棒入射口的短边与激光器出射口的短边对齐。
这样，光束从激光器中发射出来后，直接射入到光棒中，因此，光棒可以充分收集入射光能量，光束没有损失。相较于现有技术，激光器中大角度出射的光束无法被后续的光学器件利用而损失，本申请实施例中，提高了激光投影系统对光源的利用率。
此外，光棒入射口的长边与光棒出射口的短边相平行，光棒入射口的短边与光棒出射口的长边相平行。如图10所示，光棒的入射口为长条状的矩形，出射口为扁平状的矩形。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例中，光棒入射口以及出射口的形状仅为举例，对光棒入射口的形状，以及光棒出射口的形状不做限制。其中，入射口的形状可以为正方形、长方形、椭圆形、圆形等；出射口的形状也可以为正方形、长方形、椭圆形、圆形等；且入射口的形状与出射口的形状不要求一 致。
本申请实施例中的光棒还具有匀光效果。光束在光棒中反射的次数越多，其匀光效果越好，但又需要考虑到激光投影系统整体的小型化要求，因此，本申请实施例中将光棒侧壁的长度设置为35mm。
本申请实施例中，光棒可以为内部中空的桶状结构，也可以为内部填充满透明材料的柱状结构。
图11示出了光棒为内部中空的桶状结构的示意图。此时，光棒包括了内壁和外壁。此时，内壁和外壁之间通过粘合剂相粘合，如图12所示。
当光棒为内部填充满透明材料的柱状结构时，为了实现光棒内部对光线全反射，该透明材料的折射率满足以下公式：
Figure PCTCN2019104432-appb-000002
其中，μ M为所述光束射入所述光棒后第M次反射的光线与所述光棒的侧壁法线之间的夹角，μ为所述光束的全反射临界角，n为所述透明材料的折射率。
下面对本申请实施例中光棒各部分的尺寸作进一步详细描述。
在本申请某些实施例中，激光器出射口为矩形，长宽比为16:10。DMD光阀的形状为矩形，长宽比为16:9。光棒入射口和出射口均为矩形，以平行于X轴的边为横边，平行于Y轴的边为纵边，光棒入射口的纵横比为9:16，出射口的纵横比为16:9。
由于光棒入射口的尺寸与激光器的出射口尺寸未完全对应，因此，无法对激光器中射出的光束进行高效收集。
在本申请某些实施例中，激光器出射口为矩形，长宽比为16:10。DMD光阀的形状为矩形，长宽比为16:9。光棒入射口和出射口均为矩形，入射口的纵横比为10:16，出射口的纵横比为16:10。光棒的长度为20+/-0.2mm。
由于光棒长度较短，匀光效果未能达到最佳。同时，出射口的尺寸未与DMD完全匹配，因此无法高效利用光束。
在本申请某些实施例中，激光器出射口为矩形，长宽比为16:10。DMD光阀的形状为矩形，长宽比为16:9。光棒入射口和出射口均为矩形，入射口的纵横比为10:16，出射口的纵横比为16:9。光棒的长度为35+/-0.2mm。
若光棒为内部中空的桶状结构，具体来说，入射口内径的尺寸为6.8+/-0.1mm×4.2+/-0.1mm，外径的尺寸为9+/-0.2mm×6.4+/-0.2mm；出射口内径的尺寸为3.5+/-0.1mm×5.6+/-0.1mm，外径的尺寸为5.35+/-0.2mm×7.8+/-0.2mm。
光棒各部分的尺寸与现有的光学器件相匹配，即光棒入射口匹配激光器出射口的尺寸，光棒出射口匹配DMD的光阀，使得光束发散角的差距得到优化，发散角之差控制到20度以内。
本申请实施例中，光棒的入射口设置有长边和短边，将光棒入射口的长边与激光器的快轴平行，光棒入射口的短边与激光器的慢轴平行。光束从激光器中射出后直接从光棒的入射口射入光棒，并在光棒中进行多次反射后从光棒的出射口射出。由于光棒入射口的第一边的长度大于出射口的第二边的长度，这样，快轴方向上的光线经过在光棒内的反射后，发散角被减小，相应的，第三边的长度小于第四边的长度，这样慢轴方向上的光线经过反射后，发散角被增大。因此，通过光棒减少了发散角的差异，对光斑进行了整形。又因为光束在光棒内经过多次反射，光束也同时进行了匀化。本申请实施例中，利用一个光棒对光束整体进行整形和匀化，相较于现有技术，无需针对每个单色的激光光路设置一个透镜，减少了光路中的部件。本申请实施例中光棒的多功能化，使得激光投影系统中能够减少独立整形光斑或匀化光束的部件的使用，因此进一步降低了成本，简化了光学架构，满足激光器集成化小型化的要求。此外，背景技术中的方案，大角度出射的光束无法被后面的光机照明系统利用而损失，本申请实施例中光束从激光器射出后直接射入了光棒，不会减少光源进入光棒的入射率，因而不会减少光束的利用率。
本申请实施例还提供了一种激光投影系统，包括：上述实施例中的激光光源，光机照明组件以及光机镜头。图13示出了本申请实施例中激光投影系统的结构示意图。其中，激光光源中包括激光器和光棒，光机照明组件中包括照明镜片、TIR和DMD。如图13所示，所述激光光源提供光束，所述光束从所述激光光源出射至所述光机照明组件后照射至所述光机镜头，最后由光机镜头投影到屏幕上。
本申请是参照根据本申请实施例的方法、设备(系统)、和计算机程序产品的流程图和/或方框图来描述的。应理解可由计算机程序指令实现流程图和/或方框图中的每一流程和/或方框、以及流程图和/或方框图中的流程和/或方框的结合。可提供这些计算机程序指令到通用计算机、专用计算机、嵌入式处理机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器以产生一个机器，使得通过计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器执行的指令产生用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的装置。
这些计算机程序指令也可存储在能引导计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备以特定方式工作的计算机可读存储器中，使得存储在该计算机可读存储器中的指令产生包括指令装置的制造品，该指令装置实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能。
这些计算机程序指令也可装载到计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备上，使得在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行一系列操作步骤以产生计算机实现的处理，从而在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行的指令提供用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的步骤。
尽管已描述了本申请的优选实施例，但本领域内的技术人员一旦得知了基本创造性概念，则可对这些实施例做出另外的变更和修改。所以，所附权利要求意欲解释为包括优选实施例以及落入本申请范围的所有变更和修改。
显然，本领域的技术人员可以对本申请进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本申请的精神和范围。这样，倘若本申请的这些修改和变型属于本申请权利要 求及其等同技术的范围之内，则本申请也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。

Claims (18)

  1. 一种激光光源，包括：
    激光器；
    光棒，所述光棒的入射口与所述激光器的出射口相连；
    其中，所述光棒的第一截面在所述光棒入射口处的第一边的长度大于所述第一截面在所述光棒出射口处的第二边的长度，所述光棒的第一截面为垂直于所述光棒的入射口并与快轴方向平行；和/或
    所述光棒的第二截面在所述光棒入射口处的第三边的长度大于所述第二截面在所述光棒出射口处的第四边的长度，所述光棒的第二截面为垂直于所述光棒的入射口并与慢轴方向平行；
    其中，所述激光器出射的光束在所述快轴方向上的发散角大于所述光束在所述慢轴方向上的发散角。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的激光光源，其中所述第一边与所述第三边的长度之比大于1，且所述第二边与所述第四边的长度之比小于1。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的激光光源，其中所述光棒入射口的形状由所述激光器出射口的形状决定，所述光棒出射口的形状由所述激光光源之后的数字微镜设备DMD光阀入射口的形状决定。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的激光光源，其中，所述光棒入射口的形状和所述光棒出射口的形状均为矩形。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的激光光源，其中，所述光棒入射口的长边与所述光棒出射口的短边相平行，所述光棒入射口的短边与所述光棒出射口的长边相平行。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的激光光源，其中，所述光棒侧壁的长度为35mm。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的激光光源，其中，所述光棒为内部中空的桶状结构。
  8. 如权利要求1所述的激光光源，其中，所述光棒为内部填充满透明材 料的柱状结构。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的激光光源，其中，所述透明材料的折射率满足以下公式：
    Figure PCTCN2019104432-appb-100001
    其中，μ M为所述光束射入所述光棒后第M次反射的光线与所述光棒的侧壁法线之间的夹角，μ为所述光束的全反射临界角，n为所述透明材料的折射率。
  10. 一种激光投影系统，包括：激光光源，光机照明组件以及光机镜头；所述激光光源提供光束，所述光束从所述激光光源出射至所述光机照明组件后照射至所述光机镜头；
    所述激光光源包括激光器和光棒，所述光棒的入射口与所述激光器的出射口相连；
    其中，所述光棒的第一截面在所述光棒入射口处的第一边的长度大于所述第一截面在所述光棒出射口处的第二边的长度，所述光棒的第一截面为垂直于所述光棒的入射口并与快轴方向平行；和/或
    所述光棒的第二截面在所述光棒入射口处的第三边的长度大于所述第二截面在所述光棒出射口处的第四边的长度，所述光棒的第二截面为垂直于所述光棒的入射口并与慢轴方向平行；
    其中，所述激光器出射的光束在所述快轴方向上的发散角大于所述光束在所述慢轴方向上的发散角。
  11. 如权利要求10所述的激光投影系统，其中所述第一边与所述第三边的长度之比大于1，且所述第二边与所述第四边的长度之比小于1。
  12. 如权利要求10所述的激光投影系统，其中所述光棒入射口的形状由所述激光器出射口的形状决定，所述光棒出射口的形状由所述激光光源之后的数字微镜设备DMD光阀入射口的形状决定。
  13. 如权利要求12所述的激光投影系统，其中，所述光棒入射口的形状和所述光棒出射口的形状均为矩形。
  14. 如权利要求13所述的激光投影系统，其中，所述光棒入射口的长边与所述光棒出射口的短边相平行，所述光棒入射口的短边与所述光棒出射口的长边相平行。
  15. 如权利要求10所述的激光投影系统，其中，所述光棒侧壁的长度为35mm。
  16. 如权利要求10所述的激光投影系统，其中，所述光棒为内部中空的桶状结构。
  17. 如权利要求10所述的激光投影系统，其中，所述光棒为内部填充满透明材料的柱状结构。
  18. 如权利要求17所述的激光投影系统，其中，所述透明材料的折射率满足以下公式：
    Figure PCTCN2019104432-appb-100002
    其中，μ M为所述光束射入所述光棒后第M次反射的光线与所述光棒的侧壁法线之间的夹角，μ为所述光束的全反射临界角，n为所述透明材料的折射率。
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