WO2020063270A1 - 一种水润滑滑片式空气压缩机 - Google Patents

一种水润滑滑片式空气压缩机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020063270A1
WO2020063270A1 PCT/CN2019/104169 CN2019104169W WO2020063270A1 WO 2020063270 A1 WO2020063270 A1 WO 2020063270A1 CN 2019104169 W CN2019104169 W CN 2019104169W WO 2020063270 A1 WO2020063270 A1 WO 2020063270A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
end cover
water
bearing
rolling bearing
rotor
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/104169
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
逯长明
许伟群
Original Assignee
龚岳强
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 龚岳强 filed Critical 龚岳强
Publication of WO2020063270A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020063270A1/zh

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C29/00—Component parts, details or accessories of pumps or pumping installations, not provided for in groups F04C18/00 - F04C28/00
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C27/00—Sealing arrangements in rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C29/00—Component parts, details or accessories of pumps or pumping installations, not provided for in groups F04C18/00 - F04C28/00
    • F04C29/02—Lubrication; Lubricant separation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C29/00—Component parts, details or accessories of pumps or pumping installations, not provided for in groups F04C18/00 - F04C28/00
    • F04C29/12—Arrangements for admission or discharge of the working fluid, e.g. constructional features of the inlet or outlet
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2240/00—Components
    • F04C2240/50—Bearings

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of general mechanical equipment design, and in particular to a water-lubricated sliding vane air compressor.
  • sliding vane air compressors are widely used in every field of industrial production to control instruments, control valves, drive pneumatic tools, and drive Cylinders, purges, etc., are widely used because of the advantages of simple structure, high operating efficiency, and good energy saving effects.
  • sliding vane air compressors refer to oil-injected sliding vane air compressors.
  • the compressor relies on spraying a large amount of lubricating oil into the compression chamber to achieve compression of the compression chamber, cooling of the compressed air, and bearing lubrication. , Cooling and other functions.
  • lubricating oil is used in the existing oil-injected sliding vane air compressor, so there are the following disadvantages:
  • the air discharged from the compressor contains oil. Because it is an oil-injected compressor, the compressed air is actually a mixture of oil and gas, and then the oil in the mixture is separated by a series of oil-gas separation structures and devices to discharge the compressed air. However, the oil in the compressed air cannot be completely removed. Therefore, the exhaust gas must contain oil, so for users who need zero oil content in compressed air, it cannot be used. And with the increase of the use time, the loss of oil and gas separation components, the deterioration of oil products will cause the oil content in the discharged compressed air to increase greatly, which seriously affects the use of users, and even makes them unusable.
  • the operating temperature of the compressor is very high. Since the compressor is cooled, lubricated and sealed by the injected lubricating oil, it is necessary to ensure the reliable use of the lubricating oil, and the effective minimum operating temperature of the lubricating oil is above 75 ° C. Therefore, the compressor needs to be at a temperature greater than Working at a high temperature of 75 °C, however, high temperature means low safety factor, high energy consumption, low operating efficiency of the host, and short service life of the parts, especially some seals, which have a very short service life at high temperatures.
  • the maintenance cost of the compressor is very high. Under the premise of no component failure, the main maintenance contents of the oil-injected compressor are: replacement of the air filter element, oil filter element, oil separator core, lubricating oil, bearings, and seals everywhere. In this way, the necessary replacement cost is very high.
  • the maintenance cost of a 10m 3 / min compressor for one year is as high as nearly 10,000 yuan (of which, the lubricating oil will account for half of the cost). If other failures occur, use it The cost for repairs and maintenance will be higher.
  • the compressor is seriously polluted during use. After using the oil-injected compressor for a period of time, there will be more or less leakage of lubricants at the seals and connection joints due to machine vibration and seal failure. This leakage of oil and dust makes the whole machine very Dirty, in addition, it is inevitable that there is leakage of lubricating oil during repair or maintenance.
  • the oil flowing around the compressor is extremely difficult to remove and pollutes the environment (so in the impression of people, the compressor is always greasy and airy. Meet the taste of engine oil), because the compressed air discharged contains oil, this part of the oil will pollute the equipment and the surrounding air.
  • the fuel injection compressor needs to be equipped with complex post-processing equipment. Because the outlet gas contains oil and the temperature is high, a set of post-treatment equipment must be configured, in which filters at various levels are used to filter impurities in the air, and oil and dryers are used to reduce the exhaust temperature to meet the requirements. For users who require higher quality air, more air filters with higher accuracy levels must be configured. As long as the filter is used, there will be a pressure reduction. The pressure reduction means that the compressor needs to hit a higher pressure to meet the gas demand. That is to say, the energy consumption will increase significantly, which will substantially increase the user's large purchase and use costs.
  • the present disclosure provides a water-lubricated sliding vane air compressor to solve at least the conventional sliding vane air compressors. Due to the use of lubricating oil for lubrication, high operating temperatures, large maintenance costs, and serious pollution, etc. problem.
  • a water-lubricated sliding vane air compressor comprising: a housing 1, a large end cover 2, a small end cover 3, a stator 4, a rotor 5, a sliding plate 6, and an air filter. 7.
  • the large end cover 2 is fixedly installed in one end stop of the housing 1, and a first rolling bearing 21 is installed in the large end cover 2;
  • the small end cover 3 is fixedly installed in the other end of the housing 1 and a first rolling bearing 31 is installed in the small end cover 3;
  • the stator 4 is installed in the housing 1, and two ends of the stator 4 are fixedly connected to the large end cover 2 and the small end cover 3 respectively, and eccentric holes penetrating the two ends are provided in the stator 4;
  • the rotor 5 is installed in the eccentric hole of the stator 4. One end of the rotor 5 is inserted in the first rolling bearing 21 in the large end cover 2, and the other end is inserted in the first rolling bearing in the small end cover 3. 31, and longitudinal grooves are provided on the outer periphery of the rotor 5;
  • the sliding plate 6 is installed in a longitudinal groove of the rotor 5 and forms an air suction cavity and a compression cavity with the large end cover 2, the small end cover 3, the stator 4, and the rotor 5;
  • the air filter 7 is mounted on the large end cover 2;
  • the air inlet valve 8 is installed on the large end cover 2 and communicates with the air filter 7 and the suction cavity, respectively;
  • the water-gas separator 9 is in communication with the compression chamber
  • the check valve 10 is installed on the water-gas separator 9 and communicates with the water-gas separator 9 and an external air outlet pipe, respectively;
  • the air compressor further includes: a second rolling bearing 12, a lock nut 13, a bearing retaining ring 14, a second rolling bearing cover 15 and two bearing seals 11;
  • the two bearing seals 11 are respectively located in the large end cover 2 and the small end cover 3, and the seals are sleeved on both ends of the rotor 5.
  • the first rolling bearing 21 and the The first rolling bearing 31 in the small end cap 3 is isolated from the suction cavity and the compression cavity;
  • the second rolling bearing 12 is located outside the first rolling bearing 31 in the small end cover 3, an outer ring of the second rolling bearing 12 and the small end cover 3 are in an interference fit, and an inner ring of the second rolling bearing 12 Fit on the outside of the rotor 5 and leave a gap with the rotor 5;
  • the lock nut 13 is installed on the rotor and locks the inner ring of the second rolling bearing 12;
  • the bearing retaining ring 14 is sleeved on the outside of the rotor 5, and the end faces of the bearing retaining ring 14 and the inner ring end face of the first rolling bearing 31 in the small end cover 3 and the second rolling bearing 12 are respectively End faces of the inner ring coincide;
  • the second rolling bearing cover 15 is mounted on the outer side of the small end cover 3 and coincides with the plane of the outer ring of the second rolling bearing 12 for positioning the outer ring of the second rolling bearing 12.
  • each of the bearing seals 11 includes a bearing seal seat 111 and a primary seal 112 installed in the bearing seal seat 111.
  • each of the bearing seals 11 further includes: a secondary seal 113 installed in the bearing seal seat 111, and the secondary seal 113 and the primary seal 112 are spaced apart from each other. There is a water storage space between the secondary seal 112 and the secondary seal 113, and the bearing seal base 111 is provided with a discharge port 1111 communicating with the water storage space;
  • the large-end cover 2 is provided with a discharge port 22, one end of the large-end cover 2 is in communication with the discharge port 1111 on the bearing seal seat 111 in the large-end cover 2, and the other end is in communication with The compressor is externally connected;
  • the small end cap 3 is provided with a discharge port 32.
  • One end of the discharge port 32 on the small end cap 3 is in communication with the discharge port 1111 on the bearing seal seat 111 in the small end cap 3, and the other end is connected with the discharge port 1111.
  • the compressor is externally connected.
  • the large end cover 2 and the small end cover 3 are provided with water inlets 23, 33;
  • a water inlet 1112 and a water outlet 1113 are provided on the bearing seal seat 111 in each of the bearing seals 11, and the water inlet 1112 and the water outlet 1113 are located on one side of the primary seal 112, wherein:
  • the water inlet 1112 on the inner bearing sealing seat 111 of the big end cover 2 communicates with the cooling water in the compression chamber through the water inlet 23 on the big end cover 2.
  • the inner bearing sealing seat 111 of the big end cover 2 The water outlet 1113 on the upper end communicates with the low-pressure cavity of the compression chamber, and the water inlet 1112 on the bearing sealing seat 111 in the small end cap 3 passes through the water inlet 33 on the small end cap 3 and the compression chamber.
  • the cooling water is in communication, and the water outlet 1113 on the bearing sealing seat 111 in the small end cover 3 is in communication with the low-pressure chamber of the compression chamber.
  • the large end cover 2 is provided with an air vent hole 24, an oil injection hole 25, and an oil drain hole 26 that communicate with the space in which the first rolling bearing 21 is located;
  • the small end cover 3 is provided with a vent hole 34, an oil injection hole 25 and an oil drain hole 36 which communicate with the space in which the first rolling bearing 31 is located.
  • first rolling bearings 21 and 31 are cylindrical roller bearings
  • second rolling bearing 12 is a ball bearing
  • the intake valve 8 includes: an intake valve body 81 and an intake control valve 82;
  • the inlet valve body 81 is provided with a cavity penetrating up and down, and a partition plate 811 is provided in the cavity, and a through hole is provided on the partition plate 811;
  • the intake control valve 82 includes: a cover 821, a guide sleeve 822, a valve stem 823, a gasket 824, a piston 825, a return spring 826, and an end top 827;
  • the cover 821 is provided with an air inlet hole, and is fixedly installed at the air inlet port of the air inlet valve body 81;
  • the guide sleeve 822 is located in the cavity of the intake valve body 81 and is fixedly connected to the partition plate 811.
  • valve stem 823 is slidably installed in the guide sleeve 822, and a lower end of the valve stem 823 is located below the partition plate 811, and an upper end of the valve stem 823 is located above the partition plate 811;
  • the gasket 824 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the valve rod 823, and the size of the gasket 824 matches the size of the air inlet hole on the cover 821;
  • the piston 825 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the valve rod 823;
  • the return spring 826 is sleeved on the outside of the guide sleeve 822 and the valve rod 823, one end of which is against the piston 825, and the other end of which is against the partition plate 811;
  • the end top 827 is fixedly installed at the intake port of the intake valve body 81 with a space left between the piston 825 and the end top 827 is provided with a through hole communicating with the space. Whether the through hole communicates with the compression chamber is controlled by a solenoid valve.
  • rounded corners are provided at the longitudinal groove openings on the outer periphery of the rotor 5.
  • the casing 1 is made of aluminum alloy, and a surface of the casing 1 is provided with an anti-corrosion layer.
  • the large end cover 2, the small end cover 3, the stator 4, and the rotor 5 are all made of stainless steel.
  • the sliding plate 6 is made of a non-metal material.
  • the water-lubricated sliding vane air compressor further includes: a water filter, the water inlet of the water filter is in communication with the water outlet of the casing 1, and the water outlet of the water filter is connected with The water inlet of the casing 1 is communicated.
  • the water-lubricated sliding vane type air compressor provided by the present invention is provided with a bearing seal in the large end cover and the small end cover, and the first rolling bearing in the large end cover and the small end cover is connected to the suction cavity and the compression cavity. Isolation to prevent the lubrication water in the compressor from flowing into the first rolling bearing to cause rapid grease failure, bearing corrosion, and rapid scrap.
  • a second rolling bearing is also installed on the small end cover, which limits the axial movement of the rotor well, and ensures that the planes on both sides of the rotor and the large end cover are completely out of contact when the rotor rotates. A flat plane causes the host to report death.
  • the water-lubricated sliding vane air compressor provided by the invention has the advantages of simple structure, reasonable design, low operating cost, no pollution, and the like.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a water-lubricated sliding vane air compressor according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 are schematic structural diagrams of a large end cover in a water-lubricated sliding vane air compressor according to a disclosed embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a small end cover in a water-lubricated sliding vane air compressor according to an embodiment of the disclosure
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a bearing seal seat in a water-lubricated sliding vane air compressor according to a disclosed embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an intake valve in a water-lubricated sliding vane air compressor according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the rotor support method of the oil-injected sliding vane air compressor is sliding bearing support.
  • the lubricant of the bearing enters the gap between the bearing and the rotor and directly enters the suction chamber.
  • the disadvantage of this structure is that because it is a thin-walled sliding bearing, the bearing capacity is limited, and the host with high power and large displacement cannot be achieved. At the same time, this bearing cannot be used in water.
  • the compression chamber is completely separated from the rolling bearing chamber.
  • the water in the compression chamber must not enter the bearing chamber. After the rolling bearing enters the water, it will cause rapid grease failure, bearing corrosion and rapid scrap.
  • the air compressor is mainly composed of a housing 1, a large end cover 2, a small end cover 3, and a stator. 4. Rotor 5, sliding vane 6, air filter 7, intake valve 8, water-gas separator 9, and check valve 10, of which, the two ends of the casing 1 are provided with check ports, and the large end cover 2 It is fixedly installed in one end of the housing 1 and a first rolling bearing 21 is installed in the large end cover 2.
  • the small end cover 3 is fixedly installed in the other end of the housing 1 and the first end is installed in the small end cover 3.
  • the stator 4 is installed in the housing 1, the two ends are fixedly connected to the large end cover 2 and the small end cover 3, respectively, and eccentric holes penetrating the two ends are provided in the stator 4, and the rotor 5 is installed in the eccentric holes of the stator 4.
  • One end is inserted in the first rolling bearing 21 in the large end cover 2 and the other end is inserted in the first rolling bearing 31 in the small end cover 3.
  • the outer periphery of the rotor 5 is provided with longitudinal grooves at intervals.
  • the sliding plate 6 It is installed in the longitudinal groove of the rotor 5 and forms a suction cavity and compression with the large end cover 2, the small end cover 3, the stator 4 and the rotor 5.
  • the air filter 7 is installed on the large end cover 2
  • the air inlet valve 8 is installed on the large end cover 2, and communicates with the air filter 7 and the suction cavity, respectively.
  • the housing 1 is in communication with the compression chamber.
  • the check valve 10 is installed on the water-gas separator 9 and communicates with the water-gas separator 9 and the external air outlet pipe.
  • the air compressor further includes a second rolling bearing 12 and a lock.
  • the two bearing seals 11 are respectively located in the large end cover 2 and the small end cover 3, and the seals are sleeved on both ends of the rotor 5, Isolate the first rolling bearing 21 in the large end cover 2 and the first rolling bearing 31 in the small end cover 3 from the suction cavity and the compression cavity.
  • the second rolling bearing 12 is located outside the first rolling bearing 31 in the small end cover 3. The outer ring of the second rolling bearing 12 and the small end cover 3 are in an interference fit.
  • the inner ring of the second rolling bearing 12 is sleeved on the outside of the rotor 5 with a gap between the rotor 5 and the lock nut 13 is installed on the rotor.
  • the inner ring of the second rolling bearing 12 is locked, and the bearing retaining ring 14 is set on the rotation 5 and the two end faces of the bearing retaining ring 14 coincide with the inner ring end face of the first rolling bearing 31 and the inner ring end face of the second rolling bearing 12 in the small end cover 3 respectively, and the second rolling bearing cover 15 is installed on the small end cover
  • the outer side of 3 coincides with the plane of the outer ring of the second rolling bearing 12 and is used to position the outer ring of the second rolling bearing 12.
  • the first rolling bearings 21 and 31 are cylindrical roller bearings for bearing radial forces
  • the second rolling bearing 12 is a ball bearing for restraining a small amount of axial channeling force of the rotor.
  • an O-ring is provided between the bearing seal seat, the large end cover and the small end cover.
  • the first rolling bearing is installed in the large end cover and the small end cover to support the rotor, which can realize high-power production. Furthermore, the compressor is provided in both the large end cover and the small end cover. With bearing seal, the first bearing in the large end cover and the first bearing in the small end cover are isolated from the suction cavity and the compression cavity to prevent the lubricating water from entering the first rolling bearing, resulting in rapid grease in the first rolling bearing Failure, bearing corrosion, rapid scrap, etc.
  • the bearing seal 11 can adopt various structures, as long as the first bearing in the large end cover and the first bearing in the small end cover can be isolated from the suction cavity and the compression cavity.
  • the bearing seal 11 can be designed as Including: the bearing seal seat 111 and the primary seal 112 installed in the bearing seal seat 111, the first bearing in the large end cover and the first bearing in the small end cover are connected with the bearing seal seat 111 and the primary seal 112. The suction chamber and the compression chamber are separated to prevent the lubricating water from entering the first rolling bearing.
  • a secondary seal 113 is also installed in the bearing seal seat 111, and the secondary seal 113 is spaced apart from the primary seal 112. There is a water storage space between the primary seal 112 and the secondary seal 113.
  • the bearing sealing seat 111 is respectively installed in the corresponding hole of the large end cover and the small end cover and coincides with the corresponding mating plane.
  • the bearing sealing seat 111 is provided with a discharge communicating with the water storage space. Port 1111, see FIG.
  • a discharge port 22 is provided on the large end cover 2, and one end of the discharge port 22 on the large end cover 2 is in communication with the discharge port 1111 on the bearing seal seat 111 in the large end cover 2, The other end is in communication with the outside of the compressor.
  • a discharge port 32 is provided on the small end cover 3, and one end of the discharge port 32 on the small end cover 3 is connected to the bearing seal 111 in the small end cover 3. Port 1111 communicates, and the other end communicates with the outside of the compressor.
  • the bearing seal is composed of a bearing seal seat, a primary seal and a secondary seal.
  • the primary seal can completely separate the bearing chamber from the suction cavity and the compression cavity.
  • the secondary seal is set, if the primary seal is Water leaks when the leakage occurs. The water can only enter the water storage cavity between the primary seal and the secondary seal, and is discharged to the outside of the host through the discharge port communicating with the water storage cavity (because the primary seal will block Pressure, even if there is leakage, only a small amount of unpressurized water flows into the water storage space between the two seals, and is completely sealed by the secondary seal, and at the same time, a discharge port is provided in communication with the water storage space. The leaked water is completely led out of the water storage cavity), to ensure that the water in the compression chamber cannot enter the bearing chamber to pollute the grease, and to ensure the seal of the bearing chamber is reliable.
  • the second rolling bearing installed on the small end cover of the above compressor well limits the axial movement of the rotor, ensuring that when the rotor rotates, the planes on both sides of the rotor and the large end cover are completely out of contact. Avoid plane death caused by host.
  • the specific working process of the compressor is as follows: the stator of the compressor is provided with eccentric holes, the rotor is longitudinally slotted and placed in the stator cavity inward, and the sliding blade is placed in the rotor slot.
  • the rotor When the rotor is driven by the motor, it rotates At this time, the volume of the closed cavity composed of the small end cover, the rotor, the sliding blade, the stator, and the large end cover changes from small to large and from large to small. When the volume becomes larger, the air is sucked in and becomes smaller.
  • the process of continuous air intake and compression is completed, and water is continuously sprayed into the stator compression cavity during the entire process to lubricate, seal and cool the compression cavity parts.
  • the discharged compressed air is separated by a gas-water separator, and then discharged through a check valve.
  • FIG. 2 a water inlet 23 is provided on the large end cover 2
  • FIG. 4 is a water inlet 33 on the small end cover 3.
  • a water inlet 1112 and a water outlet 1113 are provided on the bearing seal seat 111 in each bearing seal 11, and the water inlet 1112 and the water outlet 1113 are located on one side of the primary seal 112, wherein the large end cover 2
  • the water inlet 1112 on the inner bearing seal base 111 communicates with the cooling water in the compression chamber through the water inlet 23 on the big end cover 2.
  • the water outlet 1113 on the inner bearing seal base 111 in the large end cover 2 communicates with the low pressure chamber of the compression chamber.
  • the water inlet 1112 on the bearing sealing seat 111 in the small end cover 3 communicates with the cooling water in the compression chamber through the water inlet 33 on the small end cover 3.
  • the water outlet 1113 on the bearing sealing seat 111 in the small end cover 3 is compressed.
  • the low-pressure cavity of the cavity communicates.
  • the large end cover 2 is provided with a vent hole 24, an oil injection hole 25, and an oil drain hole 26 that communicate with the space in which the first rolling bearing 21 is located. See FIG.
  • the end cover 3 is provided with an air vent hole 34, an oil injection hole 25, and an oil drain hole 36 that communicate with the space in which the first rolling bearing 31 is located.
  • the large and small end caps are provided with oil injection holes and oil drainage holes, respectively, which can periodically inject new grease into the rolling bearings and discharge the used grease out of the bearing chamber to ensure the reliable operation of the bearings and reduce the failure rate. Ventilation holes are provided on the large end cover and the small end cover to ensure that no vacuum occurs in the bearing chamber.
  • the intake valve 8 is mainly composed of an intake valve body 81 and an intake control valve 82.
  • the intake valve body 81 is provided with a cavity penetrating up and down, and a partition plate 811 is provided in the cavity. 811 is provided with a through hole.
  • the intake control valve 82 is mainly composed of a cover 821, a guide sleeve 822, a valve rod 823, a gasket 824, a piston 825, a return spring 826, and an end top 827.
  • the cover 821 is provided with air intake.
  • the hole is fixedly installed at the intake port of the intake valve body 81, the guide sleeve 822 is located in the cavity of the intake valve body 81, and is fixedly connected to the partition plate 811.
  • the valve rod 823 is slidably installed in the guide sleeve 822, and The lower end of the valve stem 823 is located below the partition plate 811, the upper end of the valve stem 823 is located above the partition plate 811, the gasket 824 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the valve stem 823, and the size of the gasket 824 and the intake air on the cover 821
  • the hole size box is matched.
  • the piston 825 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the valve rod 823.
  • the return spring 826 is fitted on the outside of the guide sleeve 822 and the valve rod 823. One end is against the piston 825, and the other end is against the partition plate 811. There is a space between the intake port of the intake valve body 81 and the piston 825, In addition, the top 827 is provided with a through hole communicating with the space, and the through hole is controlled by the solenoid valve to communicate with the compression cavity.
  • the specific working process of the above intake valve is: when the through hole of the control valve top of the solenoid valve communicates with the compression chamber, if the compression chamber is in a compressed state, the piston and the valve stem are pushed by the high pressure medium, and are opposed to the valve body and the guide sleeve. The downward movement drives the gasket at the lower end of the valve stem to closely fit with the cover to achieve the sealing effect. At this time, the intake valve is closed. If the compression chamber is in the suction body and there is no high pressure medium, it is under the action of negative pressure. Under the action of the return spring, the piston and the valve stem move upward, driving the seal at the lower end of the valve stem away from the cover, and the intake valve is opened at this time.
  • rounded corners are provided at the openings of the longitudinal grooves on the outer periphery of the rotor 5 to ensure that the sliding piece slides more smoothly in the grooves.
  • the housing 1 is made of aluminum alloy
  • the large end cover 2, the small end cover 3, the stator 4, and the rotor 5 are all made of stainless steel
  • the sliding plate 6 is made of a non-metal material. It is made of non-metal material to achieve almost zero wear on the stator and rotor of the metal material and prolong the service life.
  • an anticorrosive layer is provided on the surface of the casing 1, and the anticorrosive layer can be processed in the following forms: 1. anodizing; 2. anode hard oxidation; 3. porcelain. 4. Micro arcing; 5. Spray anticorrosive coating.
  • a water-lubricated sliding vane air compressor is further provided with a water filter, the water inlet of the water filter is in communication with the water outlet of the casing 1, and the water outlet of the water filter is connected with the water outlet of the casing 1.
  • the water inlet is connected, and the circulating water is filtered by the water filter and then circulated to the compressor.
  • the compressor runs at low temperature, which can achieve the most efficient isothermal compression. Without lubricating oil, there is no need to consider the low temperature "emulsification" of the lubricating oil, so that the compressor can be kept running at a lower temperature, because the specific heat capacity of water is more than twice that of oil, so the cooling effect of water is much better than This will ensure that the compressor works at a lower temperature (generally running at about 40 ° C, while the oil-injected compressor generally runs at about 85 ° C), which can basically achieve isothermal compression. Isothermal compression is the most ideal working state of a compressor and has the highest efficiency, so the present invention can maximize the efficiency of a sliding vane compressor.
  • roller bearing support is used at both ends of the rotor to support radial forces.
  • the seal structure provided between the compression chamber and the bearing chamber effectively separates the water in the compression chamber from the rolling bearings in the bearing chamber, as shown in Figure 1.
  • the design structure of double-stage sealing plus discharge port and sealing cooling is used.
  • the primary seal plays the main role of separating the water in the compression chamber from the bearing chamber, and completely separates the pressure in the compression chamber. Leakage occurs in the secondary seal, so the water flowing into the water storage chamber between the primary seal and the secondary seal is also pressureless, and the water without pressure will be discharged directly to the outside of the host through the discharge port, and the secondary seal is further strengthened. For protection, only the pressureless water needs to be blocked. In this case, the reliability of the secondary seal is almost 100%.
  • the water inlet and outlet for cooling the seal are set at the primary seal, which ensures that the seal always works at a reliable temperature and the operation is more reliable.
  • the design of the discharge port has an early warning function.
  • the sealing effect of the primary seal decreases over the use time, the amount of water discharged through the discharge port will increase, so it is only necessary to determine whether the seal needs to be replaced based on the amount of water discharged from the discharge port, which greatly ensures the user's maintenance timeliness It avoids the risk of complicated maintenance and significant increase in cost caused by bearing damage and scrap due to untimely replacement of the seal.
  • the sealing structure here is simple but very reasonable, reliable, and the axial dimension is particularly small. Therefore, the span between the bearings on both sides is also minimized. In this way, the flexure of the rotor is minimal, and the rigidity is better, which directly affects the Running noise, current, and vibration will be greatly reduced.
  • the second rolling bearing provided on the small end cover is used for axial limit, and the fitting plane gap between the small end cover and the rotor is adjusted slightly by the lock nut to ensure that the two sides of the rotor after installation are large and small end.
  • a small gap is left between the mating planes of the cover, which not only ensures the formation of a water film between the planes but also prevents contact between the planes, ensuring the reliability of the rotor operation and the working efficiency of the compressor.
  • All aluminum alloy parts are anti-corrosive treated to ensure that aluminum alloy parts will not corrode. Once the aluminum alloy parts are corroded, oxides will be generated on the surface of the parts and fall off into the water, which will pollute the water, block the internal waterways and cause insufficient water supply, which will cause the lubrication surface to stick, the bearings to die, and the host to be severely discarded.
  • sliding vane air compressor The working principle of sliding vane air compressor is simple.
  • Active sealing is the most reliable sealing method.
  • “Slip” has the characteristics of automatic compensation, the operating efficiency does not decrease, and the failure rate is low.
  • sliding vane air compressors are oil-injected compressors, which have their own design limitations and application limitations.
  • Water-lubricated sliding vane air compressors have all the advantages of oil-injected sliding vane compressors and the advantages that oil-injected compressors do not have (no oil during the whole process, low operating temperature, minimum maintenance and maintenance costs, and low Carbon environmental protection).
  • the development of the oil-free sliding vane air compressor is an upgrade product of the oil-injected sliding vane air compressor, which has huge market value and social value.

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Abstract

一种水润滑滑片式空气压缩机，包括：壳体(1)、大端盖(2)、小端盖(3)、定子(4)、转子(5)、滑片(6)、空气过滤器(7)、进气阀(8)、水气分离器(9)、止回阀(10)、第一滚动轴承(21、31)、第二滚动轴承(12)、锁紧螺母(13)、轴承挡圈(14)、第二滚动轴承挡盖(15)以及两个轴承密封(11)。该空气压缩机通过在大端盖(2)和小端盖(3)内分别设置轴承密封(11)，将大端盖(2)和小端盖（3）内的第一滚动轴承(21、31)与吸气腔和压缩腔进行隔离，以防压缩机中的润滑水流到第一滚动轴承(21、31)中造成润滑脂快速失效，轴承腐蚀、报废。在小端盖(3)上还安装有第二滚动轴承(12)，限制了转子(5)的轴向窜动，保证了转子(5)旋转时两侧平面与大端盖(2)、小端盖(3)的平面完全不接触，避免因平面剐蹭导致主机抱死。

Description

一种水润滑滑片式空气压缩机 技术领域
本发明公开涉及通用机械设备设计的技术领域，尤其涉及一种水润滑滑片式空气压缩机。
 背景技术
[0002] 滑片式空气压缩机作为一种将电能转化为有一定压力的压缩空气能的通用机械，广泛应用于工业生产的每一个领域，用来控制仪表、控制阀门、驱动气动工具、驱动气缸、吹扫等等，由于滑片式空气压缩机具有结构简单、运行效率高、节能效果好等优点，被广泛应用。
目前，滑片式空气压缩机指的是喷油滑片式空气压缩机，压缩机在运行时是依靠向压缩腔内喷入大量的润滑油来实现压缩腔的密封、压缩空气冷却、轴承润滑、冷却等一系列作用。优选，现有的喷油滑片式空气压缩机中采用润滑油，因此存在以下不足：
1、压缩机排出的空气当中含油。因为是喷油压缩机，所以压缩空气实际是油气的混合物，再通过一系列的油气分离结构和装置分离出混合物中的油后排出压缩空气，但压缩空气中的油不可能100%去除干净，所以出气必然含油，这样对于需要压缩空气中含油量是零的用户来说，就无法使用。并且随着使用时间的增长，油气分离元器件的损耗，油品的变质都会导致排出的压缩空气中含油量大大增多，严重影响用户的使用，甚至导致用户无法使用。
2、压缩机的运行温度非常高。由于压缩机是靠喷入的润滑油来进行冷却、润滑和密封的，因此必须要保证润滑油的使用可靠，而润滑油的有效最低工作温度在75℃以上，因此，压缩机需要在温度大于75℃的高温条件下工作，然而高温就意味着，安全系数低，高耗能，主机运行效率低，零件的使用寿命短，特别是一些密封件，在高温下运行的寿命非常短。
3、压缩机的维护保养费用非常高。喷油压缩机在无零件故障的前提下主要维护保养内容有：更换空滤芯，油滤芯，油分芯，润滑油，轴承，各处密封圈。这样必须的更换费用就非常高，一台10m 3/min压缩机一年用于保养的费用就要高达近10000元（其中润滑油就会占到一半的费用），如果再出现其它故障那用于维修和保养的费用就会更高。
4、压缩机使用中污染严重。喷油压缩机使用一段时间后各密封处，连接接头处因为机器振动，密封件失效等原因或多或少都会有润滑油渗漏现象，这样渗出的油与灰尘混合，使得整个机器非常的脏，另外在维修或维护的时候是不可避免有润滑油的泄漏，流在压缩机周围遍地是油，极难清除，污染环境（所以在人们的印象中压缩机周围永远都油腻腻，空气中满足机油的味道），因为排出的压缩空气中含油，这部分油又会污染设备，周围的空气。
5、喷油压缩机需要配置复杂的后处理设备。因为出气含油且温度高，必须要配置一套后处理的设备，其中各级过滤器用来过滤空气中的杂质，油，干燥机用来降低排气温度达到使用要求。对于用气要求质量更高的用户，就要配置更多精度等级的空气过滤器。只要用过滤器就会产生压力降低，压力降低意味着压缩机需打到更高的压力才能满足用气需要。也就是耗能会明显增加，无形中增加了用户大量的购机成本和使用成本。
因此，如何研发一种新型的滑片式压缩机，以解决现有喷油滑片式压缩机存在的问题，成为人们亟待解决的问题。
 技术问题
鉴于此，本发明公开提供了一种水润滑滑片式空气压缩机，以至少解决以往滑片式空气压缩机，由于采用润滑油进行润滑，导致的运行温度高、维修成本大、污染严重等问题。
 技术解决方案
本发明提供的技术方案，具体为，一种水润滑滑片式空气压缩机，包括：壳体1、大端盖2、小端盖3、定子4、转子5、滑片6、空气过滤器7、进气阀8、水气分离器9以及止回阀10；
所述壳体1的两端均设置有止口；
所述大端盖2固定安装于所述壳体1的一端止口内，在所述大端盖2内安装有第一滚动轴承21；
所述小端盖3固定安装于所述壳体1的另一端止口内，在所述小端盖3内安装有第一滚动轴承31；
所述定子4安装于所述壳体1内，两端分别与所述大端盖2和所述小端盖3固定连接，且所述定子4内设置有贯穿两端的偏心孔；
所述转子5安装于所述定子4的偏心孔内，其一端插设于所述大端盖2内的第一滚动轴承21中，另一端插设于所述小端盖3内的第一滚动轴承31中，且所述转子5的外周间隔设置有纵向凹槽；
所述滑片6安装于所述转子5的纵向凹槽内，与所述大端盖2、小端盖3、定子4以及转子5形成吸气腔以及压缩腔；
所述空气过滤器7安装于所述大端盖2上；
所述进气阀8安装于所述大端盖2上，且分别与所述空气过滤器7和所述吸气腔连通；
所述水气分离器9与所述压缩腔连通；
所述止回阀10安装于所述水气分离器9上，且分别与所述水气分离器9以及外部出气管路连通；
所述空气压缩机还包括：第二滚动轴承12、锁紧螺母13、轴承挡圈14、第二滚动轴承挡盖15以及两个轴承密封11；
两个所述轴承密封11分别位于所述大端盖2和所述小端盖3内，且密封套装于所述转子5的两端，将所述大端盖2内第一滚动轴承21和所述小端盖3内第一滚动轴承31与所述吸气腔和所述压缩腔隔离；
所述第二滚动轴承12位于所述小端盖3内第一滚动轴承31的外侧，所述第二滚动轴承12的外圈与所述小端盖3过盈配合，所述第二滚动轴承12的内圈套装于所述转子5的外部，且与所述转子5之间留有间隙；
所述锁紧螺母13安装于所述转子上，将所述第二滚动轴承12的内圈进行锁紧；
所述轴承挡圈14套装于所述转子5的外部，且所述轴承挡圈14的两端端面分别与所述小端盖3内第一滚动轴承31的内圈端面以及所述第二滚动轴承12的内圈端面重合；
所述第二滚动轴承挡盖15安装于所述小端盖3的外侧，与所述第二滚动轴承12的外圈平面重合，用于定位所述第二滚动轴承12的外圈。
优选，每个所述轴承密封11均包括：轴承密封座111以及安装于所述轴承密封座111内的一级密封112。
进一步优选，每个所述轴承密封11还均包括：安装于所述轴承密封座111内的二级密封113，且所述二级密封113与所述一级密封112间隔设置，在所述一级密封112和所述二级密封113之间留有存水空间，所述轴承密封座111上设置有与所述存水空间连通的卸放口1111；
所述大端盖2上设置有卸放口22，所述大端盖2上的卸放口22一端与所述大端盖2内轴承密封座111上的卸放口1111连通，另一端与压缩机外部连通；
所述小端盖3上设置有卸放口32，所述小端盖3上的卸放口32一端与所述小端盖3内轴承密封座111上的卸放口1111连通，另一端与压缩机外部连通。
优选，所述大端盖2和所述小端盖3上均设置有进水口23,33；
每个所述轴承密封11中轴承密封座111上均设置有进水口1112以及出水口1113，且所述进水口1112和所述出水口1113均位于所述一级密封112的一侧，其中，所述大端盖2内轴承密封座111上的进水口1112通过所述大端盖2上的进水口23与所述压缩腔内的冷却水连通，所述大端盖2内轴承密封座111上的出水口1113与所述压缩腔的低压腔连通，所述小端盖3内轴承密封座111上的进水口1112通过所述小端盖3上的进水口33与所述压缩腔内的冷却水连通，所述小端盖3内轴承密封座111上的出水口1113与所述压缩腔的低压腔连通。
进一步优选，所述大端盖2上设置有与其内第一滚动轴承21所在空间连通的通气孔24、注油孔25以及排油孔26；
所述小端盖3上设置有与其内第一滚动轴承31所在空间连通的通气孔34、注油孔25以及排油孔36。
进一步优选，所述第一滚动轴承21,31为圆柱滚子轴承，所述第二滚动轴承12为球轴承。
进一步优选，所述进气阀8包括：进气阀体81以及进气控制阀82；
所述进气阀体81内设置有贯通上下的腔体，且所述腔体内设置有隔板811，所述隔板811上设置有通孔；
所述进气控制阀82包括：挡盖821、导向套822、阀杆823、密封垫824、活塞825、复位弹簧826以及端顶827；
所述挡盖821上设置有进气孔，固定安装于所述进气阀体81的进气端口处；
所述导向套822位于所述进气阀体81的腔体内，与所述隔板811固定连接；
所述阀杆823滑动嵌套安装于所述导向套822内，且所述阀杆823的下端位于所述隔板811的下方，所述阀杆823的上端位于所述隔板811的上方；
所述密封垫824与所述阀杆823的下端固定连接，且所述密封垫824的尺寸与所述挡盖821上的进气孔尺寸箱匹配；
所述活塞825与所述阀杆823的上端固定连接；
所述复位弹簧826套装于所述导向套822和所述阀杆823的外部，一端与所述活塞825相抵，另一端与所述隔板811相抵；
所述端顶827固定安装于所述进气阀体81的进气端口处，与所述活塞825之间留有空间，且所述端顶827上设置有与所述空间连通的通孔，所述通孔通过电磁阀控制与所述压缩腔连通与否。
进一步优选，所述转子5外周的纵向凹槽开口处设置有圆角。
进一步优选，所述壳体1采用铝合金制成，且所述壳体1的表面设置有防腐层，所述大端盖2、小端盖3、定子4、转子5均采用不锈钢制成，所述滑片6采用非金属材质制成。
进一步优选，所述水润滑滑片式空气压缩机，还包括：水过滤器，所述水过滤器的进水口与所述壳体1的出水口连通，所述水过滤器的出水口与所述壳体1的进水口连通。
 有益效果
本发明提供的水润滑滑片式空气压缩机，通过在大端盖和小端盖内分别设置有轴承密封，将大端盖以及小端盖内的第一滚动轴承与吸气腔和压缩腔进行隔离，以防止压缩机中的润滑水流到第一滚动轴承中造成润滑脂快速失效，轴承腐蚀，快速报废。此外，在小端盖上还安装有第二滚动轴承，很好限制了转子的轴向窜动，保证了转子旋转时转子两侧平面与大端盖，小端盖的平面完全不接触，避免因平面剐蹭导致主机报死。
本发明提供的水润滑滑片式空气压缩机，具有结构简单，设计合理，运行成本低，无污染等优点。
 附图说明
此处的附图被并入说明书中并构成本说明书的一部分，示出了符合本发明的实施例，并与说明书一起用于解释本发明的原理。
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，对于本领域普通技术人员而言，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明公开实施例提供的一种水润滑滑片式空气压缩机的结构示意图；
图2、图3为本发明公开实施例提供的一种水润滑滑片式空气压缩机中大端盖的结构示意图；
图4为本发明公开实施例提供的一种水润滑滑片式空气压缩机中小端盖的结构示意图；
图5为本发明公开实施例提供的一种水润滑滑片式空气压缩机中轴承密封座的结构示意图；
图6为本发明公开实施例提供的一种水润滑滑片式空气压缩机中进气阀的结构示意图。
 本发明的最佳实施方式
这里将详细地对示例性实施例进行说明，其示例表示在附图中。下面的描述涉及附图时，除非另有表示，不同附图中的相同数字表示相同或相似的要素。以下示例性实施例中所描述的实施方式并不代表与本发明相一致的所有实施方式。相反，它们仅是与如所附权利要求书中所详述的、本发明的一些方面相一致的装置的例子。
众所周知，采用喷油滑片式压缩机，会存在背景技术中所述的种种问题，但至今水润滑的滑片式压缩机没有得到推广，主要原因在于，对于本领域技术人员而言存在以下技术难题：
1、喷油滑片式空气压缩机的转子支撑方式是滑动轴承支撑，轴承的润滑油进入到轴承与转子的间隙后直接进入到了吸气腔中。这种结构的缺点是：因为是薄壁滑动轴承，承载能力有限，无法做到大功率，大排气量的主机，同时这种轴承是无法在水中使用的。
2、压缩腔与滚动轴承室的完全分隔，压缩腔内的水一定不能进入到轴承室内，因为滚动轴承进入水后会导致润滑脂快速失效，轴承腐蚀，快速报废。
3、转子的轴向定位，压缩机在运转时转子会有微小的轴向窜动，所以转子两侧平面与大、小端盖的平面间必须留有间隙，以防止转子旋转时因为很小的轴向窜动使平面间发生剐蹭，导致平面粘连，主机报死。
为克服上述的各种技术难点，本实施方案提供了一种水润滑滑片式空气压缩机，参见图1，该空气压缩机主要由壳体1、大端盖2、小端盖3、定子4、转子5、滑片6、空气过滤器7、进气阀8、水气分离器9以及止回阀10构成，其中，在壳体1的两端均设置有止口，大端盖2固定安装于壳体1的一端止口内，在大端盖2内安装有第一滚动轴承21，小端盖3固定安装于壳体1的另一端止口内，在小端盖3内安装有第一滚动轴承31，定子4安装于壳体1内，两端分别与大端盖2和小端盖3固定连接，且定子4内设置有贯穿两端的偏心孔，转子5安装于定子4的偏心孔内，其一端插设于大端盖2内的第一滚动轴承21中，另一端插设于小端盖3内的第一滚动轴承31中，且转子5的外周间隔设置有纵向凹槽，滑片6安装于转子5的纵向凹槽内，与大端盖2、小端盖3、定子4以及转子5形成吸气腔以及压缩腔，空气过滤器7安装于大端盖2上，进气阀8安装于大端盖2上，且分别与空气过滤器7和吸气腔连通，水气分离器9通过螺纹管连接安装在壳体1上，与压缩腔连通，止回阀10安装于水气分离器9上，且分别与水气分离器9以及外部出气管路连通，空气压缩机还包括：第二滚动轴承12、锁紧螺母13、轴承挡圈14、第二滚动轴承挡盖15以及两个轴承密封11，两个轴承密封11分别位于大端盖2和小端盖3内，且密封套装于转子5的两端，将大端盖2内第一滚动轴承21和小端盖3内第一滚动轴承31与吸气腔和压缩腔隔离，参见图1，在第二滚动轴承12位于小端盖3内第一滚动轴承31的外侧，第二滚动轴承12的外圈与小端盖3过盈配合，第二滚动轴承12的内圈套装于转子5的外部，且与转子5之间留有间隙，锁紧螺母13安装于转子上，将第二滚动轴承12的内圈进行锁紧，轴承挡圈14套装于转子5的外部，且轴承挡圈14的两端端面分别与小端盖3内第一滚动轴承31的内圈端面以及第二滚动轴承12的内圈端面重合，第二滚动轴承挡盖15安装于小端盖3的外侧，与第二滚动轴承12的外圈平面重合，用于定位第二滚动轴承12的外圈。优选，第一滚动轴承21,31为圆柱滚子轴承，用于承受径向力，第二滚动轴承12为球轴承，用于约束转子的微量轴向窜动力。为了提高密封性在轴承密封座与大端盖以及小端盖之间均设置有O型圈。
上述实施方案提供的压缩机，在大端盖和小端盖内分别都安装有第一滚动轴承用于支撑转子，可实现大功率的制作，而且通过分别在大端盖和小端盖内均设置有轴承密封，实现将大端盖内的第一轴承以及小端盖内的第一轴承与吸入腔和压缩腔隔离，防止润滑水进入到第一滚动轴承中，造成第一滚动轴承内的润滑脂快速失效，轴承腐蚀，快速报废等。
其中，轴承密封11可以选用多种结构，只要可以将大端盖内的第一轴承以及小端盖内的第一轴承与吸入腔和压缩腔隔离即可，例如，可以将轴承密封11设计为包括：轴承密封座111以及安装于轴承密封座111内的一级密封112构成，通过轴承密封座111以及一级密封112将大端盖内的第一轴承以及小端盖内的第一轴承与吸入腔和压缩腔隔离，防止润滑水进入到第一滚动轴承中。
作为技术方案的改进，在轴承密封座111内还安装有二级密封113，且二级密封113与一级密封112间隔设置，在一级密封112和二级密封113之间留有存水空间，参见图1、图5，轴承密封座111分别安装在大端盖和小端盖对应的孔内并与相应的配合平面重合，在轴承密封座111上设置有与存水空间连通的卸放口1111，参见图2，在大端盖2上设置有卸放口22，且大端盖2上的卸放口22一端与大端盖2内轴承密封座111上的卸放口1111连通，另一端与压缩机外部连通，参见图4，在小端盖3上设置有卸放口32，小端盖3上的卸放口32一端与小端盖3内轴承密封座111上的卸放口1111连通，另一端与压缩机外部连通。
该轴承密封由轴承密封座、一级密封以及二级密封组成，其中，一级密封就可将轴承室与吸气腔以及压缩腔完全分隔，但通过二级密封的设置，假如一级密封处发生渗漏有水进入，水只能进入到一级密封和二级密封之间的存水腔，并通过与存水腔连通的的卸放口排到主机外部，（因为一级密封会阻挡压力，即使有渗漏也只是微量的无压力的水流入到两个密封之间的存水空间内，而被二级密封完全封住，同时与存水空间连通设置有的卸放口，可以完全将渗漏的水导出存水空腔），确保压缩腔内的水不能进入到轴承室内污染润滑脂，保证了轴承室的密封可靠。
此外，上述压缩机在小端盖上安装的第二滚动轴承很好的限制了转子的轴向窜动，保证了转子旋转时转子两侧平面与大端盖，小端盖的平面完全不接触，避免因平面剐蹭导致主机报死。
上述压缩机的具体工作过程为：压缩机的定子内设置有偏心孔，转子上纵向开槽并内切放置于定子内腔中，滑片放置在转子槽内，当转子在电机的带动下旋转时，由小端盖，转子，滑片，定子，大端盖所构成的封闭腔的容积，发生了由小到大和由大到小的变化，空气在容积变大的时候吸入，变小的时候压缩，随着转子的持续旋转，从而完成空气持续吸入和压缩的过程，在整个过程中连续不断向定子压缩腔内喷入水，对压缩腔零件进行润滑、密封、冷却。排出的压缩空气经气水分离器分离掉水分后通过止回阀排出。
为了有效保证密封使用的可靠性和稳定性，作为技术方案的改进，参见图2，在大端盖2上设置有进水口23，参见图4，在小端盖3上设置有进水口33，参见图5，每个轴承密封11中轴承密封座111上均设置有进水口1112以及出水口1113，且进水口1112和出水口1113均位于一级密封112的一侧，其中，大端盖2内轴承密封座111上的进水口1112通过大端盖2上的进水口23与压缩腔内的冷却水连通，大端盖2内轴承密封座111上的出水口1113与压缩腔的低压腔连通，小端盖3内轴承密封座111上的进水口1112通过小端盖3上的进水口33与压缩腔内的冷却水连通，小端盖3内轴承密封座111上的出水口1113与压缩腔的低压腔连通。通过上述的结构设计，压缩腔内的冷却水会通过进水口进入到轴承密封座中，然后通过出水口排出流入到压缩腔的低压腔，通过循环水对一级密封进行冷却降温，保证密封使用的可靠性和稳定性。
参见图2、图3，作为技术方案的改进，在大端盖2上设置有与其内第一滚动轴承21所在空间连通的通气孔24、注油孔25以及排油孔26，参见图4，在小端盖3上设置有与其内第一滚动轴承31所在空间连通的通气孔34、注油孔25以及排油孔36。其中，大、小端盖上分别都设有注油孔和排油孔，可以定期给滚动轴承注入新的润滑脂，并将已使用过的润滑脂排出轴承室，保证轴承运行可靠，降低故障率，在在大端盖和小端盖上设置有通气孔，确保轴承室内不会出现真空。
参见图6，进气阀8主要由进气阀体81以及进气控制阀82构成，其中，进气阀体81内设置有贯通上下的腔体，且腔体内设置有隔板811，隔板811上设置有通孔，进气控制阀82主要由挡盖821、导向套822、阀杆823、密封垫824、活塞825、复位弹簧826以及端顶827构成，挡盖821上设置有进气孔，固定安装于进气阀体81的进气端口处，导向套822位于进气阀体81的腔体内，与隔板811固定连接，阀杆823滑动嵌套安装于导向套822内，且阀杆823的下端位于隔板811的下方，阀杆823的上端位于隔板811的上方，密封垫824与阀杆823的下端固定连接，且密封垫824的尺寸与挡盖821上的进气孔尺寸箱匹配，活塞825与阀杆823的上端固定连接，复位弹簧826套装于导向套822和阀杆823的外部，一端与活塞825相抵，另一端与隔板811相抵，端顶827固定安装于进气阀体81的进气端口处，与活塞825之间留有空间，且端顶827上设置有与空间连通的通孔，通孔通过电磁阀控制与压缩腔连通与否。
上述进气阀的具体工作过程为：当电磁阀控制端顶的通孔与压缩腔连通时，若压缩腔处于压缩状态，活塞以及阀杆在高压力介质的推动下，相对阀体以及导向套向下运动，带动阀杆下端的密封垫与挡盖紧密贴合，达到密封作用，此时进气阀关闭；若压缩腔处于吸气状体，没有高压力介质时，在负压的作用下，活塞以及阀杆在复位弹簧的作用下，向上运动，带动阀杆下端的密封垫远离挡盖，此时进气阀开启。
作为技术方案的改进，在转子5外周的纵向凹槽开口处设置有圆角，保证滑片在槽内滑动时更加顺畅。
作为技术方案的改进，壳体1采用铝合金制成，大端盖2、小端盖3、定子4、转子5均采用不锈钢制成，滑片6采用非金属材质制成，通过将滑片采用非金属材质制成，以实现对金属材质的定子和转子的磨损几乎为零，延长使用寿命。
为了提高压缩机的使用寿命，在壳体1的表面设置有防腐层，该防腐层可有以下几种形式加工而成：1、阳极氧化；2、阳极硬质氧化；3、瓷质化；4、微弧化；5、喷防腐涂料。
作为技术方案的改进，在水润滑滑片式空气压缩机中还设置有水过滤器，该水过滤器的进水口与壳体1的出水口连通，水过滤器的出水口与壳体1的进水口连通，循环水经过水过滤器过滤后在循环到压缩机内。
上述实施方案提供水润滑滑片式空气压缩机，具有以下优点：
1、使用水做为压缩机的润滑介质。在滑片式空气压缩机中使用水代替油，既起到了润滑、密封、冷却、降噪的作用，同时因为整个压缩机主机内部没有使用一点润滑油，所以在整个工作过程中压缩机排出的是干净的无污染的压缩空气，含油量为零。
2、压缩机运行温度低，可以实现最高效的等温压缩。没有润滑油就不需要考虑润滑油低温“乳化”的问题，这样压缩机就可以保持在较低的温度下运行，因为水的比热容是油的2倍多所以水的降温效果要远远好于油，这样就可以保证压缩机在较低的温度下工作（一般在40℃左右运行，而喷油压缩机一般在85℃左右运行），基本可以实现等温压缩。等温压缩是压缩机最理想的工作状态，效率最高，所以本发明可以实现滑片压缩机的效率最大化。
3、用户的维护，保养费用大幅度降低。再也不需要更换价格昂贵的润滑油（水的价格和润滑油相比基本可忽略不计）及油过滤和油气分离用品，再也不需要担心排出的压缩空气含油量高而导致用气设备或产品损坏，报废了。同时压缩机是低温度运行，所有密封件等元件的使用寿命都大幅度提高。
4、高效的轴承布局结构设计和密封结构设计。在转子两端采用滚动轴承支撑来承受径向力，在压缩腔与轴承室之间设置的密封结构有效的将压缩腔内的水和轴承室内的滚动轴承完全分隔开，如图1所示，此处使用了双级密封加卸放口和密封冷却的设计结构，一级密封起到分隔压缩腔中的水与轴承室的主要作用，并且完全分隔了压缩腔内的压力，也就是说即使一级密封发生了渗漏，那么流入到一级密封和二级密封之间存水腔的水也是没有压力的，并且没有压力的水会通过卸放口直接排出到主机外部，二级密封进一步加强防护作用，只需要阻挡无压力的水，这种情况下二级密封的可靠性几乎是100%。
在一级密封处设置了用于冷却密封件的进水口和出水口，保证了密封始终在可靠的温度下工作，运行更加可靠。
卸放口的设计具有预警功能。当一级密封因超出使用时间密封效果下降时，通过卸放口排出的水量会增大，所以只需根据卸放口排出水量多少即可确定密封是否需要更换，大大确保了用户的维护及时性，避免了因密封更换不及时造成的轴承损坏，报废而导致的维修复杂，成本大幅度增高的风险。
此处的密封结构简单但非常合理，可靠，轴向尺寸特别小，因此两边轴承之间的跨距也做到了最小，这样转子的挠曲变形最小，刚性就会更好，直接影响了主机的运行噪音，电流，振动都会大幅度降低。
5、在小端盖上设置的第二滚动轴承用于轴向限位，并通过锁紧螺母对小端盖与转子的配合平面间隙进行少量调整，保证了转子安装后两侧面与大，小端盖的配合平面间留有微小的间隙，既保证了平面间水膜的形成又保证了平面间不会接触，确保了转子运行的可靠性和压缩机的工作效率。
6、应用不锈钢做为吸气阀，大端盖，转子，定子，小端盖的材料，滑片使用非金属材料，其它零件均使用铝合金材料，确保压缩机零件在水润滑状态下使用既不会生锈也不被腐蚀。
7、所有的铝合金零件全部进行防腐处理，确保铝合金零件不会出现腐蚀。因为铝合金零件一旦发生腐蚀在零件表面就会有氧化物产生并脱落到水中，对水造成污染，堵塞内部水路造成供水不足而导致润滑面粘连、轴承报死，主机报废的严重后果。
8、无污染。无油滑片式空气压缩机的整个工作过程，因为润滑介质是水所以没有了油造成的污染，低碳环保，无污染，有效节约能源。
滑片式空气压缩机工作原理简单，高度集成的模组化设计使结构更简化，主动密封的密封方式是最可靠的密封方式，运动部件少只有转子和滑片，唯一会有轻微磨损的零件“滑片”具有自动补偿的特性，运行效率不下降，故障率低。这些特点使滑片式空气压缩机在全世界范围内被广泛的应用，但到目前为止滑片式空气压缩机都是喷油式压缩机，其具有自身设计的局限性和应用的局限性。而水润滑滑片式空气压缩机既有喷油滑片式压缩机所有优点又具有喷油式压缩机所不具备的优点（全程无油，运行温度低，维护、保养费用降至最低，低碳环保），本发明对无油滑片式空气压缩机的开发，是喷油滑片式空气压缩机的升级换代产品，具有巨大的市场价值和社会价值。
本领域技术人员在考虑说明书及实践这里公开的发明后，将容易想到本发明的其它实施方案。本申请旨在涵盖本发明的任何变型、用途或者适应性变化，这些变型、用途或者适应性变化遵循本发明的一般性原理并包括本发明未公开的本技术领域中的公知常识或惯用技术手段。说明书和实施例仅被视为示例性的，本发明的真正范围和精神由权利要求指出。
应当理解的是，本发明并不局限于上面已经描述并在附图中示出的精确结构，并且可以在不脱离其范围进行各种修改和改变。本发明的范围仅由所附的权利要求来限制。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种水润滑滑片式空气压缩机，包括：壳体（1）、大端盖（2）、小端盖（3）、定子（4）、转子（5）、滑片（6）、空气过滤器（7）、进气阀（8）、水气分离器（9）以及止回阀（10）；
    所述壳体（1）的两端均设置有止口；
    所述大端盖（2）固定安装于所述壳体（1）的一端止口内，在所述大端盖（2）内安装有第一滚动轴承（21）；
    所述小端盖（3）固定安装于所述壳体（1）的另一端止口内，在所述小端盖（3）内安装有第一滚动轴承（31）；
    所述定子（4）安装于所述壳体（1）内，两端分别与所述大端盖（2）和所述小端盖（3）固定连接，且所述定子（4）内设置有贯穿两端的偏心孔；
    所述转子（5）安装于所述定子（4）的偏心孔内，其一端插设于所述大端盖（2）内的第一滚动轴承（21）中，另一端插设于所述小端盖（3）内的第一滚动轴承（31）中，且所述转子（5）的外周间隔设置有纵向凹槽；
    所述滑片（6）安装于所述转子（5）的纵向凹槽内，与所述大端盖（2）、小端盖（3）、定子（4）以及转子（5）形成吸气腔以及压缩腔；
    所述空气过滤器（7）安装于所述大端盖（2）上；
    所述进气阀（8）安装于所述大端盖（2）上，且分别与所述空气过滤器（7）和所述吸气腔连通；
    所述水气分离器（9）与所述压缩腔连通；
    所述止回阀（10）安装于所述水气分离器（9）上，且分别与所述水气分离器（9）以及外部出气管路连通；
    其特征在于，所述空气压缩机还包括：第二滚动轴承（12）、锁紧螺母（13）、轴承挡圈（14）、第二滚动轴承挡盖（15）以及两个轴承密封（11）；
    两个所述轴承密封（11）分别位于所述大端盖（2）和所述小端盖（3）内，且密封套装于所述转子（5）的两端，将所述大端盖（2）内第一滚动轴承（21）和所述小端盖（3）内第一滚动轴承（31）与所述吸气腔和所述压缩腔隔离；
    所述第二滚动轴承（12）位于所述小端盖（3）内第一滚动轴承（31）的外侧，所述第二滚动轴承（12）的外圈与所述小端盖（3）过盈配合，所述第二滚动轴承（12）的内圈套装于所述转子（5）的外部，且与所述转子（5）之间留有间隙；
    所述锁紧螺母（13）安装于所述转子上，将所述第二滚动轴承（12）的内圈进行锁紧；
    所述轴承挡圈（14）套装于所述转子（5）的外部，且所述轴承挡圈（14）的两端端面分别与所述小端盖（3）内第一滚动轴承（31）的内圈端面以及所述第二滚动轴承（12）的内圈端面重合；
    所述第二滚动轴承挡盖（15）安装于所述小端盖（3）的外侧，与所述第二滚动轴承（12）的外圈平面重合，用于定位所述第二滚动轴承（12）的外圈。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述水润滑滑片式空气压缩机，其特征在于，每个所述轴承密封（11）均包括：轴承密封座（111）以及安装于所述轴承密封座（111）内的一级密封（112）。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述水润滑滑片式空气压缩机，其特征在于，每个所述轴承密封（11）还均包括：安装于所述轴承密封座（111）内的二级密封（113），且所述二级密封（113）与所述一级密封（112）间隔设置，在所述一级密封（112）和所述二级密封（113）之间留有存水空间，所述轴承密封座（111）上设置有与所述存水空间连通的卸放口（1111）；
    所述大端盖（2）上设置有卸放口（22），所述大端盖（2）上的卸放口（22）一端与所述大端盖（2）内轴承密封座（111）上的卸放口（1111）连通，另一端与压缩机外部连通；
    所述小端盖（3）上设置有卸放口（32），所述小端盖（3）上的卸放口（32）一端与所述小端盖（3）内轴承密封座（111）上的卸放口（1111）连通，另一端与压缩机外部连通。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述水润滑滑片式空气压缩机，其特征在于，所述大端盖（2）和所述小端盖（3）上均设置有进水口（23,33）；
    每个所述轴承密封（11）中轴承密封座（111）上均设置有进水口（1112）以及出水口（1113），且所述进水口（1112）和所述出水口（1113）均位于所述一级密封（112）的一侧，其中，所述大端盖（2）内轴承密封座（111）上的进水口（1112）通过所述大端盖（2）上的进水口（23）与所述压缩腔内的冷却水连通，所述大端盖（2）内轴承密封座（111）上的出水口（1113）与所述压缩腔的低压腔连通，所述小端盖（3）内轴承密封座（111）上的进水口（1112）通过所述小端盖（3）上的进水口（33）与所述压缩腔内的冷却水连通，所述小端盖（3）内轴承密封座（111）上的出水口（1113）与所述压缩腔的低压腔连通。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述水润滑滑片式空气压缩机，其特征在于，所述大端盖（2）上设置有与其内第一滚动轴承（21）所在空间连通的通气孔（24）、注油孔（25）以及排油孔（26）；
    所述小端盖（3）上设置有与其内第一滚动轴承（31）所在空间连通的通气孔（34）、注油孔（25）以及排油孔（36）。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述水润滑滑片式空气压缩机，其特征在于，所述第一滚动轴承（21,31）为圆柱滚子轴承，所述第二滚动轴承（12）为球轴承。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述水润滑滑片式空气压缩机，其特征在于，所述进气阀（8）包括：进气阀体（81）以及进气控制阀（82）；
    所述进气阀体（81）内设置有贯通上下的腔体，且所述腔体内设置有隔板（811），所述隔板（811）上设置有通孔；
    所述进气控制阀（82）包括：挡盖（821）、导向套（822）、阀杆（823）、密封垫（824）、活塞（825）、复位弹簧（826）以及端顶（827）；
    所述挡盖（821）上设置有进气孔，固定安装于所述进气阀体（81）的进气端口处；
    所述导向套（822）位于所述进气阀体（81）的腔体内，与所述隔板（811）固定连接；
    所述阀杆（823）滑动嵌套安装于所述导向套（822）内，且所述阀杆（823）的下端位于所述隔板（811）的下方，所述阀杆（823）的上端位于所述隔板（811）的上方；
    所述密封垫（824）与所述阀杆（823）的下端固定连接，且所述密封垫（824）的尺寸与所述挡盖（821）上的进气孔尺寸箱匹配；
    所述活塞（825）与所述阀杆（823）的上端固定连接；
    所述复位弹簧（826）套装于所述导向套（822）和所述阀杆（823）的外部，一端与所述活塞（825）相抵，另一端与所述隔板（811）相抵；
    所述端顶（827）固定安装于所述进气阀体（81）的进气端口处，与所述活塞（825）之间留有空间，且所述端顶（827）上设置有与所述空间连通的通孔，所述通孔通过电磁阀控制与所述压缩腔连通与否。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述水润滑滑片式空气压缩机，其特征在于，所述转子（5）外周的纵向凹槽开口处设置有圆角。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述水润滑滑片式空气压缩机，其特征在于，所述壳体（1）采用铝合金制成，且表面设置有防腐层，所述大端盖（2）、小端盖（3）、定子（4）、转子（5）均采用不锈钢制成，所述滑片（6）采用非金属材质制成。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述水润滑滑片式空气压缩机，其特征在于，还包括：水过滤器，所述水过滤器的进水口与所述壳体（1）的出水口连通，所述水过滤器的出水口与所述壳体（1）的进水口连通。
PCT/CN2019/104169 2018-09-29 2019-09-03 一种水润滑滑片式空气压缩机 WO2020063270A1 (zh)

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