WO2020063140A1 - 一种用于锁具的密码开关装置和锁芯装置 - Google Patents

一种用于锁具的密码开关装置和锁芯装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020063140A1
WO2020063140A1 PCT/CN2019/100115 CN2019100115W WO2020063140A1 WO 2020063140 A1 WO2020063140 A1 WO 2020063140A1 CN 2019100115 W CN2019100115 W CN 2019100115W WO 2020063140 A1 WO2020063140 A1 WO 2020063140A1
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Prior art keywords
slider
card
pin
lock
lock pin
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PCT/CN2019/100115
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English (en)
French (fr)
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赖玉武
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赖玉武
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Publication of WO2020063140A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020063140A1/zh

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B35/00—Locks for use with special keys or a plurality of keys ; keys therefor
    • E05B35/007—Locks for use with special keys or a plurality of keys ; keys therefor the key being a card, e.g. perforated, or the like
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B27/00—Cylinder locks or other locks with tumbler pins or balls that are set by pushing the key in
    • E05B27/005—Cylinder locks or other locks with tumbler pins or balls that are set by pushing the key in with changeable combinations
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B27/00—Cylinder locks or other locks with tumbler pins or balls that are set by pushing the key in
    • E05B27/10—Cylinder locks or other locks with tumbler pins or balls that are set by pushing the key in operated by other surfaces of the key, e.g. openings receiving projections on the tumblers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a mechanical lock, particularly a purely mechanical cipher switch device and a lock core device used for various locks.
  • Locks have a wide range of applications in daily life.
  • the existing locks are roughly divided into two categories: mechanical locks and electronic locks, and mechanical locks are divided into ordinary mechanical locks and password mechanical locks.
  • Electronic locks are more secure than mechanical locks, but they need to be designed with special decoding circuits.
  • the manufacture of locks is more complicated and the cost is higher. Due to the use of large-scale integrated circuits, they are prone to failure.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to propose a cipher switch device for a lock.
  • a lock core made on the basis of this cipher switch device is installed on various mechanical locks.
  • This mechanical lock has a thin card-type key and is convenient to carry. What's more important is that you don't need to change the lock tube when changing the lock. You only need to replace the password switch device, and you don't need special tools to change the password switch device, and the operation is very easy.
  • the object of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions.
  • a cipher switch device for a lock is composed of a cipher block and a drilling card.
  • the drilling card is a rectangular sheet, and the drilling card has a plurality of card holes.
  • the cipher block includes a rectangular base, a slider, and a lock pin.
  • the bottom of the base has a rectangular slider groove.
  • the opening of the slider groove is covered by a cover plate to make a slider grid.
  • the shorter slider is placed on the slider.
  • the block grid can slide back and forth along the slider grid.
  • Slider springs are placed on the two sides of the front part of the slider grid. The two ends of the slider spring abut the base and the slider, so that the rear end of the slider often abuts. It is connected to the side of the slider grid of the base.
  • the rear end of the base is opened with a card socket that communicates with the slider grid, and the middle part of the front end is horizontally opened with a locking pin port that communicates with the slider grid.
  • the lock pin has a cavity inside and a lock pin spring is built in, the two ends of the lock pin spring abut the lock pin and the cover plate respectively, so that the inclined expansion chuck of the lock pin often abuts the slider of the base Fence edge.
  • the front end of the slider is provided with a lock pin driving head, which is provided in two pieces on the two sides of the middle portion of the slider.
  • the slider spring is located outside the lock pin driving head.
  • the distance between the two lock pin driving heads is slightly greater than The diameter of the lock pin.
  • the lock pin drive head has a bevel.
  • the slider has a card slot near the side of the cover.
  • the width of the card slot is equivalent to that of a drilled card.
  • the drilled card can be inserted straight from the card slot to the end of the card slot.
  • base pin holes in the base corresponding to the slider grid.
  • B pins and pin springs are placed in the base pin holes.
  • slider pin holes in the slot corresponding to the card slot There are several slider pin holes in the slot corresponding to the card slot.
  • a pin pins are placed in the slider pin holes.
  • C-ball, A-ball and C-ball are located near the end of the cover plate and have a circular convex surface. Normally, the positions of the base bullet holes and the slider bullet holes correspond one to one.
  • the A-ball is a normal marble: the length of the A-ball is equal to the difference between the thickness of the slider and the thickness of the drilled card, and its upper end face is normally located in the slider-hole of the slider, and the B-ball section is located in the hole of the base. Enter the slider pin hole to make the slider in the locked state.
  • the drilling card drives the A pin to move from the slider pin hole so that the upper end of the A pin is flush with the slider surface.
  • the slider is in the open state.
  • the card hole of the drilled card is located at the position of the pin hole of the block, the A pin returns to the normal state.
  • the C marble is a cipher marble: the length of the C marble is equal to the thickness of the slider, and its upper end is normally flush with the slider surface to keep the slider in the open state.
  • the card is drilled. Drive the C marble to move from the slider's bullet hole so that the upper end of the C's marble extends beyond the slider's bullet hole and enters the base's bullet hole to keep the slider in the locked state.
  • the card hole of the drilled card corresponds to the slider's bullet hole, When in position, C marbles return to normal.
  • the slider When the drilled card is inserted into the end of the card slot, all the card holes of the drilled card correspond to the positions of the C pins, and there is no card hole corresponding to the position of the A pins, the slider is in the unlocked state. The slider can be pushed forward to retract the lock pin into the base.
  • a lock cylinder device includes a lock cylinder and a cipher block.
  • the lock cylinder has a rear cylinder and a front cylinder which are coaxially connected.
  • the diameter of the front cylinder is smaller than the rear cylinder and the front end of the lock cylinder.
  • a driving rod groove is formed on the part, and a pin hole is opened on the groove side.
  • a rectangular cipher block groove is opened in the lock core.
  • the cipher block slot penetrates the rear cylinder and is partially located in the front cylinder.
  • the width of the cipher block groove is larger than the diameter of the front cylinder.
  • the front cylinder also has a cipher block groove. Connected spring groove, the spring is placed in the spring groove.
  • a cipher block is placed in a cipher block slot, and the cross section of the cipher block slot is equivalent to the cipher block.
  • the cipher block is a cipher block in the above-mentioned cipher switch device.
  • the lock pin of the lock core corresponding to the cipher block is laterally provided with a lock pin bayonet and a lock pin groove, and a front cylinder is provided with a lock core bayonet near the lock pin bayonet.
  • all the cipher blocks are located in the cipher block groove of the lock core, and the front end of the cipher block is partially outside the front cylinder.
  • the upper end of the lock pin enters the lock pin bayonet of the lock core, and the two ends of the lock core spring abut At the end of the lock cylinder and cipher block.
  • the present invention has the following outstanding substantive features and significant progress.
  • the cryptographic switch device of the present invention has strong security. As long as there are more than 10 sets of marbles in the cryptographic block, by arranging different numbers and positions of the cryptographic marbles, different cryptographic cryptographic blocks can be designed. The chance of repetition is extremely small, and the possibility of illegal unlocking can be greatly reduced with locks made with this cipher block.
  • the lock cylinder device of the present invention has a simple structure, a card-type key, and is convenient to carry. It is not necessary to change the lock core when changing the lock. It is only necessary to replace the password switch device, and the password switch device is replaced without special tools, and the operation is very easy.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a cipher switch device (locked state) according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a top view of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a cipher switch device (unlocked state) according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a top view of FIG. 3.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a lock cylinder device (locked state) according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along AA in FIG. 5.
  • FIG. 7 is a top view of FIG. 5.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the lock cylinder device (unlocked state) of FIG. 5.
  • a cipher switch device for a lock is composed of a cipher block 1 and a drilled card 4.
  • the drilled card 4 is a rectangular sheet, and the drilled card 4 has a plurality of card holes 40.
  • the cipher block 1 includes a rectangular base 11, a slider 2 and a locking pin 3.
  • the bottom of the base 11 has a rectangular slider groove.
  • the opening of the slider groove is closed by a cover plate 12 to become a slider grid 110.
  • the short slider 2 is placed in the slider grid 110 and can slide back and forth along the slider grid 110.
  • Slider springs 22 are respectively placed on the two sides of the front portion of the slider grid 110, and the two ends of the slider spring 22 are abutted respectively.
  • the base 11 and the slider 2 make the rear end of the slider 2 abut the slider grid 110 of the base 11 at the rear.
  • the rear end of the base 11 is opened with a card socket 100 communicating with the slider grid 110, and the middle of the front end is opened laterally.
  • lock pin opening communicating with the slider grid 110 and a lock pin 3 is placed.
  • the bottom end of the lock pin 3 is provided with an oblique enlarged chuck 32.
  • the lock pin 3 has a cavity therein and a lock pin spring 31 is built in. The ends abut on the lock pin 3 and the cover plate 12 respectively, so that the obliquely expanding chuck 32 of the lock pin 3 often abuts the side of the slider grid 110 of the base 11.
  • the front end of the slider 2 is provided with a lock pin driving head 23, which is provided in two pieces on the two sides of the middle portion of the slider 2.
  • the slider spring 22 is located outside the lock pin driving head 23, and two lock pins
  • the distance L of the driving head 23 is slightly larger than the diameter of the locking pin 3.
  • the locking pin driving head 23 has an inclined surface. When the slider 2 is pushed to slide forward, the locking pin driving head 23 passes through the locking pin 3 and passes through the inclined surface.
  • the obliquely expanding chuck 32 of the lock pin 3 causes the lock pin 3 to overcome the elastic force of the lock pin spring 31, the lock pin 3 moves into the slider grid 110, and at the same time, the slider spring 22 contracts.
  • the slider 2 has a card slot 21 on the side of the near cover 12.
  • the width of the card slot 21 is equivalent to that of the drilled card 4.
  • the drilled card 4 can be inserted straight from the card socket 100 to the end of the card slot 21.
  • the base 11 is provided with a base bullet hole 10 corresponding to the slider grid 110.
  • the base bullet hole 10 is provided with a B marble 14 and a bullet spring 15;
  • the slider 2 is provided with a plurality of slider bullet holes 20 corresponding to the card slot 21, A bullet 13 or C bullet 16 is placed in the slider bullet hole 20, the cross section of A bullet 13, C bullet 16 and B bullet 14 is circular, and A bullet 13 and C bullet 16 have a circular convex surface near the end of the cover plate 12. ;
  • the positions of the base bullet holes 10 and the slider bullet holes 20 correspond one to one.
  • the A-ball 13 is an ordinary ball: the length of the A-ball 13 is equal to the difference between the thickness of the slider 2 and the thickness of the drilled card 4.
  • the upper end face of the A-ball 13 is normally located in the slider pin hole 20, and is located in the base pin hole.
  • the B bullet 14 in 10 enters the slider bullet hole 20 so that the slider 2 is locked.
  • the drill card 4 drives the A bullet 13 from the slider bullet hole 20 Move so that the upper end of the A marble 13 is flush with the surface of the slider 2 so that the slider 2 is in the open state.
  • the card hole 40 of the drilling card 4 is correspondingly located at the slider marble hole 20, the A marble 13 returns to normal;
  • the C marble 16 is a cipher marble: the length of the C marble 16 is equal to the thickness of the slider 2 and its upper end is normally flush with the surface of the slider 2 so that the slider 2 is in the open state.
  • the drilling card 4 drives the C marble 16 to move from the slider bullet hole 20 so that the upper end of the C marble 16 extends beyond the slider bullet hole 20 and enters the base bullet hole 10 so that the slider 2 is locked.
  • the card hole 40 of the drilled card 4 is located at the position of the slider pin hole 20 correspondingly, the C pin 16 returns to the normal state.
  • a lock cylinder device includes a lock cylinder 5 and a cipher block 1.
  • the lock cylinder 5 has a rear cylinder and a front cylinder that are coaxially connected.
  • the diameter of the front cylinder Smaller than the rear cylinder, the front end of the lock cylinder 5 is provided with a driving rod groove 52 and a pin hole 53 is formed at the groove side.
  • the lock cylinder 5 is provided with a rectangular cipher block groove 50.
  • the cipher block groove 50 penetrates the rear cylinder and is partially located in the front cylinder.
  • the width of the cipher block groove 50 is larger than the diameter of the front cylinder.
  • the front cylinder also has The spring groove is in communication with the cipher block groove 50, and the spring 51 is placed in the spring groove.
  • a cipher block 1 is placed in a cipher block slot 50.
  • the cross section of the cipher block slot 50 is equivalent to the cipher block 1.
  • the cipher block 1 is a cipher block in the cipher switch device according to the first embodiment.
  • the lock cylinder 5 corresponds to the lock pin 3 of the cipher block 1 and has a lock pin bayonet 502 and a lock pin groove 501 laterally.
  • a front cylinder is provided with a lock core bayonet groove 503 near the lock pin bayonet 502.
  • the cipher block 1 moves backwards under the action of the lock cylinder spring 51.
  • the front end of the cipher block 1 is located in the rear cylinder of the lock cylinder 5, and the rear end is located in the lock cylinder. Outside 5, the upper end of the lock pin 3 enters the lock pin slot (501).

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  • Lock And Its Accessories (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及机械锁，提出一种用于锁具的密码开关装置，其包括有密码块和钻孔卡片，钻孔卡片是开有多个卡片孔的矩形薄片，密码块包括有矩形基座、滑块和锁销，基座内设有滑块栅，滑块置于滑块栅内，滑块底部具有卡片槽、前端具有活动锁销，基座的后部对应卡片槽位置开有卡片插口、对应锁销位置具有锁销口，基座和滑块内分布有若干弹子对，将钻孔卡片插入卡片槽内，若全部卡片孔与弹子对相匹配则滑块可驱动锁销收入矩形基座内；采用这种密码开关装置的锁芯装置，包括有锁芯和密码块，锁芯的前端部开有驱动杆槽，锁芯内开有矩形密码块槽和弹簧槽，弹簧置于弹簧槽内，密码块置于密码块槽内，锁芯对应于密码块的锁销横向开有锁销卡口和锁销卡槽。本发明具有钥匙方便携带，换锁容易的实质性特点。

Description

一种用于锁具的密码开关装置和锁芯装置 技术领域
本发明涉及机械锁，特别是用于各类锁具的纯机械式密码开关装置和锁芯装置。
背景技术
锁具在日常生活中有着广泛的应用。现有的锁具大概分为两大类：机械锁和电子锁，机械锁又分为普通机械锁和密码机械锁。
普通机械锁制作成本较低，应用最广泛，但其保密性较差，钥匙容易被复制，钥匙又厚又重、出门随身佩带很不方便。另外，机械锁(如门锁)要更换时，通常要整体更换或更换锁胆，比较麻烦。
密码机械锁无需佩带钥匙，但要记住密码，现今人们要记的密码太多，容易混乱。
电子锁的保密性较机械锁高，但其需要设计置专门的解码电路，锁的制造较为复杂，成本亦高，由于采用大规模集成电路，容易出现故障。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提出一种用于锁具的密码开关装置，以这种密码开关装置为基础制成的锁芯安装于各种机械锁上，这种机械锁具有薄的卡片式钥匙，方便携带，更重要的是换锁不需要更换锁胆，只更换密码开关装置便可，而且更换密码开关装置无需专用工具，操作十分容易。
本发明的目的可通过如下技术方案来实现。
一种用于锁具的密码开关装置，由密码块和钻孔卡片组成，所述钻孔卡片为矩形薄片，钻孔卡片上具有多个卡片孔。
所述密码块包括有矩形基座、滑块和锁销，基座的底部具有矩形滑块槽，滑块槽的开口由盖板封盖使成为滑块栅，较短的滑块置于滑块栅内并可沿滑块栅前后滑动，滑块栅内前部两侧分别放置有滑块弹簧，滑块弹簧的两端分别抵接于基座和滑块使滑块的后端常抵接于基座的滑块栅边，基座的后端开有连通滑块栅的卡片插口、前端中部横向开有连通滑块栅的锁销口，并放置锁销，锁销的底端具有斜扩大卡头，锁销内具有空腔并内置有锁销弹簧，锁销弹簧的两端分别抵接于锁销和盖板使锁销的斜扩大卡头常抵接于基座的滑块栅边。
滑块的前端具有锁销驱动头，所述锁销驱动头分两块设置于滑块的近中部两侧，滑块弹簧位于锁销驱动头的外侧，两块锁销驱动头的间距稍大于锁销的直径，锁销驱动头具有斜面，当滑块被推动向前滑动时，锁销驱动头从锁销旁穿过并通过其斜面抵压锁销的斜扩大 卡头使锁销克服锁销弹簧的弹力、锁销向滑块栅内移动，同时滑块弹簧收缩。
滑块的近盖板侧具有卡片槽，卡片槽的宽度与钻孔卡片相当，钻孔卡片可从卡片插口直插入到卡片槽尽头。
基座对应滑块栅位置设有基座弹子孔，基座弹子孔内放置有B弹子和弹子弹簧；滑块对应卡片槽位置设有若干滑块弹子孔，滑块弹子孔内放置有A弹子或C弹子，A弹子和C弹子于靠盖板端并具有圆弧凸面，常态下，基座弹子孔和滑块弹子孔位置一一对应。
所述A弹子为普通弹子：A弹子的长度等于滑块的厚度与钻孔卡片的厚度之差、常态下其上端面位于滑块弹子孔内，此时位于基座弹子孔内的B弹子部分进入滑块弹子孔内使滑块处于锁状态，当钻孔卡片插入到卡片槽内时，钻孔卡片驱动A弹子从滑块弹子孔内移动使A弹子的上端面与滑块面平齐使滑块处于开状态，当钻孔卡片的卡片孔对应位于该块弹子孔位置时，A弹子回复常态。
所述C弹子为密码弹子：C弹子的长度等于滑块的厚度、常态下其上端面与滑块面平齐使滑块处于开状态，当钻孔卡片插入到卡片槽内时，钻孔卡片驱动C弹子从滑块弹子孔内移动使C弹子的上端面超出滑块弹子孔部分进入到基座弹子孔内使滑块处于锁状态，当钻孔卡片的卡片孔对应位于该滑块弹子孔位置时，C弹子回复常态。
当将钻孔卡片插入到卡片槽的尽头，钻孔卡片的全部卡片孔与C弹子的位置一一对应，且没有1个卡片孔与A弹子的位置对应时，滑块处于开锁状态，这时滑块可以被向前推、使锁销收回基座内。
一种锁芯装置，包括有锁芯和密码块，所述锁芯具有同轴连体的后部圆柱体和前部圆柱体，前部圆柱体的直径小于后部圆柱体，锁芯的前端部开有驱动杆槽、槽边开有插销孔。
锁芯内开有矩形密码块槽，密码块槽贯穿后部圆柱体并有部分位于前部圆柱体内，密码块槽的宽度大于前部圆柱体的直径，前部圆柱体内还具有与密码块槽连通的弹簧槽，弹簧置于弹簧槽内。
一密码块置于密码块槽内，密码块槽的横断面与密码块相当，所述密码块为上述的密码开关装置中的密码块。
锁芯对应于密码块的锁销横向开有锁销卡口和锁销卡槽、前部圆柱体近锁销卡口处环设有锁芯卡槽。
上锁状态，密码块的全部位于锁芯的密码块槽内、密码块的前端有部分位于前部圆柱体外，锁销的上端进入锁芯的锁销卡口，锁芯弹簧的两端抵接于锁芯和密码块端。
开锁状态，通过钻孔卡片与密码块的匹配，密码块在锁芯弹簧的作用下向后移动， 密码块的前端位于锁芯的后部圆柱体内、后端位于锁芯外，锁销的上端进入锁销卡槽。
本发明具有如下突出的实质性特点和显著进步。
1.本发明的密码开关装置保密性强，只要密码块内设置的弹子有10组以上，通过安排密码弹子的不同数量和位置，便可设计出不同密码的密码块，而这些密码块的密码重复的几率极小，用这种密码块制造的锁具，非法开锁的可能性可大大减少。
2.本发明的锁芯装置，结构简单，卡片式钥匙，方便携带，换锁不需要更换锁芯，只更换密码开关装置便可，而且更换密码开关装置无需专用工具，操作十分容易。
附图说明
图1为本发明的密码开关装置(上锁状态)结构示意图。
图2为图1的俯视图。
图3为本发明的密码开关装置(开锁状态)结构示意图。
图4为图3的俯视图。
图5为本发明的锁芯装置(上锁状态)结构示意图。
图6为图5中的A—A面剖视图。
图7为图5的俯视图。
图8为图5的锁芯装置(开锁状态)示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步说明。
实施例1
参考图1至图4，一种用于锁具的密码开关装置，由密码块1和钻孔卡片4组成，所述钻孔卡片4为矩形薄片，钻孔卡片4上具有多个卡片孔40。
所述密码块1包括有矩形基座11、滑块2和锁销3，基座11的底部具有矩形滑块槽，滑块槽的开口由盖板12封盖使成为滑块栅110，较短的滑块2置于滑块栅110内并可沿滑块栅110前后滑动，滑块栅110内前部两侧分别放置有滑块弹簧22，滑块弹簧22的两端分别抵接于基座11和滑块2使滑块2的后端常抵接于基座11的滑块栅110边，基座11的后端开有连通滑块栅110的卡片插口100、前端中部横向开有连通滑块栅110的锁销口并放置锁销3，锁销3的底端具有斜扩大卡头32，锁销3内具有空腔并内置有锁销弹簧31，锁销弹簧31的两端分别抵接于锁销3和盖板12使锁销3的斜扩大卡头32常抵接于基座11的滑块栅110边。
滑块2的前端具有锁销驱动头23，所述锁销驱动头23分两块设置于滑块2的近中部 两侧，滑块弹簧22位于锁销驱动头23的外侧，两块锁销驱动头23的间距L稍大于锁销3的直径，锁销驱动头23具有斜面，当滑块2被推动向前滑动时，锁销驱动头23从锁销3旁穿过并通过其斜面抵压锁销3的斜扩大卡头32使锁销3克服锁销弹簧31的弹力、锁销3向滑块栅110内移动，同时滑块弹簧22收缩。
滑块2的近盖板12侧具有卡片槽21，卡片槽21的宽度与钻孔卡片4相当，钻孔卡片4可从卡片插口100直插入到卡片槽21尽头。
基座11对应滑块栅110位置设有基座弹子孔10，基座弹子孔10内放置有B弹子14和弹子弹簧15；滑块2对应卡片槽21位置设有若干滑块弹子孔20，滑块弹子孔20内放置有A弹子13或C弹子16，A弹子13、C弹子16和B弹子14的截面为圆形，A弹子13和C弹子16于靠盖板12端具有圆弧凸面；常态下，基座弹子孔10和滑块弹子孔20位置一一对应。
所述A弹子13为普通弹子：A弹子13的长度等于滑块2的厚度与钻孔卡片4的厚度之差、常态下其上端面位于滑块弹子孔20内，此时位于基座弹子孔10内的B弹子14部分进入滑块弹子孔20内使滑块2处于锁状态，当钻孔卡片4插入到卡片槽21内时，钻孔卡片4驱动A弹子13从滑块弹子孔20内移动使A弹子13的上端面与滑块2面平齐使滑块2处于开状态，当钻孔卡片4的卡片孔40对应位于该位于滑块弹子孔20位置时，A弹子13回复常态；
所述C弹子16为密码弹子：C弹子16的长度等于滑块2的厚度、常态下其上端面与滑块2面平齐使滑块2处于开状态，当钻孔卡片4插入到卡片槽21内时，钻孔卡片4驱动C弹子16从滑块弹子孔20内移动使C弹子16的上端面超出滑块弹子孔20部分进入到基座弹子孔10内使滑块2处于锁状态，当钻孔卡片4的卡片孔40对应位于该滑块弹子孔20位置时，C弹子16回复常态。
当将钻孔卡片4插入到卡片槽21的尽头，钻孔卡片4的全部卡片孔40与C弹子16的位置一一对应、且没有1个卡片孔40与A弹子13的位置对应时，滑块2处于开锁状态，这时滑块2可以被向前推、使锁销3收回基座11内。
由此可见，设计钻孔卡片4的卡片孔40的数量和位置及配合滑块2中放置的C弹子16的数量和位置便可改变为不同的密码开关装置。
实施例2
参考图5至图8，一种锁芯装置，包括有锁芯5和密码块1，所述锁芯5具有同轴连体的后部圆柱体和前部圆柱体，前部圆柱体的直径小于后部圆柱体，锁芯5的前端部开有驱动杆槽 52、槽边开有插销孔53。
锁芯5内开有矩形密码块槽50，密码块槽50贯穿后部圆柱体并有部分位于前部圆柱体内，密码块槽50的宽度大于前部圆柱体的直径；前部圆柱体内还具有与密码块槽50连通的弹簧槽，弹簧51置于弹簧槽内。
一密码块1置于密码块槽50内，密码块槽50的横断面与密码块1相当，所述密码块1为实施例1所述的密码开关装置中的密码块。
锁芯5对应于密码块1的锁销3横向开有锁销卡口502和锁销卡槽501、前部圆柱体近锁销卡口502处环设有锁芯卡槽503。
上锁状态，密码块1的全部位于锁芯5的密码块槽50内、密码块1的前端有部分位于前部圆柱体外(见图7)，锁销3的上端进入锁芯5的锁销卡口502，锁芯弹簧51的两端抵接于锁芯5和密码块1端(见图5)。
开锁状态，通过钻孔卡片4与密码块1的匹配，密码块1在锁芯弹簧51的作用下向后移动，密码块1的前端位于锁芯5的后部圆柱体内、后端位于锁芯5外，锁销3的上端进入锁销卡槽(501)。
由开锁状态(图8)变为上锁状态(图5)，直接将密码块1向前推进即可。
更换密码块，在图8的开锁状态下，用手捏紧密码块1，通过钻孔卡片4与密码块1的匹配，向前推进密码块1中的滑块，使锁销3的上端收回到密码块1内，这时就可向外取出密码块1，如同样方法插入新的密码块后取出新的钻孔卡片(如图5)。

Claims (2)

  1. 一种用于锁具的密码开关装置，由密码块(1)和钻孔卡片(4)组成，其特征在于：
    所述钻孔卡片(4)为矩形薄片，钻孔卡片(4)上具有多个卡片孔(40)；
    所述密码块(1)包括有矩形基座(11)、滑块(2)和锁销(3)，基座(11)的底部具有矩形滑块槽，滑块槽的开口由盖板(12)封盖使成为滑块栅(110)，较短的滑块(2)置于滑块栅(110)内并可沿滑块栅(110)前后滑动，滑块栅(110)内前部两侧分别放置有滑块弹簧(22)，滑块弹簧(22)的两端分别抵接于基座(11)和滑块(2)使滑块(2)的后端常抵接于基座(11)的滑块栅(110)边，基座(11)的后端开有连通滑块栅(110)的卡片插口(100)、前端中部横向开有连通滑块栅(110)的锁销口，并放置锁销(3)，锁销(3)的底端具有斜扩大卡头(32)，锁销(3)内具有空腔并内置有锁销弹簧(31)，锁销弹簧(31)的两端分别抵接于锁销(3)和盖板(12)使锁销(3)的斜扩大卡头(32)常抵接于基座的滑块栅(110)边；
    滑块(2)的前端具有锁销驱动头(23)，所述锁销驱动头(23)分两块设置于滑块(2)的近中部两侧，滑块弹簧(22)位于锁销驱动头(23)的外侧，两块锁销驱动头(23)的间距(L)稍大于锁销(3)的直径，锁销驱动头(23)具有斜面，当滑块(2)被推动向前滑动时，锁销驱动头(23)从锁销(3)旁穿过并通过其斜面抵压锁销(3)的斜扩大卡头(32)使锁销(3)克服锁销弹簧(31)的弹力、锁销(3)向滑块栅(110)内移动，同时滑块弹簧(22)收缩；
    滑块(2)的近盖板(12)侧具有卡片槽(21)，卡片槽(21)的宽度与钻孔卡片(4)相当，钻孔卡片(4)可从卡片插口(100)直插入到卡片槽(21)尽头；
    基座(11)对应滑块栅(110)位置设有基座弹子孔(10)，基座弹子孔(10)内放置有B弹子(14)和弹子弹簧(15)；滑块(2)对应卡片槽(21)位置设有若干滑块弹子孔(20)，滑块弹子孔(20)内放置有A弹子(13)或C弹子(16)，A弹子(13)和C弹子(16)于靠盖板(12)端并具有圆弧凸面；常态下，基座弹子孔(10)和滑块弹子孔(20)位置一一对应；
    所述A弹子(13)为普通弹子：A弹子(13)的长度等于滑块(2)的厚度与钻孔卡片(4)的厚度之差、常态下其上端面位于滑块弹子孔(20)内，此时位于基座弹子孔(10)内的B弹子(14)部分进入滑块弹子孔(20)内使滑块(2)处于锁状态，当钻孔卡片(4)插入到卡片槽(21)内时，钻孔卡片(4)驱动A弹子(13)从滑块弹子孔(20)内移动使A弹子(13)的上端面与滑块(2)面平齐使滑块(2)处于开状态，当钻孔卡片(4)的卡片孔(40)对应位于该块弹子孔(20)位置时，A弹子(13)回复常态；
    所述C弹子(16)为密码弹子：C弹子(16)的长度等于滑块(2)的厚度、常态下其上端面与滑块(2)面平齐使滑块(2)处于开状态，当钻孔卡片(4)插入到卡片槽(21)内时，钻孔卡片(4)驱动C弹子(16)从滑块弹子孔(20)内移动使C弹子(16)的上端面超出滑块弹子孔(20)部分进入到基座弹子孔(10)内使滑块(2)处于锁状态，当钻孔卡片(4)的卡片孔(40)对应位于该滑块弹子孔(20)位置时，C弹子(16)回复常态；
    当将钻孔卡片(4)插入到卡片槽(21)的尽头，钻孔卡片(4)的全部卡片孔(40)与C弹子(16)的位置一一对应、且没有1个卡片孔(40)与A弹子(13)的位置对应时，滑块(2)处于开锁状态，这时滑块(2)可以被向前推、使锁销(3)收回基座(11)内。
  2. 一种锁芯装置，包括有锁芯(5)和密码块(1)，所述锁芯(5)具有同轴连体的后部圆柱体和前部圆柱体，前部圆柱体的直径小于后部圆柱体，其特征在于：锁芯(5)的前端部开有驱动杆槽(52)、槽边开有插销孔(53)；
    锁芯(5)内开有矩形密码块槽(50)，密码块槽(50)贯穿后部圆柱体并有部分位于前部圆柱体内，密码块槽(50)的宽度大于前部圆柱体的直径；前部圆柱体内还具有与密码块槽(50)连通的弹簧槽，弹簧(51)置于弹簧槽内；
    一密码块(1)置于密码块槽(50)内，密码块槽(50)的横断面与密码块(1)相当，所述密码块(1)为权利要求1所述的密码开关装置中的密码块；
    锁芯(5)对应于密码块的锁销(3)横向开有锁销卡口(502)和锁销卡槽(501)、前部圆柱体近锁销卡口(502)处环设有锁芯卡槽(503)；
    上锁状态，密码块(1)的全部位于锁芯(5)的密码块槽(50)内、密码块(1)的前端有部分位于前部圆柱体外，锁销(3)的上端进入锁芯(5)的锁销卡口(502)，锁芯弹簧(51)的两端抵接于锁芯(5)和密码块(1)端；
    开锁状态，通过钻孔卡片(4)与密码块(1)的匹配，密码块(1)在锁芯弹簧(51)的作用下向后移动，密码块(1)的前端位于锁芯(5)的后部圆柱体内、后端位于锁芯(5)外，锁销(3)的上端进入锁销卡槽(501)。
PCT/CN2019/100115 2018-09-28 2019-08-10 一种用于锁具的密码开关装置和锁芯装置 WO2020063140A1 (zh)

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