WO2020057059A1 - 一种薄型受话器 - Google Patents

一种薄型受话器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020057059A1
WO2020057059A1 PCT/CN2019/076442 CN2019076442W WO2020057059A1 WO 2020057059 A1 WO2020057059 A1 WO 2020057059A1 CN 2019076442 W CN2019076442 W CN 2019076442W WO 2020057059 A1 WO2020057059 A1 WO 2020057059A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
frame
coil
diaphragm
fixed
mounting portion
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/076442
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
吴逸谦
陈晓明
Original Assignee
苏州逸巛声学科技有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 苏州逸巛声学科技有限公司 filed Critical 苏州逸巛声学科技有限公司
Priority to US16/632,293 priority Critical patent/US11070901B2/en
Priority to JP2020501388A priority patent/JP6990468B2/ja
Priority to DK19824227.3T priority patent/DK3648472T3/da
Priority to EP19824227.3A priority patent/EP3648472B1/en
Publication of WO2020057059A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020057059A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/10—Earpieces; Attachments therefor ; Earphones; Monophonic headphones
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/22—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only 
    • H04R1/28—Transducer mountings or enclosures modified by provision of mechanical or acoustic impedances, e.g. resonator, damping means
    • H04R1/2807—Enclosures comprising vibrating or resonating arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R11/00—Transducers of moving-armature or moving-core type
    • H04R11/02—Loudspeakers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R7/00—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones
    • H04R7/02—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones characterised by the construction
    • H04R7/04—Plane diaphragms
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2499/00—Aspects covered by H04R or H04S not otherwise provided for in their subgroups
    • H04R2499/10—General applications
    • H04R2499/11—Transducers incorporated or for use in hand-held devices, e.g. mobile phones, PDA's, camera's

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of acoustic technology, and in particular, to a thin receiver.
  • the receiver is an electroacoustic device that converts audio electrical signals into electrical sound signals without sound leakage. It is widely used in communication terminal equipment such as mobile phones, fixed telephones, and headsets to realize audio output.
  • the receiver disclosed in Chinese patent document CN103067808B includes a lower case and an upper case that are opposite to each other and fastened, and the upper case further includes a first case, a third case, and a second case that are sequentially connected; E A reed in the shape of a coil, which is sleeved on the root of the middle arm of the E-shaped reed. The middle arm extends out of the floating end of the coil as a vibrating part.
  • the area between the coil and the second shell also includes The first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet fixed on the first and lower cases; and one end is fixed on the third case, and the other end is spread forward on the vibrating part of the E-shaped reed and fixed on the first A film on a case, but not spread on the coiled part of the reed; using the film as a boundary, the closed cavity in the case is divided into a third case, a film, and a first case. A sounding cavity, an installation cavity enclosed between the lower case, the second case, and the film.
  • the film of this structure covers the vibrating part only, after energizing the coil, the electromagnetic field generated by the coil interacts with the fixed magnetic field of the two permanent magnets, so that the vibrating part vibrates together with the film to drive the sound cavity.
  • the air vibrates inside. It can be seen that only the vibrating part of the thin film of the receiver participates in sound emission, and the part of the non-laminated film on the reed does not participate in sound emission.
  • the effective area of the reed to participate in sound is low, resulting in low frequency response of the receiver and affecting the sound performance of the receiver .
  • the third casing is provided, the structure of the receiver becomes complicated and the manufacturing process is more difficult.
  • the technical problem to be solved in the present application is the thin receiver in the prior art.
  • the part of the reed participating in sound generation is small, resulting in a defect of low frequency response of the sound output by the receiver.
  • the present application provides a thin receiver, including
  • the diaphragm assembly has a frame-shaped frame which is sealed and fixed on the casing, and a part of the frame-shaped frame and an inner wall surface of the casing define an installation area; the frame-shaped frame is fixed on the frame-shaped frame and has one end A diaphragm suspended in the inner cavity of the frame, and sealingly covering all first gaps between the diaphragm and the frame; at least a part of the diaphragm is made of a soft magnetic material;
  • the coil is hermetically fixed in the installation area and hermetically sleeved on the frame. With the diaphragm assembly as a boundary, the installation cavity is divided into a first cavity and a second cavity that are side by side and disconnected. body.
  • the fixed end of the diaphragm on the frame-shaped frame projects into the inner hole of the coil.
  • the diaphragm includes a first part fixed on the frame and protruding into an inner hole of the coil, and a shape formed on the first part and located outside the coil. And dangling second part;
  • a width of the second portion is larger than a width of the first portion in a radial direction of the coil.
  • the thickness of the second portion is not equal to the thickness of the first portion.
  • the second portion is provided with an adjustment hole in the same direction as the extension direction of the first gap.
  • the frame-shaped frame includes
  • a first mounting portion sealingly fixed in an inner hole of the coil and forming the mounting area between the coil and the housing, and a second mounting portion located outside the coil and fixed on the first mounting portion, A width of the second mounting portion is larger than a width of the first mounting portion in a radial direction of the coil;
  • An end of the coil facing the second mounting portion is sealed and fixed on the second mounting portion, and the coil and the housing are sealed and fixed.
  • the frame-shaped frame further includes a first extension portion bent on at least one end portion of the second mounting portion toward the second cavity, and the first extension portion Sealed with the inner hole wall of the coil.
  • the frame-shaped frame further includes at least two supports formed on an end of the second mounting portion for fixing the first mounting portion and located on both sides of the first mounting portion. unit;
  • the support portion is fixed on the housing and forms the mounting area between the support portion and the first mounting portion, and an outer wall surface of the coil is fixed on the support portion.
  • the coil is fixed to the second mounting portion, the first mounting portion, and the casing by a sealant.
  • the diaphragm includes a diaphragm body formed at one end on the frame-shaped frame and the other end suspended in the cavity of the frame-shaped frame; and fixed to the diaphragm body, the The reed is made of soft magnetic material and extends at least from the inner hole of the coil along the extension direction of the first gap on the diaphragm body, and the diaphragm body is fixed to the diaphragm body and the frame On the shelf.
  • the shell includes a first shell and a second shell whose openings are fastened to each other;
  • the frame-shaped frame is clamped and fixed between the openings of the first casing and the second casing.
  • At least one reinforcing rib is provided on one surface of the diaphragm; and / or
  • the sealing film is spread and fixed on the frame-shaped frame and the diaphragm.
  • At least one positioning portion is provided on the inner hole wall of the coil, and the coil is sleeved on the frame through the positioning portion.
  • the positioning portion is a groove recessed into the inner hole wall of the coil from the outside to the inside; the side wall end of the frame-shaped frame is embedded in the recess adjacent to it. Inside the slot.
  • the longitudinal cross-sectional shape of the groove is U-shaped or V-shaped; or
  • the longitudinal cross-sectional shape of the groove includes a U-shape and an inverted trapezoid that is fixed at the U-shaped opening by splicing, and the notch of the groove is formed at the long side of the inverted trapezoid.
  • the two positioning portions are symmetrically disposed on the inner hole wall of the coil.
  • the thin receiver provided in this application includes a housing, a diaphragm assembly, and a coil.
  • the diaphragm assembly includes a frame-shaped frame, a diaphragm, and a sealing film. Since a mounting area is formed between a part of the side wall of the frame-shaped frame and the inner wall surface of the housing, the coil is sealed and fixed on the mounting area and is sealed and sleeved outside the frame-shaped frame.
  • the sealing film seals all first gaps between the frame-shaped frame and the diaphragm, thereby dividing the installation cavity of the housing into two side-by-side and non-connected cavities with the diaphragm assembly as a boundary.
  • the electromagnetic field generated by the coil interacts with the fixed magnetic field of the two permanent magnets of the receiver. Due to the sealed connection between the inner hole of the coil and the frame, the coil is hermetically connected in the installation area, and the sealing film connects the frame. All the first gaps between the frame and the diaphragm are sealed, and the portion of the diaphragm located in the inner hole of the coil can also generate vibration, so that the entire diaphragm can participate in the vibration as a whole to drive the air in the first cavity or the second cavity.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view (left-right direction) of a receiver provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application; FIG.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of the receiver in FIG. 1 (front-rear direction);
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a diaphragm assembly in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 4 is a partial schematic diagram of the receiver in FIG. 1 after the first casing and the first permanent magnet are removed;
  • FIG. 5 is another schematic structural diagram of a diaphragm assembly of the receiver in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic top view of the first type of receiver provided in Embodiment 2 of the present application after removing the first housing, the first permanent magnet, and the support portion;
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view (left-right direction) of the receiver in FIG. 6 along the longitudinal section at the position of the coil;
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic top view of a second type of receiver provided in Embodiment 2 of the present application after removing the first housing, the first permanent magnet, and the support portion;
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view (left-right direction) of the receiver in FIG. 8 along the longitudinal section at the position of the coil;
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of a third type of receiver provided in Embodiment 2 of the present application.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of a receiver provided in Embodiment 3 of the present application.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of a receiver provided in Embodiment 4 of the present application.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic plan view of a first receiver provided with a first housing, a first permanent magnet, and a support portion provided in Embodiment 5 of the present application;
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic cross-sectional view (left-right direction) of the receiver in FIG. 13 along the longitudinal section at the position of the coil;
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic top view of a second receiver provided in Embodiment 5 of the present application after removing the first housing, the first permanent magnet, and the support portion; FIG.
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic cross-sectional view (left-right direction) of the receiver in FIG. 15 along a longitudinal section at the position of the coil;
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of a diaphragm assembly of a receiver in Embodiment 6 of the present application.
  • FIG. 18 is a first schematic structural diagram of a coil of a receiver provided in Embodiment 8 of the present application.
  • FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram of a second structure of a coil of a receiver provided in Embodiment 8.
  • FIG. 20 is a third schematic structural diagram of a coil of a receiver provided in Embodiment 8.
  • 21-frame-shaped frame 21-frame-shaped frame; 211-first mounting portion; 212-second mounting portion; 213-first extension portion; 214-support portion; 215-second extension portion; 22-diaphragm; 221-fixed end; 222 -Floating end; 223- diaphragm body; 224- reed; 225- adjustment hole; 226- stiffener; 23- sealing film; 24- first gap;
  • This embodiment provides a thin receiver, as shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 4, including a housing 1, a diaphragm assembly, a coil 3, and two permanent magnets.
  • the casing 1 includes a first casing 11 and a second casing 12 each having an opening.
  • a bottom opening of the first casing 11 and an opening on the top of the second casing 12 are opposite and fastened to surround the enclosure or Closed mounting cavity.
  • both the first casing 11 and the second casing 12 are made of a highly magnetically permeable material, such as a highly permeable magnet nickel alloy material.
  • the diaphragm assembly includes a frame-shaped frame 21, a diaphragm 22 and a sealing film 23.
  • the frame-shaped frame 21 is sandwiched between the first casing 11 and the second casing 12. Between the openings, for example, the bottom opening of the first casing 11, the top opening of the frame 21 and the second opening of the second casing 12 are sealed and connected by laser welding.
  • a mounting area is enclosed between a part of the side wall of the frame-shaped frame 21 and the inner wall surface of the casing 1.
  • the mounting area is annular.
  • the frame 21 includes a first mounting portion 211 and a second mounting portion 212 fixed on the first mounting portion 211.
  • the second mounting portion 212 is mounted along the radial direction of the coil 3 (to be described later).
  • the width of the portion 212 is greater than the width of the first mounting portion 211.
  • the frame 21 is in a "T" shape, so that a mounting area is formed between the side wall of the first mounting portion 211 and the inner wall surface of the housing 1,
  • the portion 212 is integrally fixed between the openings of the first casing 11 and the second casing 12, and the end of the first mounting portion 211 remote from the second mounting portion 212 is fixed to the openings of the first casing 11 and the second casing 12. between.
  • the right end of the first mounting portion 211 is sealed and fixed between the openings of the first casing 11 and the second casing 12, and the left end and the front and rear ends of the second mounting portion 212 are fixed to the first casing. 11 and the opening of the second casing 12.
  • the diaphragm 22 is made of a soft magnetic material. As shown in FIG. 3, one end of the diaphragm 22 is formed on the inner wall surface of the first portion 211 of the frame 21, and the other end extends toward the second mounting portion 212 and is suspended in a frame shape. In the inner cavity of the frame 21, a first gap 24 is formed between an outer side wall of the diaphragm 22 and an inner wall surface of the frame-shaped frame 21.
  • the diaphragm 22 also includes a first portion fixed on the first mounting portion 211 of the frame-shaped frame 21 and protruding into the inner hole of the coil 3, and formed on the first portion and located outside the coil 3 A second portion that is suspended; along the radial direction of the coil 3, the width of the second portion is greater than the width of the first portion, forming a "T" shape.
  • the frame 21 further includes two support portions 214 formed on an end portion of the second mounting portion 212 for fixing the first mounting portion 211.
  • the two support portions 214 are located on the first mounting portion 211. Both sides, and the other ends of the two supporting portions 214 are bent and fixed on the two side walls of the first mounting portion 211 respectively, so that the two supporting portions 214 surround the first mounting portion 211, such as the lateral cross section of the supporting portion 214 It is formed in an L-shape; the support portion 214 is fixed on the housing 1 and defines a mounting area with the first mounting portion 211, and the outer wall surface of the coil 3 is fixed on the support portion 214.
  • a support portion 214 is provided on the second mounting portion 212 so that the frame-shaped frame is "rectangular" as a whole, and a mounting area is defined between the support portion 214 and the first mounting portion 211.
  • the sealing film 23 is fixed on the top surfaces of the frame 21 and the diaphragm 22 and covers all the first gaps 24.
  • the sealing film 23 can be spread on the entire frame and the diaphragm, or it can be fixed only on the positions of the frame and the diaphragm on both sides of the first gap.
  • the sealing film 23 can be made of a polymer material, such as a polymer material It is a material such as PET or PEE.
  • the sealing film 23 is adhered to the frame 21 and the film sheet 22 with glue.
  • the coil 3 is hermetically installed in the installation area and is sleeved outside the first mounting portion 211 of the frame 21.
  • the end of the coil 3 facing the second mounting portion 212 is hermetically fixed to the second mounting portion.
  • the end facing the housing 1 is sealed and fixed on the housing 1
  • the outer peripheral wall surface of the coil 3 is sealed and fixed on the inner wall surface of the housing 1
  • the inner hole wall surface of the coil 3 and the side wall of the first mounting portion 211 are sealed and fixed.
  • a vibration gap is reserved between the diaphragm 22 and the inner hole of the coil 3.
  • the sealant is used to seal and fix the coil 3 with the casing 1, the second mounting portion 212, and the first mounting portion 211, so that the diaphragm assembly is used as a boundary to divide the mounting cavity of the casing 1 into side by side and not connected
  • the first cavity 13 and the second cavity 14 for example, the inner cavity of the first casing 11 is the first cavity 13, and the inner cavity of the second casing 12 is the second cavity 14.
  • no sound hole is provided on the first housing 11 and a sound hole is provided on the second housing, and the sound holes need only be provided on the wall surface of the housing where the first cavity or the second cavity is located.
  • the closed installation cavity of the housing 1 also refers to a closed installation cavity.
  • the closed installation cavity does not mean an absolute isolation from the outside world, but to form a seal
  • the first cavity and the second cavity are separated, but the sound outlet is in communication with the outside world.
  • the coil 3 is provided with a positive electrode lead and a negative electrode lead, and the positive electrode lead and the negative electrode cathode are connected to a pad provided outside the casing 1 through the casing 1.
  • the two permanent magnets are named first permanent magnet 41 and second permanent magnet 42, respectively.
  • the first permanent magnet 41 and the second permanent magnet 42 are fixed to the first housing 11 and the second permanent magnet, respectively.
  • the inner walls of the two casings 12 are opposite to each other.
  • the ends of the first permanent magnet 41 and the second permanent magnet 42 facing each other have opposite polarities.
  • the end of the first permanent magnet 41 facing the second permanent magnet 42 has an S polarity.
  • the polarity of the end of the second permanent magnet 42 facing the first permanent magnet 41 is N-pole.
  • the two permanent magnets avoid the position of the coil 3 and are located on both sides of the floating end 222 of the diaphragm 22.
  • the receiver of this embodiment spreads and fixes the frame-shaped frame 21 between the openings of the first casing 11 and the second casing 12, and the coil 3 is sealingly sleeved on the side wall of the first portion 211 of the frame-shaped frame 21.
  • the coil 3 When the coil 3 is forwardly energized, the coil 3 generates an electromagnetic field. Since the diaphragm 22 is made of a soft magnetic material, the electromagnetic field magnetizes the diaphragm 22, so that the diaphragm 22 is magnetic.
  • the floating end 222 of the diaphragm 22 is N pole
  • the S pole of the first permanent magnet 41 has an upward attraction to the diaphragm 22
  • the N pole of the second permanent magnet 42 has an upward repulsive force to the diaphragm 22, so that the diaphragm 22 does upward in the installation cavity.
  • Vibration is to drive the sealing film 23 to vibrate, and then to agitate the air in the first cavity 13 to make a sound; on the contrary, the coil 3 is reversely electrified, and the floating end 222 of the diaphragm 22 is magnetized with the polarity S, The S pole of the first permanent magnet 41 exerts a downward repulsive force on the diaphragm 22, and the N pole of the second permanent magnet 42 exerts a downward attraction on the diaphragm 22, so that the diaphragm 22 drives the sealing film 23 to vibrate downward
  • the air in the first cavity 13 vibrates downward with the diaphragm 22 to realize a process of reciprocating vibration and sound in the first cavity 13.
  • a diaphragm, an electromagnetic coil, and a permanent magnet constitute a core of the earphone to form an electromagnetic vibration system.
  • the main parameters of the vibration system are stiffness (force strength), mass, and force impedance.
  • the displacement of the diaphragm 22 must be constant.
  • the moving speed of the diaphragm 22 is V
  • the driving force is F
  • the force impedance is Z
  • the displacement of the diaphragm is ⁇
  • the angular frequency of the vibration is ⁇ .
  • the vibration system must be a force control system, that is, the impedance of the vibration system must be force and:
  • the driving force frequency f is far lower than the natural frequency f 0 of the vibration system, that is, f ⁇ f 0 , the elasticity of the vibration system plays a major role in the vibration system, and the vibration system is in the elastic control region.
  • the driving force frequency f is far greater than the natural frequency f 0 of the vibration system, that is, f> f 0 , the quality of the vibration system plays a major role in the vibration system, and the vibration system is in the quality control zone.
  • its resonance frequency is in accordance with the following relationship:
  • K is the stiffness of the vibration system
  • m is the mass of the moving parts of the vibration system.
  • the low-frequency response of the receiver largely determines its performance.
  • the amplitude of the vibration displacement of the vibrating part in the low frequency band is proportional to the force F, and follows Hooke's law:
  • the resonance frequency f 0 should be made as small as possible, that is, the stiffness of the diaphragm should be reduced as much as possible to improve the low frequency response. This condition can be achieved through a process of locally thinning the root of the diaphragm.
  • the thickness of the first portion of the diaphragm is smaller than the thickness of the second portion, reducing the fixing force between the diaphragm 22 and the first mounting portion 211 of the frame 21, increasing the elasticity of the diaphragm 22, and thereby improving the low frequency of the receiver. performance.
  • the low frequency performance of the receiver can also be improved by only partially thinning the root portion of the diaphragm 22 fixed to the frame 21.
  • the resonance frequency f 0 should be made as large as possible, that is, the stiffness of the diaphragm 22 should be increased as much as possible to improve the high frequency response to obtain a wider effective frequency band. And reduce the motion inertia of the diaphragm 22 as much as possible to improve the transient response. And this condition can be processed by a certain process on the non-magnetic action area (the floating end of the diaphragm) at the front of the diaphragm, to thin this part of the diaphragm or to embed an ultra-thin lightweight alloy sheet and press and strengthen it The way of rib 226 is realized.
  • the thickness of the second portion of the diaphragm 22 is smaller than the thickness of the first portion, so that the quality of the diaphragm 22 is reduced, and the high-frequency performance of the receiver is increased.
  • only the free end portion of the diaphragm 22 is thinned.
  • the effective area S of the diaphragm plays a key role in the sound pressure P generated by the vibration. And has the following relationship:
  • c is the speed of sound
  • P0 is the reference sound pressure
  • the sealing film 23 is spread on the entire diaphragm 22 during the entire vibration process, the diaphragm 22 located in the inner hole of the coil 3 is also vibrating, and this part of the diaphragm located in the inner hole of the coil is fully utilized.
  • the area makes the diaphragm 22 of the diaphragm assembly all participate in the sound generation process, and the effective vibration area of the diaphragm 22 is increased, so that the sound pressure index is maximized, the frequency response of the receiver is improved, and the sound performance of the receiver is improved.
  • the structure of the receiver is simple, and it is easy to manufacture and assemble.
  • the assembly process of the receiver is: the coil 3 and the first permanent magnet 41 are respectively fixed on the inner wall surface of the first housing 11 in advance; the second permanent magnet 42 is fixed on the first The inner wall surface of the second casing 12; one end of the frame 21 of the diaphragm assembly is fixed to the opening of the first casing 11 through the coil 3, and the other end is directly fixed to the opening of the first casing 11; A combination of a casing 11, a diaphragm assembly and a coil 3 may be fixed on the first casing 11 as a whole.
  • the diaphragm 22 is also provided with two parallel adjusting holes 225, such as long waist holes, each adjusting hole 225 extending from the coil 3 toward the permanent magnet; the setting of the adjusting hole 225, generated by the coil 3
  • the strength of the magnetic field distributed on the unit area of the diaphragm 22 by the electromagnetic field is enhanced, thereby enhancing the interaction between the diaphragm 22 and the fixed magnetic field of the two permanent magnets, and further increasing the frequency response of the receiver.
  • the adjustment hole 225 communicates with the first gap 24, thereby increasing the freedom of vibration of the diaphragm 22, and the diaphragm 22 is more likely to vibrate under the same electromagnetic driving force.
  • the casing 1 and the diaphragm 22 of this embodiment are made of a high-permeability nickel alloy material, so that a first magnetic circuit is formed between the first permanent magnet 41 and the first case 11 and the diaphragm 22, and the second permanent magnet 42 and A second magnetic circuit is formed between the second casing 12 and the diaphragm 22.
  • the casing 1 and the diaphragm assembly are fixed by laser welding technology, so that the first magnetic circuit and the second magnetic circuit are fixed.
  • the magnetic circuit forms an ideal circuit, and the electromagnetic performance is better exerted.
  • the coil and the two permanent magnets are arranged side by side, so that the thickness of the receiver is determined only by the thickness of the coil, so that different thickness receivers can be prepared according to requirements.
  • the diaphragm assembly may also be fixed on the inner wall surface of the first casing 11 or the inner wall surface of the second casing 12.
  • a reinforcing rib can also be formed on the diaphragm 22, for example, a reinforcing rib 226 is formed on the top or bottom surface of the diaphragm 22 to increase the rigidity of the diaphragm 22 , To further increase the frequency response of the receiver.
  • the frame-shaped frame 21 may not be provided with a supporting portion 214, and one of the open ends of the first casing 11 and the second casing 12 at a position corresponding to the first mounting portion.
  • the bottom opening of the first casing 11 and the top opening of the second casing 12 are flush and fixed; or the frame 21 itself is rectangular.
  • the first casing Part of the 11 and the second housing 12 at the position where the coil is installed is projected outward.
  • This embodiment provides a thin receiver, which is different from the receiver provided in Embodiment 1 in that:
  • the diaphragm 22 includes a diaphragm body 223 and a reed 224.
  • One end of the diaphragm body 223 is formed on the frame 21, and the other end is suspended in the inner cavity of the frame 21.
  • a first gap 24 is formed between the sheet body 223 and the frame 21.
  • the membrane body 223 is made of a non-magnetic material, such as a highly elastic light material, such as aluminum-magnesium alloy, aluminum alloy, and the like, and the reed 224 is made of Made of soft magnetic material; the sealing film 23 is fixed on the diaphragm body 223 and the frame 21 to cover all the first gaps 24.
  • the diaphragm body 223 also includes a first portion and a second portion of the diaphragm similar to those in Embodiment 1.
  • the sealing film is fixed on the frame, the diaphragm body and the reed.
  • the top surface of the diaphragm body 223 is provided with a mounting hole or a mounting groove, and the spring leaf 224 is embedded in the mounting hole or the mounting groove; or as shown in FIG. 8 and FIG. 9.
  • the reed 224 is directly fixed on the top surface of the diaphragm body 223.
  • the two reeds 224 are respectively fixed on the top surface and the bottom surface of the diaphragm body 223.
  • the electromagnetic field on the reed 224 is enhanced Interaction with two permanent magnets.
  • the sealing film 23 can also cover the reed 224, or the sealing film 23 can be fixed on the reed 224 and the frame 21 to seal the first gap 24.
  • This embodiment provides a thin receiver, which is different from the receiver in Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2 in that:
  • the side wall of the frame frame 21 connected to the inner wall surface of the coil 3 is provided with a second cavity.
  • the installation cavity of the housing 1 is divided into a first cavity 13 and a second cavity 14 side by side, and the entire diaphragm 22 can vibrate to participate in the entire sounding process, further ensuring that the frequency response of the receiver is obtained. improve.
  • the first extension portion 213 may also be provided with only one, or a larger number, such as three, four, five, etc., to strengthen the connection between the first mounting portion 211 of the frame 21 and the coil 3 Firmness.
  • This embodiment provides a thin receiver, which is different from the receiver in Embodiment 3 in that, based on the technical solution of Embodiment 3, as shown in FIG. 12, a direction is also provided at the bottom of the support portion 214.
  • the two second extensions 215 bent by the second cavity 14, and the inner surfaces of the two second extensions 215 are respectively fixed on both sides of the outer periphery of the coil 3.
  • the inner hole wall of the coil 3 is fixed to the first extension portion 213, and the outer wall surface of the coil 3 is fixed to the second extension portion 215, which further strengthens the fixation of the coil 3 and the frame 21 and increases the firmness.
  • This embodiment provides a thin receiver, which is different from the receiver provided in Embodiment 2 in that:
  • the diaphragm body 223 includes only the second part.
  • One end of the spring leaf 224 is fixed on the diaphragm body 223 and the other end is fixed on the first mounting portion 211 of the frame 21, that is, One end of the diaphragm body 223 is fixed on the frame 21 by a spring 224 fixed on the diaphragm body 223.
  • the reed 224 is fixed on the top surface of the diaphragm body 223, and the above-mentioned vibration sounding process can also be realized.
  • the reed 224 is two pieces, and one end of the two reeds 224 is respectively fixed on the top surface and the bottom surface of the diaphragm body 223, and the two reeds 224 extend into the coil. Both ends are fixed on the first mounting portion of the frame-shaped frame, which can also realize the above-mentioned vibration and sound generation process.
  • This embodiment provides a thin receiver, which is different from the receiver provided in Embodiment 1 in that:
  • the supporting portion 214 of the frame-shaped frame 21 is different from the supporting portion 214 of the frame-shaped frame 21 in Embodiment 1 (as shown in FIG. 5).
  • the two supporting portions 214 in this embodiment are parallel to the first A mounting portion is located on both sides of the first mounting portion, but the support portion 214 is not fixed to the first mounting portion 211 and does not surround the first mounting portion 211.
  • the support portion 214 is also fixed to the housing 1, such as being clamped It can be fixed between the bottom opening of the first casing 11 and the top opening of the second casing 12, and the frame-shaped frame 21 can be fixed on the casing more smoothly, which facilitates the installation of the receiver.
  • This embodiment provides a thin receiver, which is different from the receiver provided in any one of Embodiments 1 to 6 in that:
  • the sealing film 23 may not be fixed on the diaphragm 22, but may be spread and fixed on the entire frame 21, and still be able to seal and cover all the first gaps 24 between the frame 21 and the diaphragm 22; or, It can be directly fixed on the inner surface of the housing 1 and the inner hole of the coil 3, and not fixed on the frame 21, and can still cover all the first gaps 24 between the frame 21 and the diaphragm 22 in a sealed manner. It can make the part of the diaphragm 22 protruding into the inner hole of the coil vibrate and sound, increase the effective vibration area of the diaphragm, and improve the frequency response of the receiver.
  • This embodiment provides a receiver, which is different from the receiver provided in any one of Embodiments 1 to 7 in that:
  • the structure of the coil is different. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 18 to FIG. 20, the inner wall of the coil 3 is provided with two symmetrical positioning portions 31. The coil 3 is sleeved on the frame 21 through the positioning portion 31. The positioning portion 31 is provided to facilitate the socket assembly of the coil 3 and the frame 21.
  • the positioning portion 31 is a groove recessed into the inner hole wall of the coil 3 from the outside to the inside; the two side wall ends of the first mounting portion 211 of the frame 21 are respectively embedded in the grooves adjacent thereto.
  • the two positioning portions are symmetrically arranged, so that after the coil 3 and the first mounting portion 211 are installed in place, the first mounting portion 211 can be in a horizontal state.
  • the longitudinal cross-sectional shape of the groove is U-shaped.
  • the two side ends of the first mounting portion 211 pass through a U-shaped groove, respectively.
  • the two groove walls of the U-shaped groove play a positioning role on the position of the first mounting portion 211, and facilitate the installation of the coil and the first mounting portion 211 in place.
  • an adhesive can also be provided on the inner wall surface of the U-shaped slot.
  • the longitudinal cross-sectional shape of the groove is V-shaped, and the two side ends of the first mounting portion 211 are respectively embedded in a V-shaped groove, and the coil can be sleeved on the first mounting portion 211. , Positioning the first mounting portion 211.
  • the longitudinal cross-sectional shape of the groove may further include a U-shape and an inverted trapezoid spliced and fixed at the U-shape opening.
  • a long groove of the inverted trapezoid forms a notch of the groove.
  • the two side wall ends are respectively inserted into the U-shaped groove through an inverted trapezoid, so as to realize the positioning of the first mounting portion 211 and the coil 3 when mated.
  • the inverted trapezoidal arrangement makes the notch of the groove have a flared structure, so that when the first mounting portion 211 is embedded in the U-shaped groove, the inner hole wall of the coil 3 will not collide with the first mounting portion 211.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the groove may also be other shapes, for example, the longitudinal cross-sectional shape of the groove may be W-shaped, S-shaped, etc., and the two side walls of the frame-shaped frame matching the groove correspondingly The end can be set to a shape suitable for being embedded in the groove.
  • the above-mentioned groove can also be replaced with other positioning portions 31.
  • the positioning portion 31 is a stepped surface provided on the inner hole wall of the coil 3, and the two ends of the first mounting portion 211 are respectively overlapped. On a step surface.
  • the positioning portion 31 is a protruding portion provided on the inner hole wall of the coil 3, and a through groove is provided on the side wall of the first mounting portion 211 correspondingly, and the through groove is sleeved on the protruding portion. It is also possible to achieve installation and positioning when the coil 3 and the frame 21 are mated.
  • the positioning portion 31 may have other structures, as long as it can achieve a structure that plays a positioning role when the coil 3 and the frame 21 are installed, that is, a positioning portion is provided on the inner hole wall of the coil. The positioning portion cooperates with the side wall end of the frame-shaped frame to realize positioning during installation.
  • the inner hole 32 of the coil 3 is a square inner hole.
  • the inner hole 32 of the coil 3 may be a circular inner hole or another shape.

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Abstract

本申请提供了一种薄型受话器，包括外壳，振膜组件、线圈。振膜组件包括框形架、膜片及密封膜，由于框形架的部分侧壁与外壳的内壁面之间形成安装区域，线圈密封固定在安装区域上且密封套接在框形架外，密封膜铺展将框形架与膜片之间的所有第一间隙密封，从而以振膜组件为界，将外壳的安装腔体分割为并排且不连通的两个腔体。当给线圈通电，线圈产生的电磁场与受话器中永磁体的固定磁场发生交互作用时，膜片整体都振动，从而在线圈套在振膜组件上形成薄型受话器时，让覆盖有密封膜的膜片均参与发声，膜片振动的有效面积最大化，从而提高该受话器的频响。

Description

一种薄型受话器 技术领域
本申请涉及声学技术领域，具体涉及一种薄型受话器。
背景技术
受话器是一种在无声音泄漏条件下，将音频电信号转换成声音电信号的电声器件，广泛用于移动电话、固定电话、耳机等通信终端设备中，实现音频的输出。
例如，中国专利文献CN103067808B公开的受话器，其包括开口相对且扣设的下壳体和上壳体，上壳体又包括依次连接的第一壳体、第三壳体及第二壳体；E字形的簧片，套设在E字形簧片中间臂的根部上的线圈，中间臂伸出线圈悬空的一端作为振动部；线圈位于第二壳体与下壳体之间的区域，还包括分别固定在第一壳体和下壳体上的第一永磁体和第二永磁体；以及一端固定在第三壳体上，另一端向前铺展在E形簧片的振动部上并固定在第一壳体上的薄膜，但未铺展在簧片套设线圈的部分上；以薄膜为界，将壳体内的封闭腔体分割为由第三壳体、薄膜、第一壳体之间围成的发声腔体，下壳体与第二壳体、薄膜之间围成的安装腔体。
此结构的受话器，由于薄膜只是覆盖在振动部上，在给线圈通电后，线圈产生的电磁场和两个永磁体的固定磁场之间产生交互作用，使得振动部带着薄膜一起振动以带动发声腔内的空气振动发声。可见，此受话器的簧片只有铺展薄膜的振动部参与发声，簧片上未铺展薄膜的部分均未参与发声，簧片参与发声的有效面积低，导致该受话器的频响低，影响受话器的发声性能。并且由于设置有第三壳体，使得受话器的结构变得复杂及制造工艺难度增加。
发明内容
因此，本申请所要解决的技术问题是现有技术中薄型受话器，将线圈套在簧片的根部上时，簧片参与发声的部分少，导致受话器的发声的频响低的缺陷。
为此，本申请提供一种薄型受话器，包括
外壳，具有安装腔体；
振膜组件，具有密封固定在所述外壳上的框形架，所述框形架的部分侧壁与所述外 壳的内壁面之间围成安装区域；固定在所述框形架上且一端悬空在框形架的内腔中的膜片，及密封覆盖住所述膜片与所述框形架之间的所有第一间隙；所述膜片的至少部分采用软磁材料制成；
线圈，密封固定在安装区域内且密封套接在所述框形架上，以所述振膜组件为界，将所述安装腔体分割为并排且不连通的第一腔体和第二腔体。
可选地，上述的薄型受话器，所述膜片在所述框形架上的固定端伸入所述线圈的内孔中。
可选地，上述的薄型受话器，所述膜片包括固定在所述框形架上且伸入所述线圈的内孔中的第一部分，和成型在所述第一部分上且位于所述线圈外并悬空的第二部分；
沿所述线圈的径向，所述第二部分的宽度大于所述第一部分的宽度。
可选地，上述的薄型受话器，所述第二部分的厚度不等于所述第一部分的厚度。
可选地，上述的薄型受话器，所述第二部分上设有与所述第一间隙延伸方向相同的调节孔。
可选地，上述的薄型受话器，所述框形架包括
密封固定在所述线圈的内孔中且与所述外壳之间形成所述安装区域的第一安装部，及位于所述线圈外且固定在所述第一安装部上的第二安装部，沿所述线圈的径向，所述第二安装部的宽度大于所述第一安装部的宽度；
所述线圈面向所述第二安装部的一端密封固定在所述第二安装部上，所述线圈与所述外壳之间密封固定。
可选地，上述的薄型受话器，所述框形架还包括朝向所述第二腔体折弯设置在所述第二安装部的至少一端部上的第一延伸部，所述第一延伸部与所述线圈的内孔壁之间密封固定。
可选地，上述的薄型受话器，所述框形架还包括成型在所述第二安装部用于固定第一安装部的端部上并位于所述第一安装部两侧的至少两个支撑部；
所述支撑部固定在所述外壳上且与所述第一安装部之间围成所述安装区域，所述线圈的外壁面固定在所述支撑部上。
可选地，上述的薄型受话器，所述线圈与所述第二安装部、第一安装部及外壳之间通过密封胶固定。
可选地，上述的薄型受话器，所述膜片包括一端成型在所述框形架上且另一端悬空在框形架内腔中的膜片本体；及固定在所述膜片本体，所述簧片采用软磁材料制成且至 少从所述线圈的内孔起沿第一间隙的延伸方向在所述膜片本体上延伸，所述膜片本体固定在所述膜片本体和所述框形架上。
可选地，上述的薄型受话器，所述外壳包括开口相互扣设的第一壳体的和第二壳体；
所述框形架夹持固定在所述第一壳体与所述第二壳体的开口之间。
可选地，上述的薄型受话器，所述所述膜片的一侧表面上设有至少一个加强筋；和/或
所述密封膜铺展固定在所述框形架和所述膜片上。
可选地，上述的薄型受话器，线圈内孔壁上设有至少一个定位部，所述线圈通过所述定位部套接在所述框形架上。
可选地，上述的薄型受话器，所述定位部为由外向内凹进在所述线圈内孔壁上的凹槽；所述框形架的侧壁端嵌装在与其相邻的所述凹槽内。
进一步可选地，上述的薄型受话器，所述凹槽的纵向截面形状为U型或V形；或者
所述凹槽纵向截面形状包括U型及拼接固定在所述U型开口处的倒立梯形，所述倒立梯形的长边处形成所述凹槽的槽口。
进一步可选地，上述的薄型受话器，所述定位部为两个，两个所述定位部对称设在所述线圈内孔壁上。
本申请的技术方案，具有如下优点：
1.本申请提供的薄型受话器，包括外壳，振膜组件、线圈。振膜组件包括框形架、膜片及密封膜，由于框形架的部分侧壁与壳体的内壁面之间形成安装区域，线圈密封固定在安装区域上且密封套接在框形架外，密封膜将框形架与膜片之间的所有第一间隙密封，从而以振膜组件为界，将外壳的安装腔体分割为并排且不连通的两个腔体。
当给线圈通电，线圈产生的电磁场与受话器的两个永磁体的固定磁场发生交互作用时，由于线圈内孔与框形架之间密封连接，线圈在安装区域内密封连接，密封膜又将框形架与膜片之间所有的第一间隙密封，膜片位于线圈内孔的部分也能够产生振动，从而使得整个膜片整体参与振动，以带动第一腔体内的空气或第二腔体内的空气振动发声，从而当线圈套在振膜组件上形成薄型受话器时，让覆盖有密封膜的膜片均参与发声，膜片振动的有效面积最大化，从而提高该受话器的频响，改善受话器的发声性能。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请具体实施方式或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对具体实 施方式或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图是本申请的一些实施方式，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。在附图中：
图1为本申请实施例1提供的受话器的纵向剖面示意图(左右方向)；
图2为图1中受话器的纵向剖面示意图(前后方向)；
图3为图1中的振膜组件的结构示意图；
图4为图1中受话器去掉第一壳体和第一永磁体后的局部示意图；
图5为图1中受话器的振膜组件的另一种结构示意图；
图6为本申请实施例2中提供的第一种受话器的去掉第一壳体、第一永磁体及支撑部后的俯视示意图；
图7为图6中受话器在线圈所在位置处沿纵向剖的剖面示意图(左右方向)；
图8为本申请实施例2中提供的第二种受话器的去掉第一壳体、第一永磁体及支撑部后的俯视示意图；
图9为图8中受话器在线圈所在位置处沿纵向剖的的剖面示意图(左右方向)；
图10为本申请实施例2中提供的第三种受话器的纵向剖面示意图；
图11为本申请实施例3中提供的受话器的纵向剖面示意图；
图12为本申请实施例4中提供的受话器的纵向剖面示意图；
图13为本申请实施例5中提供的第一受话器的去掉第一壳体、第一永磁体及支撑部后的俯视示意图；
图14为图13中受话器在线圈所在位置处沿纵向剖的剖面示意图(左右方向)；
图15为本申请实施例5中提供的第二受话器的去掉第一壳体、第一永磁体及支撑部后的俯视示意图；
图16为图15中受话器在线圈所在位置处沿纵向剖的剖面示意图(左右方向)；
图17为本申请实施例6中受话器的振膜组件的示意图；
图18为本申请实施例8中提供的受话器的线圈的第一种结构示意图；
图19为实施例8中提供的受话器的线圈的第二种结构示意图；
图20为实施例8中提供的受话器的线圈的第三中结构示意图；
附图标记说明：
1-外壳；11-第一壳体；12-第二壳体；13-第一腔体；111-出音孔；14-第二腔体；
21-框形架；211-第一安装部；212-第二安装部；213-第一延伸部；214-支撑部； 215-第二延伸部；22-膜片；221-固定端；222-悬空端；223-膜片本体；224-簧片；225-调节孔；226-加强筋；23-密封膜；24-第一间隙；
3-线圈；31-定位部；32-内孔；
41-第一永磁体；42-第二永磁体。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图对本申请的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
实施例1
本实施例提供一种薄型受话器，如图1至图4所示，包括外壳1、振膜组件、线圈3和两个永磁体。
其中，外壳1包括分别具有开口的第一壳体11和第二壳体12，第一壳体11的底部开口和第二壳体12的顶部的开口相对并扣设固定，以围成封闭或闭合的安装腔体。可选地，第一壳体11和第二壳体12均采用高导磁材料制成，比如高导磁铁镍合金材料。
如图2、图3及图4所示，振膜组件包括框形架21、膜片22及密封膜23，框形架21被夹持设置在第一壳体11与第二壳体12的开口之间，比如，采用激光熔接方式将第一壳体11的底部开口、框形架21及第二壳体12的顶部开口密封固定连接。
框形架21的部分侧壁与外壳1的内壁面之间围成安装区域，可选地，安装区域呈环形。比如，如图3所示，框形架21包括第一安装部211和固定在第一安装部211上的第二安装部212，沿线圈3(下文中提及)的径向，第二安装部212的宽度大于第一安装部211的宽度，此时框形架21呈“T”形，使得第一安装部211的侧壁与外壳1的内壁面之间围成安装区域，第二安装部212整体固定在第一壳体11与第二壳体12的开口之间，第一安装部211的远离第二安装部212的一端固定在第一壳体11与第二壳体12的开口之间。
比如，图3中第一安装部211的右端密封夹持固定在第一壳体11与第二壳体12的开口之间，第二安装部212的左端和前后端均固定在第一壳体11和第二壳体12的开口之间。
膜片22采用软磁材料制成，如图3所示，膜片22的一端成型在框形架21的第一 部分211的内壁面上，另一端向着第二安装部212延伸并悬空在框形架21的内腔中，膜片22的外侧壁与框形架21的内壁面之间形成第一间隙24。
类似于框形架的结构，膜片22也包括固定在框形架21的第一安装部211上且伸入线圈3的内孔中的第一部分，和成型在第一部分上且位于线圈3外并悬空的第二部分；沿所述线圈3的径向，第二部分的宽度大于所述第一部分的宽度，形成“T”形。
如图5所示，框形架21还包括成型在第二安装部212用于固定第一安装部211的端部上的两个支撑部214，两个支撑部214位于第一安装部211的两侧，且两个支撑部214的另一端折弯分别固定在第一安装部211的两侧壁上，从而两个支撑部214将第一安装部211围住，比如支撑部214的横向截面形成为L形；支撑部214固定在外壳1上且与第一安装部211之间围成安装区域，线圈3的外壁面固定在支撑部214。
在第二安装部212上设置支撑部214使得框形架整体呈“矩形”，支撑部214与第一安装部211之间围成安装区域，当框形架21安装在第一壳体11与第二壳体12的开口之间时，由于支撑部214的设置，使得第一壳体11与第二壳体12的开口端面平齐，能够平整地将框形架21固定，便于受话器的安装。
如图1所示，密封膜23固定在框形架21和膜片22的顶部表面上并覆盖住所有的第一间隙24。密封膜23可以铺展在整个框形架和膜片上，也可以只固定在第一间隙两侧所在的框形架和膜片的位置上，密封膜23可以采用高分子材料，比如高分子材料为PET或PEE等材料，优选地密封膜23采用胶粘接在框形架21和膜片22上。
如图1和图4所示，线圈3密封安装在安装区域内并套设在框形架21的第一安装部211外，线圈3面向第二安装部212的一端密封固定在第二安装部212上，其面向外壳1的一端密封固定在外壳1上，线圈3的外周壁面均密封固定在外壳1的内壁面上，线圈3的内孔壁面与第一安装部211的侧壁密封固定，但膜片22与线圈3的内孔之间预留振动间隙。
比如，采用密封胶，将线圈3与外壳1、第二安装部212、第一安装部211均密封固定，从而以振膜组件为界，将外壳1的安装腔体分割为并排且不连通的第一腔体13和第二腔体14，比如第一壳体11的内腔为第一腔体13，第二壳体12的内腔为第二腔体14，在第一壳体11上设有出音孔111。或者第一壳体11上不设出音孔，第二壳体上设出音孔，只需在第一腔体或第二腔体所在的外壳壁面上设有出音孔即可。
需要说明的是，外壳1的封闭安装腔体也是指闭合的安装腔体，鉴于外壳上需要设置出音孔才能作为受话器，该封闭的安装腔体不是指与外界绝对的隔断，是为了形成密 封隔断开的第一腔体和第二腔体，但出音孔与外界连通。
可选地，线圈3上设有正极引线和负极引线，正极引线和负极阴极穿过外壳1连接于外壳1外设置的焊盘。
两个永磁体为便于表述，分别命名为第一永磁体41和第二永磁体42，如图1所示，第一永磁体41和第二永磁体42分别固定在第一壳体11和第二壳体12的内壁面上且相对，第一永磁体41和第二永磁体42相互面对的一端极性相反，比如第一永磁体41面向第二永磁体42的一端极性为S极，对应地第二永磁体42面向第一永磁体41的一端极性为N极。两个永磁体避开线圈3所在的位置并位于膜片22的悬空端222的两侧。
此实施方式的受话器，将框形架21铺展固定在第一壳体11与第二壳体12的开口之间，线圈3密封套接在框形架21的第一部分211的侧壁上，膜片22与线圈3的内孔之间存在振动间隙，密封膜23覆盖住整个膜片22和框形架21。当给线圈3通正向电时，线圈3产生电磁场，由于膜片22采用软磁材料制成，电磁场将膜片22磁化，使得膜片22带上磁性，比如膜片22的悬空端222呈N极，第一永磁体41的S极对膜片22产生向上的吸引力，第二永磁体42的N极对膜片22产生向上的排斥力，从而使得膜片22在安装腔体内做向上振动，以带动密封膜23振动，进而鼓动第一腔体13内的空气振动来发声；相反，给线圈3通反向电，膜片22的悬空端222被磁化后的极性为S极，第一永磁体41的S极对膜片22产生向下的排斥力，第二永磁体42的N极对膜片22产生向下的吸引力，从而膜片22带动密封膜23做向下振动，第一腔体13内的空气随着膜片22向下振动，实现第一腔体13内的往复振动发声的过程。
此实施方式中的受话器，膜片、电磁线圈、永磁体构成受话器的核心，以形成电磁振动系统。振动系统的主要参数量为劲度(力劲)、质量、力阻抗，通过结构的改变、优化改变这三个参数量，即能实现、达到所需的预期要求。
一个声学系统达到稳态后，为使频率改变时声压(对应于频响)能保持恒定，膜片22的位移就必须恒定，膜片22的运动速度为V，驱动力为F，振动系统的力阻抗为Z，振动膜片位移为ξ，振动的角频率为ω，则振动系统满足下式关系：
Figure PCTCN2019076442-appb-000001
即在一定驱动力条件下，振动系统必须为力劲控制系统，也即振动系统的阻抗必须 为力劲，且：
Figure PCTCN2019076442-appb-000002
当驱动力频率f远低于振动系统的固有频率f 0，即f＜f 0时，振动系统的弹性对振动系统起着主要作用，振动系统处于弹性控制区。而当驱动力频率f远大于振动系统的固有频率f 0，即f＞f 0时，振动系统的质量对振动系统起着主要作用，振动系统处于质量控制区。对于一个振动系统其共振频率符合下式关系：
Figure PCTCN2019076442-appb-000003
该式中，K为振动系统的劲度，m为振动系统运动部件的质量。
受话器的低频响应很大程度上决定了其性能，在低频段振动部件的振动位移幅值ξ与力F成正比，并遵循胡克定律：
F＝kξ
可见，影响膜片振动动态表现的一个是弹性，另一个是惯性。弹性表现呈线性的振动膜片其动态表现必定较好，可合理地还原、回放声音信号，音频表现也会较平衡；而质量轻的膜片，其运动惯性必定较小，声音的清晰度、细节部分会表现的较好。故在低频段应使共振频率f 0尽可能小，即尽可能降低膜片的劲度，以提高低频响应。而这一条件可通过对膜片根部局部减薄的工艺方式来实现。
比如，膜片的第一部分的厚度小于第二部分的厚度，降低膜片22与框形架21的第一安装部211之间的固定力，增大膜片22的弹性，进而改善受话器的低频性能。或者，只将膜片22固定在框形架21上的根部进行局部减薄，也能够改善受话器的低频性能。
而在高频段应使共振频率f 0尽可能大，即尽可能增大膜片22的劲度，以提高高频响应，以获得较宽的有效频带。并尽可能降低振动膜片22的运动惯性来提高瞬态响应。而这一条件可通过对膜片前部的非磁力作用区(膜片的悬空端)进行一定的工艺处理，将这一部分膜片减薄或镶嵌超薄轻质合金片并在其上压制加强筋226的工艺方式来实现。
比如，膜片22的第二部分的厚度小于第一部分的厚度，使得膜片22的质量减轻，以增大受话器的高频性能。或者仅将膜片22的悬空端部分减薄。
对于一个容积为V的气室(第一腔体13)，当膜片22的振动位移幅值ξ为恒定值时，膜片的有效面积S对振动产生的声压P就起着关键作用，并有下式关系：
Figure PCTCN2019076442-appb-000004
该式中c为声速，P0为基准声压。
也即振动系统的膜片22振动的有效面积越大，声压越高。而在本实施方式中，由于在整个振动过程中，密封膜23铺展在整个膜片22上，位于线圈3内孔的膜片22也在振动，充分利用了膜片位于线圈内孔的这一部分面积，使得该振膜组件的膜片22均参与发声过程，膜片22的有效振动面积增加，使得声压指标得到最大化发挥，提高受话器的频响，改善受话器的发声性能。
同时，受话器的结构简单，便于加工制造和装配，该受话器的装配过程为：线圈3和第一永磁体41分别预先固定在第一壳体11的内壁面上；第二永磁体42固定在第二壳体12的内壁面上；振膜组件的框形架21一端穿过线圈3固定在第一壳体11的开口上，另一端直接固定在第一壳体11的开口上；最后将第一壳体11、振膜组件及线圈3的组合体整体固定在第一壳体11上即可。
如图3所示，膜片22上还设有两个平行的调节孔225，比如长腰孔，每个调节孔225由线圈3朝向永磁体方向延伸；调节孔225的设置，线圈3产生的电磁场分布在膜片22的单位面积上的磁场强度增强，从而加强膜片22与两个永磁体的固定磁场的交互作用，进一步地增大受话器的频响。可选地，调节孔225和第一间隙24连通，从而增大膜片22的振动的自由度，在相同电磁驱动力下，膜片22更容易振动。
另外，此实施方式的外壳1、膜片22采用高导磁铁镍合金材料，使得第一永磁体41与第一壳体11、膜片22之间形成第一磁回路，第二永磁体42与第二壳体12、膜片22之间形成第二磁回路，通过控制外壳1和膜片22的厚度，外壳1与振膜组件之间采用激光熔接技术固定，使得第一磁回路和第二磁回路形成理想的回路，电磁性能得到较佳发挥。另外，线圈和两个永磁体并排设置，使得受话器的厚度仅由线圈的厚度决定，从而可以根据需求，来制备不同厚度的受话器。
作为实施例1的第一个可替换的实施方式，振膜组件还可以固定在第一壳体11的内壁面或第二壳体12的内壁面上。
作为实施例1的第二个可替换的实施方式，还可以在膜片22上成型加强筋，例如 在膜片22的顶部或底部表面上成型有加强筋226，以增大膜片22的刚性，进一步地增大受话器的频响。
作为实施例1的第三个可替换的实施方式，框形架21还可以不设置支撑部214，在第一安装部对应位置处的第一壳体11和第二壳体12的开口端之间通过设置更多的密封结构固定，来使得第一壳体11的底部开口和第二壳体12的顶部开口平齐并固定；或者框形架21本身呈矩形，此时，第一壳体11和第二壳体12在安装线圈的位置处的部分向外凸出，当框形架21固定在外壳1上时，框形架21的部分侧壁仍能与外壳1的内壁面之间形成安装区域，以供线圈3密封固定和套设在框形架21上。
实施例2
本实施例提供一种薄型受话器，其与实施例1中提供的受话器相比，不同之处在于：
如图6和图7所示，膜片22包括膜片本体223和簧片224，膜片本体223的一端成型在框形架21上，另一端悬空在框形架21的内腔中，膜片本体223与框形架21之间形成第一间隙24，膜片本体223采用非导磁材料制成，比如高弹性的轻质材料，例如铝镁合金、铝合金等材料，簧片224采用软磁材料制成；密封膜23固定在膜片本体223和框形架21上，覆盖住所有的第一间隙24。可选地，膜片本体223也包括类似实施例1中膜片的第一部分和第二部分。或者，密封膜固定在框形架、膜片本体及簧片上。
比如，如图7所示，膜片本体223的顶部表面设有安装孔或安装凹槽，将簧片224嵌装在安装孔或安装凹槽内；或者还可以如图8和图9所示，簧片224直接固定在膜片本体223的顶部表面上。
或者，如图10所示，簧片224为两个，两个簧片224分别固定在膜片本体223的顶部表面和底部表面上，通过设置两个簧片224，增强簧片224上的电磁场与两个永磁体的交互作用。
作为实施例2的第一个可替换的实施方式，密封膜23还可覆盖住簧片224，或者密封膜23固定在簧片224和框形架21上，将第一间隙24密封即可。
实施例3
本实施例提供一种薄型受话器，其与实施例1或实施例2中的受话器的不同之处在于：
在实施例1的技术方案的基础上或实施例2的技术方案的基础上，如图11所示，框形架21与线圈3内孔壁面连接处的侧壁位置设有朝向第二腔体折弯的两个第一延伸 部213。也即，第一安装部211的两端分别设有朝向第二腔体折弯的一个第一延伸部213，线圈3套在两个第一延伸部213外，线圈3内孔的两侧壁分别与一个第一延伸部213的外壁面之间密封固定。
此实施方式中，通过在框形架21的第一安装部上设置第一延伸部213，增强线圈3内孔壁面与框形架21侧壁之间的密封连接的牢固性，确保以振膜组件为界，将外壳1的安装腔体分割为并排的第一腔体13和第二腔体14，整个膜片22都能振动，以参与整个发声过程中，进一步地确保受话器的频响得到改善。
作为变形实施方式，第一延伸部213还可以仅设置一个，或者更多数量，比如三个、四个、五个等等，以加强框形架21的第一安装部211与线圈3的连接牢固性。
实施例4
本实施例提供一种薄型受话器，其与实施例3中的受话器的不同之处在于：在实施例3的技术方案的基础上，如图12所示，还在支撑部214的底部设有朝向第二腔体14折弯的两个第二延伸部215，两个第二延伸部215的内表面分别固定在线圈3的外周两侧，在第一延伸部213和第二延伸部215的配合下，使得线圈3的内孔壁与第一延伸部213固定，线圈3的外壁面与第二延伸部215固定，进一步地加强线圈3与框形架21的固定，增加牢固性。
实施例5
本实施例提供一种薄型受话器，其与实施例2提供的受话器的不同之处在于：
如图13和图14所示，膜片本体223仅包括第二部分，簧片224的一端固定在膜片本体223上，另一端固定在框形架21的第一安装部211上，也即，膜片本体223的一端通过固定在其上的簧片224而固定在框形架21上。比如，簧片224固定在膜片本体223的顶部表面上，也能够实现上述的振动发声过程。
或者，如图15和图16所示，簧片224为两块，两块簧片224的一端分别固定在膜片本体223的顶部表面和底部表面上，两块簧片224的伸入线圈内的一端均固定在框形架的第一安装部上，也能够实现上述的振动发声过程。
实施例6
本实施例提供一种薄型受话器，其与实施例1提供的受话器的不同之处在于：
如图17所示，框形架21的支撑部214与实施例1中(如图5所示)的框形架21的支撑部214不同，本实施例中的两个支撑部214平行于第一安装部并位于第一安装部 的两侧，但支撑部214不与第一安装部211固定，未将第一安装部211包围住，支撑部214也是被固定在外壳1上，比如被夹持固定在第一壳体11的底部开口与第二壳体12的顶部开口之间，也能够较平整地将框形架21固定在外壳上，便于受话器的安装。
实施例7
本实施例提供一种薄型受话器，其与实施例1至实施6中任一个实施例中提供的受话器的不同之处在于：
密封膜23还可以不固定膜片22上，而是铺展固定在整个框形架21上，仍能够将框形架21与膜片22之间的所有第一间隙24密封覆盖住；或者，还可以直接固定在外壳1的内表面和线圈3的内孔上，不固定在框形架21上，仍能将框形架21与膜片22之间的所有第一间隙24密封覆盖住，仍能够使得膜片22伸入线圈内孔中的部分振动发声，增大膜片有效振动面积，改善受话器的频响。
实施例8
本实施例提供一种受话器，其与实施例1至实施例7中任一个实施例中提供的受话器相比，不同之处在于：
线圈的结构不同，具体而言，如图18至图20所示，线圈3内孔壁上设有对称的两个定位部31，线圈3通过定位部31套接在所述框形架21上，定位部31的设置，便于将线圈3与框形架21进行套接装配。
具体而言，定位部31为由外向内凹进在线圈3内孔壁上的凹槽；框形架21的第一安装部211的两侧壁端分别嵌装在与其相邻的凹槽内，两个定位部对称设置，使得线圈3与第一安装部211安装到位后，第一安装部211能够处于水平状态。
比如，如图18所示，凹槽的纵向截面形状为U型，在将线圈3与框形架21装配时，只需框形架21的第一安装部211穿过线圈的内孔时，第一安装部211的两侧壁端分别穿过一个U型槽，U型槽的两个槽壁对第一安装部211的位置起到定位作用，便于线圈与第一安装部211的安装到位。比如，还可以在U型槽的内壁面上设置粘接胶，当第一安装部211插入U型槽内时，第一安装部就可以粘接在U型槽内，实现线圈3与第一安装部211的密封套接。
或者，如图19所示，凹槽的纵向截面形状为V型，第一安装部211的两侧壁端分别嵌入一个V型凹槽内，也能实现线圈套接在第一安装部211时，对第一安装部211进行定位。
或者，如图20所示，凹槽的纵向截面形状还可以包括U型及拼接固定在U型开口处的倒立梯形，倒立梯形的长边处形成凹槽的槽口，第一安装部211的两侧壁端分别经倒立梯形嵌入U型凹槽内，实现对第一安装部211与线圈3配合时的定位。倒立梯形的设置，使得凹槽的槽口呈扩口结构，使得第一安装部211嵌入U型槽时，线圈3的内孔壁不会碰撞到第一安装部211。
作为可替换的实施方式，凹槽的截面形状还可以为其他形状，比如凹槽的纵截面形状可以为W型，S型等，对应地将与该凹槽配合的框形架的两侧壁端设置成适于嵌入该凹槽内的造型即可。
作为可替换的实施方式，上述的凹槽还可以被替换为其他的定位部31，比如定位部31为设在线圈3内孔壁上的台阶面，第一安装部211的两侧端分别搭接在一个台阶面上。
作为可替换的实施方式，定位部31为设在线圈3内孔壁上的突出部，对应地在第一安装部211的侧壁上设有通槽，通槽套接在该突出部上，也能够实现对线圈3与框形架21之间配合时的安装定位。或者，定位部31还可以为其他结构，只要能够实现将线圈3与框形架21安装时起到定位作用的结构都可以，也就是说在线圈的内孔壁上设有定位部，通过该定位部与框形架的侧壁端配合，实现二者安装时的定位即可。
另外，可选地，线圈3的内孔32为方形内孔，当然也可以为圆形内孔，或者其他形状的内孔。
显然，上述实施例仅仅是为清楚地说明所作的举例，而并非对实施方式的限定。对于所属领域的普通技术人员来说，在上述说明的基础上还可以做出其它不同形式的变化或变动。这里无需也无法对所有的实施方式予以穷举。而由此所引伸出的显而易见的变化或变动仍处于本申请创造的保护范围之中。

Claims (16)

  1. 一种薄型受话器，其特征在于，包括
    外壳(1)，具有安装腔体；
    振膜组件(2)，具有密封固定在所述外壳(1)上的框形架(21)，所述框形架(21)的部分侧壁与所述外壳(1)的内壁面之间围成安装区域；固定在所述框形架(21)上且一端悬空在框形架(21)的内腔中的膜片(22)，及密封覆盖住所述膜片(22)与所述框形架(21)之间的所有第一间隙(24的密封膜(23)；所述膜片(22)的至少部分采用软磁材料制成；
    线圈(3)，密封固定在安装区域内且密封套接在所述框形架(21)上，以所述振膜组件(2)为界，将所述安装腔体分割为并排且不连通的第一腔体(13)和第二腔体(14)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的薄型受话器，其特征在于，所述膜片(22)在所述框形架(21)上的固定端(221)伸入所述线圈(3)的内孔中。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的薄型受话器，其特征在于，所述膜片(22)包括固定在所述框形架(21)上且伸入所述线圈(3)的内孔中的第一部分，和成型在所述第一部分上且位于所述线圈(3)外并悬空的第二部分；
    沿所述线圈(3)的径向，所述第二部分的宽度大于所述第一部分的宽度。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的薄型受话器，其特征在于，所述第二部分的厚度不等于所述第一部分的厚度。
  5. 根据权利要求3或4所述的薄型受话器，其特征在于，所述第二部分上设有与所述第一间隙(24)延伸方向相同的调节孔(225)。
  6. 根据权利要求2-5中任一项所述的薄型受话器，其特征在于，所述框形架(21)包括
    密封固定在所述线圈(3)的内孔中且与所述外壳(1)之间形成所述安装区域的第一安装部(211)，及位于所述线圈(3)外且固定在所述第一安装部(211)上的第二安装部(212)，沿所述线圈(3)的径向，所述第二安装部(212)的宽度大于所述第一安装部(211)的宽度；
    所述线圈(3)面向所述第二安装部(212)的一端密封固定在所述第二安装部(212)上，所述线圈(3)与所述外壳之间密封固定。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的薄型受话器，其特征在于，所述框形架(21)还包括朝向所述第二腔体(14)折弯设置在所述第二安装部(212)的至少一端部上的第一延伸部(213)，所述第一延伸部(213)与所述线圈(3)的内孔壁之间密封固定。
  8. 根据权利要求6或7所述的薄型受话器，其特征在于，所述框形架(21)还包括成型在所述第二安装部(212)用于固定第一安装部(211)的端部上并位于所述第一安装部(211)两侧的至少两个支撑部(214)；
    所述支撑部(214)固定在所述外壳(1)上且与所述第一安装部(211)之间围成所述安装区域，所述线圈(3)的外壁面固定在所述支撑部(214)上。
  9. 根据权利要求6-8中任一项所述的薄型受话器，其特征在于，所述线圈(3)与所述第二安装部(212)、第一安装部(211)及外壳(1)之间通过密封胶固定。
  10. 根据权利要求1-9中任一项中任一项所述的薄型受话器，其特征在于，所述膜片(22)包括一端成型在所述框形架(21)上且另一端悬空在框形架(21)内腔中的膜片本体(223)；及固定在所述膜片本体(223)上的至少一个簧片(224)，所述簧片(224)采用软磁材料制成且至少从所述线圈(3)的内孔起沿第一间隙(24)的延伸方向在所述膜片本体(223)上延伸，所述膜片本体(223)采用非导磁材料制成；
    所述密封膜(23)固定在所述膜片本体(223)和所述框形架(21)上。
  11. 根据权利要求1-10中任一项所述的薄型受话器，其特征在于，所述外壳(1)包括开口相互扣设的第一壳体(11)的和第二壳体(12)；
    所述框形架(21)夹持固定在所述第一壳体(11)与所述第二壳体(12)的开口之间。
  12. 根据权利要求1-11中任一项所述的薄型受话器，其特征在于，所述所述膜片(22)的一侧表面上设有至少一个加强筋(226)；和/或
    所述密封膜(23)铺展固定在所述框形架(21)和所述膜片(22)上。
  13. 根据权利要求1-12中任一项所述的薄型受话器，其特征在于，所述线圈(3)内孔壁上设有至少一个定位部(31)，所述线圈(3)通过所述定位部(31)套接在所述框形架(21)上。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的薄型受话器，其特征在于，所述定位部(31)为由外向内凹进在所述线圈(3)内孔壁上的凹槽；所述框形架(21)的侧壁端嵌装在与其相邻的所述凹槽内。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的薄型受话器，其特征在于，所述凹槽的纵向截面形状为 U型或V形；或者
    所述凹槽纵向截面形状包括U型及拼接固定在所述U型开口处的倒立梯形，所述倒立梯形的长边处形成所述凹槽的槽口。
  16. 根据权利要求13-15中任一项所述的薄型受话器，其特征在于，所述定位部(31)为两个，两个所述定位部(31)对称设在所述线圈(3)内孔壁上。
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