WO2020053124A1 - Receiver comprising a luminescent collector for optical data communication - Google Patents

Receiver comprising a luminescent collector for optical data communication Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020053124A1
WO2020053124A1 PCT/EP2019/073944 EP2019073944W WO2020053124A1 WO 2020053124 A1 WO2020053124 A1 WO 2020053124A1 EP 2019073944 W EP2019073944 W EP 2019073944W WO 2020053124 A1 WO2020053124 A1 WO 2020053124A1
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alkyl
aryl
cio
unsubstituted
cycloalkyl
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Hannah Stephanie MANGOLD
Martin Koenemann
Sorin Ivanovici
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BASF SE
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BASF SE
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Priority to KR1020217006926A priority Critical patent/KR102929257B1/ko
Priority to JP2021537497A priority patent/JP7466545B2/ja
Priority to US17/275,532 priority patent/US12018192B2/en
Priority to CN201980059210.9A priority patent/CN112739794B/zh
Priority to EP19765250.6A priority patent/EP3850056B1/en
Publication of WO2020053124A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020053124A1/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K11/00—Luminescent materials, e.g. electroluminescent or chemiluminescent
    • C09K11/06—Luminescent materials, e.g. electroluminescent or chemiluminescent containing organic luminescent materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L101/00—Compositions of unspecified macromolecular compounds
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/60—Receivers
    • H04B10/66—Non-coherent receivers, e.g. using direct detection
    • H04B10/67—Optical arrangements in the receiver
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K2211/00—Chemical nature of organic luminescent or tenebrescent compounds
    • C09K2211/10—Non-macromolecular compounds
    • C09K2211/1018—Heterocyclic compounds
    • C09K2211/1025—Heterocyclic compounds characterised by ligands
    • C09K2211/1044—Heterocyclic compounds characterised by ligands containing two nitrogen atoms as heteroatoms

Definitions

  • Receiver comprising a luminescent collector for optical data communication
  • the present invention relates to a receiver comprising a luminescent collector (luminescent de- tector), to an optical data communication system comprising said receiver, and to the use of the luminescent collector as fast photodetector in a receiver for an optical data communication sys- tem.
  • a luminescent collector luminescent de- tector
  • optical data communication especially optical wireless communication (OWC) like visible Light Communication (VLC), free space optical communication (FSO) and Li-Fi (Light Fidelity) are rapid growing technological fields that aim to implement fast and safe wireless communication to replace or complement existing wireless technologies.
  • New technologies like the internet of things (being the basis for industry 4.0, IP 4.0 ® , etc.), wearables (i.e. smart electronic devices with microcontrollers that can be worn on the body as implant or accessories) and the general increase in mobile communication lead to a rapid increase in data streams and the necessity for new communication channels.
  • OBC optical wireless communication
  • VLC visible Light Communication
  • FSO free space optical communication
  • Li-Fi Light Fidelity
  • New technologies like the internet of things (being the basis for industry 4.0, IP 4.0 ® , etc.), wearables (i.e. smart electronic devices with microcontrollers that can be worn on the body as implant or accessories) and the general increase in mobile communication lead to a rapid increase in data streams and the necessity for new communication channels.
  • the optical light source is usually ei- ther a light-emitting diode (LED) or a laser diode (LD).
  • the modulated optical field then propa- gates through a free-space path before arriving at a receiver. In the receiver, the optical signal is transformed back to an electrical signal.
  • Li-Fi is the term established for the transmission of data through illumination using LED lighting that varies in its intensity for high speed wireless communication. Together with the widespread use of LED lighting in offices, streetlights and homes, Li-Fi is an added benefit to the existing lighting infrastructure.
  • a portion of the emitted light is collected by a fiber and guided to a small area sem- iconductor photodiode. It is referred to the combined system of the luminescent concentrators and photodiode as a luminescent detector (LD).
  • LD luminescent detector
  • US 2017/0346556 A discloses an apparatus comprising: a wavelength-shifting element config- ured to receive an input-light signal, wherein the wavelength-shifting element comprises a wavelength-shifting material configured to: absorb at least a portion of the received input-light signal; and produce an emitted-light signal from the absorbed portion of the received input-light signal; a plasmonic grating comprising a plurality of plasmonic-structure elements, the plas- monic grating configured to: receive at least a portion of the emitted-light signal; and direct the received portion of the emitted-light signal toward a photodetector; and the photodetector con- figured to: receive the directed portion of the emitted-light signal; and produce an electrical cur- rent corresponding to the directed portion of the emitted-light signal.
  • the inorganic materials cadmium/selenide/cadmium sulfide (CdSe/CdS) quantum dots and lead selenide/led sulfide (PdSe/PdS) quantum dots are mentioned.
  • WO 2017/089540 A1 relates to a detector, a detector system and a method for determining a position of at least one object.
  • the photoluminescence lifetime (fluorescent/phosphorescent lifetime or excited-state lifetime) of conventional phosphors as wavelength-shifting material is too long (ranging in the order of greater than 10 nanoseconds and up to some microseconds) to support high rates of data transfer.
  • a receiver comprising a lumi- nescent collector (luminescent detector) for use as fast photodetector in a receiver for an optical data communication system comprising at least one organic fluorescent colorant B selected from the group consisting of (B1) a naphthoylbenzimidazole compound, (B2) a cyanated naph- thoylbenzimidazole compound, (B3) a cyanated perylene compound of formula (III), (B4) a cya- nated compound of formula (IV), (B5) a benz(othi)oxanthene compound of formula (V), (B6) a benzimidazoxanthenisoquinoline compound of formulae (VIA) or (VI B), (B7) fluorescent corn- pound comprising at least one structural unit of form ua (VII), (B8) a perylene compound of for- mulae (VIII) or (IX), (B9)
  • an optical data communication system comprising the receiver according to the present invention, and by the use of at least one organic fluorescent colorant B selected from the group consisting of the compounds (B1 ) to (B18) in a luminescent collector (luminescent detector) as photodetector in a receiver for an optical data communication system.
  • the present invention relates to a receiver comprising a luminescent comprising
  • wavelength shifting material comprises
  • radicals R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 , R 9 and R 10 independently of each other is aryl which carries one, two or three cyano groups and 0, 1 , 2, 3 or 4 substituents R Ar and the remaining radicals R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 , R 9 and R 10 independently of each other are selected from hydrogen and aryl which is unsubstituted or carries 1 , 2, 3, 4 or 5 substituents R Ar ,
  • R Ar independently of each other and independently of each occurrence is selected from halogen
  • R a independently of each other and independently of each occurrence is selected from cyano, halogen, Cs-Cs-cycloalkyl, 3- to 8-membered heterocyclyl, aryl and heteroaryl, where C 3 -C 8 -cycloalkyl, 3- to 8-membered heterocyclyl are unsubstituted or bear one or more R b1 groups, and where aryl and heteroaryl are unsubstituted or bear one or more R c1 groups;
  • R b independently of each other and independently of each occurrence is selected from cyano, halogen, Ci-Cis-alkyl, Cs-Cs-cycloalkyl, 3- to 8-membered heterocyclyl, aryl and heteroaryl, where C 3 -Cs-cycloalkyl, 3- to 8-membered heterocyclyl are unsubstituted or bear one or more R b1 groups, and where aryl and heteroaryl are unsubstituted or bear one or more R c1 groups;
  • R c independently of each other and independently of each occurrence is selected from cyano, halogen, Ci-Cis-alkyl, C 3 -Cs-cycloalkyl, 3- to 8-membered heterocyclyl, aryl and heteroaryl, where C 3 -Cs-cycloalkyl, 3- to 8-membered heterocyclyl are unsubstituted or bear one or more R b1 groups, and where aryl and heteroaryl are unsubstituted or bear one or more R c1 groups;
  • R b1 independently of each other and independently of each occurrence is selected from halogen, Ci-Cis-alkyl and Ci-Cis-haloalkyl,
  • R c1 independently of each other and independently of each occurrence is selected from halogen, Ci-Cis-alkyl and Ci-Cis-haloalkyl;
  • R 21 , R 22 , R 23 , R 24 , R 25 , R 26 , R 27 , R 28 , R 29 and R 210 are each independently hydrogen, cyano or aryl which is unsubstituted or has one or more identical or different substituents R 2Ar , where
  • each R 2Ar is independently selected from cyano, hydroxyl, mercapto, halogen, C1-C20- alkoxy, Ci-C2o-alkylthio, nitro, -NR 2Ar2 R 2Ar3 ,
  • each R 2a is independently selected from cyano, hydroxyl, oxo, mercapto, halogen, C 1 -C 20 - alkoxy, Ci-C 2 o-alkylthio, nitro,
  • each R 2b is independently selected from cyano, hydroxyl, oxo, mercapto, halogen, C 1 -C 20 - alkoxy, Ci-C 2 o-alkylthio, nitro,
  • each R 2b1 is independently selected from cyano, hydroxyl, mercapto, oxo, nitro, halogen, -
  • Ci-Cis-alkyl Ci-Cis-alkenyl, C2-Cis-alkynyl, Ci-Ci2-alkoxy, and Ci-Ci2-alkylthio
  • U is an -0-, -S-, -NR 2Ar1 -, -CO-, -SO- or -SO2- moiety;
  • R 2Ari , R 2Ar2 ; R 2Ar 3 are eac h independently hydrogen, Ci-Cie-alkyl, 3- to 8-membered cyclo- alkyl, 3- to 8-membered heterocyclyl, aryl or heteroaryl, where alkyl is unsubstituted or bears one or more R 2a groups, where 3- to 8-membered cycloalkyl, 3- to 8-membered heterocyclyl, aryl and heteroaryl are unsubstituted or bear one or more R 2b groups;
  • the compound of formula II comprises at least one cyano group, and mixtures thereof;
  • one of the Z 3 substituents is cyano and the other Z 3 substituent is CO 2 R 39 , CONR 310 R 311 ,
  • Ci-Cis-alkyl C2-Ci8-alkenyl, C2-Cis-alkynyl, C 3 -Ci2-cycloalkyl or C 6 -Ci 4 -aryl, where
  • Ci-Cis-alkyl, C2-Cis-alkenyl, C2-Cis-alkynyl are unsubstituted or bear one or more identical or different Z 3a substituents, C 3 -Ci 2 -cycloalkyl is unsubstituted or bears one or more identical or different Z 3b substitu- ents, and
  • C 6 -Ci 4 -aryl is unsubstituted or bears one or more identical or different Z 3Ar substituents; one of the Z 3* substituents is cyano and the other Z 3* substituent is CO 2 R 39 , CONR 310 R 311 , Ci-Ci 8 -alkyl, C 2 -Ci 8 -alkenyl, C 2 -Ci 8 -alkynyl, C 3 -Ci 2 -cycloalkyl or C 6 -Ci 4 -aryl, where Ci-Ci 8 -alkyl, C 2 -Ci 8 -alkenyl, C 2 -Cis-alkynyl are unsubstituted or bear one or more identical or different Z 3a substituents,
  • C 3 -Ci 2 -cycloalkyl is unsubstituted or bears one or more identical or different Z 3b substitu- ents
  • C 6 -Ci 4 -aryl is unsubstituted or bears one or more identical or different Z 3Ar substituents;
  • R 31 , R 32 , R 33 , R 34 , R 35 , R 36 , R 37 and R 38 are each independently selected from hydrogen, cyano, bromine and chlorine,
  • R 39 is hydrogen, Ci-Cio-alkyl, C 2 -Cio-alkenyl, C 2 -Cio-alkynyl, C 3 -Ci 2 -cycloalkyl or C 6 -C 14 - aryl, where
  • Ci-Cio-alkyl, C 2 -Cio-alkenyl, C 2 -Cio-alkynyl are unsubstituted or bear one or more identical or different R 3a substituents,
  • C 3 -Ci 2 -cycloalkyl is unsubstituted or bears one or more identical or different R 3b substitu- ents and
  • C 6 -Ci 4 -aryl is unsubstituted or bears one or more identical or different R 3Ar substituents;
  • R 310 and R 31 1 are each independently hydrogen, Ci-Cio-alkyl, C 2 -Cio-alkenyl, C 2 -C 10 - alkynyl, C 3 -Ci 2 -cycloalkyl or C 6 -Ci 4 -aryl, where
  • Ci-Cio-alkyl, C 2 -Cio-alkenyl, C 2 -Cio-alkynyl are unsubstituted or bear one or more identical or different R 3a substituents,
  • C 3 -Ci 2 -cycloalkyl is unsubstituted or bears one or more identical or different R 3b substitu- ents and
  • C 3 -Ci 2 -cycloalkyl is unsubstituted or bears one or more identical or different R 3b substitu- ents and
  • each R 3a is independently halogen, hydroxyl, Ci-Cio-alkoxy, C 3 -Ci 2 -cycloalkyl or C 6 -C 14 - aryl;
  • each R 3b is independently halogen, hydroxyl, Ci-Cio-alkyl, Ci-Cio-alkoxy, C 1 -C 10 - haloalkoxy, Ci-Cio-alkylthio, C 2 -Cio-alkenyl, C 2 -Cio-alkynyl, C 3 -Ci 2 -cycloalkyl or C 6 -C 14 - aryl; each R 3Ar is independently halogen, hydroxyl, Ci-Cio-alkyl, Ci-Cio-alkoxy, C 1 -C 10 - haloalkoxy, Ci-Cio-alkylthio, C 2 -Cio-alkenyl, C 2 -Cio-alkynyl, C 3 -Ci 2 -cycloalkyl or C 6 -C 14 - aryl;
  • R 39a is hydrogen, Ci-Cio-alkyl, C 2 -Cio-alkenyl, C 2 -Cio-alkynyl, C 3 -Ci 2 -cycloalkyl or C 6 -C 14 - aryl;
  • Rs i o a , R3 Ha are eac h independently hydrogen, Ci-Cio-alkyl, C 2 -Cio-alkenyl, C 2 -Cio-alkynyl, C 3 -Ci 2 -cycloalkyl or C 6 -Ci 4 -aryl,
  • m4 is 0, 1 , 2, 3 or 4;
  • each R 41 independently from each other is selected from bromine, chlorine, cyano, -NR 4a R 4b , Ci-C 24 -alkyl, Ci-C 24 -haloalkyl, Ci-C 24 -alkoxy, Ci-C 24 -haloalkoxy, C 3 -C 24 - cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, heteroaryl, C 6 -C 24 -aryl, C 6 -C 24 -aryloxy, C 6 -C 24 -aryl-Ci-Cio- alkylene, where the rings of cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, heteroaryl, aryl, aryloxy in the six last-mentioned radicals are unsubstituted or substituted with 1 , 2, 3, 4 or 5 identical or dif ferent radicals R 41a and where Ci-C 24 -alkyl, Ci-C 24 -haloalkyl, Ci-C 24 -alkoxy, and the al
  • At least one of the radicals R 42 , R 43 , R 44 and R 45 is CN, and the remaining radicals, inde- pendently from each other, are selected from hydrogen, chlorine and bromine;
  • X 40 is O, S, SO or S0 2 ;
  • A is a diradical selected from diradicals of the general formulae (A.1), (A.2), (A.3), and (A.4)
  • n4 is 0, 1 , 2, 3 or 4;
  • o4 is 0, 1 , 2 or 3;
  • p4 is 0, 1 , 2 or 3;
  • R 46 is hydrogen, Ci-C 24 -alkyl, Ci-C 24 -haloalkyl, C 3 -C 24 -cycloalkyl, C 6 -C 24 -aryl or C 6 -C 24 - aryl-Ci-Cio-alkylene, where the rings of cycloalkyl, aryl, and aryl-alkylene in the three last- mentioned radicals are unsubstituted or substituted with 1 , 2, 3, 4 or 5 identical or different radicals R 46a , and where Ci-C 24 -alkyl, Ci-C 24 -haloalkyl and the alkylene moiety of C 6 -C 24 - aryl-Ci-Cio-alkylene may be interrupted by one or more heteroatoms or heteroatomic groups selected from O, S and NR 4c ;
  • each R 47 independently from each other is selected from bromine, chlorine, cyano,
  • each R 48 independently from each other is selected from bromine, chlorine, cyano, NR 4a R 4b , Ci-C 24 -alkyl, Ci-C 24 -haloalkyl, Ci-C 24 -alkoxy, Ci-C 24 -haloalkoxy, C 3 -C 24 - cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, heteroaryl, C 6 -C 24 -aryl, C 6 -C 24 -aryloxy, C 6 -C 24 -aryl-Ci-Cio- alkylene, where the rings of cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, heteroaryl, aryl and aryl-alkylene in the six last-mentioned radicals are unsubstituted or substituted with 1 , 2, 3, 4 or 5 iden- tical or different radicals R 48a and where Ci-C 24 -alkyl, Ci-C 24 -haloalkyl, Ci-C 24 -alkoxy,
  • each R 49 independently from each other is selected from bromine, chlorine, cyano, NR 4a R 4b , Ci-C 24 -alkyl, Ci-C 24 -haloalkyl, Ci-C 24 -alkoxy, Ci-C 24 -haloalkoxy, C 3 -C 24 - cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, heteroaryl, C 6 -C 24 -aryl, C 6 -C 24 -aryloxy, C 6 -C 24 -aryl-Ci-Cio- alkylene, where the rings of cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, heteroaryl, aryl and aryl- alkylene in the six last-mentioned radicals are unsubstituted or substituted with 1 , 2, 3, 4 or 5 iden- tical or different radicals R 49a and where Ci-C 24 -alkyl, Ci-C 24 -haloalkyl, Ci-C 24 -alkoxy,
  • R 4ia , R 46a , R473, R49a are independently of one another selected from Ci-C 24 -alkyl, Ci- C 24 -fluoroalkyl, Ci-C 24 -alkoxy, fluorine, chlorine and bromine;
  • R 4a , R 4b , R 4c are independently of one another are selected from hydrogen, Ci-C 2 o-alkyl, C 3 -C 24 -cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, heteroaryl and C 6 -C 24 -aryl;
  • X 5 is oxygen or sulfur
  • R 51 is Ci-C 24 -alkyl which is unsubstituted or substituted by one or more R 51a groups or R 51 is phenyl which is unsubstituted or carries 1 , 2, 3, 4, or 5 substituents selected from halogen, R 511 , OR 552 , NHR 552 and NR 552 R 557 ;
  • R 51a is independently of each other and independently of each occurrence selected from cyano, halogen, Cs-Cs-cycloalkyl, 3- to 8-membered heterocyclyl, aryl and heteroaryl, where Cs-Cs-cycloalkyl, 3- to 8-membered heterocyclyl, aryl and heteroaryl are unsubsti- tuted or bear one or more substituents selected from halogen, Ci-Cis-alkyl and C 1 -C 18 - haloalkyl,
  • R 52 , R 53 , R 54 , R 55 , R 56 , R 57 , R 58 and R 59 are independently of each other selected from hy- drogen, halogen, R 553 , OR 553 , NHR 553 and NR 553 R 554 ,
  • R 51 1 is selected from Ci-C 2 o-alkyl, C 6 -C 24 -aryl and heteroaryl;
  • R 552 and R 557 are independently of each other selected from Ci-Cie-alkyl, C 6 -C 24 -aryl and heteroaryl;
  • R 553 and R 554 are independently of each other selected from Ci-Cie-alkyl, C 6 -C 24 -aryl and heteroaryl;
  • X 6 is oxygen or sulfur
  • R 61 , R 62 , R 63 , R 64 , R 65 , R 66 , R 67 , R 68 , R 69 , R 610 , R 611 and R 612 are independently of each other selected from hydrogen, halogen, R 661 , OR 661 , NHR 661 and NR 661 R 662 ,
  • each R 661 is selected from Ci-Cis-alkyl, C6-C24-aryl and heteroaryl;
  • each R 662 is selected from Ci-Cis-alkyl, C6-C24-aryl and heteroaryl;
  • n7 is a number from 0 to (10-p7) for each structural unit of the formula (VII); where p7 is the number of CH units which have been replaced by nitrogen in the six-membered ring of the benzimidazole structure shown
  • X7 is a chemical bond, O, S, SO, SO2, NR 71 ;
  • R is an aliphatic radical, cycloaliphatic radical, aryl, heteroaryl, each of which may bear substituents,
  • X7 and R when n7 > one, may be the same or different;
  • R 71 is each independently hydrogen, Ci-Cis-alkyl or cycloalkyl, the carbon chain of which may comprise one or more -0-, -S-, -CO-, -SO- and/or -SO2- moieties and which may be mono- or polysubstituted; aryl or heteroaryl which may be mono- or polysubstituted;
  • R 81 , R 82 are each independently Ci-C 3 o-alkyl, C 2 -C 3 o-alkyl which is interrupted by one or more oxygen, Cs-Cs-cycloalkyl, C6-Cio-aryl, heteroaryl, C6-Cio-aryl-Ci-Cio-alkylene, where the aromatic ring in the three latter radicals is unsubstituted or mono- or polysubsti- tuted by Ci-Cio-alkyl;
  • R 92 is Ci-C 3 o-alkyl, Cs-Cs-cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, aryl-Ci-Cio-alkylene, where the ar- omatic ring in the three latter radicals is unsubstituted or mono- or polysubstituted by Ci- C 10 -alkyl
  • each R 101 independently of each other is hydrogen, Ci-C 3 o-alkyl, C 2 -C 3 o-alkyl which is in- terrupted by one or more oxygen, Cs-Cs-cycloalkyl, C6-Cio-aryl, heteroaryl, C6-Cio-aryl-Ci- Cio-alkylene, where the aromatic ring in the three latter radicals is unsubstituted or mono- or polysubstituted by Ci-Cio-alkyl;
  • R 102 is hydrogen, Ci-C 3 o-alkyl, C 2 -C 3 o-alkyl which is interrupted by one or more oxygen, C 3 -C 8 -cycloalkyl, C6-Cio-aryl, heteroaryl, C6-Cio-aryl-Ci-Cio-alkylene, where the aromatic ring in the three latter radicals is unsubstituted or mono- or polysubstituted by Ci-Cio-alkyl (B10)7-(diethylamino)-3-(6-methylbenzo[d]oxazol-2-yl)-2H-chromen-2-one;
  • each R 111 independently of each other is C 1 -C 18 alkyl, C 4 -Ce cycloalkyl, which may be mono- or polysubstituted by halogen or by linear or branched C 1 -C 18 alkyl, or phenyl or naphthyl which may be mono- or polysubstituted by halogen or by linear or branched C 1 - C18 alkyl;
  • each R 121 independently of each other is C 1 -C 18 alkyl, C 4 -C 8 cycloalkyl, which may be mono- or polysubstituted by halogen or by linear or branched C 1 -C 18 alkyl, or phenyl or naphthyl which may be mono- or polysubstituted by halogen or by linear or branched C 1 - C18 alkyl;
  • p13 is 1 , 2, 3 or 4;
  • R 131 and R 132 independently of each other are Ci-Cio-alkyl, which is unsubstituted or sub- stituted by C 6 -Cio-aryl which in turn is unsubstituted or substituted by 1 , 2 or 3 C1-C10- alkyl,
  • Cs-Cs-cycloalkyl which is unsubstituted or substituted by 1 , 2 or 3 Ci-Cio-alkyl, or C 6 -Cio-aryl which is unsubstituted or substituted by 1 , 2 or 3 Ci-Cio-alkyl;
  • each R 133 independently of each other is fluorine, chlorine, Ci-Ci 6 -alkyl, C2-Ci6-alkyl in- terrupted by one or more oxygen, Ci-Ci 6 -alkoxy, C 6 -C 10-ary I oxy which is unsubstituted or mono- or polysubstituted by fluorine, chlorine, Ci-Ci 6 -alkyl, C2-Ci6-alkyl interrupted by one or more oxygen, Ci-Ci 6 -alkoxy or C 6 -Cio-aryl, which is unsubstituted or substituted by 1 , 2 or 3 radicals selected from Ci-C 6 -alkyl, Ci-C 6 -alkoxy-Ci-C 6 -alkyl and Ci-C 6 -alkoxy, where the R 133 radicals are at the positions indicated by * ;
  • R 141 and R 142 independently of each other, are selected from hydrogen
  • Ci-C3o-alkyl in each case unsubstituted or substituted Ci-C3o-alkyl, polyalkyleneoxy, Ci-C3o-alkoxy, Ci-
  • R 1418 independently of each other, are selected from hydrogen, halogen, cyano, hydroxyl, mercapto, nitro, -NE 141 E 142 , -NR Ar141 COR A142 ,
  • Ci-C 3 o-alkyl polyalkyleneoxy, Ci-C 3 o-alkoxy, Ci- C 3 o-alkylthio, C 3 -C 2 o-cycloalkyl, C 3 -C 20 -cycloalkoxy, C 6 -C 24 -aryl, C 6 -C 24 -aryloxy and C 6 -C 24 - arylthio,
  • E 141 and E 142 are hydrogen, unsubstituted or substituted C1- Ci 8 -alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted C2-Ci8-alkenyl, unsubstituted or substituted C2-C18- alkynyl, unsubstituted or substituted C3-C2o-cycloalkyl or unsubstituted or substituted C 6 - Cio-aryl;
  • R Ar141 and R Ar142 are hydrogen, unsubstituted or sub- stituted Ci-Ci 8 -alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted C3-C2o-cycloalkyl, unsubstituted or sub- stituted heterocyclyl, unsubstituted or substituted C6-C2o-aryl or unsubstituted or substitut- ed heteroaryl;
  • p16 is 0,1 , 2, 3 or 4;
  • R 161 and R 162 independently of each other are Ci-Cio-alkyl, which is unsubstituted or sub- stituted by C 6 -Cio-aryl which in turn is unsubstituted or substituted by 1 , 2 or 3 C1-C10- alkyl,
  • Cs-Cs-cycloalkyl which is unsubstituted or substituted by 1 , 2 or 3 Ci-Cio-alkyl, or C 6 -Cio-aryl which is unsubstituted or substituted by 1 , 2 or 3 Ci-Cio-alkyl;
  • R 163 if present, independently of each other is fluorine, chlorine, Ci-Ci 6 -alkyl, C2-Ci6-alkyl interrupted by one or more oxygen, Ci-Ci 6 -alkoxy, C 6 -C 10-ary I oxy which is unsubstituted or mono- or polysubstituted by fluorine, chlorine, Ci-Ci 6 -alkyl, C2-Ci6-alkyl interrupted by one or more oxygen, Ci-Ci 6 -alkoxy or C 6 -Cio-aryl, which is unsubstituted or substituted by 1 , 2 or 3 radicals selected from Ci-C 6 -alkyl, Ci-C 6 -alkoxy-Ci-C 6 -alkyl and Ci-C 6 -alkoxy, where the R 163 radicals are at the positions indicated by * ;
  • each R 1 independently from each other is selected from the group consisting of bro- mine, chlorine, cyano, -NR a R b , Ci-C 24 -alkyl, Ci-C 24 -haloalkyl, Ci-C 24 -alkoxy, C 1 -C 24 - haloalkoxy, C 3 -C 24 -cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, heteroaryl, C 6 -C 24 -aryl, C 6 -C 24 -aryloxy, Ce- C 24 -aryl-Ci-Cio-alkylene, where the rings of cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, heteroaryl, aryl, aryloxy and-aryl-alkylene in the six last-mentioned radicals are unsubstituted or substitut- ed with 1 , 2, 3, 4 or 5 identical or different radicals R 1a and where Ci-C 24 -alkyl
  • R 2 , R 3 , R 4 and R 5 are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, chlorine, bromine and C 6 -C 24 -aryl, which carries one, two or three cyano groups; with the proviso that at least one of the radicals R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 and R 5 is C 6 -C 24 -aryl, which carries one, two or three cyano groups;
  • X is O, S, SO or SO 2 ;
  • A is a diradical selected from the group consisting of diradicals of the general formulae
  • R 6 is hydrogen, Ci-C 24 -alkyl, Ci-C 24 -haloalkyl, C 3 -C 24 -cycloalkyl, C 6 -C 24 -aryl or C 6 -C 24 - aryl-Ci-Cio-alkylene, where the rings of cycloalkyl, aryl, and aryl-alkylene in the three last- mentioned radicals are unsubstituted or substituted with 1 , 2, 3, 4 or 5 identical or different radicals R 6a , and where Ci-C 24 -alkyl, Ci-C 24 -haloalkyl and the alkylene moiety of C 6 -C 24 - aryl-Ci-Cio-alkylene may be interrupted by one or more heteroatoms or heteroatomic groups selected from the group consisting of O, S and NR C ; each R 7 independently from each other is selected from the group consisting of bromine, chlorine, cyano, -NR a R b , Ci-
  • R 1a , R 6a , R 7a , R 8a , R 9a are independently of one another selected from the group consisting of Ci-C 24 -alkyl, Ci-C 24 -fluoroalkyl, Ci-C 24 -alkoxy, fluorine, chlorine, bromine and cyano;
  • R a , R b , R c are independently of one another are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, Ci-C 2 o-alkyl, C 3 -C 24 -cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, hetaryl and C 6 -C 24 -aryl;
  • B18 a cyano-substituted BODIPY (boron-dipyrromethene) dye selected from a compound of formulae (XVI I la), (XVI Mb), (XVII lc) or mixtures thereof
  • R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 5 , R 6 and R 7 , if present, in formulae (XVIIIa), (XVII lb) and (XVIIIc) inde- pendently of each other are selected from hydrogen, Ci-C2o-alkyl or C 6 -Ci 4 -aryl-Ci-C-io- alkylene, wherein the aryl moiety in C 6 -Ci 4 -aryl-Ci-C-io-alkylene is unsubstituted or substi- tuted by k identical or different substituents R 9 ;
  • R 4a , R 4b , in formulae (XVIIIa), (XVI I lb) and (XVIIIc), independently of each other, are se- lected from fluorine, chlorine, cyano or OR 10 ,
  • R 8a in formula (XVIIIa) is Ci-C2o-alkyl
  • R 8b in formula (XVI I lb) is Ci-C2o-alkyl
  • R 8c in formula (XVIIIc) is Ci-C2o-alkyl, C 6 -Cio-aryl or C 6 -Cio-aryl-Ci-Cio-alkylene, wherein the aryl moieties in the two aforementioned radicals are unsubstituted or substituted by k identical or different substituents R 9 ;
  • k is an integer from 1 , 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6;
  • R 9 is Ci-Cio-alkyl, Ci-Cio-alkoxy, CN, halogen, phenyl or phenoxy;
  • R 10 is Ci-Cio-alkyl or hydroxy-Ci-Cio-alkyl.
  • the present invention further relates to a receiver comprising at least one organic fluorescent colorant B selected from the group consisting of B1 , B2, B3, B4, B5, B7, B8, B1 1 , B12, B13, B14, B15, B16, B17 and B18.
  • the present invention further relates to an optical data communication system comprising
  • At least one organic fluorescent colorant B selected from the group consisting of B1 ,
  • B2, B3, B4, B5, B7, B8, B1 1 , B12, B13, B14, B15, B16, B17 and B18 is present in the receiver.
  • the present invention further relates to the use of an organic fluorescent colorant B selected from the group consisting of B1 , B2, B3, B4, B5, B7, B8, B11 , B12, B13, B14, B15, B16, B17 and B18 in a luminescent collector in a receiver for an optical data communication system.
  • an organic fluorescent colorant B selected from the group consisting of B1 , B2, B3, B4, B5, B7, B8, B11 , B12, B13, B14, B15, B16, B17 and B18 in a luminescent collector in a receiver for an optical data communication system.
  • the optical data communication system comprises a receiver (R) to detect at least a part of the modulated electromagnetic radiation emitted by the transmit- ter (T).
  • the receiver (R) according to the present invention comprises a luminescent collector.
  • the optical signal is collected and converted back to electrical cur- rent.
  • a luminescent collector which is a combined system of wavelength shifting material and a detector, preferably a photodiode (PD or array of PDs), is employed in the receiver (R).
  • the present invention therefore relates to luminescent collector comprising
  • At least one organic fluorescent colorant B selected from the group consisting of B1 , B2, B3, B4, B5, B7, B8, B1 1 , B12, B13, B14, B15, B16, B17 and B18;
  • the wavelength shifting material is used instead of traditional optics to collect the modulated electromagnetic radiation or together with traditional optics to collect the modulated electromag- netic radiation.
  • the wavelength shifting materials are optical waveguides (i.e. polymeric matrix materials, wherein suitable matrix materials are described below) doped with at least one organ- ic fluorescent colorant B selected from the group consisting of B1 , B2, B3, B4, B5, B7, B8, B1 1 , B12, B13, B14, B15, B16, B17 and B18.
  • the combined system of the wavelength shifting materials comprising at least one organic fluo- rescent colorant B selected from the group consisting of B1 , B2, B3, B4, B5, B7, B8, B1 1 , B12, B13, B14, B15, B16, B17 and B18 and a detector, preferably photodiode is the luminescent col- lector according to the present invention.
  • the incident light, modulated with a communication signal i.e. the modulated electromagnetic radiation, preferably emitted by the transmitter (T)
  • a communication signal i.e. the modulated electromagnetic radiation, preferably emitted by the transmitter (T)
  • T the transmitter
  • B the at least one organic fluo- rescent colorant B selected from the group consisting of B1 , B2, B3, B4, B5, B7, B8, B1 1 , B12, B13, B14, B15, B16, B17 and B18, independently of the light incidence angle and subsequently re-emitted at a different wavelength.
  • At least a portion of the emitted light, in an ideal case all of the emitted light, is collected, for example by a fiber or a sheet, and guided by internal reflection to a detector, preferably a photodiode, more preferably a small area photodiode.
  • the wavelength shifting material comprises at least one organic fluorescent colorant B selected from the group consisting of B1 , B2, B3, B4, B5, B7, B8, B11 , B12, B13, B14, B15, B16, B17 and B18 present in a polymeric matrix.
  • organic fluorescent colorant B is molecularly dissolved in the polymeric matrix. Suitable polymeric matrix materials are mentioned in the fol lowing.
  • the concentration of the organic fluorescent colorant B selected from the group consisting of B1 , B2, B3, B4, B5, B7, B8, B1 1 , B12, B13, B14, B15, B16, B17 and B18 in the polymeric ma- trix materials of the wavelength shifting material is set as a function of the thickness of the re- DCver and the type of polymer. If a thin polymer layer is used, the concentration of the organic fluorescent colorant B is generally higher than in the case of a thick polymer layer.
  • the concentration of the organic fluorescent colorant B selected from the group con- sisting of B1 , B2, B3, B4, B5, B7, B8, B1 1 , B12, B13, B14, B15, B16, B17 and B18 is in the range from 0.0001 to 5% by weight, more preferably 0.001 to 0.5% by weight, based on the amount of matrix polymer used.
  • the organic fluorescent colorant B selected from the group consisting of B1 , B2, B3, B4, B5,
  • B7, B8, B11 , B12, B13, B14, B15, B16, B17 and B18 may be applied in the form of particles, which are usually molecularly dissolved in the polymeric matrix.
  • the organic fluorescent colorant B is dissolved in a liquid contained in a container (e.g. glass) that includes the organic fluorescent colorant B in dissolved form.
  • the wavelength shifting material may be present in form of sheets which may be curved and/or flexible, or may be composed of one or more fibers.
  • the organic fluorescent colorant B selected from the group consisting of B1 , B2, B3, B4, B5, B7, B8, B1 1 , B12, B13, B14, B15, B16, B17 and B18 is present in a poly- meric matrix.
  • the polymeric matrix for the at least one organic fluorescent colorant B selected from the group consisting of B1 , B2, B3, B4, B5, B7, B8, B11 , B12, B13, B14, B15, B16, B17 and B18 accord- ing to the present invention is preferably selected from the group consisting of polystyrene, pol- ycarbonate, polymethylmethacrylate, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polymethacrylate, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl chloride, polybutene, silicone, polyacrylate, epoxy resin, polyvinyl alcohol,
  • poly(ethylene vinylalcohol)-copolymer EVA, EVOH
  • EVA polyacrylonitrile
  • PVDC polyvinylidene chloride
  • SAN polystyrene acrylonitrile
  • PBT polybutylene terephthalate
  • PET polyethylene tereph- thalate
  • PVB polyvinyl butyrate
  • PVVC polyvinyl chloride
  • polyamides polyoxymethyl- enes
  • polyimides polyetherimides
  • 2,5-furandicarboxylate polyester UV curable or thermally curable resists like epoxy, acrylates or silicones, and mixtures thereof.
  • the polymeric matrix material comprises at least one polymer selected from polysty- rene, polymethylmethacrylate, polycarbonate, polyethylene terephthalate and mixtures thereof.
  • Polystyrene is understood here to mean, inter alia, all homo- or copolymers which result from polymerization of styrene and/or derivatives of styrene.
  • Derivatives of styrene are, for example, alkylstyrenes such as alpha-methylstyrene, ortho-, meta-, para-methylstyrene, para-butylsty- rene, especially para-tert-butylstyrene, alkoxystyrene such as para-methoxystyrene, para-bu- toxystyrene, para-tert-butoxystyrene.
  • suitable polystyrenes have a number average molecular weight M n of 10000 to 1000000 g/mol (determined by GPC), preferably 20000 to 750000 g/mol, more preferably 30000 to 500000 g/mol.
  • the polymeric matrix comprises or is a homopol- ymer of styrene or styrene derivatives. More particularly, the polymeric matrix consists of poly- styrene.
  • the polymeric matrix comprises or is a sty- rene copolymer, which is likewise regarded as polystyrene in the context of this application.
  • Styrene copolymers may comprise, as further constituents, for example, butadiene, acrylonitrile, maleic anhydride, vinylcarbazole or esters of acrylic, methacrylic or itaconic acid as monomers.
  • Suitable styrene copolymers generally comprise at least 20% by weight of styrene, preferably at least 40% and more preferably at least 60% by weight of styrene. In another embodiment, they comprise at least 90% by weight of styrene.
  • styrene copolymers are styrene-acrylonitrile copolymers (SAN) and acrylonitrile- butadiene-styrene copolymers (ABS), styrene-1 ,T-diphenylethene copolymers, acrylic ester- styrene-acrylonitrile copolymers (ASA), methyl methacrylate- acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymers (MABS).
  • a further preferred polymer is alpha-methylstyrene-acrylonitrile copolymer (AMSAN).
  • the styrene homo- or copolymers can be prepared, for example, by free-radical polymerization, cationic polymerization, anionic polymerization or under the influence of organ- ometallic catalysts (for example Ziegler-Natta catalysis). This can lead to isotactic, syndiotactic or atactic polystyrene or copolymers. They are preferably prepared by free-radical polymeriza- tion.
  • the polymerization can be performed as a suspension polymerization, emulsion polymeri- zation, solution polymerization or bulk polymerization.
  • the polymeric matrix comprises or is polyethylene tereph- thalate.
  • Polyethylene terephthalate is obtainable by condensation of ethylene glycol with tereph- thalic acid.
  • the polymeric matrix comprises or is polycarbonate.
  • Polycar- bonates are polyesters of carbonic acid with aromatic or aliphatic dihydroxyl compounds.
  • Pre- ferred dihydroxyl compounds are, for example, methylenediphenylenedihydroxyl compounds, for example bisphenol A.
  • One means of preparing polycarbonates is the reaction of suitable dihydroxyl compounds with phosgene in an interfacial polymerization.
  • Another means is the reaction with diesters of carbonic acid such as diphenyl carbonate in a condensation polymeri- zation.
  • the preparation of suitable polycarbonates is described, for example, in Elias, Macro- molecules, Weinheim 2007, p. 343-347.
  • the polymeric matrix comprises at least one 2,5-furandicar- boxylate polyester (A) obtainable by reacting (i) at least one diol selected from an aliphatic C 2 - C2o-diol and a cycloaliphatic C3-C2o-diol, with (ii) 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid and/or an ester form- ing derivative thereof and (iii) optionally at least one further dicarboxylic acid selected from 1 ,2- cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, 1 ,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, 3,4-furandicarboxylic acid, ter- ephthalic acid and 2,5-naphthalic acid and/or an ester forming derivative thereof.
  • A 2,5-furandicar- boxylate polyester
  • Suitable aliphatic C2-C2o-diols are preferably linear or branched C2-Ci5-alkanediols, especially linear or branched C2-Cio-alkanediols, such as ethane-1 ,2-diol (ethylene glycol), propane-1 ,2- diol, propane-1 ,3-diol (propylene glycol), butane-1 ,3-diol, butane-1 ,4-diol (butylene glycol), 2- methyl-1 ,3-propanediol, pentane-1 ,5-diol, 2, 2-dimethyl-1 ,3-propanediol (neopentyl glycol), hex- ane-1 ,6-diol, heptane-1 ,7-diol, octane-1 ,8-diol, nonane-1 ,9-diol
  • Suitable cycloaliphatic C 3 -C 2 0-diols are preferably C3-Cio-cycloalkylenediols, such as 1 ,2-cyclopenta- nediol, 1 ,3-cyclopentanediol, 1 ,2-cyclohexanediol, 1 ,4-cyclohexanediol, 1 ,2-cycloheptanediol or 1 ,4-cycloheptanediol.
  • Suitable cycloaliphatic C3-C2o-diols include 1 ,3-cyclohexane di- methanol and 1 ,4-cyclohexane dimethanol, or 2,2,4, 4-tetramethyl-1 ,3-cyclobutanediol, or com- binations thereof.
  • Particularly preferred diols are C2-C6-alkanediols, in particular ethane-1 ,2-diol, propane-1 ,2-diol, propane-1 ,3-diol, butane-1 ,3-diol, butane-1 ,4-diol, pentane-1 ,5-diol, 2,2- dimethyl-1 ,3-propanediol and mixtures thereof. More particularly preferred are ethane-1 ,2-diol and propane-1 ,3-diol. Especially preferred is ethane-1 ,2-diol.
  • Bio-derived C2-Cio-alkanediols es- pecially C2-C6-alkanediols, such as ethane-1 ,2-diol and propane-1 ,3- diol.
  • Bio-based ethane- 1 ,2-diol may be obtained from a ligno-cellulosic biomass source by the conversion of the carbo- hydrates therein contained.
  • Methods for preparing C2-Cio-alkanediols from biomass are known in the art, for example from US 2011/0306804.
  • the diol component (i) is made up exclusively of one diol mentioned as preferred, especially ethane-1 ,2-diol.
  • the diol component (i) may also comprise two, three or more than three different diols. If two, three or more than three different diols are used, preference is given to those mentioned above as being preferred. In this case, based on the total weight of compo- nent (i), ethane-1 ,2-diol is preferably the major component.
  • Ester forming derivatives of 2,5-furandicarboxylic acids are especially Ci-Cio-dialkyl esters of 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid.
  • Particularly preferred diesters are Ci-C 6 -dialkyl esters of 2,5-furandi- carboxylic acid, especially the dimethyl ester and diethyl ester.
  • Component (ii) may also corn- prise two, three or more than three different diesters of 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid.
  • 2,5-Furandi- carboxylic acid can be produced from bio-based sugars.
  • component (ii) is made up exclusively of 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid or of diester(s) of
  • the 2,5-furandicarboxylate polyester (A) is selected from poly(ethylene-2,5-furandi- carboxylate), poly(propylene-2,5-furandicarboxylate), poly(ethylene-co- propylene-2, 5-furandi- carboxylate), poly(butylene-2,5-furandicarboxylate), poly(pentylene-2,5-furandicarboxylate), poly(neopentylene-2,5-furandicarboxylate) and mixtures thereof.
  • the polymeric matrix material for use in combination with the frequency converter is selected from the group consisting of poly(ethylene-2,5-furandicarboxylate), poly(trimethylene-
  • the poly- meric matrix material for use in combination with the frequency converter is poly(ethylene-2,5- furandicarboxylate).
  • the polymeric matrix material for use in combination with the frequency converter comprises a mixture (blend) of different 2,5-furandicarboxylate polyesters (A) as defined above, for example, a blend of poly(ethylene-2,5-furandicarboxylate) and poly(propylene-2,5-furandicarboxylate)
  • Poly(propylene-2,5-furandicarboxylate) is also referred to as poly(trimethylene-2,5- furandicarboxylate); poly(butylene-2,5-furandicarboxylate) is also referred to as
  • poly(tetramethylene-2,5-furan-dicarboxylate), poly(pentylene-2,5-furandicarboxylate) is also referred to as poly(pentamethylene-2,5-furan-dicarboxylate).
  • 2,5-furandicarboxylate polyesters (A) obtainable by reacting at least one diol component (i) as defined above, component (ii) as defined above and at least one further diacid or diester component (iii) selected from 1 ,2-cyclohexane-dicarboxylic acid, 1 ,4-cyclohe- xanedicarboxylic acid, 3,4-furandicarboxylic acid, terephthalic acid and 2,6-naphthalic acid and/or an ester forming derivative thereof.
  • Ester forming derivatives of 1 ,2-cyclohexanedicar- boxylic acid, 1 ,3-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, 3,4-furandicarboxylic acid, terephthalic acid and 2,5-naphthalic acid are especially the Ci-Cio-dialkyl ester.
  • Particularly preferred esters are Ci- C 6 -dialkyl ester, especially the dimethyl ester and diethyl ester.
  • component (ii) is usually the major component based on the total weight of component (ii) and (iii).
  • Examples are poly(ethylene-2,5-furandicarboxylate-co- 1 ,2-cyclohexanedicarboxylate), poly(ethylene-2,5-furandicarboxylate-co-1 ,4-cyclohexanedicar- boxylate), poly(ethylene-2,5-furandicarboxylate-co-terephthalate), poly(ethylene-2,5-furandicar- boxylate-co-2,5-naphthalate) or poly(ethylene-2,5-furandicarboxylate-co-3,4-furandicarboxyla- te), preferably poly(ethylene-2,5-furandicarboxylate-co-terephthalate), poly(ethylene-2,5-furandi- carboxylate-co-2,6-naphthalate) or poly(ethylene-2,5-furandicarboxylate-co-3,4-furandicarboxy- late.
  • the 2,5-furandicarboxylate polyester (A) can be prepared as described in US 2,551 ,731.
  • polymers which have been polymerized with exclusion of oxygen are used.
  • the monomers during the polymerization comprised a total of not more than 1000 ppm of oxygen, more preferably not more than 100 ppm and especially preferably not more than 10 ppm.
  • polymeric matrix materials are also UV curable or thermally curable resists like epoxy, acrylates or silicones.
  • suitable polymers are optically transparent polymers. In another embodiment, suitable polymers are opaque polymers.
  • optically transparent means completely optically transparent as well semi-transparent. Therefore, optically transparent means that at least 30% of the incident light enter through the polymer, preferably 30% to 100%, more preferably at least 50%, even more preferably 50% to 100%, most preferably at least 80%, even more most pref- erably 80% to 100%.
  • the transparency (light transmission) of at least 30%, preferably 30% to 100%, more preferably at least 50%, even more preferably 50% to 100%, most preferably at least 80%, even more most preferably 80% to 100% is preferably determined as light transmission TL (380-780nm) based on EN 410.
  • Opaque polymers do not allow transmission of light waves. In other words, one cannot see through an opaque polymer. Opacity occurs because of the reflection of light waves off the sur- face of a polymer.
  • Suitable matrix polymers may comprise, as further constituents, additives, such as flame retard- ants, antioxidants, light stabilizers, UV absorbers, free-radical scavengers, antistats. Stabilizers of this kind are known to those skilled in the art.
  • Suitable antioxidants or free-radical scavengers are, for example, phenols, especially sterically hindered phenols, such as butylhydroxyanisole (BHA) or butylhydroxytoluene (BHT), or sterical- ly hindered amines (HALS). Stabilizers of this kind are sold, for example, by BASF under the Irganox ® trade name. In some cases, antioxidants and free-radical scavengers can be supple- mented by secondary stabilizers, such as phosphites or phosphonites, as sold, for example, by BASF under the Irgafos ® trade name.
  • secondary stabilizers such as phosphites or phosphonites
  • UV absorbers are, for example, benzotriazoles, such as 2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-2H-ben- zotriazole (BTZ), triazines, such as (2-hydroxyphenyl)-s-triazine (HPT), hydroxybenzophenones (BP) or oxalanilides. UV absorbers of this kind are sold, for example, by BASF under the Uvi- nul ® trade name.
  • suitable matrix polymers do not comprise any anti- oxidants or free-radical scavengers.
  • the wavelength shifting material additionally comprises at least one scatter- ing body.
  • the wavelength shifting material is additionally employed with at least one inorganic white pigment as a scattering body.
  • Suitable scattering bodies are inorganic white pigments, for example titanium dioxide, barium sulfate, lithopone, zinc oxide, zinc sulfide, calcium carbonate with a mean particle size to DIN 13320 of 0.01 to 10 pm, preferably 0.1 to 1 pm, more preferably 0.15 to 0.4 pm, especially scat- tering bodies based on T1O2.
  • Scattering bodies are included in a composition
  • a dye comprising at least one or- ganic fluorescent colorant B selected from the group consisting of B1 , B2, B3, B4, B5, B7, B8, B11 , B12, B13, B14, B15, B16, B17 and B18, at least one polymeric matrix and at least one scattering body typically in an amount of 0.01 to 10% by weight, preferably 0.05 to 5% by weight, more preferably 0.1 to 2% by weight, based in each case on the polymeric matrix.
  • suitable light scattering organic agents include those based on poly(acrylates); poly (alkyl methacrylates), for example poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA); poly (tetrafluoroeth- ylene) (PTFE); silicone-based scattering agents, for example hydrolyzed poly(alkyl trialkoxysila- nes), and mixtures thereof.
  • the size of these light scattering agents is usually in the range from 0.5 to 50 pm, preferably 1 to 10 pm.
  • Useful scattering agents are for example a mixture of PMMA based scattering agent and sili cone base scattering agent. Also suitable are light-scattering compositions which contain poly- meric particles based on vinyl acrylate with a core/shell morphology in combination with T1O2 as described in EP-A 634 445.
  • the at least one scattering agent is a poly(methyl meth- acrylate)-based scattering agent, silicone-based scattering agent or Ti02.
  • the wavelength shifting material may optionally comprise further constituents, such as a back- ing layer.
  • Backing layers serve to impart mechanical stability to the wavelength shifting material.
  • the type of material for the backing layers is not crucial, provided that it is transparent and has the de- sired mechanical strength.
  • Suitable materials for backing layers are, for example, glass or transparent rigid organic polymers, such as polycarbonate, polystyrene or polymethacrylates or polymethyl methacrylates.
  • Backing layers generally have a thickness of 0.1 mm to 10 mm, preferably 0.2 mm to 5 mm, more preferably 0.3 mm to 2 mm.
  • the wavelength shifting material has at least one barrier layer against oxygen and/or water, as disclosed in WO 2012/152812.
  • suitable bar- rier materials for barrier layers are, for example, glass, quartz, metal oxides, S1O2, a multilayer system composed of alternating layers of M 2 O 3 and S1O2 layers, titanium nitride, Si0 2 /metal oxide multilayer materials, polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC), liquid crystal polymers (LCP), polystyrene-acrylonitrile (SAN), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polybutylene naphthalate (PBN), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), polyvinyl butyrate (PBT), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyamides, polyoxymethylenes, poly- imides, polyetherimides, epoxy resins, polymers which derive from ethylene-vinyl a
  • a preferred material for barrier layers is glass or a multilayer system composed of alternating layers of AIO3 and S1O2 layers.
  • suitable barrier layers have low permeability for oxygen.
  • suitable barrier layers have low permeability for oxygen and water.
  • the preparation of the wavelength shifting material is generally known by a person skilled in the art.
  • the wavelength shifting material is formed by extrusion, fibre drawing, printing, coating or molding.
  • the luminescent collector comprises at least one colorant B selected from the group consisting of B1 , B2, B3, B4, B5, B7, B8, B11 , B12, B13, B14, B15, , B16, B17, B18 and mixtures thereof.
  • the luminescent collector comprises one or two organic fluorescent colorants B se- lected from the group consisting of B1 , B2, B3, B4, B5, B7, B8, B1 1 , B12, B13, B14, B15, B16, B17 and B18, more preferably one colorant B selected from the group consisting of B1 , B2, B3, B4, B5, B7, B8, B1 1 , B12, B13, B14, B15, B16, B17 and B18.
  • Naphthoylbenzimidazole compounds of formula (I) are known from EP 17151931.7. Corn- pounds of formula (I) are usually yellow fluorescent compounds.
  • R 3 and R 4 are each independently hydrogen, phenyl, phenyl which carries 1 or 2 cyano groups or phenyl which carries 1 , 2 or 3 substituents selected from Ci-Cio-alkyl;
  • R 7 , R 8 , R 9 and R 10 are each independently hydrogen, phenyl, phenyl which carries 1 or 2 cyano groups or phenyl which carries 1 , 2 or 3 substituents selected from Ci-Cio-alkyl.
  • R 8 and R 10 have the same meaning.
  • R 7 and R 9 have the same meaning.
  • R 8 and R 10 have the same meaning and R 7 and R 9 have the same meaning.
  • R 7 and R 9 have the same meaning and are hydrogen.
  • a particular preferred embodiment of the invention relates to compounds of formula (l-A), wherein
  • R 3 and R 4 are each independently selected from hydrogen, phenyl, phenyl which carries 1 or 2 cyano groups and phenyl which carries 1 , 2 or 3 Ci-Cio-alkyl substituents; in particular hy- drogen, phenyl or phenyl which carries 1 cyano group;
  • R 7 is hydrogen
  • R 8 is phenyl, phenyl which carries 1 or 2 cyano groups or phenyl which carries 1 , 2 or 3 Ci- Cio-alkyl substituents;
  • R 9 is hydrogen
  • R 10 is phenyl, phenyl which carries 1 or 2 cyano groups or phenyl which carries 1 , 2 or 3 Ci- Cio-alkyl substituents.
  • R 8 is 4-cyanophenyl.
  • R 10 is 4-cyanophenyl.
  • a more particular preferred embodiment of the invention relates to compounds of formula (l-A), wherein
  • R 3 is phenyl, phenyl which carries 1 cyano group; or phenyl which carries 1 substituent se- lected from Ci-Cio-alkyl;
  • R 4 is hydrogen
  • R 8 and R 10 are each phenyl which carries 1 cyano group
  • R 7 and R 9 are each hydrogen.
  • R 3 is phenyl which carries 1 cyano group
  • a further especially preferred embodiment of the invention relates to compounds of formula (I- A), wherein
  • R 4 is phenyl, phenyl which carries 1 cyano group or phenyl which carries 1 substituent se- lected from Ci-Cio-alkyl; in particular phenyl which carries 1 cyano group;
  • R 8 and R 10 are each phenyl which carries 1 cyano group
  • R 7 and R 9 are each hydrogen.
  • Examples of preferred compounds of formula (l-A) are the compounds of formulae (I-A.1 ), (I-A.2) (I-A.3) and (I-A.4)
  • Organic fluorescent colorant (B2) Cyanated naphthoylbenzimidazole compound of formula (II) are known from WO 2015/019270. Compounds of formula (II) are usually green, yellow-green or yellow fluorescent dyes. With re- gard to the use in the optical receiver of the present invention, the compound (II) is preferably selected from a compound of formula (I l-A)
  • R 23 and R 24 are each independently cyano, phenyl, 4-cyanophenyl or phenyl which carries 1 , 2 or 3 substituents selected from Ci-Cio-alkyl, especially cyano, phenyl or 4-cyanophenyl;
  • R 27 , R 28 , R 29 and R 210 are each independently hydrogen, cyano, phenyl, 4-cyanophenyl or phe- nyl which carries 1 , 2 or 3 substituents selected from Ci-Cio-alkyl, especially hydrogen, cyano, phenyl or 4-cyanophenyl.
  • Compounds of formula (III) are known from WO 2015/169935. Compounds of formula (III) are usually yellow or yellow-green fluorescent dyes. With regard to the use in the optical receiver of the present invention, the compound of formula (III) encompass the following compounds of formulae (lll-a) and (lll-b) as well as compounds of formulae (lll-c) and (llll-d):
  • R 31 , R 32 , R 33 , R 34 , R 35 , R 36 , R 37 , R 38 , Z 3 and Z 3* are each as defined above.
  • compounds of formula (III) selected from compounds of formulae (ill-1), (HI-2), (III-3), (MI-4), (ill-5), (ill-6), (ill-7), (MI-8), (MI-9), (111-10), (111-11), (111-12), (111-13), (111-14), (111-15), (111-16), (111-17), (111-18), (111-19), (ill-20)
  • Z 3 is selected from Ci-C 6 -alkyl, Ci-C 6 -alkoxycarbonyl, phenyl, and phenyl bearing 1 , 2 or 3 Ci-C 4 -alkyl groups;
  • Z 3* is selected from Ci-C 6 -alkyl, Ci-C 6 -alkoxycarbonyl, phenyl, and phenyl bearing 1 , 2 or 3 Ci-C 4 -alkyl groups. In a special embodiment Z 3* has the same meaning as Z 3 .
  • R 2 , R 3 , R 6 and R 7 substituents are hydrogen
  • Organic fluorescent colorant (B4) one of the R 2 , R 3 , R 6 and R 7 substituents is cyano.
  • Organic fluorescent colorant (B4) one of the R 2 , R 3 , R 6 and R 7 substituents is cyano.
  • Cyanated compounds of formula (IV) are subject-matter of WO 2016/151068.
  • Compounds of formula (IV) are usually yellow or yellow-green fluorescent dyes.
  • the compound of formula (IV) is preferably a com- pound, wherein X 40 is O.
  • compounds of formula (IV), wherein X 40 is S are also preferred. Prefer- rence is given to the compounds specified in WO 2016/151068 on page 24, line 10 to page 34, line 4.
  • compounds of formula (IV) are especially preferred, wherein A is a radical of for- mula (A.2).
  • A is a radical of for- mula (A.2).
  • Compounds of formula (IV), where A is a radical of formula (A.2) are also referred to as compounds of formula (IV-A.2),
  • X 40 , R 41 , R 42 , R 43 , R 44 , R 45 and R 46 are as defined above.
  • R 46 is preferably selected from hydrogen, linear C1-C24- alkyl, branched C3-C24-alkyl, C 6 -Cio-aryl and C 6 -Cio-aryl-Ci-Cio-alkylene, where the aryl ring in the two last mentioned moieties is unsubstituted or substituted with 1 , 2, 3, 4 or 5 identical or different radicals R 46a .
  • R 46 is selected from linear Ci-C24-alkyl, a radical of formula (B.1 ) and a radical of formula (B.2)
  • R d and R e in the formula (B.1 ), independently from each other are selected from Ci-C23-alkyl, where the sum of the carbon atoms of the R d and R e radicals is an integer from 2 to 23;
  • R f , R9 and R h in the formula (B.2) are independently selected from Ci- to C2o-alkyl, where the sum of the carbon atoms of the R f , Rs and R h radicals is an integer from 3 to 23.
  • Preferred radicals of formula (B.1 ) are: 1 -methylethyl, 1 -methylpropyl, 1 -methylbutyl, 1 - methylpentyl, 1 -methylhexyl, 1 -methylheptyl, 1 -methyloctyl, 1 -ethylpropyl , 1 -ethylbutyl, 1 - ethylpentyl, 1 -ethylhexyl, 1 -ethyl heptyl, 1 -ethyloctyl, 1 -propylbutyl, 1 -propyl pentyl, 1 -propylhexyl, 1 -propylheptyl, 1 -propyloctyl, 1 -butyl pentyl, 1 -butylhexyl, 1 -butyl heptyl, 1 -butyloctyl,
  • a particularly preferred radical of formula (B.2) is tert. -butyl.
  • R 46 is a radical of formula (C.1 ), a radical of formula (C.2) or a radical of formula (C.3)
  • Ci-Cio-alkylene group which may be interrupted by one or more non- adjacent groups selected from -O- and -S-,
  • y is O or l
  • R' is independently of one another selected from Ci-C24-alkyl, Ci-C24-fluoroalkyl, fluorine, chlorine or bromine,
  • R k is independently of one another selected from Ci-C24-alkyl
  • x in formulae C.2 and C.3 is 1 , 2, 3, 4 or 5.
  • y is 0, i.e. the variable B is absent.
  • R' is preferably selected from Ci-C24-alkyl, more preferably line ar Ci-Cio-alkyl or branched C3-Cio-alkyl, especially isopropyl.
  • R k is preferably selected from Ci-C3o-alkyl, more preferably linear Ci-Cio-alkyl or branched C3-C10- alkyl.
  • the variable x in formulae C.2 and C.3 is preferably 1 , 2 or 3.
  • a special group of embodiments relates to compounds of formula (IV-A.2), wherein the varia- bles m4, X 40 , R 41 , R 42 , R 43 , R 44 , and R 45 independently of each other or in particular in combina- tion, have the following meanings:
  • X 40 is O or S
  • R 42 and R 44 are each cyano
  • R 43 and R 45 are each hydrogen or one of R 43 and R 45 is bromine and the other of R 43 and R 45 is hydrogen;
  • R 41 is selected from cyano, bromine, and phenyl which is unsubstituted or carries 1 or 2 radi- cals selected from Ci-C4-alkyl;
  • R 46 is selected from hydrogen, Ci-C24-linear alkyl, branched C3-C24-alkyl, a radical of formula
  • m4 is 0 or 1.
  • X 40 is O or S
  • R 42 and R 44 are each cyano
  • R 43 and R 45 are each hydrogen
  • R 41 is selected from cyano, bromine, and phenyl which is unsubstituted or carries 1 or 2 radi- cals selected from Ci-C4-alkyl; especially cyano;
  • R 46 is selected from linear Ci-C24-alkyl, branched C3-C24-alkyl, a radical of formula (C.1 ), a radical of formula (C.2) and a radical of formula (C.3); especially linear Ci-C24-alkyl, branched C3-C24-alkyl, or phenyl which carries 1 or 2 radicals selected from Ci-C4-alkyl such as 2,6-diisopropylphenyl;
  • m4 is 0 or 1.
  • organic fluorescent colorant (B4) is selected from compounds IV-A.2-1 , IV-A.2-6 and IV-A.2-9.
  • Benzoxanthene compounds of formula (V) are known from WO 2014/131628. Suitable corn- pounds are depicted in in Fig. 2A, FIG. 2B and FIG. 2C of WO 2014/131628. They are usually yellow or yellow-green fluorescent dyes.
  • Benzothioxanthene compounds of formula (V) are known for example from US 3,357,985. Preferred are benzothioxanthene compounds of formula (V), wherein X 5 is O or S, R 51 is Ci-C24-alkyl and R 52 - R 59 are hydrogen. Preferably, R 51 is O Q - C 2 o-alkyl.
  • Benzimidazoxanthenisoquinoline compounds of formula (VIA) and (VI B) are known from WO 2015/062916. Suitable compounds are depicted at page 3, line 24 to page 8, line 24, especially FIG.3A, FIG.3B, FIG.3C of WO 2015/062916.
  • the compound having a structural unit of formula (VII) is known from WO 2012/168395. In gen- eral, they are yellow fluorescent dyes. With regard to the use in the optical receiver of the pre- sent invention, the compound having a structural unit of formula (VII) is preferably a compound as specified in WO 2012/168395, at page 28, Iine14 to page 32, line 5.
  • the compound having a structural unit of formula (VII) is more preferably selected from compounds of formulae (VI 1-1 ), (VII-2), (VII-3), (VII-4), (VII-5), (VII-6), (VII-7), (VII-8), (VII-9), (VII-10), (VII-1 1 ), (VII-12), (VII-13), (VI 1-14) , (VI 1-15), (VI 1-16), (VII-17), (VII-18), (VII-19), (VII-20), (VII-21 ), (VII-22), (VII-23), (VII-24),
  • VII-36 (VII-37), (VII-38), (VII-39), (VII-40), (VII-41 ), (VII-42), (VII-43), (VII-44), (VII-45), (VII-46),
  • n7 is a number from 0, 1 , 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10;
  • R 71 is independently hydrogen, Ci-Ci 8 -alkyl or cycloalkyl, the carbon chain of which may corn- prise one or more -0-, -S-, -CO-, -SO- and/or -SO2- moieties and which may be mono- or polysubstituted;
  • aryl or heteroaryl which may be mono- or polysubstituted.
  • Perylene imide compounds of formula (VIII) and (IX) are well known in the art, e.g. from
  • R 81 and R 82 are a linear or branched C1-C18 alkyl radical, a C4-C8 cycloalkyl radical which may be mono- or polysubstituted by halogen or by line- ar or branched C1-C18 alkyl, or phenyl or naphthyl which may be mono- or polysubstituted by halogen or by linear or branched C1 - C18 alkyl.
  • R 81 and R 82 have the same meaning.
  • R 81 and R 82 in formula (VIII) represent compounds with what is called swal- lowtail substitution, as specified in WO 2009/037283 A1 at page 16 line 19 to page 25 line 8.
  • R 81 and R 82 independently of each other, are a 1 -alkylalkyl, for exam- pie 1 -ethylpropyl, 1 -propylbutyl, 1 -butyl pentyl, 1 -pentylhexyl or 1 -hexylheptyl.
  • organic fluorescent colorant (B8) is selected from compounds (VI 11-1 )
  • x8 is 1 , 2 or 3
  • y8 is 1 , 2 or 3
  • R 181 is Ci-C 4 -alkyl
  • R 182 is Ci-C 4 -alkyl.
  • x8 is 2.
  • y8 is 2.
  • R 181 and R 182 are selected from isopropyl and tert-butyl.
  • a preferred compound of formula (VIII) is N,N'-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)-3,4,9,10- perylenetetracarboxylic diimide.
  • Suitable 9-cyano substituted perylene-3,4-dicarboxylic acid monoimides of formula (IX) are preferably those, wherein R 92 is a linear or branched C1-C18 alkyl radical, a C 4 -Cs cycloalkyl rad- ical which may be mono- or polysubstituted by halogen or by linear or branched C1-C18 alkyl, or phenyl or naphthyl which may be mono- or polysubstituted by halogen or by linear or branched C1 _ C18 alkyl.
  • R 92 in formula IX represents compounds with what is called swallowtail substitution, as specified in WO 2009/037283 A1 at page 16 line 19 to page 25 line 8.
  • R 92 is a 1 -alkylalkyl, for example 1 -ethylpropyl, 1 -propylbutyl, 1 -butylpentyl, 1 -pentylhexyl or 1 -hexyl heptyl.
  • R 92 is 2,4-di(tert-butyl)phenyl 2,6-diisopropylphenyl or 2,6-di(tert- butyl)phenyl.
  • R 92 is 2,6-diisopropylphenyl.
  • 4-Amino-substituted naphthalimide compounds of formula (X) are known in the art. Suitable 4- amino substituted naphthalimide compounds of formula (X) are preferably those, wherein R 101 is linear or branched Ci-Cio-alkyl, C2-Cio-alkyl which is interrupted by one or more oxygen, or C3- Ce-cycloalkyl. R 102 is preferably hydrogen. A suitable compound of formula (X) is 4-(butylamino)- N-butyl-1 ,8-naphthalimide. Likewise preferably, R 102 is linear or branched Ci-Cio-alkyl. The compounds of formula (X) can be synthesized in two steps.
  • the first step may be the condensa- tion of 4-chloro-1 ,8-naphthalic anhydride with amines in a solvent such as 1 ,4-dioxane or 2- methoxyethanol under reflux yielding the corresponding 4-chloro-1 ,8-naphthalimides.
  • the sec- ond step involves the substitution of the chlorine atom with aliphatic primary or secondary amines.
  • Compounds of formulae (XIA) and (XI B) are known from US 5,470,502. They are usually yellow fluorescent dyes.
  • Preferred are compounds of formulae (XIA) and (XIB), wherein R 111 is linear Ci-Cio-alkyl or branched C3-Cio-alkyl.
  • R 111 is linear Ci-Cio-alkyl or branched C3-Cio-alkyl.
  • Preferred examples are diisobutyl-3, 9- perylenedicarboxylate, diisobutyl-3,10-perylenedicarboxylate and mixtures thereof.
  • Especially preferred is a mixture of diisobutyl-3, 9-perylenedicarboxylate and diisobutyl-3,10- perylenedicarboxylate.
  • Compounds of formulae (XI IA) and (XIIB) are known from US 5,470,502. They are usually yel- low fluorescent dyes. Preferred are compounds of formulae (XI IA) and (XIIB), wherein R 121 is linear Ci-Cio-alkyl or branched C3-Cio-alkyl. Preferred examples are diisobutyl 4,10- dicyanoperylene-3,9-dicarboxylate and diisobutyl 4,9-dicyanoperylene-3,10-dicarboxylate and mixtures thereof. Especially preferred is a mixture of diisobutyl 4,10-dicyanoperylene-3,9- dicarboxylate and diisobutyl 4,9-dicyanoperylene-3,10-dicarboxylate.
  • Suitable examples of compounds of formula (XIII) are for example the perylene derivatives specified in WO 2007/006717, especially at page 1 , line 5 to page 22, line 6; in US 4,845,223, especially col. 2, line 54 to col. 6, line 54; in WO 2014, especially at page 3, line 20 to page 9, line 1 1 ; in EP3072887; and in EP16192617.5, especially at page 35, line 34 to page 37, line 29.
  • the compounds of formula (XIII) are usually orange or red fluorescent colorants.
  • R 131 and R 132 are each independently selected from Ci- Cio-alkyl, 2,6-di(Ci-Cio-alkyl)aryl and 2,4-di(Ci-Cio-alkyl)aryl. More preferably, R 131 and R 132 are identical. Very particularly, R 131 and R 132 are each 2,6-diisopropylphenyl or 2,4-di-fe/ - butylphenyl. R 133 is preferably phenoxy, which is unsubstituted or substituted by 1 or 2 identical or different substituents selected from fluorine, chlorine, Ci-Cio-alkyl and phenyl. Preferably, P13 is 2, 3 or 4, in particular 2 or 4.
  • the compounds of formula (XIII) can be prepared in analogy to the methods described for ex- ample in WO 2007/006717, US 4,845,223, EP3072887 and WO 2014/122549.
  • Suitable organic fluorescent colorants B13 are, for example, N,N'-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)- 1 ,6,7,12-tetraphenoxyperylene-3,4:9,10-tetracarboximide, N,N’-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)-1 ,7- di(2,6-diisopropylphenoxy)perylene-3,4:9,10-tetracarboximide, N,N’-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)- 1 ,6-di(2,6-diisopropylphenoxy)perylene-3,4:9,10-tetracarboximide, N,N'-bis(2,6- diisopropylphenyl)-1 ,7-di(p-tert-octylphenoxy)perylene-3,4;9,10-tetracarboximide, N,N'-
  • the organic fluorescent colorant (B13) is selected from compounds (XI 11-1 ), (XIII-2), (XIII-3) and (XIII-4)
  • Compounds of formula (XIV) are subject matter of WO 2017/121833. Compounds of formula (IV) are usually orange or red fluorescent colorants. Preference is given to compounds of formu- la (XIV), where R 141 and R 142 are, independently of each other, selected from phenyl which is unsubstituted or substituted by 1 , 2 or 3 CrCe-alkyl; and R 143 , R 144 , R 145 , R 146 , R 147 , R 148 , R 149 , R 141Q , R 1441 , R 1412 , R 1413 , R 1444 , R 1415 , R 1416 , R 1417 and R 1418 are each hydrogen.
  • the compound of formula (XIV) as defined above is preferably
  • the compound of formula (XIV) can be prepared by reacting the appropriate chlorinated or brominated perylene bisimide of formula (XlVa)
  • Hal is in each case bromine or in each case chlorine; and R 141 and R 142 are as defined above; with a 2,2'-biphenol compound of formula (XlVb) and, if appropriate, an 2,2'-biphenol compound of formula (XIVc)
  • R143 R144 R145 R146 R147 R148 R149 R1410 R1411 R1412 R1413, R1414, R1415, R1416 f R1417 a n d R1418 are as defined above.
  • the 2,2'-biphenol of formula (XIVc) may also be as defined for the 2,2'-biphenol of formula (XIVc) (if only one 2,2'-biphenol of formula (XlVb) is used for halogen replacement reaction).
  • Organic fluorescent colorant (B15) Suitable examples of compounds of formula (XV) are for example the compounds as specified in WO 2016/026863, especially at page 6, line 32 to page 18, line 26. Especially preferred are the compounds 2455, 2452, 2517 and 2440 of WO 2016/026863. Suitable examples of corn- pounds of formula (XV) are also the compounds as specified in EP 3101087, especially [0059] - [0078]
  • organic fluorescent colorant (B15) is a compound of the formula (XV-1 )
  • the organic fluorescent colorant (B16) is selected from corn- pounds (XVI-1 )
  • x161 is 1 , 2 or 3,
  • y162 is 1 , 2 or 3,
  • R 161 is Ci-C4-alkyl
  • R 162 is Ci-C 4 -alkyl.
  • x161 is 2.
  • y162 is 2.
  • R 161 and R 162 are selected from isopro- pyl and tert-butyl.
  • organic fluorescent colorant (B16) is selected from corn- pounds (XVI-2)
  • x161 is 1 , 2 or 3,
  • y162 is 1 , 2 or 3,
  • R 161 is Ci-C4-alkyl
  • R 162 is Ci-C 4 -alkyl.
  • x161 is 2.
  • y162 is 2.
  • R 161 and R 162 are selected from isopro- pyl and tert-butyl.
  • Preferred compounds according to the invention are compounds of formula I, wherein R 2 , R 3 , R 4 and R 5 are selected from the group consisting of the group consisting of hydrogen and C6-C10- aryl, which carries one, two or three cyano groups.
  • R 2 and R 4 are selected from the group consisting of C6-Cio-aryl, which carries one, two or three cyano groups.
  • Particularly preferred R 2 and R 4 are each phenyl, which carries one, two or three cyano groups, especially one or two cyano group(s).
  • Particularly preferred R 3 and R 5 are each hydrogen.
  • variable A in the compounds of formula I is a diradical of the formula A.1.
  • variable A in the compounds of for- mula I is a diradical of the formula A.2.
  • R 6 is preferably selected from the group consisting of the group consisting of hydrogen, linear Ci-C24-alkyl, branched C3-C24-alkyl, C 6 -Cio-aryl and C 6 -Cio-aryl-Ci-Cio-alkylene, where the aryl ring in the two last mentioned moie- ties is unsubstituted or substituted with 1 , 2, 3, 4 or 5 identical or different radicals R 6a . More preferably, R 6 is selected from the group consisting of linear Ci-C24-alkyl, a radical of the formu- la (B.1 ), a radical of the formula (B.2) and a radical (B.3)
  • # represents the bonding site to the nitrogen atom
  • R d and R e in the formula (B.1 ), independently from each other are selected from the group con- sisting of Ci-C22-alkyl, where the sum of the carbon atoms of the R d and R e radicals is an integer from 2 to 23;
  • R f , R9 and R h in the formula (B.2) are independently selected from the group consisting of Ci- to C2i-alkyl, where the sum of the carbon atoms of the R f , Rs and R h radicals is an integer from 3 to 23;
  • R' and R k in the formula (B.3) are independently selected from the group consisting of Ci- to C2i-alkyl, where the sum of the carbon atoms of the R' and R k radicals is an integer from 2 to 22.
  • R 6 is linear C6-C24-alkyl.
  • specific examples of R 6 are n-hexyl, n-heptyl, n- octyl, n-nonyl, n-decyl, n-undecyl, n-dodecyl, n-tridecyl, n-tetradecyl, n-pentadecyl, n-hexadecyl, n-heptadecyl, n-octadecyl, n-nonadecyl, n-eicosyl, n-uneicosyl, n-docosyl.
  • variable A in the compounds of formula I is a diradical of the formula A.3.
  • n in formula A.3 is preferably zero, one or two.
  • R 7 if present, is preferably selected from the group consisting of cyano, bromine and phe- nyl which is unsubstituted or carries 1 or 2 radicals selected from the group consisting of C1-C4- alkyl.
  • variable A in the compounds of formula I is a diradical of the formula A.4.
  • o and p in formula A.4 are preferably zero, i.e. R 8 and R 9 are both absent.
  • the sum of o and p is 1 , 2, 3 or 4.
  • R 8 and R 9 are, independently of each other, preferably selected from the group consisting of cyano, bromine, chlorine, Ci-C4-alkyl, Ci-C4-alkoxy, Ci-C4-haloalkyl, phenyl and phenyloxy, wherein phenyl in the two last mentioned radicals is unsubstituted or carries 1 , 2 or 3 substituents selected from the group consisting of Ci-Cio-alkyl.
  • the cyano-substituted BODIPY (boron-dipyrromethene) dye selected from a compound of for- mulae (XVI I la), (XVI Mb), (XVII lc) or mixtures thereof (B18) is disclosed in EP18179281.3, filed June 22, 2018 with the title“Photostable green cyano-substituted boron-dipyrromethene dye for display and illumination application”.
  • the luminescent collector may comprise a plurality of organic fluorescent colorants (B) as de- fined above, for example from 1 , 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 or more than 10.
  • the lumi- nescent collector comprises one or two organic fluorescent colorants (B), more preferably one organic fluorescent colorant (B).
  • organic fluorescent colorants (B) are selected from the following compounds and mixtures thereof: 61
  • halogen denotes in each case fluorine, bromine, chlorine or iodine, particularly chlorine, bromide or iodine.
  • aliphatic radical refers to an acyclic saturat- ed or unsaturated, straight-chain or branched hydrocarbon radical. Usually the aliphatic radical has 1 to 100 carbon atoms. Examples for an aliphatic radical are alkyl, alkenyl and alkynyl.
  • cycloaliphatic radical refers to a cyclic, non- aromatic saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon radical having usually 3 to 20 ring carbon at- oms. Examples are cycloalkanes, cycloalkenes, and cycloalkynes.
  • the cycloaliphatic radical may also comprise heteroatoms or heteroatom groups selected from N, O, S and SO2.
  • alkyl as used herein and in the alkyl moieties of alkoxy, alkylthio, alkylsulfinyl, alkyl- sulfonyl, alkylamino, dialkylamino, alkylcarbonyl, alkoxycarbonyl and the like refers to saturated straight-chain or branched hydrocarbon radicals having usually 1 to 100 ("Ci-Cioo-alkyl"), 1 to 30 (“Ci-C 3 o-alkyl”),1 to 18 (“Ci-Cie-alkyl”), 1 to 12 (“Ci-Ci 2 -alkyl”), 1 to 8 (“Ci-C 8 -alkyl”) or 1 to 6 (“Ci-C 6 -alkyl”) carbon atoms.
  • Alkyl is preferably Ci-C3o-alkyl, more preferably Ci-C2o-alkyl.
  • alkyl groups are especially methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, sec- butyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, 1 -methylbutyl, 1 -ethylpropyl, neo-pentyl, n-hexyl, 1 -methylpentyl, 2-methylpentyl, 1 -ethylbutyl, 2-ethylbutyl, n-heptyl, 1 -methylhexyl, 2-methylhexyl, 1 -ethylpentyl, 1 -propylbutyl, 2-ethylpentyl, n-octyl, 1 -methylheptyl, 2-methylheptyl, 1 -ethy
  • Substituted alkyl groups depending on the length of the alkyl chain, have one or more (e.g. 1 ,
  • substituents are preferably each independently of each other selected from unsubstituted or substituted cycloalkyl, unsubstituted or substituted cycloalkyloxy, unsubstituted or substituted cycloalkylthio, unsubstituted or substituted heterocycloalkyl, unsub- stituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted aryloxy, unsubstituted or substituted arylthio, unsubstituted or substituted hetaryl, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, hydroxyl, mer- capto, unsubstituted or substituted alkoxy, unsubstituted or substituted polyalkyleneoxy, unsub- stituted or substituted alkylthio, unsubstituted or substituted cyclolalkyloxy, unsubstituted or substituted aryloxy, unsubstituted
  • substituted alkyl groups have one or more, for example 1 , 2 or 3 substituent(s) selected from unsubstituted or substituted cycloalkyl, unsubstituted or substituted aryl, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, hydroxyl, alkoxy, polyalkyleneoxy, mercapto, alkylthio, cyano, nitro, NE 1 E 2 , -NR Ar1 COR Ar2 , -CONR Ar1 R Ar2 , -S0 2 NR Ar1 R Ar2 , and -S0 3 R Ar2 , where E 1 , E 2 , independently of each other, are hydrogen, unsubstituted or substituted Ci-Cis-alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted C 2 - Ci 8 -alkenyl, unsubstituted or substituted C2-Ci8-alkynyl, unsubstituted or substituted C3-C20- cycloalkyl or unsub
  • substituted alkyl groups are alkyl groups, wherein one hydrogen atom has been replaced by an aryl radical ("aralkyl”, also referred to hereinafter as arylalkyl or a- rylalkylene), in particular a phenyl radical.
  • aryl radical also referred to hereinafter as arylalkyl or a- rylalkylene
  • the aryl radical in turn may be unsubstituted or sub- stituted, suitable substituents are the substituents mentioned below for aryl.
  • aryl-Ci-C4-alkyl include benzyl, 1 -phenethyl, 2-phenetyl, 1 -phenylpropyl, 2-phenylpropyl, 3- phenyl-1 -propyl, 2-phenyl-2-propyl, naphthylmethyl, naphthylethyl etc.
  • substituted alkyl groups are alkyl groups where some or all of the hydrogen atoms in these groups may be replaced by halogen atoms as mentioned above, for example Ci-C4-haloalkyl.
  • alkenyl refers to straight-chain or branched hydrocarbon groups hav- ing usually 2 to 100 (“C 2 -Cioo-alkenyl"), 2 to 18 (“C 2 -Ci 8 -alkenyl”), 2 to 10 (“C 2 -Cio-alkenyl”), 2 to 8 (“C2-C8-alkenyl”), or 2 to 6 (“C2-C6-alkenyl”) carbon atoms and one or more, e.g. 2 or 3, dou- ble bonds in any position.
  • Substituted alkenyl groups depending on the length of the alkenyl chain, have one or more (e.g. 1 , 2, 3, 4, 5 or more than 5) substituents.
  • E 1 and E 2 are hydrogen, unsubstituted or substituted Ci-Cis-alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted C2-C18- alkenyl, unsubstituted or substituted C2-Ci8-alkynyl, unsubstituted or substituted C3-C20- cycloalkyl or unsubstituted or substituted C 6 -Cio-aryl, and R Ar1 and R Ar2 , independently of each other, are hydrogen, unsubstituted or substituted Ci-Cis-alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted C 3 - C2o-cycloalkyl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocyclyl, unsubstituted or substituted C6-C
  • substituted alkenyl groups have one or more, for example 1 , 2 or 3 substituent(s) selected from unsubstituted or substituted cycloalkyl, unsubstituted or substituted aryl, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, hydroxyl, alkoxy, polyalkyleneoxy, mercapto, alkylthio, cyano, nitro, NE 1 E 2 , -NR Ar1 COR Ar2 , -CONR Ar1 R Ar2 , -S0 2 NR Ar1 R Ar2 , and -S0 3 R Ar2 , where E 1 , E 2 , independently of each other, are hydrogen, unsubstituted or substituted Ci-Cis-alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted C2-Ci8-alkenyl, unsubstituted or substituted C2-C18- alkynyl, unsubstituted or substituted C3-C2o-cycloalkyl or unsubstit
  • alkynyl refers to straight-chain or branched hydrocarbon groups having usual- ly 2 to 100 (“C 2 -Cioo-alkynyl”), 2 to 18 (“C 2 -Ci 8 -alkynyl”), 2 to 10 (“C 2 -Cio-alkynyl”), 2 to 8 (“C 2 - Cs-alkynyl”), or 2 to 6 (“C2-C6-alkynyl”) carbon atoms and one or more, e.g. 2 or 3, triple bonds in any position.
  • Substituted alkynyl groups depending on the length of the alkynyl chain, have one or more (e.g. 1 , 2, 3, 4, 5 or more than 5) substituents. These are preferably each inde- pendently of each other selected from unsubstituted or substituted cycloalkyl, unsubstituted or substituted cycloalkyloxy, unsubstituted or substituted cycloalkylthio, unsubstituted or substitut- ed heterocycloalkyl, unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted aryloxy, un- substituted or substituted arylthio, unsubstituted or substituted hetaryl, fluorine, chlorine, bro- mine, iodine, hydroxyl, mercapto, unsubstituted or substituted alkoxy, unsubstituted or substi- tuted polyalkyleneoxy, unsubstitute
  • substituted alkynyl groups have one or more, for example 1 , 2 or 3 substituent(s) selected from unsubstituted or substituted cycloalkyl, unsubstituted or substituted aryl, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, hydroxyl, alkoxy, polyalkyleneoxy, mercapto, alkylthio, cyano, nitro, NE 1 E 2 , -NR Ar1 COR Ar2 , -CONR Ar1 R Ar2 , -S0 2 NR Ar1 R Ar2 , and -S0 3 R Ar2 , where E 1 , E 2 , independently of each other, are hydrogen, unsubstituted or substituted Ci-Cis-alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted C2- Ci 8 -alkenyl, unsubstituted or substituted C2-Ci8-alkynyl, unsubstituted or substituted C3-C20- cycloalkyl or unsubstit
  • alkoxy refers to an alkyl group bound through an oxygen atom, that is, an "alkoxy” group may be represented as -O-alkyl where alkyl is as defined above.
  • C1-C2- Alkoxy is methoxy or ethoxy.
  • Ci-C 4 -Alkoxy is, for example, methoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, 1 -methylethoxy (isopropoxy), butoxy, 1 -methylpropoxy (sec-butoxy), 2-methylpropoxy (isobu- toxy) or 1 ,1 -dimethylethoxy (tert-butoxy).
  • unsubstituted or substituted alkoxy refers to -O-alkyl where alkyl is unsubstituted or substituted as defined above.
  • polyoxyalkylene refers to an alkyl group bound through an oxygen atom to the remainder of the molecule, where alkyl is interrupted by one or more non-adjacent oxygen atoms and alkyl is as defined above.
  • unsubstituted or substituted polyalkyleneoxy refers to -O- alkyl where alkyl is interrupted by one or more non-adjacent oxygen atoms and alkyl is unsubsti- tuted or substituted as defined above.
  • alkylthio refers to an alkyl group bound through a sulfur atom, that is, an "alkylthio" group may be represented as -S-alkyl where alkyl is as defined above.
  • C1-C2- Alkylthio is methylthio or ethylthio.
  • Ci-C4-Alkylthio is, for example, methylthio, ethylthio, n- propylthio, 1 -methylethylthio (isopropylthio), butylthio, 1 -methylpropylthio (sec-butylthio), 2- methylpropylthio (isobutylthio) or 1 ,1 -dimethylethylthio (tert-butylthio).
  • unsubstituted or substituted alkylthio refers to -S-alkyl where alkyl is unsubstituted or substituted as defined above.
  • cycloalkyl refers to mono- or bi- or polycyclic saturated hydrocarbon radicals having usually 3 to 24 (C3-C24-cycloalkyl), 3 to 20 (“C3-C2o-cycloalkyl”) atoms, preferably 3 to 8 (“C3-C8-cycloalkyl") or 3 to 6 carbon atoms ("C3-C6-cycloalkyl”).
  • monocyclic radicals having 3 to 6 carbon atoms comprise cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl and cyclohex- yl.
  • Examples of monocyclic radicals having 3 to 8 carbon atoms comprise cyclopropyl, cyclobu- tyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl and cyclooctyl.
  • bicyclic radicals having 7 to 12 carbon atoms comprise bicyclo[2.2.1 jheptyl, bicyclo[3.1 .1 jheptyl, bicyclo[2.2.2]octyl, bicy- clo[3.3.0]octyl, bicyclo[3.2.1 joctyl, bicyclo[3.3.1 ]nonyl, bicyclo[4.2.1 ]nonyl, bicyclo[4.3.1 ]decyl, bicyclo[3.3.2]decyl, bicyclo[4.4.0]decyl, bicyclo[4.2.2]decyl, bicyclo[4.3.2] undecyl, bicy- clo[3.3.3]undecyl, bicyclo[4.3.3]dodecyl,and perhydronaphthyl.
  • polycyclic rings are perhydroanthracyl, perhydrofluorenyl, perhydrochrysenyl, perhydropicenyl,
  • Substituted cycloalkyl groups may, depending on the ring size, have one or more (e.g. 1 , 2, 3, 4, 5 or more than 5) substituents. These are preferably each independently of each other selected from unsubstituted or substituted alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted alkenyl, unsubstituted or substituted alkynyl, unsubstituted or substituted cycloalkyl, unsubstituted or substituted cycloal- kyloxy, unsubstituted or substituted cycloalkylthio, unsubstituted or substituted heterocycloalkyl, unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted aryloxy, unsubstituted or substi- tuted arylthio, unsubstituted or substituted hetaryl, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, hydroxyl, mercapto, un
  • substituted cycloalkyl groups have one or more, for example 1 , 2 or 3 substitu- ent(s) selected from unsubstituted or substituted alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted cycloalkyl, unsubstituted or substituted aryl, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, hydroxyl, alkoxy, polyalkyleneoxy, mercapto, alkylthio, cyano, nitro, NE 1 E 2 , -NR Ar1 COR Ar2 , -CONR Ar1 R Ar2 , -S0 2 NR Ar1 R Ar2 , and - S0 3 R Ar2 , where E 1 , E 2 , independently of each other, are hydrogen, unsubstituted or substituted Ci-Cis-alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted C2-Ci8-alkenyl, unsubstituted or substituted C2-C18- alkynyl, unsubstituted or substituted or substitute
  • cycloalkyloxy refers to a cycloalkyl group bound through an oxygen atom, that is, a “cycloalkyloxy” group may be represented as -O-cycloalkyl where cycloalkyl is as defined above.
  • unsubstituted or substituted cycloalkyloxy refers to -O- cycloalkyl where cycloalkyl is unsubstituted or substituted as defined above.
  • cycloalkylthio refers to a cycloalkyl group bound through a sulfur at- om, that is, a "cycloalkylthio" group may be represented as -S-cycloalkyl where cycloalkyl is as defined above.
  • unsubstituted or substituted cycloalkylthio refers to -S- cycloalkyl where cycloalkyl is unsubstituted or substituted as defined above.
  • heterocycloalkyl refers to nonaromatic, partially unsaturated or fully saturated, heter- ocyclic rings having generally 5 to 8 ring members, preferably 5 or 6 ring members, comprising besides carbon atoms as ring members, one, two, three or four heteroatoms or heteroatom- containing groups selected from O, N, NR CC , S, SO and S(0) 2 as ring members, wherein R cc is hydrogen, Ci-C2o-alkyl, C 3 -C24-cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, C6-C24-aryl or heteroaryl.
  • heterocycloalkyl groups are especially pyrrolidinyl, piperidinyl, imidazolidinyl, pyrazolidinyl, oxazolidinyl, morpholinyl, thiazolidinyl, isothiazolidinyl, isoxazolidinyl, piperazinyl, tetrahydrothi- ophenyl, dihydrothien-2-yl, tetrahydrofuranyl, dihydrofuran-2-yl, tetrahydropyranyl, 2-oxazolinyl, 3-oxazolinyl, 4-oxazolinyl and dioxanyl.
  • Substituted heterocycloalkyl groups may, depending on the ring size, have one or more (e.g. 1 , 2, 3, 4, 5 or more than 5) substituents. These are preferably each independently of each other selected from unsubstituted or substituted alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted alkenyl, unsubsti- tuted or substituted alkynyl, unsubstituted or substituted cycloalkyl, unsubstituted or substituted cycloalkyloxy, unsubstituted or substituted cycloalkylthio, unsubstituted or substituted heterocy- cloalkyl, unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted aryloxy, unsubstituted or substituted arylthio, unsubstituted or substituted hetaryl, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, hy- droxyl, mer
  • E 1 and E 2 are hydrogen, un- substituted or substituted Ci-Cis-alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted C2-Ci8-alkenyl, unsubstituted or substituted C2-Ci8-alkynyl, unsubstituted or substituted C 3 -C2o-cycloalkyl or unsubstituted or substituted C 6 -Cio-aryl, and R Ar1 and R Ar2 , independently of each other, are hydrogen, unsubsti- tuted or substituted Ci-Cis-alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted C 3 -C2o-cycloalkyl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocyclyl, unsubstituted or substituted C6-C2o-aryl or unsubstituted or substituted or substituted
  • substituted heterocycloalkyl groups have one or more, for example 1 , 2 or 3 substituent(s) selected from unsubstituted or substituted alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted cycloalkyl, unsubstituted or substituted aryl, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, hydroxyl, alkoxy, poly- alkyleneoxy, mercapto, alkylthio, cyano, nitro, NE 1 E 2 , -NR Ar1 COR Ar2 , -CONR Ar1 R Ar2 , - S0 2 NR Ar1 R Ar2 , and -S0 3 R Ar2 , where E 1 , E 2 , independently of each other, are hydrogen, unsubsti- tuted or substituted Ci-Cis-alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted C2-Ci8-alkenyl, unsubstituted or substituted C2-Ci8-alkynyl, unsubstituted or substituted or
  • aryl refers to phenyl and bi- or polycyclic carbocycles having at least one fused phenylene ring, which is bound to the remainder of the molecule.
  • bi- or polycyclic carbocycles having at least one phenylene ring include naphthyl, tetrahydronaphthyl, indanyl, indenyl, anthracenyl, fluorenyl etc.
  • aryl denotes phenyl and naphthyl.
  • Substituted aryls may, depending on the number and size of their ring systems, have one or more (e.g. 1 , 2, 3, 4, 5 or more than 5) substituents. These are preferably each independently of each other selected from unsubstituted or substituted alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted alkenyl, unsubstituted or substituted alkynyl, unsubstituted or substituted cycloalkyl, unsubstituted or substituted cycloalkyloxy, unsubstituted or substituted cycloalkylthio, unsubstituted or substitut- ed heterocycloalkyl, unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted aryloxy, un- substituted or substituted arylthio, unsubstituted or substituted hetaryl, fluorine, chlorine, bro- mine, iodine, hydroxyl, mercapto, unsub
  • substituted aryl groups have one or more, for example 1 , 2 or 3 substituent(s) selected from unsubstituted or substituted alkyl, unsubstituted or substi- tuted cycloalkyl, unsubstituted or substituted aryl, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, hydroxyl, alkoxy, polyalkyleneoxy, mercapto, alkylthio, cyano, nitro, NE 1 E 2 , -NR Ar1 COR Ar2 , -CONR Ar1 R Ar2 ,
  • E 1 , E 2 independently of each other, are hydrogen, unsub- stituted or substituted Ci-Cis-alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted C2-Ci8-alkenyl, unsubstituted or substituted C2-Ci8-alkynyl, unsubstituted or substituted C 3 -C2o-cycloalkyl or unsubstituted or substituted C 6 -Cio-aryl
  • R Ar1 and R Ar2 each independently of each, are hydrogen, unsubsti- tuted or substituted Ci-Cis-alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted C 3 -C2o-cycloalkyl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocyclyl, unsubstituted or substituted C6-C2o-aryl or unsubstituted or substituted heteroaryl.
  • Substituted aryl is preferably aryl substituted by at least one alkyl group ("alkaryl", also referred to hereinafter as alkylaryl).
  • Alkaryl groups may, depending on the size of the aromatic ring sys- tem, have one or more (e.g. 1 , 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or more than 9) alkyl substituents.
  • the alkyl substituents may be unsubstituted or substituted. In this regard, reference is made to the above statements regarding unsubstituted and substituted alkyl.
  • a special embodiment relates to al- karyl groups, wherein alkyl is unsubstituted.
  • Alkaryl is preferably phenyl which bears 1 , 2, 3, 4 or 5, preferably 1 , 2 or 3, more preferably 1 or 2 alkyl substituents.
  • Aryl which bears one or more alkyl radicals, is, for example, 2-, 3- and 4-methylphenyl, 2,4-, 2,5-, 3,5- and 2,6-dimethylphenyl,
  • C6-C24-aryloxy C6-C24-aryl as defined above, which is bonded to the skeleton via an oxygen atom (-0-). Preference is given to phenoxy and naphthyloxy.
  • unsubstituted or substituted aryloxy refers to -O-aryl where aryl is unsubstituted or substituted as defined above.
  • C6-C24-arylthio C6-C24-aryl as defined above, which is bonded to the skeleton via a sulfur atom (-S-).
  • -S- sulfur atom
  • phenylthio and naphthylthio Preference is given to phenylthio and naphthylthio. Accordingly, the term "unsubstituted or substituted arylthio" as used herein refers to -S-aryl where aryl is unsubstituted or substituted as defined above.
  • heteroaryl (also referred to as heteroaryl) comprises heteroaromatic, mono- or polycyclic groups. In addition to the ring carbon atoms, these have 1 , 2, 3, 4 or more than 4 heteroatoms as ring members.
  • the heteroatoms are pref- erably selected from oxygen, nitrogen, selenium and sulfur.
  • the hetaryl groups have preferably 5 to 18, e.g. 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 1 1 , 12, 13 or 14, ring atoms.
  • Monocyclic hetaryl groups are preferably 5- or 6-membered hetaryl groups, such as 2-furyl (fu- ran-2-yl), 3-furyl (furan-3-yl), 2-thienyl (thiophen-2-yl), 3-thienyl (thiophen-3-yl), 1 H-pyrrol-2-yl,
  • Polycyclic hetaryl groups have 2, 3, 4 or more than 4 fused rings.
  • the fused-on rings may be aromatic, saturated or partly unsaturated.
  • Examples of polycyclic hetaryl groups are quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, indolyl, isoindolyl, indolizinyl, benzofuranyl, isobenzofuranyl, benzothiophenyl, benzoxazolyl, benzisoxazolyl, benzthiazolyl, benzoxadiazolyl, benzothiadiazolyl, benzoxazinyl, benzopyrazolyl, benzimidazolyl, benzotriazolyl, benzotriazinyl, benzoselenophenyl, thienothio- phenyl, thienopyrimidyl, thiazolothiazolyl, dibenzopyrrolyl (carbazolyl), di benzofuranyl, diben
  • Substituted hetaryl groups may, depending on the number and size of their ring systems, have one or more (e.g. 1 , 2, 3, 4, 5 or more than 5) substituents. These are preferably each inde- pendently of each other selected from unsubstituted or substituted alkyl, unsubstituted or substi- tuted alkenyl, unsubstituted or substituted alkynyl, unsubstituted or substituted cycloalkyl, un- substituted or substituted cycloalkyloxy, unsubstituted or substituted cycloalkylthio, unsubstitut- ed or substituted heterocycloalkyl, unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted aryloxy, unsubstituted or substituted arylthio, unsubstituted or substituted hetaryl, fluorine, chlo- rine, bromine,
  • E 1 and E 2 are hydrogen, un- substituted or substituted Ci-Cis-alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted C2-Cis-alkenyl, unsubstituted or substituted C2-Ci8-alkynyl, unsubstituted or substituted C3-C2o-cycloalkyl or unsubstituted or substituted C 6 -Cio-aryl, and R Ar1 and R Ar2 , independently of each other, are hydrogen, unsubsti- tuted or substituted Ci-Cis-alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted C 3 -C2o-cycloalkyl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocyclyl, unsubstituted or substituted C6-C2o-aryl or unsubstituted or substituted hetero
  • substituted hetaryl groups have one or more, for example 1 , 2 or 3 sub- stituent(s) selected from unsubstituted or substituted alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted cycloal- kyl, unsubstituted or substituted aryl, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, hydroxyl, alkoxy, polyalkylene- oxy, mercapto, alkylthio, cyano, nitro, NE 1 E 2 , -NR Ar1 COR Ar2 , -CONR Ar1 R Ar2 , -S0 2 NR Ar1 R Ar2 , and - S0 3 R Ar2 , where E 1 , E 2 , R Ar1 and R Ar2 are as defined above.
  • sub- stituent(s) selected from unsubstituted or substituted alkyl, unsubstituted or substituted cycloal- kyl, unsubstituted or substituted aryl, flu
  • Fused ring systems can comprise alicyclic, aliphatic heterocyclic, aromatic and heteroaromatic rings and combinations thereof, hydroaromatic joined by fusion.
  • Fused ring systems comprise two, three or more (e.g. 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8) rings.
  • ortho-fusion i.e. each ring shares at least one edge or two atoms with each adjacent ring, and peri-fusion in which a carbon atom belongs to more than two rings.
  • Preferred fused ring systems are ortho-fused ring systems.
  • the organic fluorescent colorants B (B1 to B18) are characterized by short luminescence life- times.
  • the conditions of the measurement of QY, xo and x v are given in the example part.
  • the luminescence lifetime xo of the organic fluorescent colorants B is 0.1 ns to 10 ns, more preferably 0.2 ns to 7 ns.
  • organic fluorescent colorants B (B1 to B18) to have a very short luminescence lifetime (decay time) and a high quantum yield. Such short luminescent life- times support high rates of data transmission.
  • the detector is preferably a photodiode (PD) or an array of photodiodes (PDs), more preferably a small area photodiode.
  • PD photodiode
  • PDs photodiodes
  • Suitable detectors are detectors usually employed in a receiver in an optical data communication system and are known to a person skilled in the art.
  • At least one detector is present, preferably one or two detectors, more preferably one detector.
  • the optical data communication system comprises a receiver (R) to detect at least a part of the modulated electromagnetic radiation emitted by the transmitter (T).
  • the receiver (R) according to the present invention comprises a luminescent collector. At the luminescent collector, the optical signal is collected and converted back to electrical current.
  • the receiver (R) is usually located to be irradiated by the modulated electromagnetic radiation (optical signal).
  • the present invention therefore further relates to a receiver comprising at least one organic fluo- rescent colorant B selected from the group consisting of B1 , B2, B3, B4, B5, B7, B8, B1 1 , B12, B13, B14, B15 , B16, B17 and B18.
  • An example for a structure of a suitable receiver is for example mentioned in T. G. Tiecke et al., Optica, Vol. 3, No. 7, July 2016, 787-792 and in US 2017/0346556 A.
  • the detector correspond- ing to the luminous collector according to the present invention
  • Tiecke et al. contains a spherical bundle of special fluorescent fibers. The bundle, between the size of a golf ball and tennis ball, is able to absorb (blue laser) light from any direction and re-emit it as green light.
  • the green light is funneled to a small receiver that converts the light back to data.
  • the receiver according to the present invention comprises a luminescence collector comprising the wavelength shifting materials comprising at least one organic fluorescent colorant B select- ed from the group consisting of B1 , B2, B3, B4, B5, B7, B8, B1 1 , B12, B13, B14, B15, B16, B17 and B18 and a detector, preferably photodiode.
  • the organic fluorescent colorant B selected from the group consisting of B1 , B2, B3, B4, B5, B7, B8, B11 , B12, B13, B14, B15, B16, B17 and B18 preferably absorbs the modulated electromagnetic radiation emitted by a transmitter (T), i.e. a photon having a wavelength in a first wavelength band, and emits one or more pho- tons having a wavelength in a second wavelength band.
  • T transmitter
  • the current signal may be electronically pre-amplified by means of a transimpedance amplifier (TIA), which is optionally present in the receiver.
  • TIA transimpedance amplifier
  • the transimpedance amplifier (TIA) is prefera- bly coupled to the output of the detector.
  • the receiver (R) usually further comprises a data analyzer that is coupled to the detector, pref- erably the photodiode, respectively to the optionally present TIA.
  • the data analyzer is adapted to extract data from the detected modulated electromagnetic radiation as it is known in the art.
  • the data analyzer may comprise for example a digital signal processor (DSP) with an analog- to-digital converter (ADC) for transformation of the analog current signal into a digital signal and demodulation of the information bits.
  • the demodulated information bits form the output (E). In the case that the output (E) is digital signal, the conversion of the signal to a digital signal is omitted.
  • an optical filter may be arranged before the detector, preferably the photodiode (PD or array of PDs), to select the modulated electromagnetic radiation emitted by the transmitter (T) in the optical spectrum.
  • the optical filter greatly reduces the interference from ambient light.
  • the focusing ele- ment includes a lens.
  • the receiver therefore may additionally comprise a focusing element focusing and/or otherwise directing the photons having a wavelength in the second wavelength band to a detector.
  • the focusing element includes a lens.
  • the focusing element includes a compound parabolic concentrator (CPC).
  • the focus- ing element includes a further wavelength shifting material configured to absorb photons having wavelengths in the second wavelength band and emit photons in a third wavelength band.
  • the detector is configured to detect the photons having wavelengths in the third wavelength band.
  • the wavelength shifting material may be configured to absorb and emit photons having wavelengths in multiple different (non- overlapping) wavelength bands.
  • the wavelength shifting material may include one or more types of dyes. Suitable dyes, in addition to organic fluorescent colorants B disclosed in the present application, are known to a person skilled in the art.
  • the output of the detector is preferably coupled to a transimpedance amplifier (TIA) (as men- tioned above) that converts a current signal produced by the detector into a voltage.
  • TIA transimpedance amplifier
  • the receiver resembles a standard receiver topology as known in the art.
  • the surface of one or more of the components of the optical data communication system ac- cording to the present invention especially the surface of one or more of the components of the receiver and/or one or more components of the transmitter may be coated and/or structured. Suitable structures and coatings are known by a person skilled in the art.
  • One or more components of the receiver may be for example coated with an antireflection coat- ing and/or a coating for improving properties like demolding, heat resistance, chemical re- sistance, corrosion resistance, low friction performance, and weather resistance, for example a coating comprising S1O2 and/or fluoropolymers (fluorocoating).
  • the fibers in the optical data communication system are in one preferred embodiment coated by a cladding.
  • a cladding is a layer surrounding the fiber core (“coating”) with a thickness of typically 1 to 10 percent of the fiber radius. Its refractive index n ciad is lower than n CO re.
  • Typical materials for claddings of fibers, especially plastic fibers are PMMA or fluorinated polymers (FP) (fluoropolymers). Suitable Fluoropolymers are known by a person skilled in the art.
  • An optical fiber may have one cladding or multiple claddings each with a lower refractive index than the underlying one.
  • the claddings provide interfaces with decreasing re- fractive indices allowing repeated TIR (total internal reflection) which is used to confine and propagate light inside fiber. Fibers with only one cladding are called singleclad fibers while those with additional claddings are referred to as multiclad fibers.
  • the present invention further relates to an optical data communication system comprising
  • At least one organic fluorescent colorant B selected from the group consisting of B1 ,
  • B2, B3, B4, B5, B7, B8, B1 1 , B12, B13, B14, B15, B16, B17 and B18 is present in the receiver.
  • a suitable receiver and suitable organic fluorescent colorants B are mentioned above.
  • an elec- trical signal is transformed to an optical signal in a transmitter.
  • the modulated optical signal then propagates before arriving at a receiver.
  • the optical signal is transformed back to an electrical signal.
  • the optical data communication system according to the present invention is a free space optical data communication system.
  • the modulated optical signal propagates through a free-space path before arriving at a re-ordinatever.
  • the optical data communication system preferably the free space optical data communication system, according to the present invention is useful in indoor as well as in outdoor environ- ments.
  • the general setup for optical data communication systems, preferably for free space optical data communication systems, for indoor and outdoor environment are known by a per- son skilled in the art and for example described in“Principles of LED light communications”, S. Dimitrov, H. Haas, Cambridge University Press 2015, Chapter 2.1 to Chapter 2.4.
  • the optical data communication system according to the present invention compris- es:
  • At least one organic fluorescent colorant B selected from the group consisting of B1 ,
  • B2, B3, B4, B5, B7, B8, B11 , B12, B13, B14, B15, B16, B17 and B18 is present in the receiver of the optical data communication system.
  • FIG. 1 a general example for an optical data communication system is shown.
  • Fig. 1 a general example for an optical data communication system is shown.
  • Fig. 1 a general example for an optical data communication system is shown.
  • A is an input (A)
  • C is an optical path (C)
  • D is a receiver (R)
  • E is an output (E).
  • transmitters useful in an optical data communication system especially optical wireless communication (OWC) system, according to the present invention are known to a person skilled in the art. See for example“Principles of LED light communications”, S. Dimitrov, H. Haas, Cambridge Univer- sity Press 2015, Chapter 2.1 to Chapter 2.4.
  • the transmitter generally comprises a digital signal processor (DSP) with a digital-to-analog converter (DAC), which is employed for the modulation of the digital information bits (input (A)) and their transformation into an analog current signal.
  • DSP digital signal processor
  • DAC digital-to-analog converter
  • the current drives an optical emitter, i.e. a light source (L).
  • L optical emitter
  • the light source (L) is usually either one or more light-emitting diodes (LED) or one or more laser diodes (LD), preferably one or more LEDs.
  • the light source (L) preferably generates light of a single wavelength. However, it is also possi- ble to employ a light source (L) generating white light. Suitable LEDs and LDs for generating light of a single wavelength or white light are known by a person skilled in the art.
  • the transmitter (T) preferably comprises a modulator (M), preferably being adapted to modulate the first electromagnetic radiation emitted by the radiation source (L1 ) depending on data to be transmitted.
  • M modulator
  • the modulator (M) is coupled to the input (A).
  • the input (A) transfers the data to be transmitted to the modulator (M) that converts such data into a modulation signal.
  • a blue LED forming the radiation source (L1) emits blue light as first electromag- netic radiation that is modulated in accordance with the data to be transmitted.
  • Such modulated blue light may converted by a frequency converter (L2) into modulated white light that forms a modulated second electromagnetic radiation.
  • the second electromagnetic radiation is modulated in correspondence to the modulation of the first electromagnetic radiation, i.e. the modulation used for data transmission is maintained by the frequency converter (L2).
  • Optical carrier modulation and demodulation are usually achieved through intensity modulation for example with direct detection (IM/DD).
  • the desired waveform is modulated onto the instan- taneous power of the optical carrier, and the detector generates a current proportional to the received instantaneous power; that is, only the intensity of the optical wave is detected, and there is no frequency or phase information (as for example mentioned in H. Elgala et al., Indoor optical wireless communication: Potential and state-of-the-art, TOPICS IN OPTICAL COMMU- NICATIONS, Article in IEEE Communications Magazine October 201 1).
  • Suitable modulation technics are for example also described in H. Elgala et al., Indoor optical wireless communication: Potential and state-of-the-art, TOPICS IN OPTICAL COMMUNICA- TIONS, Article in IEEE Communications Magazine October 2011 :
  • High average power efficiency can be achieved by employing single-carrier (SC) pulsed modu- lation techniques in which the time-dependent characteristics of the optical pulse is used to convey information.
  • SC single-carrier
  • OOK on-off keying
  • PPM pulse-position modulation
  • OOK is one of the oldest formats and is the sim- plest in terms of hardware implementation and integration. It also exhibits a good compromise between complexity and performance.
  • PPM pulse-position modulation
  • an optical pulse is transmitted in one out of S slots per symbol time. The occupied slot position denotes the bit combination conveyed by the symbol.
  • PPM expands the signal bandwidth compared to OOK, but pro-vides higher power effi ciency.
  • OFDM is a practical realization of multiple-subcarrier modulation (MSM).
  • MSM multiple-subcarrier modulation
  • OFDM systems do not require complex channel equalizers, the time- varying channel can easily be estimated using frequency-domain channel estimation, and adap- tive modulation can be applied based on the uplink/downlink (UL/DL) requested data rates and quality of service (QoS).
  • QoS quality of service
  • the first electromagnetic radiation is modulated.
  • modulation may be imple- mented by control of the radiation source.
  • the first electro- magnetic radiation may also be modulated after this radiation has been emitted by the radiation source.
  • Input (A) and output (E) are usually information to be transferred, in the form of electrical digital or analog signals.
  • the information to be transferred is in form of digital information bits.
  • the optical path (C) may in general be any optical path suitable for optical communication known by a person skilled in the art.
  • the optical path (C) is the free space, i.e. an optical wireless channel.
  • the optical path is in an indoor and/or in an outdoor environment.
  • the optical path is in an indoor environment.
  • Outdoor optical wireless communications can be divided into ultra long-range free space links, medium-/long range links and short-range links.
  • the ultra long-range free space links are for example used for networking a constellation of satellites.
  • the medium-/long range links are for example used for inter-building networks or mobile backhaul.
  • the short-range links are used for example car-to-car communications.
  • Indoor optical wireless communication can be divided into short-range links and ultra-short range links.
  • Short range links are for example optical WLAN, in-flight communications, car-to- infrastructure communications, indoor positioning and wireless automation.
  • Indoor optical wire- less communication is applied for example in homes, offices and warehouses ranging from TV control to IrDA (Infrared Data Association) ports on portable electronic devices such as mobile phones, digital cameras, personal digital assistants and laptops.
  • Ultra short range links are for example inter-chip interconnections and in-body networks.
  • the optical path is the free space in an indoor environment.
  • the optical data communication system according to the present invention may fur- ther comprise an optical system in order to further shape the modulated electromagnetic radia- tion emitted by the transmitter (T).
  • an optical amplifier lens, a collimator, and/or a diffusor can be employed to concentrate or broaden the modulated electromagnetic radiation.
  • N,N'-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)-1 ,6,7,12-tetraphenoxyperylene-3,4:9,10-tetracarboximide Dye 1 can be purchased from, e.g. from BASF SE.
  • Dye 2 can be purchased, e.g. from BASF SE.
  • Dye 3 can be purchased, e.g. from BASF SE
  • Dye 4 can be purchased, e.g. from BASF SE.
  • Dye 5 can be prepared in analogy to the methods described in EP 3072887.
  • Dye 7 can be purchased, e.g. from BASF SE.
  • Dye 8 can be prepared as described in WO
  • Dye 9 can be prepared as described in example 10 of WO 2012/168395.
  • Dye 10 :
  • R 2 , R 3 , R 6 and R 7 substituents are hydrogen
  • R 2 , R 3 , R 6 and R 7 substituents is cyano.
  • Dye 10 can be prepared as described in example 3 of WO 2015/169935.
  • Dye 12 can be prepared as described in example 3 of WO 2015/019270.
  • Dye 13 :
  • Dye 13 can be prepared as described in example 1 of WO 2016/151068.
  • NMP N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone
  • Dye 15 can be prepared as described in example 1 of WO 2017/121833 A1.
  • Dye 16 :
  • Dye 16 can be prepared in analogy to the compounds described in WO 2014/131628.
  • Dye 17 :
  • Dye 17 can be prepared as described in example 6 of WO 2016/151068.
  • Dye 18 :
  • Dye 18 can be prepared as described in example 5 of WO 2016/151068.
  • Dye 19
  • a mixture of 250 mL of quinoline, 8.8 g (0.032 mol) of 4-bromo-1 ,8-naphthalic anhydride, 1 1.0 g (0.032 mol; 90% purity) of the mixture from 19.3, 6.0 g (0.032 mol) of zinc acetate was heated at 130°C for 2 hours under nitrogen. After cooling to room temperature, 200 mL of methanol were added. The mixture was stirred over night followed by filtration. The residue was washed with methanol and water. 1 1.45 g (65%) of a yellow precipitate were obtained.
  • a mixture of 1 1.0 g (0.02 mol) of the mixture of compounds from 19.4, 2.68 g (0.02 mol) of phe- nylboronic acid, 5.52 g (0.04 mol) of potassium carbonate, 30 mL of water, 250 mL of toluene and 0.23 g (0.0002 mol) of tetrakistriphenylphosphinepalladium was heated at 90°C for 2 hours. After cooling to room temperature, the residue was filtered off, washed with methanol and water and dried in vacuum to give 10.5 (95%) of a yellow-black residue.
  • Dye 20 can be prepared as described in WO 2014/131628.
  • Dye 21 can be prepared as described in WO 2014/131628.
  • Dye 21 can be prepared in analogy to the methods described in WO 2012/168395.
  • Dye 22 can be prepared as described in WO 2012/168395.
  • Dye 23 can be prepared as described in European patent application 17151931.7 Dye 24:
  • Dye 24 can be prepared as described in example 2 of WO 2007/006717.
  • Dye 25 can be prepared as described in example 2 of WO 2007/006717.
  • Dye 25 can be prepared as described in Chem. Eur. J. 1997, 3, S. 219-225.
  • Dye 26 can be prepared as described in EP17208597.9.
  • Dye 27 can be prepared as described in EP18179281.3. Properties of the dyes 1 to 27 (organic fluorescent colorants B)
  • the organic fluorescent colorants (dyes) synthesized according to the examples were used to produce wavelength shifting materials. For this purpose, they were incorporated as described hereinafter into a matrix composed of a polymer.
  • the polymer used was PMMA (Plexiglas ® 6N from Evonik), polystyrene (PS168 N from BASF) and PC (Macrolon ® 2808 from Bayer).
  • Fluorescence quantum yields (QY) of the analysis samples were measured with the C9920-02 quantum yield measuring system (from Hamamatsu). This was done by illuminating each of the samples with light of 445 to 455 nm in an integrating sphere (Ulbricht sphere). By comparison with the reference measurement in the Ulbricht sphere without sample, the unabsorbed fraction of the excitation light and the fluorescent light emitted by the sample are determined by means of a CCD spectrometer. Integration of the intensities of the spectrum of the unabsorbed excita- tion light and of that of the emitted fluorescent light gives the degree of absorption and fluores- cence intensity, respectively and thus the fluorescence quantum yield of each sample can be calculated.
  • the excited-state lifetime (x v ) of the prepared thin films is measured by exciting the thin films with a pulsed diode laser with an excitation wavelength of 450 nm (Picoquant) operated at 10 kHz (85 pW, 105 pW/cm 2 ) and detecting the emission with time correlated single photon count- ing (TCSPC). This wavelength was chosen in order to be close to the lighting application, where a blue LED with 450 nm emission maximum is used. A mono-exponential fit to the decay curve was used to determine the excited-state lifetime (x v ).
  • Example 24 and 25 are illuminated with white light at 100 mW/cm 2 as their absorption at 450 nm is negli- gible.
  • T80 in days is the time that the product of fluorescence and absorption decreases to 80% of its initial value.
  • concentration of the dyes is chosen in a way so that they absorb about 50% of incoming blue light.
  • OD optical density measured with a Zeiss MC5601 UV-NIR absorption spectrometer 3 ⁇ 4 Abs. means the absorption in % measured with a Zeiss MC5601 UV-NIR absorption spec- trometer

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  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Plural Heterocyclic Compounds (AREA)
  • Optical Filters (AREA)
  • Optical Communication System (AREA)
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KR1020217006926A KR102929257B1 (ko) 2018-09-11 2019-09-09 광 데이터 통신용 발광 수집기를 포함하는 수신기
JP2021537497A JP7466545B2 (ja) 2018-09-11 2019-09-09 光データ通信用の発光集光器を備えた受信機
US17/275,532 US12018192B2 (en) 2018-09-11 2019-09-09 Receiver comprising a luminescent collector for optical data communication
CN201980059210.9A CN112739794B (zh) 2018-09-11 2019-09-09 用于光学数据通信的包括发光收集器的接收器
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WO2022178450A1 (en) * 2021-02-22 2022-08-25 Nitto Denko Corporation Boron-containing cyclic emissive compounds and color conversion film containing the same
WO2022178427A1 (en) * 2021-02-22 2022-08-25 Nitto Denko Corporation Boron-containing cyclic emissive compounds and color conversion film containing the same
WO2023049828A1 (en) * 2021-09-27 2023-03-30 Nitto Denko Corporation Boron-containing cyclic emissive compounds and color conversion film containing the same
WO2023158977A1 (en) * 2022-02-18 2023-08-24 Nitto Denko Corporation Boron-containing cyclic emissive compounds and color conversion film containing the same
WO2023158976A1 (en) * 2022-02-18 2023-08-24 Nitto Denko Corporation Boron-containing cyclic emissive compounds and color conversion film containing the same

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JP2024508226A (ja) * 2021-02-22 2024-02-26 日東電工株式会社 含ホウ素環式放出性化合物及びそれを含む色変換フィルム
JP2024511260A (ja) * 2021-02-22 2024-03-13 日東電工株式会社 含ホウ素環式放出性化合物及びそれを含む色変換フィルム
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US20220049158A1 (en) 2022-02-17
CN112739794B (zh) 2024-08-13
TW202020057A (zh) 2020-06-01
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